Cálculo Óptimo de Tuberia Forzada (Central Hidroelectrica)

PARAMETROSPARAMETROS PARA LA DETERMINACION DEL DIAMETRO OPTIMOCENTRAL HIDROELECTRICASTA.LORENZADATOS DEL SISTEMACaudalm3/s11Caudal por tuberiam3/s11Nivel de operacin normalmsnm2409.13Nivel del agua valvulamsnm2390.25Nivel eje de Turbinamsnm2201.45Altura Brutam207.68Sobrepresion (Golpe de ariete)%30Rendimiento Hidraulico%1Rendimiento Turbina%0.91Rendimento Generador%0.96Vida utilaos30Horas operacin al aohr8760DATOS DE LA TUBERIABifurcacionSINumero de tuberiasu1Longitud de tuberiam366.89Resistencia del materialkg/cm22500Esfuerzo admisiblePa/m2114000000Densidad del materialkg/m37850Coeficiente de rugosidad Manning0.01Espesor por Corrosionm0.002Eficiencia junta soldada0.85COSTOSFabricacionUS $/kg4MontajeUS $/kg1.5Obras CivilesUS $/kg2EnergaUS $/kw-hr0.055Tasa de descuento anual%12DIAMETRO ECONOMICO SUGERIDODiametro 1m1.989DIAMETROS DE ANALISISD1cm170D2cm180D3cm190D4cm200D5cm210D6cm220D7cm230OTROS VARIABLESViscosidad del aguaPa-s0.0011382Gravedadm/s29.78Peso especifico de aguaN/m39751.394478Coeficiente Hazen150Rugosidad absolutam0.00004572Densidad del fluidokg/m3997.0751Factor K1.7

COSTO PERDIDA ENERGIALongitudDiametroAlt. BCaudalEfic. GrupoVel.NReynoldsCoef. Fric.FriccionLocalesTot.Alt.perd.Alt.NetagPot.Pot.PerdHrs. opePerdidaPerdidaValor actual(m)(m)(m)(m3/s)(m/s)(m)(m)(m)(m)(m/s2)(kW)(kW)(h/ao)(kW-hr)(US$/ao)(US$)366.891.70207.7110.87364.8472075400.01022.3342.0364.370203.3109.7819107411876035977471978761593928366.891.80207.7110.87364.3268071990.01021.7671.6203.387204.2939.7819200318876027882981533561235314366.891.90207.7110.87363.8764489950.01011.3581.3052.663205.0179.781926825087602192204120571971223366.892.00207.7110.87363.5061266080.01011.0581.0632.121205.5599.78193191998760174583996021773468366.892.10207.7110.87363.1758349220.01010.8340.8741.708205.9729.78193581618760140654477360623148366.892.20207.7110.87362.8955697500.01010.6650.7261.391206.2899.78193871318760114512162982507329366.892.30207.7110.87362.6453276340.01010.5360.6081.143206.5379.7819411107876094120951766416989

