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AIAKOHARRIA
Descriptionandsituation Palaeozoicgranitemassif,locatedinthe
foothillsofthePyrenees,intheeasternend
ofGipuzkoa.
Surfacearea 6,806ha
Protectionstatus ZEC-NATURA2000(ES2120016)
Otherregionalornationalprotections NaturalParksince1995
Mainuses Preferablyforestry.Thelevelareas(8%)are
locatedonthehighestcrestsandhills.
Ownership 83%PublicUtilityMountain.
HabitatstargetedbyLIFE (4030)DryEuropeanheath,(6230)plantformationswithNardus,(7140)transitionmires.
Thesehabitatsoccupy8%ofthetotalsurfaceareaoftheZEC.
AiakoHarriaisamassiflocatedinthenorth-easternzoneofGipuzkoa,ontheborderwith
Navarre.Thisisabruptterrainwithelevationshardlyexceeding800metresinheight.The
spaceencompassespartoftheBidasoaRiver'sleftshore,whichactsastheeasternborderfor
theZEC.
AiakoHarria'sterrain,wheretheoldestmaterialsinEuskadiaretobefound,datebacktothe
Palaeozoicperiod.Severalrangesofelevations,thesunandshadeslopes,andthethermal
conditionsoftheravinesmakeavariedplantlandscape,markedbytheacidityofthesubstrate
andmodifiedbyafforestation.
Halfofthesurfaceareaisoccupiedbyforestplantationswithconifersanddeciduoustrees.
Forestswithautochthonousspecieshavebeenreduced,althoughthereisstillahighnumber
ofbeech,Pyreneanoakandmatureoakgrovesthathostagreatnumberofspecies,someof
whichareendangered,suchastheblackwoodpecker,orthatareofcommunityinterest,such
assaproxylicinsects(RosaliaalpinaandLucanuscervus).
ThehabitatsformingthemountainpastureenvironmenttargetedbythisLIFEoccupy542ha
andarelocatedonthehillsandhighpartsofthemountainrange.Thesearepasture
communitieswhereacidophileheathisofnote(inmanycases,initsmostdeterioratedstate,
havingbecomegorse)andmountainmeadows,thatoffershelterandfoodtoendangered
fowl-faunaspecies,suchasthehenharrierandthegriffonvulture.Ofthefloraassociatedwith
pastures,thespeciesDaphnecneorumisofnote,cataloguedas"Endangered"intheBasqueCatalogueofEndangeredSpeciesoftheBasqueCountryAutonomousCommunity.
Inthisspace,withtheOREKAMEDIANproject,theaimistoalleviatetheeffectscausedbythe
imbalanceinthelivestockload,adaptingittoeachkindofhabitatandbycontrollingthe
spreadofbrush.AnattemptwillalsobemadetoregeneratetheEndaraoakgrove,andthe
existingmarsheswillberestoredtoensurethefutureoftheendangeredfloraassociatedwith
them.