208018-SOLUCION Microondas

8/19/2019 208018-SOLUCION Microondas

1/35

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA – UNADESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BASICAS TECNOLOGIA E INGENIERIAGUIA COMPONENTE PRÁCTICO DEL CURSO: 208018 – MICROONDAS

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA

ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BASICAS TECNOLOGIA E INGENIERIA

GUÍA COMPONENTE PRÁCTICO

208018 – MICROONDAS

REMBERTO CARLOS MORENO HERAZO

(Director Nacional)

ELBER FERNANDO CAMELO QUINTERO

Acreitaor

COROZAL

!ULIO "#$%


2/35


2. ASPECTOS DE PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL Y VERSIONAMIENTO

Autor Guía: ING. REMBERTO CARLOS MORENO HERAZO

Versiones: 2014-II

El prese!e D"#$%e!" se r&'e p"r l( "r%(!&)&*(* +$e #" ,(se (*ere#"s *e ($!"r *e p$,l(#&"es $&)ers&!(r&(s ( e.pe*&*" l(D&re##&/ N(#&"(l *e Dere#"s *e A$!"r *e (ll +$e el prese!e*"#$%e!" se re'l(%e!e ,(" l( C&r#$l(r N" 13 *el 1 *e A,r&l *e 2002e.pe*&*( p"r es!e "r'(&s%" *e #"!r"l p5,l" ( l(s Is!&!$#&"es *e

e*$#(#&/ s$per&"r s",re 6L"s Dere#"s *e A$!"r e el Á%,&!"U&)ers&!(r&"67 Al &'$(l +$e l"s re'l(%e!"s s",re *ere#"s *e A$!"r#"s('r(*"s e l( Le N"7 29 *e 182 s",re Dere#"s *e A$!"r *el#"'res" *e l( rep5,l( *e C"l"%,&( l( Le N"7 44 *e 19 +$e (#e(*&"es ( l( Le 29 *el 827

P(r( !(les e;e#!"s *e es!(,le#e +$e el prese!e D"#$%e!" (#e p(r!e*e l"s rep"s&!"r&"s *"#$%e!(les *&'&!(les l( U&)ers&*(* N(#&"(lA,&er!( ( D&s!(#&( UNAD *e C"l"%,&(7


3/35


3. INDICE DE CONTENIDO

Pág.INTRODUCCIÓN

USTI!ICACIÓN

INTENCIONALIDADES !ORMATIVAS

DENOMINACIÓN DE PRACTICAS

DESCRIPCIÓN DE PRACTICAS

Prá"t#"a $: Cá%"u%o D& P&r'#%&( D& E%&)a"#*+.

Pra"t#"a 2: Carta D& S,#t-

Pra"t#"a 3: D#(&o Y S#,u%a"#*+ D& A+t&+a(

!u&+t&( /o"u,&+ta%&(

5

5

5

8

9

9

18

25

34


4/35


0. LISTADO DE TA1LAS

Ta%a No $. Cuad! "!#$aa%&'! E(%a"&!)*( *) "+,"u,! d* $*-&,*(.

Ta%a No 2: Ru&"a d* E'a,ua"&/) Ta,a N! 1.Ta%a No 3: Ru&"a d* E'a,ua"&/) Ta,a N! 2.

Ta%a No 0: Ru&"a d* E'a,ua"&/) Ta,a N! 3.

0.$ LISTADO DE GR!ICOS Y !IGURAS

!#gura No $. 0*-&, "!) "!*""&/) d*, ad&! %**(%*.

!#gura No 2. *)%a)a $&)"&$a, d* S#&% Ca% 2.

!#gura No 3. *)%a)a 0&)"&$a, 4NEC2 $*da)"&a d* *)%ada.

!#gura No 0. Ed&"&/) G*!#%&"a M!)!$!,! 9M6 4NEC2

!#gura No 4. C*a"&/) d* Fu*)%* d* C!&*)%*6 4NEC2

!#gura No 5. Ba&d! *) -*"u*)"&a6 4NEC2

!#gura No 6. R*(u,%ad!( M!)!$!,! 9M6 4NEC2


5/35


4. CARACTER7STICAS GENERALES

I+tro/u""#*+ E(%* d!"u#*)%! 72818M&"!!)da( %&*)*$! -&)a,&dad !&*)%a *, d*(a!,,! d* ,a(

$+"%&"a( d*, "u(! a"ad#&"! M&"!!)da(

:u* (* !-*"* *) ,a UNAD $aa ,!(

$!;a#a( d* E,*"%/)&"a <

T*,*"!#u)&"a"&!)*(.

A:u= (* *(%a,*"*)6 *)%* !%!( a($*"%!(6

,!( !>*%&'!(6 %*#+%&"a(6 $!"*d&*)%!( <

$!du"%!( :u* (* *($*a) *) d&"a(

a"%&'&dad*(.

E, "u(! *(%+ a"!#$a?ad! d* $+"%&"a( *

&)'*(%&;a"&!)*( :u* $!$*)d*) $! u)a

-!#a"&/) &)%*;a, d*, *(%ud&a)%* d*

M&"!!)da(6 "ada $+"%&"a $!$u*(%a %&*)*

u) "!)%*@%! d* a$,&"a"&/) *a, :u* $*#&%*

&)"*#*)%a ,a( "!#$*%*)"&a( ,a!a,*( d*

,!( *(%ud&a)%*(.

E(trat&g#a /& a8r&+/#9a&: La *(%a%*;&a d* a$*)d&a>* $aa *,d*(a!,,! d* ,a( u)&dad*( < a"%&'&dad*( d*,"u(! *( A$*)d&a>* Ba(ad! *)

0!! u)a

#&ada d*, a$*)d&a>* au%/)!#!6

(&;)&-&"a%&'! < "!,a!a%&'! "!) *,

d*(a!,,! d* "!#$*%*)"&a(

"!#u)&"a%&'a(6 a&,&dad*( d*

a;u#*)%a"&/) < d*a%*6 $!#u*'* *,

$*)(a#&*)%! "=%&"! a %a'( d*, u(! d*

(&%ua"&!)*( *(u*,%a( a %a'( d*, d*(a!,,!d* u) $!* "aa, d* (u "!)%*)&d! *:u&**

,a *>*"u"&/) d* a"%&'&dad*( $+"%&"a( $aa

"u*"u"&/) ,a U)&'*(&dad &)'&*%*


6/35


$!%a)%*( *"u(!(.

I+t&+"#o+a%#/a/&( 'or,at#)a( Propósitos

• Qu* *, *(%ud&a)%* "!#$*)da

"aa,#*)%* *, -u)"&!)a#&*)%! d* ,!("!#$!)*)%*( d* (&(%*#a d* #&"!!)da(

< ad&!*),a"*(.

• Qu* *, *(%ud&a)%* #a)*>*

"!)(%u"%&'a#*)%* ,a( d&-**)"&a( *)%*

,! %*/&"! < ,! $+"%&"!6 (u$*a)d! *,

"!)-,&"%! < ,a -u(%a"&/) )!#a, :u* (*

;*)*a a, "!)-!)%a *(u,%ad!( d*

,a!a%!&!.

• 0!$!)* $+"%&"a( :u* $*#&%a) *,

d*(a!,,! &)%*;a, d*, *(%ud&a)%* *) ,a(

#&"!!)da(6 #*d&a)%* ,a a$,&"a"&/) d*

,a( #&(#a( *) (&%ua"&!)*( &$!%%&"a(

#u< (&,a*( a ,a *a,&dad.

Objetivos

• D!%a a, E(%ud&a)%* d* ,!( "!)!"&*)%!(

< d*(%*a( +(&"a( )*"*(a&a( :u* ,*

$*#&%a) a)a,&a6 *'a,ua6 "!#$aa6

#a)%*)* < !$*a S&(%*#a( d*

M&"!!)da(.

• Ad:u&& *,*#*)%!( d* a)+,&(&( :u* ,*

$*#&%a) *a,&a d&a;)/(%&"!( <

"!)(&d*a"&!)*( *) u) $!


7/35


a(&;)a%ua(6 d*(d* u) $u)%! d* '&(%a

a$,&"a%&'!.

• E@$,&"a ,!( "!)"*$%!(6 %*#&)!,!;=a( <

%")&"a( *,a"&!)ada( "!) *, ad&!

$,a))&);.

• R*a,&a u)a &)%!du""&/) a ,a

!$%&a"&/) < *@$a)(&/) d* *d*(

&)a,+#&"a(.

• 0!$!"&!)a ,!( "!)!"&*)%!( +(&"!(

$aa *, %aa>! d* d&(*?! a(ad! *)

*a#&*)%a( "!#$u%a"&!)a,*(.

• Id*)%&-&"a ,!( -a"%!*( ",a'*( :u*&)%*'&*)*) *) ,a $,a)*a"&/) < d&(*?! d*

*d*( &)a,+#&"a(

• A$,&"a ,!( "!)!"&*)%!( *)

ad&!$!$a;a"&/) < *) %+-&"!6 a, d&(*?!

d* *d*( &)a,+#&"a(.

