3°Ed. Media - Inglés - Estudiante - 2014.pdf

8/10/2019 3Ed. Media - Ingls - Estudiante - 2014.pdf

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ADVICE AND SUPPORT 27

SELF - EVALUATION

YOUR TEST RESULTS Your scoreReading You are expected to be able to identify and understand key facts and details.

10 - 12Great Grasped all main ideas and answered most questions correctly.

7 - 9Good

Grasped most main ideas and answered most questions correctly.4 - 6 OK Grasped some main ideas and answered some of the questions correctly.

0 - 3 Poor Deduced some main ideas and answered just a few questions correctly.

Listening You are expected to be able to identify and understand key facts and details. 11 - 14Great Identified almost all the information correctly. 3 - 6Good Identified most of the information.

7 - 10OK Identified some of the information. 0 - 2Poor Deduced just a few bits of information.

Language You are expected to apply and identify two language items. 9 - 10Great Grasped and applied the language items in all cases. 4 - 5OK Grasped and applied the language items in some cases.

6 - 8 Good Grasped and applied the language items in most cases. 0 - 3Poor Deduced and applied the language items in very few cases.

Speaking You are expected to be able to complete and participate in a guided dialogue.

Task Score Language Score Interaction ScoreCompleted the dialogue with fiveor six of the correct expressions. 4 Practically no language mistakes.4

Fluid interaction, good pronunciation,no hesitation. 4

Completed the dialogue with threeor four of the correct expressions.3 Very few language mistakes. 3

Fluid interaction, a few pronunciationmistakes, a minimum of hesitation. 3

Completed the dialogue with oneor two of the correct expressions.2 Some language mistakes. 2

Fluid interaction, some pronunciationmistakes, some hesitation. 2

Used only one of the correctexpressions. 1

Language mistakes interfered withcomprehension. 1

Interaction affected by pronunciationmistakes, a lot of hesitation. 1

Writing You are expected to complete a letter with your own ideas and opinions.Task Score Language Score Interaction Score

Filled in all the blanks withappropriate information. 4

Practically no grammar orvocabulary mistakes. 4 Correct spelling, heading, and greeting.4

Filled in most of the blanks withappropriate information. 3

Very few grammar or vocabularymistakes. 3

A few spelling mistakes and incorrectheading or greeting. 3

Filled in some of the blanks withappropriate information. 2

Some grammar and vocabularymistakes. 2

Several spelling mistakes and incorrectheading or greeting. 2

Filled in only one or two of theblanks with appropriate information.1

Grammar and vocabulary mistakesinterfered with comprehension. 1

A lot of spelling mistakes and incorrectheading and greeting. 1

YOUR GENERAL PERFORMANCE In this unit Always Sometimes NevI reflected on the issues of expressing feelings, helping friends, bullying, and Internet safety raised by the texts.

I used different strategies to help me to understand.

I made myself understood even if I made some mistakes.

I interacted with other students to do the exercises.

I expressed my point of view appropriately.


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28 UNIT 2

UNIT 2

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

READING: to read a school newspaper interview that contains thecommunicative function of expressing condition, includes a variety ofexpressions to express recommendations, and identify text organisation by deciding how the interview has been divided. relate information presented in different forms by identifying what some

numbers refer to. discriminate between correct and incorrect information by deciding if it is

true or false. distinguish explicit and implicit information by classifying certain items.

WRITING:to write a school earthquake plan that includes differentstages, uses the First Conditional, contains sequencing words, and isorganised logically.

LISTENING:to listen to a scientific presentation that contathe communicative function of expressing conditions, an discriminate between correct and incorrect information

choosing the right option. identify speakers by choosing the right names. find specific information by completing diagrams and

answering questions.

SPEAKING:to describe pictures in detail sharing ideas andknowledge, using expressions learnt, correct pronunciatithe correct structures for descriptions.


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TWO OF THE ELEMENTS 29

TWO OF THE ELEMENTS

2 Imagine that your school is preparing a Disaster Kit - objects that will help you and yourclassmates to survive in the case of disaster. Which six of the items below would you include inthe Kit? Justify your choice using the First Conditional, which you learnt in Unit 1.

Example: If we have a mobile phone, we will be able to phone the emergency services.

GETTING INTO THE UNIT

1 Interview your partner to establish how much he / she knows about the elements,security, and natural phenomena.

a. Which Chilean earthquake is the biggest inrecorded history?i. The Chilln earthquake.ii. The Valdivia earthquake.

b. What is the correct reaction when anearthquake begins?i. Drop and cover.ii. Run and shout.

c. When do we dial 132?i. When we need to report a fire.ii. When we need to call for an ambulance.

d. Are you familiar with your schoolsecurity plan?i. Yes.ii. No.

e. What does the Japanese word tsunami mean?i. A big tidal wave.ii. An underwater earthquake.

f. How many states of water are there?i. Four.ii. Three.

1 2 3

4 5 6 7

8 9 10

1 . a . i i . b . i . c . i . d . i . e . i . f . i i .


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30 UNIT 2

Bef ore starting this unit, you need to know:

the First Conditional. how to express invitationsand orders. how to identif y types of written texts.

how to identif ymain ideas in written texts. the Imperative form. how tosay diff erent types of numbers to ask and answer questions.

how to f indspecif ic inf ormation in oral texts.

GETTING READY FOR THE UNIT

1 Underline the correct verb form.a. If you see / will see Gemma, tell her to meet

me at 5 pm.b. I will leave / leave for Temuco if I can get the

bus tickets.c. Apple pie? Sure, we can make one if we

have / will have apples.d. If an earthquake takes place / will take place,

follow the instructions.

2 Re-write these sentences using the openingsprovided. Do not change their meaning.

a. Lets suppose you see a flying saucer. Willyou run?

If

b. Supposing that we win the lottery, will webuy a new house?

If

c. I hope it is sunny tomorrow. Otherwise wewill not go to the beach.

If

3 How do we usually express an invitation, givean order to take action, or offer instructions?

Write some examples.

4 Which of these texts ( I II) is an action plan?Justify your choice in your group.

A well-stock ed first-aid k it, k ept within

eas y reach, is a necessit y in e ver y home.

Ha ving supplies gathered ahead o f time

will help you to handle an emergenc y at a

moments notice.

You should k eep a first-aid k it in your home

and be sure to bring one on famil y vacations.

You can purchase a first-aid k it at

drugstores or at a local Red Cross o f fice,

or you can mak e one o f your o wn. I f you

decide to mak e one, choose containers

for your k its that are room y, durable, eas y

to carr y, and simple to open.

Taken from: Cronan, K. MD. (Re vie wer) (Augus t2010) F i r s t - Aid K i t .

Re trie ved December 20, 2011, from h t tp: / /kidshealth.org /paren t /

firstaid_ safe /home /firs taid_ ki t.h tml

I

1. Prepare and evacuate the building by

way of the nearest emergency exit. Walk;do not run. Do not use elevators.

2.Close,but do not lock, all doors as you leave.

3. Before exit ing through any closed door,check for heat and t he presence of fire behind the door by feeling the door wit h the back of

your hand. If the door feels very warm or hot to the touch, advise everyone to proceed to another exit.

Taken from: Drumheller, G. (2000).

P s y c h o l o g y G i l m e r H a ll D e p a r t m e n t a l E v a c u a t i o n P l a n . Re trie ved

December 20, 2011, from h t tp: / /miner va.acc. virginia.edu /~ ps ych /fac -hb /e vac -plan.h tm

II


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5 Read the tests in Exercise 4 again. Which idea(a b ) corresponds to which text ( I II)?

a. Text ___ - Characteristics and importance ofa set of implements

b. Text ___ - What to do in the case of anemergency

6 Match the pictures ( 1 6 ) with the orders ( a f ).

2

3 4

5 6

1

a. ___ Be quiet! The children are sleeping.b. ___ Fetch the ball!c. ___ Sit down! The class will begin now.d. ___ Dont cross the road! A cars coming!e. ___ Dont run! The floor is slippery!f. ___ Dont swim! It is forbidden here.

7 How do we say these numbers? First, say themaloud and then, write them down. Comparewith another student.

a. 1.1:b. 6%:

c. 8.8:

d. 387:

e. 1,962:

f. 56,405:

8 Take turns to answer these questions in pairs,using the information provided.

a. What is the biggest city in Latin America?

(Mexico City - 21.2 million people) (www.mapsofworld.com. Last updated Jan 17, 2013)

b. What is the worlds coldest place?

(Antarctica - 87.8C)

c. What is the worlds driest desert?

(The Atacama 400 years with no rain)

d. What is the worlds biggest island?

(Greenland 2,175,600 km 2 )

9 20 Listen to the presentation of the listeningtext in Lesson 2, and fill in the blanks.

The following ___________ is sponsored byWatertech, the ___________ in charge of our___________ water.


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32 UNIT 2

EARTHLesson 1

READING

BEFORE YOU READ

1 In pairs, analyse this graph and discuss different earthquakes in Chile.a. Compare their magnitude and the year they happened.b. Investigate the earthquake history of another seismic country (for

example, Japan), prepare a similar graph, and display it in your classroom.

Earthquakes in Chile

0 2 4 6 8 10

8.87.9

9.58.3

8.619061939196019852010 Concepcin

SantiagoValdivia

ChillnValparaso

2 Look at the pictures on Page 35 . In your group, decide what the picturesillustrate, and where and when these events took place.

