Cap 7. Aplicaciones en Bioestratigrafía de Foraminíferos

7/18/2019 Cap 7. Aplicaciones en Bioestratigrafía de Foraminíferos

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FORAMINIFERA AND THEIRAPPLICATIONS

Camila María Díaz Suárez

CAPITULO 7:BIOESTRATIGRAF A



CONTENIDO• I!"r#$u%%i&!• Pa'el $e l#( )#rami!í)er#( e! la

*i#e("ra"i+ra)ía• Pale#z#i%#• Me(#z#i%#• Ce!#z#i%#• Bi#e("ra"i+ra)ía , "e%!#l#+ía( $e

-i(ualiza%i&! a(#%ia$a(• E(%ala( $e "iem'# *i#e("ra"i+rá.%a(



BIOESTRATIGRAFIA• I!-#lu%ra el u(# $e )&(ile( e! el

#r$e!amie!"# $el re+i("r# $e la( r#%a( e!el "iem'#/

•

Se *a(a e! el 'ri!%i'i# )u!$ame!"al $eSmi"0 1le, $e e("ra"#( i$e!"i.%a$#( '#r)&(ile( #r+a!iza$#(/2



HERRAMIENTAS DE LABIOESTRATIGRAF A

• Ma%r#)&(ile(: i$e!"i.%a*le( e! %am'#• Mi%r#)&(ile(: )#rami!í)er#(

–

Lar+er Be!"i% )#rami!i)era 3LBF(4#*(er-a*le( e! mue("ra( $e ma!# – Gra!$e( Fu(uli!i$#( $el P5rmi%# e! !ue-# M56i%#

, $e Te6a( e! USA – Gra!$e( A+lu"i!a$#( $el Cre"á%i%# $el me$i#

#rie!"e – Gra!$e( Mili#li$#( , R#"alii$a $el Pale#+e!# e! el

me$i# #rie!"e8 !#r"e $e 9)ri%a8 !#r"e $eSuram5ri%a8 el %ari*e , l#( Piri!e#(



NDICE BIOESTRATIGR9FICO OF SILES MARCADORES

• DOS CARACTERISTICAS COMUNES: – Al"a( "a(a( e-#lu"i-a( , ra!+#(

e("ra"i+rá.%#( %#r"#( –

Di("ri*u%i&! e%#l&+i%# !# re("ri!+i$aA*u!$a!"e(8 *ie!'re(er-a$#( , )á%ile( $ei$e!"i.%ar/

Mu%0#( (#!'la!%"&!i%#(



;ONACION BIOESTRATIGR9FICA OBIO;ONACI N

• La UNIDAD FUNDAMENTAL $e la *i#e("ra"i+ra)ía e( laBIO;ONA/

• De.!i$a( '#r: – E-#lu%i&!

<Da"# $e Primera a'ari%i&! 3FAD(4<Primera #%urre!%ia 3FO(4<=l"ima #%urre!%ia $e )#!$# $e '#z#/ 3LDO(4 3I!$u("ria $el 'e"r&le#4/ – E6"i!%i&!

<Da"# $e >l"ima a'ari%i&! 3LAD(4<Ul"ima #%urre!%ia

<Primera #%urre!%ia $e )#!$# $e '#z#3FDO(4 # 1"#'(2 3I!$u("ria $el 'e"r&le#4/

– Ra!+# T#"al8 'ar%ial # %#!%urre!"e3(#*re'ue("#4

– A*u!$a!%ia( # a%me(



– E! i!$u("ria $e 'e"r&le# la *i#z#!a (e$e.!e %#! el FDO8 #%urre!%ia $e )#!$#$e '#z#8 # 1"#'(2 '#r?ue la( *a(e(

