Extractos de Los Libros El Paganismo Yoruba Por James Johnson y La Geomancia Astrologica en Africa Por J a Abayomi Cole 1899

7/24/2019 Extractos de Los Libros El Paganismo Yoruba Por James Johnson y La Geomancia Astrologica en Africa Por J a Abayomi Cole 1899

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@xtrnctfs o` lfs lkhrfs, @l ]ngneksdf [fruhn ]fr l Cfrr`ctf X`v. Fhkspf Ind`s Ifbesfe y G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn e "#rkcn ]`l ]rf#`sfr I. . hnyfdk Cfl`.

@xtrnctfs o` lfs lkhrfs

@l ]ngneksdf [fruhn

]fr`l Cfrr`ctf X`v. Fhkspf Ind`s Ifbesfe.

y

Ln G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn]fr

`l ]rf#`sfr I. . hnyfdk Cfl`.

$%ftn o` trnscrkpck!e& okncr'tkcns bne skof kgefrnons è `l skgukèt`(.

@l ]ngneksdf [fruhn, pfr `l Cfrr`ctf X`v. Fhkspf Ind`s Ifbesfe, `s tne ketèsndèt` ket`r`snet` )u`cuneof uen v`* ustò `dpk`*n n cktnrlf `s duy ok#'ckl o`+nr o` bnc`rlf. @l trnhn+f #u` `scrktf bnc` nlguefsnfs ntr-s, `l cunl può` s`r cfesko`rnof pfr su t'tulf `l cunl yf `stfy s`gurf dk ndkgf `l Fhkspf l` pfor'nnbfrn llndnr pfr nlge ftrf efdhr`. /e entkvf o` "#rkcn, Fhkspf Ifbesfe ètèokof ef d`rndèt` cfdfue snhkf y #`rvkèt` nokvkef, p`rf sk cfdf ue #rkcnef pntrk!tkcf neskfsf pfr keculcnr oètrf o` suscfdpn`rfs cfdpntrkftns ln v`rono`rn efhl`*n ` keo`pèoèckn o` `sp'rktu y cnr-ct`r. @st` bn skof dk prkvkl`gkf `l o` bnh`r okscutkof cfe =l è ducbns fcnskfe`s nlguefs o` lfs prfhl`dns r`lkgkfsfs )u` nbfrn pr`fcupne ln dèt` o`l #rkcnef òucnof, )ukè `st- `dp`*neof n s`r cfesckèt` o` ln dns nltn ès`ne*nè su prfpkn dktflfg'n. [f tfdf `stn fpfrtuekono pnrn ngrno`c`r nl Fhkspf pfr bnh`r pu`stf `st` trnhn+f ndk okspfskck!e y p`rdktkrd` cktnr tne lkh`rnldèt` o`so` `st`.

@l $`r %kvkef.>kfs `s cfdedèt` llndnof &Flfrue', uen cfetrn'on #frdn o` &@ektk(f(ek(frue', &`l %u`)f o` lfsCk`lfs'8 f o` &Flu(frue', `l I`#` è lfs Ck`lfs8 f &Frue', lfs ck`lfs, cunl `s uen nhr`vknon #frdn o`Flfrue y `s ètèokof n kdplkcnr ndhfs `l ck`lf y ln tk`rrn +uetfs, cunl sfe n v`c`s bnhlnofs o` +uetfs cfd`l /ekv`rsf. &lnky`', uen #frdn cfetrn'on o` &@ektk(f(ek(nky`', &`l %u`)f o` ln *k`rrn', f o` &Flu+n(ky`', &`l df o` ln *k`rrn', `l t=rdkef &ky`' skèof sfhr` ètèokof )u` kecluy` n ndhfs n ln tk`rrn y`l ck`lf +uetfs8 &Fluoudnr`', )u= nlguefs ket`rpr`tne )u` skgek#kcn& @l I`#`, f @l X`y )ukè `s `l 3k+f o`&@r`', y nlguefs cfesko`rne )u` r`pr`sètn &@l uef pfr sk`dpr` ,krtufsf', y nlguefs cfdf &%kfsFdekpftèt`'8 y &Flfek', uen #frdn cfetrn'on o` &Flu+n kek', `l >u`f o` tfons eu`strns pfs`skfe`s, yftrf kgunl`s efdhr`s, ducbfs o` lfs cunl`s sfe cfdedèt` nplkcnofs n ke#`rkfr`s y suhfrokenons>`kono`s, cfdf `rn `l cnsf cfe nlguens o` lns netkguns enckfe`s, cfdf, pfr `+`dplf, lfs Grk`gfs y lfsXfdnefs.

3fdhr`s, ndhfs o`so` su kecnpnckono o` nskr tftnldèt` `l ?e#kektf y pnrn su prfpkn cfevèkèckn, bn skofbnhktunof r`pr`sètnr n `st` 0`r pfr `l dksdf pfr nlguefs o` sus ntrkhutfs )u` kdpr`skfenrn d-s#u`rt`dèt` )u` ftrfs, f, n trnv=s o` nlguen hèokck!e `sp`cknl o` @l 0`r pfr ln cunl =l `st` ntnof cfdfvnlfr frokenrkf, y nlguens v`c`s cfetkè` =l dksdf cfe trnes#`rèckn pnrn 1l o` ue efdhr` )u` @l buhfnplkcnof net`s n nlguen o`kono suhfrokenon. s' lfs grk`gfs cfdf ftrns rn*ns nrkns bnhlne o`l 1l cfdf&-ùs' f &Ipkt`r', 7@l >kfs o` lu*2, f `l 7>kfs o` ck`lf2, y &*b`fs', `l 70`r )u` bn b`cbf y bn cflfcnoftfons lns cfsns28 lfs Iuo/fs bnhlne o`l 1l ètr` ftrfs efdhr`s cfdf 7@l uef ]fo`rfsf28 `l =egl>s tfonv'n




nplkcn pnrn 1l `l efdhr` 0n+!e o` `l &Gfo', 7uen kdngè `sculpkon2, cunl `llfs tè'ne net`s o` sucfev`rsk!e n ln Crkstkneono nplkcnon n uen o`kono ke#`rkfr8 y lfs [fruhn bnhlne o`l 1l cfdf &Flfrue',7`l >u`f o` lfs Ck`lfs2, f, 7@l I`#` uef è, f, @l X`y o` lfs Ck`lfs2.

@l ed`rf o` okfs`s [fruhn cfdedèt` r`cfefckofs `s 83?, p`rf `s `strkctndèt` d-s cfrr`ctf o`ckr )u

`l ed`rf `s 033, gè`rnldèt` cflfcnofs hn+f 1 okvkskfe`s, 133, cfdf lfs 7nhnln+fs pfor'ne o`ckr,uhkcnofs è `l lnof o` ln dnef o`r`cbn, y 833 è `l lnof o` ln dnef k*)uk`ron. ]`rf lfs okfs`s )u` dnscfdedèt` s` l` rkeok! cultf sfe =#2, Fouou+n, Fhnetn y Fhneln su `spfsn, Fsue, Fgue, [`dn;n,7uru9u, Fhnlu#fe, Frksn(f9f, y $fpfeef, $negf y Fhntnln.:?<

@stns >`kono`s sfe gè`rnldèt` cfefckons ètr` efsftrfs cfdf &Frksbns', ue t=rdkef cunl, o`spu=s lntrnokck!e r`lkgkfsn o`l pn's, #u` frkgkenldèt` nplkcnon n nlguefs skèof )ukè`s =#2, u Fruedkln, `l 3k+f o>kfs, skof èvknof cfe ftrfs pnrn huscnr nlròòfr y cfl`cckfenr +uetfs ln snhkour'n )u` =l tè'n r`pnrtkonnlròòfr, y )ukè`s tuvk`rfe =xktf è su hs)uòn y cfl`cck!e nue)u` ftrfs #nllnrfe, y )uk=e`s `stuvk`rfebnhlneof o` cfdf &+fe tk f rk sn', `s o`ckr, n)u=llfs )u` tuvk`rfe =xktf è bnc`r su cfl`cck!e, y )uk=e`so`spu=s, y è cfes`cuèckn o` `stf, s` bkck`rfe fh+`tfs o` cultf. ]`rf ftrfs bne r`pr`sètnof `l t=rdkef&Frksbn' cfdf o`rkvnof o` ln ckrcuestneckn o` uen s`rkn ok#`rèckn sfhr` uen

:?. Cfdpnr` `l 7n9kck 7nck o` lfs 7nvklk y `l @hndk o` lfs 7kek

pnrtkculnr fcnsk!e ètr` ofs ndkgfs efdhrnofs rke y Fghn, uen ok#`rèckn è cunl nlguefs sup`rkfr`sket`rcòk`rfe, sfhr` ue #rngdètf o` c`r-dkcn rftn, 9`sp. o` ue vnlfr nr)u`fl!gkcf:, &=sbn', )u= `l uefbnh'n b`cbf è pr`sèt` nl ftrf, p`rf ue r`tfref o`l cunl `l onofr o`spu=s pfr èvkokn o`dneo!, y )u=o`spu=s o` s`r r`tfrenof #u` cfesko`rnof sngrnof y s` bk*f ue fh+`tf o` cultf8 y `llfs okcè )u` o`so` `stfcnon ftrf fh+`tf o` cultf s` bn llndnof ue &Frksbn' 9Frk<ksbn:, è nlusk!e nl #rngdètf o` c`r-dkcn rftnsfhr` o`l )u` buhf ln ok#`rèckn s`v`rn.

$negf, `l okfs o` ln ntd!s#`rn8 rndk#`, `l okfs o`l #u`gf8 ;`, `l okfs o`l cfd`rckf8 Fhnlu#fe, `l okfs oùe kdp`rkf pr!sp`rf8 4frk9ftf y F9`, okfs`s o`l enckdkètf<ekf8 lfs okfs`s o`l dnr, [`df;n, F9ue uFlf9ue, y Fsue8 `l okfs o` ln gu`rrn, y ln okfsn o` ln cn*n 9Fgue y Frnedkyne, Fsfsk y 5;n su `spfsn,Fhnlfgue y 9kpf su `spfsn, ` =9ulkghfghf:8 `l okfs o` ln ngrkculturn, Fgue8 lfs okfs`s o` ln prf#`c'n y cneck!e, =#n y @rkel`8 `l okfs o` ln `lfcuèckn, Fhntnln8 `l okfs o` ndfr y h`ll`*n, Flf9ue8 `l okfs o`snhkour'n, Flf9ue8 y lns o`kono`s o` ln cbkdè`n u bfref o` #u`gf, `l @gue, f `sp'rktus o` net`pnsnofsok#uetfs.

lguens o` lns >kvkekono`s [fruhn bne skof pr`stnons o`so` ftrns trkhus.

$negf, o`l t`rrktfrkf o` 6/g`r8 @9f(=#n, o` ln trkhu 9f9f8 y ;`, o` lfs @gue f trkhu ]fpf.

[fruhns cuyfs cultfs pngnefs ` ko!lntrns `s ue r`currèt` #`stkvnl è cunl uen okvkekono è pnrtkculnr `snofrnon, tkè` o`so` `stn ckrcuestneckn n dèuof oèfdkenof ue o'n è cnon ckclfs o` M o'ns o`so` `lefdhr` o` ln o`kono n cuyf s` l` rkeo` cultf y `st` `s cfesngrnof, pfr `+`dplf, ns' efsftrfs ècfetrndfs uo'n efdhrnof F;f In9utn, `s o`ckr, `l o'n cuneof In9utn f $bnegf:?< `s nofrnof8 F;f Fhntnln, `s o`ckr,`l o'n cuneof Fhntnln `s nofrnof8 F;f =#2, `s o`ckr, `l o'n cuneof =#2 `s nofrnof, f cuneof =l s` skètn èue trfef cfdf ue r`y8 F;f hnd`tn, `s o`ckr, `l o'n o` hnd`tn8 y F;f [`dn;n )u` tndhk=e `s F;f Frfcuneof ndhfs [`dn;n y lfs `sp'rktus o` lfs ok#uetfs net`pnsnofs s` nofrnhne.






cfe`ctnof cfe =l, y =stfs, +uetf cfe n)u=llfs o` lfs ftrf Fou, cnon nspkrnet` nl f#kckf o` &/e 7nhnln+f',)uk=e `s ue nokvkef f snc`roft` sncrk#kcnet`, s` `sp`rn )u` cfdprfd`tn su d`dfrkn, nue)u` `scnsndèt` bskof ècfetrnof uef )u` r`nlkc` tnl bn*nn. Hucbfs nprèoè o` cfrn*!e ue grne, cfesko`rnhl` ed`rf,cfe`ctnofs cfe lfs Fou prkeckpnl`s. 0fhr` ln npnrkèckn o` uen ?et`lkgèckn è `l nokvkef f cuècf o`cfesultnr, `l &7nhnln+f', pkèsn è nlguens o` lns bkstfrkns ntnons n =l, y o` cunl)uk`rn o` `llfs )u`

npnr`c` net` =l pnrn sntks#nc`r `l cnsf )u` n =l `s cfesultnof, =l ètr`gn su cfet`stnck!e o`so` `l Fr-culf, y pr`scrkh` `l sncrk#kckf )u` pfor'n s`r nc`ptnof.

@stfs, Cnon uef o` lfs cunl`s `s sk`dpr` sfe r`pr`sètnof è pnr`s y sfe bnhlnofs cfdf o` n ofs, sfeefdhrnofs ns'& @;k Fgh`, Fy`9ue d`;k, =+frk d`;k, @ok d`;k, 7nrn d`;k, F9nrne d`;k, 5rfsk d`;k,F+nrne d`;k, Fsn d`;k, Fgueon d`;k, @tur` d`;k, Fturupfe d`;k, Fs` d`;k, F#u d`;k y @9n d`;k. @f `l d`;k skgek#kcn ofs, ofhl`, f ue pnr.

@;k Fgh` `s cfesko`rnof `l d-s prkeckpnl, &@l %ux', f &=dp`rntfr' y &X`y', cunl nl npnr`c`r è `lcuècf cfesultfr sk`dpr` `s cfesko`rnof cfdf keokcnck!e o` cfduekcnck!e o` ue dèsn+` o` duy grnekdpfrtneckn, o`so` lfs t`rrènl`s sfh`rnefs ef `st-e ncfstudhrnof n vèkr y pnrnrs` net` su pu`hlf `llfsdksdfs y pfeè o` lnof `l tk`dpf skèof sus r`pr`sètnet`s f okputnofs `xc`ptuneof cuneof lncfduekcnck!e n s`r ètr`gnon `s o` uen rnrn kdpfrtneckn.

0uhfrokenofs Fous sfe cfestktukofs y r`pr`sètnofs pfr ln cfe+ueck!e o` ofs Fou prkeckpnl`s è uef y èue dksdf tk`dpf sfhr` `l cfesultnet` y `l cuècf nokvkenofr, `l uef è ln o`r`cbn y `l ftrf è ln k*)uk`ron`stn skdult-e`n npnrkèckn y su cfe+ueck!e uek=eofs` pnrn onrl`s sus r`sp`ctkvfs efdhr`s, pfr `+`dplf,cuneof @;k Fgh` y Fy`9ue npnr`cè +uetfs, `llfs s` ueè y +uetfs sfe llndnofs Fgh`<=y`9ue8 f sk @;kFgh` npnr`c` cfe Fgueon, `llfs ofs +uetfs sfe llndnofs Fgh`<Fgueon, y ns' suc`skvndèt` cfe tfof `lr`stf. @l prkd`rf o` lfs ofs efdhr`s è cfdhkenck!e `s sk`dpr` n)u`l o`l Fou )u` npnr`c` è `l lnof o` ldnef<k*)uk`rof.

Cnon eu`*, f ln cfl`cck!e, sfe cfdedèt` o`scrktns cfdf =9ke f 9ke )u` skgek#kcn uef #u`rt`, o`spu=s`llfs bne skof, cfe uen `lnhfrnon nctunck!e r`lkgkfsn, pu`stf nl lnof pnrn `l sngrnof prfp!sktf o`nokvkenck!e. 5n cfl`cck!e `s usunldèt` cuhk`rtf pfr ue =9ke, llndnof ue Fousf cunl `s cfesko`rnof cfdsfhr` skèof cfesultnof f ètr`gneof ue dèsn+`, o`so` ln pnr-hfln,<

&9ke lk n = pn( n 9k lu Fousf'.6/e 9ke `s `l )u` efsftrfs pfo`dfs gflp`nr pnrn nokvkenck!e& efsftrfs ef tè`dfs& ekege o`r`cbf o`

gflp`nr ue Fousu2.

/e &o`l`', f ue 79ke )u` dkrn 9t`stkgf:2, `s n)u`l cunl pnsn n ef n s`r tfdnof cfe `l r`stf pfr uesnc`roft` cfesultnet`, cuneof =l tfdn n#u`rn cfe ue ngnrr` o` ln pnldn o` su dnef o`r`cbn ?0 y ? Fou o`so` ed`rf o` k9ke è su hflsn f o` ln cnrn o` su cuècf cfesultnet` pnrn ln cfesultn y nokvkenck!e. @stùef, o`+nof ntr-s, bnc` `l o`h`r o` gunrok-e o` ln cnsn pnrn ndhfs =l dksdf y sus cndnrnons, bnstn )u``llfs o`hne r`tfrenr o` eu`vf n su lugnr.

=#2 `s cfefckof pfr ue grne eud`rf o` o`scrkptkvfs y ntrkhutkvfs efdhr`s, ètr` cunl`s `st-e lfsskgukèt`s&< &Fruedkln' 9`l Ck`lf `s `l snhkf y `xktfsf "rhktrf f X`cfecklknofr8 eu`vndèt`, Ck`lf,cfefckof )uk=e s`r- snlvnof f c!df cfdf pnrn snlvnr:, &Flfoudnr`' 9Flfoue, Fdf`r`, Flfou, `l bk+fo` @r`: &=9u#frk;k' 9`l 0`r )ukè du`r` bferfsndèt` y pngn bfdèn+` n:,6 &Flk;èk' 9`l Hnyfr o`ls=ptkdf 9df: o'n o`l #`stkvnl:, &Fhn Flf#n sue lAfln' 9`l Gfh`renet` )u` okhu+n hèokck!e y




prfsp`rkono o`spu=s o` 1l, y )uk=e ou`rd` è dòkf o` bfefr`s:, &6kek', tk ks` &Fdf Flfek' 9`l ]fs`òf)u` `s < `l 3k+f o`l dnyfr ]fs`òfr:, &@rketueo`' 9rk=eofs` r`gr`sn nl dueof, f `l 0`r cuyf novèkdkètnl dueof bn o`vu`ltf ln rksn o` gf*f y ln nl`gr'n:, &F+n' 9`l 0`r cuyf novèkdkètf nl dueof o`l ck`lfllè! n lfs bfdhr`s cfe +uhklfsn y ngrno`ckon sfrpr`sn )u` cnus! ducbfs pnrn pr`guetnr, 7O@s /stò )uk=ebns vèkof &=+f lk f +nB' y `l 0`r o`l ck`lf cuyf lndètf cfestnet` n tfofs è `l dueof `s )u` `llfs

o`hè vèkr n 1l:, &F+fN lnrue ;nrue' 9`l ]nor` )u` bn onof `l enckdkètf n ckecf ekfs y ef bn p`rokoekeguef o` `llfs pfr du`rt`:, &Fluh`sne' f &Flu(lk khk @sne' 9`l A egnofr ]rkeckpnl o` dnl`s:, &@ou' 9uef %`grf, f `l uef Grneo` )ukè, cfdf trnokck!e okc`, lfs prfhl`dns tkèè b`cbf e`grf:, &Fp` =#n' 9ln pnldn sngrnon o` =#2:, &l;k9k(tk 9k #Afrk hn l` #Aèk9ne' 9`l 0`r )ukè tfof bfefr cfe `l oknrkf snluof o` lndnnen, p`rf )uk=e net`s pngn r`sp`tf n cunl)uk`r ftrf s`r:, &hn9u+k;f' 9`l 0`r cuyf pfo`r `s tne grneo)u` =l llndn ln du`rt` pnrn onr cuètns:, &7nhn y` fdf' 9`l ]nor` )uk=e r`#l`+n bfefr è sus ekfs, f o`)ukè sus ekfs puòè `stnr +ustndèt` frgullfsfs:. &F9ktkhkrkN n(pn(f;f k9u on' 9`l 0`r )u`, tfre-eofs``l dksdf sfhr` cfdf `stf #u` è ue #frc`+`f, pfspfe` pnrn su clkèt` `l o'n o` du`rt`:.

okvkenck!e `s tfdnon pfr ue 7nhnln+f sfhr` ue nltndèt` `stkdnof necbf y ckrculnr cuècf f o` cuntrflnofs o` ue tndnf dfo`rnof )u` `s gè`rnldèt` cuhk`rtf cfe bnrken hlnecn o` -rhfl s`cf y sfhr` cunl =ltrnhn+n, y cfe uef o` lfs oòfs o` ln dnef o`r`cbn kdprkd` ck`rtns s`nl`s, r`pr`sètneof cunl`s =#2 r`pr`sètnet`s cfdf puòè s`r p`rdktkof è ln pnldn o` su dnef k*)uk`ron, o`spu=s )u` =l buhf ketètnofcfe ue ngnrr` o` ln pnldn o` su dnef o`r`cbn pnrn tfdnr tfofs lfs ?0, o!eo` `llfs #u`rfe tfofs r`tèkofs.@stns p`)u`ns s`nl`s f dnrcns )u` pfor'ne r`pr`sètnr ue ed`rf o` `s#u`r*fs, y pfeor'n s`r uhkcnofsuef o`spu=s o` ftrf bfrk*fetnldèt` pfeor'n, s`ge su ed`rf y r`sp`ctkvns pfskckfe`s, r`pr`sètnr uef uftrf o` lfs Fou prkeckpnl`s f suhfrokenofs, f >kvkekono`s. >`so` `s` Fou f >kvkekono, y uen u ftrns o` lnbkstfrkns trnokckfenl`s cfe`ctnons cfe =l, y cfe ln nyuon o` pfcfs lne*ndkètfs y o` Fp`l`, ln nokvkenck!e`s tfdnon y `s ètr`gnon.

=#2, pnrn bnhlnr d-s nprfpknondèt`, ue Fou ètr`gn sus r`spu`stns è y n trnv=s o`l cnenl o` pnr-hflns,)u` cnon 7nhnln+f `s `sp`rnof s`n cnpn* o` ket`rpr`tnr. >`so` `stf `s cfdedèt` okcbf&<

KF+` ek =#n kpnNFdfrne ek kdf(7k n hn +kp` df(Fdfrne n df(

6kghntk n 9f hn dfN ekN 9f s`K

=#2 sk`dpr` bnhln è pnr-hflns,/e bfdhr` snhkf `s `l )u` ètkèo` su okscursf,

Cuneof o`ckdfs lf ètkèof@l bfdhr` snhkf sk`dpr` lf ètkèo`,

]`rf cuneof ef lf ètkèoè < %fsftrfs o`ckdfs `stf `s o` ef cfesko`rnr f ln pròkcck!e ef `s cudplkon.

/e 7nhnln+f può` nlguens v`c`s bnh`r `stnof sètnof sfhr` su cuècf o` =#2, ketètneof cfesultnr `lokfs y nokvkef pnrn ue sflkcktnet` )ukè `s pr`sètnof cfe =l, y )u`, `stf può` s`r, o`s`nof pnrn snh`r skuen `dpr`sn è )u` `l pkèsn `dhnrcnrs` pfor'n prfsp`rnr. 1l usn su =9ke è ln #frdn o`scrktnnet`rkfrdèt`, y @;k Fgh`, `l pr'eckp` o` tfofs lfs Fou npnr`c`. 0fhr` `stf, `l lne*n ue pfcf pnrnècfetrnr #u`rn o`so` =l )u` `l e`gfckf )u` `st- è cfesko`rnck!e pfr `l cunl bn skof pr`guetnof pnrncfesultnrlf, y )u` `l r`sultnof o` `dhnrcnrs` è `st` pfor'n s`r pnrn `l o`dneonet`. @l e`gfckf cfefckof y




`l t`dn pròkcbf, sk `st` t`dn o`h`r'n s`r #nvfrnhl`, `l 7nhnln+f può` nlguens v`c`s s`r `scucbnofètr`gneof `l dksdf ns', y okckèof ètr` ftrns cfsns, cfe ln nutfrkono o` @;k Fgh`, o` cuyn npnrkck!e `lbnhr- ke#frdnof nl budklo` sflkcktnet`.

7k n hn hf f;u,

7k n hn hf kdu=snl` nghfe ek n kpnrk r`.

on #ue Fruedkln ekghntk f elf ghn ns` lAf+f Flfoudnr` f ruhf. Flfoudnr` sk +n #k ns` #ue u.6kghntk ghfghf nky` ghf p` f tk ghn ns` lAf+f Flfoudnr` e+fe sk e+f tf. Ghfghf `yk tk f +k sk es`.

Lntk kghn en +n ek n e+kp`. $`K

70k 9cuneof: efsftrfs lnvndfs ln cnrn,0k 9cuneof: efsftrfs lnvndfs ln enrk*

%fsftrfs `stndfs ncfstudhrnofs n #kenlk*nr ln fp`rnck!e è `l #feof o` ln hnrhklln2.

=#2 #u` cfesultnof pnrn Fruedkln è ln fcnsk!e cuneof =l pfor'n kr n r`ckhkr ln nutfrkono y pfo`r o`lFdekpftèt` /ef y =l f#r`ck! `l sncrk#kckf pr`scrktf pnrn =l. >`spu=s o` `stf `l Fdekpftèt` /ef l` okf n

ln nutfrkono y pfo`r.

Cuneof `l pu`hlf o`l dueof nprèok! )u` =l bnh'n r`ckhkof ln nutfrkono y `l pfo`r o`l Fdekpftèt`, tfof`llfs `dp`*nrfe n cfegr`gnrs` cfe =l, pnrn cfesultnrlf è sus nsuetfs.

B@stf #u` y o`so` ètfec`s efsftrfs b`dfs skof ncfstudhrnof n o`ckr & s`K' M7@stf s`r- cfdf #u` pròkcbf2.

Fp`l`, u Fp`p`r`, `s ue Fr-culf o` rnegf ke#`rkfr pnrn =#2, y )uk=e `s cfesko`rnof cfdf su skrvkèt`cfestnet` y efrdnldèt` s` bnhln o` `l cfdf su `sclnvf. 1l sk`dpr` `s r`pr`sètnof pfr fcbf pk`*ns plneno` dno`rn, f d`tnl, f nlguen cfsn d-s, ntnofs +uetfs è ofs #klns o` cuntrf è cnon lnof, uhkcnofs nokstneckn kgunl ètr` cnon pk`*n y uekofs +uetfs. @stn okspfskck!e o` uen u ftrn o` `stns pk`*ns cuneof lncnoèn èt`rn `s tkrnon y b`cbn `xtèokon sfhr` ln tk`rrn r`pr`sètn è uen ue Fou pnrtkculnr8 y uen o` lns prkeckpnl`s #ueckfe`s o`l Fp`l` `s dfstrnr nl 7nhnln+f cunl pnrtkculnr Fou =l o`h`r'n cfesultnr sfhr` uecnsf n =l r`#`rkof.

Fp`l` `s n dèuof y #r`cuèt`dèt` ns' cfesultnof pfr 7nhnln+fs )u` efrdnldèt` ll`vne sfhr` `llfs sucnoèns pfr)u`, cfesultneof n `stn cnrgne cfe `llfs dèfs lnhfr )u`, y ef `s tne ok#'ckl ns' `l trnhn+f o`cfesultnr nl df, =#2, =l dksdf8 p`rf `st` pfor'n s`r ètr` lfs Hnyfr`s o` dèfr kdpfrtneckn, y sur`spu`stn pfor'n s`r `sf o` ue skrvkèt` pnrn su ndf, y ln cunl ef `s sk`dpr` nhsflutndèt` o`pèokon o`.

Fp`l` `s `sp`rnof )u` s`n r`#`rkof y cfesultnof tfons lns dnnens ns' ue o`vftf pfor- snh`r sk `l o'n pfor'n s`r pnrn =l pr!sp`rf f ef y, sk `stf o`h`r'n bnh`r skof pnrn s`r ue efe<pr!sp`rf, )u= sncrk#kckf )u` =lo`h`r'n f#r`c`r pnrn cfecklknrs` ln huèn vfluetno o` su okvkekono è froè )u` =l puòn cfev`rtkr `l o'n pnrn uef pr!sp`rf pnrn =l, y tndhk=e, )u` =l pfor'n gè`rnldèt` ns`gurnr ln hèokck!e o` su gu'n y ftrnnskstèckn n trnv=s o`l o'n8 nue)u` s` `sp`rn )u` ue 7nhnln+f frokenrkndèt` cfesult` cnon )uketf o'n su=#2, )u` `s `l ck`rr` o` uen s`dnen o` Fs`s f o'ns o` cultf. >`so` ln pnr-hfln cfrr`&<




J? F;u df 9k df 9k +f dn sfo` +f ghò` n ghfe non<

J1 7k fek tk rkN fln 9k rk h`N lk f du 9k 7nhnln+f dn on =#n frfrue.

J? 7%uecn bny uen dnnen cuneof ue 7nhnln+f f ue 0nc`roft` cfesultfr ef cfesult` su Fp`l`, cfdfeuecn bny uen dnnen )u` ue b`rr`rf ef s`n llndnof pnrn n#klnr ue dncb`t` pnrn ue grne+`rf2.

J1 75n pfskhklkono o` )u` `l dnnen ef skèof cfdf `l bfy è cfesko`rnck!e n lfs `vètfs )u` puòètrnespkrnr è `stf, `s lf )u` keouc` n ue 7nhnln+f n cfesultnr su =#2 y sncrk#kcnrl` cnon )uketf o'n6.

3ny tr`s grnofs o` snc`roft`s. s' lns sngrnons eu`c`s sfe onons pfr 7nhnln+fs è ofs +u`gfs o` ok`cks=k=9kes y ue Fousf n lfs sflkcktnet`s, n)u=llfs )u` r`ckhè s!lf `l prkd`r +u`gf `s llndnof D@l FlfrkD f I`##frdn ue grnof, y =st` `s `l prkd`rf. )u=llfs )u` r`ckhè ndhfs `l prkd`rf y `l s`gueof, sfe llndnofs DFrksnD f `l pr!xkdf è rnegf, )u` bnc` ftrf, `l s`gueof grnof8 y n)u=llfs )ukè`s tkèè, cnon uef cfe su pk` o`r`cbf, è r`lnck!e cfe n)u=llfs o` su prfpkf 7nhnln+f, y cunl)uk`rn o` sus cfdpn`rfs f o`l dnyfr7nhnln+f )u` `st- cfe =l, o`scnesneof sfhr` lfs suyfs prfpkfs y dfvk=eoflfs è ue c'rculf cfe =l, pksneof sfhr` sus eu`c`s o` =#2 o`pfsktnons è uen hultf o` @9f f gkok 9huo'e o` dnkcèn:, y )uk=e sfegè`rnldèt` bnhlnof cfdf D+fe tk n t` ek =#nD, f 7)u=llfs )u` sfe pksnofs +uetf cfe lns eu`c`s o`=#22, #frdn `l t`rc`r grnof. )u=llfs o`l prkd`r grnof sfe tktulnofs pnrn rèokr cultf sk`dpr` n su =#2, p`rfef pnrn nokvkenr cfe `st` f su#rkr `stf pnrn s`r ns' `dpl`nof. )u=llfs o`l s`gueof grnof puòè ndhfsrèokr cultf nl suyf y nokvkenr cfe =l, f pnsnrlf pnrn s`r usnof ns'8 y `sfs ofs prkd`rfs sfe bnhlnofs o`c!df &+f `gue', f &@l`gne'8 nue)u` n)u=llfs o` ln t`rc`rn clns` )u` bne skof trn'ofs n su pfskck!e ntrnv=s o` lfs s`rvkckfs o`l Flfous f 7nhnln+fs prkeckpnl, sfe, no`d-s skèof tktulnofs è ndhfs pnrnrèokr cultf n su prfpkf =#2 y nokvkenr cfe =l, tndhk=e prkvkl`gknof pnrn cfd`r o` cunl)uk`r sncrk#kckf )u` può` s`r f#r`ckof pnrn f net` `l &=ghn Fou', f ln cnlnhn*n f ln vnsk+n cnlnhn*n sngrnon pnrn Fou, ue prkvkl`gkf )u` `s oè`gnof n n)u=llfs o` lfs prkd`rfs ofs grnofs, ns' `stf `s pnrn cunl)uk`r bfdhr` ef pfs`òfr o` =#2, f, cfdf `l cfd`r o` ue sncrk#kckf o` cunl)uk`r tkpf f#r`ckof n =#2 y )u= `l cunl bn skof pu`stf sfhr` =l y `s llndnof =r`#n, gè`rnldèt` `s oè`gnof n lns du+`r`s8 y sfe tndhk=e cfefckofs cfd&+f Flfou', lfs nofrnofr`s ]rkeckpnl`s o` =#2.

5n c`r`dfekn pfr pnrt` o`l 7nhnln+f cfeskst`, o`spu=s o` nokvkenr cfe su =#2 pnrn `st`, è r`cfl`cck!e o`lns eu`c`s o` ln pnldn )u` =l pfor'n cfesngrnr, èt`rr-eoflfs è ln tk`rrn s!lkon f è ln cnh`*n o` ue r'f, fè nlge ftrf lugnr cfevèkèt`, tr`s o'ns net`s o` ln nctunck!e phlkcn o`l s`rvkckf o`l onr y r`ckhkdkètf,ndfrntneof `llfs, lnv-eofs` `llfs y nl cneokontf tndhk=e cuneof =l `s o` s`gueof grnof, y cuneof =l `sokcbf pnrn lnvnr `l oknhlf l`+fs o` `l dksdf f lnvnr cfe ngun o` =#2, `stn ngun bnhkèof tèkof lf )u` sfecfefckofs cfdf lns bf+ns o` =#2 dncbucnons è `st`, no+uet-eoflfs è ln dksdn clns` o` bf+ns, pfekèof ` pn)u`t` è ue plntf y o`pfskt-eoflf sfl`de`dèt` è lns pnldns o` lns dnefs o`l cneokontf nrrfokllnofnet`s =l cfe lfs f+fs c`rrnofs, o`spu=s =l bnhr- r`spfeokof n su efdhr` llndnof pfr t`rc`rn v`*, y cuneof=l pfor'n skgek#kcnr su nl`gr` nc`ptnck!e o`l pn)u`t` pfr dòkf o` tfcnr su #rèt` y p`cbf cfe `st`, dkètrnokckèof &]uò` dk cnhÈnN f ln okvkekono o` dk o`stkefN f dk Cr`nofr nc`ptnr `stfK k prfpkfcfrnE!e nc`ptn `stf'. 1l bnhr- pngnof lns cuftns pr`scrktns pnrn cnon pnrt` o` ln c`r`dfekn y bnhr- prfpfrckfenof v'ctkdns y ftrns f#rèons pnrn `l sncrk#kckf, )u`, è `l cnsf o` n)u=llfs o`l s`gueof grnof, s`sp`rn )u` s`n, è cnon nrt'culf, `l ofhl` o` n)u=llfs prfpfrckfenofs pfr lfs cneokontfs o`l prkd`r grnof,dkètrns )u` pnrn tfofs, uen fhs`rvneckn cfe #`st`+fs s` tkèè è `l t`rc`r y è `l s=ptkdf o'nr`sp`ctkvndèt` o` ln nc`ptnck!e #frdnl.




`stfs p`rtè`c` `l prkvkl`gkf o` s`r ll`vnofs n ue nrrfyf o` ngun o`spu=s o` ln nctunck!e o` ln c`r`dfeknnet`rkfr, ncfdpnnof pfr sus 7nhnln+fs y sus nyuonet`s, pnrn s`r no`d-s lnvnof, è `l froè o` uen purk#kcnck!e dnyfr, y `scfltnof n cnsn trkue#nldèt` cfe uen cfln o` lfrf `str`cbndèt` ntnon pnrn cnonuef è ln #rèt` cfdf uen s`nl o` cfesngrnck!e, cfe lns nlnhne*ns o` =#2 u Fruedkln )u` sfe cnetnonslf*nendèt` o`spu=s pfr `llfs.

ll' `stn ln c`r`dfekn o` `xtkegukr `l #u`gf o` Fou <9]kefou, `s o`ckr, ]n<ken<fou:. Jn+f `st` ue cneokonr`ckh` sfhr` lns pnldns nhk`rtns o` sus dnefs, pr`vkndèt` y #r`cuèt`dèt` bueokons è cfesngrnon nguno` =#2, o`+neof cn`r llndns o`so` uen eu`vn l-dpnrn ècèokon cfe uen eu`vn d`cbn y r`tèkon pfr ue7nhnln+f, y #rftn lns ok#`rèt`s pnrt`s o` su cu`rpf cfe `llns, ske `xp`rkdètnr cunl)uk`r l`sk!e. @stf `snc`ptnof cfdf uen s`nl o` bnh`rs` vu`ltf n pru`hn cfetrn `l #u`gf o` è#`rdòno, f bnhkèof gnenof uevkctfrkn sfhr` `stf y sfhr` ln n#lkcck!e, o`sklusk!e, f cunl)uk`r ftrf prfhl`dn y du`rt` tndhk=e. 1l `s`scfltnof, o`spu=s o` su nctunck!e, n ue nrrfyf, ll`vnof pfr su Flu+f y s`gukof pfr `l ltkdf nyuonet` f;kghfen, cnrgneof è su cnh`*n ue nekdnl y ftrfs sncrk#kckfs )u` bne skof f#r`ckof è su efdhr`, yr`tèk=eoflfs pnrn `stf cfe ndhns dnefs, `llfs skèof èvu`ltfs è uen lkdpkn snhnen hlnecn cuhk`rtfsndhfs sfhr` cfe uen #ken y uen tfscn `st`rn, y tèkèof uen sfgn nrrfllnon n+ustnondèt` nlròòfr o``llfs. Cuneof `l pn)u`t` `s r`dfvkof o` su cnh`*n y tkrnof oètrf y o`pfsktnof è uen pnrt` hnrrfsn o`lnrrfyf oètrf o` cunl `l pfor'n o`scèo`r, su cnh`*n `s sfstèkon bnckn o`lnet` y `stn `s lnvnon cfe nguncuyns gft`rns sfe p`rdktkons cn`r sfhr` `l hultf, y )u= `l nrrfyf pfor'n ll`vnr l`+fs. @stf `s cfesko`rnofcfdf uen s`nl è )u` tfons sus suckòno`s y tfofs sus dnl`s )u` pfor'ne bnh`r fcurrkof n `l `st-e skèofll`vnofs l`+fs o` `l.