• A)a,&a ,!( *:u*&*)%!( d*

&)-a(%u"%ua "a,*ada $aa (!$!%* a ,a

*d 7"!* d* *d

• D*("&& #*%!d!,/;&"a <

(*"u*)"&a,#*)%* *, $!"*(! d*

$,a)*a"&/) < d&(*?! d* *d*(

&)a,+#&"a(.

• C!#$*)d* ,a *,a"&/) d* ,!(

$a+#*%!( d* a)"! d* a)da6

"a$a"&dad6 < "!*%ua6 "!) ,a "a,&dad

d*, (*'&"&! < *, "!(%! d* $,*#*)%a"&/)d* ,a *d.

Competencias

• R*a,&a"&/) d* u) ,&) ud;*% < (u

*($*"%&'! a>u(%*.


8/35


• D*(%*a *) ,a a$,&"a"&/) d*

#*%!d!,!;=a( d* $,a)*a"&/) < d&(*?! d*

*d*( &)a,+#&"a( *) d&'*(!(

a#&*)%*(.

• C!)!"&*)%! < a&,&dad $aa *, %aa>!

"!) *a#&*)%a( (!-%a* *@&(%*)%*(

:u* a(&(%*) ,!( $!"*(!( d* d&(*?!.

• Ha&,&dad $aa !$%&a *"u(!( *

&)"*#*)%a ,a *-&"&*)"&a6 "a,&dad <

"a$a"&dad *) *d*(


9/35


5. DESCRIPCIÓN DE PRCTICAS

PRACTICA No. $ CÁLCULO DE PERFILES DE ELEVACI!

T&$! d* $a"%&"a

0*(*)"&a, Au%!d&&;&da @ R*#!%a

0!"*)%a>* d* *'a,ua"&/) $%,r(s ( pr",le%(s *e#"%$(#&"es (l *es(rr"ll" *e (#!&)&*(*es*e pl(e(#&/ *&se?" (p">*"se e el#""#&%&e!" +$e ( se !&ee *e l(s!e#"l"'(s e l(s ,(ses !e/r(s (*+$&r&*(s*$r(!e l( #(rrer( e %e!"*"l"'(s pr"p&(sp(r( el *es(rr"ll" *e es!(s (#!&)&*(*es +$e&#l$e l( $!&l&=(#&/ *e s";!@(reespe#&(l&=(*"7 T"*" l" (!er&"r p(r( ;(#&l&!(r

p"s!er&"r%e!e l(s ;(ses *e &%ple%e!(#&/+$e le se'$&r> (l *&se?" e l"s pr"e#!"s *e!ele#"%$(#&"es7

O&t#)o(

• Id*)%&-&"a < d*-&)& ,!( $&)"&$a,*( $a+#*%!(6

*,*#*)%!( < *:u&$!( :u* "aa"%*&a) <"!#$!)*) u) ad&!*),a"*.

• Ma)*>a * &)%*$*%a ,a( *"!#*)da"&!)*(

&)%*)a"&!)a,*( (!* d&(*?! < a)+,&(&( d*ad&!*),a"*(

• R*a,&a "+,"u,!( d* a,a)"* d* $!%*)"&a <

d&($!)&&,&dad.

M&ta(

• 0*(*)%a a, a)+,&(&( d* *:u*&*)%!( "!#!


10/35


11/35


;$*(%e!(r !"*"s l"s #>l#$l"s e;e#!$(*"s p(r( e)(l$(r l(s pr*&*(s +$e(;e#!( ( $ r(*&"el(#e es el perl le)(!(*" e!re l"s *"s e.!re%"s*el %&s%" es *e#&r e!re el !r(s%&s"r el re#ep!"r7 E es!( pr>#!( sepre!e*e +$e el (l$%" (pre*( ( #(l#$l(r $ perl e!re *"s p$!"s

#$(l+$&er( s&e*" #""#&*( l( p"s&/ *e s!"s e $ s&s!e%( *e#""r*e(*(s7D&("r#8"#*+ /& %a 8ra"t#"a

L( ,(se pr&#&p(l s",re l( +$e se )( ( ;$*(%e!(r !"*"s l"s #>l#$l"se;e#!$(*"s p(r( e)(l$(r l(s pr*&*(s +$e (;e#!( ( $ r(*&"el(#e es elperl le)(!(*" e!re l"s *"s e.!re%"s *el %&s%" es *e#&r e!re el!r(s%&s"r el re#ep!"r7 E es!( pr>#!( se pre!e*e +$e el (l$%"(pre*( ( #(l#$l(r $ perl e!re *"s p$!"s #$(l+$&er( s&e*" #""#&*(l( p"s&/ *e s!"s e $ s&s!e%( *e #""r*e(*(s7R&"ur(o( a ut#%#9ar &+ %a 8rá"t#"a BEu#8o( #+(tru,&+to(

Se re+$&ere $ #"%p$!(*"r *e es#r&!"r&" p"r es!$*&(!e #"e.&/ (&!ere!7 T(%,& se p$e*e re(l&=(r #" $ p"r!(!&l *es*e l( #(s( *eles!$*&(!e7So'tFar& a ut#%#9ar &+ %a 8ra"t#"a

er!= M(pper *e ATDI )ers&/ De%" Se re+$&ere $ s&s!e%( "per(!&)"#" (##es" ( I!ere! " &%p"r!( s& es @&*"@s " L&$.7M&to/o%ogía

Conocimiento previo para el esarrollo e la pr!ctica"

E 'eer(l !e%(s pr"p$es!"s e l"s #$rs"s *e Mr""*(s7

#orma e tra$a%o:

El es!$*&(!e p$e*e !r(,((r e l( U&)ers&*(* #" l( (s&s!e#&( *e $!$!"r " *e ;"r%( )&r!$(l s&e%pre #$(*" *&sp"'( *e l"s %e*&"se#es(r&"s p(r( el *es(rr"ll" *el !r(,("7 L"s es!$*&(!es *e #(*( CEAD*e,e ;"r%(r 'r$p"s #" " %>s *e #&#" es!$*&(!es +$e es!%(!r$l(*"s e el #$rs" Mr""*(s7 Op"r!$(%e!e #(*( CEAD (r>p5,l( l( pr"'r(%(#&/ ;e#(s "r(r&"s s&!&" *e !r(,(" *e pr>#!(s

*e l"s #$rs"s %e!"*"l/'"s7 L"s es!$*&(!es *e,e prese!(rse (#$%pl&r #" l(s ses&"es (s&'(*(s (l #$rs" p(r( *es(rr"ll(r es!((#!&)&*(* pr>#!(7Es e#es(r&" +$e l"s es!$*&(!es lle)e l"s ele%e!"s e#es(r&"s #l(r"s l"s #"#ep!"s pr"#e*&%&e!" +$e )( ( *es(rr"ll(r7 S& *&sp"e*el s";!@(re es (#"se(,le +$e lle)e el %"!(e l&s!" #" el *e'((r !&e%p"7U( )e= el !$!"r e#(r'(*" *e l( pr>#!( les * l(s e.pl(#&"es


12/35


,>s(s re#"%e*(#&"es ( +$e (( l$'(r l"s es!$*&(!es *el 'r$p"#"%ple!(r> el %"!(e *e #(*( $( *e l(s #"'$r(#&"es s"l&!(*(s l( s$s!e!(r> *e,&*(%e!e (l&%e!(*( e per;e#!" ;$#&"(%&e!"(l !$!"r prese!e +$& !"%(r> "!( *e es!e pr"#es" p(r( (s&'(rp"s!er&"r%e!e l( "!( #"rresp"*&e!e7

E el ;"r" *el !r(,(" #"l(,"r(!&)" se p$,l(r> l( pr"'r(%(#&/ *e l(sses&"es *e pr>#!( +$e s$%&&s!re #(*( CEAD7 El #"rre" &!er" *el($l( es $ %e*&" e#&e!e p(r( +$e l"s es!$*&(!es re(le l(s#"s$l!(s *&re#!(%e!e (l D&re#!"r *el #$rs"7

&roceimiento:

L( ,(se pr&#&p(l s",re l( +$e se )( ( ;$*(%e!(r !"*"s l"s #>l#$l"se;e#!$(*"s p(r( e)(l$(r l(s pr*&*(s +$e (;e#!( ( $ r(*&"el(#e es elperl le)(!(*" e!re l"s *"s e.!re%"s *el %&s%" es *e#&r e!re el

!r(s%&s"r el re#ep!"r7 E es!( pr>#!( se pre!e*e +$e el (l$%"(pre*( ( #(l#$l(r $ perl e!re *"s p$!"s #$(l+$&er( s&e*" #""#&*(l( p"s&/ *e s!"s e $ s&s!e%( *e #""r*e(*(s7L( represe!(#&/ *e l"s perles *el !erre" se e;e#!5( lle)(*" l(s#"!(s *e l"s p$!"s s",re $( le( *e ,(se " F#$r)( *e (l!$r( #er"p(r(,/l( +$e represe!( l( #$r)(!$r( *e l( T&err( #!&( #" r(*&"HR07 L( "r*e(*( *e es!( #$r)( p(r( l( (,s#&s( 'er( . se *e"%&(Fe#( e+$&)(le ( l( pr"!$,er(#&( *e l( T&err(7 Ll(%>*"l( ("r(;. se !&ee:

D"*e ;. es!> e % *-. e H%7 H es el ;(#!"r *e #"rre##&/ *el r(*&"!erres!re p(r( !eer e #$e!( el e;e#!" *e re;r(##&/ (!%"s;r(7 EEsp(?( se s$ele !"%(r HJ4K97E l( '$r( 1 se ( represe!(*" $ perl (!e*&e*" ( es!"sp(r>%e!r"s7


13/35


Figura No 1. Perfl con corrección del radio terrestre.