ESPESOR & TUBERIAESPESOR DE TUBERIA Y PESOCon formula ASMEAltura de presion (m)Espesor tuberia(mm)Peso(kg)PUNTONIVELProgresivaANCLAJEHidrosta.SobrepresionTotalAnguloAng.tuboDif.alt. tramoLong.tramoLong. Acum.PresionDiam.inter.Efic.junta=0.85Corros.+2Real(inc.+20%)N(golpe ariete)radmmmN/m2m12390.25Valvula18.885.6624.50.000.0000.000.000.002393381.902.354.358.0022390.25118.885.6624.50.000.0000.0032.4432.442393381.902.354.358.01221132379.8329.308.7938.137.040.64710.4217.3049.743714571.903.655.658.0651242369.4139.7211.9251.637.040.64710.4217.3067.045035751.904.956.958.0651252358.98250.1515.0565.237.040.64710.4317.3184.356357701.906.268.269.0733462349.8759.2617.7877.033.270.5819.1116.60100.957512171.907.409.4012.0939372340.7668.3720.5188.933.270.5819.1116.60117.558666651.908.5410.5412.0939382331.55377.5823.27100.933.270.5819.2216.80134.359835031.909.7011.7012.0950692322.3286.8126.04112.833.760.5899.2216.60150.9511004431.9010.8612.8616.012550102313.1096.0328.81124.833.760.5899.2216.60167.5512173841.9012.0314.0316.012550112303.764105.3731.61137.033.760.5899.3416.81184.3613358031.9013.2115.2116.012709122294.24114.8934.47149.434.970.6109.5216.60200.9614564271.9014.4116.4119.014926132284.73124.4037.32161.734.970.6109.5216.60217.5615770511.9015.6117.6119.014926142275.085134.0540.22174.334.970.6109.6516.84234.4016993891.9016.8418.8419.015139152265.33143.8043.14186.935.930.6279.7416.60251.0018228641.9018.0820.0825.019701162255.59153.5446.06199.635.930.6279.7416.60267.6019463381.9019.3121.3125.019701172245.706163.4349.03212.535.930.6279.9016.87284.4720718211.9020.5822.5825.020022182234.74174.3952.32226.732.820.57310.9620.22304.6922107451.9021.9723.9725.023998192223.787185.3555.60241.032.820.57310.9520.21324.9023496011.9023.3825.3832.030814202214.81BIFUR.194.3258.30252.660.001.0478.9710.36335.2624633381.9024.5226.5232.015796212201.458207.6862.30270.060.001.04713.3615.43350.6926327351.4019.3321.3325.013556222201.45Casa Maq.207.6862.30270.00.000.0000.0016.20366.8926327351.4019.3321.3325.014233TOTAL366.89396274Con formula ASMEAltura de presion (m)Espesor tuberia(mm)Peso(kg)PUNTONIVELProgresivaANCLAJEHidrosta.SobrepresionTotalAnguloAng.tuboDif.alt. tramoLong.tramoLong. Acum.PresionDiam.inter.Efic.junta=0.85Corros.+2Real(inc.+20%)N(golpe ariete)radmmmN/m2m12390.25Valvula18.885.6624.50.000.0000.000.000.002393381.702.104.108.0022390.25118.885.6624.50.000.0000.0032.4432.442393381.702.104.108.01311832379.8329.308.7938.137.040.64710.4217.3049.743714571.703.275.278.0699642369.4139.7211.9251.637.040.64710.4217.3067.045035751.704.436.438.0699652358.98250.1515.0565.237.040.64710.4317.3184.356357701.705.607.608.0700062349.8759.2617.7877.033.270.5819.1116.60100.957512171.706.628.629.0755672340.7668.3720.5188.933.270.5819.1116.60117.558666651.707.649.6412.01009282331.55377.5823.27100.933.270.5819.2216.80134.359835031.708.6810.6812.01021492322.3286.8126.04112.833.760.5899.2216.60150.9511004431.709.7211.7212.010092102313.1096.0328.81124.833.760.5899.2216.60167.5512173841.7010.7612.7616.013488112303.764105.3731.61137.033.760.5899.3416.81184.3613358031.7011.8213.8216.013659122294.24114.8934.47149.434.970.6109.5216.60200.9614564271.7012.8914.8916.013488132284.73124.4037.32161.734.970.6109.5216.60217.5615770511.7013.9715.9716.013488142275.085134.0540.22174.334.970.6109.6516.84234.4016993891.7015.0717.0719.016273152265.33143.8043.14186.935.930.6279.7416.60251.0018228641.7016.1718.1719.016045162255.59153.5446.06199.635.930.6279.7416.60267.6019463381.7017.2819.2825.021185172245.706163.4349.03212.535.930.6279.9016.87284.4720718211.7018.4120.4125.021530182234.74174.3952.32226.732.820.57310.9620.22304.6922107451.7019.6621.6625.025805192223.787185.3555.60241.032.820.57310.9520.21324.9023496011.7020.9122.9125.025793202214.81BIFUR.194.3258.30252.660.001.0478.9710.36335.2624633381.7021.9423.9425.013222212201.458207.6862.30270.060.001.04713.3615.43350.6926327351.4019.3321.3325.016268222201.45Casa