3 Check the meaning of these words. Then circle the ones you think you couldfind in a text about earthquakes.

damage crowded epicentre fall magnitude movement noise prevent tsunami volcano withstand

WHILE YOU READ

4 Read the text on Pages 34 and 35 , and check your predictions in Exercises 2 and 3.

5 How has the reporter divided her interview?a. By subject. b. By question. c. By dates.

6 Read the interview again. What do these numbers refer to?a. 58,622 b. 2 million c. 9.5

d. 40 e. 1960 f. 10+

7 Read the interview carefully again. Are these statements true ( T) or false (F)?a. ___ Earthquakes are very common and happen nearly every day.b. ___ The magnitude of an earthquake indicates its intensity.c. ___ After the Valdivia earthquake, there was a tsunami and a

volcanic eruption.d. ___ Valdivia has never been rebuilt.


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8 Read the text once more. Which of these statements contain explicit ( E)information (specifically written in the text), and which contain implicit ( I)information (you have to guess, deduce)?

a. ______ The earthquake of the greatest magnitude occurred in Chile.b. ______ The area affected by the Valdivia earthquake was huge.c. ______ The Richter scale is a numerical scale.

AFTER YOU READ

Language Note

1. Analyse the following sentences from the text.a. If you are indoors, DROP and COVER.b. If you are outdoors, stay as far away from buildings as possible.

2. In Unit1 you learnt the structure below for the First Conditional. How are the sentences in Point1 different from that structure?

If + Subject + Present tense + Subject + Future tense. The sentences in Point1 are still a Conditional, but they are also giving you an instruction. If + Subject+ Present tense + Infinitive withoutto to express a recommendation or an order.3. Colour this example using the code in Point2. If you chat on Messenger, dont reveal your telephone number or address4. Copy two more examples of this structure using the colour code.

THE FIRST CONDITIONAL (continued)

`address

ad`dress

American v/s British Engli

9 17 Complete the dialogue using the First Conditional.Compare with the recording and then listen and repeat the dialogue.

Dana: Can we predict earthquakes?Lennox: No, we cant.Dana: What will you do if ___________ an earthquake?Lennox: I ___________ drop and look for cover.Dana: Who ___________ phone first of all?Lennox: I ___________ the Emergency Office.Dana: What ___________ you ___________ if the land line isn't working?Lennox: I ___________ my mobile phone.Dana: What ___________ you ___________ if someone's hurt?

Lennox: I ___________ for an ambulance.Dana: What if ___________ no electricity after the earthquake?Lennox: I ___________ matches or a torch.Dana: Where will you hide if ___________ outdoors?Lennox: I ___________ far away from buildings.Dana: What ___________ if there are aftershocks?Lennox: Nothing, just wait for them to end.

The Triangle of Life, writtenby Doug Copp, of AmericanRescue Team International,has led many people toquestion or plan to changetheir response toearthquakes? Some of the

recommendations in thearticle have even beenrepeated in media stories asif they were facts.However, the advice ispotentially life-threateningand the author has beenbroadly discredited.

Did you know that...

Lesson 1

READING


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34 UNIT 2

Orange Count y Hig h Sc hoo l Bu l letin

25 Fe br uar y, 2011

N earl y a year a f ter a terrible earthquake struck the cent ra

l southern part o f

Chile , Mr Armando Ara ya , f rom the Chilean Emer genc y O

f f ice , O N E MI , has

a greed to answer our quest ions.

Dorot h y: Mr Ara ya, first of a l l: ho w ca n we defi ne a n eart h

q ua k e?

Mr Ara ya: A n eart hq ua k e is a tre m b li ng or s ha k i ng mo ve me

nt of t he Eart h s

s urface. Eart hq ua k es occ ur practica l l y e ver y da y, b ut u n less

t he y

are stro ng a nd ca use da mage, peo p le do n t notice t he m eas

i l y.

Dorot h y: Ho w do we k no w ho w stro ng a n eart hq ua k e is?

Mr Ara ya: To meas ure t he i nte nsit y of a n eart hq ua k e, a Ca lifor nia

seis mo logist

na med C har les F. Ric hter created a si m p le sca le, w hic h he ca l led t he

ma gnitude, to descri be t he re lati ve sizes of eart hq ua k es. T he

sca le is

no w k no w n as the Richter scale.

Dorot h y: Ho w are eart hq ua k es c lassified accordi ng to t hat s

ca le?

Mr Ara ya: T he s ma l l eart hq ua k es get n u m ber - 2.0 a nd t he bi

ggest o nes

n u m ber 10 +. Here s a n e xa m p le: eac h year, yo ur ho me area,

so ut her n Ca lifor nia, has a bo ut 10,000 eart hq ua k es. If yo u p

ut t he m

o n t he sca le, o n l y a bo ut 2% are greater t ha n mag nit ude 3.0,

a nd

o n l y a bo ut 15 to 20 of t he m are greater t ha n mag nit ude 4.0.

Dorot h y: So ho w big was t he Fe br uar y 27, 2010 eart hq u

a k e i n C hi le, o n t he

Ric hter sca le?

Mr Ara ya: It was to wards t he u p per e nd of t he sca le: 8.8 at t he

e pice nter.

Dorot h y: T hat so u nds rea l l y h uge! No w, t he ne xt q uestio n

is: w hat was t he

'Great C hi lea n Eart hq ua k e'?

Mr Ara ya: U nfort u nate l y for us, C hi lea ns, it was t he largest

mag nit ude

eart hq ua k e i n recorded histor y. It too k p lace o n Ma y 22, 196

0 a nd

its mag nit ude was 9.5. It k i l led more t ha n 2,000 peo p le i n Va

ldi via

a lo ne, left 2 mi l lio n ho me less, co m p lete l y destro yed 58,622

ho uses,

ca used hea v y da mage i n t he cities of Co nce pci n, Va ldi via a

nd

P uerto Mo ntt, a nd ca used a ts u na mi

t hat hit as far a wa y as Ha waii,

Ja pa n, a nd t he P hi li p pi nes.

Dorot h y: Ca n yo u te l l us a litt le more a bo ut w hat ha p pe ned

i n C hi le i n 1960?

Mr Ara ya: After t he ts u na mi, water co vered large portio ns of

la nd, c ha ngi ng

t he to pogra p h y of t he area for e ver. So me 40 ho urs after t he

first

s hoc k , t he P u ye h ue vo lca no er u pted, addi ng vo lca nic as hes

a nd

la va to t he terri b le traged y.

READING WHILE YOU READ


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READING

Adapted from: Fleurr y, M. (Apr16, 2008). W o r ld 's S t r o ng e s t E a r t hq u a k e . Re trie ved M

a y 3, 2008,

from h t tp:/ / w w w.su i te101.com /con ten t / worlds -s tronges t -ear thquake -a51011

A lt ho ug h after t he eart hq ua k e Va ldi via a nd ot her coasta l citi

es were

caref u l l y re b ui lt, yo u ca n sti l l see so me re mai ns of w hat is no

w

k no w n as t he biggest eart hq ua k e of a l l ti me.

Dorot h y: Ho w do t hese t wo C hi lea n eart hq ua k es co m pare?

Mr Ara ya: T he eart hq ua k e i n Fe br uar y 2010 was s ma l ler i n mag nit ude, b ut

t he de vastatio n was a lso tre me ndo us beca use it affected a bigger

area of t he co u ntr y.

Dorot h y: Ca n we predict a nd pre ve nt eart hq ua k es?

Mr Ara ya: No. Eart hq ua k es si m p l y ha p pe n a nd not hi ng ca n b

e do ne to

predict or pre ve nt t he m. Ho we ver, we ca n do a lot of t hi ngs

before,

d uri ng a nd after t he y ta k e p lace to li mit t he co nseq ue nces.

Dorot h y: Ca n yo u na me o ne of t hese t hi ngs?

Mr Ara ya: It wi l l he l p if t he b ui ldi ng w here yo u are is co nstr

ucted i n s uc h a

wa y t hat it ca n wit hsta nd t he s h

oc k s a nd mo ve me nt.

Dorot h y: W hat ca n we do?

Mr Ara ya: If yo u are i ndoors, D RO P a nd CO V E R; t his mea ns

to fa l l o nto t he

f loor a nd get u nder so met hi ng stro ng for protectio n. If yo u a

re

o utdoors, sta y as far a wa y fro m b ui ldi ngs as possi b le. If yo u

are

near g lass or a n yt hi ng t hat ca n fa l l, mo ve a wa y q uic k l y. If y

o u are

i n a cro wded area, do not r u n for t he nearest e xit; e ver yo ne

wi l l be

doi ng t hat a nd cro wdi ng wi l l lead to e ve n more i n j uries. Be

pre pared for afters hoc k s to fo l lo w t he i nitia l eart hq ua k e; t h

e y are

s ma l ler t ha n t he first o ne, b ut sti l l ver y da ngero us.

Dorot h y: Mr Ara ya, ma n y t ha n

k s for he l pi ng us to lear n a litt le bit more

a bo ut eart hq ua k es. Mr Ara ya: I wo u ld ver y m uc h

li k e to see a co p y of t his i nter vie w i n yo ur

sc hoo l ne ws pa per. I t hi n k t hat a sc hoo l ne ws pa per is a rea l l y

good

idea a nd a n i nter vie w or a n artic le tr yi ng to i nfor m yo ur

sc hoo l mates a bo ut eart hq ua k es aro u nd t he wor ld so u nds gr

eat.