L( (l!$r( =. s",re l( "r&="!(l *e $ p$!" 'er" *el !erre" P ($( *&s!(#&( . *el!r(s%&s"r es &'$(l ( s$ #"!( 'e"'r>#( #. %>s l( e#( ;.:=.J#.;.

Tr(*&"(l%e!e l"s perles se represe!( ( p(r!&r *e *(!"s ",!e&*"s%($(l%e!e *e %(p(s !"p"'r>#"s7 Es!"s represe!( el !erre" *e$( ="( 'e"'r>#( ( $( es#(l( *e!er%&(*( e ;"r%( *e re!#$l(!r&*&%es&"(l #" #""r*e(*(s UTM: l( #"!( 7

P(r( le)(!(r $ perl *el !erre" se'$&re%"s l"s s&'$&e!es p(s"s:

• L"#(l&=(#&/ s",re el %(p( *e l"s p$!"s *"*e se e#$e!r( l(ses!(#&"es !r(s%&s"r( re#ep!"r( ( p(r!&r *e s$s #""r*e(*(s7

• U&r (%,"s p$!"s #" $( re#!( s",re el %(p( !"p"'r>#"7

• L"#(l&=(r l"s p$!"s *e &!erse##&/ *e l( re#!( (!er&"r #" l(s #$r)(s*e &)el *el pl("7

• De!er%&(r l( *&s!(#&( e!re #(*( p$!" #"se#$!&)"7 Es!" se p$e*e(#er #" $( re'l( " es#(l%e!r" !e&e*" e #$e!( l( es#(l( *el%(p(7

• Represe!(r *e %"*" "r*e(*" #(*( p$!" *e l( re#!( (!er&"r e $

ee #(r!es&(": e el ee *e (,s#&s(s l( *&s!(#&( "r&="!(l e!re(!e( !r(s%&s"r( #(*( p$!" *e l( re#!( e "r*e(*(s l( #"!(*e #(*( p$!"7

• A?(*&r ( l(s #"!(s *el ee #(r!es&(" l( e#( ;. p(r( !eer e #$e!(l( #$r)(!$r( *e l( !&err(7

• U&r l"s p$!"s *el ee #(r!es&("7


14/35


E l( pr>#!( es!e pr"#es" se s$ele &%ple%e!(r p"r %e*&" *e s";!@(re*&se?(*" p(r( l( pl(&#(#&/ *e R(*&"el(#es7 Es!"s pr"'r(%(s s$ele!r(,((r %"*el"s *&'&!(les *el !erre" MDT ( p(r!&r *e l"s #$(les s"#(p(#es *e 'eer(r #(l#$l(r l(s represe!(#&"es perles *el !erre"

per!&e!es s& %>s +$e *e&r l(s #""r*e(*(s *e l(s es!(#&"es!r(s%&s"r(s re#ep!"r(s7

P(r( %"s!r(r el $s" *e es!e !&p" *e s";!@(re se )( ( e%ple(r el er!=M(pper *e ATDI )ers&/ De%"7 Es!e s";!@(re *e ;>#&l %(e" "sper%&!e #(l#$l(r el perl *e ele)(#&/ *el !erre" e!re *"s p$!"s*e&*"s p"r s$s #""r*e(*(s 'e"'r>#(s7 (%"s ( re(l&=(r el #>l#$l"*el perl *e ele)(#&/ ($*>*""s *e es!e s";!@(re7 P(r( ell" s&'("r*e(*(%e!e l"s p(s"s +$e se *es#r&,e ( #"!&$(#&/:

• Des#(r'$e el Hertz Mapper *el s&!&"

http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/ e es!e p$e*e *es#(r'(r !(!"

el s";!@(re #"%" l( le#&( *e re'&s!r" *el s";!@(re $ !$!"r&(l e el

%(e" *el s";!@(re7

• L$e'" *e *es#(r'(*" &s!(le ee#$!e el Hertz Mapper p$lse s",re

l( )e!(( *e prese!(#&/ *el pr"'r(%(7

• (( (l %e5 Files - File !erver 7 El&( el *&re#!"r&" *"*e '$(r*(r>

el #er" #" l"s #>l#$l"s *el r(*&"el(#e ( #"!&$(#&/ es#r&,( el( )e!(( e%er'e!e radioenlace p$lse e el ,"!/ “"uardar 7

De es!e %"*" (#(,(%"s *e #re(r $ #er" *e pr"e#!" ll(%(*"

radioenlace.svr

• E )e!(( *e pes!(?( @"rQsp(#e p$ls(r #" el r(!/ s",re F#igital

$errain Model l$e'" 2 )e#es s",re Fnone.geo7 E l( )e!((

e%er'e!e &!r"*$#&r el s&'$&e!e "%,re *e (r#&)"

http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/N%&'(().geo p$ls(r e el ,"!/FOK 7 Re(l&=(r l( %&s%( "per(#&/ e FPrimary image” e &!r"*$#&r:

http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/N%&'(().i*g p"r 5l!&%" &!r"*$#&r

http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/N%&'(().pal e l( )e!((

e%er'e!e *e !!$l" FOpen palette fle S& " #"s&'$e (,r&r *el %"*"

http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/


15/35


*es#r&!" l"s #er"s #" l( !"p"'r(;( (,r( el &!ere! E.pl"rer

es#r&,( e el #(%p" *e *&re##&/:

http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/N%&'(().zip *e es!( ;"r%( se

*es#(r'(r> l"s 9 #er"s #" l( !"p"'r(;( (l *&s#" *$r" *e s$ PC7• M(r#(r l( "p#&/ F+pen coverage , profles p$ls(r el ,"!/ OQ7

• Se (,re s&%$l!>e(%e!e *"s )e!((s #" l( !"p"'r(;( *&'&!(l *e l(

pr")&#&( *e Pontevedra e Esp(?(7 C" el %e5 *e Fiew p"*e%"s

($%e!(r " *&s%&$&r el =""%7 S& %")e%"s el p$!er" *el r(!/ s",re

#$(l+$&er( *e l"s 2 pl("s se p$e*e leer e l( ,(rr( &;er&"r *e l(

p(!(ll( l(s #""r*e(*(s e ;"r%(!" UTM DMS l( (l!$r( s",re el

&)el *el %(r *e l( p"s&/ *el pl(" s",re l( +$e se e#$e!r( elp$!er" *el r(!/7 P$e*e &spe##&"(r l"s *&s!&!"s %e5s *&sp"&,les

l( %("r( *e l(s "p#&"es " s" (##es&,les ( +$e se !r(!( *e $(

)ers&/ De%" *el s";!@(re7

• P$lse #" el ,"!/ &=+$&er*" *el r(!/ s",re $ p$!" #$(l+$&er( *el

pl(" e el %e5 e%er'e!e sele##&"e l( "p#&/ F dd site-

$hrough co-ordinates7 E l( )e!(( e%er'e!e &!r"*$=#( l(s

#""r*e(*(s e l(s +$e se e#$e!r( l( es!(#&/ A7 A!es *e

&!r"*$#&rl(s sele##&"e e F"rid in el ;"r%(!" *e l(s #""r*e(*(s

(*e#$(*" se'5 l"s *(!"s +$e se !"%( *e l(s #""r*e(*(s

(!er&"res7

• U( )e= &!r"*$#&*(s l(s #""r*e(*(s *e l( es!(#&/ el pr"'r(%(

s"l&!( +$e se *e( el res!" *e l"s p(r>%e!r"s rel(#&"(*"s #" l(

es!(#&/ !r(s%&s"r(: *&('r(%(s *e r(*&(#&/ *e l( (!e( p"!e#&(

*e !r(s%&s&/ (l!$r( *e l( (!e( e!#7 I!r"*$=#( l( (l!$r( *e l(

(!e( e l( #(s&ll( FHeight (#ep!e el res!" *e p(r>%e!r"s p"r

*e;e#!"7 Es#r&,( A e l( #(s&ll( Fna*e

• U( )e= *e&*( s",re el pl(" l( es!(#&/ A re(le l( %&s%(

"per(#&/ *el p(s" (!er&"r p(r( *e&r l( es!(#&/ B7 U( )e=

*e&*(s (p(re#er> s",re el pl(" $ #$(*r(*" r"" #" el "%,re *e


16/35


#(*( $(7 Se p$e*e sele##&"(r #"l"#(*" el r(!/ e#&%( *el ""

#(%,&( e!"#es (l #"l"r (=$l p$ls(*" el ,"!/ &=+$&er*" *el

r(!/7 E l( )e!(( e%er'e!e se sele##&"( el "%,re *e l(

es!(#&/ (p(re#e )(r&(s "p#&"es: #" F$0 para*eters se p$e*e#(%,&(r s$ p"s&/ p(r>%e!r"s +$e l( *ee7