Maq.207.6862.30270.00.000.0000.0016.20366.8926327351.4019.3321.3325.017079TOTAL366.89332733Con formula ASMEAltura de presion (m)Espesor tuberia(mm)Peso(kg)PUNTONIVELProgresivaANCLAJEHidrosta.SobrepresionTotalAnguloAng.tuboDif.alt. tramoLong.tramoLong. Acum.PresionDiam.inter.Efic.junta=0.85Corros.+2Real(inc.+20%)N(golpe ariete)radmmmN/m2m12390.25Valvula18.885.6624.50.000.0000.000.000.002393381.802.234.238.0022390.25118.885.6624.50.000.0000.0032.4432.442393381.802.234.238.01388632379.8329.308.7938.137.040.64710.4217.3049.743714571.803.465.468.0740542369.4139.7211.9251.637.040.64710.4217.3067.045035751.804.696.698.0740552358.98250.1515.0565.237.040.64710.4317.3184.356357701.805.937.938.0740962349.8759.2617.7877.033.270.5819.1116.60100.957512171.807.019.0112.01068272340.7668.3720.5188.933.270.5819.1116.60117.558666651.808.0910.0912.01068282331.55377.5823.27100.933.270.5819.2216.80134.359835031.809.1911.1912.01081192322.3286.8126.04112.833.760.5899.2216.60150.9511004431.8010.2912.2916.014274102313.1096.0328.81124.833.760.5899.2216.60167.5512173841.8011.3913.3916.014274112303.764105.3731.61137.033.760.5899.3416.81184.3613358031.8012.5114.5116.014455122294.24114.8934.47149.434.970.6109.5216.60200.9614564271.8013.6515.6516.014274132284.73124.4037.32161.734.970.6109.5216.60217.5615770511.8014.7916.7919.016978142275.085134.0540.22174.334.970.6109.6516.84234.4016993891.8015.9517.9519.017220152265.33143.8043.14186.935.930.6279.7416.60251.0018228641.8017.1219.1225.022414162255.59153.5446.06199.635.930.6279.7416.60267.6019463381.8018.3020.3025.022414172245.706163.4349.03212.535.930.6279.9016.87284.4720718211.8019.4921.4925.022778182234.74174.3952.32226.732.820.57310.9620.22304.6922107451.8020.8222.8225.027301192223.787185.3555.60241.032.820.57310.9520.21324.9023496011.8022.1524.1525.027288202214.81BIFUR.194.3258.30252.660.001.0478.9710.36335.2624633381.8023.2325.2332.017974212201.458207.6862.30270.060.001.04713.3615.43350.6926327351.4019.3321.3325.016268222201.45Casa Maq.207.6862.30270.00.000.0000.0016.20366.8926327351.4019.3321.3325.017079TOTAL366.89366616Con formula ASMEAltura de presion (m)Espesor tuberia(mm)Peso(kg)PUNTONIVELProgresivaANCLAJEHidrosta.SobrepresionTotalAnguloAng.tuboDif.alt. tramoLong.tramoLong. Acum.PresionDiam.inter.Efic.junta=0.85Corros.+2Real(inc.+20%)N(golpe ariete)radmmmN/m2m12390.25Valvula18.885.6624.50.000.0000.000.000.002393382.002.474.478.0022390.25118.885.6624.50.000.0000.0032.4432.442393382.002.474.478.01542232379.8329.308.7938.137.040.64710.4217.3049.743714572.003.845.848.0822442369.4139.7211.9251.637.040.64710.4217.3067.045035752.005.217.218.0822452358.98250.1515.0565.237.040.64710.4317.3184.356357702.006.598.599.0926262349.8759.2617.7877.033.270.5819.1116.60100.957512172.007.799.7912.01186172340.7668.3720.5188.933.270.5819.1116.60117.558666652.008.9910.9912.01186182331.55377.5823.27100.933.270.5819.2216.80134.359835032.0010.2112.2116.01603792322.3286.8126.04112.833.760.5899.2216.60150.9511004432.0011.4313.4316.015846102313.1096.0328.81124.833.760.5899.2216.60167.5512173842.0012.6614.6616