2.UNA APROXIMACIÓN AL CONCEPTO DE GERENCIA

7/29/2019 2.UNA APROXIMACIN AL CONCEPTO DE GERENCIA

1/14

REVISN Esc Anna Nery (impr.) 2010 jul-set; 14 (3): 625-632REVISO REVISION

Constructo de Administracin y Gerencia en EnfermeraOrtiz JH,Torres DG

AN APPROACH TO THE CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT ANDAPPLIED MANAGEMENT DISCIPLINE OF NURSINGUma aproximao ao conceito administrao management and discipline applied toenfermagemAn approach to the concept of management and administration Applied to the discipline ofnursingJoana Hernndez OrtizI Danelia Gomez TorresII

IPasante de la Licenciatura de Enfermera. Realizando Servicio en la Facultad de Enfermera y

Obstetricia de la Universidad Autnoma del Estado de Mxico, Integrante y Colaboradora de la

Revista Horizontes en Salud Expresin de Enfermera. Toluca- Estado do Mxico-Mxico. E-mail: [email protected] por la EEAN-UFRJ, coordinadora de investigacin de la FEYO de la UAEM, miembro

del cuerpo acadmico Ejercicio de Enfermera. Toluca- Estado do Mxico- Mxico. E-

mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This work was developed by the research of terms or concepts in virtual magazines or electronic

media. The objective was to obtain the information ofmanagement and

administration definitions and, at the same time, perform the interpretation of data and criticizing

each of the settings, contrasting them with nursing knowledge, since these are often forged within

the business. It was used a methodology which is based in constructs, applied to re-educate

terminological deficiencies. By analyzing each of these definitions, it was identified that the

management and the administration have similarities in their meanings, when applied can be

easily confused, while having similarities in the praxis, they don't perform the same actions as

management is the strategy and administration is execution. In this way, the results obtained were

two concepts applicable to the nursing discipline, concluding that every discipline requires the

support and the knowledge of other areas.

Keywords: Nursing. Knowledge. Management
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


2/14



RESUMEN

El presente trabajo fue desarrollado

mediante la indagacin de trminos en

revistas virtuales en medios electrnicos. El

objetivo fue obtener informacin de las

definiciones de gerencia y administracin;

Al mismo tiempo, realizar la interpretacin

de datos y efectuar una crtica de cada una

de las definiciones seleccionadas,

contrastando con los conocimientos de

enfermera, ya que estos estn forjados

dentro del rea empresarial. Se utiliz una

metodologa basada en constructos;

aplicados para reeducar deficiencias

terminolgicas. Al analizar cada una de estas

definiciones, se identific que la gerencia y

la administracin coinciden en algunos

aspectos y al aplicarlos logran confundir,

an teniendo similitudes en la prxis, no

realizan las mismas acciones, ya que la

gerencia es la estrategia y la administracin

es la ejecucin. De esta manera, los

resultados obtenidos fueron dos conceptos

aplicables a la disciplina de Enfermera.

Concluyendo as, que una disciplina necesita

el apoyo de otras reas del conocimiento.

Palabras clave: Enfermera. Conocimiento.

Gerencia.

RESUMO

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido diante

da indagao dos trminos em peridicos

virtuais em mdios eletrnicos. O objetivo

foi obter informao das definies

degerncia e administrao e, ao mesmo

tempo, realizar a interpretao de dados e

efetuar uma crtica de cada uma das

definies selecionadas, contrastando com

os conhecimentos de enfermagem, j que

estes geralmente ficam forjados dentro da

rea empresarial. Utilizou-se a metodologia

baseada nos constructos, aplicada para

reeducar deficincias terminolgicas. Ao

analisar cada um destas definies,

identificou-se que a gerncia e a

administrao coincidem em alguns aspectos

e tm similitudes, mas, na prtica, no

realizam as mesmas aes j que a gerncia

a estratgia e a administrao a

execuo. Desta maneira, os resultados

obtidos foram dois conceitos aplicveis

disciplina de Enfermagem, concluindo que

toda disciplina precisa de outras reas de

conhecimento.

Palavras chave: Enfermagem.