• Sele##&"e $( *e l(s es!(#&"es el&( l( "p#&/ FProfle7 Lle)e l(

le( +$e (p(re#e *e %"*" +$e $( (%,(s es!(#&"es7 E!"#es p$lse

#" el r(!/ (p(re#er> el perl *e ele)(#&/ e!re (%,(s es!(#&"es7

E es!e perl ( se !&ee e #$e!( $ ;(#!"r *e #"rre##&/ HJ4K9

#"%" #"rresp"*e ( Esp(?(7

• S",re el perl *e ele)(#&/ )ere%"s (*e%>s l"s *"s pr&%er"s

el&ps"&*es *e resel l( "r&e!(#&/ /p!&%( *e l( (!e( !r(s%&s"r(

l( *&s!(#&( *el )("7 A*e%>s e l( p(r!e &;er&"r *e l( p(!(ll( )er> el

*espe(%&e!" el r(*&" %>.&%" *el pr&%er el&ps"&*e *e resel7 C"

l"s ""s p"*e%"s (l!er(r *&>%(%e!e )(r&"s *e l"s p(r>%e!r"s

s",re el perl p(r( )er #/%" #(%,&( el r(*&"el(#e7

• I&(l%e!e p(r!( *e l( %&%( l"'&!$* *e %>s!&l !JrJ1%

re(le )(r&"s #>l#$l"s *el r(*&" *e l( pr&%er( ="( *e resel el

*espe(%&e!" )(r& l( (l!$r( *e l(s (!e(s p(r( ",!eer )(r&(s

%e*&"es *e l( ="( *e resel p(r( el %&s%" el(#e7

• C"%p(r el perl *e ele)(#&/ res$l!(!e *el Hertz Mapper #" el

+$e (,( ",!e&*" &&(l%e!e rellee l( !(,l( #" l"s res$l!(*"s

*el Hertz Mapper #"%p>rel( #" l(s "!r(s %e*&"es *e l"s )(r&(s

(l!$r(s *e l(s (!e(s7 E #(s" *e +$e e.&s!( *&;ere#&(s &!e!e

e#"!r(r $( e.pl(#&/7

Ta$la No '" C(aro Comparativo" S#(t&,a /& E)a%ua"#*+


17/35


L( pr>#!( se #(l&#(r> #$(*" el es!$*&(!e res$el)( l(s pre'$!(spl(!e(*(s e l( *es#r&p#&/ *e l( pr>#!( %e*&(!e l( pre)&(prese!(#&/ *el &;"r%e *e l(,"r(!"r&" e $( es#(l( *e 1 ( 7 L$e'"

l(s "!(s ser> e)&(*(s (l *&re#!"r *e #$rs" p(r( pr"#e*er ( l(p$!(#&/ e el #(%p$s )&r!$(l7P(r( l( e)(l$(#&/ se !e*r> e #$e!( l"s s&'$&e!es (spe#!"s:P(r!&p(#&/ (#!&)( prese#&(l e el l(,"r(!"r&"7I;"r%e es#r&!" s$s!e!(#&/ *e #(*( pr>#!(7I+'or,& o 8ro/u"to( a &+tr&gar

Se e!re'(r> $ &;"r%e *e l(,"r(!"r&" +$e #"!e*r> l(s pre'$!(s;"r%$l(*(s e l(s pr>#!(s el pr"#e*&%&e!" se'$&*" p(r( ",!eer l"s*(!"s7 De,e e!re'(rl" e ;"r%(!" *&'&!(l (l !$!"r l"#(l (l !$!"r *el

#$rs"7Es e#es(r&" +$e %e*&(!e el s&%$l(*"r re#"%e*(*" $ "!r" s&%&l(r ses&%$le !"*(s l(s #"'$r(#&"es pl(!e(*(s e l(s '$(s "&%ple%e!(rl(s s& es p"s&,le e ;"r%( ;s(7 L(s &%>'ees *el s&%$l(*"r" #$(l+$&er e)&*e#&( *e *es(rr"ll" *e l( (#!&)&*(* se *e,e &#"rp"r(!(%,& e el &;"r%e *e pr>#!(7R&troa%#,&+ta"#*+

E el #(%p$s )&r!$(l *el #$rs" se #re(r> $ ;"r" p(r( re!r"(l&%e!(r l(pr>#!( p$,l(r l"s res$l!(*"s7 T(%,& se #re(r> $ !e%( p(r(

pre'$!(s resp$es!(s7 De,e !eerse e #$e!( +$e l(s ;e#(s *eee#$#&/ *e l(s pr>#!(s *epe*e *e l( pr"'r(%(#&/ +$e re(l&=(#(*( CEAD p"r l" !(!" l( ;e#( *e p$,l(#&/ *e "!(s *el#"%p"e!e pr>#!" *epe*er> !(%,& *e *( pr"'r(%(#&/7


18/35


PRACTICA No. 2 Carta /& S,#t-

T&$! d* $a"%&"a

0*(*)"&a, Au%!d&&;&da @ R*#!%a

0!"*)%a>* d* *'a,ua"&/) $%e!r"s *e l(s le(se%ple(*" l( C(r!( *e S%&! re(l&=(r(*(p!(#&/ *e &%pe*(#&(s %e*&(!e#"r!"#&r#$&!" )(r&(,le le(s #" per*&*(s7

C""#er e!e*er l( #(r!( *e S%&! (s #"%" s$s (pl(#&"es e el (>l&s&s *e le(s*e !r(s%&s&/7P(r( es!( pr>#!( se $!&l&=(r> el pr"'r(%(

S%&! C(r! 270 +$e per%&!e ((l&=(r l((*(p!(#&/ *e &%pe*(#&(s %e*&(!e l( #(r!(*e S%&!7

O&t#)o(

A, -&)a,&a *(%a $+"%&"a *, a,u#)! (*+ "a$a d*

• Fa#&,&a&a"&/) "!) *, #a)*>! d* ,a Ca%a d*

S#&%.

• C!)!"* < *)%*)d* ,a "a%a d* S#&%6 a(= "!#!

(u( a$,&"a"&!)*( *) *, a)+,&(&( d* ,=)*a( d*%a)(#&(&/).

• Id*)%&-&"a < d*-&)& ,!( $&)"&$a,*( $a+#*%!(6

*,*#*)%!( < *:u&$!( :u* "aa"%*&a) <"!#$!)*) u)a ,=)*a d* %a)(#&(&/).

• O%*)* ,a( $d&da( $! d&(&$a"&/) d* "a,! *)

,=)*a( d* %a)(#&(&/) *a,*(.

• Caa"%*&a d&"a( $d&da( /#&"a( #*d&a)%*


19/35


u) $a+#*%! d*)!#&)ad! "!)(%a)%* d*$!$a;a"&/).

• I)%*$*%a *, "!#$!%a#&*)%! d* ,a( $d&da( *)

-u)"&/) d* ,a -*"u*)"&a < "!)du"%&'&dad d* ,!(#a%*&a,*(.

M&ta(

• 0*(*)%a a, a)+,&(&( d* *:u*&*)%!( "!#!

$u)%! d* $a%&da $aa ,a $,a)*a"&/) d* ,=)*a( d*%a)(#&(&/).

• R*%!#a "!)"*$%!( '&(%!( *) !%a( a(&;)a%ua(6

d*(d* u) $u)%! d* '&(%a a$,&"a%&'!.

• E@$,&"a ,!( "!)"*$%!(6 %*#&)!,!;=a( < %")&"a(

*,a"&!)ada( "!) ,a ada$%a"&/) d* $*da)"&a(.

•

R*a,&a u)a &)%!du""&/) a ,a !$%&a"&/) ! d* d&(*?! a(ad! *) *a#&*)%a("!#$u%a"&!)a,*(.

• C!#$*)d* ,a *,a"&/) d* ,!( $a+#*%!( d*

a)"! d* a)da6 "a$a"&dad6 < "!*%ua6 "!) ,a"a,&dad d*, (*'&"&! < *, "!(%! d* $,*#*)%a"&/)d* ,a *d.

Co,8&t&+"#a(• Ca$a"&dad $aa R*$*(*)%a"&/) d* $*da)"&a( <

ad#&%a)"&a(.

• O%*)"&/) d* $a+#*%!( d* ,a ,=)*a "!*-&"&*)%*

d* *-,*@&/)6 *,a"&/) d* !)da *(%a"&!)a&a6$*da)"&a '&(%a d*(d* u) $u)%!.

• D*(%*a *) ,a a$,&"a"&/) d* #*%!d!,!;=a( d*

$,a)*a"&/) < d&(*?! d* Ada$%a"&/) d*$*da)"&a(.

• C!)!"&*)%! < a&,&dad $aa *, %aa>! "!)

*a#&*)%a( (!-%a* *@&(%*)%*( :u* a(&(%*) ,!($!"*(!( d* d&(*?!.