.015846112303.764105.3731.61137.033.760.5899.3416.81184.3613358032.0013.9015.9016.016046122294.24114.8934.47149.434.970.6109.5216.60200.9614564272.0015.1717.1719.018845132284.73124.4037.32161.734.970.6109.5216.60217.5615770512.0016.4418.4419.018845142275.085134.0540.22174.334.970.6109.6516.84234.4016993892.0017.7219.7225.025223152265.33143.8043.14186.935.930.6279.7416.60251.0018228642.0019.0321.0325.024870162255.59153.5446.06199.635.930.6279.7416.60267.6019463382.0020.3322.3325.024870172245.706163.4349.03212.535.930.6279.9016.87284.4720718212.0021.6623.6625.025274182234.74174.3952.32226.732.820.57310.9620.22304.6922107452.0023.1325.1332.038909192223.787185.3555.60241.032.820.57310.9520.21324.9023496012.0024.6126.6132.038890202214.81BIFUR.194.3258.30252.660.001.0478.9710.36335.2624633382.0025.8227.8232.019936212201.458207.6862.30270.060.001.04713.3615.43350.6926327351.4019.3321.3325.016268222201.45Casa Maq.207.6862.30270.00.000.0000.0016.20366.8926327351.4019.3321.3325.017079TOTAL366.89430987Con formula ASMEAltura de presion (m)Espesor tuberia(mm)Peso(kg)PUNTONIVELProgresivaANCLAJEHidrosta.SobrepresionTotalAnguloAng.tuboDif.alt. tramoLong.tramoLong. Acum.PresionDiam.inter.Efic.junta=0.85Corros.+2Real(inc.+20%)N(golpe ariete)radmmmN/m2m12390.25Valvula18.885.6624.50.000.0000.000.000.002393382.102.604.608.0022390.25118.885.6624.50.000.0000.0032.4432.442393382.102.604.608.01619032379.8329.308.7938.137.040.64710.4217.3049.743714572.104.036.038.0863442369.4139.7211.9251.637.040.64710.4217.3067.045035752.105.477.478.0863452358.98250.1515.0565.237.040.64710.4317.3184.356357702.106.928.929.0972362349.8759.2617.7877.033.270.5819.1116.60100.957512172.108.1810.1812.01245072340.7668.3720.5188.933.270.5819.1116.60117.558666652.109.4411.4412.01245082331.55377.5823.27100.933.270.5819.2216.80134.359835032.1010.7212.7216.01683292322.3286.8126.04112.833.760.5899.2216.60150.9511004432.1012.0114.0116.016632102313.1096.0328.81124.833.760.5899.2216.60167.5512173842.1013.2915.2916.016632112303.764105.3731.61137.033.760.5899.3416.81184.3613358032.1014.6016.6019.020029122294.24114.8934.47149.434.970.6109.5216.60200.9614564272.1015.9317.9319.019779132284.73124.4037.32161.734.970.6109.5216.60217.5615770512.1017.2619.2625.026098142275.085134.0540.22174.334.970.6109.6516.84234.4016993892.1018.6120.6125.026469152265.33143.8043.14186.935.930.6279.7416.60251.0018228642.1019.9821.9825.026098162255.59153.5446.06199.635.930.6279.7416.60267.6019463382.1021.3523.3525.026098172245.706163.4349.03212.535.930.6279.9016.87284.4720718212.1022.7424.7425.026523182234.74174.3952.32226.732.820.57310.9620.22304.6922107452.1024.2926.2932.040824192223.787185.3555.60241.032.820.57310.9520.21324.9023496012.1025.8427.8432.040804202214.81BIFUR.194.3258.30252.660.001.0478.9710.36335.2624633382.1027.1129.1132.020917212201.458207.6862.30270.060.001.04713.3615.43350.6926327351.4019.3321.3325.016268222201.45Casa Maq.207.6862.30270.00.000.0000.0016.20366.8926327351.4019.3321.3325.017079TOTAL366.89458510Con formula ASMEAltura de presion (m)Espesor tuberia(mm)Peso(kg)PUNTONIVELProgresivaANCLAJEHidrosta.SobrepresionTotalAnguloAng.tuboDif.alt. tramoLong.tramoLong. Acum.PresionDiam.inter.Efic.junta=0.85Corros.+2Real(inc.