@l =ghnou `s uen cnlnhn*n cuhk`rtn, cfetèkèof cuntrf vnsfs p`)u`fs b`cbfs o` lns c-scnrns o`l cfcf,cfrtnof, cnon uef è ofs pòn*fs pfr `l dòkf, y )u= r`tkè` nlgf o`scfefckof nl ef kekcknof, ue pfcf o` hnrrf, ftrf ue pfcf o` cnrh!e o` l`n, y ftrf pfcf o` ln tk*n, y ftrf nlge s-eonlf #rkcnef =rfsue,=;`rfsue J hnpbkn ektkon, cndLffo, tfofs )u` s` pkèsn )u` r`pr`sètn ck`rtfs ntrkhutfs >kvkefs, y )u=, cflfs vnsfs )u` lfs cfetkèè, r`pr`sèt` lfs cuntrf prkeckpnl`s Fou<@;k Fgh`, Fy`9ue d`;k, =hnrn d`;k, y@ok d`;k< y `stn cnlnhn*n `s o`pfsktnon è ue `sp`cknldèt` y hkè<pr`pnrnon cn+n o` dno`rn llndnonp`r`. 5n cn+n `s cfesko`rnon duy sngrnon y cfdf ue `dhl`dn o` >kvkekono, y tndhk=e `s nofrnon. @stneuecn `s nhk`rtn, `xc`ptf è fcnskfe`s duy `sp`cknl`s ` kdpfrtnet`s, cfdf cuneof )uk*-s uen ok#`rècknduy s`rkn s` `stnhl`c`, y ef ske lnvnr lns dnefs y n dèuof s` l` f#rèon snegr` n `stn, cuneof `l )u` nhr`lf bngn, cfdf uen dnrcn o` r`v`rèckn, vu`lv` su cnrn #u`rn o` `stn ns' cfdf =l ln nhr`, okckèof, D7kfdfo` hn sk ksnN n y` f;ue #ue fru r`D 60k ue ekf nhr` uen flln bkrvkèt`, =l s` vflv`r'n su cnrn #u`rn o`lcnlfr.6 Cunl)uk`r cfsn `s f#r`ckon cfdf ue sncrk#kckf pnrn f net` `l =ghnou `s pnrn s`r cfdkof è s`gukon8ekeguen pfrck!e o` `stn s`r- o`+non pnrn `l pr!xkdf o'n, y ekeguef p`rf Flfous, `s o`ckr, n)u=llfs )u` bnesu#rkof ln c`r`dfekn pksft`neof, sfe pnrn cfd`r o` `st`8 nue)u` `l cunrtf o!eo` `stn `s o`pfsktnon `scfesko`rnof tne sngrnof )u` ekeguen du+`r ek cunl)uk`r bfdhr` ef kekcknof euecn l` `s p`rdktkof ètrnr è`st` è ln vkon, y ln pu`rtn )u` nhr` pnrn ètrnr è =l gè`rnldèt` `s `dh`ll`ckon cfe tk*n y cnrh!e o` l`ncflfrnet`, o-eofl` uen npnrkèckn dnecbnon 9luenr`s:. /ef )u` r`ckh` su =#2 cfe pksft`nr `s efrdnldèt`r`ckhkof oètrf o` `st` cunrtf y noètrf è cfdpn'n `sp`rneof y `xp`ctnet`s 7nhnln+fs cfe ducbnc`r`dfekn, o`spu=s =l bn skof `scfltnof o`so` `l =ghfou y n)u' =l f#r`c` su prkd`r bfdèn+` n =#2 o`spu=o` su kekcknck!e.

/e =ghfou `s ue hfs)u`ckllf o!eo` ln c`r`dfekn o` onr =#2 cfe pksft`nr `s r`nlk*non pfr `l Fhnlfou, f `lsnc`roft` Flfou prkeckpnl, pnrn n)u=llfs )u` o`s`ne tè`rlf o` =l. @l hfs)u`ckllf sk`dpr` cfetkè` tr`s pnrtkckfe`s kdprfvksnons, cfestrukons o` rndns o` ln pnldn +!vè`s y `l nrhustf o` Fdu. >ètrf o` ln prkd`rn o` `stns pnrtkckfe`s cunl)uk`r du+`r f cunl)uk`r p`rsfen ef kekcknof può` ètrnr, y nll' s` `sp`rn




)u` lns p`rsfens s` )uòè ntr-s cfdf `sp`ctnofr`s f df*fs. @e `l s`gueof, 7nhnln+fs, y tfof Flfous,tfofs n)u=llfs )u` bne r`ckhkof =#2 pksft`neof sfe prkvkl`gknofs pnrn ètrnr y p`rdne`c`r. @e `l t`rc`rfètrn s!lf `l Fhnlfou, `l snc`roft` o` ln c`r`dfekn<r`pr`sètnck!e, )u` tfdnr'n nl cneokontf cfe =l oètrfo` `st` y )uk=e tndhk=e bnhr'n trn'of su =ghnou oètrf o` `st` pr`vkndèt` hn+f ln cfh`rturn o` ln efcb` pnrn pr`s`rvnr `l sngrnof fh+`tf o` ln dkrnon phlkcn, y nll' s` r`nlk*n su c`r`dfekn cfe ln nyuon o` tnl`s

cfdpn`rfs snc`roft`s o` Flfou cuneof =l pfor'n bnh`r skof vkstf è huèn snluo pnrn kevktnr.=#2 pfe` o`dneon pnrn cnon plnetn è cr`nck!e cfdf sngrnof pnrn su cultf, y ns' `stn `s vèkon pnrn pnsnr`sf sfhr` ln cfesultn pfr ue 7nhnln+f, ue Fou ncfes`+nr- `l usf o` lns bf+ns o` ck`rtns plnetns8 ftrf pr`scrkhkr- uef o` =stns, u ftrns tftnldèt` ok#`rèt`s +uetf cfe `llfs, y ns' ftrf Fous. ]`rf lns plnetnscuyns bf+ns sk`dpr` `st-e è ln o`dneon, y )u= `s cfesko`rnof `sp`cknldèt` cfdf sngrnof pnrn @;k Fgu`l ]r'eckp` o` tfofs lfs Fous, `s *`t`, Foueoue, Xèrè, Gh`gk, ln bk`rhn Frk;k, lpfy`, fdkek, y ln plne=+`r`;`;`8 p`rf nlguefs o` =stfs sfe cfefckofs y o`scrktfs pfr lfs sngrnofs efdhr`s è fcnskfe`s o`, f pnrn prfp!sktfs o` nokvkenck!e. @etfec`s lns bf+ns o` ln bk`rhn o` *`t` s` bnc` @+` nttònky`, `s o`ckr, lnbk`rhn )u` pr`sngkn eu`strn netkgEòno è eu`strn ètrnon è `l dueof8 Xèrè s` vu`lv` `l @+` tutu, lnbk`rhn o` pnck#kcnck!e8 y Gh`gk s` vu`lvè @+` gkokdfghfyke.

=#2 f Fruedkln `s cr`'of )u` cfefc` n tfofs y tfof cfsn y `s cfesultnof pfr cfeskgukèt` è cnonckrcuestneckn o` vkon, è )u` ln è#`rdòno ef `s `xclukon8 y =l, n trnv=s o` ue 7nhnln+f cfesultfr,sk`dpr` pr`scrkh` dòkckens pnrn lns è#`rdòno`s r`#`rkons n =l8 y pnrn `stf, bny uen #ueonck!e è lnckrcuestneckn )u` è lfs r`#rne`s trnokckfenl`s o` cnon Flfou, u Fou, dèck!e `s sk`dpr` b`cbn pnrn s`rècfetrnofs v'ctkdns o` `stf f `stns #frdns o` è#`rdòno y o` lfs r`dòkfs )u` lfs curnrfe `#kcn*dèt`.>` cnon 7nhnln+f `s e`c`snrkndèt` ue d=okcf è su prfpkn dne`rn, y n =l s` r`curr` n dèuof pfr sus pr-ctkcns prf#`skfenl`s pnrn ln cfesultnck!e cfe =#2 pfr nyuon pnrn `llfs è `l `+`rckckf o` su nrt`.

@ln `s `vkoèt`dèt` uef o` lfs ducbfs efdhr`s ntrkhutkvfs pfr cunl =#2 `s o`scrktf, y uef duy prkeckpnlètr` `llfs. @st` `s uen cfetrncck!e o`l t=rdkef 6Frue dklnD, y `s pèsnof )u` r`pr`sètn ln >kvkekono pnrn tfofs `stfs sus nofrnofr`s y o`vftf, prkeckpnldèt` cfdf ue 0nlvnofr y @etr`gnofr, y uef )u` `s#u`rt` y pfo`rfsf y `s kecfe)ukstnhl` pfr ln Hu`rt` `l dksdf, ns' )u` tfofs lfs )u` dkrne n =l pfr nyuon èue prfhl`dn y cfetrn cunl)uk`r ftrf dnl, ln du`rt` ef `xclukon, ècfetrnr- )u` su cfe#kne*n ef bnhr- skof`xtrnvknon8 y `stf, nue)u` `l efdhr` `s usnof n dèuof cfdf sk `st` r`pr`sètnrn uen s`pnrnon y okstketn p`rsfenlkono >kvken, y nue)u` uen s`pnrnon y okstketn keskgekn r`pr`sètntkvn b`cbn o` pòn*fs o` dnr#kl,ll`vneof cuntrf f+`t`s cnon uef y cfrr`spfeokèof è `l ed`rf n ln pnldn o` eu`* o` =#2 9=9ke: )u=, cfeue Fousf, sfe ?, sfe `scfgkofs y `dpl`nofs pnrn r`pr`sètnrlf n `l.

1l n v`c`s `s o`scrktf è cneckfe`s o` nlnhne*ns y è ftrfs okscursfs cfdf 6 @ln fdf Fske 6 @ln `l ekf o`DFskeD 9`l Gfh`renet`:8 n v`c`s cfdf D@ln fdf Fykgk JFykgkykgk Ftn fdkD @ln bk+f o` uen pkòrn, `so`ckr, ln ourn pkòrn o` ln cndn o` ue enckèt` o` ngun 9ue `dhl`dn o` grne #u`r*n:, uen cunlkono )u`cr`'on è, o`vftfs p`rdktkofs pnrn koètk#kcnrs` cfe =l, y cfesko`rnrs` `llfs dksdfs lkhr`s è cfes`cuèckno` ln du`rt`, f prft`gkof cfetrn `stn, y tndhk=e okcè cuneof `llfs prf#k`rè ln nlnhne*n net`rkfr, D+n okFykgkykgkN n 9k f 9u dfD 60fdfs efsftrfs dksdfs. 3nck=eofefs Fykgkykgk )u` `s ln pkòrn )u` okfenckdkètf n @ln y yn ef dfrkr-e6, f, è ftrfs dfdètfs pnrn o`ckr, D@ln rf n 9k f 9u df(F9rkhktkN @ln rJsf9nl` Fruf =#nD, 6@ln bn o`scèokof n ln tk`rrn<efsftrfs ef dfrkr`dfs d-s<y =st` `s `l efdhr` o` =#26 v`c`s =l s` o`scrkh` cfdf D@ektk eghn ek lnD, 61l `s `l )u` efs snlvn6, y o`vftfs puòè s`r f'ofsokckèof nlguens v`c`s o` ue ndkgf, D6+fe s` `hf @ln #ue uD 6%fsftrfs b`dfs b`cbf n @ln sncrk#kckf, fl` ètr`gndfs f sncrk#kckf o` snlvnck!e pnrn =l6. /ef o` `llfs può` s`r f'of ns' pnrn cfe#`snr su kgefrnecko`l pfo`r snlvnofr o` @ln, D@dk 9f t`t` df p`, @ln ek e+fe dhf ln ek kl` +nD, 6yf ef sup` n tk`dpf )u`




`st` `s `l @ln )u` `s nofrnof y sncrk#kcnof è eu`strn #ndklkn pnrn ln snlvnck!e6, f D4f tken, 9f tf rf, hèfe J@ln ek ghn ek ln ek =#`D, 61l ef `s o` cuètn, =l `s o`dnsknof p`)u`f pnrn s`r pèsnof o`, tfonv'n =l`s `l )u` `s ncfstudhrnof n ètr`gnrefs o`so` lfs prfhl`dn è =#>6, f `l dueof, pnrn cunl `l t=rdkef =#> `n dèuof `dpl`nof. [ è ftrfs dfdètfs =l può` s`r f'of, bnhlnof o` cfdf ?DFhn(n dflnD 6 @l r`y, pfr cfefckèof )ukè, efsftrfs b`dfs vèkof n ln snlvnck!e6.

@ln sfstkè` ue lugnr duy kdpfrtnet` è `l skst`dn o` cultf o` =#2. @stf `s pnrn s`r ècfetrnof è cfe`xk!cfe cnon uef o` lfs 1M0 Fous o`l skst`dn, uen ckrcuestneckn )u` sugk`r` )u` `l skst`dn npuetn`sp`cknldèt` n kdpr`skfenr n sus s`gukofr`s cfe ln ko`n )u` =#2 `s è tfof dfdètf ue 0nlvnofr y@etr`gnofr y hn+f tfons lns ckrcuestneckns. o`d-s, `l Fou Fs`turn, `s sk`dpr` prkd`rf budklo`dèt` yr`v`rèt`dèt` kevfcnof y `st` #nvfr huscnof pnrn ln nc`ptnck!e sk`dpr` )u` =#2 #u`rn nofrnof cfe uesncrk#kckf, y `stn okrkgkon ns' M

@lnK Fdf FskeN df +nrk fK f, @ln d`;kN df +nrk fK f @lnK f yke nhfru@lnK df yke nhfy`<@lnK df yke nhfsks`.

F /stò @ln, 3k+f o`l Gfh`renet`, yf d` budkllf net` ustò f, F @ln [f nlnhf `l sncrk#kckf )u` s`ècuètrn cfe ln nc`ptnck!e f nhr` ln v'n pnrn hèo`ckr,

F @ln [f nlnhf `l sncrk#kckf )u` trn` ln vkon<F @ln [f nlnhf `l nctf o` sncrk#kckf )u` ncfdpnn f pr`cò` ln lnhfr8

y `stn `s ln okvkekono pnrn cunl lns f#rèons o` cfs`cbn sfe sk`dpr` pr`sètnons pfr `l nofrnofr<`sp`cknldèt` è ln `stnck!e o`l nd`, net`s, cunl)uk`rn pfrck!e o` ln cfs`cbn `s cfdpnrtkon o`, y cuneof`llfs sfe okcbfs pnrn pnrtkr `l nd` o` @ln 9]n ksu @ln, f ]n @ln:, y cuneof tndhk=e ln skgukèt` cneck!e può` f'rs` cnetnon lf*nendèt` pnrn nlnhne*ns n @ln, y Fruedkln `s okcbf pnrn vèkr y cfdpnrtkr `l ndcfe `llfs M

@ln ]f9`K@ek `sk sk +n sfrf foueN

Foue 9fN df +n sfoueN =rf9f f9fK=rf9f f9fK Foue fek sk 9f. @ln ]f9`K

@ln bn r`npnr`ckof %u`strf ndkgf o`l pnsnof nf bn vèkof o` eu`vf n fhs`rvnr ln #k`stn neunl< @l nekv`rsnrkf bn r`tfrenof. [

`stfy vkekèof F =rf9f 90`fr:>`l cndpf cultkvnof pnrn fhs`rvnr ln #k`stn neunl.

F =rf9f o`l cndpf cultkvnof, `st` o'n o` nekv`rsnrkf bn r`tfrenof.B@ln bn r`npnr`ckof

7nhn +n f9krk9kskKFdf ntA frue rf sAnky`

*k f 9f +n on sAnky`7nhn +n f9krk9kskK

BF /stò, eu`strf okgef ]nor`




B@l 3k+f )u` bn o`scèokof o`l ck`lf n `stn tk`rrnu` efs bn uhkcnof è `l dueofM

/stò eu`strf okgef ]nor`

5n c`r`dfekn cfe`ctnon cfe ln ètr`gn o` @ln pnrn ue sflkcktnet` pnrn `st` `s ko=etkcn cfe lf cfe )u` =#2 `

ètr`gnof n n)u=llfs )u` vkèè hn+f lfs prkd`rfs ofs grnofs f o`stkentnrkfs )u` gè`rnldèt` sfebnhlnofs o` cfdf +f @gne, y lns o`svètn+ns y prkvkl`gkfs sfe cfdf n)u=llfs n s`r ècfetrnofs è ndhfcnsfs.

@l s`xf dnsculkef `s `l s`xf )u` pnrtkculnrdèt` on `l cultf n =#2. 3ny, ske `dhnrgf, tk`dpfs cuneof lnsnokvkenckfe`s puòè r`cfdèonr y puòè pr`scrkhkr `s` cultf n uen du+`r. 0k`dpr` )u` =st` o`hn s`r `lcnsf, uen du+`r o`h`r'n r`ckhkr o` ue 7nhnln+f s!lf ue =9ke f Cfesngrnon eu`* o` ln ]nldn llndnon @9fcunl `lln pfor'n ll`vnr c`rcn o` su cu`rpf pnrn su prft`cck!e, y sk`dpr` ln nokvkenck!e o`h`r'n r`cfdèonr pr`scrkhkr pnrn `lln ue sncrk#kckf n =#2, `lln pfor'n, pnrn `l dfdètf o`l, ètr`gnr su @9f f n su dnrkof f nsu b`rdnef, f cunl)uk`r ftrf pnrkèt` dnsculkef s`ge ln pr`scrkpck!e, )ukè pfor'n keclukr `st` è sus prfpkfs =9kes cfe `l prfp!sktf o` cultf y sncrk#kckf è cunl `lln pfor'n pnrtkckpnr.

3ny ue pnrtkculnr -rhfl o` ln ]nldn cunl `s cfefckof pfr `l efdhr` o` Fp`(=#2, f `l -rhfl ]nldn o` =#2, pfr)u` `sn clns` o` -rhfl`s o` pnldn efrdnldèt` prfoucè eu`c`s )u` cnrgne cuntrf f+`t`s cnon uef, y=stfs sfe lns ekcns eu`c`s `dpl`nons è `l cultf n =#2, y sfe cfesngrnons n =l. @llfs sfe cfesko`rnonssngrnons pnrn `st` prfp!sktf, y sfe n dèuof bnhlnons o` cfdf @9urfnk;`, `s o`ckr 6%u`c`s )u` ef s`r-ecfdkons68 y sk lns eu`c`s cnrgne ofs f tr`s f+`t`s o`h`r'ne s`r ècfetrnons ètr` =stfs prfouckofs pfr cunl-rhfl`s, =stfs s`r'ne llndnons @9ur(Fsfsn< `s o`ckr, lns eu`c`s o` pnldn cuyn h`ll`*n lns bn nhneofenoftrnv=s o` ln p=rokon o` uef f d-s f+`t`s < fsf(sn.

@l cfstf o` suplkr =#2 n ue cneokontf vnr'n o`8 SM n S?M3, y d-s, o` ncu`rof n lns ckrcuestneckns o`lkeokvkouf8 y n dèuof ekfs sfe `dp`nofs, `sclnvfs vèokofs, y ftrfs sncrk#kckfs b`cbfs pnrn l`vnetnr lf#feofs e`c`snrkf n cuhrkr `l gnstf o` ln `lnhfrnon c`r`dfekn.

3ny ftrfs fr-culfs8 p`rf nlguefs o` =stfs sfe lfcnl`s, y sfe r`currkofs sflndèt` pfr trkhus pnrtkculnr`s fduekckpkfs, pfr `+`dplf, ll' `st- Frf =lnr` o` tk`rrn =;`sbn, cunl `s okcbf )u` vkef nhn+f o`so` `l ck`lf n=lnr` f ky` f `l dueof, uen v`* pfr nf, pnrn s`r `sp`rnof nll' pfr n)u=llfs )u` puòè e`c`sktnr su nyuoFrnculnr, y cuyn t`dpfrnl r`skoèckn `s sk`dpr` ue hfs)u`, o!eo` =l `s sk`dpr` ntèokof pfr ue +frfFrf =lnr` bnstn su r`tfref nl ck`lf. @l +frf pfor'n ètr`gnr sus r`spu`stns n lfs )u` pr`guetne. 0unovèkdkètf `s sk`dpr` dkrnof no`lnet` cfe nl`gr'n, y lfs cndkefs phlkcfs y lns v'ns phlkcns o` ue pu`hlf sfe sk`dpr` lkdpknons `sp`cknldèt` y s` pfeè è froè pnrn su r`c`pck!e, nue)u` `l ed`rf o`bfdhr`s y du+`r`s )u` r`pnrne nl hfs)u`ckllf pfr nyuon Frnculnr sk`dpr` `s grneo`. 3ny tnl`s okvkekono`scfdf Fsue, [`dn;n, Fsfsk y @l`ghnrn, `tc., )u= sfe cfesultnons n dèuof, prkeckpnldèt` pfr du+`r`s,usneof ok`cks=ks cnurks pnrn cfesultnr sus s`nl`s8 y ètr` nlguens o` lns trkhus, @lu9u y g`df, )u`tndhk=e sfe cfesko`rnons cfdf è pfs`sk!e o` ducbn cnpnckono pròkcntkvn, y n dèuof s` ncuo` n `llfs,ns' sus pròkcckfe`s sk`dpr` sfe `stkdnons ke#nlkhl`.

/e Fgh`rk f lgh`rk `s uef )u` ef `s kekcknof è lfs dkst`rkfs o` ln r`lkgk!e cfe cunl ue 7nhnln+f, o`so`ln enturnl`*n o` su f#kckf, s` `sp`rn )u` s`n tftnldèt` cfe cfefckdkètf.

5n #rutn<Cfln sfstkè` ue duy kdpfrtnet` y sngrnof lugnr. dhfs `st` y `l -rhfl )u` lns cnrgne sfecfesko`rnofs sngrnofs. Cnon Frksbn `s nofrnof cfe `stn #rutn, nue)u` `l bncbn o` ue tnlnofr ef o`h`r'n




hn+f ekege cfec`ptf o`rrkhnr `st` -rhfl. >`so` ln pnr-hfln )u` `s efrdnldèt` f'on, DFrksn tk f yne kgkfhk lk nyfN fe(lk f on n+fe kyfu9ue lk @ru( 9k kyf =on hn Frksn ;n yns`hk @9` ntk @yf ek k h` kgk fhkoneu fD 65n okvkekono )u` bn `scfgkof `l -rhfl o` Cfln cfdf su `sp`cknldèt` vnlfrnof y ndnofr`pr`sètnet` bn b`cbf n tfofs lfs ftrfs -rhfl`s suhfrokenof o` =l. %fsftrfs ef `stndfs ncfstudhrnof nsncnr #u`rn ln `spnon pnrn lucbnr cfetrn uen okvkekono8 y enok` p`rf ue dètkrfsf y uen p`rsfen p=r#kon

nlguen v`* pkèsn è cfrtnr nhn+f y tkrnr ue -rhfl o` Cfln6. 5n #rutn `s duy efrdnldèt` y `xtèskvndèt``dpl`non pfr bfdhr`s y du+`r`s pfr `l pn's pnrn lfs prfp!sktfs o` cfesultns y nokvkenck!e, ln dnyfr'n usnn `stns cfdf sk `llfs huscnrne nokvkenck!e n trnv=s o` `stns, cnon uef, o`so` su prfpkf okfs, f cfdf sk `st`#u`rn uen okvkekono pfr `l dksdf, nue)u` 7nhnln+fs y ftrns p`rsfens ket`lkgèt`s usè `stns cfe ln ko`n)u` ln nokvkenck!e `st- skèof huscnon pfr =#2 cfe `stns. @s efrdnldèt` pnrtkof è dktno`s y tkrnof sfhr`ln tk`rrn, cfdf `s sk`dpr` b`cbf cfe Fp`l`, ln pfskck!e nsudkon lu`gf pfr lns pk`*ns, cunl)uk`rn è )u` sucnrns cny`rne bnckn nrrkhn f è cunl `llns cny`rne bnckn nhn+f, f è cunl nlguefs sfe dkrnofs bnckn nrrkhn yftrfs sfe dkrnofs bnckn nhn+f, o` uen y nl dksdf tk`dpf, skèof ètèokof pnrn o`clnrnr lf huèf f dnlf,cfdf `l cnsf può` s`r, cukonof skèof efrdnldèt` tfdnof pr`vkndèt` y pnrn pr`cò`r n `stn c`r`dfekcfe uen lkhnck!e o` purn y lkdpkn ngun v`rtkon sfhr` ln tk`rrn è budklo` cultf o`l okfs _k`rrn, `l pnor`,o`spu=s o` uen clns`, o` tfon ln budnekono, cfdf o` `st` efsftrfs tè`dfs tfofs skèof trn'of è ln`xkstèckn, y sfhr` cunl npnr`c` lfs pòn*fs o` Cfln pnrtkons s`r'ne tkrnons pnrn nokvkenck!e.

@stf `s n v`c`s o`scrktf è nlnhne*ns pfr `l bfefrnhl` t'tulf o` D7nhn, nh`h` flfrne 9u sk frne, Frneflfrne lk fhk k 9u skD 6%u`strf pnor` )ukè ket`rcò` è lfs nsuetfs o` ftrn p`rsfen bnstn )u` =l du`r`sfhr` `st`8 ln Cfln `s cfdedèt` pu`stf pnrn ln du`rt` sfhr` `l nsuetf o` ftrns p`rsfens6, )u= `s`vkoèt`dèt` ètèokof pnrn ln okvkekono )u` r`pr`sètn, y )u= s` r`#k`r` n su trnhn+f o` ket`rc`sk!e ètr`lns pnrt`s è vnrknck!e cfe cnon uef cfe uen vkstn pnrn bnc`r ln pn*, y `sn du`rt` sfhr` `stf )u= trn`cfeskgf sfhr` `l, y )u=, +uetf cfe uen `xtèsn okvksk!e oètrf lfs tnpfe`s y è lns dèfr`s pk`*ns, y uekedòkntf dutuf cfesudf o` `llfs pfr lns pnrt`s ket`r`snons è )u` s` bngn ln pn*, y sus ndkgfsr`sp`ctkvfs, cfe#krdnon y s`llnon ln pn* b`cbn. @stn `s `sn ckrcuestneckn )u` bn onof lugnr tne n dèuof nln #rns` usnon, D tk pn fhk sk frne enD. 6%fsftrfs efs b`dfs pnrtkof ln Cfln sfhr` `l nsuetf6, )u= `s kguno`ckr, 6%fsftrfs b`dfs `stnhl`ckof `l nsuetf6.

@stns, f `l okfs )u` r`pr`sètn, `s bnhlnof n dèuof o` cfdf uef cuyns splkcn f ket`rc`sk!e ef è cuètn pnrn s`r e`gnons8 o`so` `l r`#r-e, D@hfrnD, f D@hf(nrn 9k 9f `h` #ue fhkD. 65fs okfs`s ef tkèè `l b-hko` e`gnrs` n `scucbnr y nc`ptnr splkcn f ket`rc`sk!e o` ln eu`* o` Cfln68 y `stf `s ns' )u` bn b`cbf pèsnrln pr`sètnck!e o` ln eu`* o` Cfln ètr` ftrns cfsns pfr ue nspkrnet` pnrn ln dnef o` uen du+`r +fvè èdntrkdfekf n lfs pnor`s, kestneof cfe `llfs su trn+`, su o`s`f y p`tkck!e pfr uefs `spfesnl`s, y su frnck!e pnrn su nc`ptnck!e o` `stf.

3ny ètr` lfs pngnefs n)u=llfs è eu`strf pn's )ukè`s prf#`sne `+`rc`r `l f#kckf o` bnhlnr cfe `l du`rtf, yo` s`r d=okud o` cfduekcnckfe`s ètr` `llfs y lfs vkvkèt`s, y )uk=e`s sfe cfefckofs cfdf D+fehf9usfrfD <pfrtnvfc`s o`l du`rtf< y cuyns cfduekcnckfe`s sfe gè`rnldèt` ècfetrnons cfdfv`rono`rns. ]`rf `l skst`dn ef pnr`c` s`r tne `lnhfrnof cfe `llfs cfdf `stf `s cfe sus cfdpn`rfs< prf#`sfr`s è @urfpn y d>rkcn.

3ny uen grne vnrkòno o` sncrk#kckfs, y cnon pr`scrktf sncrk#kckf f cnon +u`gf o` tnl sncrk#kckf gè`rnldèt`tfdn su efdhr` o`l fh+`tf nl cunl `s f#r`ckof. @etr` `llfs può` dèckfenrs` lfs skgukèt`s&<@l sncrk#kckfo` Xòèck!e `l sncrk#kckf o` ket`rcndhkf `l sncrk#kckf o` ln rkuÈn y ln lfeg`vkono `l sncrk#kckfpnrn r`cup`rnck!e o`so` ln è#`rdòno y pnrn pr`vèkr ln du`rt` ( nu>llfs pnrn pfs`sk!e o` #u`rEny pnrn `vktnr p>rokons o` cunluk`r clns` nu>llfs pnrn prft`cck!e cfetrn s`r uen cnusn o` prfhl`dn




pnrn `l uef dksdf nu>llfs cfetrn s`r `xktfsf cfetrn cfdpfeèons nu>llfs cfetrn ue #u`gfncckoètnlN y pnrn r`dfv`r ln sù/n f ln pr`vèck!e f ln c`snck!e o` okluvkfs o` lluvkn `sfs pnrnnlcneEnr nlge t/tulf y ue f#kckf o` okgekonoN y `sfs pnrn ns`gurnr ue lnrgf gfc` o` `l f#kckfN`sp`cknldèt` sk >l ukè huscn `stf bn okcbf o` net`dnef n trnv>s o` ln nokvkenck!e o` =#n u` `loks#rut` o` `stf ef s`r/n lnrgf `sfs pnrn ns`gurnr ln s`)nl f dnrcn è ln #rèt` o` uef u` pfor/n

ns`gurnrl` n `l su s`gurkono o`so` nc`rcndkètf y tfu` o`l 2eg`l o` ln u`rt`N y o` vkctfrkn y trkue#sfhr` ln ok#kcultno y `l prfhl`dn ( y `sfs pnrn noukrkr ln sup`rkfrkono sfhr` ftrfsN `tc.

@stfs vnrkfs sncrk#kckfs dèckfenofs, skèof sncrk#kckfs o` `xpknck!e, sugk`rè ln `xkstèckn frkgkenldèt`è ln dèt` o`l pngnef [fruhn )u` `l p`cnof y ln krn o` ue f#èokof okfs sfe ln cnusn o` lfs vnrkfs dnl`skeckoètnl`s pnrn ln vkon budnen& lns hèokckfe`s sfe pnrn s`r tèkons s!lf o`so` =l y o` ncu`rof n suvfluetno, y )u` pnrn `stf `l s`r- prfpkcknof pfr dòkf o` sncrk#kckf y f#r`ckdkètf, o`so` `l )u` o`s`n n`llfs )u` `s ue p`cnofr.

ekdnl`s pnrn `l sncrk#kckf vne o`so` r`ptkl`s bnstn `l bfdhr`. F#r`ckdkètfs o` cnre` kecluy` tfon lnvnrkòno o` nlkdètfs y h`hkons, p`rf pnrn cnon sncrk#kckf pnrtkculnr, uen ck`rtn v'ctkdn `s pr`scrktn, y èfcnskfe`s, `l dksdf nekdnl può` s`r pr`scrktf pnrn d-s o` ue sncrk#kckf, y ns' `stf `s cfe cnre`s y h`hkonsf#r`ckons, pfr `+`dplf., cfetrn ln du`rt` pfr è#`rdòno, uen fv`;n, y pnrn lfeg`vkono, ue p`rrf, pfr#u`r*n pnrn `l cu`rpf, ue cnre`rf o` fv`;n y ue gnllf8 cfetrn lns p=rokons, uen cnenstn o` bu`vfs, lndnyfr'n o` lfs cunl`s sfe usunldèt` `dpl`nofs cfe bf+ns sngrnons pnrn =#2, cfetrn skèof dètkof sfhr`pnlfdns ofd>stkcns y c2scnrns o` euÈ o` pnldn, cfetrn prfhl`dns y o`sgrnckns, rntns, cfetrn ln s`)u'npù`)fs cnegr`;fs o`so` cunl`s gftns o` ngun cnon v`* )u` uef bnc` ue snltf cnè, cfetrn uenkeueonck!e o` lluvkn kec`snet` f pfr cfe#usk!e o` uen pnrc`ln, cnrncfl`s8 cfetrn ue kecèokf ncckoètnl, uec`rof snlvn;` f ue pntf cfe ok#`rèt`s clns`s o` bf+ns o` =#2, pnrn uen vkctfrkn è tk`dpf o` gu`rrn uecnre`rf o` fv`;n y ue gnllf vk`;f +uetfs, cfetrn ln du`rt` o` ue ekf duy p`)u`f, uen gnllken )u` bntèkof pfllfs, pnrn )u` s` p`rdktn ll`gnr n ue t'tulf y pnrn ln o`strucck!e o` uen pnrc`ln, ue c`rof snlvn;`.

lguens v`c`s sfe )u`dnofs cfe #u`gf y, è nlguefs cnsfs, cfdf `l o`l f#r`ckdkètf =rnpnon f o`Xòèck!e, tfon ln v'ctkdn `s tfstnon cfe #u`gf oètrf o` lns pu`rtns bnstn )u` s` ròuc` n cèk*ns, yo`spu=s n `stf s` l` lne*n ngun è `l cfrn*!e o`so` ntr-s `stf pnrn `xtkegukr `l #u`gf, y tfons lns cèk*ns ydnrcns<#u`gf sfe cfl`ctnons y ll`vnofs #u`rn, y ns' cfe tfons lns o`d-s f#rèons y r`gnlfs n @su f 0ntne-sfe uhkcnofs è ln v'n phlkcn pnrn =l. lguens v`c`s `llfs sfe sncnofs o` ln ckuono vkvn y n trnv=s o` uer'f, sk nlguef `st- nl nlcnec` o` ln dnef, y o`+nof è `l dfet` ofeo` `llfs `s supu`stf cnrgnr `l p`cnof,culpnhklkono y prfhl`dns o`l f#`rèt` )u` buhk`rfe skof trnes#`rkofs n `llfs. lguens v`c`s `llfs sfe tkrnofoètrf o` ue r'f n s`r ll`vnof l`+fs pfr `st` cfe `l p`cnof y oflfr o`l f#`rèt`. lguens v`c`s `llfs sfeèt`rrnofs è ln tk`rrn, cfe f ske uen cnoèn ntnon n `llfs, y uen pfrck!e o` `stfs ècnllnofs sfhr` lnsup`r#kck`, `l su+`tf pnrn )ukè `l sncrk#kckf `s f#r`ckof bnckèof ue lugnr ourdkèt` è ln sfdhrn pnrnns`gurnrs` `l dksdf o` ln prft`cck!e y ln s`gurkono huscnon pnrn y supu`stf s`r onof, y )u= ln cnoènskdhflk*n. lguens v`c`s `llfs sfe uhkcnofs n ln frklln o` ue r'f. lguens v`c`s cfdf è `l cnsf o` @hfhn, `s o`ckr, ue sncrk#kckf o` prfp!sktf f ue sncrk#kckf n ln okvkekono o` prfp!sktf f `sn okvkekono )u` p`rdktè n uef bnc`r ue prfp!sktf, y @hf s`, `s o`ckr, ue sncrk#kckf o` cudplkdkètf f ue sncrk#kckf n lnokvkekono o` ln vfluetno )u` cudpl` su prfp!sktf f p`rdkt` n ue bfdhr` )u` lfgr` ue prfp!sktf, ln snegrò` uen v'ctkdn sncrk#kcnon s` rfc'n prkd`rf è `l oket`l o`r`cbf )u` `s sngrnof nl lnhn y lu`gf è `l oket`k*)uk`rof )u` `s sngrnof nl lns` y o`spu=s o` `stf, sfhr` ln sup`r#kck` o` ln pu`rtn )u` cu`lgn sfhr` uef o`llfs, nlguens o` lns pludns o` ue nv` u ftrf nekdnl cfe nlns sfe f#r`ckofs skèof p`gnofs nl dksdf tk`dpn cnon uen sup`r#kck` snegr`<snlpkcnons, nue)u` ln cnre` o` ln v'ctkdn `s f nsnon f `s b`rvkon y cfdkon ètftnl r-pkondèt` y è uen pfsturn è pk`. lguens v`c`s `l sncrk#kckf `s tfdnof è uen n#u`rn y sncnof n




uen cnll` f nlguen cnrr`t`rn, cfdf è `l cnsf o` ftrf @hf =rnpn f =rnpnon, ue f#r`ckdkètf o` ròèck!e ket`rcndhkf, )u` cfeskstè o` uens ?0<dnl ècèokons l-dpnrns, y )u= `s efrdnldèt` `dpl`nof è `l cnso` lns è#`rdòno`s s`rkns o` uen p`rsfen kdpfrtnet` pnrn cndhknr su o`stkef y ètr`gnrl` o`so` ln du`rt`lguens v`c`s `llfs sfe tkrnofs o`so` ue snc`roft` n ftrf, `llfs `stneof o` pk` +uetfs è uen l'e`n r`ctn,cfdf è `l cnsf o` @hf gh`sf f ln f#rèon o` `s#u`r*f, cunl `s pnrn ef su#rkr cn'ons n ln tk`rrn ournet` ln

nctunck!e o`l `+`rckckf, `l fh+`tf huscnof skèof pnrn n#kne*nr nl f#`rèt` cfetrn `l trkue#f o` sus è`dkgfsèckdn o` =l. lguens v`c`s `llfs sfe crknturns vkvkèt`s, o`+nons pnrn s`r o`vfrnons pfr ftrns crknturnsvkvkèt`s, cfdf è `l cnsf o` ue sncrk#kckf è )u` sk`t` pfllfs duy +!vè`s sfe efrdnldèt` `dpl`nof, y pu`stfs #u`rn n nlguen cnrr`t`rn phlkcn y o`+nofs nll' pnrn s`r o`vfrnofs pfr lfs bnlcfe`s, ln du`rt` o`lkeokvkouf pnrn )ukè `s f#r`ckof skèof supu`stf pnrn s`r sustktutf pnrn y `vktnr pfr `sf o` lfs pfllfs.lguens v`c`s ln cnh`*n o`l f#`rèt` `s rnynon cfe ln snegr` o` ln v'ctkdn, `xbkhk=eofl` `l cfdf uef pnrn)ukè uen `xpknck!e bn skof b`cbf, y ns`gur-eofl` n `l pfr `sf o` su nc`ptnck!e, cfdf è `l cnsf o`l @hfksndk, f `l sncrk#kckf s`nl<dnrcnon, cuneof nlguen o` ln snegr` o` ln v'ctkdn `s d`*clnon pfr `l 7nhnln+y su nyuonet`, `l ;kghfen, cfe ndhfs hnrrf y nlguens dncbucnons sngrnons u bf+ns o` =#2 è ue sngrnof hfs)u` o`so` cunl ln pr`pnrnck!e efrdnldèt` `s sncnon #u`rn c`r`dfekfsndèt` pnrn n)u`llfs )u` `sp`rn pfr `stf, pnrn s`r `dpl`nof è dnrcnr sus #rèt`s è `l froè n#kne*nr n `llfs `l `scnp` o` ln du`rt` yns`gurnrlfs o` `stf. @stf può` s`r f'of è `l r`#r-e y cnetnof ètr` `llfs, D@ou, `s o`ckr, 9Fruedkln: tk sek lk ndk n 9f 9u df, =+`r`;`;` ek @ou #k sndkD. D@ou, u Fruedkln, efs bn dnrcnof efsftrfs ef efsdfrkr`dfs o` eu`vf. @stn `s ln bf+n o` ln bk`rhn o` =+`r`;`;` )u` =l bn `dpl`nof bnckèof `stfD.

lguens v`c`s lns dnefs o` ue f#`rèt` sfe pu`stns sfhr` ln v'ctkdn net`s o` )u` s` dnt` pnrn trnes#`rkr suculpn y du`rt` n =l, y è ftrfs dfdètfs `l f#`rèt` tfcn su cnh`*n cfe `stn o` ln v'ctkdn f `l cu`rpf o` lnv'ctkdn `s pnsnof èckdn o` y s` bnc` pnrn tfcnr cnon pnrt` o`l cu`rpf o` =l pnrn )ukè `st` `s f#r`ckof,cfdf `s `l cnsf cfe `l 6@hu kpnrf frk6, `l sncrk#kckf pnrn ket`rcndhknr f sustktukr ln cnh`*n o` uef, b`cbf, o`stkef cfe `s` o` ftrf.

lguens v`c`s lfs sncrk#kckfs sfe cfdkofs o`spu=s )u` `llfs bne skof f#r`ckof n, y nlguens v`c`s `llfs efs`r-e cfdkofs, `sp`cknldèt` cuneof `llfs sfe f#r`ckofs pnrn uef è uen è#`rdòno p`lkgrfsn. lguensv`c`s è ue cnsf cfdf `st` `l sncrk#kckf `s èt`rrnof è ln tk`rrn cfe ln rfpn o` cndn y cuhr`cndn o` ln p`rsfen è#`rdn, y su cu`rpf `s lnvnof èckdn o` ln dnecbn sk =l può` r`skstkrlf. lguefs, cfdf @hfFsu, s`r-e cfdkofs è s`gukon, è cunetf `llfs bnyne skof f#r`ckofs n, cfdf `s `l cnsf o` lfs sncrk#kckfs hn f o`l s`, y nl cfetrnrkf o` `stfs, ef s`r- su#rkof pnrn p`rdne`c`r bnstn pr!xkdf o'n. lguefs sfentnofs n ue lkg`rf nhnekcf suspèokof sfhr` ue pflf #krd`dèt` plnetnof è ln tk`rrn y o`+nof pnrn s`rfeo`nof sfhr` pfr `l vkètf. lguens v'ctkdns sfe o`s#klnons n trnv=s o` ue pu`hlf, ckuono, f vklln pnrncuyf hkè`stnr `llfs s`r-e sncrk#kcnofs, y nlguens v`c`s `llfs sfe nrrnstrnofs tndhk=e sfhr` ln s!lkon tk`rrnnet`s )u` `llfs s`ne sncrk#kcnofs pnrn )u` `llfs puok`rne ll`vnr l`+fs cfe `llfs `l p`cnof, culpn, y du`rt` o`lfs bnhktnet`s, y ftrfs prfhl`dns pfr cunl `stfs puok`rne s`r `llfs r`spfesnhl`s.