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36 UNIT 2

Lesson 1

READING

W H A T T O D O B E F O R E A N D D U R I N G A T S U N A M I

Adapted from: (2003). W h a t t o d o b e f o r e a n d d u ri n g a t s u n a m i . Re trie ved February 12, 2003, from

h t tp: / / w w w.fema.go v /hazard / tsunami / ts_ before.sh tm

I f there is a risk o f a tsunami in your area, (a . ) ______________________.

I f there has been an earthquak e and you are in a coastal area, (b . ) ________.

I f there is a tsunami warning, (c . ) ________________ and sta y there.

I f you k now the huge wa ve is coming, (d . ) _____________. Ne ver go

down to the beach to watch a tsunami come in. I f you can see

the wa ve, you are too close to escape it.

If there is noticeable recession in water awa y f rom the shoreline,

(e . ) __________. This is natures tsunami warning, and should be heeded.

11 QUICK SELF CHECK David is taking his driving test. Can you helphim to pass it? Match the two parts of the statements ( a d ) with ( i iv)to form four traffic rules. 8 pts.

a. If you approach a zebra crossing,b. If you run out of petrol on a motorway,c. If you see a stop sign,d. If you see a 60 kph speed limit sign,

i. dont accelerate above the allowed limit.ii. slow down and look to see if there are people crossing.iii. stop the car and look both ways.iv. turn on your parking lights and call for help.

(See Answers and rubrics on Page 159 ).0 to 2 You dont recognise logical relationships in sentences in the First Conditional. Revise again.3 to 5 You recognise most logical relationships in sentences in the First Conditional, but could do better. Good j6 to 8 You recognise logical relationships in most or all sentences in the First Conditional. Excellent!

12 In groups, discuss your schools earthquake plan. Use the tips from theinterview on Pages 34 - 35 to answer the questions below. Take notes.a. How does your school inform you of an earthquake plan?b. What elements do you need if there is an earthquake (for example, water,

medicines, etc.)?c. What are the safety measures and safe spots in your school?d. What do you do if you are indoors /outdoors?e. What actions should NOT be done?

freeway, highway

motorway

American v/s British English

10 Use what you have learnt about the First Conditional to fill in the blanks inthe security warning below with these recommendations.

follow these guidelinesmove away immediately

stay away from the beach move inland to higher ground immediately

turn on your radio to learn if there is a tsunami warning


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13 APPLICATION TASK WRITING

Use the notes you took in Exercise 12 to write ASCHOOL EARTHQUAKE PLAN.a. Re-read your notes and arrange them into

these sections of the plan: pre, during, andpost earthquake actions.

b Identify any areas where you still need moreinformation; you can do some Internetresearch, interview people, etc.

You can find some ideas at: http://www.fema.gov/earthquake/earthquake-

safety-school http://www.earthquakecountry.info/roots/

seven_steps.htmlc. You can start the plan with a definition of an

earthquake; use a dictionary or the definitiongiven in the interview on Pages 34 - 35 .

d. Use sequencing words: first, next, then, afterthat, later, and finally .

e. Use your own words and / or quotations fromthe interview on Pages 34 - 35 .

Example: Mr Araya suggests: If you are outdoors,stay as far away from buildings as possible.

f. Check your plan for coherence (clear sequence,

logical order, no contradictions), vocabulary(appropriate words from the lesson andothers), grammar (correct verb tenses, wordorder, subject-predicate agreement, correctuse of prepositions, etc.), and spelling (carefullyuse the spell checker in your computer).

g. Re-write it on a clean sheet of paper.h. Evaluate your work considering these points.

If (), possible solutionEnough informationCorrect grammarAppropriate vocabularyGroup work

14 What have you noticed about the use of the coma in the First Conditional?Study these examples, draw conclusions and compare them in your group. Then, place the comma where appropriate in the sentences below ( a d ).

Examples: If you are outdoors, stay as far away from buildings as possible. Stay as far away from buildings as possible if you are outdoors.

a. If there is a tsunami try to go as far away from the coast as possible.b. You will find information on earthquake or other emergency procedures

if you look on the Internet.c. If Renata sees an accident she will call for an ambulance immediately.d. Paul will let us know if there is an emergency.

15 Use what you have learnt about earthquakes in this lesson and answer thesequestions in your group. You can use the expressions below in your answers:

Some people were hurt / terrified / disoriented / trapped, etc. Lots of people didnt have any water / food / medicines, etc.

Houses / buildings were damaged / down / broken, etc.a. How did the February 27, 2010 earthquake affect you and

your family?b. Can you tell a story of human courage you have heard in connection

with that earthquake?

You can see science films about the elements athttp://www.brainpop.com/science/

Learning tip

When you receive a writingassignment, startbrainstorming (thinkingabout ideas, producing keywords or phrases) by listingor diagramming (mind map,web word, chart, etc.) mainideas or key conceptsrelated to the topic. Put thewords or phrases down onpaper and then use them towrite the assignment. If indoubt, talk to your teacherto see if you are on theright track.


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38 UNIT 2

BEFORE YOU LISTEN

1 Answer these questions in your group.a. What do the pictures below illustrate?b. What do you know about the water we drink?

21 3 4

2 The chemical symbols and formulas in the blue ovals will appear in thelistening text. Can you match them with the corresponding elements andcompounds in the pink ovals?

Sodiumhydroxide

HNaOH

NaClOCaO

O3

FeCl3

Calcium oxideSodium

hypochloriteHydrogen

Ozone

Iron orferric chloride

3 18 What do these words mean? Use a dictionary to check and then listen and

repeat. Do you think that learning the meaning and pronunciation of newwords before listening will help you to understand a spoken message better?

so f te ningst or e (v ) re se r voirsur fa ce a e r at ion

par ti cula teche micals s e t t le laye rod our flo cs

st or age supplyharm fulmi cropollu tan ts mud d ine ss

4 19 Listen to the words in the box. What interesting phenomenon can youobserve? Listen again and repeat.

castle chestnut Christmas fasten listen mortgage mustnt often soften whistle

5 You are going to listen to a presentation. What do you think it might be about?a. A bottled water factory.b. Hydroelectricity.c. Water purification.

odor

odour


WATERLesson 2

LISTENING


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WHILE YOU LISTEN

6 20 Listen to the presentation and check your prediction in Exercise 4.

7 20 Listen again and circle the correct alternative.a. This programme is a quiz show / a radio or TV programme.b. The experts name is Nick Rogers / Ned Rogers.

8 20 Listen again and write the name of the speakers: Presenter, Expert, or Student.a. ___________ : The company in charge of our drinking water.b. ___________ : Stage 2 looks complicated. What is it?c. ___________ : Why is the picture in Stage 4 very similar to that in Stage 1?d. ___________ : Stage 4 is the process of fine filtration.e. ___________ : Preservation and storage.

9 20 Listen to the presentation carefully once or twice again.a. Use the names in the box to write the missing steps of the process ( b, d, f, h, j ).

Active carbon filtration Aeration Disinfection Microfiltration in drum filters Removal of flocs

Step a. Aeration, softening, and PH-adjustments.Step b. .Step c. PH-adjustment.Step d. .Step e. Natural aeration.Step f. .

Step g. Slow sand filtration.Step h. .Step i. Preservation and storage.Step j. .Step k. Storage in drinking water reservoirs.

b. Add the two missing elements or compounds from Exercise 2 in thecorresponding pink rectangles in the diagram.

Step a. Step b. Step c. Step d. Step e. Step f. Step g. Step h. Step i. Step k.Step j.

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5

O3

Ozonegenerator

CaONaOH

NaOH

Flocs Ca + Mg BacteriaNaCIO

10 20 Listen to the presentation once more and answer these questions.a. What is surface water?b. What will happen if there is natural filtration?

Lesson 2

LISTENING


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40 UNIT 2

AFTER YOU LISTEN

11 In your group, put together all the information you collected in the listeningactivities and use the diagram to describe the water purification process.

You can use these beginnings.

In Stage ______ , there is ______. / Step ______ is called ______. /

In Step ______ , ______ is added to the water, etc.

12 Rewrite these sentences in your notebook using unless.Example: They will get wet if they dont take an umbrella.

Unless they take an umbrella, they will get wet.a. If you dont pay attention, you will not understand the explanation.b. We will not give Jim the chemicals if he doesnt ask politely.c. If Kelly doesnt send the information now, it will not arrive before the meeting.d. I will not let anyone take part in the experiment if I dont know who they are.

Language Note

CONNECTORS OF CONDITION LINK TWO IDEAS

When / If / Unless

Youll be unhappy if you donot break up with her.

Youll be unhappyunless youbreak up with her.

Unless means the same as ifnot. It always refers to the condition.

a. When water is placed in a reservoir, there will be softening through natural aeration or using sodium hydroxide.

b. Ifthere is natural filtration, softening will take place naturally.c. Unless water streams through a granular activated carbon layer in a filter, it will still retain p

affecting taste and odour.

They are

Examples from the listening text.

Notice

The same as

Lesson 2

LISTENING


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13 21 QUICK SELF CHECK Use what you learnt in the Language Note to fill in the blanks in this monologue. 18 pts.