• Ha&,&dad $aa !$%&a *"u(!( * &)"*#*)%a ,a

*-&"&*)"&a6 "a,&dad < "a$a"&dad *) *d*(


20/35


Te%>!(s *e l( U&*(* 27 L( #(r!( *e S%&! #"s&s!e e l(represe!(#&/ 'r>#( e el pl(" *el #"e#&e!e *e ree.&/ *e l(res&s!e#&( l( re(#!(#&( "r%(l&=(*(s7 Es!( err(%&e!( 'r>#(

per%&!e l( ",!e#&/ *e *&)ers"s p(r>%e!r"s *e l(s le(s *e!r(s%&s&/ l( res"l$#&/ *e pr",le%(s *e (*(p!(#&/ *e&%pe*(#&(s e)&!(*" l(s "per(#&"es #" 5%er"s #"%ple"s +$es$ele &%pl(r es!"s #>l#$l"s7E es!( pr>#!( se pre!e*e +$e el (l$%" (pre*( #"%" ",!eer l"sp(r>%e!r"s *e l( le(: #"e#&e!e *e ree.&/ rel(#&/ *e "*(es!(#&"(r&( &%pe*(#&( )&s!( *es*e $ p$!"7D&("r#8"#*+ /& %a 8ra"t#"a

L( #(r!( *e S%&! es $( err(%&e!( 'r>#( $s(*( p(r( rel(#&"(r $#"e#&e!e *e ree.&/ #"%ple" #" $( &%pe*(#&( #"%ple(7 L(

#(r!( *e S%&! se p$e*e $!&l&=(r p(r( $( )(r&e*(* *e pr"p/s&!"s&#l$e*" l( *e!er%&(#&/ *e l( &%pe*(#&( e%p(re(r *e l(&%pe*(#&( "p!&%&=(#&/ *el r$&*" l( es!(,&l&*(* e!#7 L( #(r!( *e S%&!es $( &'e&"s( !#( 'r>#( +$e )&r!$(l%e!e e)&!( !"*(s l(s!e*&"s(s "per(#&"es #" 5%er"s #"%ple"s7 P"r ee%pl" se p$e*e*e!er%&(r l( &%pe*(#&( *e e!r(*( ( $( le( *e !r(s%&s&/ *(*"s$ l"'&!$* el#!r( s$ &%pe*(#&( *e #(r'(7 E es!( pr>#!( sepre!e*e +$e el (l$%" (pre*( ( ",!eer l"s p(r>%e!r"s *e l(s le(se%ple(*" l( C(r!( *e S%&! re(l&=(r (*(p!(#&/ *e &%pe*(#&(s%e*&(!e #"r!"#&r#$&!" )(r&(,le le(s #" per*&*(s7

P(r( es!( pr>#!( se $!&l&=(r> el pr"'r(%( S%&! C(r! 270 +$e per%&!e((l&=(r l( (*(p!(#&/ *e &%pe*(#&(s %e*&(!e l( #(r!( *e S%&!7R&"ur(o( a ut#%#9ar &+ %a 8rá"t#"a BEu#8o( #+(tru,&+to(

Se re+$&ere $ #"%p$!(*"r *e es#r&!"r&" p"r es!$*&(!e #"e.&/ (&!ere!7 T(%,& se p$e*e re(l&=(r #" $ p"r!>!&l *es*e l( #(s( *eles!$*&(!e7So'tFar& a ut#%#9ar &+ %a 8ra"t#"a

P(r( es!( pr>#!( se $!&l&=(r> el pr"'r(%( S%&! C(r! 270 +$e per%&!e((l&=(r l( (*(p!(#&/ *e &%pe*(#&(s %e*&(!e l( #(r!( *e S%&!7

)ers&/ De%" Se re+$&ere $ s&s!e%( "per(!&)" #" (##es" ( I!ere!" &%p"r!( s& es @&*"@s " L&$.7M&to/o%ogía


Es!$*&" *e l"s #"#ep!"s ,>s"s *e l( C(r!( *e S%&!: C"s!r$##&/7


21/35


Represe!(#&/ *e &%pe*(#&(s (*%&!(#&(s7 O,!e#&/ *e p(r>%e!r"s *e l( le(: #"e#&e!e *e ree.&/ rel(#&/*e "*( es!(#&"(r&( &%pe*(#&( )&s!( *es*e $ p$!"7 A*(p!(#&/ *e &%pe*(#&(s7

#orma e tra$a%o:

El es!$*&(!e p$e*e !r(,((r e l( U&)ers&*(* #" l( (s&s!e#&( *e $!$!"r " *e ;"r%( )&r!$(l s&e%pre #$(*" *&sp"'( *e l"s %e*&"se#es(r&"s p(r( el *es(rr"ll" *el !r(,("7 L"s es!$*&(!es *e #(*( CEAD*e,e ;"r%(r 'r$p"s #" " %>s *e #&#" es!$*&(!es +$e es!%(!r$l(*"s e el #$rs" Mr""*(s7 Op"r!$(%e!e #(*( CEAD (r>p5,l( l( pr"'r(%(#&/ ;e#(s "r(r&"s s&!&" *e !r(,(" *e pr>#!(s*e l"s #$rs"s %e!"*"l/'"s7 L"s es!$*&(!es *e,e prese!(rse (#$%pl&r #" l(s ses&"es (s&'(*(s (l #$rs" p(r( *es(rr"ll(r es!((#!&)&*(* pr>#!(7

Es e#es(r&" +$e l"s es!$*&(!es lle)e l"s ele%e!"s e#es(r&"s #l(r"s l"s #"#ep!"s pr"#e*&%&e!" +$e )( ( *es(rr"ll(r7 S& *&sp"e*el s";!@(re es (#"se(,le +$e lle)e el %"!(e l&s!" #" el *e'((r !&e%p"7U( )e= el !$!"r e#(r'(*" *e l( pr>#!( les * l(s e.pl(#&"es,>s(s re#"%e*(#&"es ( +$e (( l$'(r l"s es!$*&(!es *el 'r$p"#"%ple!(r> el %"!(e *e #(*( $( *e l(s #"'$r(#&"es s"l&!(*(s l( s$s!e!(r> *e,&*(%e!e (l&%e!(*( e per;e#!" ;$#&"(%&e!"(l !$!"r prese!e +$& !"%(r> "!( *e es!e pr"#es" p(r( (s&'(rp"s!er&"r%e!e l( "!( #"rresp"*&e!e7E el ;"r" *el !r(,(" #"l(,"r(!&)" se p$,l(r> l( pr"'r(%(#&/ *e l(s

ses&"es *e pr>#!( +$e s$%&&s!re #(*( CEAD7 El #"rre" &!er" *el($l( es $ %e*&" e#&e!e p(r( +$e l"s es!$*&(!es re(le l(s#"s$l!(s *&re#!(%e!e (l D&re#!"r *el #$rs"7

&roceimiento:

L( #(r!( *e S%&! #"s&s!e e l( represe!(#&/ 'r>#( e el pl(" *el#"e#&e!e *e ree.&/ *e l( res&s!e#&( l( re(#!(#&( "r%(l&=(*(s7Es!( err(%&e!( 'r>#( per%&!e l( ",!e#&/ *e *&)ers"s p(r>%e!r"s*e l(s le(s *e !r(s%&s&/ l( res"l$#&/ *e pr",le%(s *e (*(p!(#&/*e &%pe*(#&(s e)&!(*" l(s "per(#&"es #" 5%er"s #"%ple"s +$e

s$ele &%pl(r es!"s #>l#$l"s7

P(r( es!( pr>#!( se $!&l&=(r> el pr"'r(%( S%&! C(r! 270 +$e per%&!e((l&=(r l( (*(p!(#&/ *e &%pe*(#&(s %e*&(!e l( #(r!( *e S%&! %e*&(!e l(s e#$(#&"es *e l(s le(s *e !r(s%&s&/7Des#(r'$e el S%&! C(r! 270 *el s&!&" !!p:KK@@@7'rp7!s#7$)&'"7esKr!)sKe es!e p$e*e *es#(r'(r !(!" el s";!@(re #"%" l( le#&( *e re'&s!r"*el s";!@(re $ !$!"r&(l e el %(e" *el s";!@(re7 L$e'" *e

http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/http://www.grp.tsc.uvigo.es/rtvs/


22/35


*es#(r'(*" &s!(le ee#$!e el S%&! C(r! 270 p$lse s",re l()e!(( *e prese!(#&/ *el pr"'r(%( re(le l"s s&'$&e!esreprese!(#&"es7

#i)(ra No *" Ventana principal e Smit+ C+art V*",'"U( le( *e 0 es!> !er%&(*( p"r $( res&s!e#&( *e 90 e ser&e

#" $( re(#!(#&( #(p(#&!&)( *e 407 (ll(r:( VL ROE7, l( &%pe*(#&( *e e!r(*( s& l( l"'&!$* *e l( le( es L J 071 W7# l"s )(l"res *e l"'&!$* *e le( +$e lle)( ( $( &%pe*(#&( *e

e!r(*( p$r(%e!e res&s!&)( l"s )(l"res *e es!(s &%pe*(#&(s7

*"U,(r s",re l( #(r!( *e S%&! l(s s&'$&e!es (*%&!(#&(s:( U( res&s!e#&( RA J 107, U( re(#!(#&( &*$#!&)( B J &107# U( re(#!(#&( #(p(#&!&)( C J -&07* U( &%pe*(#&( RL ser&e D J 1 &107e U #&r#$&!" (,&er!" E J X7; U #"r!"#&r#$&!" J 07 Us(r #"%" &%pe*(#&( *e "r%(l&=(#&/ el