0ncrk#kckfs budnefs bne skof lfs prnctkcnofs pfr tfons lns ok#`rèt`s s`cckfe`s o` ln enck!e [fruhn y ftrntrkhus #rkcnens o`l F`st`, `sp`cknldèt` è lfs #`stkvnl`s p`rk!okcfs y è ftrns grneo`s fcnskfe`s8 p`rfbnstn ln r`ckèt` cfe)ukstn o`l r`kef o` %nbfd`y 9nl @st` o`l r`kef [fruhn: pfr ^rneckn, y ln ef r`skstkony ef snegrkètn cfe)ukstn y ne`xk!e o`l grne y pfo`rfsf r`kef o` sbnet`` 9nl $ur(`st`: pfr Grne7r`tn)n, `llfs #u`rfe duy cfdue`s y nhueonet`s è `llfs è cfe`xk!e cfe su r`sp`ctkvf cultf nec`strnl.

@l r`y o` %nbfd`y `s ke#frdnof, tne l`+nef bnckn ntr-s cfdf ?008, pnrn bnh`r cfestrukof uen r`nl cnsn<du`rt`, `l dfrt`rf è cunl bnh'n skof d`*clnof cfe snegr` budnen.




@e [fruhn ln v'ctkdn budnen `scfgkon pnrn `l sncrk#kckf, y )uk=e può` s`r f ue enckof lkhr` f ue `sclnvfuen p`rsfen o` efhl` f noke`rnof lken+`, f uef o` enckdkètf budklo`, `s, o`spu=s o` )u` =l bn skof`scfgkof y dnrcnof pnrn `l prfp!sktf, llndnof ue Flu+f.

1l sk`dpr` `s hkè nlkdètnof y eutrkof y prfpfrckfenof cfe cunl)uk`r cfsn )u` =l o`h` o`s`nr ournet` `l

p`r'fof o` su èck`rrf. Cuneof ln fcnsk!e ll`gn pnrn =l s`r sncrk#kcnof y f#r`ckof n, =l `s efrdnldèt`ll`vnof sfhr` y o`s#klnof n trnv=s o` lns cnll`s o`l pu`hlf f ckuono o`l 0fh`rnef )u` lf sncrk#kcnr'n pnrn `l hkè`stnr o` su gfhk`ref y o` cnon #ndklkn ` keokvkouf hn+f `st`, pnrn )u` =l puòn ll`vnrs` `l p`cnof, culpke#frtuekf y du`rt` o` tfofs ske `xc`pck!e. Cèk*ns y tk*ns pfor'ne s`r `dpl`nons pnrn `scfeo`r sukoètkono pfr uef skèof lkhr`dèt` tkrnof èckdn o` su cnh`*n, y su cnrn pketnon cfe lf ltkdf, nue)u`keokvkoufs pfor'ne n dèuof npr`surnrs` #u`rn o` sus cnsns pnrn pfe`r sus dnefs sfhr` =l `llfs pfor'ne nstrnes#`rkr n =l su p`cnof, prfhl`dns, culpn, y du`rt`.

@st` o`s#kl` b`cbf, =l `s tfdnof n trnv=s o` ue t`dpfrnl cfh`rtk*f sngrnof o` pnldn y ftrns rndns o` -rhfly è `sp`cknl o`l net`rkfr, `l =ghfou y su prkd`rn okvksk!e, o!eo` ducbns p`rsfens puòè s`gukrlf n `l, y trnv=s o` ue s`gueof o!eo` s!lf lfs +`#`s y ftrns p`rsfens duy kdpfrtnet`s pfor'ne `scfltnrlf y pfor'nencfdpnnrlf n `l, y n ue t`rc`rf o!eo` s!lf `l 7nhnln+f y su nyuonet` f#kcknl `l ;kghfen, sfe p`rdktkofn ètrnr cfe =l. )u', o`spu=s =l dksdf bn onof f bn `dp`*nof su ltkdn cneck!e, cunl `s pnrn s`r tfdnon pfr ln grne nsndhl`n o` p`rsfens )ukè`s bnhr-e `stnof `sp`rneof pnrn f'r su ltkdn pnlnhrn f su ltkdfg`dkof, su cnh`*n `s tfdnon y su snegr` f#r`ckon n lfs >kfs`s. @l neueckf o` su ltkdn pnlnhrn f su ltkdfg`dkof `scucbnons y tfdnons pfr `l pu`hlf, pfor'n s`r uen s`nl o` nl`gr'n, gf*f y ncck!e o` grnckns, y pnrn gflp`nr `l tndhfr y ln one*n, cfdf `xpr`sk!e o` su sntks#ncck!e o`hkof n )u` su sncrk#kckf bn skofnc`ptnof, ln krn okvken `s nplncnon, y ln p`rsp`ctkvn o` prfsp`rkono f ln dnyfr prfsp`rkono ns`gurnon.

/en fv`+n f cunl)uk`r ftrn crknturn hrutn `scfgkons cfdf uen v'ctkdn pnrn ue sncrk#kckf prfpkckntfrkf pnrnuef )u` o`s`n vèkr n ue grne ` kdpfrtnet` f#kckf phlkcf, y è r`sp`tf o` )ukè =#2 bnh'n pròkcbf ue cfrtgfc` o` ln pfskck!e y uen t`dprnen r`dfck!e o` `st` pnrn bnc`r sktkf pnrn ftrn p`rsfen )u` lf oks#rutnr'n èd-s lnrgf, pfor'n s`r skdklnrdèt` o`s#klnof n trnv=s o`l pu`hlf ns' `st` pfor'n s`r cnrgnof cfe ln dnl<)u`rèckn cfe cunl sus è`dkgfs sfe cr`'ofs pnrn ètr`tè`r è cfetrn y o`s`fs o`l f#`rèt` y cfe ln du`rt prfeuecknon cfetrn =l, y cuneof o`spu=s `st` `st- skèof ll`vnof ntr-s oètrf o` su cnsn `st` pfor'n s`rnpnl`nof bnstn ln du`rt` è s`gukon è ln ètrnon pfr nlguens p`rsfens `sp`cknldèt` o`skgenons.

0ncrk#kckfs budnefs sfe gè`rnldèt` f#r`ckofs è lfs [fruhn y è ducbns ftrns pnrt`s o` "#rkcn pfr lfs0fh`rnefs, `sp`cknldèt` cuneof uen `xpknck!e )u` `s pnrn s`r b`cbn `s o` ue cnr-ct`r gè`rnl, y è lfsket`r`s`s o` sus gfhk`refs r`sp`ctkvfs y pu`hlfs8 y `stf `s sk`dpr`, è lfs [fruhn, s`ge ln `sp`c'#kcn pr`scrkpck!e y o`spu=s o` ln kestkgnck!e o` snc`roft`s )u`, pnrn r`cfecklknrs` `llfs pfr `l t`d`rfsf `keokgenet` b`cbf y pr`vèkr pnrn `llfs lfs r`pnrfs o` cfeckèckn sfhr` `stf, efrdnldèt` huscne è sukokfdn pnrn dngek#kcnr net` `llfs su grne pfo`r y ln kdpfrtneckn o` su f#kckf, ` kdpr`skfenr `llfs cfe lnko`n )u` enok` bnhr'n f pfor'n llndnrlfs è cuètn pfr `st` usf )u` `llfs bnr'ne o` ln vkon o` ue bfdhr`cfdpn`rf.

0ncrk#kckfs sfe f#r`ckofs pnrn y pfr keokvkoufs prkvnofs, #ndklkns keokvkounl`s, ue cunrtf è pnrtkculnr o` u pu`hlf f ckuono, f pfr cfdpl`tf o` `stn è `l efdhr` o`l r`y. Cuneof ue sncrk#kckf `s uef #ndklknr `sefrdnldèt` llndnof o` cfdf @hf ghfl`<ue sncrk#kckf o` ln cnsn. Cuneof `st` `s pnrn ue cunrtf pnrtkculnr o` ue pu`hlf f ckuono `s bnhlnof o` cfdf @hf kghfrf<f ue sncrk#kckf o` okstrktf8 y cuneof `st``s pnrn ue pu`hlf èt`rf f ckuono `s gè`rnldèt` bnhlnof, o` cfdf @hf ghnlu<ue sncrk#kckf pnrn hnrr`rl`+fs o`l pu`hlf lf dnlf, f @hf Fhn, f `l sncrk#kckf o`l X`y.




@stfs sncrk#kckfs )u` sfe f#r`ckofs pfr lfs pngnefs n sus Frksbn, )ukè`s fcupne ndhfs lugnr`s oò`kono`s suhfrokenons y dòknofr`s, sfe cr`'ofs pnrn s`r tfdnofs pfr `l Grne /ef pfr ue `sp'rktu )ukè`llfs oèfdkene Dgh`ruD, `l cnrgnofr, cuyf e`gfckf `sp`cknl `s `st` pnrn tfdnr n `llfs pnrn =l y `sp`rnrsfhr` =l cfe `llfs. 1l pnsn pfr `l t'tulf, Dgh`ru tk kgh` `hf r` frueD 6gh`ru )u` ll`vn lfs sncrk#kckfs o

p`rsfens nl ck`lf.6 @l c`stf è )u` s` supfe` )u` =l ll`vn lfs sncrk#kckfs nl ck`lf `st- rnynon cfe lns bf+nssngrnons n =#2, ns' pfr `+`dplf D@+` tftfD, lns bf+ns o` tftf, 6cunl `s skdh!lkcf o`l o`s`f y frnck!e o`lf#`rèt` )u` =l può` s`r kgunl pnrn n)u=llfs )u` sfe net`s y sfhr` =l68 ln D@+` @+uru;uD lns bf+ns o`@+uru;u, )u` `s skdh!lkcf o` su o`s`f o` )u` =l puòn sup`rnr n ftrfs68 D@+` =gh`r`skD lns bf+ns=gh`r`sk, )u` `s gè`rnldèt` bnhlnof y o`scrktf cfdf ln bf+n =gh`r`sk )u` ncfdpnn n ue sncrk#kckf nlck`lf. D@+` =gh`r`sk tk = ske `hflf sk frueD y lns bf+ns [`y` )u` sfe n dèuof o`scrktns cfdf D@+` [ ytk k;` 9k kr` yn sk kl` èkD, 6ln bf+n o` [`y` )u` trn` ln hèokck!e oètrf o` eu`strns cnsns6.

5fs efdhr`s o` lfs snc`roft`s [fruhn sfe lfs skgukèt`s&< @l 7nhnln+f, `l Flu+f, `l ;kghfen, `l+frf, `l Fof#ke, `l rf, `l snr`pn+f, `l sn+f, `l p`t`hk )u` n v`c`s `s llndnon yn+f.

@l 7nhnln+f `s `l pr`skoèt` o` lfs dkst`rkfs y lfs rktfs y c`r`dfekns o` ln r`lkgk!e y cultf, y =l `s tndhk=`l 0nc`roft` 0ncrk#kcnet`, `l dn`strf o` ln r`lkgk!e, y `l okvkef pfr dòkf o` cfesultn n lfs 0ngrnofsFr-culfs. 1l `s sk`dpr` `sp`cknldèt` y o` uen dne`rn #frdnl cfesngrnof n su f#kckf cuneof =l `s pnrns`rvkr n ue r`y cfdf su 0nc`roft` Cfesultfr.

/e Flu+f è `stn clns` `s ue dnyfr y +`#` o` ln clns` o` 7nhnln+fs, cuyns okr`cckfe`s `l r`stf sfe tfons`sp`rnons pnrn fhò`c`r8 p`rf n dèuof può` ue bfdhr` s`r f'of bnhlneof o` ue 7nhnln+f o` )ukè =lbn r`ckhkof su =#2 cfdf su Flu+f.

/e ;kghfen `s ue nyuonet` +`#` ndhfs pnrn `l Flu+f y cunl)uk`rn o` lfs ftrfs 7nhnln+fs, y è uenfcnsk!e o` ue grne sncrk#kckf, pfr `+`dplf, `l o` f#rèonr ue s`r budnef, =l `s `l ekcf, cfe ue +frf,o`skgenof pnrn ncfdpnnr nl 7nhnln+f )ukè pfor'n r`nlk*nr `l sncrk#kckf pnrn )u` puòn s`r o`scrktf cfd`l d-s sngrnof lugnr è `l =ghfou, y )u= `s `l lugnr o` ndhfs o` dntne*n y o` f#rèon.

/e Fof#ke `s ue 7nhnln+f tktulnof pr!xkdf è rnegf nl Flu+f, y =l `s prkvkl`gknof pnrn nctunr pfr =l èsu nusèckn.

/e rf `s `l t`rc`r 7nhnln+f è rnegf, y =l `s tktulnof pnrn nctunr pnrn ndhfs `l Flu+f y `l Fof#ke è snusèckn.

/e snr` pn+f `s ue dèsn+`rf cuyf f#kckf `s llndnr n lfs 7nhnln+fs è sus r`skoèckns r`sp`ctkvns `kevktnr n `llfs n uen rùek!e sk`dpr` )u` ue efdhrndkètf bn skof b`cbf, y =l y tfofs )u` ll`vne `l t'tulfcfe =l sfe n)u=llfs )u` sfe tndhk=e `sp`rnofs pnrn pr`pnrnr ` kdprfvksnr ue =ghfou sk`dpr` )u` lfs7nhnln+fs pkone pfr uef.

/e sn+f `s ftrf nskstèt` sfhr` ue 7nhnln+f, y nyuonet` `sp`cknl pnrn ue snr` pn+f.

/e p`t`hk f @su f yn+f `s uen du+`r )u` `s cfesko`rnon cfdf ln `spfsn o`l prfpkf Fruedkln, y )uk= può` è r`nlkono s`r f ln `spfsn o` ue 7nhnln+f f ln `spfsn o` cunl)uk`rn pnrn )ukè ue sncrk#kckf s`r'nf#r`ckof y )uk=e sk`dpr` s` `sp`rn )u` o= nyuon è `stf.




/e +frf `s ue dkekstrf +`#` o`vftf n ue Frksbn pnrtkculnr, y n =l `s nskgenon ln tnr`n ok#'ckl ` keokgenetò` pfe`r ln du`rt` n ue s`r budnef cfdpn`rf cfesngrnof pnrn sncrk#kckf. /e cneokontf pnrn `l f#kckf y okgef o` ue 7nhnln+f `s `sp`rnof )u` s`n ue nludef pnrn ue 7nhnln+f hk`cfefckof pfr su necbf cfefckdkètf o` lfs dkst`rkfs o` ln r`lkgk!e y su bnhklkono è `l `+`rckckf o` `stn, y

è `sp`cknl è `l nrt` o` ln nokvkenck!e, ournet` pfr lf dèfs tr`s nfs y nprèo`r ln prf#`sk!e o` suyn. ]`rnludefs )u` sfe ndhkckfsfs o` s`r ducbf sup`rkfr n sus cfdpn`rfs o` ln dksdn prf#`sk!e nlguens v`c`ssfe `l`gkofs pnrn cfetkeunr su nludenof y nprèok*n+` n cuntrf, ckecf, s`ks, ` keclusf sk`t` nfs.

Cfdf lns ofctrkens y pr-ctkcns o` ln prf#`sk!e ef `st-e cfdprfd`tkofs pnrn s`r `scrktns, `l dn`strf s!lf`dpl`n ln ès`ne*n frnl, r`prfouckèof o`so` su d`dfrkn o` tk`dpf è tk`dpf tnl`s cfsns )u` `l nludefo`h`r'n nprèo`r y cfdprfd`t`r tndhk=e è su prfpkn d`dfrkn8 y sus t`stkdfekfs o` lns nctunckfe`s o` su prf#`sfr #r`cuèt`dèt` y ln nskstèckn n =l è `llns `s tndhk=e `sp`rnof pnrn prfdfv`r su òucnck!e.

@l cursf `s okvkokof oètrf o` tr`s pnrt`s cuhrkèof lfs tr`s nfs o` nludenof frokenrkf. @e `l prkd`r nf `cneokontf nprèo` lfs efdhr`s o` tfofs lfs Flfous y Fous,<lfs skgefs )u` r`pr`sètne n cnon uef o` `llfy t`stk#kcn pfr ln pr-ctkcn su ofdkekf o` `llfs. @e `l s`gueof nf =l nprèo` lns ue dkl y uen trnokckfe`scfe`ctnons cfe `l Flfous y Fous y<)u= sfe okcbfs ns' pfr ducbfs )u` bne skof `scnsndèt` ècfetrnofue 7nhnln+f )uk=e bnyn nprèokof y r`ckt` `l tfof o` `llfs8 p`rf nll' `st-e n)u=llfs )u` bne nprèokof ycfdprfd`tkof è ln d`dfrkn ue ed`rf duy dnyfr o` `llfs )u` lfs ftrfs bne b`cbf, y )uk=e ètfec`s può` bnc`r ue necbf usf o`l cuècf cfesultfr. @e `l t`rc`r nf `l cneokontf nprèo` `l d=tfof y usf o`lcfrtf lne*ndkètf y è r`lnck!e cfe `stf nyuon è `l cuècf cfesultfr.

/e 7nhnln+f, `l`ctf y s`nlnof pnrn `sp`rnr s`r o` ue r`y sk`dpr` cfdf su 7nhnln+f )ukè `s pnrncfesultnr =#2 pnrn =l sk`dpr` `s uef )u` s` bn okstkegukof `l dksdf sfhr` ftrfs pfr su sup`rkfrcfefckdkètf o` lns trnokckfe`s y su bnhklkono è usnrlns y è `l nrt` o` cfesultnr `l fr-culf =#2. 0u t=rdkeo` nludenof o`h` bnh`r `xcòkof tr`s nfs, y =l `s gè`rnldèt` #frdnldèt` pu`stf npnrt` pnrn `st` suduy kdpfrtnet` y r`spfesnhl` f#kckf y ln okgekono cfe`ctnon cfe `stf pfr ftrfs 7nhnln+fs è uen `sp`cknrùek!e r`tèkon pnrn `l prfp!sktf cuneof `llfs pfor'ne ètr` ftrns c`r`dfekns uekofs uhkcnr sfhr` sucnh`*n nlguens bf+ns sngrnons pnrn =#2, )u` skgek#kcn pnrn =l y pnrn lfs ftrfs su `l`vnck!e nl f#kckf.

0us `sp`cknldèt` o`skgenofs nyuonet`s sfe `l Flf+f Ftue +f, ln dnef o`r`cbn o`l 7nhnln+f, pfr ftr pnrt` llndnof Frksn8 `l Flf+f Fsk +f, ln dnef k*)uk`ron o`l 7nhnln+f, pfr ftrn pnrt` llndnof `l Fsfpy `l Flfpfe `9`;k n+f, f `l s`gueof cuècf cfesultfr o`l 7nhnln+f, cnon uef o` )ukè tkè` su prfpkf;kghfen )u` n v`c`s `s llndnof L`+`r`.

0u hneo`rn o` f#kckf cfeskst` è ue cfro!e o` cuètns o` vnrkfs cflfr`s sk`dpr` ll`vnof nlròòfr sudu`cn k*)uk`ron8 uen cfln o` vncn f hu`y )u` =l sk`dpr` ll`vn sfhr` cfe =l8 y ue hnst!e )u` nlguens v`c``s ue Fpn Fsu, `s o`ckr, ue hnst!e sngrnof n F#u8 è ftrfs dfdètfs ue Fpn Fr`r`r`, `l hnst!e Fr`r`r`y è ftrfs dfdètfs ue Fpn Fsfrfrf, f `l hnst!e Fsfrfrf.

@l f#kckf `s sfpfrtnof o`so` uen r`gulnr cfesultn pr`scrktn y nokvkenckfe`s tnsnons )u` sfe n v`c`s y o`b`cbf n dèuof `xcòkons sfhr` cuètn o` lf )u` `s pèsnof n s`r ln pfskck!e #keneck`rn sup`rkfr o` uesflkcktnet` pnrn uen cfesultn o` =#28 lfs sncrk#kckfs y f#rèons b`cbns n lfs >kfs`s8 y r`gnlfs o` n)u=llfs)ukè`s n `llfs skrvè )u= =stfs cfesko`rne ue o`h`r y ue prkvkl`gkf pnrn bnc`r n `llfs, `sp`cknldèt` è lns#k`stns #k+nons.




@l skst`dn dfrnl o`l pngneksdf [fruhn ès`n r`v`rèckn n lfs >kfs`s, )u` `s pnrn dfstrnr n lfs dksdfs,ètr` ftrns cfsns, ue oknrkf y t`dprnef cultf è ln dnnen pnrn `llfs net`s sus kd-gè`s net`s o` bnc`rcunl)uk`r e`gfckf, `l `+`rckckf o` #` è `llfs y su gu'n y ftrns nyuons pfr cfesultns n `llfs sfhr` tfons lnsdnt`rkns kdpfrtnet`s8 r`sp`tf y r`v`rèckn pnrn ln òno y pnrn tfon nutfrkono8 #klknl cfesko`rnck!e yr`v`rèckn pnrn y fhòkèckn n lfs pnor`s<pfr pnrt` o` lfs ekfs sk`dpr`, y cukonof ` kevflucrnrs` cfe `llfs

hn+f lns o`hklkono`s o` è#`rdòno y o` v`+`*, y è tk`dpfs o` e`c`skono prfouckofs pfr ftrnsckrcuestneckns8 uen grne cfesko`rnck!e pnrn `l dntrkdfekf y ln p`rp`tukono o`l vkeculf, sudksk!e n susdnrkofs pfr pnrt` o` lns `spfsns, y cukonof y prft`cck!e o` pnrt` o` lfs dnrkofs8 `l `+`rckckf o` lfs o`h`r`so` bfspktnlkono n tfofs, y sfhr` tfof n lfs `xtrnfs8 #ko`lkono n ln ndkstno hn+f tfons lns ckrcuestneckns8cnstkono, v`rnckono è `l okscursf, bfe`stkono, hfeono, y ètr` nlguens trkhus `l vnlfr tndhk=e8 nue)u` hn+f`stn ke#luèckn ns`skentf y rfhf, y n v`c`s ln pr-ctkcn o` hru+`r'n sfe cnstkgnofs cfe ln du`rt`8 noult`rkf y#frekcnck!e cfe uen s`v`rn o`sbfern sfcknl y dultns y uen vètn n ln `sclnvktuo, y, o!eo` `l bfefr o` ln`spfsn o` ue r`y `s cfec`rekof, cfe ln du`rt` n v`c`s8 sukckokf, cfe ue ètk`rrf o`sbferfsf8 y nhneofef `keok#`rèckn pnrn pngnr uen oùon, ` kesflvèckn, cfe ducbf o`sbfefr sfcknl8 y `stf o`snpru`hn, ètr` ftrncfsns, frgullf y vnekono y `xtrnvngneckn.

@etr` =stfs puòè cfetnrs` ln vègne*n y r`tnlknck!e, fokf, c`lfs, dnlkckn, dnl)u`rèckn, dueonenlkono,èf+f ` krn y `gf'sdf nlguefs o` lfs cunl`s bne cfetrkhukof pnrn prfpfrckfenr uen hns` pnrn `l skst`dn o``sclnvktuo y `l cfd`rckf o`l `sclnvf y pnrn ln vkon o` ]flkgndkn )u` bn gfh`renof `l pn's ournet` skglfs, y pnrn lns duy lnrgns kec`snet`s gu`rrns ket`r<trkhnl )u` bne nrrukenof n `stns.

5fs dftkvfs pnrn vkrtuo sfe uen cr`èckn è uen prfvkoèckn r`trkhutkvn, f pnrn hkè f pnrn `l dnl8 `l dkòo` o`sbfern sfcknl y o` cnstkgf tndhk=e, )u= pfor'ne cn`r ef s!lf sfhr` ue dnl keokvkounl y `l bncòfr o`ldnl, p`rf sfhr` sus pnrkèt`s y ftrfs cfe`ctnofs tndhk=e8 ln p`rsp`ctkvn o` uen vkon lnrgn è ln tk`rrn, o`s` pfr prfsp`rkono, y t`rrfr o` ln krn o` lfs >kfs`s y o`l cnstkgf o` `llfs.

@stf ès`n )u` `l nldn o`l bfdhr` ef `s r`spfesnhl` n ln du`rt`, y )u` o`spu=s o` ln du`rt` o`l cu`rpf,cunl r`sultn o` su snlkon o` `st`, `st` vu`ln sfhr` ln tk`rrn ournet` nlge tk`dpf, y o`spu=s o` `stf pnrtòètrf o`l dueof o` lfs `sp'rktus dns nll- 9nrrkhn:. >`so` ln skgukèt` pnr-hfln )u` s` r`#k`r` n ln du`rt` oue 7nhnln+f, y )u= `s nplkcnhl` tndhk=e n ftrns p`rsfens )uk=e bn du`rtf& <D+f 9k k 9u&< +f lf sk=tueln. =tueln ek kl` +fD. D+f<f ue 7nhnln+f euecn s` du`r`8 =l vn n =tueln 9`l dueof o!eo` lfsbfdhr`s vkvè o` eu`vf o`spu=s o` ln du`rt`:. =tueln `s ln cnsn o` ue +fD.

5fs `sp'rktus o` tfofs lfs du`rtfs vne o`spu=s o` du`rtf n DFrueD, lfs ck`lfs f `l dueof o`l dns nll-.@st` `s okvkokof è ofs pnrt`s. /en pnrt` `s efrdnldèt` llndnon D=snln FrueD f cfdf uen dnrcn o``xc`lèckn8 DFrueD d`rndèt`, f DFrue #`#` r`r`D, `l ck`lf o`l oulc` nkr`, f DFrue ln#knD, `l ck`lf o pn* y #`lkckono, o!eo` lns nldns o` tfofs lfs huèfs o` `st` dueof sfe nodktkofs y vkvè o`spu=s o` lndu`rt`8 y ftrn pnrt` `s llndnon Frue pneok, `l dueof o` c`r-dkcn rftn o!eo` lfs `sp'rktus o`l dnl nll' pnsne n y vkvè è, o`spu=s o` ln du`rt` cfdf ue dfet!e o` o`s`cbf y hnsurn, uen dnsn o` nldnsr`cbn*nons o` >kfs <y )ukè`s sfe trntnons nll' cfdf ln c`r-dkcn rftn `s n)u' ofeo` `llfs efrdnldèt` sfe`cbnofs n ue dulnonr. v`c`s `st` dueof s` o`scrkh` cfdf `l Frue kbnrkbn, `l ck`lf o` lns bf+ns s`cns,cuhrkèof uen fr`+n o` dn'*, f `l ck`lf o!eo` lfs `sp'rktus )u` vne nll' sfe trntnofs cfdf uens bf+nsgè`rnldèt` )u` `st-e nll' pnrn s`r tkrnofs è `l #u`gf, `stf `s tndhk=e ns' o`scrktf, DFrue kbnrkbn, khk tkFrue ntk ken pno` tk e+fe ebf y`D, 6`l ck`lf o`l =bnrkbn, o!eo` ndhfs `l sfl y #u`gf rùekofs +uetfs, yofeo` `l rugkof o` sus llndns uekons y `l cnlfr `st- cfdf `l grktf o` uen grne dultktuo6.




@l `sp'rktu o` uef huèf du`rtf r`tfren o`l dueof o` lfs `sp'rktus pnrn enc`r o` eu`vf è `st` dueofcfdf bnh'n skof `l cnsf cfe `st` net`s y oètrf o` ln #ndklkn o` cunl `st` bn skof net`s o` du`rtf uen pnrt`vkskhl`. >`so` `stf `s )u` o`spu=s ue enckdkètf o` ue ekf y cuneof ue efdhr` pfor'n s`r onof n `st` ue7nhnln+f `s cfesultnof pfr lfs pnor`s )u` `llfs pfor'ne cfefc`r sk f ef `l ekf )ukè `s uef )u` pnrtk!)u` bn r`tfrenof n `llfs bn vèkof n trnv=s o` ln l'e`n #ndklknr o`l pnor` f ln dnor`, )u` ln #ndklkn pfor'n

snh`r cfe )u= l'e`n `llfs pfor'ne #frdnldèt` cfe`ctnr n `st` pfr `l efdhr` )u` pfor'n s`r onof n `st`. @stcuètn pnrn n)u`llfs efdhr`s cfdf =stfs onofs n ekfs& < D[`y`(tueo`D < 6%u`strn dnor` bn r`tfrenof nefsftrfs68 y D7nhntueo`D < 6%u`strf pnor` bn r`tfrenof n efsftrfs6. @stn trnes<dkgrnck!e `s bnhlnon o`c!df D[kynD < f `l okspnrf no`lnet` o` uen rndn.

ll' bny nlguen o=hkl efck!e o` ue +ukckf o`spu=s o` ln du`rt`, cfdf può` s`r ke#`rkof o`so` lfs skgukèt`cfdètnrkfs fcnskfenl`s o` lfs [fruhnes, ket`lkgèt`s hn+f ue sètkof o` dnl y o` su kecnpnckono pnrnvègnr `stfM

DFbue tk f s` dk ykN ntk `dk ntk k+f ek k rf f ek+n;u èk tk f rk +nD.6Cfdf `stn cfsn f `st` dnl )u` ustò d` bn b`cbf, yf okgf, ndhfs ustò y yf tèor`dfs )u` r`lntnr `stf

y net` 1l 9>kfs: )uk=e efs v`6.

D6kghntk `dk hn 9uN ntk `dk ntk k+f ek klf rf f ek+n;u FlfrueD.6Cuneof yf du`rn, ndhfs ustò y yf tèor`dfs )u` r`lntnr `stf 9eu`strf cnsf: f 9`l dnl pr`suetf: net`

>kfs6.

DFbue ghfghf tk n #` lk ky` n #`r` ok koèn frue Jf;u khfo` frue 9n ghfghfD6Cfe r`sp`ctf n lf )u` efsftrfs bnc`dfs è `st` dueof efsftrfs vèor`dfs prfetf n ln ètrnon o` ln v`r+

nl ftrf dueof o!eo` efsftrfs tèor`dfs )u` onr cuètn o` `llfs tfofs6.

5n kgefrneckn o` l`trns bn pr`vèkof ln ès`ne*n o` `st` skst`dn skèof keclukof è ue lkhrf pnrn lfss`gukofr`s o`l pngneksdf o` [fruhn& p`rf `stf bn skof cfdprfd`tkof nl cukonof o` ln trnokck!e frnl pnrncunl lfs pu`hlfs hkè<`+`rcktnofs y #u`rt`dèt` d`dfrk*nof p`rdkt` uen grne nyuon, ès`ne*n pnt`renl, lke#luèckn o` ln klustrnck!e p`rdktkon pfr `l cnstkgf ftfrgnof nl dnl y n lfs bncòfr`s o`l dnl, y lns ducbns pnr-hflns )u` ètrne grneo`dèt` è `l kokfdn o`l pn's y )u= s` bne vu`ltf è cfes`cuèckn o` `stf uekdpfrtnet` v`b'culf o` kestrucck!e, y `l `+`dplf o`l dnyfr net`s lns p`rsfens d-s +!vè`s.

@stf ef può` s`r +ustn y v`rono`rndèt` okcbf )u` `stn ko`n è lf suc`skvf bn tèkof cunl)uk`r ke#luècknè lfs pu`hlfs. %f `s )u` `stf pnrtkculnrdèt` ke#luèck` sus cfeouctns è ln vkon. ]`rf nue)u` duykdp`r#`ctf `stf s`n, tfonv'n `stf ck`rtndèt` on t`stkdfekf cfetrn n)u=llfs o` `llfs )uk=e`s `scneonlk*ne `dnlono, onf, ke+ustkckn y o`scfesko`rnck!e n su v`ckefs.

^ke.

@xtrnctfs o` ln G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcnN pfr `l ]rf#`sfr I. . hnyfdk Cfl`& <




@e n)u`llfs t`dprnefs o'ns o` ln bkstfrkn o`l dueof, cuneof lfs >kfs`s nsfcknofs cfe lfs bfdhr`s y ok`rf`llfs su vnlkèt` nyuon è tfofs sus #frc`+`fs pfr ln `xkstèckn, sncrk#kckfs #u`rfe f#r`ckofs bnckn `llfs. @e`stfs f#r`ckdkètfs `llfs s` sketk`rfe tne nltndèt` ngrno`ckofs )u` `llfs hn+nrfe o`l ck`lf è tnl`s grneo`sed`rfs )u` `stf ef #u` pfskhl` fhtè`r ln cnre` su#kckèt` pnrn okstrkhukr ètr` `llfs.

3nhkèof cultkvnof ue pnlnonr pnrn ln cnre`, y lfs nofrnofr`s ef skèof b-hkl`s pnrn prfpfrckfenr tfon lno`dneon o` `llfs, lfs >kfs`s #u`rfe pfr cfeskgukèt` fhlkgnofs n ncuokr n vnrkns p`rs`cuckfe`s pnrn )u``llfs puok`rne fhtè`r su cfdkon.

=#2, `l >kfs o` ln okvkenck!e, tfd! pfr p`scnr.

@e ue ck`rtf o'n =#2 vflvk! o`l dnr bndhrkètf y `xbnustf, o`spu=s o` ef bnh`r cfgkof ekege p`*. 1lètfec`s cfesult! nl okfs @l`ghn 9`l oknhlf: )u= bnc`r.

@l`ghn, è r`spu`stn, ok+f )u` nll' bnh'n c`rcnef è `l hfs)u` uen grne+n p`rtè`ckèt` n Fruegn, `l bk+f oln okfsn 9[`dn;n:. @stn #u` plnetnon pfr Fouourn, ln `spfsn o` Fhntnln 9`l Ck`lf:. @stn s`dhr! s!lfok`cks=ks eu`c`s, y sk =#n può` tè`r =xktf pnrn fhtè`r lns ok`cks=ks eu`c`s o` pnldn o`so` Fruegn<)uk=enbfrn pfs`` ln tk`rrn<=l pfor'n, cfe `llfs, ès`nrl` `l nrt` o` nokvkenck!e, pfr cunl ln cfdkon s`r'nns`gurnon pnrn lfs >kfs`s ske ncuokr n ln lnhfr8 pnrn cnon uef )u` o`s`nrn cfesultnr lfs Fr-culfs pngnr'neuen cnhrn, y snhkèof ln neskòno o` ln budnekono pfr #ksgfe`nr è `l #uturf, =l `stnhn s`gurf )u` lfs>kfs`s pfor'ne o` `st` dfof tè`r d-s cnre` )u` ln )u` `llfs e`c`sktnrne, `stkpulneof nl dksdf tk`dpf )uln prkd`rn fpck!e o` tfon lns cfsns ns' o`h`r'n s`r suyn.

=#2 è s`gukon prfcòk! n ln grne+n o` Fruegn. 1l e`gfck! pfr lns ok`cks=ks eu`c`s o` pnldn, prfd`tkèof cndhkf pnrn `llfs ès`nrl` n Fruegn c!df pr`v`r `l #uturf, ns`gurneof `l )u` pfr `st` cfefckdkètf =l sbnr'n duy rkcf, y nl dksdf tk`dpf s`r o` grne s`rvkckf n ln budnekono.

Fruegn #u` y cfesult! n su `spfsn, Frksnhk )ukè `stuvf o` ncu`rof )u` `llfs pfor'ne pnrtkr lns eu`c`s o`ln pnldn, sk pfr bnc`r `sf `llfs pfor'ne bnc`rs` ndhfs rkcfs y tkl`s. dhfs o` `llfs s` pusk`rfe pnrncfes`gukr lns eu`c`s, )u` `llfs cfl`cckfenrfe pfr ln nyuon o` dfefs. _fons, ok`cks=ks è ed`rf, #u`rfen+ustnofs è ue hultf o` rfpn, y Frksnhk nt! `l hultf è su pnrt` o` ntr-s o` ln dne`rn è )u` gè`rnldèt`s` ll`vne lfs h`h=s, y `lln cfe su dnrkof lns tfd! pnrn =#2.

=#2 r`ckhk! y lfs tfd! n `llfs pnrn @l`ghn )ukè lf ès`! cfdf =l prfd`tk!, `l nrt` o` nokvkenck!e8 =#2 èturef ès`! `stf n su v`* n Fruegn, )ukè ns' s` vflvk! `l prkd`r 7nhn<nln+f 9`s o`ckr, ]nor` o`Hkst`rkfs:.