Conhecimento. Gerncia


3/14



INTRODUCTIONThis article was created by the need to find

differences or similarities between the terms

management and administration, as they

generally relate to the business area, this

paper develops the implementation and

conceptualization of these in the Nursing

area.They have been used since thebeginning of the nursing schools and

hospitals to present itself as part of the area,

however, the biggest concern there is

because the terms have not yet been

conceptualized within the area.We note that the existence of theories, which

are attempts to explain, always been

necessary and essential to affirm the

reflection.1 Since it is a step in an

investigation immanent as such, the

scientific construction can not be left in the

background , hence the interest in

investigating the electronic media is the

internet, which is why it was considered as a

source of information for this research to

contain a high update rate compared to

printed sources.On inquiry, we seek to give a proposal for

creating concept applied to Nursing

constructs.These will provide the settings touse the concept of subject-object perception

and understanding of the responses sought

also need to create words, words, words,

expressions that involve causes, learn

purposes, identify the nature means to

distinguish between opinion based on

current knowledge.The current view isattributed to the common sense of knowing

everything is knowing that it is notsystematically searched, and the fruit of

knowledge is called "doxa".It is intendedthat this inquiry is reached result doxa

experience in obtaining new constructs that

help to appropriate nursing terminology and

thereby correct the great concern that this

area does not have its own concepts.Thevast majority of nursing professionals take

business concepts or other areas that do notbelong to health, so the intention of

management and administration

conceptualize and give new meaning or

conceptual adjustment be made compatible

with the discourse of Nursing.The constructs they support the idea of

increasing new elements to the definition of

the body of knowledge in this particular case

of the nursing discipline.It can be observedthat the term:Construct was forged to retrain deficiencies

terminology and understand what this

means, ideas and terms, categories, guiding

principles, influential opinions or essential

concepts adopted a theory or area of study.2The function of the construct, is to mediate

the distinction of the object as it was

perceived, and to facilitate the

conceptualization of the relations of the

subjects involved in research, favoring the

delimitation of the scope of the verdad.1


4/14



In version Carvalho, adjusting resources and

identify words and concepts, serves to direct

research in evolutionary theory.The

concepts arise to list aspects of study giving

order and meaning to terms with this is to

ensure that the terms proposed Nursing

adopt as their own, once developed the

construct.As mentioned, the Nursing building is in

need not only cientfica1 where

investigations are carried out on demand or

challenges, if not to make this profession get

more information, where each professional

create new knowledge.METHODOLOGYThe selection of the subject arises from the

intention of bringing concepts of

management and administration in the field

of nursing discipline.Whose objective wasto obtain information to build these

definitions apply to nursing concepts.The word construct is a theoretical notion

derived from the object of interest to be

measured, usually posed in terms of

hiptesis.3It is mentioned that the constructs were

forged to retrain terminological

shortcomings, this should be treated as

ideas, words, categories, guiding principles,

influential opinions or essential concepts

adopted a theory or area of study.1Methodologically we can say that to create a

construct, is part of the reflection, self

discussion, as philosophers refer the spirit of

self-discussion with himself.Reflection asan activity of thinking about nature also

serves as a tool for seeking truth, supported

by logic and order of concepts.I mentioned before, to conceptualize and

define the capacity is assumed to reflective

thought, the condition of the set and create

terms to speak firmly on the cases of our

interest, in this way, the reflection of the

premises looking for answers crimped truth.To reach a construct should be determined

categories (concepts, definitions), thus

extending the power of reason, to designate

and divide things and thinking gains power

to classify subject's relations with things,

where the personality thought justified (by

reason) based knowledge, reason for the

construct.

Furthermore, for information on the

methodology to develop in this area, was

carried out on electronic media inquiry

especially in nursing journals such as: Anna

Nery School: Nursing magazine, and found

in the Red of Scientific Journals of Latin

America and the Caribbean, Spain and

Portugal, and also Redalyc Scientific

Electronic Library Online Scielo Chile as a

means of broad disclosure.We selected

articles that are related to the two categories

under study: The area of administration,

management and philosophy.