'ue$e! a'are%er *a@a( e! mue("ra( $e%#r"e $e za!@a '#r %#!"ami!a%i&! $el0ue%#

– El "#'e 'ue$e a'are%er al"# '#rre"ra*a@amie!"#

– El "#'e 'ue$e a'are%er *a@# e! ele-e!"# $e ?ue la r#%a a'arez%a

i!%#m'le"a/ O %#!"e!+a )a%ie( !#)a-#ra*le(



CORRELACIONBIOESTRATIGRAFICA

•

La %#rrela%i&! e( mu, im'#r"a!"e e! la%#!("ru%%i&! $e (e+me!"#( $e "iem'# 're%i(#, (i+!i.%a"i-#/

• E( (u'eri#r a la %#rrela%i&! li"#e("ra"i+rá.%a : I$e!"i.%a%i&! $e u!i$a$e( $e r#%a ?ue (#!

%#rrela%i#!a*le( e! "iem'# , e('a%i# # (#! i(&%r#!a( Di(%rimi!a%i&! $e la( ?ue !# (#! %#rrela%i#!a*le(8 #

(#! $ia%r#!a(/• Permi"e i!"e+rar

– De(%ri'%i&! # %ara%"eriza%i&! $el re(er-#ri# – La m#$ela%i&! # (imula%i&! $e re(er-#ri# – La e6'l#"a%i&! $el re(er-#ri#/





INTERPRETACION PALEOAMBIENTA•

Pue$e (er $a a$a '#r: – Fa%"#re( !a"urale( – Fa%"#re( "a)#!&mi%#( –

Fa%"#re( ar"i.%iale(• i$e!"i.%a%i&! 'ar%ial $e

e('e%ie(• (u*@e"i-i$a$ e i!e6a%"i"u$

e! la i$e!"i.%a%i&! $e e('e%ie(• i!"er're"a%i&! 'ar%ializa$a



APLICACIONES DE LABIOESTRATIGRAFIA

• A%a$emia• Cam'# $e la +e#l#+ía• Ge#l#+ía mari!a•

Ma'e# +e#l&+i%#

• E! el %am'# # el la*#ra"#ri#

Cara%"eriza%i&! $e e$a$C#rrela%i&! C#!("ru%%i&! $e u!a (e%ue!%ia "e%"&!i%a I!"er're"a%i&! $e 'ale#*a"ime"ría



• La i!$u("ria: – Ge#l#+ía $el 'e"r&le# – Ge#l#+ía mi!eral – Ge#l#+ía i!+e!ieril – Ar?ue#l#+ía

APLICACIONES DE LABIOESTRATIGRAFIA



FORAMINIFEROS ENBIOESTRATIGRAF A

TIPO TAMA O UTILIDAD AGUAS TIEMPO LUGAR



TIPO TAMA O UTILIDAD AGUAS TIEMPO LUGARFORAMINIFEROS PROTEINICOS 3All#+r#mii$a4

N# 0a, e@em'lare( a!"i+u#(8 ?ue (e (e'aFORAMINIFEROS AGLUTINADOS 3A("r#r0izi$a a!$ Li"u#li$a4

'e?ue #( re+i#!alme!"e 'r#)u!$a( Me(#Ce!#z#i%#

Al"a( la"i"u$e( au("rale( ,$#mi!i#( *#reale( , *a@a(la"i"u$e( e! $#mi!i#( $el "e"i(

+ra!$e( i!"erre+i#!alme!"e S#mera( Me(#Ce!#z#i%# Te"i(FORAMINIFEROS BENTONICOS CALCAREOS PE UE OS GRANDES

