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BY ROLL NUMBERS: 1001247078
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Conceptual models includeEntity-relationship database model (ERDBM)
Object-oriented database model (OODBM)
Implementation models includeHierarchical database model (HDBM)
Network database model (NDBM)
Relational database model (RDBM)
Object-oriented database model (OODBM)
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Hierarchical Model
Network Model
Relational Model
Object-Oriented Model
Entity-Attribute-Value (EAV) data model
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COMPARISION:y Hierarchical (tree)
y Data is organized top-down
y Networky Owner-membership relationship
y A member can have many owners
y Relational
y Uses tabular format with 2-dimensional tables(relations)
y Relations resemble files
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RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL:y Data is represented in the form oftables, and the
modelhas 3 components
y Data structure dataare organised in the form oftables with rows and columns
y Data manipulation powerful operations (using theSQL language) are used to manipulate data stored in
the relationsy Data integrity facilities are included to specifybusiness rules that maintain the integrityof datawhentheyare manipulated
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Entity-Relationship diagrams are useful for modelling dataandthe relationships between the data. Theycan be used when theconstraints between dataare relativelysimple. Theydo notallow specification of interactions between the data or modelhow the data changes (there are no processes in Entity-Relationship).
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Conceptual simplicity:
Database security:
Data integrity
Data independence
Efficiency in 1:M
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Hierarchical Database Model
y Disadvantages
y Complex implementation:
y Difficult to manage and lack of standards
y Lacks structural independence
y
Applications programming and use complexity(pointer based)
y Implementation limitations, i.e. especially it onlyhandle 1:M type of model
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NETWORK DATABASE:y Advantages
y Conceptual simplicity, just lime HDMy Handles more relationship types (but all 1:M
relationship)y Data access flexibilityy Promotes database integrityy Data independencey Conformance to standards
y Disadvantagesy System complexityy Lack of structural independence
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Structural independence: data access path isirrelevant to database design;
change structure will not affect the database
Improved conceptual simplicity
Easier database design, implementation,management, and use
Ad hoc query capability with SQL (4GL isadded)
Powerful database management system
u1
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Slide 13
u1 user, 4/26/2011
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Substantial hardware and system software
overheadPoor design and implementation is madeeasy
May promote islands of information
problems
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ENTITY ATTRIBUTE
RELATIONSHIP:ADVANTAGEy Conceptual simplicity
y Visual representation
y Effective communication
y Integration withthe relationaldatabase model
DISADVANTAGESy Limited constraint
representation
y Limited relationshiprepresentation
y No representation of datamanipulation
y Loss of information
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OLTP vs. OLAP
We can divide ITsystems intotransactional (OLTP)
and analytical (OLA
P).In general we canassume that OLTPsystems provide sourcedatato data
warehouses, whereasOLAP systems help toanalyze it.
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DIFFERENCE:
DATA WAREHOUSING DBMS
y You could think of datawarehousing as an
environmentthatprovides a vehicle todeliver meaningfulinformation to thebusiness communitytoenable effective
operations oversightandbusiness decisionsupport.
y DBMS is a "DatabaseManagement System". Thisis the software that
manages data on physicalstorage devices. Thesoftware provides the abilityto store, access and modifythe data. Examples ofadbms would be Oracle,
SQL/Server, DB2 andInformix in the relational(rdbms) world
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FUTURE OF DATABASE MODEL:
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THANK YOU
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