5/14



It is established as inclusion criteria for this

study, items designed electronic sources for

updated information, as well as articles that

address management descriptors,

conceptualizing management, management

concept, management and conceptualizing

methodological construct.The first search identified 68 articles related

to the subject, 61 were discarded leaving

seven items, definitions have no interest,

was conducted a second search found 75

items of which 72 were discriminated again,

leaving 3.Thus a total of 10 items for thedevelopment of this research.After selectionof the articles in the above sources, the two

categories were analyzed are: administration

and management for the meaning of both

terms, as the product of reflection arising in

the readings.For the analysis and interpretation of data,was useful to analyze and make a review of

each of the selected definitions and contrast

with disciplined knowledge of nursing.Atthe end mention was made of the

characteristics of each term and thus form a

resulting construct almost self concept

applicable to the nursing discipline.CONCEPTUALISING TERM

MANAGEMENTThe management concept was created based

on the information, a necessity of the

subordinate (worker), in order to be guided

to successfully perform their activities.Inthe area of health applied this term is used as

a synonym for administration, to be

coincidence in steps, the definitions do not

apply widely present in this area, but are

used by culture in this field, only apply in

the business area.However in the field of

health, is characterized by the use of another

term called managed care (managed care) is

the organizational form that emerges in

response to the crisis in health.4 systemsThis definition is not mentioned as such a

concept, however the emphasis that was

created because of a crisis in health systems,so the called managed care, is conceived as

an organizational form, presenting below:The management and management come

from the root gesture, which comes from the

Latin gestures, defined as an attitude or

movement of the body, which in turn derives

from generates, which means putting,

driving, carrying cabo5Fragmenting the real meaning of the word

management, there is a very clear example

of people who move to or to perform some

activity like taking an object, make a motion

with his arm, this is done in the direction of

the target article possess.Then in a facility management to apply the

term to a particular group of subordinates so

that they can run, first consider an

achievement goal that leads to the goal set

and to achieve success.It may be mentioned that the administration

is how to coordinate goods and is more

operational, but has a character management


6/14



and strategic management as seen in the

following definition:Management is as the process which relates

a set of elements that ensure optimal use of

an asset that has always been present in the

company, but had not been properly

aprovechado.6This term refers to a point where the

management function has not been

harnessed by 100%, rather there is ignorance

of all functions must have; management is a

social action developed by the manager

himself in a special and temporality in which

he encuentra.7 In other words, is responsible

for guiding their subordinates but also to

respect the rights and obligations of the

worker, it is right to mention the social

action that is because it works with

subordinates thus achieving a goal and

according to the regulations of the

institutions have a specific time in office to

exercise the activities taking place and also

gives a disciplinary connotation as

mentioned below:Management is a multidisciplinary devoid of

social conditioning and as an autonomous

entity that sidesteps the epistemological

character of the administration as a science

of direccin.7: 72

Under this term, mentioning that

management is multidisciplinary, leads us to

identify that the manager should be in

charge of using strategies to get better

performance from his subordinates, in all

areas of the social organism, and that the

person who is in charge of managing must

have a correct understanding of how they

should perform each of the activities of their

subordinates and possess an authority to

them.Consider that management takes a number

of steps to achieve success using physical,

financial and human factors, if not count on

labor, if not tell subordinates physical

resources that would work, if not have the

financial resources to obtain revenue forphysical resources and pay to

subordinates.Then management, theinstitution, the subordinate, the physical and

financial resources is a complement or a

design team, who goes in search of a

profit.Management is an art, a science thatdeals with the proper use, helpful and

systematic of all resources of a company,

put another way:Management is the art and science of

working with and through a team towards

achieving the objectives of an

organization.This involves building a bodyof knowledge about the activity, and that

activity involves managing relationships

with other people to achieve the

Organization8 objetivosde.So management is the foundation of an

institution or company that has been the

strategic management of the organization,

since its function is to make proper use of its

resources and is also an art, because not all


7/14



meet the characteristics in order to practice

management and if it were to be used

properly, what can happen is that the

institution comes to bankruptcy by a misuse

of resources.So how management can onlybe operated by a person to merge the two

terms are said to:The management of organizational man is

the proper performance of an organization,

is made possible by balancing the needs of

the job and maintain a satisfactory level

between the distribution and the enthusiasm

of the people.9In this case, the absence of mention because

this person fit or organizational qualities

could not be effectively exercised.It is veryclear this version because the person suitable