3Fu(uli!i$a8 Mili#li$a8 N#$#(arii$a8 Bulimi!i$a8 R#*er"i!i$a , R#"alii$a4

Fu(uli!i$a'e?ue #( l#%alme!"e

(#mera( Me(#Ce!#z#i%#/ Te"i(+ra!$e( i!"er

re+i#!alme!"e

Mili#li$a

'e?ue #( L#%alme!"e (#mera( Me(#Ce!#z#i%#/ Te"i(+ra!$e( I!"erre+i#!alme!"e

N#$#(arii$a L#%alme!"e (#mera( Me(#z#i%# N $e Eur#'a , N#r"e Am5ri%a8

e! u! $#mi!i# B#realBulimi!i$a L#%alme!"e $i(#6i%a( Me(#

Ce!#z#i%# Te"i( au("rale( , *#reale(

R#*er"i!i$

al#%alme!"e S#mera( Me(#z#i%#

N $e Eur#'a , )#rmalme!"e%#!"i!u#( e! N#r"e ameri%a8 e!el $#mi!i# B#real/

R#"alii$a'e?ue #( re+i#!alme!"e S#mer# a

'r#)u!$a(Me(#Ce!#z#%i# Te"i( 8 Au("ral , B#real

+ra!$e( i!"erre+i#!alme!"e (#mera( Me(#

%e!#z#i%# Te"i(FORAMINIFEROS PLANCTONICOS 3Gl#*i+eri!i$a4

+l#*alme!"e Cre"á%i%#

Ce!#z#i%#O*er0au(e l#%alme!"e Tria(i%#

ura(i%#





RESUMEN• L#( e@em'lare( +ra!$e( $e F#rami!i)era

A++u"i!a!"i+8 Fu(uli!i$a8 Mili#li$a , R#"alii$a8(#! i!"er re+i#!alme!"e >"ile( e! e("ra"i+ra)íae! el 'ale#z#i%# "ar$í#8 me(#z#i%# ,Ce!#z#i%#/

• L#( Gl#*i+eri!i$a (#! +l#*aleme!"e u"ile(8 e!el Me(#z#i%# , Ce!#z#i%#/ E60i*e! ra!+#(

e("ra"i+rá.%#( %#r"#( , '#r (u 0á*i"# $e li*re!a$a$#r8 "ie!e +ra! i!$e'e!$e!%ia ,$i("ri*u%i&! e%#l&+i%a am'lia/ Sie!$# i$eale(%#m# )&(ile( mar%a$#r/



PALEO;OICO• E(?uema( $e *i#z#!a%i&! *a(a$#( e!

Fu(uli!i$a (e e("a*le%ier#! 'ara elPale#z#i%# Tar$í# ?ue "ie!ea'li%a*ili$a$ i!"erre+i#!al , e! 'ale#"e"i(/

• U(# 'ar"i%ular: me$i# #rie!"e8 !#r"e$e 9)ri%a8 I!$ia



MESO;OICO• E(?uema $e *i#z#!a%i&! *a(a$# e! l#(

+ra!$e( )#rami!í)er#( a+lu"i!a$#(8Mili#li$a , R#"alii$a8 0a! (i$#e("a*le%i$#( 'ara 'ar"e( $el Me(#z#i%#?ue "ie!e! a'li%a*ili$a$ i!"er re+i#!al ,

Te"i(/•

ari#( e(?uema( 0a! (i$# %ali*ra$#(%#! u!a e(%ala $e "iem'#%r#!#e("ra"i+rá.%a # +e#%r#!#l&+i%a

'#r me$i# $e la *i#e("ra"i+ra)ía $e



• La *i#z#!a%i&! *a(a$a e!Gl#*i+eri!i$a 0a (i$# e("a*le%i$a ?ue%#!"ie!e a'li%a*ili$a$ +l#*al

• U(# 'ar"i%ular e!: Me$i# Orie!"e ,!#r"e $e 9)ri%a8 I!$ia8 Cue!%a( $elA"lá!"i%# Sur8 E("e $e la %ue!%a $e

e!ezuela , el G#l)# $e M56i%#/

MESO;OICO









CENO;OICO• E(?uema $e *i#z#!a%i&! e("a *a(a$# e! l#(

)#rami!í)er#( a+lu"i!a$#( +ra!$e(8 Mili#li$a , R#"alii$a8i!%lu,e!$#l#( *i#m5"ri%ame!"e # m#r)#m5"ri%ame!"e80a! (i$# e("a*le%i$#( 'ara el Ce!#z#i%# ?ue "ie!e!