)(l"r 0 J 07-"D&se?(r $ #&r#$&!" *e (*(p!(#&/ e!re $ 'eer(*"r *e &%pe*(#&(

&!er( ' J 0 $( &%pe*(#&( *e #(r'( L J 2 - 1972& ( l(;re#$e#&( *e !r(,("7

Tener en c(enta .(e:


23/35


Y N" se p$e*e $!&l&=(r res&s!"res p(r( (*(p!(r &%pe*(#&(s s/l"#(p(#&!"res e &*$#!"res7Y El (*(p!(*"r *e #$(r!" *e "*( *e,e &!er#(l(rse ( $( #&er!(*&s!(#&( *e l( #(r'( p(r( ($l(r s$ p(r!e &%('&(r&(7Y P(r( ",ser)(r ;>#&l%e!e el (#" *e ,(*( es 5!&l *&,$(r s",re l(

#(r!( el #r#$l" *e ROE #"s!(!e #"rresp"*&e!e ( KVK J 072Y E el #(s" *e " l"'r(r $( (*(p!(#&/ s(!&s;(#!"r&( *e!er%&e el%>.&%" (#" *e ,(*( ",!e&,le #" !"*(s l(s #"'$r(#&"espr",(*(s7

&re)(ntas/"E el (*(p!(*"r *e *"s ele%e!"s Ze.&s!e $ 5" p(r *e ele%e!"s

+$e (*(p!( l( #(r'([0"E l"s (*(p!(*"res *e !res #$(!r" ele%e!"s Z#$>!(s p"s&,&l&*(*es

([ ZT"*(s !&ee &'$(l (#" *e ,(*([1"Es ses&,le el (*(p!(*"r S!$, (l (#" *e ,(*( *e l(s se?(les *e

&!ers[7 Me#&"e )e!((s *es)e!((s #" respe#!" (l (*(p!(*"r*e #$(r!" *e "*(7

2"A(le l( ;(#!&,&l&*(* !e#"l/'( *e (l'$( *e l(s (*(p!(#&"es#"se'$&*(s7

S#(t&,a /& E)a%ua"#*+

L( pr>#!( se #(l&#(r> #$(*" el es!$*&(!e res$el)( l(s pre'$!(spl(!e(*(s e l( *es#r&p#&/ *e l( pr>#!( %e*&(!e l( pre)&(prese!(#&/ *el &;"r%e *e l(,"r(!"r&" e $( es#(l( *e 1 ( 7 L$e'"l(s "!(s ser> e)&(*(s (l *&re#!"r *e #$rs" p(r( pr"#e*er ( l(

p$!(#&/ e el #(%p$s )&r!$(l7P(r( l( e)(l$(#&/ se !e*r> e #$e!( l"s s&'$&e!es (spe#!"s:P(r!&p(#&/ (#!&)( prese#&(l e el l(,"r(!"r&"7I;"r%e es#r&!" s$s!e!(#&/ *e #(*( pr>#!(7I+'or,& o 8ro/u"to( a &+tr&gar

Se e!re'(r> $ &;"r%e *e l(,"r(!"r&" +$e #"!e*r> l(s pre'$!(s;"r%$l(*(s e l(s pr>#!(s el pr"#e*&%&e!" se'$&*" p(r( ",!eer l"s*(!"s7 De,e e!re'(rl" e ;"r%(!" *&'&!(l (l !$!"r l"#(l (l !$!"r *el#$rs"7Es e#es(r&" +$e %e*&(!e el s&%$l(*"r re#"%e*(*" $ "!r" s&%&l(r ses&%$le !"*(s l(s #"'$r(#&"es pl(!e(*(s e l(s '$(s "&%ple%e!(rl(s s& es p"s&,le e ;"r%( ;s(7 L(s &%>'ees *els&%$l(*"r " #$(l+$&er e)&*e#&( *e *es(rr"ll" *e l( (#!&)&*(* se *e,e&#"rp"r( !(%,& e el &;"r%e *e pr>#!(7R&troa%#,&+ta"#*+

E el #(%p$s )&r!$(l *el #$rs" se #re(r> $ ;"r" p(r( re!r"(l&%e!(r l(


24/35


pr>#!( p$,l(r l"s res$l!(*"s7 T(%,& se #re(r> $ !e%( p(r(pre'$!(s resp$es!(s7 De,e !eerse e #$e!( +$e l(s ;e#(s *eee#$#&/ *e l(s pr>#!(s *epe*e *e l( pr"'r(%(#&/ +$e re(l&=(#(*( CEAD p"r l" !(!" l( ;e#( *e p$,l(#&/ *e "!(s *el

#"%p"e!e pr>#!" *epe*er> !(%,& *e *( pr"'r(%(#&/7


25/35


PRACTICA No. 3 DISEO Y SIMULACIÓN DE ANTENAS

T&$! d* $a"%&"a

0*(*)"&a, Au%!d&&;&da @ R*#!%a

0!"*)%a>* d* *'a,ua"&/) $s"s l(s&%$l(#&/ #" el s";!@(re 4NEC2 +$e&%ple%e!e el M!"*" *e l"s M"%e!"s #$( ;$#&/ se( s&%$l(r l(s #(r(#!ers!(s *er(*&(#&/ "!r"s p(r>%e!r"s *e (!e(s ('&7

C" el pr"'r(%( *e s&%$l(#&/ 4NEC2 se(ll( el p(!r/ *e r(*&(#&/ l( &%pe*(#&( *ee!r(*( *e l( (!e(7 C" l( (!e( ('&&%ple%e!(*( #" s$ p$es!( ( p$!" *e;$#&"(%&e!" se )(l&*( l"s res$l!(*"ss&%$l(*"s7

O&t#)o(

• (%&l&(r&=(#&/ #" el %(e" *el els";!@(re 4NEC27

• I*e!&#(r *e&r l"s pr&#&p(lesp(r>%e!r"s ele%e!"s e+$&p"s +$e#(r(#!er&=( #"%p"e $( (!e(7

•

I!erpre!(r el #"%p"r!(%&e!" *e l(s(!e(s e ;$#&/ *e l( ;re#$e#&( #"*$#!&)&*(* *e l"s %(!er&(les7

M&ta(

• Prese!(r (l (>l&s&s *e re+$er&%&e!"s#"%" p$!" *e p(r!&*( p(r( l( pl(e(#&/


26/35


*el *&se?" *e (!e(s7• Re!"%(r #"#ep!"s )&s!"s e "!r(s

(s&'(!$r(s *es*e $ p$!" *e )&s!((pl(!&)"7

• E.pl(r l"s #"#ep!"s !er%&"l"'(s !#(s rel(#&"(*(s #" l( (*(p!(#&/ *e&%pe*(#&(s7

• Pr"p"r#&"(r l"s #""#&%&e!"s ,>s"s p(r(el !r(,(" *e *&se?" ,(s(*" eerr(%&e!(s #"%p$!(#&"(les7

• C"%pre*er l( rel(#&/ *e l"s p(r>%e!r"s*e (#" *e ,(*( #(p(#&*(* #",er!$r(#" l( #(l&*(* *el ser)&" el #"s!" *e&%ple%e!(#&/ *e l( re*7

Co,8&t&+"#a(

El #"!e&*" *e l( pr>#!( re(l&=(*( se*es#r&,e e l"s s&'$&e!es ",e!&)"s ( #$%pl&r:• D&se?(r $( (!e( %""p"l"s "per(!e (

$( ;re#$e#&( *e 00M=7• (,r(#&/ *e *( (!e(7• O,ser)(r ((l&=(r l"s res$l!(*"s +$e "s

pr"p"r#&"( el ((l&=(*"r *e re*es *ell(,"r(!"r&"7

• S& es e#es(r&" s&!"&=(r l( (!e( p(r(l"'r(r $ *ese%pe?" /p!&%" se *e/ el#(,le es%(l!(*" %>s l(r'" #" el *e &r#"r!(*" (s!( ($s!(r l( (!e( p(r( $*ese%pe?" /p!&%"7

• C""#&%&e!" (,&l&*(* p(r( el !r(,("#" err(%&e!(s s";!@(re e.&s!e!es +$e(s&s!e l"s pr"#es"s *e *&se?"7

• (,&l&*(* p(r( "p!&%&=(r re#$rs"s e&#re%e!(r l( e#&e#&( #(l&*(* #(p(#&*(* e re*es ( *esple'(*(s7

!u+/a,&+ta"#*+ T&*r#"a

Te%>!(s *e l( U&*(* 97 E el (>l&s&s *&se?" *e (!e(s s",res(le*"s %!"*"s $%r"s *e ele#!r"%('e!&s%" #"%p$!(#&"(l CEM: el%!"*" *e l"s %"%e!"s M"M el %!"*" *e l(s *&;ere#&(s &!(s e


27/35


el *"%&&" *el !&e%p" DTD7 El $s" *el pr&%er" ( s&*" ,&ees!(,le#&*" p"r )(r&(s *#(*(s %&e!r(s +$e el p"!e#&(l *el se'$*"e !r(,(" #" (!e(s se ( #"%e=(*" ( e.pl"!(r re#&e!e%e!e7