]fr lf tnetf è tfons lns fp`rnckfe`s o` g`fdneckn lfs 7nhn(nln+f`s usne ln #!rduln cfde&

Fruegn n;uhn fbK < `s o`ckr, BFruegn, yf lf r`sp`tfFrksnhk n;uhk fbK < `s o`ckr, BFrksnhk, yf ln r`sp`tf

@stf r`spfeo` pnrn lns ok`cks=ks eu`c`s o` ln pnldn usnons è ln nokvkenck!e [fruhn tfof cfrr`spfeokèofn lns ofc` cnsns o` lfs ck`lfs P ofs t`stkgfs g`fd-etkcfs P ue +u`* g`fd-etkcf P ue grne +u`* fhtèkof pfrln p`rdutnck!e o`l +u`*, ln o`ckdf)uketn #kgurn, cfe ln #kgurn o` ln prkd`rn cnsn, tfof kgunl n ok`cks=ks#kgurns.

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ll' bny vnrkfs d=tfofs o` nokvkenck!e, f cfe ok`cks=ks pkòrns tfdnons o`l `st!dngf o` ue cnkd-e, usnofgrneo`dèt` pfr lns trkhus è `l ket`rkfr o` ln Cflfekn o` $k`rrn L`fen, f cfe ok`cks=ks pkòrns frokenrkns,#rk+fl`s, eu`c`s o` ln pnldn, f cnurks.

^ke.

,fcnhulnrkf o` @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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[fruhn(@spn)fl.

tk pn fhk sk frne en Q %fsftrfs efs b`dfs pnrtkof ln Cfln sfhr` `l nsuetf, )u= `s kgunl o`ckr, %fsftrfs

b`dfs `stnhl`ckof `l nsuetf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.hn9u+k;f 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l 0`r cuyf pfo`r `s tne grneo` )u` =l llndn ln du`rt` pnrn onr cuètns.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.o`l` Q 9ke )u` dkrn 9t`stkgf:, `s n)u`l cunl pnsn n ef n s`r tfdnof cfe `l r`stf pfr ue snc`roft`cfesultnet`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.gh`ru Q @l cnrgnofr, cuyf e`gfckf `sp`cknl `s `st` pnrn tfdnr lfs `hf pnrn =l y `sp`rnr sfhr` =l cfe `llfs0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.g`df Q _rkhus )u` tndhk=e sfe cfesko`rnons cfdf è pfs`sk!e o` ducbn cnpnckono pròkcntkvn. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.gkok 9huo'e o` dnkcèn: Q Jultf ofeo` s` o`pfsktn lns eu`c`s o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.ky` Q _k`rrn, Hueof. 0kèof ètèokof )u` kecluy` n ln tk`rrn y `l ck`lf +uetfs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.;` Q >` lfs @gue f trkhu ]fpf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.;` Q >kfs o`l cfd`rckf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.;kghfen Q 0nc`roft` [fruhn, `s ue nyuonet` +`#` ndhfs pnrn `l Flu+f y cunl)uk`rn o` lfs ftrfs7nhnln+fs, y è uen fcnsk!e o` ue grne sncrk#kckf, pfr `+`dplf, `l o` f#rèonr ue s`r budnef, =l `s `lekcf, cfe ue +frf, o`skgenof pnrn ncfdpnnr nl 7nhnln+f )ukè pfor'n r`nlk*nr `l sncrk#kckf pnrn )u` puòn s`r o`scrktf cfdf `l d-s sngrnof lugnr è `l =ghfou, y )u= `s `l lugnr o` ndhfs o` dntne*n y o`f#rèon. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.9ke Q /ef #u`rt` eu`* o` pnldn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.9ke lk n = pn( n 9k lu Fousf 9X`*f: Q /e 9ke `s `l )u` efsftrfs pfo`dfs gflp`nr pnrn nokvkenck!e&efsftrfs tè`dfs& ekege o`r`cbf o` gflp`nr ue Fousu eu`* o` pnldn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.9f9f Q "rhfl sngrnof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.lnhn Q >ket`l o`r`cbf )u` `s sngrnof ofeo` ln snegr` o` uen v'ctkdn sncrk#kcnon s` rfc'n prkd`rf. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.lnky` Q @l >u`f o` ln _k`rrn. 9/en #frdn cfetrn'on o` @ektk(f(ek(nky`:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksd[fruhn.lns` Q >ket`l k*)uk`rof )u` `s sngrnof ofeo` ln snegr` o` uen v'ctkdn sncrk#kcnon s` rfc'n o` s`gueof.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.p`r` Q Cn+n o` dno`rn `sp`cknldèt` hkè<pr`pnrnon ofeo` s` o`pfsktn =ghnou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.p`t`hk Q /en p`t`hk f @su f yn+f `s uen du+`r )u` `s cfesko`rnon cfdf ln `spfsn o`l prfpkfFruedkln, y )uk=e può` è r`nlkono s`r f ln `spfsn o` ue 7nhnln+f f ln `spfsn o` cunl)uk`rn pnrn )ukèue sncrk#kckf s`r'n f#r`ckof y )uk=e sk`dpr` s` `sp`rn )u` o= nyuon è `stf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.rndk#` Q >kfs o`l #u`gf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.rf Q 0nc`roft`s [fruhn, `s `l t`rc`r 7nhnln+f è rnegf, y =l `s tktulnof pnrn nctunr pnrn ndhfs `lFlu+f y `l Fof#ke è su nusèckn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.snr`pn+f Q 0nc`roft`s [fruhn, `s ue dèsn+`rf cuyf f#kckf `s llndnr n lfs 7nhnln+fs è susr`skoèckns r`sp`ctkvns ` kevktnr n `llfs n uen rùek!e sk`dpr` )u` ue efdhrndkètf bn skof b`cbf, y =l y

4




tfofs )u` ll`vne `l t'tulf cfe =l sfe n)u=llfs )u` sfe tndhk=e `sp`rnofs pnrn pr`pnrnr ` kdprfvksnr ue=ghfou sk`dpr` )u` lfs 7nhnln+fs pkone pfr uef. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.sn+f Q 0nc`roft`s [fruhn, `s ftrf nskstèt` sfhr` ue 7nhnln+f, y nyuonet` `sp`cknl pnrn ue snr`pn+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.tfrk Q rhustf sngrnof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

+n ok FykgkykgkN n 9k f 9u df Q 0fdfs efsftrfs dksdfs. 3nck=eofefs Fykgkykgk )u` `s ln pkòrn )u` okenckdkètf n @ln y yn ef dfrkr-e6. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+f @gne Q 5fs prkd`rfs ofs grnofs è =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+f `gue 9prkd`r grnof: Q Flfrk f &@l`gne'. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+f 9k k 9u&< +f lf sk =tueln. =tueln ek kl` +f Q +f<f ue 7nhnln+f euecn s` du`r`8 =l vn n =tueln 9`dueof o!eo` lfs bfdhr`s vkvè o` eu`vf o`spu=s o` ln du`rt`:. =tueln `s ln cnsn o` ue +f. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+f Flfou 9t`rc`r grnof: Q ofrnofr`s ]rkeckpnl`s o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+fe hf9usfrf Q ]frtnvfc`s o`l du`rtf lfs )u` prf#`sne `+`rc`r `l f#kckf o` bnhlnr cfe `l du`rtf, y o`s`r d=okud o` cfduekcnckfe`s ètr` `llfs y lfs vkvkèt`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+fe tk n t` ek =#n 9t`rc`r grnof: Q )u=llfs )u` sfe pksnofs +uetf cfe lns eu`c`s o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfso` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+frf Q @s ue dkekstrf +`#` o`vftf n ue Frksbn pnrtkculnr, y n =l `s nskgenon ln tnr`n ok#'ckl ` keokgenet` o pfe`r ln du`rt` n ue s`r budnef cfdpn`rf cfesngrnof pnrn sncrk#kckf, `l +frf, +uetf cfe `l ;kghfen sfe lfs o`skgenofs pnrn ncfdpnnr nl 7nhnln+f )ukè pfor'n r`nlk*nr `l sncrk#kckf pnrn )u` puòn s`ro`scrktf cfdf `l d-s sngrnof nl lugnr è `l =ghfou, y )u= `s `l lugnr o` ndhfs o` dntne*n y o` f#rèon.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+frf Frf =lnr` Q ukè ntkèo` n Frf =lnr` Fr-culf o` tk`rrn =;`sbn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.yn+f Q /en p`t`hk f @su `s uen du+`r )u` `s cfesko`rnon cfdf ln `spfsn o`l prfpkf Fruedkln, y)uk=e può` è r`nlkono s`r f ln `spfsn o` ue 7nhnln+f f ln `spfsn o` cunl)uk`rn pnrn )ukè ue sncrk#kckfs`r'n f#r`ckof y )uk=e sk`dpr` s` `sp`rn )u` o= nyuon è `stf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

77nhn Q @l cultf è nlge lugnr #k+f è uen cnsn o` lfs `sp'rktus net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, vnr!e y b`dhrn, pfrlfs dk`dhrfs sfhr`vkvkèt`s o` uen #ndklkn o` cunl `llfs bnh'ne skof uen pnrt` vkskhl`, `l lugnr #k+f skèofefrdnldèt` dnrcnof pfr cflfr`nofs oks`fs è uen pnrò o` ln cnsn f è `l su`lf, y llndnof, ln dnecbn9f+f f lugnr: `sp`cknldèt` nskgenon nl cultf o` lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, y nl )u` bnskof ngr`gnof `l cultf o` tnl`s `sp'rktus cfdf @su, `l oknhlf cuyn kdngè `s n dèuof pu`stn sfhr` `l lnofo` ln dnef k*)uk`ron o` ln ètrnon è ue lfcnl. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.7nhn +n f9krk9kskK Fdf ntA frue rf sAnky` *k f 9f +n on sAnky` 7nhn +n f9krk9kskK Q BF /stò, eu`strfokgef ]nor` B@l 3k+f )u` bnst o`scèok! o`l ck`lf n `stn tk`rrn u` bnst efs uhkc! è `l dueofM /stòeu`strf okgef ]nor`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.7nhn y` fdf Q @l ]nor` )uk=e r`#l`+n bfefr è sus ekfs, f o` )ukè sus ekfs puòè `stnr +ustndèt`frgullfsfs 9%fdhr`s o` =#2:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.7nhn, nh`h` flfrne 9u sk frne, Frne flfrne lk fhk k 9u sk Q %u`strf pnor` )ukè ket`rcò` è lfs nsuetfso` ftrn p`rsfen bnstn )u` =l du`r` sfhr` `st`8 ln Cfln `s cfdedèt` pu`stf pnrn ln du`rt` sfhr` `l nsueto` ftrns p`rsfens. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.7nhnln+f Q okvkef f snc`roft` sncrk#kcnet`, s` `sp`rn )u` cfdprfd`tn su d`dfrkn, nue)u` `scnsndèt`bn skof ècfetrnof uef )u` r`nlkc` tnl bn*nn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.7nhnln+f Q 0nc`roft` [fruhn, `s `l pr`skoèt` o` lfs dkst`rkfs y lfs rktfs y c`r`dfekns o` ln r`lkgk!e ycultf, y =l `s tndhk=e `l 0nc`roft` 0ncrk#kcnet`, `l dn`strf o` ln r`lkgk!e, y `l okvkef pfr dòkf o`

4




cfesultn n lfs 0ngrnofs Fr-culfs. 1l `s sk`dpr` `sp`cknldèt` y o` uen dne`rn #frdnl cfesngrnof n suf#kckf cuneof =l `s pnrn s`rvkr n ue r`y cfdf su 0nc`roft` Cfesultfr. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.7nhntueo` Q %u`strf pnor` bn r`tfrenof n efsftrfs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.7nrn d`;k Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@@hf hn Q 0ncrk#kckf o` prfp!sktf f ue sncrk#kckf n ln okvkekono o` prfp!sktf f `sn okvkekono )u` p`rdktè uef bnc`r ue prfp!sktf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf ghnlu Q 0ncrk#kckf pnrn ue pu`hlf èt`rf f ckuono, f sncrk#kckf pnrn hnrr`r l`+fs o`l pu`hlf lf dnlf.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf gh`sf Q F#rèon o` `s#u`r*f, nlguens v`c`s `llfs sfe tkrnofs o`so` ue snc`roft` n ftrf, `llfs `stneofo` pk` +uetfs è uen l'e`n r`ctn, )u` `s pnrn ef su#rkr cn'ons n ln tk`rrn ournet` ln nctunck!e o`l `+`rckckf, `lfh+`tf huscnof skèof pnrn n#kne*nr nl f#`rèt` cfetrn `l trkue#f o` sus è`dkgfs èckdn o` =l. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf ghfl` Q 0ncrk#kckf o` ln cnsn f #ndklknr. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf s` Q 0ncrk#kckf n ln okvkekono o` ln vfluetno )u` cudpl` su prfp!sktf f p`rdkt` n ue bfdhr` )u` lfgue prfp!sktf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf kghfrf Q 0ncrk#kckf o` ue okstrktf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf =rnpn Q F#r`ckdkètf o` ròèck!e f ket`rcndhkf, )u` cfeskstè o` uens ?0<dnl ècèokons l-dpnrnsy )u= `s efrdnldèt` `dpl`nof è `l cnsf o` lns è#`rdòno`s s`rkns o` uen p`rsfen kdpfrtnet` pnrncndhknr su o`stkef y ètr`gnrl` o`so` ln du`rt`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf =rnpn Q 0ncrk#kckf o` Xòèck!e, tfon ln v'ctkdn `s tfstnon cfe #u`gf oètrf o` lns pu`rtns bnstn )u`s` ròuc` n cèk*ns, y o`spu=s n `stf s` l` lne*n ngun è `l cfrn*!e o`so` ntr-s `stf pnrn `xtkegukr `l #u`gf.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf =rnpnon Q F#r`ckdkètf o` ròèck!e f ket`rcndhkf, )u` cfeskstè o` uens ?0<dnl ècèokonsl-dpnrns, y )u= `s efrdnldèt` `dpl`nof è `l cnsf o` lns è#`rdòno`s s`rkns o` uen p`rsfen kdpfrtnet` pnrn cndhknr su o`stkef y ètr`gnrl` o`so` ln du`rt`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf =rnpnon Q 0ncrk#kckf o` Xòèck!e, tfon ln v'ctkdn `s tfstnon cfe #u`gf oètrf o` lns pu`rtns bnstn)u` s` ròuc` n cèk*ns, y o`spu=s n `stf s` l` lne*n ngun è `l cfrn*!e o`so` ntr-s `stf pnrn `xtkegukr `l#u`gf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf ksndk Q 0ncrk#kckf s`nl<dnrcnon, cuneof nlguen o` ln snegr` o` ln v'ctkdn `s d`*clnon pfr `l7nhnln+f y su nyuonet`, `l ;kghfen, cfe ndhfs hnrrf y nlguens dncbucnons sngrnons u bf+ns o` =#2 èue sngrnof hfs)u` o`so` cunl ln pr`pnrnck!e efrdnldèt` `s sncnon #u`rn c`r`dfekfsndèt` pnrn n)u`llf)u` `sp`rne pfr `stf, pnrn s`r `dpl`nof è dnrcnr sus #rèt`s è `l froè n#kne*nr n `llfs `l `scnp` o` lndu`rt` y ns`gurnrlfs o` `stf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf Fhn Q 0ncrk#kckf o`l X`y. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf Fsu Q 0ncrk#kckf )u` s`r- cfdkofs è s`gukon. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hf(nrn 9k 9f `h` #ue fhk 9@hfrn: Q 5fs okfs`s ef tkèè `l b-hktf o` e`gnrs` n `scucbnr y nc`ptnr splkcf ket`rc`sk!e o` ln eu`* o` Cfln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hfrn 9@hf(nrn 9k 9f `h` #ue fhk: Q 5fs okfs`s ef tkèè `l b-hktf o` e`gnrs` n `scucbnr y nc`ptnr splkcf ket`rc`sk!e o` ln eu`* o` Cfln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@hu kpnrf frk Q 0ncrk#kckf pnrn ket`rcndhknr f sustktukr ln cnh`*n o` uef, b`cbf, f o`stkef cfe `s` o` ftrf.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ok d`;k, Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ou 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l uef %`grf, f `l uef Grneo` )ukè, cfdf trnokck!e okc`, lfs prfhl`dns tkèè bnc`rlf e`grf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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@ou, `s o`ckr, 9Fruedkln: tk sn ek lk ndk n 9f 9u df, =+`r`;`;` ek @ou #k sndk Q @ou, u Fruedkln, efsbn dnrcnof efsftrfs ef efs dfrkr`dfs o` eu`vf. @stn `s ln bf+n o` ln bk`rhn o` =+`r`;`;` )u` =l bn`dpl`nof bnckèof `stf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@gue 9Frf: Q @st` `s `l cultf n #ndklknr, `s o`ckr, `l cultf è nlge lugnr #k+f è uen cnsn o` lfs `sp'rktusnet`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, vnr!e y b`dhrn, pfr lfs dk`dhrfs sfhr`vkvkèt`s o` uen #ndklkn o` cunl `llfs bnh'ne

skof uen pnrt` vkskhl`, `l lugnr #k+f skèof efrdnldèt` dnrcnof pfr cflfr`nofs oks`fs è uen pnrò o` lncnsn f è `l su`lf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@gue Q @sp'rktus o` net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@;k Q >fs, ofhl`, ue pnr. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@;k Fgh` Q Cfesko`rnof `l d-s prkeckpnl, &@l %ux', f &=dp`rntfr' y &X`y', cunl nl npnr`c`r è `lcuècf cfesultfr sk`dpr` `s cfesko`rnof cfdf keokcnck!e o` cfduekcnck!e o` ue dèsn+` o` duy grnekdpfrtneckn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@;k Fgh` Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@;k Fgu Q @l ]r'eckp` o` tfofs lfs Fous. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@9n d`;k. Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@9k9n Q "rhfl sngrnof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@9f 9huo'e o` dnkcèn: Q Jultf ofeo` s` o`pfsktn lns eu`c`s o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.@9f Q >` ln trkhu 9f9f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@9f Q /e sflf =9ke ètr`gnof n ln du+`r. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@9urfnk;` Q %u`c`s )u` ef s`r-e cfdkons. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@9ur(Fsfsn Q %u`c`s o` pnldn cuyn h`ll`*n lns bn nhneofenof n trnv=s o` ln p=rokon o` uef f d-s f+`t`<fsf(sn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln Q /ef o` lfs efdhr`s o` =#2, duy prkeckpnl. Cfetrncck!e o` DFrue dklnD. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln fdf Fske Q @ln `l ekf o` DFskeD 9`l Gfh`renet`: ns' v`c`s `s o`scrktf è cneckfe`s o` nlnhne*ns =#2u DFrue dklnD. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln fdf Fykgk JFykgkykgk Ftn fdk Q @ln bk+f o` uen pkòrn, `s o`ckr, ln ourn pkòrn o` ln cndn o` ueenckèt` o` ngun 9ue `dhl`dn o` grne #u`r*n: ns' tndhk=e llndnof =#2 u DFrue dklnD. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o`l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln ]f9`K @ek `sk sk +n sfrf foueN Foue 9fN df +n sfoueN =rf9f f9fK =rf9f f9fK Foue fek sk 9f. @ln]f9`K Q @ln bn r`npnr`ckof %u`strf ndkgf o`l pnsnof nf bn vèkof o` eu`vf n fhs`rvnr ln #k`stn neunl<@l nekv`rsnrkf bn r`tfrenof. [f stfy vkekèof F =rf9f 90`fr: o`l cndpf cultkvnof pnrn fhs`rvnr ln #k`stnneunl. F =rf9f o`l cndpf cultkvnof, `st` o'n o` nekv`rsnrkf bn r`tfrenof. B@ln bn r`npnr`ckof. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln rf n 9k f 9u df(F9rkhktkN @ln rf Jsf9nl` Fruf =#n Q @ln bn o`scèokof n ln tk`rrn<efsftrfs efdfrkr`dfs d-s<y =st` `s `l efdhr` o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@lnK Fdf FskeN df +nrk fK f, @ln d`;kN df +nrk fK f @lnK f yke nhfru, @lnK df yke nhfy`<, @lnK dfyke nhfsks` Q F /stò @ln, 3k+f o`l Gfh`renet`, yf d` budkllf net` ustò f, F @ln [f nlnhf `l sncrk#kck)u` s` ècuètrn cfe ln nc`ptnck!e f nhr` ln v'n pnrn hèo`ckr, F @ln [f nlnhf `l sncrk#kckf )u` trn` ln vkoF @ln [f nlnhf `l nctf o` sncrk#kckf )u` ncfdpnn f pr`cò` ln lnhfr. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.@l`gne 9s`gueof grnof: Q Frksn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@l`ghnrn Q >kvkekono`s )u= sfe cfesultnons n dèuof, prkeckpnldèt` pfr du+`r`s, usneof ok`cks=ks cnur pnrn cfesultnr sus s`nl`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@lu9u Q _rkhus )u` tndhk=e sfe cfesko`rnons cfdf è pfs`sk!e o` ducbn cnpnckono pròkcntkvn. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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@dk 9f t`t` df p`, @ln ek e+fe dhf ln ek kl` +n Q [f ef sup` n tk`dpf )u` `st` `s `l @ln )u` `s nofrnoy sncrk#kcnof è eu`strn #ndklkn pnrn ln snlvnck!e. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ektk eghn ek ln Q 1l `s `l )u` efs snlvn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ektk(f(ek(nky` Q @l >u`f o` ln _k`rrn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ektk(f(ek(frue Q @l >u`f o` lfs Ck`lfs 9Flfrue uen #frdn cfetrn'on o`:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l

]ngneksdf [fruhn.@rkel` Q >kfs o` ln prf#`c'n y ln cneck!e. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@rketueo` 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q Xk=eofs` r`gr`sn nl dueof, f `l 0`r cuyf novèkdkètf nl dueof bno`vu`ltf ln rksn o` gf*f y ln nl`gr'n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@sk Q Cuyf lugnr `st- n dèuof è ln pln*n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@su Q @l oknhlf cuyn kdngè `s n dèuof pu`stn sfhr` `l lnof o` ln dnef k*)uk`ron o` ln ètrnon è uelfcnl. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@su Q /en p`t`hk f yn+f `s uen du+`r )u` `s cfesko`rnon cfdf ln `spfsn o`l prfpkf Fruedkln, y)uk=e può` è r`nlkono s`r f ln `spfsn o` ue 7nhnln+f f ln `spfsn o` cunl)uk`rn pnrn )ukè ue sncrk#kckfs`r'n f#r`ckof y )uk=e sk`dpr` s` `sp`rn )u` o= nyuon è `stf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@tur` d`;k Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@+` nttònky` Q *`t` s` bnc`, `s o`ckr, ln bk`rhn )u` pr`sngkn eu`strn netkgEòno è eu`strn ètrnon è `ldueof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@+` @+uru;u Q 3f+ns o` @+uru;u, )u` `s skdh!lkcf o` su o`s`f o` )u` =l puòn sup`rnr n ftrfs. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@+` =gh`r`sk Q 3f+ns =gh`r`sk, )u` `s gè`rnldèt` bnhlnof y o`scrktf cfdf ln bf+n =gh`r`sk )u`ncfdpnn n ue sncrk#kckf nl ck`lf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@+` =gh`r`sk tk = ske `hflf sk frue Q 3f+n =gh`r`sk )u` ncfdpnn n ue sncrk#kckf nl ck`lf. 0`ge @xtrnctfo` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@+` tftf Q 3f+ns o` tftf, cunl `s skdh!lkcf o`l o`s`f y frnck!e o`l f#`rèt` )u` =l può` s`r kgunl pnrnn)u=llfs )u` sfe net`s y sfhr` =l. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@+` [`y` Q 3f+n [`y`, )u` trn` ln hèokck!e oètrf o` eu`strns cnsns. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.@+` [`y` tk k;` 9k kr` yn sk kl` èk Q 3f+n o` [`y` )u` trn` ln hèokck!e oètrf o` eu`strns cnsns. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

GGh`gk 9s` bnc`: Q @+` gkokdfghfyke. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Gh`gk Q @+` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

==#2 9Frf o` Fruedkln: Q u` cfeskst` è H1 eu`c`s o` pnldns sngrnons è ue cuècf `s gè`rnldèt`cflfcnof è `l cunrtf o` ofrdkr o`l cnh`*n o` ln cnsn, y è uen `l`vnck!e l`vnetnon sfhr` `l lugnr fcupnof pfr lns kd-gè`s o` ftrfs Frksbns dnetèkofs è ln cnsn pnrn dnrcnr su kdpfrtneckn sup`rkfr. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=#n Q >` ln trkhu 9f9f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=#n Q >kfs o` ln prf#`c'n y ln cneck!e. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=#2 Q @s `l grne Fr-culf o`l pn's o` lfs [fruhn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=ghn Fou Q Cnlnhn*n f vnsk+n cnlnhn*n sngrnon o` Fou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=ghnou Q Cnlnhn*n cuhk`rtn, cfetèkèof cuntrf vnsfs p`)u`fs b`cbfs o` lns c-scnrns o`l cfcf. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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=ghnl` @gue Q Jfs)u`ckllfs sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.=gh`rk Q /e ef kekcknof è lfs dkst`rkfs o` ln r`lkgk!e )u` o`so` ln enturnl`*n o` su f#kckf, s` `sp`rn )u`s`n tftnldèt` cfe cfefckdkètf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=ghf @gue Q Jfs)u`ckllfs sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l

]ngneksdf [fruhn.=ghf Flu+n rndk#` Q Jfs)u`ckllfs sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=ghf Flu+n(Flf#ke Q Jfs)u`ckllfs sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.=ghf Fsfeyke Q Jfs)u`ckllfs sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.=ghfou Q Jfs)u`ckllf o!eo` ln c`r`dfekn o` onr =#2 `s r`nlk*non. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruh=ghfou Q Cfh`rtk*f t`dpfrnl sngrnof o` pnldn y ftrns rndns o`l -rhfl. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.=ghfrf Q Jfs)u`s )u` lfs [fruhns cfesko`rne sngrnof pnrn nlguefs o` sus >kfs`s, y cfesngrnof pnrn `lcultf n `llfs è r`lnck!e cfe su koflntr'n, `s o`ckr, lfs hfs)u`s sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfsnet`pnsnofs M &=ghf @gue', f &=ghnl` @gue', u &Fpn', &=ghf Fsfeyke', &=ghf Flu+n(Flf#ke', f &=ghFlu+n rndk#`'. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=;`rfsue 9hnpbkn ektkon, cndLffo: Q 0-eonlf #rkcnef. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=;k9k(tk 9k #Afrk hn l` #Aèk9ne 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l 0`r )ukè n tfof bfefr cfe `l oknrkf snluof o` lndnnen, p`rf )uk=e net`s pngn r`sp`tf n cunl)uk`r ftrf s`r. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=9ke Q /ef #u`rt` eu`* o` pnldn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=9u#frk;k 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l 0`r )ukè du`r` bferfsndèt` y pngn bfdèn+` n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.=9ulkghfghf Q >kfsn o` ln cn*n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=pfrfgue Q rhustf sngrnof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=pfy` Q @+` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=r`#n Q 0ncrk#kckf o` cunl)uk`r tkpf f#r`ckof n =#2 y `l cunl bn skof pu`stf sfhr` =l. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.=rf9f Q "rhfl sngrnof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=rfsue 9hnpbkn ektkon, cndLffo: Q 0-eonlf #rkcnef. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=snln Frue Q /en o` lns ofs pnrt` o` Frue, uen dnrcn o` `xc`lèckn8 DFrueD d`rndèt`. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=sbn Q Wrngdètf o` c`r-dkcn rftn, 9`sp. >` ue vnlfr nr)u`fl!gkcf:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.=+`r`;`;` Q @+` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=+f lk f +nB' 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @s 5stò uk>e bns vèkofB y `l 0`r o`l ck`lf cuyf lndètf cfestnet`tfofs è `l dueof `s )u` `llfs o`hè vèkr n 1l. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=+frk d`;k Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

4 4f tken, 9f tf rf, hèk fe J@ln ek ghn ek ln ek =#` 1l ef `s o` cuètn, =l `s o`dnsknof p`)u`f pnrn s`r pèsnof o`, tfonv'n =l `s `l )u` `s ncfstudhrnof n ètr`gnrefs o`so` lfs prfhl`dn è =#>, f `l dueof, pnrcunl `l t=rdkef =#> `s n dèuof `dpl`nof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.4frk9ftf Q >kfs o`l enckdkètf<ekf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

4




LL`+`r` Q ;kghfen prfpkf o`l 0`gueof cuècf cfesultfr o`l 7nhnln+f, )ukè `s llndnof Flfpfe `9`;kn+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

`;k Q >fs, ofhl`, ue pnr. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

66kek, tk ks` Fdf Flfek 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l ]fs`òfr )u` `s < `l 3k+f o`l dnyfr ]fs`òfr. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.6+fe s` `hf @ln #ue u Q %fsftrfs b`dfs b`cbf n @ln sncrk#kckf, f l` ètr`gndfs `l sncrk#kckf o` lnsnlvnck!e pnrn =l. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

FFhn Flf#n sue lAfln 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l Gfh`renet` )u` okhu+n hèokck!e y prfsp`rkono o`spu=s o`1l, y )uk=e ou`rd` è dòkf o` bfefr`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fhn(n dfln @l r`y, pfr cfefckèof )ukè, efsftrfs b`dfs vèkof n ln snlvnck!e. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fhnlfou Q 0nc`roft` Flfou prkeckpnl o` ln c`r`dfekn<r`pr`sètnck!e o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fhnlfgue Q >kfs o` ln cn*n 99kpf su `spfsn:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fhnlu#fe Q >kfs o` ue kdp`rkf pr!sp`rf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fhntnln Q >kfs o` ln `lfcuèckn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fof#ke Q 0nc`roft`s [fruhn, `s ue 7nhnln+f tktulnof pr!xkdf è rnegf nl Flu+f, y =l `s prkvkl`gknof pnrn nctunr pfr =l è su nusèckn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fou Q Cunl skgek#kcn ue +`#`, uen cnh`*n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Foueoue Q @+` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fousf Q 5n cfl`cck!e o` =9ke `s usunldèt` cuhk`rtf pfr uef, cunl `s cfesko`rnof cfdf sfhr` skèofcfesultnof f ètr`gneof ue dèsn+`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fousf Q /e =9ke, )u` `s cfesko`rnof cfdf skèof cfesultnof f )u` ètr`gn ue dèsn+`. 0`ge @xtrnctfso` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F#u d`;k Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fgh`rk Q /e ef kekcknof è lfs dkst`rkfs o` ln r`lkgk!e )u` o`so` ln enturnl`*n o` su f#kckf, s` `sp`rn )u`s`n tftnldèt` cfe cfefckdkètf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fgue Q >kfs o` ln ngrkculturn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fgue Q >kfs o` ln cn*n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fgueon d`;k Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F;f hnd`tn Q @l o'n o` hnd`tn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F;f =#2 Q @l o'n cuneof =#2 `s nofrnof, f cuneof =l s` skètn è ue trfef cfdf ue r`y. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o``l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F;f In9utn Q @l o'n cuneof In9utn f $bnegf `s nofrnof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F;f Fhntnln Q @l o'n cuneof Fhntnln `s nofrnof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F;f Frf Q u` tndhk=e `s F;f [`dn;n cuneof ndhfs [`dn;n y lfs `sp'rktus o` lfs ok#uetfs net`pnsnofss` nofrnhne. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F;f [ dn;n Q u` tndhk=e `s F;f Frf cuneof ndhfs [`dn;n y lfs `sp'rktus o` lfs ok#uetfs net`pnsnofs` nofrnhne. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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F;u(@gue Q @l cultf è nlge lugnr #k+f è uen cnsn o` lfs `sp'rktus net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, vnr!e y b`dhrn pfr lfs dk`dhrfs sfhr`vkvkèt`s o` uen #ndklkn o` cunl `llfs bnh'ne skof uen pnrt` vkskhl`, `l lugnr #k+fskèof efrdnldèt` dnrcnof pfr cflfr`nofs oks`fs è uen pnrò o` ln cnsn f è `l su`lf, y llndnof, lndnecbn 9f+f f lugnr: `sp`cknldèt` nskgenon nl cultf o` lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, y nl)u` bn skof ngr`gnof `l cultf o` tnl`s `sp'rktus cfdf @su, `l oknhlf cuyn kdngè `s n dèuof pu`stn sfhr`

`l lnof o` ln dnef k*)uk`ron o` ln ètrnon è ue lfcnl. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F9nrne d`;k Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F9` Q >kfs o`l enckdkètf<ekf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F9ktkhkrkN n(pn(f;f k9u on Q @l 0`r )u`, tfre-eofs` `l dksdf sfhr` cfdf `stf #u` è ue #frc`+`f, pfspfe` pnrn su clkèt` `l o'n o` du`rt` 9%fdhr`s o` =#2:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.F9ue Q >kfs o`l dnr. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flk;èk 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l Hnyfr o`l s=ptkdf 9: o'n o`l #`stkvnl. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.Flfou Q @l bk+f o` @r`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flfoudnr` 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l bk+f o` @r`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flfoue 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l bk+f o` @r`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flfous 9t`rc`r grnof: Q 7nhnln+fs prkeckpnl. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flf;uhn(7nhn Q @l cultf è nlge lugnr #k+f è uen cnsn o` lfs `sp'rktus net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, vnr!e yb`dhrn, pfr lfs dk`dhrfs sfhr`vkvkèt`s o` uen #ndklkn o` cunl `llfs bnh'ne skof uen pnrt` vkskhl`, `l lugn#k+f skèof efrdnldèt` dnrcnof pfr cflfr`nofs oks`fs è uen pnrò o` ln cnsn f è `l su`lf, y llndnof, dnecbn 9f+f f lugnr: `sp`cknldèt` nskgenon nl cultf o` lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, y nl)u` bn skof ngr`gnof `l cultf o` tnl`s `sp'rktus cfdf @su, `l oknhlf cuyn kdngè `s n dèuof pu`stn sfhr``l lnof o` ln dnef k*)uk`ron o` ln ètrnon è ue lfcnl. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flf9ue Q >kfs o`l dnr. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flf9ue Q >kfs o` ln snhkour'n, y lns o`kono`s o` ln cbkdè`n u bfref o` #u`gf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flf9ue Q >kfs o`l ndfr y ln h`ll`*n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flfek Q @l >u`f o` tfons eu`strns pfs`skfe`s 9uen #frdn cfetrn'on o` &Flu+n kek':. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o``l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flfpfe `9`;k n+f Q 0`gueof cuècf cfesultfr o`l 7nhnln+f, )ukè tkè` su prfpkf ;kghfen )u` n v`c``s llndnof L`+`r`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flfrk 9prkd`r grnof: Q ukè r`ckh` s!lf `l prkd`r +u`gf o` ok`cks=ks =9kes. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flfrue Q >kfs 9#frdn cfetrn'on o` @ektk(f(ek(frue:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flfrue Q @l >u`f o` lfs Ck`lfs, f, 7@l I`#` uef è, f, @l X`y o` lfs Ck`lfs2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flf+f Fsk +f Q yuonet` Hnef k*)uk`ron o`l 7nhnln+f, tndhk=e llndnof Fsfpf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flf+f Ftue +f Q yuonet` Hnef o`r`cbn o`l 7nhnln+f, y llndnof Frksn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fluh`sne 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l A egnofr ]rkeckpnl o` dnl`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fluoudnr` Q @l I`#`, f @l X`y )ukè `s `l 3k+f o` @r`, f @l pfr sk`dpr` Akrtufsf, f >kfs Fdekpftèt`.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flu(lk khk @sne 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l A egnofr ]rkeckpnl o` dnl`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.Flu(frue Q @l I`#` è lfs Ck`lfs. 9Flfrue uen #frdn cfetrn'on o`:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.