Claire: What a horrible day! Oh! Im feeling low, the sky looks dark and theweather man said it _________ rain soon. If it _________ , I_________ to stayat home. If I _________ at home, I _________ really bored.

Perhaps if I _________ my friend Elaine, we can do something; if she_________ free, she _________ come over; if she _________ , we _________ rent a DVD, or just talk. Yes, thats what I _________ do. I _________ definitely_________ Elaine.

Oh, but what if Elaine _________ free ? What if she _________ somethingimportant to do? Maybe I _________ have to stay at home alone and getbored. If that _________ , I_________ really upset!

(See Answers and rubrics on Page 160 ).0 to 6 You havent learnt the First Conditional. Revise again.7 to 11 You have partially learnt the First Conditional, but could do better. Good job!

12 to 18 You have learnt the First Conditional. Excellent!

15 Answer these questions in your group.

a. Why is it important to evaluate your own and your classmatesperformance? How can this help your learning?b. How many words related to water have you learnt? List them in your

notebook and write some example sentences. Compare your sentenceswith another student.

c. Did learning key words before listening help you to understand the text?d. Find out about the water purification process in the area where you live.

Is it the same as the one described in the listening text?

Lesson 2

LISTENING

14 APPLICATION TASK SPEAKING a. Work in groups of four students.b. Each of you must choose one of the pictures

in Exercise 1 (2 minutes).c. Get ready to describe your picture in detail,

using your imagination. What can you see?,What is happening?, What will happen?, etc.(5 minutes).

d. Describe your picture in your group. Correctgrammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation(5 minutes for each student).

e. Describe your picture to another group(4 minutes).

f. Each of you must evaluate one student fromthe other group using this chart (3 minutes).

Speaker shows naturalfluency and pauses.Speaker uses completesentences andappropriate connectors.Speaker uses appropriateand varied vocabulary.Final score

Always3 pts.

Sometimes2 pts.

Seldom1 pt.

3 to 4 Keep trying 5 to 6 Good 7 to 9 Excellent


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42 UNIT 2

WATER MYTHS CREATURES

CONSOLIDATION ACTIVITIES

Water plays an important role in many legends and myths. There are mythological water beings and gods,stories of heroes that have something to do with water, and even stories of isles and continents lost belowthe surface. This section contains a selection of some commonly known water legends and myths.

Mistake: (v.)to not understand or judge sb / sth correctly.Brook: (n.) a small stream.Wreck:(v.) to damage a ship so much that it sinks or can nolonger sail.Lure: (v.) to persuade or trick sb to go somewhere or to do sth by promising a reward.Lurk: (v.) to wait somewhere secrettly, especiallybecause you are going to do sth bad or illegal.

Taken from: Enzler, S.M. (n.d.). Water mythology.Creatures. Retrieved on April 16,2013, from http://www.lenntech.com/water-mythol

AshraysScottish mythology tells us Ashrays, or Water Lovers, are completely translucentwater creatures that are often mistaken for sea ghosts. They can be both male andfemale and can be found only under water. Being completely nocturnal, one wouldnever come across such creatures during the day. When captured and exposed tosunlight, ashrays supposedly melt and only a puddle of water remains.

BckahstenBckahsten means brook horse; this was the name of a mythological horse inScandinavian folklore. She would appear near rivers in foggy weather, and whoeverdecided to ride on her back was unable to get off again. The horse would then jumpinto the river, drowning the rider.

Blue men of the MinchThese supernatural sea creatures were said to live in underwater caves in the Minch,a straight between Lewis, Long Island and the Shiant Islands, near Scotland. TheBlue Men looked like humans with blue skins. They where infamous for swimmingalongside passing ships and attempting towreck them by conjuring storms and byluring sailors into the water. If a captain wanted to save his ship, he had to finishtheir rhymes, solve their riddles, and always make sure he got the last word.

BunyipBunyip literally meansdevil or spirit. This is a mythological creature from AboriginalAustralia that was said to lurk in swamps, creeks, riverbeds, and waterholes.Aborigines thought they could hear their cries at night. They believed Bunyip tookhumans as a food source, preferably women, and they tended to blame the Bunyipfor disease spread in the river area. Bunyip supposedly had flippers, a horse-like tail,and walrus-like tusks.


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15:3016:3016:0017:0017:3018:3017:0018:00

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Communication skills Drama club School newspapergroup Basketball

Volleyball Guitar class(own guitar required) Volleyball Communication skills

Drama club Basketball Communication skills Football

Skating Football Guitar class(own guitar required)School newspapergroup

1 Read the text carefully and add drawings to illustrate what you imagine these creatures would look like.

2 Read the text again and complete this table.

Name Country Habitat Description

3 Do some Internet or library research and find out about Chilean water myths and legends. Compareyour findings in your group.

4 Read the school extra activities programme and answer the questions below with your partner.

a. If you play volleyball on Monday, which activity will you not be able to take?b. If you take guitar classes, how many times a week will you go?c. If you take guitar classes, what special equipment will you need?d. If you go to basketball on Tuesday, will you also be able to play football?e. If you take Drama club on Monday, which other day will you also go?

4 You have learnt how to use the First Conditional. Use it to complete these dialogues ( a b ).a. Carolina: What do you think will happen if there is another tremor? Francisco: If there .b. Gabriel: Will we swim in the ocean this weekend? Helen: Of course we will, unless .

Equipment: (noun) the things that are needed for a particular purpose or activity.


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44 UNIT 2

JUST FOR FUN

1 What is smog made of?a. Smelly gases.b. Fog and smoke.

2 Why do we need trees?a. They produce greenhouse gases.b. They provide oxygen.

3 What do cleaner cars use?a. Unleaded petrol.b. Leaded petrol.

4 What is carbon dioxide?a. A liquid we use in cars.b. A greenhouse gas.

5 What is the name of the force thatholds everything to the earth?a. Gravity.b. Gravitation.

6 What does a wind farm make?

a. Wind.b. Energy.

7 What do we call a person who studiesthe stars?a. An astrologist.b. An astronomer.

8 What is recycling?a. Cycling down the road twice.b. Re-using rubbish.

9 What is a drought ?a. Unusually wet and rainy weather.b. Unusually dry and rainless weather.

Your answers to this questionnairewill tell you how much you knowabout nature and the environment.

ARE YOU NATUREWISE?ARE YOU NATUREWISE?


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CHILEAN CONNECTION


In February 1997, Chile and Canada signed a free tradeagreement which contains two parallel agreements,one of work-related cooperation and one ofenvironmental cooperation. The agreements cameinto effect in July 1997. The agreement ofenvironmental cooperation reflects the high priorityenvironmental considerations have for both countries.

The main objectives of the agreement are to

strengthen environmental cooperation between bothcountries and to ensure the efficient application ofinternal environmental laws and regulations. Thepromotion of sustainable development, cooperationin conservation, protection and improvement of the

environment, and the promotion of effective andeconomically efficient environmental measures arealso mentioned.

One of the main aspects of the agreement ofenvironmental cooperation between Chile andCanada is the promotion of transparency and publicparticipation in environmental management. Guidedby this principle, both countries have created

agreement websites to provide clear and up-to-dateinformation on the subject.

Adapted from:Prentice, J., Bentez, M. (1997).El Acuerdo de Cooperacin AmbientalChile-Canad . Retrieved March 16, 1997, from

http://www.conama.cl/chilecanada/1288/article-29470.html

10 Lightning, a discharge of atmosphericelectricity in a cloud, can only strikeonce in the same place.a. True.b. False.

11 How are hurricanes named?a. After people, for example Edna,

Andrew.b. After places such as Tokyo, Mexico.

12 When does a solar eclipse occur?a. When the moon passes between the

Sun and the Earth.b. When the moon passes between the

Earth and Venus.

A n s w e r s : 1 . b . 2 . b . 3 . a . 4 . b . 5 . a . 6 . b . 7 . b . 8 . b . 9 . b . 1 0 . b . 1 1 . a . 1 2 . a .

0 to 3 You should try to learn more about nature and the environment.4 to 8 You know enough about nature and the environment, but you could try to learn more.9 to 12 Congratulations! You are definitely naturewise.


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TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

46 UNIT 2

I n 1998 , w he n R ya n was i n grade o ne , he lear nt

from his teac her t hat peop le were d yi ng beca use t he y did not ha ve c lea n water to dri n k .

He decided t hat raisi ng mo ne y for t hose peop le

wo u ld be a good t hi ng. He wor k ed for fo ur

mo nt hs i n order to ear n his first $70. R ya ns

first we l l was b ui lt i n 1999 , w he n he was se ve n

years-o ld , at a sc hoo l i n a Uga nda n vi l lage.

R ya ns pro ject gre w from t he $70 co l lected b y

doi ng simp le ho use ho ld c hores to a fo u ndatio n t hat toda y has co ntri b uted a tota l of 502 water

a nd sa nitatio n pro jects i n 16 co u ntries , bri nging

c lea n water a nd sa nitatio n ser vices to o ver

621 ,712 peop le. T he fo u ndatio n has raised

mil lio ns of do l lars.