+20%)N(golpe ariete)radmmmN/m2m12390.25Valvula18.885.6624.50.000.0000.000.000.002393382.202.724.728.0022390.25118.885.6624.50.000.0000.0032.4432.442393382.202.724.728.01695832379.8329.308.7938.137.040.64710.4217.3049.743714572.204.236.238.0904342369.4139.7211.9251.637.040.64710.4217.3067.045035752.205.737.738.0904352358.98250.1515.0565.237.040.64710.4317.3184.356357702.207.259.2512.01359862349.8759.2617.7877.033.270.5819.1116.60100.957512172.208.5710.5712.01304072340.7668.3720.5188.933.270.5819.1116.60117.558666652.209.8911.8912.01304082331.55377.5823.27100.933.270.5819.2216.80134.359835032.2011.2313.2316.01762892322.3286.8126.04112.833.760.5899.2216.60150.9511004432.2012.5814.5816.017418102313.1096.0328.81124.833.760.5899.2216.60167.5512173842.2013.9215.9216.017418112303.764105.3731.61137.033.760.5899.3416.81184.3613358032.2015.2917.2919.020974122294.24114.8934.47149.434.970.6109.5216.60200.9614564272.2016.6818.6819.020712132284.73124.4037.32161.734.970.6109.5216.60217.5615770512.2018.0820.0825.027326142275.085134.0540.22174.334.970.6109.6516.84234.4016993892.2019.5021.5025.027715152265.33143.8043.14186.935.930.6279.7416.60251.0018228642.2020.9322.9325.027326162255.59153.5446.06199.635.930.6279.7416.60267.6019463382.2022.3624.3625.027326172245.706163.4349.03212.535.930.6279.9016.87284.4720718212.2023.8225.8232.035658182234.74174.3952.32226.732.820.57310.9620.22304.6922107452.2025.4427.4432.042739192223.787185.3555.60241.032.820.57310.9520.21324.9023496012.2027.0729.0732.042718202214.81BIFUR.194.3258.30252.660.001.0478.9710.36335.2624633382.2028.4030.4032.021898212201.458207.6862.30270.060.001.04713.3615.43350.6926327351.4019.3321.3325.016268222201.45Casa Maq.207.6862.30270.00.000.0000.0016.20366.8926327351.4019.3321.3325.017079TOTAL366.89488272Con formula ASMEAltura de presion (m)Espesor tuberia(mm)Peso(kg)PUNTONIVELProgresivaANCLAJEHidrosta.SobrepresionTotalAnguloAng.tuboDif.alt. tramoLong.tramoLong. Acum.PresionDiam.inter.Efic.junta=0.85Corros.+2Real(inc.+20%)N(golpe ariete)radmmmN/m2m12390.25Valvula18.885.6624.50.000.0000.000.000.002393382.302.844.848.0022390.25118.885.6624.50.000.0000.0032.4432.442393382.302.844.848.01772632379.8329.308.7938.137.040.64710.4217.3049.743714572.304.426.428.0945342369.4139.7211.9251.637.040.64710.4217.3067.045035752.306.008.008.0945352358.98250.1515.0565.237.040.64710.4317.3184.356357702.307.589.5812.01421262349.8759.2617.7877.033.270.5819.1116.60100.957512172.308.9610.9612.01362972340.7668.3720.5188.933.270.5819.1116.60117.558666652.3010.3412.3416.01820482331.55377.5823.27100.933.270.5819.2216.80134.359835032.3011.7413.7416.01842392322.3286.8126.04112.833.760.5899.2216.60150.9511004432.3013.1515.1516.018204102313.1096.0328.81124.833.760.5899.2216.60167.5512173842.3014.5616.5619.021645112303.764105.3731.61137.033.760.5899.3416.81184.3613358032.3015.9917.9919.021919122294.24114.8934.47149.434.970.6109.5216.60200.9614564272.3017.4419.4425.028554132284.73124.4037.32161.734.970.6109.5216.60217.5615770512.3018.9020.9025.028554142275.085134.0540.22174.334.970.6109.6516.84234.4016993892.3020.3822.3825.028960152265.33143.8043.14186.935.930.6279.7416.60251.0018228642.3021.8823.8825.028554162255.59153.5446.06199.635.930.6279.7416.60267.6019463382.3023.3825.3832.036660172245.706163.4349.03212.535.930.6279.9016.87284.4720718212.3024.9126.9132.037256182234.74174.3952.32226.732.820.57310.9620.22304.6922107452.3026.6028.6032.044654192223.787185.3555.60241.032.820.57310.9520.21324.9023496012.3028.3030.3032.044632202214.81BIFUR.194.3258.30252.660.001.0478.9710.36335.2624633382.3029.6931.6932.022879212201.458207.6862.30270.060.001.04713.3615.43350.6926327351.4019.3321.3325.016268222201.45Casa Maq.207.6862.30270.00.000.0000.0016.20366.8926327351.4019.3321.3325.017079TOTAL366.89530267

JNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramalesJNG:Se duplica por ser dos ramales

COSTO TUBERIACOSTO FABRICACION E INSTALACION TUBERIAMoneda= US $Costo FabricacionCosto MontajeCosto Obras CivilesCOSTOCOSTODiametro(cm)PESO(kg)UnitarioSub totalUnitarioSub totalUnitarioSub totalTOTALANUAL170332732.904.001330931.611.5499099.352665465.802,495,497309,800180366616.464.001466465.831.5549924.692733232.912,749,623341,348190396274.424.001585097.661.5594411.622792548.832,972,058368,962200430987.124.001723948.481.5646480.682861974.243,232,403401,282210458510.264.001834041.031.5687765.392917020.523,438,827426,909220488272.414.001953089.641.5732408.612976544.823,662,043454,619230530266.994.002121067.971.5795400.4921060533.983,977,002493,720

DIA. ECO.Diametro (m)Costo Anual $Costo de Perdida $Costo Total $1.70309,800197876507,6761.80341,348153356494,7051.90368,962120571489,5332.00401,28296021497,3042.10426,90977360504,2682.20454,61962982517,6012.30493,72051766545,486Diametro Economico = 1.90 m

DIA. ECO.

Costo Anual de TuberiaCosto de Perdida de EnergiaCosto TotalDiametro (m)Costo Anual ($)Costo Anual ($) vs Diametro (m)

ExtraDiametro (m)Costo Total $Costo de Perdida $Costo Total $1.702,495,49715939284,089,4251.802,749,62312353143,984,9371.902,972,0589712233,943,2822.003,232,4037734684,005,8712.103,438,8276231484,061,9752.203,662,0435073294,169,3722.303,977,0024169894,393,991Diametro Economico = 1.90 m

Extra1.71.71.71.81.81.81.91.91.92222.12.12.12.22.22.22.32.32.3

Costo Total de TuberiaCosto de Perdida de EnergiaCosto TotalDiametro (m)Costo ($)Costo Total ($) vs Diametro (m)