for the post of manager must balance the

needs of the enterprise, its subordinate and

maximize production, because both are insearch of a financing and to ensure that the

subordinate does well his job, he should

look for strategies to raise the enthusiasm of

the workers.With the already captured, summarized that:

management is the key element in the

performance and survival organizacional.10It is also said that management is a socialaction and that only occurs seasonally

according to the social, however,

discordamos with that position because it

can be a temporary action because

management is given all the time.Theprofessional who is in charge of managing,

management can not use at your

convenience or according to their needs,

should be used according to the needs of the

institution and its employees, while

maximizing the benefits and opportunities

the institution provides to its workers.CONCEPTUALISING TERM OF

DIRECTORSManagement is one term that has been used

in the business area and in institutions,

however there is no definition or concept of

nursing administration itself.This sectionseeks to reach the construct that approaches

the Nursing field as to investigate the

electronic media, we realized that only

management concepts are defining the word

administration, being that only defined in a

general way.So the administration is humanactivity is to implement the aforementioned

processes of planning, organizing, directing,coordinating and controlar.5: 118I mentioned before, the administration is

handled by the human factor, as an example

we can mention that computers or robots

that are now established as major advances

in science, can not think, just obey orders,

people who are trained can perform such

activities mentioned as: planning,

organizing, directing, coordinating and

controlling.Whereas the term according tothe Dictionary of the Royal Spanish

Academy, the administration defined in

various ways, such as political, religious,

medical and organizativo.10: 114


8/14



This source of information, the concept of

administration exists, but does not explain in

detail its meaning, refers only to areas where

it is used, it is not really applied only in the

areas you mention, in fact, in all institutions

of daily life as in the workplace, at church,

in the military, at home etc.., mentions the

word administration, which comes from the

Latin ministare manages, and, with the

meaning of government, ruling and have

bienes.10: 114 This term is defined in very

short words and appropriating a clear idea as

to govern, it has the resources and

simultaneously distribute and manage or

govern a group of people, which has been

assigned to his office with a order, however

we can realize that management is a wealth

of functions and activities as mentioned

below:Administration is directing an institution,

order, arrange, organize, especially theestate or property and play or hold a

position, office or dignity .. 5:114This term is very broad because it manages

to put an order in an institution, to dispose of

property, to direct subordinates and inform

the objectives and goals for where you want

to go, however the following concept states

that:The administration is defined as the process

through which target the human, material

and financial resources to achieve certain

goals but, especially, to keep the customer is

pleased that allows to continue living and

developing the enterprise.5 : 117

As evident, management makes use of

human, material and financial resources,

which are the basis to perform

administrative activities, an example, guide

or search the employee is interested in the

objectives because it is one of the main

points to achieve the goals, if not the worker

inquires or subordinate interest, will not

work with one goal in mind, even though

they seek success, provided that there is

definitely not a group of people going to

require a person to guide trained to perform

the functions, however:Management is the process of working with

people and resources to achieve

organizational goals.Good managers dothings efficiently andeffectiveness, when the administrative

process is executed properly, involves a

variety of activities, including: planning,

organizing, directing and controlling.Thesecore activities are the traditional functions

administration.5: 117As mentioned above, in order to manage an

institution, its main element is the human

factor, noting that whenever there is a

trained and skilled to manage an institution,

will result in a successful institution, but if

the nurse in charge manage an institution is

not qualified, do not know the proper use of

materials and resources to guide

subordinates in charge, it is clear that the

institution can go broke.


9/14



Mentioning that management is a process

that takes a series of steps to follow a

chronological order, like other concepts,

takes the human factor as the main element

that is working, you can basically say:The administration is to direct human and

material resources towards the common

objectives of the organization.This processhas been divided into various activities

traditional way powerful.The most technicaland analytical covers administration setting

a goal for the organization, planning of

internal activities to achieve the objectives

and control of these activities so that the

final results are the deseados.5: 118The anterior approach to the administration

describes as the process that directs human

and material resources towards the goals, it

is very true that if you do not have a goal to

reach a goal, you can not be guided in theright way to work, making use adequate

material resources.Then it can be mentionedthat the administration is responsible for