R ya n remai ns dedicated to t he fo u ndatio n a nd

its wor k . He co nti n ues to spea k passio nate l y

a bo ut t he need for c lea n water aro u nd t he

wor ld , a nd has visited o ver t wo doze n

co u ntries spreadi ng his message. He has made prese ntatio ns to h u ndreds of sc hoo ls , c h urc hes ,

a nd ci vic c l u bs , a nd has atte nded more t ha n

t wo doze n i nter natio na l co nfere nces a nd g lo ba l

e ve nts , i nc l udi ng Rotar y I nter natio na l a nd t he

Wor ld Water For ums. He is recog nised b y U N IC E F as a G lo ba l Yo ut h Leader.

R ya n has recei ved ma n y a wards for his wor k ,

i nc ludi ng t he Wor ld of C hi ldre n Fo u nders

A ward , t he Order of O ntario ( yo u ngest e ver

recipie nt) , t he O ntario Meda l for Yo u ng

Vo l u nteers , t he Ca nadia n Meritorio us Ser vice

Meda l , t he O ne X O ne Differe nce A ward , a nd

t he Top 20 U nder 20 Yo ut h A ward. His message

has bee n feat ured o n t he Opra h Wi nfre y S ho w ,

C N N , a nd C BC. N umero us boo k s , magazi nes

a nd ne wspapers ha ve profi led R ya n , i nc l udi ng Christian Science Monitor, Peo ple, Readers Di gest,

Time, Times o f London a nd W atervoices.

R ya n has met some of t he most importa nt

peop le i n t he wor ld , b ut he is not braggi ng.

T he most impressi ve peop le I ve met are t he ot her k ids w ho wa nt to he lp , too , he sa ys. Im j ust a n a verage k id , R ya n sa ys w he n a n yo ne as k s a bo ut his ac hie veme nts. T his is tr ue; he p la ys bas k et ba l l a nd ice hoc k e y , a nd lo ves p la yi ng video games. R ya ns fami l y has bee n ver y s upporti ve of his efforts to get c lea n water to poor peop le

aro u nd t he wor ld.

R ya n has rece nt l y grad uated from hig h sc hoo l i n

his hometo w n of Kempt vi l le , O ntario. He wi l l

be atte ndi ng t he U ni versit y of Ki ngs Co l lege

t his upcomi ng year i n Ha lifax , No va Scotia.

Adapted from:Hreljac, R., (2001).Ryan story . Retrieved March 20, 2001from http://www.ryanswell.ca/

_____________________________________________READING


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1 Read the article and choose thebest title. 1 pt.

a. Water for Africa c. Ryans Storyb. A Childs Voice d. Water Wells

2 Read the article carefully. What do thesenumbers refer to? 4 pts.

a. 1998 c. 16b. 70 d. 621,712

3 Read the text again. Are these statementstrue ( T) or false (F)? 4 pts.

a. Ryans idea didnt work very well.

b. Ryan is a highly gifted boy.c. Ryan has received many awards for

his work.d. Some people are dying because

they dont have clean water.

4 Read the text once more and answerthese questions. 4 pts.

a. Why did Ryan decide to work for four months?b. What is the topic of his presentations when

he visits different parts of the world?c. In what ways is Ryan just like any other kid?d. What are Ryans plans for the near future?

5 23 Listen to a radio quiz and underlinethe best answer ( i ii). 5 pts.

a. How many callers phone the programme?i. Two. ii. Three.

b. Why is one of the callers unable to getthrough?i. Because of technical problems.ii. The presenter cuts him off.

c. What is the prize for answering thequestion correctly?i. Four tickets to a concert.ii. Two tickets to a concert.

A RADIO QUIZLISTENING

d. The band in the question is named afterthree elements. Which ones?i. Earth, wind and water.ii. Earth, wind and fire.

e. Why did the last caller know the name ofthe band?i. His mum used to listen to them.ii. His dad used to listen to them.

6 23 Listen again and fill in the gaps inthese sentences. 5 pts.

a. The prize is sponsored by theNetline.

b. Wrong answer, so therell be nofor you tonight.

c. I can also add that they played a fusionof , funk, and jazz.

d. Its a band that played longmy time.

e. Please stay on the totake your details.

7 23 Listen once more and circle theword you hear. 5 pts.

a. Im not that sure, but I think it must be TheBeatles / The Rolling Stones.

b. What a pity! I really love Maroon Five / The Jackson Five.

c. We have somebody else on the line / onthe phone.

d. How old are you, Jack? Eighteen / Seventeen.e. Enjoy a few more songs / tracks with this band.


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TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

48 UNIT 2

10 Talk about natural disasters in Chile. How canyou prepare for or respond to them? Useexpressions such as: in my opinion, I believe, I think,we should / shouldnt, its a good idea, its important,its essential, its less important, its dangerous, itssafe, etc. Use if / when / unless to expressconditions. 10 pts.

SPEAKING

11 Go back to the interview in Lesson 1 .Change it into a letter fromArmando Araya to Ms Dorothy Evans.Use all the correct parts of a letter and writeparagraphs of about 30 words. 10 pts.

(See Answers and rubrics on Page 160 ).

WRITING

LANGUAGE

8 Write three conditional sentences about thephotos below using the clues provided anddifferent connectors of condition. 6 pts.

a. the weather is good / go to the seaside

b. knock on the door / open the door

c. give me some money / wash the dishes

9 Fill in the blanks in these sentenceswith if or unless. 3 pts.

a. _____________ Larry works hard, he willearn a lot of money.

b. _____________ Mark works harder, he willnot pass the test.

a. _____________ you finish now, we wont beable to play tennis.

FINAL REFLECTION

In this unit, you have learnt how to request and exchange information andyou consolidated your knowledge of the First Conditional and linkingwords. Before you continue to the next unit review the contents of Unit2 and evaluate your progress. Here are some useful tips.

Structure and organise the information you are studying and what youstill need to learn.

When studying unfamiliar material, take the time to think abthis information relates to things that you already know.

Teach the concepts and contents you know well to a classmathelp you to remember better.

Follow this advice to consolidate your knowledge and be ready the next unit.

Seaside: (noun) an area that is by the sea, especially one where people go for a day or a holiday.


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SELF - EVALUATION


YOUR TEST RESULTS Your scoreReading You are expected to be able to identify and understand key facts and details.

11 - 13Great Grasped all main ideas and answered most questions correctly.

7 - 10Good Grasped most main ideas and answered most questions correctly.3 - 6OK Grasped some main ideas and answered some of the questions correctly.

0 - 2Poor Deduced some main ideas and answered just a few questions correctly.

Listening You are expected to be able to identify and understand key facts and details. 12 - 15Great Identified almost all the information correctly. 4 - 7Good Identified most of the information.

8 - 11OK Identified some of the information. 0 - 3Poor Deduced just a few bits of information.

Language You are expected to apply and identify two language items. 7 - 9Great Applied the language items in all cases. 2 - 4OK Applied the language items in some cases.

5 - 6Good Applied the language items in most cases. 0 - 1Poor Deduced and applied the language items in very few cases.

Speaking You are expected to be able to participate in a guided dialogue about natural disasters and their prevention in CTask Score Language Score Interaction Score

Talked to a partner using all theexpressions suggested. 4 Practically no language mistakes.3

Fluid interaction, good pronunciation,no hesitation. 3

Talked to a partner using most ofthe expressions suggested. 3 Very few language mistakes. 2

Fluid interaction, a few pronunciationmistakes, a minimum of hesitation. 2

Talked to a partner using some ofthe expressions suggested. 2 Some language mistakes. 1

Fluid interaction, some pronunciationmistakes, some hesitation. 1

Tried to talk to a partner, but usedvery few or none of theexpressions suggested.

1Language mistakes interfered withcomprehension. 0

Interaction affected by pronunciationmistakes and a lot of hesitation. 0

Writing You are expected to write a letter using information from an interview, with correct language and the appropr

Task Score Language Score Interaction ScoreChanged the whole interview intoa correct letter. 4

Practically no grammar orvocabulary mistakes. 3 Correct spelling and letter format. 3

Changed most of the interviewinto an appropriate letter. 3

Very few grammar or vocabularymistakes. 2

A few spelling mistakes and slightlyincorrect format. 2

Changed some of the interviewinto an acceptable letter. 2

Some grammar and vocabularymistakes. 1

Several spelling mistakes and ratherincorrect format. 1

Changed very little of the interviewinto a letter. 1

Grammar and vocabulary mistakesinterfered with comprehension. 0

A lot of spelling mistakes andincorrect format. 0

YOUR GENERAL PERFORMANCE In this unit Always Sometimes Nev

I reflected on the issues of safety in the case of an emergency, water shortage, and water purification raised by the texts.

I used different strategies to help me to understand.

I made myself understood even if I made some mistakes.

I interacted with other students to do the exercises.

I expressed my point of view appropriately.


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SYNTHESIS TEST UNITS 1 & 2

50

Twin towns: two towns that have a very close relationship.Kind: an in-kind donation is a contribution of goods or services instead of cash.

Adapted from: (n d)Sam ple p a rentle tter n a tura ldisas te rs . R etrie v ed M a y 16 ,2008 , from http: / /www .warw icksch ools.o rg/Em ergen cy/Fo r ms/S amp le pare n tlette r natur a ldisa s ters.p d f

READING TWO LETTERS

Adapted from:(2008)What to do during a flood . Retrieved May 16, 2008, frowww.environment-agency.gov.uk/homeandleisure/floods/d

IIAbercarn, 17 March 2011

Dear Bertha,

These are some tips on what to do in the case of a flood.