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Flu+n kek Q @l >u`f o` tfons eu`strns pfs`skfe`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flu+n(ky` Q @l df o` ln _k`rrn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Flu+f Q 0nc`roft` [fruhn, è `stn clns` `s ue dnyfr y +`#` o` ln clns` o` 7nhnln+fs, cuyns okr`cckfe`s`l r`stf sfe tfons `sp`rnons pnrn fhò`c`r8 p`rf n dèuof può` ue bfdhr` s`r f'of bnhlneof o` ue7nhnln+f o` )ukè =l bn r`ckhkof su =#2 cfdf su Flu+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Flu+f Q A'ctkdn budnen `scfgkon pnrn `l sncrk#kckf ètr` lfs [fruhn, y )uk=e può` s`r f ue enckof lkhr`f ue `sclnvf, uen p`rsfen o` efhl` f noke`rnof lken+`, f uef o` enckdkètf budklo`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fdkek Q @+` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fdkyflf Q "rhfl sngrnof. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fdf`r` 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l bk+f o` @r`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fdu Q rhustf o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fpn Q Jfs)u`ckllfs sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.Fpn Fr`r`r` Q Jnst!e Fr`r`r`8 )u` pfrtn `l 7nhnln+f +uetf cfe, ue cfro!e o` cuètns o` vnrkfs cflfr`sk`dpr` ll`vnof nlròòfr su du`cn k*)uk`ron8 uen cfln o` vncn f hu`y )u` =l sk`dpr` ll`vn sfhr` cfe =l.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fpn Fsfrfrf Q Jnst!e Fsfrfrf8 )u` pfrtn `l 7nhnln+f +uetf cfe, ue cfro!e o` cuètns o` vnrkfs cflfr`sk`dpr` ll`vnof nlròòfr su du`cn k*)uk`ron8 uen cfln o` vncn f hu`y )u` =l sk`dpr` ll`vn sfhr` cfe =l.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fpn Fsu Q Jnst!e sngrnof n F#u8 )u` pfrtn `l 7nhnln+f +uetf cfe, ue cfro!e o` cuètns o` vnrkfscflfr`s sk`dpr` ll`vnof nlròòfr su du`cn k*)uk`ron8 uen cfln o` vncn f hu`y )u` =l sk`dpr` ll`vn sfhr`cfe =l. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fp` =#n 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q 5n pnldn sngrnon o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fp`(=#2 Q "rhfl pnldn o` eu`c`s o` cuntrf f+fs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fp`l` 9Fp`p`r`: Q Fr-culf o` rnegf ke#`rkfr pnrn =#2, y )uk=e `s cfesko`rnof cfdf su skrvkèt` cfestnet`y efrdnldèt` s` bnhln o` `l cfdf su `sclnvf. 1l sk`dpr` `s r`pr`sètnof pfr fcbf pk`*ns plnens o`dno`rn, f d`tnl, f nlguen cfsn d-s, ntnofs +uetfs è ofs #klns o` cuntrf è cnon lnof, uhkcnofs n okstnecknkgunl ètr` cnon pk`*n y uekofs +uetfs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fp`p`r` 9Fp`l`: Q Fr-culf o` rnegf ke#`rkfr pnrn =#2, y )uk=e `s cfesko`rnof cfdf su skrvkèt` cfestnet`y efrdnldèt` s` bnhln o` `l cfdf su `sclnvf. 1l sk`dpr` `s r`pr`sètnof pfr fcbf pk`*ns plnens o`dno`rn, f d`tnl, f nlguen cfsn d-s, ntnofs +uetfs è ofs #klns o` cuntrf è cnon lnof, uhkcnofs n okstnecknkgunl ètr` cnon pk`*n y uekofs +uetfs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frnedkyne Q >kfs o` ln cn*n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frk<ksbn 9Frksbn: Q @e nlusk!e nl #rngdètf o` c`r-dkcn rftn sfhr` o`l )u` buhf ln ok#`rèckn s`v`rn.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frk;k Q @+` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frksn 9s`gueof grnof: Q ukè r`ckh` ndhfs +u`gf o` ok`cks=ks =9kes. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.Frksn tk f yne kgk fhk lk nyfN fe(lk f on n+fe kyfu9ue lk @ru( 9k kyf =on hn Frksn ;n yns`hk @9` ntk@yf ek k h` kgk fhk oneu f Q 5n okvkekono )u` bn `scfgkof `l -rhfl o` Cfln cfdf su `sp`cknldèt`vnlfrnof y ndnof r`pr`sètnet` bn b`cbf n tfofs lfs ftrfs -rhfl`s suhfrokenof o` =l. %fsftrfs ef `stndfsncfstudhrnofs n sncnr #u`rn ln `spnon pnrn lucbnr cfetrn uen okvkekono8 y enok` p`rf ue dètkrfsf y uen p`rsfen p=r#kon nlguen v`* pkèsne è cfrtnr nhn+f y tkrnr ue -rhfl o` Cfln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frksbn 9Frk<ksbn: Q @e nlusk!e nl #rngdètf o` c`r-dkcn rftn sfhr` o`l )u` buhf ln ok#`rèckn s`v`rn.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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Frksbns Q _=rdkef cunl, o`spu=s ln trnokck!e r`lkgkfsn o`l pn's, #u` frkgkenldèt` nplkcnon n nlguefs >kfsskèof `stfs =#2, u Fruedkln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frf 9@gue: Q @st` `s `l cultf n #ndklknr, `s o`ckr, `l cultf è nlge lugnr #k+f è uen cnsn o` lfs `sp'rktusnet`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, vnr!e y b`dhrn, pfr lfs dk`dhrfs sfhr`vkvkèt`s o` uen #ndklkn o` cunl `llfs bnh'neskof uen pnrt` vkskhl`, `l lugnr #k+f skèof efrdnldèt` dnrcnof pfr cflfr`nofs oks`fs è uen pnrò o` ln

cnsn f è `l su`lf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frf o` Fruedkln 9=#2: Q u` cfeskst` è H1 eu`c`s o` pnldns sngrnons è ue cuècf `s gè`rnldèt`cflfcnof è `l cunrtf o` ofrdkr o`l cnh`*n o` ln cnsn, y è uen `l`vnck!e l`vnetnon sfhr` `l lugnr fcupnof pfr lns kd-gè`s o` ftrfs Frksbns dnetèkofs è ln cnsn pnrn dnrcnr su kdpfrtneckn sup`rkfr. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frf =lnr` Q Fr-culfs o` tk`rrn =;`sbn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frue Q 5fs ck`lfs 9#frdn nhr`vknon o` Flfrue `s ètèokof cfdf `l ck`lf y ln tk`rrn +uetfs, y s` bnhln o` +uetfs cfef /ekv`rsf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frue Q 5fs ck`lfs f `l dueof o`l dns nll- lfs `sp'rktus o` tfofs lfs du`rtfs vne o`spu=s o` du`rtf nll-,`st` `s okvkokof è ofs pnrt`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frue #`#` r`r` Q @l ck`lf o`l oulc` nkr`, f DFrue ln#knD, `l ck`lf o` pn* y #`lkckono, o!eo` lns nldns o`tfofs lfs huèfs o` `st` dueof sfe nodktkofs y vkvè o`spu=s o` ln du`rt`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frue ln#kn Q @l ck`lf o` pn* y #`lkckono, f DFrue #`#` r`r`D @l ck`lf o`l oulc` nkr`, o!eo` lns nldns o`tfofs lfs huèfs o` `st` dueof sfe nodktkofs y vkvè o`spu=s o` ln du`rt`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frue pneok 9Frue kbnrkbn: Q @l dueof o` c`r-dkcn rftn o!eo` lfs `sp'rktus o`l dnl nll' pnsne n y vkv`è, o`spu=s o` ln du`rt` cfdf ue dfet!e o` o`s`cbf y hnsurn, uen dnsn o` nldns r`cbn*nons o` >kfs <y)ukè`s sfe trntnons nll' cfdf ln c`r-dkcn rftn `s n)u' ofeo` `llfs efrdnldèt` sfe `cbnofs n ue dulnonr0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frue kbnrkbn 9Frue pneok: Q @l ck`lf o` lns bf+ns s`cns, cuhrkèof uen fr`+n o` dn'*, f `l ck`lf o!eo`lfs `sp'rktus )u` vne nll' sfe trntnofs cfdf uens bf+ns gè`rnldèt` )u` `st-e nll' pnrn s`r tkrnofs è `l#u`gf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Frue kbnrkbn, khk tk Frue ntk ken pno` tk e+fe ebf y` Q @l ck`lf o`l =bnrkbn, o!eo` ndhfs `l sfl y #u`grùekofs +uetfs, y ofeo` `l rugkof o` sus llndns uekons y `l cnlfr `st- cfdf `l grktf o` uen grne dultktuo.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fruedkln 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q @l Ck`lf `s `l snhkf y `xktfsf "rhktrf f X`cfecklknofr8 eu`vndèt`, Ck`lf,cfefckof )uk=e s`r- snlvnof f c!df cfdf pnrn snlvnr. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fsn d`;k, Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fs` Q >'n o` cultf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fs` d`;k Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fs`turn, Fou Q @s sk`dpr` prkd`rf budklo`dèt` y r`v`rèt`dèt` kevfcnof y `st` #nvfr huscnof pnrn lnc`ptnck!e sk`dpr` )u` =#2 #u`rn nofrnof cfe ue sncrk#kckf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fske Q @l Gfh`renet`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fsf(sn Q F+fs o` lns %u`c`s o` pnldn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fsfsk Q >kfs o` ln cn*n 95;n su `spfsn:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fsfsk Q >kvkekono`s )u= sfe cfesultnons n dèuof, prkeckpnldèt` pfr du+`r`s, usneof ok`cks=ks cnurks pnrn cfesultnr sus s`nl`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fsue Q >kfs o` ln gu`rrn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fsue Q >kvkekono`s )u= sfe cfesultnons n dèuof, prkeckpnldèt` pfr du+`r`s, usneof ok`cks=ks cnurks pnrn cfesultnr sus s`nl`s. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Fturupfe d`;k Q 5`trn o` =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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ofrnofr`s ]rkeckpnl`s o` =#2 9t`rc`r grnof: Q +f Flfou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.;kghfen prfpkf o`l 0`gueof cuècf cfesultfr o`l 7nhnln+f, )ukè `s llndnof Flfpfe `9`;k n+f QL`+`r`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.df o` ln _k`rrn Q Flu+n(ky`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.)u=llfs )u` sfe pksnofs +uetf cfe lns eu`c`s o` =#2 Q +fe tk n t` ek =#n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l

]ngneksdf [fruhn."rhfl`s sngrnofs Q 9f9f, @9k9n, Fdkyflf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.rhustf o` =#2 Q Fdu. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.rhustfs sngrnofs Q =pfrfgue. tfrk. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.+f<f ue 7nhnln+f euecn s` du`r`8 =l vn n =tueln 9`l dueof o!eo` lfs bfdhr`s vkvè o` eu`vf o`spu=so` ln du`rt`:. =tueln `s ln cnsn o` ue +f Q +f 9k k 9u&< +f lf sk =tueln. =tueln ek kl` +f. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.yuonet` Q ;kghfen. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.yuonet` Hnef o`r`cbn o`l 7nhnln+f, y llndnof Frksn Q Flf+f Ftue +f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.yuonet` Hnef k*)uk`ron o`l 7nhnln+f, tndhk=e llndnof Fsfpf Q Flf+f Fsk +f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

77nhnln+fs prkeckpnl 9t`rc`r grnof: Q Flfous. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Jnst!e Fr`r`r`8 )u` pfrtn `l 7nhnln+f +uetf cfe, ue cfro!e o` cuètns o` vnrkfs cflfr`s sk`dpr` ll`vnofnlròòfr su du`cn k*)uk`ron8 uen cfln o` vncn f hu`y )u` =l sk`dpr` ll`vn sfhr` cfe =l Q Fpn Fr`r`r`.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Jnst!e Fsfrfrf8 )u` pfrtn `l 7nhnln+f +uetf cfe, ue cfro!e o` cuètns o` vnrkfs cflfr`s sk`dpr` ll`vnonlròòfr su du`cn k*)uk`ron8 uen cfln o` vncn f hu`y )u` =l sk`dpr` ll`vn sfhr` cfe =l Q Fpn Fsfrfrf.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Jnst!e sngrnof n F#u8 )u` pfrtn `l 7nhnln+f +uetf cfe, ue cfro!e o` cuètns o` vnrkfs cflfr`s sk`dpr`ll`vnof nlròòfr su du`cn k*)uk`ron8 uen cfln o` vncn f hu`y )u` =l sk`dpr` ll`vn sfhr` cfe =l Q FpnFsu. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Jfs)u`ckllf o!eo` ln c`r`dfekn o` onr =#2 `s r`nlk*non Q =ghfou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhJfs)u`ckllfs sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs Q =ghf @gue, =ghnl` @gue, Fpn, =ghfFsfeyke, =ghf Flu+n(Flf#ke, =ghf Flu+n rndk#`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Jfs)u`s )u` lfs [fruhns cfesko`rne sngrnof pnrn nlguefs o` sus >kfs`s, y cfesngrnof pnrn `l cultf n `llfè r`lnck!e cfe su koflntr'n, `s o`ckr, lfs hfs)u`s sngrnof n lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs Q =ghfrf &=ghf @gue', f &=ghnl` @gue', u &Fpn', &=ghf Fsfeyke', &=ghf Flu+n(Flf#ke', f &=ghf Flu+nrndk#`'. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Jultf ofeo` s` o`pfsktn lns eu`c`s o` =#2 9huo'e o` dnkcèn: Q gkok, @9f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.

CCn+n o` dno`rn `sp`cknldèt` hkè<pr`pnrnon ofeo` s` o`pfsktn =ghnou Q p`r`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Cnlnhn*n cuhk`rtn, cfetèkèof cuntrf vnsfs p`)u`fs b`cbfs o` lns c-scnrns o`l cfcf Q =ghnou. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Cnlnhn*n f vnsk+n cnlnhn*n sngrnon o` Fou Q =ghn Fou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Cnrgnofr, cuyf e`gfckf `sp`cknl `s `st` pnrn tfdnr lfs `hf pnrn =l y `sp`rnr sfhr` =l cfe `llfs Q gh`ru.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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C`r-dkcn rftn Q =sbn. Wrngdètf o`, 9`sp. o` ue vnlfr nr)u`fl!gkcf:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.C`r`dfekn o` `xtkegukr `l #u`gf o` Fou Q ]kefou, ]n<ken<fou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhnCk`lf Q Frue 9#frdn nhr`vknon o` Flfrue `s ètèokof cfdf `l ck`lf y ln tk`rrn +uetfs, y s` bnhln o` +uetfs cfef /ekv`rsf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Ck`lf o` lns bf+ns s`cns, cuhrkèof uen fr`+n o` dn'*, f `l ck`lf o!eo` lfs `sp'rktus )u` vne nll' sfe trntnofcfdf uens bf+ns gè`rnldèt` )u` `st-e nll' pnrn s`r tkrnofs è `l #u`gf 9Frue pneok: Q Frue kbnrkbn.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Ck`lf o` pn* y #`lkckono, f DFrue #`#` r`r`D @l ck`lf o`l oulc` nkr`, o!eo` lns nldns o` tfofs lfs huèfso` `st` dueof sfe nodktkofs y vkvè o`spu=s o` ln du`rt` Q Frue ln#kn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Ck`lf o`l oulc` nkr`, f DFrue ln#knD, `l ck`lf o` pn* y #`lkckono, o!eo` lns nldns o` tfofs lfs huèfs o``st` dueof sfe nodktkofs y vkvè o`spu=s o` ln du`rt` Q Frue #`#` r`r`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.Ck`lf o`l =bnrkbn, o!eo` ndhfs `l sfl y #u`gf rùekofs +uetfs, y ofeo` `l rugkof o` sus llndns uekons y `lcnlfr `st- cfdf `l grktf o` uen grne dultktuo Q Frue kbnrkbn, khk tk Frue ntk ken pno` tk e+fe ebf y`.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Ck`lf `s `l snhkf y `xktfsf "rhktrf f X`cfecklknofr8 eu`vndèt`, Ck`lf, cfefckof )uk=e s`r- snlvnof f c!dcfdf pnrn snlvnr 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q Fruedkln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Ck`lfs f `l dueof o`l d-s nll- lfs `sp'rktus o` tfofs lfs du`rtfs vne o`spu=s o` du`rtf nll-, `st` `sokvkokof è ofs pnrt`s Q Frue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Cfh`rtk*f t`dpfrnl sngrnof o` pnldn y ftrns rndns o`l -rhfl Q =ghfou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.Cfeskst` è H1 eu`c`s o` pnldns sngrnons è ue cuècf `s gè`rnldèt` cflfcnof è `l cunrtf o` ofrdkro`l cnh`*n o` ln cnsn, y è uen `l`vnck!e l`vnetnon sfhr` `l lugnr fcupnof pfr lns kd-gè`s o` ftrfsFrksbns dnetèkofs è ln cnsn pnrn dnrcnr su kdpfrtneckn sup`rkfr Q =#2, Frf o` Fruedkln. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Cuneof `llfs sfe okcbfs n pnrtkr `l nd` o` @ln Q ]n ksu @ln, f ]n @ln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.Cultf n #ndklknr, `s o`ckr, `l cultf è nlge lugnr #k+f è uen cnsn o` lfs `sp'rktus net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs,vnr!e y b`dhrn, pfr lfs dk`dhrfs sfhr`vkvkèt`s o` uen #ndklkn o` cunl `llfs bnh'ne skof uen pnrt` vkskhl``l lugnr #k+f skèof efrdnldèt` dnrcnof pfr cflfr`nofs oks`fs è uen pnrò o` ln cnsn f è `l su`lf QFrf, @gue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Cultf è nlge lugnr #k+f è uen cnsn o` lfs `sp'rktus net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, vnr!e y b`dhrn, pfr lfsdk`dhrfs sfhr`vkvkèt`s o` uen #ndklkn o` cunl `llfs bnh'ne skof uen pnrt` vkskhl`, `l lugnr #k+f skèofefrdnldèt` dnrcnof pfr cflfr`nofs oks`fs è uen pnrò o` ln cnsn f è `l su`lf, y llndnof, ln dnecbn9f+f f lugnr: `sp`cknldèt` nskgenon nl cultf o` lfs `sp'rktus o` eu`strfs net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs, y nl )u` bnskof ngr`gnof `l cultf o` tnl`s `sp'rktus cfdf @su, `l oknhlf cuyn kdngè `s n dèuof pu`stn sfhr` `l lnofo` ln dnef k*)uk`ron o` ln ètrnon è ue lfcnl. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

%>'n cuneof =#2 `s nofrnof, f cuneof =l s` skètn è ue trfef cfdf ue r`y Q F;f =#2. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `]ngneksdf [fruhn.>'n cuneof In9utn f $bnegf `s nofrnof Q F;f In9utn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>'n cuneof Fhntnln `s nofrnof Q F;f Fhntnln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>'n o` hnd`tn Q F;f hnd`tn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>'n o` cultf Q Fs`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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>'n è cunl ndhfs [`dn;n y lfs `sp'rktus o` lfs ok#uetfs net`pnsnofs F;f Frf s` nofrnhne Q F;f [`dn;nF;f Frf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>knhlf Q @su cuyn kdngè `s n dèuof pu`stn sfhr` `l lnof o` ln dnef k*)uk`ron o` ln ètrnon è ue lfcn0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>ket`l o`r`cbf )u` `s sngrnof ofeo` ln snegr` o` uen v'ctkdn sncrk#kcnon s` rfc'n prkd`rf Q lnhn. 0`ge

@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>ket`l k*)uk`rof )u` `s sngrnof ofeo` ln snegr` o` uen v'ctkdn sncrk#kcnon s` rfc'n o` s`gueof Q lns`.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs 9#frdn cfetrn'on o` @ektk(f(ek(frue: Q Flfrue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o` ln ngrkculturn Q Fgue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o` ln ntd!s#`rn Q $negf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs`s o` ln cn*n Q Fhnlfgue, 99kpf su `spfsn: Fgue, Frnedkyne, Fsfsk 95;n su `spfsn:. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o` ln `lfcuèckn Q Fhntnln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o` ln gu`rrn Q Fsue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o` ln prf#`c'n y ln cneck!e Q =#n, @rkel`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o` ln snhkour'n, y lns o`kono`s o` ln cbkdè`n u bfref o` #u`gf Q Flf9ue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o` ue kdp`rkf pr!sp`rf Q Fhnlu#fe. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o`l ndfr y ln h`ll`*n Q Flf9ue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o`l cfd`rckf Q ;`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o`l #u`gf Q rndk#`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o`l dnr Q F9ue, Flf9ue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfsn o`l dnr Q [`df;n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs o`l enckdkètf<ekf Q 4frk9ftf, F9`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfs Fdekpftèt` Q Fluoudnr`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kfsn o` ln cn*n Q =9ulkghfghf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kvkekono )u` bn `scfgkof `l -rhfl o` Cfln cfdf su `sp`cknldèt` vnlfrnof y ndnof r`pr`sètnet` bnb`cbf n tfofs lfs ftrfs -rhfl`s suhfrokenofs o` =l. %fsftrfs ef `stndfs ncfstudhrnofs n sncnr #u`rn ln`spnon pnrn lucbnr cfetrn uen okvkekono8 y enok` p`rf ue dètkrfsf y uen p`rsfen p=r#kon nlguen v`* pkèsne è cfrtnr nhn+f y tkrnr ue -rhfl o` Cfln Q Frksn tk f yne kgk fhk lk nyfN fe(lk f on n+fe kyfu9ue lk@ru( 9k kyf =on hn Frksn ;n yns`hk @9` ntk @yf ek k h` kgk fhk oneu f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.>kvkekono`s )u= sfe cfesultnons n dèuof, prkeckpnldèt` pfr du+`r`s, usneof ok`cks=ks cnurks pnrncfesultnr sus s`nl`s Q Fsue, [`dn;n, Fsfsk, @l`ghnrn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>fhl` Q @;k, `;k. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>fs Q @;k, `;k. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>u`f o` ln _k`rrn Q @ektk(f(ek(nky`. 9lnky` uen #frdn cfetrn'on o` @ektk(f(ek(nky`:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o``l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.>u`f o` ln _k`rrn Q lnky`. 9/en #frdn cfetrn'on o` @ektk(f(ek(nky`:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.>u`f o` lfs Ck`lfs Q @ektk(f(ek(frue 9Flfrue uen #frdn cfetrn'on o`:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.>u`f o` tfons eu`strns pfs`skfe`s Q Flu+n kek. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@

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@ou, u Fruedkln, efs bn dnrcnof efsftrfs ef efs dfrkr`dfs o` eu`vf. @stn `s ln bf+n o` ln bk`rhn o`=+`r`;`;` )u` =l bn `dpl`nof bnckèof `stf Q @hu kpnrf frk Q @ou, `s o`ckr, 9Fruedkln: tk sn ek lk ndk n9f 9u df, =+`r`;`;` ek @ou #k sndk. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.1l `s `l )u` efs snlvn Q @ektk eghn ek ln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.1l ef `s o` cuètn, =l `s o`dnsknof p`)u`f pnrn s`r pèsnof o`, tfonv'n =l `s `l )u` `s ncfstudhrnof n

ètr`gnrefs o`so` lfs prfhl`dn è =#>, f `l dueof, pnrn cunl `l t=rdkef =#> `s n dèuof `dpl`nof 4ftken, 9f tf rf, hèk fe J@ln ek ghn ek ln ek =#`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln `l ekf o` DFskeD 9`l Gfh`renet`: ns' v`c`s `s o`scrktf è cneckfe`s o` nlnhne*ns =#2 u DFrue dklnD@ln fdf Fske. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln bn o`scèokof n ln tk`rrn<efsftrfs ef dfrkr`dfs d-s<y =st` `s `l efdhr` o` =#2 Q @ln rf n 9k f 9u dfF9rkhktkN @ln rf Jsf9nl` Fruf =#n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln bn r`npnr`ckof %u`strf ndkgf o`l pnsnof nf bn vèkof o` eu`vf n fhs`rvnr ln #k`stn neunl< @lnekv`rsnrkf bn r`tfrenof. [f stfy vkekèof F =rf9f 90`fr: o`l cndpf cultkvnof pnrn fhs`rvnr ln #k`stnneunl. F =rf9f o`l cndpf cultkvnof, `st` o'n o` nekv`rsnrkf bn r`tfrenof. B@ln bn r`npnr`ckof Q @ln ]f9`@ek `sk sk +n sfrf foueN Foue 9fN df +n sfoueN =rf9f f9fK =rf9f f9fK Foue fek sk 9f. @ln ]f9`K .0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@ln bk+f o` uen pkòrn, `s o`ckr, ln ourn pkòrn o` ln cndn o` ue enckèt` o` ngun 9ue `dhl`dn o` grne#u`r*n: ns' tndhk=e llndnof =#2 u DFrue dklnD Q @ln fdf Fykgk JFykgkykgk Ftn fdk. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o`l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@rketueo` 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q Xk=eofs` r`gr`sn nl dueof, f `l 0`r cuyf novèkdkètf nl dueof bno`vu`ltf ln rksn o` gf*f y ln nl`gr'n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@s 5stò uk>e bns vèkofB Q =+f lk f +nB 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: y `l 0`r o`l ck`lf cuyf lndètf cfestnet` ntfofs è `l dueof `s )u` `llfs o`hè vèkr n 1l. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@sk Q Cuyf lugnr `st- n dèuof è ln pln*n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@sp'rktus o` net`pnsnofs ok#uetfs Q @gue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.@+` =#2 Q Gh`gk, lpfy`, =+`r`;`;`, Foueoue, Fdkek, Frk;k, Xèrè, *`t`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.

^Wrngdètf o` c`r-dkcn rftn sfhr` o`l )u` buhf ln ok#`rèckn s`v`rn Q Frksbn 9Frk<ksbn:. 0`ge @xtrnctfso` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

GGh`gk s` vu`lv` 9@+`: Q @+` gkokdfghfyke. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Gfh`renet` Q Fske. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Gfh`renet` )u` okhu+n hèokck!e y prfsp`rkono o`spu=s o` 1l, y )uk=e ou`rd` è dòkf o` bfefr`s9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q Fhn Flf#n sue lAfln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

S3k+f o` @r` 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q Flfoudnr`N Flfoue, Fdf`r`, Flfou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.3f+n o` [`y` )u` trn` ln hèokck!e oètrf o` eu`strns cnsns Q @+` [`y` tk k;` 9k kr` yn sk kl` èk. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.3f+n =gh`r`sk )u` ncfdpnn n ue sncrk#kckf nl ck`lf Q @+` =gh`r`sk tk = ske `hflf sk frue. 0`ge @xtrnctfo` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.3f+ns o` @+uru;u, )u` `s skdh!lkcf o` su o`s`f o` )u` =l puòn sup`rnr n ftrfs Q @+` @+uru;u. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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3f+ns o` tftf, cunl `s skdh!lkcf o`l o`s`f y frnck!e o`l f#`rèt` )u` =l può` s`r kgunl pnrn n)u=llfs )u`sfe net`s y sfhr` =l Q @+` tftf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.3f+ns o` [`y` Q @+` [`y`, )u` trn` ln hèokck!e oètrf o` eu`strns cnsns. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.3f+ns =gh`r`sk, )u` `s gè`rnldèt` bnhlnof y o`scrktf cfdf ln bf+n =gh`r`sk )u` ncfdpnn n ue sncrk#kck

nl ck`lf Q @+` =gh`r`sk. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=

=9ke ètr`gnon n ln du+`r uef sflf Q @9f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.=9ke, )u` `s cfesko`rnof cfdf skèof cfesultnof f )u` ètr`gn ue dèsn+` Q Fousf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

II`#` Q Fluoudnr`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.I`#` è lfs Ck`lfs Q Flu(frue. 9Flfrue uen #frdn cfetrn'on o`:. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhI`#`, uen cnh`*n `stf skgek#kcn Q Fou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

L5`trn o` =#2 Q @;k Fgh`, Fy`9ue d`;k, =+frk d`;k, @ok d`;k, 7nrn d`;k, F9nrne d`;k, 5rfsk d`;k,F+nrne d`;k, Fsn d`;k, Fgueon d`;k, @tur` d`;k, Fturupfe d`;k, Fs` d`;k, F#u d`;k y @9n d`;k.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Hnyfr o`l s=ptkdf 9: o'n o`l #`stkvnl 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q Flk;èk. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.Hkekstrf +`#` o`vftf n ue Frksbn pnrtkculnr, y n =l `s nskgenon ln tnr`n ok#'ckl ` keokgenet` o` pfe`r lndu`rt` n ue s`r budnef cfdpn`rf cfesngrnof pnrn sncrk#kckf, `l +frf, +uetf cfe `l ;kghfen sfe lfso`skgenofs pnrn ncfdpnnr nl 7nhnln+f )ukè pfor'n r`nlk*nr `l sncrk#kckf pnrn )u` puòn s`r o`scrktfcfdf `l d-s sngrnof nl lugnr è `l =ghfou, y )u= `s `l lugnr o` ndhfs o` dntne*n y o` f#rèon Q +frf.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Hu+`r )u` `s cfesko`rnon cfdf ln `spfsn o`l prfpkf Fruedkln, y )uk=e può` è r`nlkono s`r f ln `spfsno` ue 7nhnln+f f ln `spfsn o` cunl)uk`rn pnrn )ukè ue sncrk#kckf s`r'n f#r`ckof y )uk=e sk`dpr` s` `sp`rn)u` o= nyuon è `stf Q p`t`hk, @su, yn+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Hueof Q ky`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Hueof o` c`r-dkcn rftn o!eo` lfs `sp'rktus o`l dnl nll' pnsne n y vkvè è, o`spu=s o` ln du`rt` cfdf uedfet!e o` o`s`cbf y hnsurn, uen dnsn o` nldns r`cbn*nons o` >kfs <y )ukè`s sfe trntnons nll' cfdf lnc`r-dkcn rftn `s n)u' ofeo` `llfs efrdnldèt` sfe `cbnofs n ue dulnonr 9Frue kbnrkbn: Q Frue pneo0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

6 %f kekcknof è lfs dkst`rkfs o` ln r`lkgk!e )u` o`so` ln enturnl`*n o` su f#kckf, s` `sp`rn )u` s`n tftnldètcfe cfefckdkètf Q lgh`rk, Fgh`rk. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn. %fsftrfs b`dfs b`cbf nl @ln sncrk#kckf f l` ètr`gndfs `l sncrk#kckf o` ln snlvnck!e pnrn =l Q 6+fe s` `hf@ln #ue u. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn. %fsftrfs efs b`dfs pnrtkof ln Cfln sfhr` `l nsuetf, )u= `s kgunl o`ckr, %fsftrfs b`dfs `stnhl`ckof `lnsuetf Q tk pn fhk sk frne en. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

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]rkd`rfs ofs grnofs è =#2 Q +f @gne. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.]rkeckpnl Fou, &@l %ux', f &=dp`rntfr' y &X`y', cunl nl npnr`c`r è `l cuècf cfesultfr sk`dpr` `scfesko`rnof cfdf keokcnck!e o` cfduekcnck!e o` ue dèsn+` o` duy grne kdpfrtneckn Q @;k Fgh`. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.]r'eckp` o` tfofs lfs Fous Q @;k Fgu. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

_ukè ntkèo` n Frf =lnr` Fr-culf o` tk`rrn =;`sbn Q +frf Frf =lnr`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.ukè r`ckh` ndhfs +u`gf o` ok`cks=ks =9kes 9s`gueof grnof: Q Frksn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.ukè r`ckh` s!lf `l prkd`r +u`gf o` ok`cks=ks =9kes 9prkd`r grnof: Q Flfrk. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.

X Xèrè s` vu`lv` `l @+` tutu, ln bk`rhn o` pnck#kcnck!e Q @+` tutu. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn.X`y )ukè `s `l 3k+f o` @r` Q Fluoudnr`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.X`y, pfr cfefckèof )ukè, efsftrfs b`dfs vèkof n ln snlvnck!e Fhn(n dfln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.

$0nc`roft` Flfou prkeckpnl o` ln c`r`dfekn<r`pr`sètnck!e o` =#2 Q Fhnlfou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.0nc`roft` [fruhn, è `stn clns` `s ue dnyfr y +`#` o` ln clns` o` 7nhnln+fs, cuyns okr`cckfe`s `l r`stf sftfons `sp`rnons pnrn fhò`c`r8 p`rf n dèuof può` ue bfdhr` s`r f'of bnhlneof o` ue 7nhnln+f o`)ukè =l bn r`ckhkof su =#2 cfdf su Flu+f Q Flu+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0nc`roft` [fruhn, `s `l pr`skoèt` o` lfs dkst`rkfs y lfs rktfs y c`r`dfekns o` ln r`lkgk!e y cultf, y =l `stndhk=e `l 0nc`roft` 0ncrk#kcnet`, `l dn`strf o` ln r`lkgk!e, y `l okvkef pfr dòkf o` cfesultn n lfs0ngrnofs Fr-culfs. 1l `s sk`dpr` `sp`cknldèt` y o` uen dne`rn #frdnl cfesngrnof n su f#kckf cuneof =l`s pnrn s`rvkr n ue r`y cfdf su 0nc`roft` Cfesultfr Q 7nhnln+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruh0nc`roft` [fruhn, `s ue nyuonet` +`#` ndhfs pnrn `l Flu+f y cunl)uk`rn o` lfs ftrfs 7nhnln+fs, y è uefcnsk!e o` ue grne sncrk#kckf, pfr `+`dplf, `l o` f#rèonr ue s`r budnef, =l `s `l ekcf, cfe ue +frf,o`skgenof pnrn ncfdpnnr nl 7nhnln+f )ukè pfor'n r`nlk*nr `l sncrk#kckf pnrn )u` puòn s`r o`scrktf cfd`l d-s sngrnof lugnr è `l =ghfou, y )u= `s `l lugnr o` ndhfs o` dntne*n y o` f#rèon Q ;kghfen. 0`ge@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0nc`roft`s o` 0`gueof grnof Q @l`gne, Frksn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0nc`roft`s [fruhn Q 7nhnln+f, Flu+f, ;kghfen, +frf, Fof#ke, rf, snr`pn+f, sn+f, p`t`hk nv`c`s `s llndnof yn+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0nc`roft`s [fruhn, `s `l t`rc`r 7nhnln+f è rnegf, y =l `s tktulnof pnrn nctunr pnrn ndhfs `l Flu+f y `lFof#ke è su nusèckn Q rf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0nc`roft`s [fruhn, `s ftrf nskstèt` sfhr` ue 7nhnln+f, y nyuonet` `sp`cknl pnrn ue snr` pn+f Qsn+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0nc`roft`s [fruhn, `s ue 7nhnln+f tktulnof pr!xkdf è rnegf nl Flu+f, y =l `s prkvkl`gknof pnrn nctunr pfr =l è su nusèckn Q Fof#ke. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0nc`roft`s [fruhn, `s ue dèsn+`rf cuyf f#kckf `s llndnr n lfs 7nhnln+fs è sus r`skoèckns r`sp`ctkvns kevktnr n `llfs n uen rùek!e sk`dpr` )u` ue efdhrndkètf bn skof b`cbf, y =l y tfofs )u` ll`vne `l t'tulf

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cfe =l sfe n)u=llfs )u` sfe tndhk=e `sp`rnofs pnrn pr`pnrnr ` kdprfvksnr ue =ghfou sk`dpr` )u` lfs7nhnln+fs pkone pfr uef Q snr`pn+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf n ln okvkekono o` ln vfluetno )u` cudpl` su prfp!sktf f p`rdkt` n ue bfdhr` )u` lfgr` ue prfp!sktf Q @hf s`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf o` cunl)uk`r tkpf f#r`ckof n =#2 y `l cunl bn skof pu`stf sfhr` =l Q =r`#n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l

]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf o` ln Cnsn f #ndklknr Q @hf ghfl`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf o` prfp!sktf f ue sncrk#kckf n ln okvkekono o` prfp!sktf f `sn okvkekono )u` p`rdktè n uef bnc`rue prfp!sktf Q @hf hn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf o` Xòèck!e, tfon ln v'ctkdn `s tfstnon cfe #u`gf oètrf o` lns pu`rtns bnstn )u` s` ròuc` ncèk*ns, y o`spu=s n `stf s` l` lne*n ngun è `l cfrn*!e o`so` ntr-s `stf pnrn `xtkegukr `l #u`gf Q @hf=rnpnon, @hf =rnpn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf o` ue okstrktf Q @hf kghfrf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf o`l X`y Q @hf Fhn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf pnrn ket`rcndhknr f sustktukr ln cnh`*n o` uef, b`cbf, f o`stkef cfe `s` o` ftrf Q @hu kpnrf frk.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf pnrn ue pu`hlf èt`rf f ckuono, f sncrk#kckf pnrn hnrr`r l`+fs o`l pu`hlf lf dnlf Q @hf ghnlu.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf )u` s`r- cfdkof è s`gukon Q @hf Fsu. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0ncrk#kckf s`nl<dnrcnon, cuneof nlguen o` ln snegr` o` ln v'ctkdn `s d`*clnon pfr `l 7nhnln+f y sunyuonet`, `l ;kghfen, cfe ndhfs hnrrf y nlguens dncbucnons sngrnons u bf+ns o` =#2 è ue sngrnof hfs)u` o`so` cunl ln pr`pnrnck!e efrdnldèt` `s sncnon #u`rn c`r`dfekfsndèt` pnrn n)u`llfs )u` `sp`rn pfr `stf, pnrn s`r `dpl`nof è dnrcnr sus #rèt`s è `l froè n#kne*nr n `llfs `l `scnp` o` ln du`rt` yns`gurnrlfs o` `stf Q @hf ksndk. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0-eonlf #rkcnef 9hnpbkn ektkon, cndLffo: Q =;`rfsue, =rfsue. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn0ntne-s Q @su. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0`gueof cuècf cfesultfr o`l 7nhnln+f, )ukè tkè` su prfpkf ;kghfen )u` n v`c`s `s llndnof L`+`r` Flfpfe `9`;k n+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0`r cuyf novèkdkètf nl dueof o`l ck`lf llè! n lfs bfdhr`s cfe +uhklfsn y ngrno`ckon sfrpr`sn 9%fdhrò` =#2: Q F+n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0`r cuyf pfo`r `s tne grneo` )u` =l llndn ln du`rt` pnrn onr cuètns 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q hn9u+k;f.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0`r )u`, tfre-eofs` `l dksdf sfhr` cfdf `stf #u` è ue #frc`+`f, pfspfe` pnrn su clkèt` `l o'n o` du`rt`9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q F9ktkhkrkN n(pn(f;f k9u on. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0`r )ukè n tfof bfefr cfe `l oknrkf snluof o` ln dnnen, p`rf )uk=e net`s pngn r`sp`tf n cunl)uk`r ftrf s`9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q l;k9k(tk 9k #Afrk hn l` #Aèk9ne. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0`r )ukè du`r` bferfsndèt` y pngn bfdèn+` n 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q =9u#frk;k. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn.0k`dpr` prkd`rf budklo`dèt` y r`v`rèt`dèt` kevfcnof y `st` #nvfr huscnof pnrn ln nc`ptnck!e sk`dpr)u` =#2 #u`rn nofrnof cfe ue sncrk#kckf Q Fs`turn, Fou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.0fdfs efsftrfs dksdfs bnck=eofefs Fykgkykgk )u` `s ln pkòrn )u` okf enckdkètf n @ln y yn ef dfrkr-eQ +n ok FykgkykgkN n 9k f 9u df. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

*_=rdkef cunl, o`spu=s ln trnokck!e r`lkgkfsn o`l pn's, #u` frkgkenldèt` nplkcnon n nlguefs >kfs`s skèof`stfs =#2, u Fruedkln Q Frksbn. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.




*`t` s` bnc`, `s o`ckr, ln bk`rhn )u` pr`sngkn eu`strn netkgEòno è eu`strn ètrnon è `l dueof Q @+`nttònky`. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn._k`rrn Q ky`. 0kèof ètèokof )u` kecluy` n ln tk`rrn y `l ck`lf +uetfs. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf[fruhn._rkhus )u` tndhk=e sfe cfesko`rnons cfdf è pfs`sk!e o` ducbn cnpnckono pròkcntkvn Q g`df, @lu9u

0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.5

/e 9ke `s `l )u` efsftrfs pfo`dfs gflp`nr pnrn nokvkenck!e& efsftrfs tè`dfs& ekege o`r`cbf o`gflp`nr ue Fousu 9X`*f: Q 9ke lk n = pn( n 9k lu Fousf. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn./en o` lns ofs pnrt` o`l ck`lf Frue, `s uen dnrcn o` `xc`lèckn8 DFrueD d`rndèt` Q =snln Frue. 0`g@xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn./ef o` lfs efdhr`s o` =#2, duy prkeckpnl. Cfetrncck!e o` 6Frue dklnD Q @ln. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l]ngneksdf [fruhn./ef #u`rt` Q 9ke, =9ke. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn./ef %`grf, f `l uef Grneo` )ukè, cfdf trnokck!e okc`, lfs prfhl`dns tkèè n bnc`rlf e`grf 9%fdhr`s o`=#2: Q @ou. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

,Aègnofr ]rkeckpnl o` dnl`s 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q Fluh`sne. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.Aègnofr ]rkeckpnl o` dnl`s 9%fdhr`s o` =#2: Q Flu(lk khk @sne. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhA'ctkdn budnen `scfgkon pnrn `l sncrk#kckf ètr` lfs [fruhn, y )uk=e può` s`r f ue enckof lkhr` f ue`sclnvf, uen p`rsfen o` efhl` f noke`rnof lken+`, f uef o` enckdkètf budklo` Q Flu+f. 0`ge @xtrnctfso` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

[[f ef sup` n tk`dpf )u` `st` `s `l @ln )u` `s nofrnof y sncrk#kcnof è eu`strn #ndklkn pnrn ln snlvnck!e Q@dk 9f t`t` df p`, @ln ek e+fe dhf ln ek kl` +n. 0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

^rns`s y rÈfs b`cbfs $`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

[fruhn(@spn)fl.

&9ke lk n = pn( n 9k lu Fousf'.6/e 9ke `s `l )u` efsftrfs pfo`dfs gflp`nr pnrn nokvkenck!e& efsftrfs tè`dfs& ekege o`r`cbf o`

gflp`nr ue Fousu2.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.