various activities within an institution like

the plan, if the plan administrator is not the

number of staff who will carry out the

various activities that are entrusted, is likely

to have a overstaffing and the budget that

was allocated to pay them is not distributed

properly, however if production has limited

staff, it would be minimal by misdirection or

overwork and physical performance would

drop.The administrator is responsible forguiding the work to achieve the goals that

have been proposed in the institution, for it

has to plan, organize, direct, control

financial resources and the human factor,

plus they have to train workers who are

charge.In addition to the above, themanagement is the common set of processes,

when performed properly, favor the efficacy

and efficiency organizacional.10: 118That said, the administration is seen from

the point of view of achieving efficiency, it

is very true that it is responsible for

managing an institution and has capabilities

to perform these functions, you must make

use of strategies to achieve the goals and

objectives, looking at it from another point:The administration, as a set of processes

distinguishable from those carrying out, also

can be seen as the work done by people who

have the title of gerente.5: 118This allows the implementation of activities

that are distinct from the person who is in

charge, if there were a person who was able

to manage the institution would not achieve

the success, but the following definition

describes us:Management involves planning, organizing,

directing and controlling people working in

an organization in order to meet the goals of

this.These goals guide the tasks and

activities emprenden.5: 118In this case highlight more administrative

features, aimed only staff who is in charge

of administering, but we must remember that

not only is the working in an institution, but


10/14



also the financial and material resources,

thus:Management is defined as human activity

responsible for organizing and directing

individual and collective goals-effective

predeterminados.5: 118Then, if it is described as a human activity,

administrative functions performed by a

single person, who works together with his

subordinates, who will be directing them

towards achieving these targets, however,

the administration is the process planning

organizing, directing and controlling the use

of resources to achieve the goals of

desempeo.10: 119 It emphasizes the

elements of the administrative process and

one of the first is planning, which determine

the actions to be perform in the future.In theorganization phase performs a series of

activities with a structure conceived and

designed, in the stage direction, directs and

motivates the employee to perform assigned

tasks and finally the control stage, is the

fulfillment of planned , the achievement of

compliance with each of these aspects seeks

to reach these targets, however:Management is a practice usually

schematized as managing an organization's

resources to achieve its objectives, which areexercised administrative elements to plan,

coordinate, organize, direct, control 5:120.According to this author, is that the

administration is successful practice but is

outlined and also goes in search of goals,

making use of resources that are mentioned

within the administrative activities, is to

coordinate the activities of an institution,

and integrate the work activities to be

performed by subordinates in charge, the

essential purpose of the administrator's

guide, to be efficient in their

activities.Seplantea also that management isa specific practice that makes a crowd in a

group efficient, productive and forward

metas.5: 120In this concept, it is mentioned that the

institution administering a must get involved

in a group of workers who will be

responsible for guidance and thus make the

group of people with responsibilities, able to

be efficient in the area labor.If theadministrator does not have the ability to get

a group of people, be productive and are in

search of goal achievement, the institution

would not achieve its purpose, therefore,

management is the task of leading the effort

and talent others to achieve resultados.5: 120As mentioned, it is envisioned that the

administration has many sides and you can

tell they are tasks which are not easy, as

everything has a process, then the

administrator must have patience and ability

to command to his subordinates, for it has to

work and also have the talent.If we definethe term management in keywords, with

which one can understand the function,

since:


11/14



Administration is the process of designing

and maintaining an environment where

working in groups, individuals meet

objectives efficiently especficos.5: 120This definition states that to lead a group of

people, should design a work plan, and to

design it is about what are the resources that

are counted, if the workspace does not have

sufficient staff The administrator will get an

unbalanced labor productivity and thus will

not achieve its objectives, this concept is

clear, however, is not the only building onthe executive management, the

administration is a world of activities in

which they must comply worry for success.Administration from ancient times to the