First of all, it is always important to put people before property,co-operate with the emergency services if they tell you to evacuate yourhome, and be prepared to act quickly to get yourself to safety.

In the event of an emergency, we urge people to take the following precautions:

I hope you will find the information useful,although I also hope you will not need to use it!

Best regards,

Sue Gervase

Director, The Environment Agency

Gather essential items togethereither upstairs or in a high place.

Have torches, medication, andwaterproofs to hand.

Fill containers with clean water. Turn off gas, electricity, and water

supplies when flood water is aboutto enter your home.

Move your family and your pets to ahigher place.

Do not touch sources of electricitywhen standing in flood water.

Listen to local radio for updates. Flood water can rise quickly, but stay

calm and reassure those around you.

Call 999 if you are in danger.

T h e E n viro n m e n t

-Agency-

Kansa s C ity, 18 Ja nua ry 2010.

Dear P ar ents ,

The re ce nt e arthquake which a f fec ted Ha itiand our t win to wn Po rt-au-Prince ha s deep lysad de ned ev ery one here at S t. Mar ks School. Exper iencing the destr uctive po wer of an e arthquake ca n b e v ery frightening, an d the devast atio n to the e nviron me nt can be long las ting a nd distres sin g. We can imagine the n ho w the ch ildr en and te achers a t the S t. P hilippe S chool, our twin s chool, fee l today af ter this te r rible d isa s ter .

We have a ske d o ur crisis t eam to he lp our sch ool to ass ist the Ha itian c hildren in dealing with this n atu ral dis ast e r. We ar e doing everyth ing we can to h elp the m tooverc ome t his tragic experience.

We w ill a lso be co llecting money and other type s o f aid to he lp the victims t o re build their lives as soon a s p oss ible . P lea se let us kno wif you c an ma ke don ations in ca sh o r kind.

Yours s incere ly,Jo hn OGradyPrincipa l

I


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51

1 Read the two letters. Which of themmentions these points? Write I or II. 4 pts.

a. __ It asks for contributions.b. __ It expresses sympathy.c. __ It mentions pets.d. __ It offers advice.

2 Read Letter II again and fill in the gapswith the correct information. 4 pts.

a. You will need to collect emergency supplies,either .

b. When you see water enter your house, youshould stay and

your family.c. In the case of an emergency, it is veryimportant to pay more attention to

.d. You should call the emergency line if you are

.

LISTENING A NEW ROLE

3 24 Listen to the interview with teenpop star Miley Cyrus. Who mentioned these

points, Miley ( M) or the interviewer ( I)? 5 pts.a. __ First role as an adult in a movie.b. __ An embarrassing moment.c. __ The plot of the movie.d. __ Using personal experience to act.

4 24 Listen again and fill in the blankswith ONE word. 4 pts.

a. Favourite __________ sensation Miley Cyrushas walked away from her previous roles.

b. I had to stand on a box because Liam is __________ 2 metres tall!

c. In the movie, you play a teen who reluctantly__________ her home in New York.

d. Can you imagine? It felt really __________ .

LANGUAGE

5 Rewrite these sentences using if not. 2 pts.a. Unless you listen to the radio all the time,

you will not know if the flood is subsiding..

b. Unless you stay calm and relaxed, othersaround you will panic.

.

6 Match the parts of sentences in columnsA and B to form useful advice. 3 pts.

a. If you dont knowhow to deal with a

natural disaster,b. If you see water rise,

c. If you want to help theearthquake victims,

i. you could ask yourneighbours to collect

blankets and food.ii. you should try to reach

a higher place.iii. you will not be able to

help others around you.

A B

7 Circle the correct linking word. 2 pts.a. Michael knows a lot about natural disasters,

therefore / because I would call him an expert.b. Haitians were not well prepared for a disaster

of such magnitude although / but Haiti is aseismic country.

c. I have read several books about survivaltechniques, although / so I know what to do.

WRITING

8 Your pen pal in England asks you foradvice on what to do in an earthquake.Use Letter II on Page 50 as a model and write aletter of about 60 words. Rememberhow we start and finish letters. 8 pts.

SPEAKING

9 In pairs, talk about natural disasters,offering tips on how to behave.Use if / when / unless to express conditions,and the appropriate expressions foropinions and recommendations. 8 pts.

(See Answers and rubrics on Page 161 ).

0to 9Keep trying

10to 20Review

21to 30Well done!

31to 40Excellent!

40pts.Total


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52 UNIT 3

UNIT 3

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

READING: to read CVs and other types of related texts such astips and articles that contain the communicative functions ofexpressing suggestions and recommendations and offering andapplying for jobs, consider the importance of writing theappropriate CV and of observing correct professional conduct, and

predict and validate predictions by scanning. find specific information by matching titles and headings with

extended information. relate and summarise contents using written texts and pictures.

WRITING:to write a Curriculum Vitae following a providedmodel, using a computer application.

LISTENING:to listen to job advertisements on the radio that contain communicative functions of describing jobs and offering suggestiorecommendations, consider the importance of relating the right pethe right job, and discover the order in which information is mentioned by number

identify specific information and transfer it into graphic organise discriminate between correct and incorrect information by choos

alternatives.

SPEAKING:to prepare for and role play a job interview as an intervieas an interviewee, asking for and offering suggestions and recomm


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PROFESSIONS 53

PROFESSIONSGETTING INTO THE UNIT

1 Read these business cards (1 4) and match the professionals with the jobdescriptions below (a d).

a. A professional who acts and sings to entertain people.b. A professional who helps people to get fit through sports.c. A professional who makes personal ornaments out of metals, stones, and other decorative materials.d. A professional who prepares sweet treats from flour and other ingredients.

2 Complete these sentences with your own ideas and then compare with a classmate.a. The best paid job is that of a .

b. The most unusual job is that of a .

c. The most boring job is that of a .

d. The easiest job is that of a .

e. The most fun job to do is that of a .

3 Which job(s) do you see yourself doing and which one(s) would you definitely not do?Compare ideas in your group.

4 In your group, make a list of sources where you can find job offers.

Su san Du nne/ P er sonal T r ainer , Y oga, pilates, mu scle bu ild ing - at home or in the gym 07 -98 6345 63

g pi c k @h and i c r a f t s .c om 5 6 8 7 3 4 5

Gr eg or y Pick J ew eller y a nd ha ndicr a f t s

2

Vasiliy I vano vEn t e r t a ine r

To b ook a sho w,

c all 452 368 or e -mail

e n t e r t a inme n t @yahoo.e s

4

Ian T emplet onPast r y cook Cak es, scones, and

muf f ins f or w eddings

and celebr at ionsw w w .i anchef .co.uk / ( 44 ) 02

7 34678951


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54 UNIT 3

Bef ore starting this unit, you need to know:

modalverbs and their special characteristics.

how to make and validatepredictions. how to recognise the f ormat and elements of a Curriculum Vitae.

how to f ind specif ic inf ormation in oral and written texts.

GETTING READY FOR THE UNIT

1 In English, modal verbs can express possibility,prohibition, or recommendation. They behavedifferently from the majority of the other verbs.Read the examples below ( a d ) and tick thethree ways ( i iv) in which they differ fromother verbs.

a. Lenny can speak English.b. You must not cross the road here.c. Gail could not swim when she was young.d. Peter must get up early tomorrow.

i. _____ Modal verbs do not take -s in theSimple Present, third personsingular.

ii. _____ We use not to make modal verbsnegative.

iii. _____ Modal verbs cannot be used withwill to express future or take ed in the past.

iv. _____ We do not use them in the thirdperson singular.

2 Tick (P ) the sentences with a modal verb inthem. Underline the modal verb.

a. _____ Darryl and Emily might buy a housenext year.

b. _____ Carl invited me to stay a little longerat their beach house in the north.

c. _____ It is prohibited to smoke in the metro.d. _____ You mustnt swim in this river

because the current is very strong.e. _____ Annie and Burt need not worry.f. _____ It is so hot! I desperately need a soft

drink.g. _____ Its possible Janet will visit Tom in

Boston.

3 Use a modal verb OR a common verb to fill in thegaps in the sentences describing the pictures.

a. Drivers _________________ stop atpedestrian crossings.

b. Fran __________________ eating a biggreen salad for lunch.

c. Jonathan __________________ much tallerthan his sister.

d. Homework finished! We ________________play computer games now.


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PROFESSIONS 55

III

Cy press Tec h no log iesSuite 7, 77 Marwood Place

Crestwood, B.C., V6 T 7Q71-888-888-888

Sarahs Comput er Bin8424 Business Plaza

Vancou ver, B.C., V9W 2 T2

At t n: Sarah Norgaard

IN V O IC E F O R :

1 HP OfficeJet Ink jet Color Print er $ 583.97

GS T $ 29 .20

PS T $ 40 .88

4 Read these texts and answer the questions.a. Which of them ( I, II, or III) is a Curriculum Vitae?b. What job is mentioned in Text I?

c. What is the name of the device that produces a paper copy of the information on a computer screen?

5 29 Complete sentence a. with your own ideas. Then listen to the introduction of the listening text inthis unit and complete sentence b. How do the two sentences compare?

a. If you are looking for a job, ___________________________________________________ .

b. If you are looking for a job, ___________________________________________________ .