E es!( pr>#!( se pre!e*e +$e el (l$%" (pre*( #/%" ",!eer l"sp(r>%e!r"s *e l(s (!e(s el #"%p"e!e pr&#&p(l ,(" el #"!r"l *elpl(&#(*"r *e r(*&" e !r%&"s *e *&se?" *e el(#e *e!(ll(*" es l(ANTENA7 S$s #(r(#!ers!(s 'eer(les &#l$e '((#&( re#(=" ( l(&!er;ere#&( (l!$r( s",re el &)el *el s$el" #(r'( e l( !"rre s" !"*"s;(#!"res #r!"s p(r( ",!eer $ *&se?" e.&!"s"7 P"r es!( r(=/ se*e*( $ #(p!$l" #"%ple!" ( l( (!e( s$ (l&%e!(*"r (s"#&(*" s&s!e%( ($.&l&(r7

D&("r#8"#*+ /& %a 8ra"t#"a

El es!$*&(!e re(l&=(r( l( &%ple%e!(#&/ *e $( (!e( ('& *e 4ele%e!"s +$e !r(,(e ( l( ;re#$e#&( *e 12G= #(r(#!er&=(*( #" s$sp(r>%e!r"s ,>s"s %e*&(!e l( s&%$l(#&/ #" el s";!@(re 4NEC2 +$e &%ple%e!e el M!"*" *e l"s M"%e!"s #$( ;$#&/ se( s&%$l(rl(s #(r(#!ers!(s *e r(*&(#&/ "!r"s p(r>%e!r"s *e (!e(s ('&7

E l" +$e s&'$e se *(r> $( &!r"*$##&/ (l #""#&%&e!" *e l(s(!e(s7 Se re)&s(r> el ;$#&"(%&e!" *e l(s (!e(s *es*e el p$!"*e )&s!( *e l( !e"r( ele#!r"%('!( p(r( l$e'" re)&s(r (l'$"s !&p"s*e (!e(s )er el es!(*" *el (r!e e es!( >re(7

E #$(!" (l !r(!(%&e!" *e l(s %(!er&(s se )er> e ;"r%( s&!e!&=(*(l"s !/p"s %>s &%p"r!(!es se pre!e*e +$e #" l( ($*( *e l(sre;ere#&(s el (l$%" p$e*( &r pr";$*&=(*" !(!" e !e"r( #"%" e!r(!(%&e!" %(!e%>!" l(s %(!er&(s +$e %>s le &!erese7

R&"ur(o( a ut#%#9ar &+ %a 8rá"t#"a BEu#8o( #+(tru,&+to(

Se re+$&ere $ #"%p$!(*"r *e es#r&!"r&" p"r es!$*&(!e #"e.&/ (&!ere!7 T(%,& se p$e*e re(l&=(r #" $ p"r!>!&l *es*e l( #(s( *eles!$*&(!e7

So'tFar& a ut#%#9ar &+ %a 8ra"t#"a

C" el pr"'r(%( *e s&%$l(#&/ 4NEC2 se (ll( el p(!r/ *e r(*&(#&/ l( &%pe*(#&( *e e!r(*( *e l( (!e(7 C" l( (!e( ('&&%ple%e!(*( #" s$ p$es!( ( p$!" *e ;$#&"(%&e!" se )(l&*(l"s res$l!(*"s s&%$l(*"s7 Se re+$&ere $ s&s!e%( "per(!&)" #" (##es" (I!ere! " &%p"r!( s& es @&*"@s " L&$.7M&to/o%ogía


28/35



E l" +$e s&'$e se *(r> $( &!r"*$##&/ (l #""#&%&e!" *e l(s(!e(s7 Se re)&s(r> el ;$#&"(%&e!" *e l(s (!e(s *es*e el p$!"*e )&s!( *e l( !e"r( ele#!r"%('!( p(r( l$e'" re)&s(r (l'$"s !&p"s

*e (!e(s )er el es!(*" *el (r!e e es!( >re(7E #$(!" (l !r(!(%&e!" *e l(s %(!er&(s se )er> e ;"r%( s&!e!&=(*(l"s !/p"s %>s &%p"r!(!es se pre!e*e +$e #" l( ($*( *e l(sre;ere#&(s el (l$%" p$e*( &r pr";$*&=(*" !(!" e !e"r( #"%" e!r(!(%&e!" %(!e%>!" l(s %(!er&(s +$e %>s le &!erese7#orma e tra$a%o:

El es!$*&(!e p$e*e !r(,((r e l( U&)ers&*(* #" l( (s&s!e#&( *e $!$!"r " *e ;"r%( )&r!$(l s&e%pre #$(*" *&sp"'( *e l"s %e*&"se#es(r&"s p(r( el *es(rr"ll" *el !r(,("7 L"s es!$*&(!es *e #(*( CEAD*e,e ;"r%(r 'r$p"s #" " %>s *e #&#" es!$*&(!es +$e es!

%(!r$l(*"s e el #$rs" Mr""*(s7 Op"r!$(%e!e #(*( CEAD (r>p5,l( l( pr"'r(%(#&/ ;e#(s "r(r&"s s&!&" *e !r(,(" *e pr>#!(s*e l"s #$rs"s %e!"*"l/'"s7 L"s es!$*&(!es *e,e prese!(rse (#$%pl&r #" l(s ses&"es (s&'(*(s (l #$rs" p(r( *es(rr"ll(r es!((#!&)&*(* pr>#!(7Es e#es(r&" +$e l"s es!$*&(!es lle)e l"s ele%e!"s e#es(r&"s #l(r"s l"s #"#ep!"s pr"#e*&%&e!" +$e )( ( *es(rr"ll(r7 S& *&sp"e*el s";!@(re es (#"se(,le +$e lle)e el %"!(e l&s!" #" el *e'((r !&e%p"7U( )e= el !$!"r e#(r'(*" *e l( pr>#!( les * l(s e.pl(#&"es,>s(s re#"%e*(#&"es ( +$e (( l$'(r l"s es!$*&(!es *el 'r$p"

#"%ple!(r> el %"!(e *e #(*( $( *e l(s #"'$r(#&"es s"l&!(*(s l( s$s!e!(r> *e,&*(%e!e (l&%e!(*( e per;e#!" ;$#&"(%&e!"(l !$!"r prese!e +$& !"%(r> "!( *e es!e pr"#es" p(r( (s&'(rp"s!er&"r%e!e l( "!( #"rresp"*&e!e7E el ;"r" *el !r(,(" #"l(,"r(!&)" se p$,l(r> l( pr"'r(%(#&/ *e l(sses&"es *e pr>#!( +$e s$%&&s!re #(*( CEAD7 El #"rre" &!er" *el($l( es $ %e*&" e#&e!e p(r( +$e l"s es!$*&(!es re(le l(s#"s$l!(s *&re#!(%e!e (l D&re#!"r *el #$rs"7

&roceimiento:P(r( es!( pr>#!( se $!&l&=(r> el pr"'r(%( 4NEC2 +$e per%&!e s&%$l(r

l( r(*&(#&/ *e (!e(s7Des#(r'$e el pr"'r(%( 4NEC2 *el s&!&" http://ho*e.ict.nl/arivoors/ e es!e p$e*e *es#(r'(r !(!" el s";!@(re #"%" l( le#&( *e re'&s!r"*el s";!@(re $ !$!"r&(l e el %(e" *el s";!@(re7 L$e'" *e*es#(r'(*" &s!(le ee#$!e el 4NEC2 p$lse s",re l( )e!(( *eprese!(#&/ *el pr"'r(%( re(le l"s s&'$&e!es represe!(#&"es7

El sotware 4NEC2 cuenta con una intera gr!fca donde el usuario

http://home.ict.nl/~arivoors/http://home.ict.nl/~arivoors/


29/35


tiene la opci"n de introducir los valores de las longitudes de loselementos y las distancias entre estos ya sea por medio de lascoordenadas de los elementos# o directamente di$u%ando la antenacompletamente en la intera 7 El p$!" *e res"(#&( *e $( (!e( esl( ;re#$e#&( ( l( +$e l( p(r!e &%('&(r&( *e l( &%pe*(#&( se ($l( se

(#e 07 Es!" "#$rre ( l( ;re#$e#&( ( l( +$e l( (!e( !&ee $(l"'&!$* el#!r( *e WK47 A p(r!&r *e es!" #(l#$l(%"s l( l"'&!$* *e l((!e( #"%":

L( &%pe*(#&( *e $ %""p"l" *epe*e ;$*(%e!(l%e!e *e l(

l"'&!$* el#!r( *el *&>%e!r" *el (l(%,re $!&l&=(*"7 L(s s&%$l(#&"es*e l( (!e( #" l"s p(r>%e!r"s ",!e&*"s #" l"s #>l#$l"s #" (l'$"s($s!es pe+$e?"s se e#$e!r( ( #"!&$(#&/:

#i)(ra No -" Ventana &rincipal /NEC* impeancia e entraa"

Se $!&l&=" el s&%$l(*"r p(r( r(*&(#&/ *e (!e(s 4NEC2 *"*e se&&(,( #"%" %$es!r( l( '$r( N" 9 ( p(r!&r *e l( e*&/ e 9D se",!e( $( )e!(( *e!(ll(*( *"*e er( p"s&,le *es#r&,&r l( ;"r%( *el