present day, roads plasma to direct

subordinates and optimize the material,

however, not only material resources are

managed and individuals to be able to

complete and lead to success, consider the

financial resources, and it is the foundation

and support of the institution, without the

economic resources could not obtain the

necessary material resources let alone

paying employees, so if these three elements

are not, the administrator does not comply

could achieve institutional objectives ,

consider that it is a process of working with

people and resources to achieve

organizational goals, is to achieve the goals,

everything takes a process, however

mentions only makes use of people and

resources, the question is what resources?.Itis believed that the term should be

understood more descriptive, but not only

must take into account that uses resources

but also of activities according to a process

and not just working with people, if not yet

around him, both the administrator and the

institution.Management considers a composite

science.One who holds that office, must becompetent to lead a group of subordinates

and also make use of techniques, making use

of principles which helps them grow as an

institution, not being created by its structure,

is created by the type of people who work

there, an administrator must strive every day

so that the subordinate is guided in the right

way, and also find that the subordinate strive

to be better every day in their work and be

recognized by the others, in turn, should

seek to compete with the other members of

their group.

For the most part, the concepts mentioned

that management is a set of activities and

tasks. Which works with three factors

including subordinates, material and

financial resources, and seek to achieve the

goal and meet the proposed objectives and

must plan for it and make use of strategies

for the group of individuals who achieved

coordinates efficiency.

NURSING ADMINISTRATION AND

MANAGEMENTLooking to respond and try to understand

and explain, what the invisible visible in the

objective reality of nursing in one of his


12/14



fields and domain, with the aim of entering

knowledge capable of supporting scientific

construction, to provide tools to criticize

conception of the terms, that adhere to the

discipline of nursing, made a contrast of

knowledge; since management in the

nursing discipline, is conceived only in the

working process of the nurse, in a first

aspect visualizing the individual and the

organization, seeing it as a rational model,

on the other approach as social practice and

historicity without conceptualization own.We could say that management Nursing,

seeks to provide the best care and that the

subordinates feel satisfied to work with the

resources provided by the institution, to

provide better customer service, and

science-based competencies.However themanagerial work goals

Nursing are: Work organization and human

elements of nursing, using an own technical

tools of management, ie planning and

nursing staff size, staff selection, continuing

education and / or permanent, and the

performance monitoring and validation

among others.They also use media such asworkforce, materials, equipment and

facilities.In the work of the nurse, where its main

function is to coordinate staff from all areas,

according to the classification of the patient

such as: the type of diagnosis, severity and

requiring attention, whether given by

indicators according to the following

categories: minimal care, partial direct,

intensive intermediate intensive.In additionto the calculation of working hours in each

shift both morning, evening andnight.Calculation of incidents as substitutestaff; arguably be applied as labor strategy

management.However Nursing Administration, has strong

physical conditions such as: rigidity,

mechanization, extreme regulations,

established routines, centralization in key

positions, management of rewards and

punishments, monitoring and control means

including, these are some of the salient

features of the administrative system of

nursing.

So to be multidisciplinary management,

because it leads to his subordinate, is a

social action is organizational uses physical

labor resources, financial, human work is an

art, a science that seeks to reach the goal,makes use of strategic management, seeks to

balance the institution, arises as a result of

economic crises, hence management, being

multidisciplinary conceptualization enables

appropriated for nursing, allowing nursing

knowledge base.

CONCLUSIONS

At the end of this analysis we lock in that:the nursing discipline over time, has relied

on other areas of learning, to enhance the

scientific discipline. Thus, following the

methodology of constructs, we perform an

analysis of various concepts, to approach the

terms of management and administration


13/14



and propose a conceptualization applied to

nursing.

CONSTRUCT 1

As we approach the concept of nursing

management, considering it: An art that

seeks to lead his subordinates strategically,

multidisciplinary and organizational to

provide quality care, achieving a balance

between the patient and the institution

subordinates.

Furthermore, we must recognize that an

efficient management, distinguishes it the

institution, dedicated to convert a crowd in a

group of hard working, responsible,

committed to their work, pursuing a goal

that is proposed also leads efforts and talent

scout, always in pursuit of the efficiency and

effectiveness of their workers, the

administrator who is responsible for a group

of workers to set the pace to them,increasing their numbers the requirements.

CONSTRUCT 2

Then we could approach the concept of

nursing administration and we can mention:

The implementation of actions to streamline

responsible and committed to a group of

nurses, able to develop an individual or

collective work for the benefit of patients,

based on the administrative process,

applying principles and techniques.