6kghntk n 9f hn dfN

ekN 9f s`K=#2 sk`dpr` bnhln è pnr-hflns,/e bfdhr` snhkf `s `l )u` ètkèo` su okscursf,



0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

7k n hn hf f;u,7k n hn hf kdu

=snl` nghfe ek n kpnrk r`.


Lntk kghn en +n ek n e+kp`. $`K&0k 9cuneof: efsftrfs lnvndfs ln cnrn,0k 9cuneof: efsftrfs lnvndfs ln enrk*

%fsftrfs `stndfs ncfstudhrnofs n #kenlk*nr ln fp`rnck!e è `l #feof o` ln hnrhklln2.=#2 #u` cfesultnof pnrn Fruedkln è ln fcnsk!e cuneof =l pfor'n kr n r`ckhkr ln nutfrkono y pfo`r o`l

Fdekpftèt` /ef y =l f#r`ck! `l sncrk#kckf pr`scrktf pnrn =l. >`spu=s o` `stf `l Fdekpftèt` /ef l` okf n ln nutfrkono y pfo`r.


B@stf #u` o`so` ètfec`s efsftrfs b`dfs skof ncfstudhrnof n o`ckr & s`K' M7@stf s`r- cfdf #u` pròkcbf2.


? F;u df 9k df 9k +f dn sfo` +f ghò` n ghfe non<

J? 7%uecn bny uen dnnen cuneof ue JnhnlnLf f ue 0nc`roft` cfesultfr ef cfesult` su Fp`l`, cfdfeuecn bny uen dnnen )u` ue b`rr`rf ef s`n llndnof pnrn n#klnr ue dncb`t` pnrn ue grne+`rf2.


J1 7k fek tk rkN fln 9k rk h`N lk f du 9k 7nhnln+f dn on =#n frfrue.J1 75n pfskhklkono o` )u` `l dnnen ef skèof cfdf `l bfy è cfesko`rnck!e n lfs `vètfs )u` puòè

trnespkrnr è `stf, `s lf )u` keouc` n ue JnhnlnLf n cfesultnr su ?#- y sncrk#kcnrl` cnon )uketf o'n6.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

+fe tk n t` ek =#n.




)u=llfs )u` sfe pksnofs +uetf cfe lns eu`c`s o` =#2.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Cuneof s` nhr` =ghnou s` vu`lv` ln cnrn #u`rn o` `stn ns' cfdf ln nhr`, okckèof D7k fdfo` hn sk ksnN n y` f;ue #ue fru r`D.

60k ue ekf nhr` uen flln bkrvkèt`, =l s` vflv`r'n su cnrn #u`rn o`l cnlfr.60`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@+` nttònky`.5n bk`rhn )u` pr`sngkn eu`strn netkgEòno è eu`strn ètrnon è `l dueof.


@+` tutu.5n bk`rhn o` pnck#kcnck!e.


@ln fdf Fykgk JFykgkykgk Ftn fdk.@ln bk+f o` uen pkòrn, `s o`ckr, ln ourn pkòrn o` ln cndn o` ue enckèt` o` ngun 9ue `dhl`dn o` grne

#u`r*n:.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

+n ok FykgkykgkN n 9k f 9u df.0fdfs efsftrfs dksdfs. 3nck=eofefs Fykgkykgk )u` `s ln pkòrn )u` okf enckdkètf n @ln y yn ef dfrkr-


@ln rf n 9k f 9u df(F9rkhktkN @ln rf Jsf9nl` Fruf =#n.@ln bn o`scèokof n ln tk`rrn<efsftrfs ef dfrkr`dfs d-s<y =st` `s `l efdhr` o` =#26.


@ektk eghn ek ln.1l `s `l )u` efs snlvn.


6+fe s` `hf @ln #ue u. %fsftrfs b`dfs b`cbf nl @ln sncrk#kckf, f l` ètr`gndfs f sncrk#kckf o` ln snlvnck!e pnrn =l.


@ln fdf Fykgk JFykgkykgk Ftn fdk.@ln bk+f o` uen pkòrn, `s o`ckr, ln ourn pkòrn o` ln cndn o` ue enckèt` o` ngun 9ue `dhl`dn o` grne

#u`r*n:.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

+n ok FykgkykgkN n 9k f 9u df.0fdfs efsftrfs dksdfs bnck=eofefs Fykgkykgk )u` `s ln pkòrn )u` okf enckdkètf n @ln y yn ef dfrkr-e


@ln rf n 9k f 9u df(F9rkhktkN @ln rf Jsf9nl` Fruf =#n




@ln bn o`scèokof n ln tk`rrn<efsftrfs ef dfrkr`dfs d-s<y =st` `s `l efdhr` o` =#2.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

6+fe s` `hf @ln #ue u %fsftrfs b`dfs b`cbf nl @ln sncrk#kckf, f l` ètr`gndfs f sncrk#kckf o` ln snlvnck!e pnrn =l.

0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn. @dk 9f t`t` df p`, @ln ek e+fe dhf ln ek kl` +n.

[f ef sup` n tk`dpf )u` `st` `s `l @ln )u` `s nofrnof y sncrk#kcnof è eu`strn #ndklkn pnrn ln snlvnck!e.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

4f tken, 9f tf rf, hèk fe J@ln ek ghn ek ln ek =#`.1l ef `s o` cuètn, =l `s o`dnsknof p`)u`f pnrn s`r pèsnof o`, tfonv'n =l `s `l )u` `s ncfstudhrnof n

ètr`gnrefs o`so` lfs prfhl`dn è =#>.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Fhn(n dfln.@l r`y, )u` snhkèof )ukè, efsftrfs b`dfs vèkof n ln snlvnck!e.


Fs`turn Fou .@s `l Fou )u` sk`dpr` `s kevfcnof prkd`rf budklo`dèt` y r`v`rèt`dèt`.


@dk 9f t`t` df p`, @ln ek e+fe dhf ln ek kl` +n.[f ef sup` n tk`dpf )u` `st` `s `l @ln )u` `s nofrnof y sncrk#kcnof è eu`strn #ndklkn pnrn ln snlvnck!e.


4f tken, 9f tf rf, hèk fe J@ln ek ghn ek ln ek =#`.1l ef `s o` cuètn, =l `s o`dnsknof p`)u`f pnrn s`r pèsnof o`, tfonv'n =l `s `l )u` `s ncfstudhrnof n

ètr`gnrefs o`so` lfs prfhl`dn è =#>6.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Fhn(n dfln.@l r`y, pfr cfefckèof )ukè, efsftrfs b`dfs vèkof n ln snlvnck!e6.


@lnK Fdf FskeN df +nrk fK f, @ln d`;kN df +nrk fK f @lnK f yke nhfru@lnK df yke nhfy`<@lnK df yke nhfsks`.


F @ln [f nlnhf `l sncrk#kckf )u` trn` ln vkon<F @ln [f nlnhf `l nctf o` sncrk#kckf )u` ncfdpnn f pr`cò` ln lnhfr8







@ln bn r`npnr`ckof

%u`strf ndkgf o`l pnsnof nf bn vèkof o` eu`vf n fhs`rvnr ln #k`stn neunl< @l nekv`rsnrkf bn r`tfrenof. [`stfy vkekèof F =rf9f 90`fr:o`l cndpf cultkvnof pnrn fhs`rvnr ln #k`stn neunl.





BF /stò, eu`strf okgef ]nor`B@l 3k+f )u` bnst o`scèok! o`l ck`lf n `stn tk`rrn

u` bnst efs uhkc! è `l dueofM /stò eu`strf okgef ]nor`


Frksn tk f yne kgk fhk lk nyfN fe(lk f on n+fe kyfu9ue lk @ru( 9k kyf =on hn Frksn ;n yns`hk @9` nt@yf ek k h` kgk fhk oneu f.

5n okvkekono )u` bn `scfgkof `l -rhfl o` Cfln cfdf su `sp`cknldèt` vnlfrnof y ndnof r`pr`sètnet` bnb`cbf n tfofs lfs ftrfs -rhfl`s suhfrokenofs o` =l. %fsftrfs ef `stndfs ncfstudhrnofs n sncnr #u`rn ln

`spnon pnrn lucbnr cfetrn uen okvkekono8 y enok` p`rf ue dètkrfsf y uen p`rsfen p=r#kon nlguen v`* pkèsè cfrtnr nhn+f y tkrnr ue -rhfl o` Cfln.


7nhn, nh`h` flfrne 9u sk frne, Frne flfrne lk fhk k 9u sk. %u`strf pnor` )ukè ket`rcò` è lfs nsuetfs o` ftrn p`rsfen bnstn )u` =l du`r` sfhr` `st`8 ln Cfln `s

cfdedèt` pu`stf pnrn ln du`rt` sfhr` `l nsuetf o` ftrns p`rsfens,0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

tk pn fhk sk frne en. %fsftrfs efs b`dfs pnrtkof ln Cfln sfhr` `l nsuetf, )u= `s kgunl o`ckr, %fsftrfs b`dfs `stnhl`ckof `l

nsuetf.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@hfrn, @hf(nrn 9k 9f `h` #ue fhk.5fs okfs`s ef tkèè `l b-hktf o` e`gnrs` n `scucbnr y nc`ptnr splkcn f ket`rc`sk!e o` ln eu`* o` Cfln.


@ou, `s o`ckr, 9Fruedkln: tk sn ek lk ndk n 9f 9u df, =+`r`;`;` ek @ou #k sndk.@ou, u Fruedkln, efs bn dnrcnof efsftrfs ef efs dfrkr`dfs o` eu`vf. @stn `s ln bf+n o` ln bk`rhn o`

=+`r`;`;` )u` =l bn `dpl`nof bnckèof `stf.





gh`ru tk kgh` `hf r` frue.gh`ru )u` ll`vn lfs sncrk#kckfs o` p`rsfens nl ck`lf.


@+` =gh`r`sk tk = ske `hflf sk frue5n bf+n =gh`r`sk )u` ncfdpnn n ue sncrk#kckf nl ck`lf.


@+` [`y` tk k;` 9k kr` yn sk kl` èk.5n bf+n o` [`y` )u` trn` ln hèokck!e oètrf o` eu`strns cnsns.


+f 9k k 9u&< +f lf sk =tueln. =tueln ek kl` +f.+f<f ue 7nhnln+f euecn s` du`r`8 =l vn n =tueln 9`l dueof o!eo` lfs bfdhr`s vkvè o` eu`vf o`spu=

o` ln du`rt`:. =tueln `s ln cnsn o` ue +f.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Frue kbnrkbn, khk tk Frue ntk ken pno` tk e+fe ebf y`.@l ck`lf o`l =bnrkbn, o!eo` ndhfs `l sfl y #u`gf rùekofs +uetfs, y ofeo` `l rugkof o` sus llndns uekons y

`l cnlfr `st- cfdf `l grktf o` uen grne dultktuo6.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Fbue tk f s` dk ykN ntk `dk ntk k+f ek k rf f ek+n;u èk tk f rk +n.6Cfdf `stn cfsn f `st` dnl )u` ustò d` bn b`cbf, yf okgf, ndhfs ustò y yf tèor`dfs )u` r`lntnr `stf

y net` 1l 9>kfs: )uk=e efs v`6.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

6kghntk `dk hn 9uN ntk `dk ntk k+f ek klf rf f ek+n;u Flfrue.6Cuneof yf du`rn, ndhfs ustò y yf tèor`dfs )u` r`lntnr `stf 9eu`strf cnsf: f 9`l dnl pr`suetf: net`

>kfs6.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

Fbue ghfghf tk n #` lk ky` n #`r` ok koèn frue Jf;u khfo` frue 9n ghfghf6Cfe r`sp`ctf n lf )u` efsftrfs bnc`dfs è `st` dueof efsftrfs vèor`dfs prfetf n ln ètrnon o` ln v`r+

nl ftrf dueof o!eo` efsftrfs tèor`dfs )u` onr cuètn o` `llfs tfofs6.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

&+fe tk f rk sn'.@l 3k+f o` >kfs, bn skof èvknof cfe ftrfs pnrn huscnr nlròòfr y cfl`cckfenr +uetfs ln snhkour'n )u` =ltè'n r`pnrtkon nlròòfr, y )ukè`s tuvk`rfe =xktf è su hs)uòn y cfl`cck!e nue)u` ftrfs #nllnrfe, y)uk=e`s `stuvk`rfe bnhlneof o` cfdf, `s o`ckr, n)u=llfs )u` tuvk`rfe =xktf è bnc`r su cfl`cck!e, y )uk=eò`spu=s, y è cfes`cuèckn o` `stf, s` bkck`rfe fh+`tfs o` cultf.


@spn)fl ( [fruhn.




6/e 9ke `s `l )u` efsftrfs pfo`dfs gflp`nr pnrn nokvkenck!e& efsftrfs tè`dfs& ekege o`r`cbf o`gflp`nr ue Fousu2.

&9ke lk n = pn( n 9k lu Fousf'.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

=#2 sk`dpr` bnhln è pnr-hflns,/e bfdhr` snhkf `s `l )u` ètkèo` su okscursf,






&0k 9cuneof: efsftrfs lnvndfs ln cnrn,0k 9cuneof: efsftrfs lnvndfs ln enrk*

%fsftrfs `stndfs ncfstudhrnofs n #kenlk*nr ln fp`rnck!e è `l #feof o` ln hnrhklln2.

=#2 #u` cfesultnof pnrn Fruedkln è ln fcnsk!e cuneof =l pfor'n kr n r`ckhkr ln nutfrkono y pfo`r o`lFdekpftèt` /ef y =l f#r`ck! `l sncrk#kckf pr`scrktf pnrn =l. >`spu=s o` `stf `l Fdekpftèt` /ef l` okf n

ln nutfrkono y pfo`r.


B@stf #u` o`so` ètfec`s efsftrfs b`dfs skof ncfstudhrnof n o`ckr & s`K' M7@stf s`r- cfdf #u` pròkcbf2.

7k n hn hf f;u,7k n hn hf kdu


on #ue Fruedkln ekghntk f elf ghn ns` lAf+f Flfoudnr` f ruhf. Flfoudnr` sk +n #k ns` #ue u.6kghntk ghfghf nky` ghf p` f tk ghn ns` lAf+f Flfoudnr` e+fe sk e+f tf. Ghfghf `yk tk f +k sk es`.Lntk kghn en +n ek n e+kp`. $`K.


J? 7%uecn bny uen dnnen cuneof ue JnhnlnLf f ue 0nc`roft` cfesultfr ef cfesult` su Fp`l`, cfdfeuecn bny uen dnnen )u` ue b`rr`rf ef s`n llndnof pnrn n#klnr ue dncb`t` pnrn ue grne+`rf2.

? F;u df 9k df 9k +f dn sfo` +f ghò` n ghfe non<





J1 75n pfskhklkono o` )u` `l dnnen ef skèof cfdf `l bfy è cfesko`rnck!e n lfs `vètfs )u` puòètrnespkrnr è `stf, `s lf )u` keouc` n ue JnhnlnLf n cfesultnr su ?#- y sncrk#kcnrl` cnon )uketf o'n6.

J1 7k fek tk rkN fln 9k rk h`N lk f du 9k 7nhnln+f dn on =#n frfrue.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

)u=llfs )u` sfe pksnofs +uetf cfe lns eu`c`s o` =#2.+fe tk n t` ek =#n.


Cuneof s` nhr` =ghnou s` vu`lv` ln cnrn #u`rn o` `stn ns' cfdf ln nhr`, okckèof60k ue ekf nhr` uen flln bkrvkèt`, =l s` vflv`r'n su cnrn #u`rn o`l cnlfr.6

D7k fdfo` hn sk ksnN n y` f;ue #ue fru r`D.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

5n bk`rhn )u` pr`sngkn eu`strn netkgEòno è eu`strn ètrnon è `l dueof.@+` nttònky`.


5n bk`rhn o` pnck#kcnck!e.@+` tutu.


@ln bk+f o` uen pkòrn, `s o`ckr, ln ourn pkòrn o` ln cndn o` ue enckèt` o` ngun 9ue `dhl`dn o` grne#u`r*n:.

@ln fdf Fykgk JFykgkykgk Ftn fdk.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

0fdfs efsftrfs dksdfs. 3nck=eofefs Fykgkykgk )u` `s ln pkòrn )u` okf enckdkètf n @ln y yn efdfrkr-e.

+n ok FykgkykgkN n 9k f 9u df.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@ln bn o`scèokof n ln tk`rrn<efsftrfs ef dfrkr`dfs d-s<y =st` `s `l efdhr` o` =#26.@ln rf n 9k f 9u df(F9rkhktkN @ln rf Jsf9nl` Fruf =#n.


1l `s `l )u` efs snlvn.@ektk eghn ek ln.

%fsftrfs b`dfs b`cbf nl @ln sncrk#kckf, f l` ètr`gndfs f sncrk#kckf o` ln snlvnck!e pnrn =l.6+fe s` `hf @ln #ue u.


@ln bk+f o` uen pkòrn, `s o`ckr, ln ourn pkòrn o` ln cndn o` ue enckèt` o` ngun 9ue `dhl`dn o` grne#u`r*n:.

@ln fdf Fykgk JFykgkykgk Ftn fdk.





0fdfs efsftrfs dksdfs bnck=eofefs Fykgkykgk )u` `s ln pkòrn )u` okf enckdkètf n @ln y yn ef dfrkr-e+n ok FykgkykgkN n 9k f 9u df.


@ln bn o`scèokof n ln tk`rrn<efsftrfs ef dfrkr`dfs d-s<y =st` `s `l efdhr` o` =#2.@ln rf n 9k f 9u df(F9rkhktkN @ln rf Jsf9nl` Fruf =#n


%fsftrfs b`dfs b`cbf nl @ln sncrk#kckf, f l` ètr`gndfs f sncrk#kckf o` ln snlvnck!e pnrn =l.6+fe s` `hf @ln #ue u.


[f ef sup` n tk`dpf )u` `st` `s `l @ln )u` `s nofrnof y sncrk#kcnof è eu`strn #ndklkn pnrn ln snlvnck!e.@dk 9f t`t` df p`, @ln ek e+fe dhf ln ek kl` +n.


1l ef `s o` cuètn, =l `s o`dnsknof p`)u`f pnrn s`r pèsnof o`, tfonv'n =l `s `l )u` `s ncfstudhrnof nètr`gnrefs o`so` lfs prfhl`dn è =#>.

4f tken, 9f tf rf, hèk fe J@ln ek ghn ek ln ek =#`.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@l r`y, )u` snhkèof )ukè, efsftrfs b`dfs vèkof n ln snlvnck!e.Fhn(n dfln.


@s `l Fou )u` sk`dpr` `s kevfcnof prkd`rf budklo`dèt` y r`v`rèt`dèt`.Fs`turn Fou.


[f ef sup` n tk`dpf )u` `st` `s `l @ln )u` `s nofrnof y sncrk#kcnof è eu`strn #ndklkn pnrn ln snlvnck!e.@dk 9f t`t` df p`, @ln ek e+fe dhf ln ek kl` +n.


1l ef `s o` cuètn, =l `s o`dnsknof p`)u`f pnrn s`r pèsnof o`, tfonv'n =l `s `l )u` `s ncfstudhrnof nètr`gnrefs o`so` lfs prfhl`dn è =#>6.

4f tken, 9f tf rf, hèk fe J@ln ek ghn ek ln ek =#`.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@l r`y, pfr cfefckèof )ukè, efsftrfs b`dfs vèkof n ln snlvnck!e6.Fhn(n dfln.



F @ln [f nlnhf `l sncrk#kckf )u` trn` ln vkon<




F @ln [f nlnhf `l nctf o` sncrk#kckf )u` ncfdpnn f pr`cò` ln lnhfr8@lnK Fdf FskeN df +nrk fK f, @ln d`;kN df +nrk fK f @lnK f yke nhfru

@lnK df yke nhfy`<@lnK df yke nhfsks`.


@ln bn r`npnr`ckof %u`strf ndkgf o`l pnsnof nf bn vèkof o` eu`vf n fhs`rvnr ln #k`stn neunl< @l nekv`rsnrkf bn r`tfrenof. [

`stfy vkekèof F =rf9f 90`fr:o`l cndpf cultkvnof pnrn fhs`rvnr ln #k`stn neunl.





BF /stò, eu`strf okgef ]nor`B@l 3k+f )u` bnst o`scèok! o`l ck`lf n `stn tk`rrn

u` bnst efs uhkc! è `l dueofM /stò eu`strf okgef ]nor`




5n okvkekono )u` bn `scfgkof `l -rhfl o` Cfln cfdf su `sp`cknldèt` vnlfrnof y ndnof r`pr`sètnet` bnb`cbf n tfofs lfs ftrfs -rhfl`s suhfrokenofs o` =l. %fsftrfs ef `stndfs ncfstudhrnofs n sncnr #u`rn ln

`spnon pnrn lucbnr cfetrn uen okvkekono8 y enok` p`rf ue dètkrfsf y uen p`rsfen p=r#kon nlguen v`* pkèsne è cfrtnr nhn+f y tkrnr ue -rhfl o` Cfln.

Frksn tk f yne kgk fhk lk nyfN fe(lk f on n+fe kyfu9ue lk @ru( 9k kyf =on hn Frksn ;n yns`hk @9` nt@yf ek k h` kgk fhk oneu f.


%u`strf pnor` )ukè ket`rcò` è lfs nsuetfs o` ftrn p`rsfen bnstn )u` =l du`r` sfhr` `st`8 ln Cfln `scfdedèt` pu`stf pnrn ln du`rt` sfhr` `l nsuetf o` ftrns p`rsfens,

7nhn, nh`h` flfrne 9u sk frne, Frne flfrne lk fhk k 9u sk.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

%fsftrfs efs b`dfs pnrtkof ln Cfln sfhr` `l nsuetf, )u= `s kgunl o`ckr, %fsftrfs b`dfs `stnhl`ckof `lnsuetf.

tk pn fhk sk frne en.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

5fs okfs`s ef tkèè `l b-hktf o` e`gnrs` n `scucbnr y nc`ptnr splkcn f ket`rc`sk!e o` ln eu`* o` Cfln.




@hfrn, @hf(nrn 9k 9f `h` #ue fhk.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@ou, u Fruedkln, efs bn dnrcnof efsftrfs ef efs dfrkr`dfs o` eu`vf. @stn `s ln bf+n o` ln bk`rhn o`=+`r`;`;` )u` =l bn `dpl`nof bnckèof `stf.

@ou, `s o`ckr, 9Fruedkln: tk sn ek lk ndk n 9f 9u df, =+`r`;`;` ek @ou #k sndk.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

gh`ru )u` ll`vn lfs sncrk#kckfs o` p`rsfens nl ck`lf.gh`ru tk kgh` `hf r` frue.


5n bf+n =gh`r`sk )u` ncfdpnn n ue sncrk#kckf nl ck`lf.@+` =gh`r`sk tk = ske `hflf sk frue


5n bf+n o` [`y` )u` trn` ln hèokck!e oètrf o` eu`strns cnsns.@+` [`y` tk k;` 9k kr` yn sk kl` èk.


+f<f ue 7nhnln+f euecn s` du`r`8 =l vn n =tueln 9`l dueof o!eo` lfs bfdhr`s vkvè o` eu`vf o`spu=o` ln du`rt`:. =tueln `s ln cnsn o` ue +f.

+f 9k k 9u&< +f lf sk =tueln. =tueln ek kl` +f.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@l ck`lf o`l =bnrkbn, o!eo` ndhfs `l sfl y #u`gf rùekofs +uetfs, y ofeo` `l rugkof o` sus llndns uekons y`l cnlfr `st- cfdf `l grktf o` uen grne dultktuo6.

Frue kbnrkbn, khk tk Frue ntk ken pno` tk e+fe ebf y`.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

6Cfdf `stn cfsn f `st` dnl )u` ustò d` bn b`cbf, yf okgf, ndhfs ustò y yf tèor`dfs )u` r`lntnr `stf y net` 1l 9>kfs: )uk=e efs v`6.

Fbue tk f s` dk ykN ntk `dk ntk k+f ek k rf f ek+n;u èk tk f rk +n.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

6Cuneof yf du`rn, ndhfs ustò y yf tèor`dfs )u` r`lntnr `stf 9eu`strf cnsf: f 9`l dnl pr`suetf: net`>kfs6.

6kghntk `dk hn 9uN ntk `dk ntk k+f ek klf rf f ek+n;u Flfrue.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

6Cfe r`sp`ctf n lf )u` efsftrfs bnc`dfs è `st` dueof efsftrfs vèor`dfs prfetf n ln ètrnon o` ln v`r+nl ftrf dueof o!eo` efsftrfs tèor`dfs )u` onr cuètn o` `llfs tfofs6.

Fbue ghfghf tk n #` lk ky` n #`r` ok koèn frue Jf;u khfo` frue 9n ghfghf0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

@l 3k+f o` >kfs, bn skof èvknof cfe ftrfs pnrn huscnr nlròòfr y cfl`cckfenr +uetfs ln snhkour'n )u` =ltè'n r`pnrtkon nlròòfr, y )ukè`s tuvk`rfe =xktf è su hs)uòn y cfl`cck!e nue)u` ftrfs #nllnrfe, y




)uk=e`s `stuvk`rfe bnhlneof o` cfdf, `s o`ckr, n)u=llfs )u` tuvk`rfe =xktf è bnc`r su cfl`cck!e, y )uk=eò`spu=s, y è cfes`cuèckn o` `stf, s` bkck`rfe fh+`tfs o` cultf.

&+fe tk f rk sn'.0`ge @xtrnctfs o` `l ]ngneksdf [fruhn.

,fcnhulnrkf o` G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

[fruhn(@spn)fl.

@@l`ghn Q >knhlf )ukè ès`! n =#2 cfdf =l prfd`tk!, `l nrt` o` nokvkenck!e. 0`ge G`fdnecknstrfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

==#2 Q >kfs o` ln okvkenck!e, tfd! pfr p`scnr. 0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.




FFouourn Q 5n `spfsn o` Fhntnln 9`l Ck`lf:, `stn s`dhr! s!lf ok`cks=ks eu`c`s o` pnldn. 0`geG`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.Frksnhk Q @spfsn o` Fruegn )u` nt! `l hultf è su pnrt` o` ntr-s o` ln dne`rn è )u` gè`rnldèt` s`ll`vne lfs h`h=s, y `lln cfe su dnrkof tfd! lns ok`cks=ks eu`c`s o` pnldn pnrn =#2. 0`ge G`fdneckn

strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.Fruegn Q @l bk+f o` ln okfsn 9[`dn;n: ou`f o`l c`rcnef hfs)u` y uen grne+n ofeo` s` s`dhr! lnsok`cks=ks eu`c`s o` pnldn. 0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.Fruegn Q ]rkd`r 7nhn<nln+f 9`s o`ckr, ]nor` o` Hkst`rkfs:. 0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

@spn)fl ( [fruhn.

%>knhlf )ukè ès`! n =#2 cfdf =l prfd`tk!, `l nrt` o` nokvkenck!e Q @l`ghn. 0`ge G`fdnecknstrfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.>kfs o` ln okvkenck!e, tfd! pfr p`scnr Q =#2. 0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.@l bk+f o` ln okfsn 9[`dn;n: ou`f o`l c`rcnef hfs)u` y uen grne+n ofeo` s` s`dhr! lns ok`cks=ks eu`c`s o pnldn Q Fruegn. 0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

@@spfsn o` Fhntnln 9`l Ck`lf:, `stn s`dhr! s!lf ok`cks=ks eu`c`s o` pnldn Q Fouourn. 0`ge G`fdnecknstrfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.@spfsn o` Fruegn )u` nt! `l hultf è su pnrt` o` ntr-s o` ln dne`rn è )u` gè`rnldèt` s` ll`vne lfs h`h=s, y `lln cfe su dnrkof tfd! lns ok`cks=ks eu`c`s o` pnldn pnrn =#2 Q Frksnhk. 0`ge G`fdnecknstrfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

]]rkd`r 7nhn<nln+f 9`s o`ckr, ]nor` o` Hkst`rkfs: Q Fruegn. 0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

^rns`s y rÈfs b`cbfs $`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

[fruhn(@spn)fl.

Fruegn n;uhn fbKBFruegn, yf lf r`sp`tf

0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

Frksnhk n;uhk fbKBFrksnhk, yf ln r`sp`tf

0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.




@spn)fl ( [fruhn.

BFruegn, yf lf r`sp`tfFruegn n;uhn fbK

0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.BFrksnhk, yf ln r`sp`tf

Frksnhk n;uhk fbK0`ge G`fdneckn strfl!gkcn è "#rkcn.

^ke.

@xtrncts #rfd tb` hff9s

*b` [fruhn S`ntbèksd7y

tb` Xkgbt X`v. 7ksbfp Ind`s IfbesfeN

neo

*b` strflfgkcnl G`fdnecy ke #rkcn7y

]rf#`ssfr I. . hnyfdk Cfl`.




$_rnescrkptkfe eft`& okncrktkcs bnv` h`è kgefrò ke tb` #fllfLkeg(.

[fruhn 3`ntbèksd, hy tb` Xkgbt X`v. Jksbfp Ind`s Ifbesfe, ks sf ketès`ly ket`r`stkeg tbnt Lbè fec`yfu h`gke tf )uft` #rfd kt ks v`ry ok##kcult tf l`nv` f## ofkeg sf. _b` LfrR Lns Lrkttè sfd` y`nrs ngf,

Lbkcb dny nccfuet #fr kts tktl` Lbkcb ? nd sur` dy #rkèo tb` Jksbfp Lfulo efL cnll hy sfd` ftb`r end`. entkv` f# #rkcn, Jksbfp Ifbesfe stneos fut eft d`r`ly ns n l`nreò neo `nre`st okvke`, hut ns n pntrkftk#rkcne nexkfus tf kestkl ketf bks #`llfL cfuetrydè tru` efhklkty neo keo`pèoèc` f# spkrkt neo cbnrnct`r?t bns h`è dy prkvkl`g` tf bnv` okscussò Lktb bkd fe dney fccnskfes sfd` f# tb` r`lkgkfus prfhl`ds efLtrfuhlkeg tb` dkeo f# tb` òucntò #rkcne, Lbf ks h`gkeekeg tf h` cfesckfus f# tb` bkgb`r t`ncbkeg ke bksfLe dytbflfgy. ? tnR` tbks fppfrtuekty tf tbneR tb` Jksbfp #fr bnvkeg plncò tbks LfrR nt dy okspfsnl neonllfLkeg d` tf )uft` sf lkh`rnlly #rfd kt.

*b` %kvke` 7`keg.Gfo ks cfddfely cnllò DFlfrueDN n cfetrnctò #frd f# D@ektk(f(ek(frueD, 6tb` FLe`r f# tb` 3`nvès6fr f# DFlu(frueD, tb` Cbk`# ke tb` 3`nvès8 fr DFrueD, tb` b`nvès, Lbkcb ks ne nhhr`vkntò #frd f#Flfrue, neo ks ketèoò tf kdply hftb b`nvè neo `nrtb tfg`tb`r, Lbkcb nr` sfd`tkd`s spfRè f# tfg`tb`rns tb` /ekv`rs`. Dlnky`D, n cfetrnctò #frd f# D@ektk(f(ek(nky`D, 6tb` FLe`r f# tb` @nrtb,6 fr f#DFlu+n<ky`D, 6tb` Hnst`r f# tb` @nrtb,6 tb` t`rd Dky`D h`keg ueo`rstffo tf kecluo` hftb tb` `nrtb neotb` b`nvès tfg`tb`r8 DFluoudnr`D, Lbkcb sfd` ket`rpr`t tf d`ne _b` Cbk`#, fr _b` keg Lbf ks tb` 0fef# D@r`D, neo sfd` r`gnro ns r`pr`sètkeg 6_3@ @A@X X?G3_@F/0 F%@,6 neo sfd` 6Gfo tb`ldkgbty68 neo DFlfekD, n cfetrnctò #frd f# DFlu+n kekD, tb` FLe`r f# nll fur pfss`sskfes, neo ftb`rlkR` end`s, dney f# Lbkcb nr` cfddfely npplkò tf ke#`rkfr neo suhfrokent` >`ktk`s, ns Lns tb` cns` Lktbsfd` f# tb` neckèt entkfes, ns, #fr kestnec`, tb` Gr``Rs neo tb` Xfdnes dne, hftb #rfd bks kenhklkty tf#ully grnsp tb` ?e#kekt` neo #fr bks fLe cfevèkèc`, bns h`è Lfet tf r`pr`sèt tbks J`keg tf bkds`l# hysfd` nttrkhut` f# 3ks tbnt kdpr`ss`s bkd dfr` #frckhly tbne ftb`rs, fr, tbrfugb sfd` sp`cknl hl`sskeg #rfd3kd tf Lbkcb b` nttncb`s ue`xc`ptkfenl vnlu`, neo sfd`tkd`s tf cfetèt bkds`l# Lktb trnes#`rrkeg tf 3kd end` b` bno npplkò h`#fr` tf sfd` suhfrokent` o`kty. _bus tb` Gr``9s lkR` ftb`r ryne rnc`s sp`nR f#3kd ns D-ùsD fr DIupkt`rD, 6_b` Gfo f# lkgbt,6 fr tb` 6Gfo f# b`nvè,6 neo D*b`fsD, tb` 6J`keg Lbfbns dno` neo nrrnegò nll tbkegs68 tb` I`+s sp`nR f# 3kd ndfegst ftb`r end`s ns 6_b` Hkgbty Fe`68 tb`@eglksb stkll npply tf 3kd tb` $nxfe end` 6Gfo,6 6n grnvè kdng`,6 Lbkcb tb`y bno h`#fr` tb`krcfev`rskfe tf Cbrkstknekty npplkò tf ne ke#`rkfr o`kty8 neo tb` [fruhnes sp`nR f# 3kd ns DFlfrueD, 6tb`FLe`r f# tb` 3`nvès,6 fr, 6_b` Cbk`# Fe` ke, fr, _b` keg f# tb` 3`nvès.6

_b` eudh`r f# [fruhn gfos cfddfely r`cRfeò ks 83?, hut kt ks strkctly dfr` cfrr`ct tf sny tbnt tbèudh`r ks 033, nrrnegò gè`rnlly ueo`r tLf okvkskfes, 133, ns tb` 7nhnln+fs Lfulo sny, plncò fe tb`rkgbt<bneo sko`, neo 833 fe tb` l`#t<bneo sko`. Jut tb` gfos dfr` cfddfely Lfrsbkppò nr` =#nN Fouou+Fhnetn neo Fhneln bks Lk#`, FsueN FgueN [`dn;nN 7uru9uN Fhnlu#feN Frksn(f9f, neo $fpfeefN $negneo Fhntnln.

:?< _b`s` >`ktk`s nr` gè`rnlly RefLe ndfeg us ns DFrksbnsD, n t`rd Lbkcb, n#t`r tb` r`lkgkfus trnoktkfe ftb` cfuetry, Lns frkgkenlly npplkò tf sfd` h`keg Lbfd =#n, fr Fruedkln, tb` 0fe f# Gfo, bno sèt futLktb ftb`rs tf s`nrcb nhfut #fr neo cfll`ct tfg`tb`r tb` Lksofd Lbkcb b` bno str`Le nhfut, neo Lbf L`r`succ`ss#ul ke tb`kr s`nrcb neo cfll`ctkfe Lbklst ftb`rs #nklò, neo Lbf L`r` tbè spfRè f# ns D+fe tk f rsnD, k.`., tbfs` Lbf L`r` succ`ss#ul ke dnRkeg tb`kr cfll`ctkfe, neo Lbf n#t`r, neo ke cfes`)uèc` f# tbks, h`cnd` fh+`cts f# Lfrsbkp. Jut ftb`rs bnv` r`pr`sètò tb` t`rd DFrksbnD ns o`rkvò #rfd tb`ckrcudstnec` f# n s`rkfus ok##`rèc` fe n




:?. Cfdpnr` tb` 7n9kck 7nck f# tb` 7nvklk neo tb` @hndk f# tb` 7kek.<

pnrtkculnr fccnskfe h`tL`è tLf #rkèos endò rke neo Fghn, n ok##`rèc` ke Lbkcb sfd` `lo`rsket`r#`rò, fv`r n pftsb`ro, D=sbnD, Lbkcb tb` fe` bno dno` n pr`sèt f# tf tb` ftb`r, hut n r`ture f# Lbkcb

tb` gkv`r n#t`rLnros #rfd èvy o`dneoò, neo Lbkcb n#t`r kts r`ture Lns nccfuetò sncrò neo h`cnd` nefh+`ct f# Lfrsbkp8 neo tb`y sny tbnt #rfd tbks `v`ry ftb`r fh+`ct f# Lfrsbkp bns h`è cnllò ne 6Frksbn69Frk(ksbn:, ke nlluskfe tf tb` pftsb`ro fv`r Lbkcb tb`r` bno h`è n s`v`r` ok##`rèc`.

$negf, tb` gfo f# tb` ntdfspb`r`8 rndk#`, tb` gfo f# #kr`8 ;`, tb` gfo f# trno`8 Fhnlu#fe, tb` gfo f# n prfsp`rfus `dpkr`8 4frk9ftf neo F9`, gfos f# cbklo<hkrtb8 tb` gfos f# tb` s`n, [`df;n, F9ue fr Flf9ueneo Fsue8 tb` gfo f# Lnr, neo tb` gfoo`ss f# buetkeg 9Fgue neo Frnedkyne, Fsfsk neo 5;n bks Lk#`,Fhnlfgue neo 9kpf bks Lk#`, neo =9ulkghfghf:8 tb` gfo f# ngrkcultur`, Fgue8 tb` gfos f# prfpb`cy neosfeg, =#n neo @rkel`8 tb` gfo f# `lf)uèc`, Fhntnln8 tb` gfo f# lfv` neo h`nuty, Flf9ue8 tb` gfo f#Lksofd, Flf9ue8 neo tb` o`ktk`s f# tb` b`nrtb #kr`, tb` @gue, fr spkrkts f# o`c`nsò nec`stfrs.

0fd` f# tb` [fruhn >kvkektk`s bnv` h`è hfrrfLò #rfd ftb`r trkh`s.

$negf, #rfd tb` %kg`r t`rrktfry8 @9f(=#n, #rfd tb` 9f9f trkh`8 neo ;`, #rfd tb` @gue fr ]fpf trkh`.

[fruhnes, Lbfs` b`ntbè neo koflntrfus Lfrsbkp ks n r`currkeg #`stkvnl nt Lbkcb n pnrtkculnr okvkekty ksLfrsbkppò, bnv` #rfd tbks ckrcudstnec` f#tè oèfdkentò n ony ke `v`ry cycl` f# #kv` onys #rfd tbènd` f# tb` o`kty tf Lbfs` Lfrsbkp kt ks o`vftò, `.g., tbus L` #keo fe` ony endò F;f In9utn, k.`., tb` onLbè In9utn fr $bnegf:?< ks Lfrsbkppò8 F;f Fhntnln, k.`., tb` ony Lbè Fhntnln ks Lfrsbkppò8 F;f=#n, k.`., tb` ony Lbè =#n ks Lfrsbkppò, fr Lbè b` skts fe n tbrfe` lkR` n Rkeg8 F;f hnd`tn, k.`., tb`hnd`tn ony8 neo F;f [`dn;n, Lbkcb ks F;f Frf ns L`ll, Lbè hftb [`dn;n neo o`c`nsò nec`stfrsYspkrkts nr` Lfrsbkppò.