a'li%a*ili$a$ i!"er re+i#!al , "e"i(/ ari#( $e l#(e(?uema( 0a! (i$# %ali*ra$#( %#! la e(%ala $e "iem'#%r#!#e("ra"i+rá.%a a*(#lu"a # +e#%r#!#l#+i%a 'ara la*i#e("ra"i+ra)ía $e )#rami!í)er#( 'la!%"&!i%#(

• Bi#z#!a( *a(a$a( e! Gl#*i+eri!i$a "ie!e a'li%a*ili$a$+l#*al/

• U(# 'ar"i%ular e!: Me$i# e("e , !#r"e $e a)ri%a8 I!$ia8Mar $el (ur8 %ue!%a (ali!a $el Sur el A"la!"i%#8 %ue!%a ae("e $e -e!ezuela , +#l)# $e me6i%#













BIOESTRATIGRAFIA ASOCIACIONISUAL DE TECNOLOGIAS

• TECNICAS CUANTITATI ASDe($e a%a$5mi%a e i!$u("ria8 i!%lu,e!#'"imiza%i&! re("ri!+i$a 3CONOP48a!áli(i( $e %#rre('#!$e!%ia 3CA48C#rrela%i&! +ra.%a 3GC48 C#rrela%i&!

'r#*a*ilí("i%a8 %la(i.%a%i&! , e(%ala3RASC4



C#!("re ir la #'"imiza%i&! 3CONOP4

• Pr#-ee u!a (e%ue!%ia $e"ermi!í("i%a$e e-e!"#( *i#e("ra"i+rá.%#( e!(e%%i#!e(8 u(a!$# m5"#$#( (imilare(a la au"#ma"e$ GC



ANALISIS DE CORRESPONDENCIA3CA4

• A!áli(i( "i'# ra%im# ?ue 'ue$e (eru(a$# 'ara i$e!"i.%a%i&! $e*i#z#!a(/



CORRELACION GR9FICA3GC4

• I!-#lu%ra %#rrela%i&! $e u!a #ramie!"# # (e%%i&! $e '#z#%#!"ra u!a %#m'#(i%i&! $e u!a(e%%i&! e("á!$ar +l#*al '#r "ra"ar aam*a( %#m# $#( e@e( $e%##r$e!a$a( , 'l#"ea!$# l#(

e-e!"#( (e$ime!"ari#( %#mu!e( 'araam*#( %#m# u!a (erie $e 'u!"#(



CLASIFICACION ESCALA3RASC4

• CLASIFICACION 3RA8 ra!Ji!+4 'r#-eeu!a (e%ue!%ia 'r#*a*ilí("i%a $ee-e!"#( *i#e("ra"i+rá.%#( e!(e%%i#!e(8 $e"ermi!a$# '#r "a!"e#ma!ual # u!a ma"riz $e 'ermu"a%i&!'#r %#m'u"a$#r/

•

ESCALA 3SC8 (%ali!+4 : u!a me$i$a$e la $i("a!%ia $e"ermi!a$a e!"ree-e!"#( '#r %ruzar )re%ue!%ia(/





ESCALAS DE TIEMPOESTRATIGR9FICA

• La( 'ri!%i'ale( e(%ala( $e "iem'#%r#!#e("ra"i+rá.%a( ,+e#%r#!#l&+i%a( ?ue i!%#r'#ra!$a"#( *i#e("ra"i+rá.%#( , %u*re!'eri#$#( (u*("a!%iale( $e "iem'# (#!la( $e Harla!$/

•

La e(%ala $e Ha? e( am'liame!"eu(a$a , e( u! e("á!$ar !# #.%ial



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Cap 7. Aplicaciones en Bioestratigrafía de Foraminíferos