M r. C harles ReaderNew Y ork T imes1111 5th AvenueNew Y ork C it y , New Y ork 2222

Dear M r. Reader , F or t he past 10 years , I have f ollowed your career and have been

f ascinat ed by your invent ions. T hat is why , when I saw t he advert isement in t he paper f or t he posit ion of an I T eng ineer in your company , I t houg ht I would really lik e t o apply f or it .

I

II

J a n e t Du n c a n 101 M ain S t ree t , Ne w Y or k Ci t y

Ne w Y or k , N Y P hone: 555-555-5555Ce l l: 555-666-6666E mai l: emai l@emai l.com

Consu l t an t P h ysician Pri va te Prac t ice2005 - Prese ntNe w Yor k , N Y

1 . Ne w Y or k M edica l Sc hoo l

M DNe w Yor k , N Y , 2002-2005

2 . A l ban y M edica l Sc h oo l MSA l ba n y , N Y 1998-2002


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56 UNIT 3

PREPARING A CVLesson 1

READING

BEFORE YOU READ

1 Answer and discuss these questions in your group.a. How do people apply for jobs?b. What is the difference between a Curriculum Vitae and an application letter?c. How long do you think a CV should be?

2 What characteristics should one have to apply for these jobs? Match thesuggestions ( a d ) with the jobs ( 1 4 ).

a. You should be a careful driver.b. You should be comfortable working at heights.c. You should have a cheerful and friendly personality.d. You should not be afraid of wild animals.

Wildlife photographer

1

Party entertainer

3

Trapeze artist

2

Ambulance driver

4

3 In pairs, discuss why different jobs require different characteristics. Why cantwe all be pilots, neurosurgeons, lion tamers, or car mechanics? What qualitiesare needed to become each of these professionals?

Resume

Curriculum Vitae


I'm the oneyou want. In my last

job, every time anythingwent wrong, they said

I was responsible.

In this job, weneed someone who is

responsible.


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PROFESSIONS 57

Lesson 1

READING4 Read the list below with a partner. Tick ( ) the kind of information you shouldinclude in your Curriculum Vitae, mark with a cross ( ) the information youshould not put in your CV, and with a question mark (?) the information youmight include. Compare with other classmates. Justify your choices.

a. ____ Address and telephone number.b. ____ Age and place of birth.

c. ____ Education.d. ____ Favourite holiday place.e. ____ Hobbies.f. ____ Languages you speak.g. ____ Name and surname.h. ____ Pets you like and dislike.i. ____ Reasons why you hate your current employer. j. ____ References.

WHILE YOU READ

5 Read the sample CV on Page 59 and put these headings ( a f ) in thecorrect places ( I VI).

a. Optional Information d. Personal Informationb. Contact Information e. Employment Historyc. Professional Qualifications f. Education History

6 Read the completed CV and check your predictions in Exercise 4 .

7 Scan the tips on Page 59 . Which job from Exercise 2 is mentioned?

8 Read the tips on Page 59 and decide which actions you should and whichones you shouldnt do. Write You should / You shouldnt in the provided spaces.

9 In which of the tips ( Tip 1 - Tip 8 ) can you find a reference to these aspects?a. ____ Format of the CV.b. ____ Spelling and grammar.c. ____ Things potential employers do not want to know about you.

d. ____ Things you should not include in a CV.

10 Read the text PREPARING A CV on Page 58 and answer these questions.

a. What do you need a CV for?b. What can you explain at a job interview?c. What should you promote and what should you avoid mentioning in a CV?

most employers make adecision whether toemploy someone or not inthe first two minutes of theinterview? That is why it isvery important to make agood first impression.

Did you know that...


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58 UNIT 3

READING

Adapted from: Jackson, A., Geckeies, K. (2003).

H o w t o P r ep a r eY ou r C u r r ic u lu m V it ae . (3rd ed.). Ne w York: McGra w-Hill.

T h e F ir st Step To Getting A J o b

A C u r ric u l um Vi tae is a ma r k e ting too l.

Wi t h yo u r C u r ric u l um Vi tae, common l y

ref e r red to as a C V o r a res ume, yo u

s ho u ld p romo te yo u r s k i l ls and q ua li ties and yo u s ho u ld no t hig h lig h t o r

s t ress yo u r s ho r tcomings and

p ro b lems. Imagine t he C V as a

b roc h u re t ha t wi l l lis t t he bene ts of a

pa r tic u la r jo b o r se rvice, t he se rvice

being yo u r time and s k i l ls! W hen

w ri ting a C V yo u o ug h t to loo k a t i t

f rom an em p lo ye rs poin t of view.

Ne two r k ing and in te rviewing a re

essen tia l f o r yo u r jo b h un t; yo u r C V is

j us t t he rs t s te p in t he jo b sea rc h .

If yo u a re invi ted f o r an in te rview, yo u

wo u ld t hen be in a posi tion to ex p lain

and ex pand on w ha t is in yo u r C V. Yo u

mig h t wan t to p re pa re yo u rse lf f o r t he

in te rview and as k a f riend o r re la tive to

rs t read yo u r C V to c hec k i t f o r e r ro rs

and a lso to of f e r yo u some advice on t he

s t r uc t u re of t he C V. Second, yo u mig h t

wan t to as k yo u r f riend to in te rview

yo u f o r t he posi tion yo u a re a p p l ying f o r,

ma k ing t his ro le p la y as simi la r to rea l

lif e as possi b le.

O p posi te is a lis t of t hings yo u s ho u ld

and s ho u ld no t do w hen w ri ting yo u r

rs t c u r ric u l um vi tae. Yo u wi l l a lso nd

an exam p le of a C V yo u s ho u ld l l in as p rac tice.

Yo u mig h t as k yo u rse lf t hese

q ues tions w hen w ri ting yo u r

C u r ric u l um Vi tae.

Wo u ld yo u s tand o u t

agains t t he com pe ti tion

( t he o t he r candida tes)?

Wo u ld t he manage r wan t to ta l k to yo u f o r a

possi b le jo b?

Yo u wi l l need a C V f o r t he f o l lowing si t ua tions:

w hen a p p l ying f o r a jo b;

w hen a p p l ying f o r a sc ho la rs hi p ;

w hen a p p l ying f o r admission

to a unive rsi t y;

w hen a p p l ying f o r s pea k ing engagemen ts,

lec t u res, conf e rences;

w hen p u b lis hing yo u r wo r k.

P R E PA R I N G A C V

Skill: (noun) a particular ability or type of ability.Shortcoming: (noun) a deficiency or a flaw. Scholarship: (noun) a grant; money given to sb by anorganisation to help to pay for their education.Search: (noun) an attempt to find something.


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PROFESSIONS 59

T ip 5: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ use t ex t box es or t ables because agencies may w ish t o r ef or mat your CV and t hat w ill cause

pr oblems. Inst ead, use t he simple f or mat pr ov ided her e.

READING

Readable: (adj.) clear and easy to read.Glance: (noun) a quick look.

T i p 4 :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c

he ck y our s pe l l i ng, o n ce,

t w i ce i f ne cessar y. Ha ve o t hers read i t . T here

is

n o t h i ng as bad as read i ng a C V fu l l o f gra m mar a

nd

s pe l l i ng err ors.

T ip 8 : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ inc l ud e a p ho t o o f yo ur s e l f unl e s s yo u ar e an ac t o r o r a mo d e l . Y o ur e mp l o ye r mig ht w ant t o j ud g e yo u b y yo ur e x p e r ie nc e r at he r t han yo ur l o o k s .

T i p 6 :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_

i n c l u de t he re a s o n s w h y y o u

h a te y o u r c u r re n t e m p l o ye r

a n d w a n t t o le a ve t he j o b.

L i k e w i se, d o n o t te l l y o u r

p o te n t i a l e m p l o ye r y o u r

pe r s o n a l p r o b le m s a n d w h y

y o u m i g h t be l a te t o w o r k

f r o m t i me t o t i me.

Tip 1:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

prepare for the jo b requiremen ts and read the

jo b ad ver tisemen t be fore

wri ting your C V. I f you are

applying for a sales posi t ion,

you will no t need to in clude

your work e xperien ce as a par ty en ter tainer.

T ip 2 : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ us e c lear f o r mat t ing o n yo ur CV - t her e is no p o int in hav ing gr eat c o nt ent if it is ho r r ib le t o lo o k at ! _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ mak e it r ead ab le at f ir s t glanc e no emp lo yer w ill w ant t o go t hr o ugh a CV t hat is w r it t

en as o ne b lo c k o f w o r d s , w it h no s p ac es in-b et w een.

Tip 3:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

be nea t , clear, and con cise.

Do no t mak e your C V too long;

no body, apar t from your

paren ts and grandparen ts,

wan ts to read a 5-page C V

de tailing your a c ting or

singing e xperien ce while

in k indergar ten.

Tip 7:___________ lie about yourexperience. If you are tempted to stretch

the truth about your work history - do not.Most employers conduct reference andbackground checks and if your curriculumdoes not match your actual work history oreducation, you will most likely get caughtat some point.

Sample C ur riculum V itae TemplateI. __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ Name and surname Address Telephone CellPhone EmailII.

Place of Birth Date of Birth GenderIII.

List in chronological order; include position details, employer name, and dates.

IV . Start with Secondary School and then any f urtherstudies

V . Certications and Accreditation / ComputerSkills

V I.