_b` [fruhnes hury tb`kr o`no ke tb`kr bfus`s, neo h`lk`v` ke tb`d, ke tb`kr pfL`r n#t`r o`ntb, neo ke tb`krket`r`st ke tb`kr survkvkeg #rkèos8 tbks ks tb` #ndkly Frf neo @gue Lfrsbkp, k.`., tb` Lfrsbkp nt sfd` #kxò plnc` ke n bfus` f# tb` spkrkts f# o`c`nsò nec`stfrs, dnl` neo #`dnl`, hy survkvkeg d`dh`rs f# n #ndkly fLbkcb tb`y bno h`è n vkskhl` pnrt, tb` #kxò plnc` h`keg cfddfely dnrRò hy cflfurò o`skges fe n Lnllf# tb` bfus`

$;. $bnegf ks ne kdpfrtò 6pfL`r,6 s`` tb` onys f# tb` L``R f# tb` 7nvklk neo 7kek, png`s 08 neo 1?8.(

fr fe tb` #lffr, neo cnllò DFlf;uhn(7nhnD, fr DF;u(@gueN 7nhnD, k.`., tb` spft sp`cknlly nsskgeò tf tb`Lfrsbkp f# tb` spkrkts f# fur o`c`nsò nec`stfrs, neo tf Lbkcb bns h`è nooò tb` Lfrsbkp f# sucb spkrkts ns@su, tb` o`vkl, Lbfs` kdng` ks f#tè plncò fe tb` l`#t<bneo sko` f# tb` ètrnec` ketf n pr`dks`s8 @sk, LbffLe ks f#tè ke tb` pkn**n8 Lbklst =#n fr FruedklnAs Frf, Lbkcb cfesksts f# H1 sncrò pnld euts ke n hfLlks gè`rnlly plncò nt tb` sl``pkeg npnrtdèt f# tb` b`no f# tb` bfus`, neo fe ne `l`vntkfe rnksò nhfv` tbnfccupkò hy tb` kdng`s f# ftb`r Frksbns R`pt ke tb` bfus` tf dnrR bks sup`rkfr kdpfrtnec`.

[fruhnes, lkR` dney ftb`r #rkcne trkh`s, dnR` us` f# grfv`s Lbkcb tb`y r`gnro ns sncrò tf sfd` f# tb`kgfos, neo cfes`crntò #fr Lfrsbkp tf tb`d ke cfee`ctkfe Lktb tb`kr koflntry, neo Lbkcb tb`y sfd`tkd`so`skgent` ns D=ghfrfD, k.`., grfv`s sncrò tf tb` spkrkts f# fur nec`stfrs<6 D=ghf @gueD, fr D=ghnl` @guefr DFpnD, D=ghf FsfeykeD, D=ghf Flu+n(Flf#keD, , fr D=ghf Flu+n rndk#`D.




_b` prnctkc` f# npprfprkntkeg keokvkounl tr``s tf purpfs`s f# o`vftkfe ks keoulgò ke hy dney #rkcne trkh`s, kecluokeg tb` [fruhnes.

_b` ]nld tr``, tb` Cfttfe tr``, tb` =rf9f tr``, tb` 9f9f tr``, neo tb` @9k9n, Lbfs` l`nv`s nr` cfddfely

`dplfyò #r`sb fe fccnskfes f# kestnllntkfe tf tb` pfsktkfe neo rneR f# n sfv`r`kge, neo tf tb` f##kc` f# n prk`st f# bkgb rneR, neo tb` Fdkyflf tr``, tb` =pfrfgue neo tb` tfrk sbruhs nr` ndfeg ftb`rs nccfuetòsncrò tr``s neo sbruhs ke [fruhn.

_b` ]nld tr``, fe fccnskfes f# hftb prkvnt` neo puhlkc #`stkvktk`s cfee`ctò Lktb r`lkgkfus Lfrsbkp. ?ts hrnecb`s nr` cfddfely `dplfyò tf o`cfrnt` plnc`s neo fh+`cts f# Lfrsbkp, hftb ns n dnrR f# r`v`rètknlr`gnro neo nofrntkfe neo ns n tfRè f# tb` h`lk`# neo cfe#koèc` f# Lfrsbkpp`rs ke tb`kr okvkektk`s, neo ketb`kr nttrkhut`s nlsf Lbkcb tb` b`kgbt, strègtb, neo ournhklkty f# tb` tr`` kts`l# neo tb` upLnro okr`ctkfe f#kts yfueg`r hrnecb`s nr` r`gnroò ns r`pr`sètkeg, `xnctly ns tb` tr`` Lns r`gnroò ns sncrò hftb hy tb`@trurknes neo tb` Gr``9s, neo tb` FnR hy tb` I`+s neo Gr``9s, neo tb` neckèt b`ntbè entkfes f# Gnulneo 7rktnke.

_b` gr`nt Frncl` f# tb` [fruhn cfuetry ks =#n. 3` ks r`pr`sètò cbk`#ly hy ?0 pnld euts `ncb bnvkeg #rfd#fur tf ?3 fr dfr` `y`l`ts fe tb`d. J`bkeo `ncb fe` f# tb`s` r`pr`sètntkv` euts nr` ?0 suhfrokent`>kvkektk`s. @ncb fe` f# tb` Lbfl` lft ks t`rdò ne Fou <Lbkcb d`nes n cbk`#, n b`no. _bks dnR`s tbèudh`r f# Fou nltfg`tb`r 1M0. J`sko`s tb`s`, tb`r` nr` ?0 ftb`r Fous cfee`ctò Lktb `ncb f# tb` 1M0, neotbks dnR`s tb` Lbfl` eudh`r f# Fous 8N30. 0fd` kecr`ns` tbks lnrg` eudh`r stkll hy ne nooktkfe f# ;Kdfr` tf `ncb f# tb` lnst eudh`r f# Fous, hut tb` ?0 prkeckpnl fe`s nr` tbfs` dfr` #r`)uètly ke r`)uksktkfe

_b`r` ks n s`rk`s f# trnoktkfenl stfrk`s, `ncb f# Lbkcb ks cnllò n rfno, n pntbLny, fr n cfurs`, neo kscfee`ctò Lktb sfd` pnrtkculnr Fou. @ncb Fou ks suppfsò tf bnv` ?N0O3 f# tb`s` stfrk`s cfee`ctò Lktbkt, neo tb`s`, tfg`tb`r Lktb tbfs` f# tb` ftb`r Fous, `v`ry fe` nspkrkeg tf tb` f##kc` f# D 7nhnln+fD, Lbks n okvkekeg fr sncrk#kckeg prk`st, ks `xp`ctò tf cfddkt tf d`dfry, tbfugb scnrc`ly bns ney fe` h`è #fuetf p`r#frd tb` #`nt. Hney l`nre hy b`nrt n v`ry, cfesko`rnhl` eudh`r, rntb`r ne nppr`cknhl` eudh`rcfee`ctò Lktb tb` prkeckpnl Fous. /pfe tb` npp`nrnec` f# ne Zkt fe tb` okvkekeg fr cfesultkeg hfLl, tb`D7nhnln+fD, tbkeRs f# sfd` f# tb` stfrk`s nttncbò tf kt, neo #rfd ney f# tb`d tbnt npp`nrs tf bkd tf sukttb` cns` upfe Lbkcb b` ks cfesultò, b` o`lkv`rs bks Frnculnr r`spfes`, neo pr`scrkh`s tb` sncrk#kc` tbntLfulo h` ncc`ptò.

_b`s`, `ncb f# Lbkcb ks nlLnys r`pr`sètò ke n pnkr, neo ks spfRè f# ns tLf, nr` endò tbus& @;k Fgh`NFy`9ue d`;kN =+frk d`;kN @ok d`;kN 7nrn d`;kN F9nrne d`;kN 5rfsk d`;kN F+nrne d`;kN Fsn d`;kNFgueon d`;kN @tur` d`;kN Fturupfe d`;kN Fs` d`;kN F#u d`;k neo @9n d`;k. @;k fr d`;k d`nes tLf,ofuhl`, fr n pnkr.

@;k Fgh` ks r`gnroò tb` dfst prkeckpnl, D*b` %uxD, fr D=dp`rntfrD neo, D4kegD Lbfs` npp`nrnec` fetb` cfesultkeg hfLl ks nlLnys r`gnroò ns keokcntkeg tb` cfdduekcntkfe f# n d`ssng` f# v`ry gr`ntkdpfrtnec`, skec` `nrtbly sfv`r`kges nr` eft nccustfdò tf cfd` neo stneo fut h`#fr` tb`kr p`fpl`tb`ds`lv`s neo s`t nsko` #fr tb` tkd` h`keg tb`kr r`pr`sètntkv`s fr o`putk`s `xc`pt Lbè tb`cfdduekcntkfe tf h` o`lkv`rò ks fe` f# uecfddfe kdpfrtnec`.

0uhfrokent` Fous nr` cfestktutò neo r`pr`sètò hy tb` cfe+uectkfe f# tLf prkeckpnl Fous nt fe` neo tb`snd` tkd` upfe tb` cfesultkeg neo okvkekeg hfLl, tb` fe` fe tb` rkgbt neo tb` ftb`r fe tb` l`#t, tbks




skdultne`fus npp`nrnec` neo tb`kr cfe+uectkfe uektkeg tf gkv` tb`d tb`kr r`sp`ctkv` end`s, `.g., Lbè @;kFgh` neo Fy`9ue npp`nr tfg`tb`r, tb`y nr` +fkeò tfg`tb`r neo endò Fgh`<=y`9ue8 fr k# @;k Fgh` npp`nr Lktb Fgueon, tb`y nr` hftb tfg`tb`r endò Fgh`(Fgueon, neo sf fe Lktb nll tb` r`st. _b` #krst f#tb` tLf end`s ke cfdhkentkfe ks nlLnys tbnt f# tb` Fou Lbkcb npp`nrs fe tb` l`#t<bneo sko`.

@ncb eut, fr tb` cfll`ctkfe, ks cfddfely o`scrkhò ns =9ke fr 9ke, Lbkcb d`nes n strfeg fe`, n#t`r tb`ybnv` h`è, Lktb ne `lnhfrnt` r`lkgkfus p`r#frdnec`, s`t nsko` #fr tb` sncrò purpfs` f# okvkentkfe. _b`cfll`ctkfe ks usunlly tfppò hy ne =9ke, cnllò ne Fousf, Lbkcb ks r`gnroò ns nhfv` h`keg cfesultò fro`lkv`rkeg n d`ssng`, bèc` tb` pnrnhl`,<

D9ke lk n = pn( n 9k lu FousfD.6e 9ke ks tb` fe` L` dny strkR` #fr okvkentkfe& L` bnv`& ef rkgbt tf strkR` ne Fousu.6

e Do`l`D, fr n 6Zntcb 9ke6, ks tbnt Lbkcb bnppès eft tf h` tnRè up Lktb tb` r`st hy n cfesultkeg prk`st, Lbè b` tnR`s fut Lktb fe` grnsp f# tb` pnld f# bks rkgbt bneo ?0 neo ? Fous #rfd tb` eudh`r f#k9kes ke bks hng fr #rfd tb` #nc` f# bks cfesultkeg hfLl #fr cfesultntkfe neo okvkentkfe. _bks fe`, l`#t h`bkeo, of`s tb` outy f# n R``p`r f# tb` bfus` #fr hftb bkds`l# neo bks cfdrno`s, tkll tb`y sbfulo h`r`tureò tf tb`kr plnc` ngnke.

=#n ks RefLe hy n gr`nt dney o`scrkptkv` neo nttrkhutkv` end`s, ndfeg Lbkcb nr` tb`#fllfLkeg&<6Fruedkln6 93`nvè ks tb` Lks` neo succ`ss#ul rhkt`r fr X`cfeckl`r8 ngnke, 3`nvè, RefLsbkd Lbf Lkll h` snvò fr bfL tf snv`:, 6Flfoudnr`6 9Flfoue, Fdf`r`, Flfou, tb` sfe f# @r`:6=9u#frk;k6 9tb` J`keg Lbfd o`ntb bfefurs neo pnys fh`ksnec` tf:, 6Flk;èk6 9tb` Hnst`r f# tb` s`vètb9tb: ony #`stkvnl:, DFhn Flf#n sue lAflnD 9tb` Xul`r Lbf ornLs hl`sskeg neo prfsp`rkty n#t`r 3kd, neoLbf sl``ps ke tb` dkost f# bfefurs:, D6kekD, tk ks` DFdf FlfekD 9tb` ]fss`ssfr, Lbf ks <tb` 0fe f# tb`gr`nt`r ]fss`ssfr:, D@rketueo`D 9lnugbkeg cfd`s hncR tf tb` Lfrlo, fr tb` J`keg Lbfs` novèt ketf tb`Lfrlo bns hrfugbt hncR tb` lnugb f# +fy neo glnoe`ss:, DF+nD 9tb` J`keg Lbfs` novèt ketf tb` Lfrlo#rfd b`nvè #kllò dè Lktb +fy#ul neo tbneR#ul surprks` Lbkcb cnusò dney tf nsR, 6?s kt _bfu Lbf bnstcfd`6 D=+f lk f +nBD neo tb` J`keg #rfd b`nvè Lbfs` cfestnet cry tf nll ke tb` Lfrlo ks tbnt tb`ysbfulo cfd` tf 3kd:, DF+fN lnrue ;nrueD 9tb` ]nrèt Lbf bns gkvè hkrtb tf #kv` cbklorè neo bns lfstefe` f# tb`d hy o`ntb:, DFluh`sneD fr DFlu(lk khk @sneD 9tb` Cbk`# vèg`r f# Lrfegs:, D@ouD 9tb`JlncR Fe`, fr tb` Gr`nt Fe` Lbfd, ns trnoktkfe snys, trfuhl`s bnv` dn<o` hlncR:, DFp` =#nD 9tb` pnldsncrò tf =#n:, Dl;k9k(tk 9k #Afrk hn l` #Aèk9neD 9tb` J`keg Lbfd nll bfefur Lktb tb` onkly dfrekegsnlutntkfe, hut Lbf ks nhfv` pnykeg r`sp`ct tf ney ftb`r h`keg:, Dhn9u+k;fD 9tb` J`keg Lbfs` pfL`r kssf gr`nt tbnt b` cnlls o`ntb tf nccfuet:, D7nhn y` fdfD 9tb` Wntb`r Lbf r`#l`cts bfefur fe bks cbklorè, frf# Lbfd bks cbklorè dny +ustly h` prfuo:. DF9ktkhkrkN n(pn(f;f k9u onD 9tb` J`keg Lbf, turekeg bkds`l#fv`r ns kt L`r` ke n struggl`, pfstpfe`s #fr bks clkèt tb` ony f# o`ntb:.

>kvkentkfe ks tnRè hy n 7nhnln+f fe n bkgbly `st``dò hrfno ckrculnr hfLl fr #fur cfre`rò #ne f# ndfo`rnt` sk*`, Lbkcb ks gè`rnlly cfv`rò Lktb Lbkt` #lfur #rfd n ory tr``, neo upfe Lbkcb b` LfrRs, neoLktb fe` f# tb` #keg`rs f# tb` rkgbt bneo kdprkets c`rtnke skges, r`pr`sètkeg sucb =#n r`pr`sètntkv`s ns dn h` l`#t ke tb` pnld f# bks l`#t bneo, n#t`r b` bns ntt`dptò Lktb fe` grnsp f# tb` pnld f# bks rkgbt bneo tftnR` up nll tb` ?0, Lb`r` tb`y L`r` nll b`lo. _b`s` sdnll skges fr dnrRs Lbkcb Lfulo r`pr`sèt n eudh`r f`##frts, neo Lfulo h` plncò fe` n#t`r neftb`r bfrk*fetnlly Lfulo, nccfrokeg tf tb`kr eudh`r neo r`sp`ctkv pfsktkfes, r`pr`sèt fe` fr ftb`r f# tb` prkeckpnl fr suhfrokent` Fous, fr >kvkektk`s. Wrfd tbnt Fou fr>kvkekty, neo fe` fr ftb`r f# tb` trnoktkfenl stfrk`s cfee`ctò Lktb kt, neo Lktb tb` nko f# lft cnstkeg neo f#Fp`l`, okvkentkfe ks tnRè neo o`lkv`rò.




=#n, tf sp`nR dfr` prfp`rly, ne Fou o`lkv`rs bks r`spfes`s ke neo tbrfugb tb` cbnee`l f# ]nrnhl`s, Lbkcb`v`ry 7nhnln+f ks `xp`ctò tf h` nhl` tf ket`rpr`t. 3èc` kt ks cfddfely snko&<

F+` ek =#n kpnN

Fdfrne ek kdf(7k n hn +kp` df(Fdfrne n df(


=#n sp`nRs nlLnys ke pnrnhl`s, Lks` dne ks b` Lbf ueo`rstneos bks sp``cb,

Zbè L` sny ueo`rstneo kt_b` Lks` dne nlLnys ueo`rstneos kt,Jut Lbè L` of eft ueo`rstneo kt <

Z` sny kt ks f# ef nccfuet fr tb` pròkctkfe ks eft #ul#kllò.

7nhnln+f dny sfd`tkd`s h` s`è skttkeg fv`r bks =#n JfLl, ntt`dptkeg tf cfesult tb` gfo neo okvke` #fne npplkcnet Lbf ks pr`sèt Lktb bkd, neo Lbf, kt dny h`, o`skr`s tf RefL Lb`tb`r n huske`ss b` tbkeRs f#`dhnrRkeg ke Lfulo prfsp`r. 3` us`s bks =9kes ke tb` dnee`r o`scrkhò nhfv`, neo @;k Fgh`, tb` prkec` f#nll tb` Flfous fr Fous npp`nrs. /pfe tbks b` cnsts lft tf #keo fut #rfd bkd Lbnt tb` huske`ss ks ke r`gnro tLbkcb b` bns h`è nsRò tf cfesult bkd, neo Lbnt tb` r`sult f# `dhnrRkeg ke kt Lfulo h` tf tb` npplkcnet._b` huske`ss RefLe neo kts kssu` #fr`tflo, k# tbks kssu` sbfulo h` #nvfurnhl`, tb` 7nhnln+f dny sfd`tkd` h` b`nro o`lkv`rkeg bkds`l# tbus neo snykeg ndfegst ftb`r tbkegs Lktb tb` nutbfrkty f# @;k Fgh`, f# Lbfs`npp`nrnec` b` Lkll bnv` ke#frdò tb` budhl` npplkcnet<

7k n hn hf f;uN7k n hn hf kdu



Lntk kghn en +n ek n e+kp`. $`K

6?# 9Lbè: L` Lnsb tb` #nc`,?# 9Lbè: L` Lnsb tb` efs`

Z` nr` nccustfdò tf #keksb tb` fp`rntkfe nt tb` hfttfd f# tb` cbke.6

=#n Lns cfesultò #fr Fruedkln fe tb` fccnskfe Lbè b` Lfulo gf tf r`c`kv` nutbfrkty neo pfL`r #rfd tbldkgbty Fe` neo b` f##`rò tb` sncrk#kc` pr`scrkhò tf bkd. #t`r tbks tb` ldkgbty Fe` gnv` bkd

nutbfrkty neo pfL`r.

Zbè tb` p`fpl` f# tb` Lfrlo l`nret tbnt b` bno r`c`kvò nutbfrkty neo pfL`r #rfd tb` ldkgbty, nll f# tb`d h`gne tf #lfcR tf bkd, tf cfesult bkd fe tb`kr n##nkrs.

?t Lns skec` tbè L` bnv` h`è nccustfdò tf sny D s`DK < 6?t Lkll h` ns pròkctò.6




Fp`l`, fr Fp`p`r`, ks ne Frncl` f# ke#`rkfr rneR tf =#n, neo Lbf ks r`gnroò ns bks cfestnet nttèonet neo kcfddfely spfRè f# ns bks slnv`. 3` ks nlLnys r`pr`sètò hy `kgbt #lnt pk`c`s f# Lffo, fr d`tnl, frsfd`tbkeg `ls`, strueg tfg`tb`r ke tLf rfLs f# #fur fe `ncb sko`, plncò nt `)unl okstnec`s #rfd `ncb ftb`rneo +fkeò tfg`tb`r. _b` okspfsktkfe f# fe` fr ftb`r f# tb`s` pk`c`s Lbè tb` Lbfl` èskge ks tbrfLe neodno` tf spr`no fut upfe tb` grfueo Lfulo r`pr`sèt nt fec` n pnrtkculnr Fou8 neo fe` f# Fp`lÀs cbk`#

outk`s ks tf sbfL tf tb` 7nhnln+f Lbnt pnrtkculnr Fou b` sbfulo cfesult upfe n cns` r`#`rrò tf bkd.Fp`l` ks f#tè neo #r`)uètly tbus cfesultò hy 7nhnln+fs, Lbf usunlly cnrry nhfut tb`d kts èskges, h`cnus`, cfesultkeg kt cnrrk`s Lktb kt l`ss lnhfur tbne, neo ks eft sf ok##kcult ns tb` LfrR f# cfesultkeg tb`Hnst`r, =#n, bkds`l#8 hut tbks Lfulo h` fe dntt`rs f# dkefr kdpfrtnec`, neo kts r`spfes` Lfulo h` tbnt f# ns`rvnet #fr bks dnst`r, neo Lbkcb ks eft nlLnys nhsflut`ly r`lkò upfe.

Fp`l` ks `xp`ctò tf h` r`#`rrò tf neo cfesultò `v`ry dfrekeg tbnt n o`vft`` dkgbt RefL Lb`tb`r tb` onLfulo h` #fr bkd prfsp`rfus fr eft neo, k# kt sbfulo h` s`è tf h` n efe<prfsp`rfus fe`, Lbnt sncrk#kc` b`sbfulo f##`r tf cfecklknt` tb` gffoLkll f# bks okvkekty ke fro`r tbnt b` dkgbt cfev`rt tb` ony tf n prfsp`rfusfe` #fr bkd, neo nlsf, tbnt b` dkgbt gè`rnlly s`cur` tb` hl`sskeg f# bks gukonec` neo ftb`r nsskstnec`tbrfugbfut tb` ony8 Lbklst n 7nhnln+f ks `xp`ctò tf frokenrkly cfesult bks =#n `v`ry #k#tb ony, Lbkcb ks tbclfs` f# n L``R f# Fs`s fr Lfrsbkppkeg onys. 3èc` tb` pnrnhl` rues&<

J? F;u df 9k df 9k +f dn sfo` +f ghò` n ghfe non<

J1 7k fek tk rkN fln 9k rk h`N lk f du 9k 7nhnln+f dn on =#n frfrue.

J? D*b`r` ks e`v`r n dfrekeg +bè n 7nhnln+f fr n cfesultkeg ]rk`st of`s eft cfesult bks Fp`l`N ntb`r` ks e`v`r n dfrekeg tbnt n hlnc9sdktb ks eft cnllò upfe tf sbnrpè n cutlnss #fr n #nrd`rD.

J1 D*b` pfsskhklkty f# tfdfrrf+ eft h`keg lk9` tfony ke r`gnro tf tb` `vèts +bkcb dny trnespkr` kektN ks +bnt keouc`s n 7nhnln+f tf cfesult bks =#n neo sncrk#kc` tf kt `v`ry #k#tb onyD .

_b`r` nr` tbr`` grno`s f# prk`sts. s tb` sncrò euts nr` gkvè hy 7nhnln+fs ke tLf s`ts f# skxt`è =9kes neo fe` Fousf tf npplkcnets, tbfs` Lbf r`c`kv` fely tb` #krst s`t, Lbkcb ks cnllò 6_b` Flfrk,6 fr Cbk`#,#frd fe` grno`, neo tbks ks tb` #krst. _bfs` Lbf r`c`kv` hftb tb` #krst neo tb` s`cfeo, Lbkcb ks cnllò 6_b`Frksn6, fr tb` e`xt ke rneR, dnR` neftb`r, tb` s`cfeo grno`8 neo tbfs` Lbf bnv`, `ncb fe` Lktb bks rkgbt#fft ke cfe+uectkfe Lktb tbfs` f# bks fLe 7nhnln+fAs, neo ney f# bks #`llfL fr sèkfr 7nhnln+fAs Lktbbkd, r`stkeg upfe bks fLe neo dfvkeg ke n ckrcl` Lktb bkd, trfooè upfe bks =#n euts o`pfsktò ke n ludp f@9f fr gkok 9cfre#lufr puookeg:, neo Lbf nr` gè`rnlly spfRè f# ns D+fe tk n t` ek =#nD, fr 6_bfs`Lbf nr` trfooè tfg`tb`r Lktb =#n euts,6 #frd tb` tbkro grno`. _bfs` f# tb` #krst grno` nr` ètktlò tfLfrsbkp tb`kr =#n nlLnys, hut eft tf okvke` Lktb kt fr su##`r kt tf h` sf `dplfyò. _bfs` f# tb` s`cfeo grno`cne hftb Lfrsbkp tb`kr fLe neo okvke` Lktb kt, fr su##`r kt tf h` tbus usò8 neo tbfs` tLf #krst nr` spfRè f#ns D+f `gueD, fr D@l`gneD8 Lbklst tbfs` f# tb` tbkro clnss, Lbf bnv` h`è hrfugbt tf tb`kr pfsktkfetbrfugb tb` s`rvkc`s f# Flfous, fr cbk`# 7nhnln+fs, nr`, h`sko`s h`keg ètktlò hftb tf Lfrsbkp tb`kr fLe=#n neo okvke` Lktb kt, nlsf prkvkl`gò tf `nt f# ney sncrk#kc` tbnt dny h` f##`rò tf fr h`#fr` tb` D=ghnFouD, fr tb` cnlnhnsb fr gfuro v`ss`l sncrò tf Fou, n prkvkl`g` Lbkcb ks oèkò tf tbfs` f# tb` #krst tLfgrno`s, ns kt ks tf ney efe<=#n fLekeg dne, fr, ns tb` `ntkeg fut f# n sncrk#kc` f# ney Rkeo f##`rò tf =#n neotbnt Lbkcb bns h`è plncò upfe kt neo ks cnllò =r`#n, ks oèkò tf Lfdè gè`rnlly8 neo nr` nlsf RefLe nD+f FlfouD, tb` ]rkeckpnl =#n Lfrsbkpp`rs.

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_b` c`r`dfey fe tb` pnrt f# tb` 7nhnln+f cfesksts, n#t`r okvkekeg Lktb bks =#2 #fr kt, ke cfll`ctkeg tb` pnldeuts tbnt b` Lfulo cfes`crnt`, hurykeg tb`d ke tb` sflko `nrtb fr nt tb` b`no f# n rkv`r, fr ke sfd` ftb`rcfevèkèt plnc`, tbr`` onys h`#fr` tb` puhlkc p`r#frdnec` f# tb` gkvkeg neo r`c`kvkeg s`rvkc`, hrukskegtb`d, Lnsbkeg tb`d neo tb` cneokont` nlsf Lbè b` ks f# tb` s`cfeo grno`, neo Lbè b` ks snko tf Lnsb tb`

o`vkl nLny #rfd bkds`l# fr Lnsb =#2 Lnt`r, tbks Lnt`r bnvkeg bno Lbnt nr` RefLe ns =#2 l`nv`s hruksò ke èclfskeg tb`d ke tb` snd` Rkeo f# l`nv`s, plnckeg tb` pncR`t fe n plnt` neo sfl`dely o`pfsktkeg kt ke tb` pnlds f# tb` bneos f# tb` cneokont` Re``lkeg h`#fr` bkd Lktb clfsò `y`s, n#t`r b` sbnll bnv` nesL`rò tfbks end` cnllò fut tb` tbkro tkd`, neo Lbè b` Lfulo skgek#y bks glno ncc`ptnec` f# tb` pnrc`l hy tfucbkegbks #fr`b`no neo hr`nst Lktb kt, snykeg 6Hny dy b`no, fr tb` okvkekty f# dy o`stkey, fr dy Cr`ntfr ncc`pt kHy fLe b`nrt ncc`pts kt.6 3` Lkll bnv` pnko tb` #``s pr`scrkhò #fr `v`ry pnrt f# tb` c`r`dfey neo#ureksbò vkctkds neo ftb`r f##`rkegs #fr sncrk#kc`, Lbkcb, ke tb` cns` f# tbfs` f# tb` s`cfeo grno`, nr``xp`ctò tf h`, ke `v`ry kt`d, tb` ofuhl` f# tbfs` prfvkoò hy cneokont`s f# tb` #krst grno`, Lbklst hy nll, nefhs`rvnec` Lktb #`nstkeg ks bno fe tb` tbkro neo fe tb` s`vètb ony r`sp`ctkv`ly f# tb` #frdnl ncc`ptnec`.

_f tb`s` h`lfegs tb` prkvkl`g` f# h`keg lò tf n str`nd f# Lnt`r n#t`r tb` p`r#frdnec` f# tb` nhfv`c`r`dfey, nccfdpnekò hy tb`kr 7nhnln+fs neo tb`kr nsskstnets, tf h` #urtb`r Lnsbò, ke fro`r tf n gr`nt`r purk#kcntkfe, neo `scfrtò bfd` trkudpbnetly Lktb n pnrrftYs tnkl tkgbtly tkò tf `ncb fe`Ys #fr`b`no ns ncfes`crntkfe tfRè, Lktb tb` prnks`s f# =#n fr Fruedkln h`keg lustkly cbnetò n#t`r tb`d.

_b`r` ks tb` c`r`dfey f# `xtkeguksbkeg tb` Fou #kr`<9]kefou, k.`., ]n<ken<fou:. /eo`r kt n cneokont`r`c`kv`s upfe tb` fpè pnlds f# bks bneos, pr`vkfusly neo #r`)uètly okppò ke cfes`crntò =#n Lnt`r,orfppkeg #lnd`s #rfd n e`L lndp lkgbtò Lktb n e`L LkcR neo b`lo hy n 7nhnln+f, neo ruhs tb` ok##`rèt pnrts f# bks hfoy Lktb tb`d, Lktbfut `xp`rkèckeg ney ke+ury. _bks ks ncc`ptò ns n tfRè f# bks bnvkeg h`cfd` n prff# ngnkest tb` #kr` f# skcRe`ss, fr bnvkeg gnkeò n vkctfry fv`r kt neo fv`r h`r`nv`dèt,oksnppfketdèt, fr ney ftb`r trfuhl` neo o`ntb nlsf. 3` ks `scfrtò, n#t`r bks p`r#frdnec`, tf n str`nd, lò hy bks Flu+f neo #fllfLò hy tb` lntt`rYs nsskstnet fr ;kghfen, cnrrykeg fe bks b`no nekdnl neo ftb`rsncrk#kc`s tbnt bnv` h`è f##`rò fe bks h`bnl#, neo bflokeg tb`d tf kt Lktb hftb bneos, tb`y h`keg Lrnppòke n cl`ne Lbkt` sb``t cfv`rò fv`r Lktb hftb n #ke` neo n cfnrs` dnt, neo bnvkeg n rfp` Lfueo tkgbtlynrfueo tb`d. Zbè tb` pnrc`l ks r`dfvò #rfd bks b`no neo tbrfLe ketf neo o`pfsktò ke n duooy pnrt f#tb` str`nd, ketf Lbkcb b` Lfulo o`scèo, bks b`no ks b`lo #frLnro neo kt ks Lnsbò Lktb Lnt`r Lbfsòrfppkegs nr` nllfLò tf #nll fe tb` hueol`, neo Lbkcb tb` str`nd Lfulo cnrry nLny. _bks ks r`gnroò ns ntfRè tbnt nll bks uecl`nee`ss neo nll tb` klls tbnt dkgbt bnv` h`#nllè bkd nr` cnrrkò nLny #rfd bkd.

_b` =ghnou ks n cfv`rò cnlnhnsb, cfetnkekeg #fur sdnll v`ss`ls dno` #rfd cfcfneut sb`lls, cut, `ncb ketftLf pk`c`s ke tb` dkool`, neo Lbkcb bflo h`sko`s sfd`tbkeg ueRefLe tf tb` uekektkntò, fe` n lkttl` duo,neftb`r n lkttl` cbnrcfnl, neo neftb`r n lkttl` cbnlR, neo neftb`r sfd` cndLffo, nll Lbkcb nr` ketèoò tfr`pr`sèt c`rtnke >kvke` nttrkhut`s, neo Lbkcb, Lktb tb` v`ss`ls cfetnkekeg tb`d, r`pr`sèt tb` #fur prkeckpnFous<@;k Fgh`, Fy`9ue d`;k, =hnrn d`;k, neo @ok d`;k<neo tbks cnlnhnsb ks o`pfsktò ke n sp`cknlly neoL`ll<pr`pnrò Lffoè hfx cnllò p`r`. _b` hfx ks r`gnroò ns v`ry sncrò neo ns ne `dhl`d f# >kvkektyneo ks nlsf Lfrsbkppò. ?t ks e`v`r fpèò, `xc`pt fe v`ry sp`cknl neo kdpfrtnet fccnskfes, ns Lbè p`rbnpn s`rkfus ok##`rèc` ks tf h` s`ttlò, neo eft Lktbfut Lnsbò bneos neo f#tè tb` f##`rkeg f# hlffo tf kt,Lbè tb` fpè`r Lfulo, ns n dnrR f# r`v`rèc`, ture bks #nc` nLny #rfd kt ns b` fpès kt, snykeg, D7kfdfo` hn sk ksnN n y` f;ue #ue fru r`D 6?# n cbklo fpès n hfklkeg pft, b` Lfulo ture nLny #rfd tb` b`nt.6Zbnt`v`r ks f##`rò ns n sncrk#kc` tf fr h`#fr` tb` =ghnou ks tf h` `ntè nt fec`8 ef pfrtkfe f# kt ks tf h` l`#tf tb` e`xt ony, neo efe` hut Flfous, k.`., tbfs` Lbf bnv` ueo`rgfe` tb` trndplkeg c`r`dfey, nr` tf pnrtnR` f# kt8 Lbklst tb` rffd Lb`r` kt ks o`pfsktò ks cfesko`rò sf sncrò tbnt ef Lfdne efr ney

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uekektkntò dne ks `v`r p`rdkttò tf èt`r ketf kt, neo tb` offr fpèkeg ketf kt ks gè`rnlly h`nutk#kò LktbcbnlR neo cbnrcfnl cflfurkeg, gkvkeg kt n spfttò npp`nrnec`. Fe` Lbf r`c`kv`s bks =#n Lktb trndplkeg ksusunlly r`c`kvò ketf tbks rffd neo ketf tb` cfdpney f# Lnktkeg neo `xp`ctnet 7nhnln+fs Lktb ducbc`r`dfey, n#t`r b` bns h`è `scfrtò #rfd tb` =ghfou neo b`r` kt ks b` f##`rs bks #krst bfdng` tf =#n n#t`rbks kektkntkfe.

e =ghfou ks n grfv` Lb`r` tb` c`r`dfey f# gkvkeg =#n Lktb trndplkeg ks p`r#frdò hy tb` Fhnlfou, fr tbcbk`# Flfou prk`st, #fr tbfs` Lbf o`skr` tf bnv` kt #rfd bkd. _b` grfv` nlLnys cfetnkes tbr`` `xt`dpfrk*` pnrtktkfes, huklt f# yfueg pnld hrnecb`s neo tb` Fdu sbruh. ?etf tb` #krst f# tb`s` pnrtktkfes ney Lfdne frney uekektkntò p`rsfe dny èt`r, neo b`r` sucb. p`rsfes nr` `xp`ctò tf tnrry ns sp`ctntfrs fr Lnkt`rs. ?etftb` s`cfeo, 7nhnln+fs, neo nll Flfous, nll tbfs` Lbf bnv` r`c`kvò =#n hy trndplkeg nr` prkvkl`gò tf ètneo r`dnke. _b` tbkro ks èt`rò fely hy tb` Fhnlfou, tb` c`r`dfey<p`r#frdkeg prk`st, Lbf Lfulo tnR` tbcneokont` Lktb bkd ketf kt neo Lbf nlsf Lfulo bnv` hrfugbt bks =ghnou ketf kt pr`vkfusly ueo`r cfv`r f#ekgbt tf pr`s`rv` tb` sncrò fh+`ct #rfd puhlkc gn*`, neo tb`r` p`r#frd bks c`r`dfey Lktb tb` nko f# sucb#`llfL Flfou prk`sts ns b` dkgbt bnv` s`è #kt tf kevkt`.

=#n lnys clnkd tf `v`ry plnet ke cr`ntkfe ns sncrò tf bks Lfrsbkp, neo tbus kt ks cfd` tf pnss tbnt upfecfesultntkfe hy n 7nhnln+f, fe` Fou Lkll novks` tb` us` f# tb` l`nv`s f# c`rtnke plnets8 neftb`r Lkll pr`scrkh` fe` f# tb`s`, fr ftb`rs tftnlly ok##`rèt nlfeg Lktb tb`d, neo sf ftb`r Fous. Jut tb` plnets Lbfs`l`nv`s nr` nlLnys ke o`dneo, neo Lbkcb nr` cfesko`rò ns sp`cknlly sncrò tf @;k Fgu, tb` ]rkec` f# nllFous, nr` *`t`, Foueoue, Xèrè, Gh`gk, tb` Frk;k b`rh, lpfy`, fdkek, neo tb` =+`r`;`;` plnet8 hut sfdf# tb`s` nr` RefLe neo o`scrkhò hy sncrò end`s fe fccnskfes f#, fr #fr purpfs`s f# okvkentkfe. _bè tb`l`nv`s f# tb` *`t` b`rh h`cfd` @+` nttònky`, k.`., tb` b`rh tbnt h`tfRès fur sèkfrkty ke fur ètrnec` kettb` Lfrlo8 Xèrè h`cfd`s @+` tutu, tb` b`rh f# pnck#kcntkfe8 neo Gh`gk h`cfd` @+` gkokdfghfyke.

=#n fr Fruedkln ks h`lk`vò tf RefL nll neo `v`rytbkeg neo ks tb`r`#fr` cfesultò upfe `v`ry ckrcudstnecf# lk#`, tbnt f# skcRe`ss eft `xcluoò8 neo b`, tbrfugb n cfesultkeg 7nhnln+f, nlLnys pr`scrkh`s dòkcke`s#fr tb` oks`ns`s r`#`rrò tf bkd8 neo #fr tbks, tb`r` ks n #fueontkfe ke tb` ckrcudstnec` tbnt ke tb` trnoktkfenlsnykegs f# `v`ry Flfou, fr Fou, dètkfe ks nlLnys tf h` #fueo dno` f# su##`r`rs #rfd tbks fr tbnt #frd f#oks`ns` neo f# tb` r`dòk`s tbnt curò tb`d `##`ctunlly. 3èc` `v`ry 7nhnln+f ks e`c`ssnrkly n pbyskckne bks fLe Lny, neo b` ks f#tè r`sfrtò tf hy prf#`sskfenl prnctktkfe`rs #fr cfesultntkfe Lktb =#n #fr nko tftb`d ke tb` `x`rcks` f# tb`kr nrt.