30/35


%""p"l" &'$r( N" 47

!#gura No 0H E/#"#*+ G&o,tr#"a Mo+o8o%o J


31/35


!#gura No 5H 1arr#/o &+ 'r&"u&+"#aH 0NEC2

P(r( re(l&=(r $ ,(rr&*" e ;re#$e#&( se (,re l( )e!(( *e *&(l"'" +$ese %$es!r( e l( '$r( N" 3 ( p(r!&r *el #$(l se !&ee l"s s&'$&e!esres$l!(*"s:

\()ele'! J 07999%I%pe*(#&(J 9071 – 2278S\R 0 J 2714E#&e#&( J 100]R(*&(* E^7 J 9729]A*e%>s *e "!r(s #(r(#!ers!(s pr"p&(s *el *&se?" +$e se %$es!r( e l(

'$r( N" _7 P(r( l(s espe#&#(#&"es re+$er&*(s *es*e el pr&#&p&" l((!e( *&se?(*( es (p!(7


32/35


!#gura No 6H R&(u%ta/o( Mo+o8o%o J


33/35


9istancia entre elemento - y 2 , .*.4-5 metros

9istancia entre elemento 2 y 8 , .*.8:5 metros

9istancia entre elemento 8 y 4 , .*.4-5 metros

S#(t&,a /& E)a%ua"#*+

L( pr>#!( se #(l&#(r> #$(*" el es!$*&(!e res$el)( l(s pre'$!(spl(!e(*(s e l( *es#r&p#&/ *e l( pr>#!( %e*&(!e l( pre)&(prese!(#&/ *el &;"r%e *e l(,"r(!"r&" e $( es#(l( *e 1 ( 7 L$e'"l(s "!(s ser> e)&(*(s (l *&re#!"r *e #$rs" p(r( pr"#e*er ( l(p$!(#&/ e el #(%p$s )&r!$(l7P(r( l( e)(l$(#&/ se !e*r> e #$e!( l"s s&'$&e!es (spe#!"s:• P(r!&p(#&/ (#!&)( prese#&(l e el l(,"r(!"r&"7

•

I;"r%e es#r&!" s$s!e!(#&/ *e #(*( pr>#!(7I+'or,& o 8ro/u"to( a &+tr&gar

Se e!re'(r> $ &;"r%e *e l(,"r(!"r&" +$e #"!e*r> l(s pre'$!(s;"r%$l(*(s e l(s pr>#!(s el pr"#e*&%&e!" se'$&*" p(r( ",!eer l"s*(!"s7 De,e e!re'(rl" e ;"r%(!" *&'&!(l (l !$!"r l"#(l (l !$!"r *el#$rs"7Es e#es(r&" +$e %e*&(!e el s&%$l(*"r re#"%e*(*" $ "!r" s&%&l(r ses&%$le !"*(s l(s #"'$r(#&"es pl(!e(*(s e l(s '$(s "&%ple%e!(rl(s s& es p"s&,le e ;"r%( ;s(7 L(s &%>'ees *el

s&%$l(*"r " #$(l+$&er e)&*e#&( *e *es(rr"ll" *e l( (#!&)&*(* se *e,e&#"rp"r( !(%,& e el &;"r%e *e pr>#!(7R&troa%#,&+ta"#*+

E el #(%p$s )&r!$(l *el #$rs" se #re(r> $ ;"r" p(r( re!r"(l&%e!(r l(pr>#!( p$,l(r l"s res$l!(*"s7 T(%,& se #re(r> $ !e%( p(r(pre'$!(s resp$es!(s7 De,e !eerse e #$e!( +$e l(s ;e#(s *eee#$#&/ *e l(s pr>#!(s *epe*e *e l( pr"'r(%(#&/ +$e re(l&=(#(*( CEAD p"r l" !(!" l( ;e#( *e p$,l(#&/ *e "!(s *el#"%p"e!e pr>#!" *epe*er> !(%,& *e *( pr"'r(%(#&/7


34/35


6. !UENTES DOCUMENTALES

`1a T$!"r&(l $s" *e 4NEC2 p(r( l( s&%$l(#&/ *e (!e(s7 U&)ers&*(* *el"s A*es B"'"!( C"l"%,&( b$l&( A7 errer(7

`2a L(,"r(!"r sess&" 2 - ,&re; &!r"*$#!&" !" !e l(,"r(!"r e+$&p%e! -prel&%&(r )ers&" 2 b$l&( A7 errer( – N"l(s M"r( P 29 Sep 20097

`9a Re&"s" b7O7 C>l#$l" *e #(%p"s el#!r"s p"r el %!"*" *e l"sele%e!"s &!"s Tes&s *e Gr(*" UIS 1897

`4a A#e)e*" A7M7 A#"s!( C7b7 S&%$l(#&/ *e l( &!er(##&/ *&el#!r"-%r""*(s e $( #()&*(* res"(!e Tes&s *e Gr(*" UIS 20047

`a R"'er 7 (rr&'!" +ield Computation $y /oment /et)ods# TeM(#%&ll( C"%p( Ne@ "rQ 1387

`3a \(rre L7 S!$!=%( G(r A7 T&ele ntenna 1)eory and 9esign 2*

e*7 \&le (* S"s 1_7`_a L(,"l! $*(%e!"s *e l(s A!e(s c$e,e# C((*(7

`8a T"%(s A7 M&ll&'( /odern ntenna 9esign e*7 M#Gr(@-&ll 18pp7 992-947

`a M"rr&s T&s#ler A!e(s (* Tr(s%&s&/ L&es S#&e#e Is!r$%e!C"%p( B(l!&%"re MD U7S7A7

`10a E $,re'! b7 &sser Arr( (*P(se* Arr(A!e( B(ss b" \&led S"s 200

`11a R",er! b7 M(&ll"$. P(se* Arr( A!e( (*,""Q ARTEC OUSEINC7 200

`12a ROBERT 7 HLE M$!$(l C"$pl&' Be!@ee L"'-Per&"* A!e(sIEEE !r(s 13

&$' ai C*an+, R- an Micro.a/e 0irele11 S21te314 Co52ri+*t 6 "### !o*n 0ile2 7 Son14 Inc84 558 9:;


35/35


!!p:KK!ele#"%7,7$(%7%.K*"@l"(*7!%

!!p:KK%(&l@e,7p$e7$*l(p7%.Kfl'"e*(K!$!"r&(lesK&e98001Kp('e_7!%

!!p:KK213729797120K!r(sl(!eg#[

lJesd$J!!p:KK@@@7ee7s$rre7(#7$QKPers"(lKD7be^er&esKs%&!7!%ldpre)JK

!!p:KK213729797120K!r(sl(!eg#[lJesd$J!!p:KK@@@7ee7s$rre7(#7$QKPers"(lKD7be^er&esKs!$,%(!#7!%ldpre)JK

!!p:KK%(&l@e,7$*l(p7%.Kfl'"e*(K(p$!esKele#!r"K#(p&!$l"_K#(p!er_7!%

!!p:KK@@@7s@&ss@&reless7"r'K@l(g#(l#ge7!%l: #>l#$l" *e el(#es

"( resel r(*&(#&/ p"r *&;r(##&/ e!#7 S&%ple per" #l(r"7 !!p:KK@@@7=!r(.7#"%K!e#K@&relessK#(l#7!%: )(r&"s #(l#$l(*"res

&#l$e*" resel *&;r(##&/ r&&s7

!!p:KK ',ppr7**s7"r':8080K;resel7%(&7#'&: resel

!!p:KK%7(!ee!7e!Kf%$l!&pl.K#'&-,&KQ&;e7%(&7#'&: *&;r(##&/

@@@7(s";!7#"% : E%pres( *e*(*( ( pr"'r(%(s *e s&%$l(#&/ *e#(%p"s !(%,& !&ee pr"*$#!"s *e s&%$l(#&/ !&p" Spe

@@@7s"e!$s(7#"% : O!r( e%pres( +$e se *e*( ( s";!@(res *es&%$l(#&/ *e #(%p"s

P$,l *"%(& MININEC &s ()(&l(,le & !e ;"ll"@&' pr"'r(%s @&! \e,URLs l&s!e*: NEC4\IN \&*"@s ;r"% Or&": !!p:KK@@@7#(%7"r'Kf%,"$Qr&7
http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/smith.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/smith.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/smith.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/stubmatch.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/stubmatch.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/stubmatch.html&prev=/http://mailweb.udlap.mx/~lgojeda/apuntes/electro/capitulo7/chapter7.htmhttp://mailweb.udlap.mx/~lgojeda/apuntes/electro/capitulo7/chapter7.htmhttp://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/smith.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/smith.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/smith.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/stubmatch.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/stubmatch.html&prev=/http://216.239.35.120/translate_c?hl=es&u=http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/D.Jefferies/stubmatch.html&prev=/http://mailweb.udlap.mx/~lgojeda/apuntes/electro/capitulo7/chapter7.htmhttp://mailweb.udlap.mx/~lgojeda/apuntes/electro/capitulo7/chapter7.htm

Documents

208018-SOLUCION Microondas