The nurse manager must use the principles

and techniques of the administrative process

to direct individual and collective work. To

perform this work, the nurse in charge of

administering must be in good mental

health, vigorous, work experience,

humanism and especially able to solve

personal problems, as well as the institution

itself.

It was also noted that among the terms of

management and administration, there is a

big difference, because management works

in a more strategic way, it's like we played

chess before pulling one thinks very

carefully a strategy to give "Whipsaw" this

game can be explained more clearly as

management works, however the

administration is also consistent with the

same steps management but in this case the

bank is more for management action is like a

game of dominoes, manages play the cards

you like how close the game plan for the

playmate not win. Then the administration

and management may coincide in the same

steps but do not play or plan to in the same

way, because management is the

administration's strategy and execution.

REFERNCIAS1.Carvalho V. Sobre construtosepistemolgicos nas cincias - uma

contribuo para a enfermagm. Rev. Latino-

am Enfermagem [on-line] 2003 jul/ago;

[citado 23 abril 2009]; 11(4) [aprox. 8 telas]:

Disponivel em:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.scielo.br/scielohttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.scielo.br/scielohttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.scielo.br/scielohttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.scielo.br/scielo


14/14



2.Carvalho V. Acerca de las bases tericas,filosficas, epistemolgicas de la

investigacin cientfica: el caso de laenfermera. Rev Latino-am Enfermagen [on-

line] 2003 nov/dic; [citado 23 abr 2009];

11(6) [aprox. 15 telas]. Disponible

en:http://www.scielo.br/pdf3.Consiglio E. Waldo H. Nuevosindicadores clnicos. La calidad de vida

relacionada con la salud. Rev Medicina

(Buenos Aires). [on-line] 2003; [citado 4 jun

2009]; 2(63) [aprox 3 tela]. Disponible

en:http://www.medicinabuenosaires.com/revistas4.Molina J.Fortalecimiento gerencial yliderazgo para la proteccin social. Salud

pblica Mx [on-line] 2007; [citado 15 feb

2009]; (49) [aprox. 1 tela] Disponivel

em:http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc5.Torres S. Una visin contempornea delconcepto de administracin: Revisin del

contexto colombiano. Cuad. Adm. [on-line]

2006 jul/dic]; [citado 15 feb. 2009];

032(19):114-120 [aprox. 3 telas] Disponible

en:http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc6.Flores M. Gerencia del conocimiento: Surelacin con la generacin de capacidades

innovativas. Revista de Ciencias Sociales.

[on-line] 2005 mayo]; [citado 15 feb 2009];

002(Xl) [aprox. 1 tela]

Disponible:http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc

7.Romero J. Aproximacin a una sociologade la gerencia. Gerencia pblica y

compromiso social. Gestin y PolticaPblica, [on-line] 2006]; [citado 15 feb

2009]; 001(XV):71-72 [aprox. 1 tela]

Disponibleen:http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc8.Chirinos A./ Rincon S. Anlisis estratgico

de la gerencia de investigacin desarrollo de

los parques tecnolgicos. Rev Venezolana

de Gerencia. [on-line] 2006 oct/dic; [citado

23 abr 2009]; 36(11) [aprox. 1 tela]

Disponivelem:http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc9.Marquez MC O grid gerencial: umaanlise descritiva na rea da enfermagem.

Esc Anna Nery Rev Enferm 2004 2(8): 275-

78

10.Caleb A. Gerencia organizacional ysociedad. Rev Espacio Abierto. [on-line]

2000 jul/sept; [citado 15 feb 2009]; 003(9)

[aprox. 2 telas] Disponible

en:http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalyc
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.scielo.br/pdfhttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.scielo.br/pdfhttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.scielo.br/pdfhttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.medicinabuenosaires.com/revistashttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.medicinabuenosaires.com/revistashttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.medicinabuenosaires.com/revistashttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.medicinabuenosaires.com/revistashttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/redalychttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.medicinabuenosaires.com/revistashttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.medicinabuenosaires.com/revistashttp://translate.google.com/translate?hl=es&prev=_t&sl=es&tl=en&u=http://www.scielo.br/pdf

Documents

2.UNA APROXIMACIÓN AL CONCEPTO DE GERENCIA