Awardsandhonours Languages spoken Interests References

You can find more tips to write a CV athttp://www.cvtips.com/


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60 UNIT 3

Lesson 1

READING AFTER YOU READ

11 Read these definitions of words from the text and complete the words.

a. A formal meeting in person to assess the qualifications of an applicant.

ie v w

b. Financial aid provided to a student on the basis of academic merit.

s c h s h

c. A public promotion of some product or service.

d r t i t

d. A person or firm that employs workers.

m e r

12 26 In pairs, match the questions ( a i) with the answers ( i ix).Put the conversation in order and check with the recording. Practise theconversation with a partner and then role play it in front of the class.

a. How many times should I check my CV for errors?b. Should I tell my future employer about my experience as a

party entertainer?c. Should I type or write my CV by hand?d. What happens if I lie about my work experience?e. When should I use a CV?f. Why is it important to check spelling and grammar?g. Why should my CV be concise?h. Why should my CV look nice?i. Would you recommend that I include my photo in the CV?

i. As many times as necessary.ii. Because employers pay attention to grammar and spelling errors.iii. Because first impressions are important.iv. Because no employer will want to read a CV several pages long.v. Its better to type, as its more readable.vi. Only if you are a model or an actor, and your appearance

is important.vii. Only if you are applying for a position in the

entertainment business.viii. When you apply for a job, or a scholarship, or a grant.ix. You might be caught out because employers often do a

background check on candidates.

Learning tipWhen practising a longconversation like this, youcan divide it into smaller

chunks and first practiseeach chunk. Then beginwith the first and startadding one chunk at a time,until you are saying thecomplete conversation.


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PROFESSIONS 61

14 QUICK SELF CHECK Use the modal verbs you have learnt in thislesson to make recommendations for the following situations. 10 pts.

a. I eat a lot of junk food such as hamburgers and chips.

b. I had an argument with my best friend.c. My friend Sheila drives her dads car without a driving licence.d. My neighbours play loud music very late at night.e. John lost his wallet with his ID in the supermarket today.

(See Answers and rubrics on Page 162 ).0 to 2 You havent learnt to use the modal verbs in this lesson to make recommendations. Revise again.3 to 6 You have learnt to use the modal verbs in this lesson to make recommendations, but could do better. Good job!7 to 10 You have learnt to use the modal verbs in this lesson to make recommendations. Excellent!

License

Licence

American v/s British Engli

13 Use what you have learnt in the Language Note to say / writerecommendations for the situations in the pictures.

1 2 3

Notice

Language Note

should / should not might ought to

a. You should promote your skillsand qualities.

b. You should not highlight or stressyour shortcomings and problems.

c. You might want to ask your friendto`interview you.

d. You ought to look at it from youremployers point of view.

Modal verbs

Examples from the text

RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

We express recommendations andsuggestions using should / shouldnt ,ought to / oughtnt to,and might /might not.They are followed by an infinitivewithoutto; in the case ofought to theparticletois part of the verb and notpart of an infinitive.

Lesson 1

READING


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16 APPLICATION TASK WRITING

You are going to write your CV.a. Go back to Page 59 and review the tips and the format of the CV.b. It would be ideal if you could write your CV on the computer, so revise

these notes:

HOW TO USE MICROSOFT OFFICE WORD 2007

1. Open up Microsoft Word and start a new blankdocument: click on the icon that looks like a blankpage with one corner turned down.

2. Begin the process by saving: click on the circularMicrosoft Office logo in the upper left hand cornerof the window.

You should see a little menu pop-up withmultiple options.

Leave the cursor over the words Save As . Thisgives you the option of what kind of documentyou want it to be, where you are going to save it,and what the name of the document will be.

a. There are many different kinds of file typeoptions. Click on Word 97-2003 Document orWord Document. Word 97-2003 Documentallows other people to see it, even if they haveolder versions of Word and havent installed theOffice 2007 Compatibility Pack, while if you useWord Document, only people that have Word2007 or the Compatibility Pack can open it.

Saving should look something like this.

62 UNIT 3

Lesson 1

READING 15 When you write a CV, you list the places where you studied (schools,institutes, universities) and the places where you have worked. What do younotice about the way the names of places are written in the sentencesbelow? Compare your findings with another student.

a. John attended Sacred Heart Elementary between 2000 and 2008.b. Katie got accepted at Harvard University.

c. Congratulations! I heard you got a job with British Telecom.d. Javiera Prez studied at Liceo 7.e. Melanie bought her tickets to Dublin from Aer Lingus, the Irish airline.


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c. Write the six headings a CV should have. Makesure that you understand what kind ofinformation should go under each heading.

d. Write all the correct information about yourselfunder the headings.

e. Decide if you want to includereferences and optional information,such as hobbies and interests.

f. Ask a partner or your teacher tocheck grammar and spelling.

g. Print your CV.

h. To evaluate your work, go back to Page 59 andconsider these points.

If (), possible solutionFollowed tips providedRespected a CV structureIncluded all requiredinformationUsed correct languageUsed the computerappropriately

Adapted from: Tipper and 17 others editors. (n.d).How to useMicrosoft Office 2007 . Retrieved May 30, 2008 from

http://www.wikihow.com/Use-Microsoft-Office-Word-2007 Selecting a font called Tahoma.

3. Go back to the empty document. Choose a fontthat you like: Arial, Calibri (Body), or Tahoma.This picture shows you what to choose from.

4. Type what you need to type.

b. If this is your first time using Microsoft WordOffice 2007, create a new folder for yourdocuments. Just type something like 'SampleDocuments' or another name of your choice.

PROFESSIONS 63

17 Answer the following questions in your group.

a. What have you learnt about writing a CV? What common mistakes shouldyou avoid? Do you think you are now ready to apply for a job?

b. If you were the owner of a company, would you consider an applicantslooks very important? Why? Why not?

c. What do you think of gender/age/race/religion discrimination whenapplying for a job? How do you think it can be avoided?


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64 UNIT 3

ADVERTISING FOR JOBSLesson 2

LISTENING

BEFORE YOU LISTEN

1 Answer and discuss these questions in your group.a. Have you ever applied for a job? What type? Did you get it?b. Whats the best place to look for jobs?

2 Sequence these illustrations from 1 to 3. Describe the actions using theprovided sentences and the sequencing words first , next , and finally.

a. He wrote his CV.b. He sent the CV to his potential employers.c. He went to an interview.

3 In your group, read the factors you would consider when choosing a job (a h ). Rank them from 1 (not important) to 8 (extremely important).

a. ___ Additional benefits. e. ___ Job stability.

b. ___ Distance from home to work. f. ___ Possibility of extra training.c. ___ Friendly boss. g. ___ Possibility of promotion.d. ___ Good working environment. h. ___ Salary.

4 Which of the points in Exercise 3 do you think will appear in a job advertisement?

5 27 Read the words in the box with your partner. Listen to the recording,pay special attention to the underlined parts, and answer these questions.

a. Is the sound different in Spanish?b. What happens when there is a double r? Is this the same in Spanish?

around culinary experience hiring Mediterranean necessary races regular required restrictions

resume salary secretary starring write

6 28 Listen and repeat these words. Check meanings in a dictionary.

crew crowds feature film frustrated hiring shoot

1 2 3


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PROFESSIONS 65

Lesson 2

LISTENINGWHILE YOU LISTEN

7 29 Listen to the recording and check your predictions in Exercise 4 .

8 29 Number these jobs in the order they are mentioned._____ Film extra _____ Legal secretary _____ Assistant chef

9 29 Listen again and complete this chart.

Write to JenniferSpells, of theMediterraneanCruise Company

9 am - 6 pm for 10continuous days

Outside Brisbane

Job title Working hours Salary Location How to apply

10 29 Listen again and circle what you hear.

a. You will be required to buy and offer / prepare and serve meals.

b. Youd better get your resume / CV ready because the interviews are startingnext week.

c. The film company needs all types / kinds of people.

d. Youll see your face in cinemas / advertisements around the world.

AFTER YOU LISTEN

11 Read these extracts from three resumes and decide which of the jobsmentioned in the recording each person should apply for. Explain why.

a. John Harris, 22 yearsold. Currentlyunemployed. Lovesacting and singing.

b. Sheila Stanford, 26.Dreams of travelling. Two years ofgastronomy at theEcole Culinaire, Paris.

c. Glen Robinson, 32.Personal Assistant fora marketing company.Diploma in legalsystems. Own car.


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66 UNIT 3

Lesson 2

LISTENING

12 Say / write recommendations replying to these statements. Match thesituations with the pictures on the left.

a. I have a puncture in my back tyre.b. Its very cold and the rain hasnt stopped.c. We almost drowned because of the huge wave.

13 30 An employer is talking to a new employee . Apply what you have learntabout the use of should, youd better and might to fill in the blanks. Check withthe recording and then role play the monologue for the class.

The rules are simple. You ____________ arrive at 8:30 am and leave at 6 pm.You ____________ never be late. As soon as you arrive, you ____________mark your attendance card in the employee time clock. You ____________also mark it before leaving. We work from Monday to Friday, but you ____________ get a few extra hours once a month, on a Saturday morning.You can either come by car or you can take the bus. You ____________ wantto talk to your colleagues to ask where to take it. We all have lunch here inthe shop, so you ____________ bring your lunch; the nearest restaurant is 20minutes from here! The warehouse where youll be working is quite dusty, sowe will give you a uniform; you ____________ wash it every week, either athome or ask someone to do it for y