@ln ks `vkoètly fe` f# tb` dney nttrkhutkv` end`s hy Lbkcb =#n ks o`scrkhò, neo n v`ry prkeckpnl fe`ndfeg tb`d. ?t ks n cfetrnctkfe f# tb` t`rd DFrue dklnD, neo ks ketèoò tf r`pr`sèt tb` >kvkekty tf nll ktLfrsbkpp`rs neo o`vft``s, prkeckpnlly ns n 0nvkfur neo >`lkv`r`r, neo fe` tbnt ks strfeg neo dkgbty neo ksuecfe)u`rnhl` hy >`ntb kts`l#, sf tbnt nll tbnt lffR tf bkd #fr b`lp ke trfuhl` neo ngnkest ney ftb`r `vkl,o`ntb eft `xcluoò, Lkll #keo tbnt tb`kr cfe#koèc` bns eft h`è dksplncò8 neo tbks, nltbfugb tb` end` ksf#tè usò ns k# kt r`pr`sètò n s`pnrnt` neo okstkect >kvke` p`rsfenlkty, neo nltbfugb n s`pnrnt` neo okstker`pr`sètntkv` èskge dno` f# pk`c`s f# kvfry, cnrrykeg #fur `y`l`ts `ncb neo cfrr`spfeokeg ke eudh`r tftb` =#n pnld euts 9=9ke: Lbkcb, Lktb fe` Fousf, nr` ?, nr` cbfsè neo `dplfyò tf r`pr`sèt bkd.

3` ks sfd`tkd`s o`scrkhò ke sfegs f# prnks`s neo ke ftb`r sp``cb`s ns D@ln fdf FskeD @ln tb` cbklo f#DFskeD 9tb` Xul`r:8 sfd`tkd`s ns D@ln fdf Fykgk JFykgkykgk Ftn fdkD @ln tb` f##sprkeg f# n stfe`, k.`.tb` bnro stfe` #rfd tb` hò f# n sprkeg f# Lnt`r 9ne `dhl`d f# gr`nt strègtb:, n )unlkty Lbkcb h`lk`vò ke,ènhl`s o`vft``s tf koètk#y tb`ds`lv`s Lktb bkd, neo r`gnro tb`ds`lv`s #r`` ke cfes`)uèc` #rfd o`ntb, f prft`ctò ngnkest kt, neo sny nlsf Lbè tb`y utt`r tb` nhfv` prnks`, D+n ok FykgkykgkN n 9k f 9u dfD, 6Z

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F _bfu, fur Lfrtby Wntb`r_b` 0fe Lbf bnst o`scèoò #rfd b`nvè tf tbks `nrtb

Zbf bnst plncò us ke tb` Lfrlo<_bfu fur Lfrtby Wntb`r

_b` c`r`dfey cfee`ctò Lktb tb` gkvkeg f# @ln tf fe` npplykeg #fr kt ks koètkcnl Lktb tbnt Lktb Lbkcb =#n gkvè tf tbfs` Lbf cfd` ueo`r tb` #krst tLf grno`s f# r`ckpkèts Lbf nr` gè`rnlly spfRè f# ns +f @gneneo ornLhncRs neo prkvkl`g`s nr` lkR` tbfs` tf h` #fueo ke hftb cns`s.

_b` dnl` s`x ks tb` s`x Lbkcb pnrtkculnrly gkv`s kts`l# tf =#n Lfrsbkp. _b`r` nr`, bfL`v`r, tkd`s Lbèokvkentkfes dny r`cfddèo neo pr`scrkh` tbnt Lfrsbkp tf n Lfdne. Zbè`v`r tbks sbfulo h` tb` cns`, nLfdne Lfulo r`c`kv` #rfd n 7nhnln+f fely fe` =9ke fr Cfes`crntò ]nld eut cnllò @9f, Lbkcb sb`Lfulo cnrry nhfut b`r hfoy #fr b`r prft`ctkfe, neo Lbè`v`r okvkentkfe sbfulo r`cfddèo neo pr`scrkh` tb`r sncrk#kc` tf =#n, sb` Lfulo, #fr tb` tkd` h`keg, bneo fv`r b`r @9f `ktb`r tf b`r bushneo fr tf b`r hrftb`fr ney ftb`r dnl` r`lntkv` nccfrokeg tf pr`scrkptkfe, Lbf Lfulo kecluo` kt ke bks fLe =9kes #fr tb` purpfs`f# tb` Lfrsbkp neo sncrk#kc` ke Lbkcb sb` Lfulo pnrtkckpnt`.

_b`r` ks n pnrtkculnr ]nld tr`` tbnt ks RefLe hy tb` end` f# Fp`(=#n, fr tb` =#n ]nld tr``, h`cnus` tbntclnss f# pnld tr``s cfddfely yk`lo euts cnrrykeg #fur `y`l`ts `ncb, neo tb`s` nr` tb` fely euts `dplfyò ke=#n Lfrsbkp, neo nr` o`vftò tf kt. _b`y nr` r`gnroò sncrò tf tbks purpfs`, neo nr` f#tè spfRè f# ns@9urfnk;`, k.`. 6%uts tbnt nr` eft tf h` `ntè68 neo k# euts cnrrykeg tLf fr tbr`` `y`l`ts sbfulo h` #fueondfeg tb`s` yk`loò hy sucb tr``s, tb`s` Lfulo h` cnllò @9ur<Fsfsn<k.`., tb` pnld euts Lbfs` h`nutybns o`s`rtò tb`d tbrfugb tb` lfss f# fe` fr dfr` `y`l`ts <fsf(sn.

_b` cfst f# supplykeg =#n tf n cneokont` vnrk`s #rfd8 SM tf S?M3, neo dfr`, nccfrokeg tf tb` ckrcudstnec`sf# tb` keokvkounl8 neo f#tè cbklorè nr` pnLeò, slnv`s sflo, neo ftb`r sncrk#kc`s dno` tf rnks` tb` #ueose`c`ssnry tf cfv`r tb` `xpès` f# tb` `lnhfrnt` c`r`dfey.

_b`r` nr` ftb`r frncl`s8 hut sfd` f# tb`s` nr` lfcnl, neo nr` r`sfrtò tf fely hy pnrtkculnr trkh`s frtfLesbkps, `.g., tb`r` ks tb` Frf =lnr` f# =;`sbn lneo, Lbkcb ks snko tf cfd` ofLe #rfd b`nvè tf =lnr` frky`, fr tb` Lfrlo, fec` n y`nr, tf h` Lnktò upfe hy tbfs` Lbf dny e`ò bks Frnculnr nsskstnec`, neoLbfs` t`dpfrnry r`skoèc` ks nlLnys n grfv`, Lb`r` b` ks nlLnys nttèoò hy ne +frf Frf =lnr` tkll bksr`ture tf b`nvè. _b` +frf Lfulo o`lkv`r bks r`spfes`s tf ke)ukr`rs. 3ks novèt ks nlLnys lffRò #frLnrotf Lktb +fy, neo tb` puhlkc rfnos neo tbfrfugb#nr`s f# n tfLe nr` nlLnys sp`cknlly cl`neò neo put ke fro`r#fr bks r`c`ptkfe, Lbklst tb` eudh`r f# dè neo Lfdè r`pnkrkeg tf tb` grfv` #fr bks Frnculnr nsskstnec` ksnlLnys lnrg`. _b`r` nr` sucb okvkektk`s ns Fsue, [`dn;n, Fsfsk neo @l`ghnrn, \c., Lbkcb nr` f#tècfesultò, dfstly hy Lfdè, uskeg skxt`è cfLrk`s #fr tb`kr cfesultkeg skges8 neo ndfeg sfd` f# tb`trkh`s, @lu9u neo g`df, Lbkcb nlsf nr` r`gnroò ns pfss`sskeg ducb pròkctkeg cnpnckty, neo nr` f#tèr`sfrtò tf, ns tb`kr pròkctkfes nr` nlLnys `st``dò ke#nllkhl`.

e Fgh`rk fr lgh`rk ks fe` tbnt ks eft kektkntò ketf tb` dyst`rk`s f# tb` r`lkgkfe Lktb Lbkcb n 7nhnln+f,#rfd tb` entur` f# bks f##kc`, ks `xp`ctò tf h` #ully nc)unketò.

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_b` Cfln<#rukt bflos n v`ry kdpfrtnet neo sncrò plnc`. Jftb kt neo tb` tr`` h`nrkeg kt nr` cfesko`rò sncrò@v`ry Frksbn ks Lfrsbkppò Lktb tb` #rukt, Lbklst n LffodneYs nx` sbfulo fe ef nccfuet h` lnko upfe tb`tr``. 3èc` tb` pnrnhl` Lbkcb ks cfddfely b`nro, DFrksn tk f yne kgk fhk lk nyfN fe(lk f on n+fe kyfu9uelk @ru( 9k kyf =on hn Frksn ;n yns`hk @9` ntk @yf ek k h` kgk fhk oneu fD 6_b` okvkekty tbnt bnscbfsè tb` Cfln tr`` ns bks sp`cknlly vnluò neo lfvò r`pr`sètntkv` bns dno` nll ftb`r tr``s suhs`rvkèt tf

kt. Z` nr` eft nccustfdò tf ornL fut tb` sLfro tf #kgbt n okvkekty Lktb8 neo ef fe` hut n lknr neo n p`r#kokfus p`rsfe `v`r tbkeRs f# cuttkeg ofLe neo tbrfLkeg nLny n Cfln tr``.6 _b` #rukt ks v`ry cfddfelyneo `xtèskv`ly `dplfyò hy dè neo Lfdè nll fv`r tb` cfuetry #fr purpfs`s f# cfesultntkfe neookvkentkfe, tb` dn+frkty uskeg kt ns k# tb`y sfugbt okvkentkfe tbrfugb kt, `ncb fe`, #rfd bks fLe gfo, fr ns k#kt L`r` n okvkekty hy kts`l#, Lbklst 7nhnln+fs neo ftb`r ket`llkgèt p`rsfes us` kt Lktb tb` ko`n tbntokvkentkfe ks h`keg sfugbt #fr #rfd =#2 Lktb kt. ?t ks cfddfely splkt ketf bnlv`s neo tbrfLe upfe tb` grfuens ks nlLnys ofe` Lktb Fp`l`, tb` pfsktkfe nssudò tbè hy tb` pk`c`s, `ktb`r tbnt ke Lbkcb tb`kr #nc`s nr`tureò upLnros fr tbnt ke Lbkcb tb`y nr` tureò ofLeLnros, fr tbnt ke Lbkcb sfd` lffR upLnros neo ftb`rlffR ofLeLnros nt fe` neo tb` snd` tkd`, h`keg ueo`rstffo tf o`clnr` `ktb`r gffo fr `vkl, ns tb` cns` dny h`, cnr` h`keg cfddfely tnRè pr`vkfusly tf pr`cò` tbks c`r`dfey Lktb n lkhntkfe f# pur` neo cl`ne Lnt` pfurò fut upfe tb` grfueo ke budhl` Lfrsbkp f# tb` gfo @nrtb, tb` pnrèt, n#t`r n sfrt, f# nll dneRkeo, ns#rfd kt L` bnv` nll h`è hrfugbt ketf `xkstèc`, neo upfe Lbfs` sur#nc` tb` splkt Cfln pk`c`s Lfulo h`tbrfLe #fr okvkentkfe.

?t ks sfd`tkd`s o`scrkhò ke prnks`s hy tb` bfefurnhl` tktl` f# 67nhn, nh`h` flfrne 9u sk frne, Frneflfrne lk fhk k 9u sk6. 6Fur #ntb`r Lbf ket`rcò`s ke neftb`r p`rsfeYs dntt`r tkll b` ok`s fv`r kt8 Cfln kscfddfely put tf o`ntb fv`r ftb`r p`fpl`Ys n##nkr6, Lbkcb ks `vkoètly ketèoò #fr tb` okvkekty Lbkcb ktr`pr`sèts, neo Lbkcb r`#`rs tf bks LfrR f# ket`rc`sskfe h`tL`è pnrtk`s nt vnrknec` Lktb `ncb ftb`r Lktb nvk`L tf p`nc` dnRkeg, neo tbnt o`ntb fv`r kt Lbkcb kt ètnkls fe bkd, neo Lbkcb, tfg`tb`r Lktb n #urtb`rokvkskfe ketf plugs neo ketf sdnll`r pk`c`s, neo ne kddòknt` dutunl cfesudptkfe f# tb`d hy tb` pnrtk`sket`r`stò ke tb` p`nc` dnRkeg, neo tb`kr r`sp`ctkv` #rkèos, cfe#krd neo s`n( tb` p`nc` dno`. ?t ks tbksckrcudstnec` tbnt bns gkvè rks` tf tb` pbrns` sf f#tè usò, D tk pn fhk sk frne enD. 6Z` bnv` splkt Cflnfv`r tb` dntt`r,6 Lbkcb ks `)unl tf snykeg, 6Z` bnv` s`ttlò tb` dntt`r.6

?t, fr tb` gfo kt r`pr`sèts, ks f#tè spfRè f# ns fe` Lbfs` ètr`nty fr ket`rc`sskfe ks fe ef nccfuet tf h`r`#usò8 bèc` tb` snykeg, D@hfrnD, fr6@hf(nrn 9k 9f `h` #ue fhk6. 6_b` gfos nr` eft ke tb` bnhkt f# r`#uskeg tf lkstè neo ncc`pt ètr`nty frket`rc`sskfe #rfd tb` Cfln eut86 neo kt ks tbks tbnt bns sugg`stò tb` pr`sètntkfe f# Cfln euts ndfegst ftb`tbkegs hy n suktfr #fr tb` bneo f# n yfueg Lfdne ke dnrrkng` tf tb` pnrèts, urgkeg Lktb tb`d bks sukt, bkso`skr` neo r`)u`st #fr n h`trftbnl, neo bks prny`r #fr tb`kr ncc`ptnec` f# kt.

_b`r` nr` ndfeg tb` b`ntbès tbfs` ke fur cfuetry Lbf prf#`ss tf `x`rcks` tb` f##kc` f# sp`nRkeg Lktb tbò`no, neo f# h`keg dòkuds f# cfdduekcntkfes #rfd tb`d tf tb` lkvkeg, neo Lbf nr` RefLe ns D+fehf9usfrfD<sp`nR`rs Lktb tb` o`no<neo Lbfs` o`lkv`rnec`s bnv` gè`rnlly h`è #fueo tf h` tru`. Jut tb`syst`d of`s eft npp`nr tf h` sf `lnhfrnt` Lktb tb`d ns kt ks Lktb tb`kr #`llfL<prf#`ssfrs ke @urfp` neod`rkcn.

_b`r` ks n gr`nt vnrk`ty f# sncrk#kc`, neo `ncb pr`scrkhò sncrk#kc` fr `ncb s`t f# sucb n sncrk#kc` tnR`s ktsend` gè`rnlly #rfd tb` fh+`ct #fr Lbkcb kt ks f##`rò. dfeg tb`d dny h` dètkfeò tb` #fllfLkeg&<_b`Xò`dptkfe sncrk#kc`8 tb` `xcbneg` sncrk#kc`8 tb` L`nltb neo tb` lfeg`vkty sncrk#kc`8 tb` sncrk#kc` #frr`cfv`ry #rfd klle`ss neo #fr pr`vètkeg o`ntb < tbfs` #fr tb` pfss`sskfe f# strègtb, neo #fr tb` nvfkokeg flfss`s f# ney Rkeo8 tbfs` #fr prft`ctkfe ngnkest h`keg n cnus` f# trfuhl` tf fe`Ys fLe s`l#8 tbfs` ngnkest

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h`keg succ`ss#ully plfttò ngnkest8 tbfs` ngnkest n #kr` ncckoèt, neo #fr tb` r`dfvnl f# orfugbt fr tb` pr`vètkfe fr tb` c`ssntkfe f# n #lffo f# rnke8 tbnt #fr nttnkekeg tf sfd` tktl` neo f##kc` f# okgekty, neo tbnt#fr s`curkeg n lfeg è+fydèt f# tb` f##kc`, `sp`cknlly k# b` Lbf s``Rs kt bno h`è tflo h`#fr`bneo tbrfugb=#n okvkentkfe tbnt bks è+fydèt f# kt Lfulo eft h` lfeg8 tbnt #fr s`curkeg tb` skge fr dnrR fe fe`Ys#fr`b`no tbnt Lfulo nssur` bkd f# bks sn#`ty #rfd tb` npprfncb neo tfucb f# tb` neg`l f# >`ntb, neo f#

vkctfry neo trkudpb fv`r ok##kcully neo trfuhl` < neo tbnt #fr nc)ukrkeg sup`rkfrkty tf ftb`rs, \c._b`s` vnrkfus sncrk#kc`s dètkfeò, h`keg ntfe`dèt sncrk#kc`s, sugg`st tb` `xkstèc` frkgkenlly ke tb` dkef# tb` ]ngne [fruhne tbnt ske neo tb` neg`r f# ne f##èoò gfo nr` tb` cnus` f# tb` vnrkfus klls keckoètnl tbudne lk#`& tbnt hl`sskegs nr` tf h` bno fely #rfd bkd neo nccfrokeg tf bks Lkll, neo tbnt #fr tbks b` ks tf h` prfpktkntò hy d`nes f# sncrk#kc` neo f##`rkeg, skec` b` Lbf o`skr`s tb`d ks n skee`r.

ekdnls #fr sncrk#kc` rneg` #rfd r`ptkl`s tf dne. H`nt<f##`rkeg kecluo`s nll vnrk`ty f# #ffo neo orkeR8 hut#fr `v`ry pnrtkculnr sncrk#kc` n c`rtnke vkctkd ks pr`scrkhò, neo sfd`tkd`s tb` snd` nekdnl dny h` pr`scrkhò #fr dfr` tbne fe` sncrk#kc`8 neo sf kt ks Lktb d`nt neo orkeR f##`rkegs, `g., ngnkest o`ntb keskcRe`ss, n sb``p, neo #fr lfeg`vkty, n ofg8 #fr strègtb tf tb` hfoy, n rnd sb``p neo n cfcR8 ngnkest lfss`s,n hnsR`t f# `ggs, dfst f# Lbkcb nr` usunlly `dplfyò Lktb l`nv`s sncrò tf =#n8 ngnkest h`keg lkò upfe,ofd`stkc pkg`fes neo pnld eut sb`lls8 ngnkest trfuhl` neo dks#frtue`, rnts8 ngnkest orfugbt, sdnll crnhs#rfd Lbkcb Lnt`r orfps `ncb tkd` `ncb dnR`s n l`np8 ngnkest n #lffo #rfd kec`ssnet rnke fr #fr cfe#uskfe fn plft, senkls8 ngnkest n #kr` ncckoèt, n Lklo bfg fr n oucR Lktb ok##`rèt Rkeos f# =#n l`nv`s8 #fr vkctfry ke tkd` f# Lnr n rnd sb``p neo ne flo cfcR tfg`tb`r8 ngnkest tb` o`ntb f# n v`ry yfueg cbklo, n bè tbnt bnobno cbkcRès8 tf h` p`rdkttò tf cfd` tf n tktl` neo #fr tb` o`structkfe f# n plft, n Lklo bfg.

_b`y nr` sfd`tkd`s huret Lktb #kr`, neo ke sfd` cns`s, lkR` tbnt f# tb` =rnpnon fr Xò`dptkfe f##`rkeg, tbLbfl` vkctkd ks rfnstò Lktb #kr` Lktbke offrs tkll kt ks ròucò tf nsb`s, neo n#t`r tbks Lnt`r ks tbrfLe ketftb` b`nrtb #rfd h`bkeo kt tf `xtkeguksb tb` #kr`, neo nll tb` nsb`s neo #kr`<hrneos nr` cfll`ctò neo tnRèfutsko`, neo ns Lktb nll ftb`r f##`rkegs neo gk#ts tf @su fr 0ntne nr` plncò fe n puhlkc rfno #fr bkd.0fd`tkd`s tb`y nr` tnRè fut f# tb` tfLe nlkv` neo ncrfss n rkv`r, k# ney ks e`nr nt bneo, neo l`#t ke tb` husLb`r`tf tb`y nr` suppfsò tf h`nr tb` ske, guklt neo trfuhl` f# tb` f##`r`r Lbkcb bno h`è trnes#`rrò tftb`d. 0fd`tkd`s tb`y nr` tbrfLe ketf n rkv`r tf h` cnrrkò nLny hy kt Lktb tb` f##`r`rYs ske neo sfrrfL.0fd`tkd`s tb`y nr` hurkò ke tb` `nrtb, Lktb fr Lktbfut n cbnke nttncbò tf tb`d, neo n pfrtkfe f# kt stneokefe tb` sur#nc`, tb` suh+`ct #fr Lbfd tb` sncrk#kc` ks f##`rò dnRkeg n sl``pkeg plnc` f# tb` spft tf nssur`bkds`l# f# tb` prft`ctkfe neo s`curkty sfugbt #fr neo nll`gò tf h` gkvè, neo Lbkcb tb` cbnke sydhflk*`s.0fd`tkd`s tb`y nr` plncò nt tb` òg` f# n rkv`r. 0fd`tkd`s ns ke tb` cns` f# @hf hn, k.`., n purpfs`sncrk#kc` fr n sncrk#kc` tf tb` okvkekty f# purpfs` fr tbnt okvkekty Lbkcb ènhl`s fe` tf dnR` n purpfs`, neo@hf s`, k.`., ne nccfdplksbdèt sncrk#kc` fr n sncrk#kc` tf tb` okvkekty f# Lkll tbnt nccfdplksb`s bks purpfs` fr ènhl`s n dne tf nccfdplksb n purpfs`, tb` hlffo f# n sncrk#kcò vkctkd ks sprkeRlò #krst upfetb` rkgbt lket`l, Lbkcb ks sncrò tf tb` lnhn, neo tbè upfe tb` l`#t lket`l, Lbkcb ks sncrò tf tb` lns`, neon#t`r tbks, upfe tb` sur#nc` f# tb` offr bnegkeg fe fe` f# tb`d, sfd` f# tb` #`ntb`rs f# n #fLl fr ftb`rLkegò nekdnl f##`rò h`keg n##kxò nt tb` snd` tkd` tf `ncb hlffo<sprkeRlò sur#nc`, Lbklst tb` #l`sb f# tbvkctkd ks `ktb`r rfnstò fr hfklò neo `ntè nltfg`tb`r )ukcRly neo ke n stneokeg pfstur`. 0fd`tkd`s tb`sncrk#kc` ks tnRè nt fec` futsko` neo l`#t fe n str``t fr sfd` bkgbLny, ns ke tb` cns` f# neftb`r @hf =rnpn fr =rnpnon, n rò`dptkfe fr `xcbneg` f##`rkeg, Lbkcb cfesksts f# n ?0<LkcRò lndp lkgbtò, neo Lbkcb ksusunlly `dplfyò ke tb` cns` f# tb` s`rkfus klle`ss f# ne kdpfrtnet p`rsfe tf cbneg` bks #nt` neo o`lkv`r bkd#rfd o`ntb. 0fd`tkd`s tb`y nr` tbrfLe #rfd fe` prk`st tf neftb`r, tb`y stneokeg tfg`tb`r ke n strnkgbt lke`ns ke tb` cns` f# @hf gh`sf fr tb` b`nv` f##`rkeg, Lbkcb ks eft tf h` su##`rò tf #nll tf tb` grfueo ourkegtb` p`r#frdnec` f# tb` `x`rcks`, tb` fh+`ct sfugbt h`keg tf s`cur` tb` f##`r`r ngnkest tb` trkudpb f# bks

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è`dk`s fv`r bkd. 0fd`tkd`s tb`y nr` lkvkeg cr`ntur`s, l`#t tf h` o`vfurò hy ftb`r lkvkeg cr`ntur`s, ns ketb` cns` f# n sncrk#kc` ke Lbkcb s`vè v`ry yfueg cbkcRès nr` usunlly `dplfyò, neo tnRè fut tf sfd` puhlkc bkgbLny neo l`#t tb`r` tf h` o`vfurò hy bnLRs, tb` o`ntb f# tb` keokvkounl #fr Lbfd kt ks f##`rò h`keg suppfsò tf h` suhstktutò #fr neo nv`rtò hy tbnt f# tb` cbkcRès. 0fd`tkd`s tb` b`no f# tb` f##`r`rks str`nRò Lktb tb` hlffo f# tb` vkctkd, `xbkhktkeg bkd ns fe` #fr Lbfd ne ntfe`dèt bns h`è dno`, neo

nssurkeg bkd tb`r`hy f# bks ncc`ptnec`, ns ke tb` cns` f# tb` @hf ksndk, fr tb` skge<dnrRkeg sncrk#kc`, Lb`sfd` f# tb` hlffo f# tb` vkctkd ks dkxò hy tb` 7nhnln+f neo bk nsskstnet, tb` ;kghfen, Lktb hftb duoneo sfd` hruksò sncrò fr =#2 l`nv`s ke n sncrò grfv` #rfd Lbkcb tb` pr`pnrntkfe ks usunlly hrfugbt futc`r`dfekfusly #fr tbfs` Lnktkeg #fr kt, tf h` `dplfyò ke dnrRkeg tb`kr #fr`b`nos ke fro`r tf s`cur` tf tb`d`scnp` #rfd o`ntb neo nssur` tb`d f# kt. _b`s` dny h` b`nro snykeg neo skegkeg ndfegst tb`ds`lv`s, 6@ok.`., 9Fruedkln: tk sn ek lk ndk n 9f 9u df, =+`r`;`;` ek @ou #k sndk6. 6@ou, fr Fruedkln, bns dnrRò uL` sbnll eft ok` ngnke. ?t ks tb` l`n# f# tb` =+`r`;`;` b`rh b` bns `dplfyò ke ofkeg kt6. 0fd`tkd`s nef##`r`rYs bneos nr` lnko upfe tb` vkctkd h`#fr` kt ks slnke #fr tb` trnes#`rrkeg f# bks guklt neo o`ntb tf kt, neont ftb`r tkd`s tb` f##`r`r tfucb`s bks b`no Lktb tbnt f# tb` vkctkd fr tb` hfoy f# tb` vkctkd ks pnssò fv`rneo dno` tf tfucb `v`ry pnrt f# tb` hfoy f# bkd #fr Lbfd kt ks f##`rò, ns ks tb` cns` Lktb tb` D@hu kpnrffrkD, tb` sncrk#kc` #fr `xcbnegkeg fr suhstktutkeg fe`Ys b`no, #nt`, fr o`stkey Lktb tbnt f# neftb`r. 0fd`tkd`sncrk#kc`s nr` `ntè n#t`r tb`y bnv` h`è f##`rò up, neo sfd`tkd`s tb`y nr` eft tf h` `ntè, `sp`cknlly Lb`tb`y nr` f##`rò #fr fe` ke n oneg`rfus klle`ss. 0fd`tkd`s ke n cns` lkR` tbks tb` sncrk#kc` ks hurkò ke tb``nrtb Lktb tb` hòokeg neo cfv`rkeg f# tb` skcR p`rsfe, neo bks hfoy ks Lnsbò fv`r tb` spft k# b` ks nhl` tfstneo kt. 0fd`, lkR` @hf Fsu, nr` tf h` `ntè nt fec`, ns sffe ns tb`y bnv` h`è f##`rò up, ns ks tb` cns`Lktb `ktb`r tb` hn fr tb` s` sncrk#kc`, neo uelkR` kt, nr` eft tf h` su##`rò tf r`dnke tf tb` e`xt ony. 0fdnr` nttncbò tf n lkgbt #ne suspèoò upfe n pfl` #krdly plnetò ke tb` grfueo neo l`#t tf h` Lnvò nhfut hytb` Lkeo. 0fd` vkctkds nr` pnrnoò tbrfugb n tfLe, ckty, fr vkllng` #fr Lbfs` L`l#nr` tb`y nr` tf h`sncrk#kcò, neo sfd`tkd`s tb`y nr` ornggò nhfut nlsf fe tb` sflko grfueo h`#fr` tb`y nr` sncrk#kcò ke fro`tbnt tb`y dkgbt cnrry nLny Lktb tb`d tb` ske, guklt, neo o`ntb f# tb` kebnhktnets, neo ftb`r trfuhl`s tf Lbkckt dny h` tb`y nr` lknhl`.

3udne sncrk#kc`s bnv` h`è prnctksò hy nll tb` ok##`rèt s`ctkfes f# tb` [fruhn entkfe neo ftb`r Z st#rkcne trkh`s, `sp`cknlly nt p`rkfokcnl #`stkvnls neo fe ftb`r gr`nt fccnskfes8 hut tkll tb` r`cèt cfe)u`st ftb` Rkegofd f# %nbfd`y 9fe tb` @nst f# tb` [fruhn Rkegofd: hy ^rnec`, neo tb` uer`skstò neo hlffol`ss cfe)u`st neo nee`xntkfe f# tb` gr`nt neo pfL`r#ul Rkegofd f# sbnet`` 9fe tb` 0futb<`nst: hyGr`nt Jrktnke, tb`y L`r` v`ry cfddfe neo nhueonet ke tb`d ke cfee`ctkfe Lktb tb`kr r`sp`ctkv` nec`strnlLfrsbkp.

_b` Rkeg f# %nbfd`y ks r`pfrtò, ns #nr hncR ns ?008, tf bnv` huklt n rfynl o`no<bfus`, tb` dfrtnr f# Lbkcbno h`è dkxò Lktb budne hlffo.

?e [fruhn tb` budne vkctkd cbfsè #fr sncrk#kc`, neo Lbf dny h` `ktb`r n #r``<hfre fr n slnv`, n p`rsfe f#efhl` fr L`nltby pnrètng`, fr fe` f# budhl` hkrtb, ks, n#t`r b` bns h`è cbfsè neo dnrRò fut #fr tb` purpfs`, cnllò ne Flu+f.

3` ks nlLnys L`ll #ò neo efurksbò neo supplkò Lktb Lbnt`v`r b` sbfulo o`skr` ourkeg tb` p`rkfo f# bkscfe#ke`dèt. Zbè tb` fccnskfe nrrkv`s #fr bkd tf h` sncrk#kcò neo f##`rò up, b` ks cfddfely lò nhfutneo pnrnoò tbrfugb tb` str``ts f# tb` tfLe fr ckty f# tb` 0fv`r`kge Lbf Lfulo sncrk#kc` bkd #fr tb` L`ll< h`keg f# bks gfv`redèt neo f# `v`ry #ndkly neo keokvkounl ueo`r kt, ke fro`r tbnt b` dkgbt cnrry f## tb` skeguklt, dks#frtue` neo o`ntb f# nll Lktbfut `xc`ptkfe. sb`s neo cbnlR Lfulo h` `dplfyò tf bko` bkskoètkty hy tb` fe` h`keg #r``ly tbrfLe fv`r bks b`no, neo bks #nc` pnketò Lktb tb` lntt`r, Lbklst keokvkounl

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Lfulo f#tè rusb fut f# tb`kr bfus`s tf lny tb`kr bneos upfe bkd tbnt tb`y dkgbt tbus trnes#`r tf bkd tb`krske, guklt trfuhl`, neo o`ntb. _bks pnrnokeg ofe`, b` ks tnRè tbrfugb n t`dpfrnry sncrò sbò f# pnld neoftb`r tr`` hrnecb`s, neo `sp`cknlly f# tb` #frd`r, tb` =ghfou neo tf kts #krst okvkskfe, Lb`r` dney p`rsfesdkgbt #fllfL bkd, neo tbrfugb n s`cfeo Lb`r` fely tb` cbk`#s neo ftb`r v`ry kdpfrtnet p`rsfes dkgbt`scfrt neo nccfdpney bkd tf, neo tf n tbkro Lb`r` fely tb` 7nhnln+f neo bks f##kcknl nsskstnet, tb`

;kghfen, nr` p`rdkttò tf èt`r Lktb bkd. 3`r`, n#t`r b` bkds`l# bns gkvè fut fr stnrtò bks lnst sfeg,Lbkcb ks tf h` tnRè up hy tb` lnrg` nss`dhly f# p`fpl` Lbf Lkll bnv` h`è Lnktkeg tf b`nr bks lnst Lfro fbks lnst grfne, bks b`no ks tnRè f## neo bks hlffo f##`rò tf tb` gfos. _b` neefuec`dèt f# bks lnst Lfro frbks lnst grfne b`nro neo tnRè up hy tb` p`fpl`, Lfulo h` n skgenl #fr +fy, glnoe`ss neo tbneRsgkvkeg, neo#fr orud h`ntkeg neo oneckeg, ns ne `xpr`sskfe f# tb`kr grntk#kcntkfe h`cnus` tb`kr sncrk#kc` bns h`èncc`ptò, tb` okvke` Lrntb ks npp`nsò, neo tb` prfsp`ct f# prfsp`rkty fr kecr`nsò prfsp`rkty nssurò.

sb``p fr ney ftb`r hrut` cr`ntur` cbfsè ns n vkctkd #fr n prfpktkntfry sncrk#kc` #fr fe` Lbf o`skr`s tfcfd` tf n gr`nt neo kdpfrtnet puhlkc f##kc`, neo ke r`sp`ct f# Lbfd =#n bno pròkctò n sbfrt è+fydèt f#tb` pfsktkfe neo ne `nrly r`dfvnl #rfd kt tf dnR` rffd #fr neftb`r p`rsfe Lbf Lfulo è+fy kt lfeg`r,Lfulo h` skdklnrly pnrnoò tbrfugb tb` tfLe tbnt kt dkgbt h` lfnoò Lktb tb` kll<Lkll Lbkcb bks è`dk`s nr` h`lk`vò tf èt`rtnke ngnkest neo Lksb tb` f##`r`r neo Lktb tb` o`ntb prfefuecò ngnkest bkd, neo Lbèn#t`r tbks kt ks h`keg lò hncR ketf bks bfus` kt Lfulo h` cluhhò tf o`ntb nt fec` nt tb` ètrnec` hy sfd`sp`cknlly nppfketò p`rsfes.

3udne sncrk#kc`s nr` gè`rnlly f##`rò ke [fruhn neo ke dney ftb`r pnrts f# #rkcn hy 0fv`r`kges,`sp`cknlly Lbè ne `xpkntkfe tbnt ks tf h` dno` ks f# n gè`rnl cbnrnct`r, neo ke tb` ket`r`sts f# tb`krr`sp`ctkv` gfv`redèts neo p`fpl`s8 neo tbks ks nlLnys, ke [fruhn, nccfrokeg tf tb` sp`ck#kc pr`scrkptkfeneo n#t`r tb` kestkgntkfe f# prk`sts Lbf, tf r`cfeckl` tb`d tf tb` #`nr#ul neo r`vfltkeg o`ò neo pr`vèt tftb`d )unlds f# cfesckèc` fv`r kt, usunlly s``R hy tb`kr lnegung` tf dngek#y h`#fr` tb`d tb`kr gr`nt pfL`neo tb` kdpfrtnec` f# tb`kr f##kc`, neo kdpr`ss tb`d Lktb tb` ko`n tbnt ef fe` Lfulo fr cfulo cnll tb`d ketnccfuet #fr tbks us` Lbkcb tb`y Lfulo dnR` f# n #`llfL dneYs lk#`.

0ncrk#kc`s nr` f##`rò #fr neo hy prkvnt` keokvkounls, keokvkounl #ndklk`s, n pnrtkculnr )unrt`r f# n tfLe frckty, fr tb` Lbfl` f# kt ke tb` RkegYs end`. Zbè n sncrk#kc` ks n #ndkly fe` kt ks cfddfely spfRè f# ns @hghfl`<n bfus`bflo sncrk#kc`. Zbè kt ks #fr n pnrtkculnr )unrt`r f# n tfLe fr ckty kt ks spfRè f# ns @hfkghfrf<fr n okstrkct sncrk#kc`8 neo Lbè kt ks #fr n Lbfl` tfLe fr ckty kt ks gè`rnlly spfRè, f# ns @hfghnlu<n sncrk#kc` #fr sL``pkeg nLny `vkl #rfd tb` tfLe, fr @hf Fhn, fr tb` kegYs sncrk#kc`.

_b`s` sncrk#kc`s Lbkcb nr` f##`rò hy b`ntbès tf tb`kr Frksbns, Lbf fccupy tb` plnc` hftb f# suhfrokentò`ktk`s neo dòkntfrs, nr` h`lk`vò tf h` tnRè tf tb` Gr`nt Fe` hy n spkrkt Lbfd tb`y oèfdkent`Dgh`ruD, tb` cnrrk`r, Lbfs` sp`cknl huske`ss kt ks tf tnR` tb`d tf bkd neo Lnkt upfe bkd Lktb tb`d. 3`gf`s hy tb` tktl`, Dgh`ru tk kgh` `hf r` frueD 6gh`ru Lbf cnrrk`s p`fpl`Ys sncrk#kc`s tf b`nvè.6 _b` hnsR`t ke Lbkcb b` ks suppfsò tf cnrry tb` sncrk#kc`s tf b`nvè ks lkeò Lktb l`nv`s sncrò tf =#n, ns #frkestnec` D@+` tftfD, tb` tftf l`n#, 6Lbkcb ks sydhflkcnl f# tb` Lksb neo prny`r f# tb` f##`r`r tbnt b` dny h` `)unl tf tbfs` Lbf nr` h`#fr` neo nhfv` bkd86 tb` D@+` @+uru;uD tb` @+uru;u l`n#, Lbkcb kssydhflkcnl f# bks Lksb tbnt b` dny surpnss ftb`rs8 D@+` =gh`r`skD tb` =gh`r`sk l`n#, Lbkcb ks gè`rnllyspfRè f# neo o`scrkhò ns tb` =gh`r`sk l`n# Lbkcb nccfdpnek`s n sncrk#kc` tf b`nvè. D@+` =gh`r`sk tk =ske `hflf sk frueD neo tb` [`y` l`n#, Lbkcb ks f#tè o`scrkhò ns D@+` [`y` tk k;` 9k kr` yn sk kl` èkD, 6tb[`y` l`n# tbnt hrkegs hl`sskeg ketf fur bfus`s6.

K






_b` cfurs` ks okvkoò ketf tbr`` pnrts cfv`rkeg tb` tbr`` y`nrs f# frokenry pupklng`. ?e tb` #krst y`nr tb`cneokont` l`nres tb` end`s f# nll tb` Flfous neo Fous,<tb` skges r`pr`sètkeg `ncb f# tb`d neo t`stk#k`s h prnctkc` bks dnst`ry f# tb`d. ?e tb` s`cfeo y`nr b` l`nres tb` fe` tbfusneo neo fe` trnoktkfes cfee`ctòLktb tb` Flfous neo Fous neo<Lbkcb nr` snko tf h` sf dney tbnt tb`r` bns scnrc`ly h`è n 7nhnln+f

#fueo Lbf bns l`nret neo cne r`ckt` tb` Lbfl` f# tb`d8 hut tb`r` nr` tbfs` Lbf bnv` l`nret neo cfddkttòtf d`dfry n ducb gr`nt`r eudh`r f# tb`d tbne ftb`rs bnv` ofe`, neo Lbf tbè cne dnR` n Lko`r us` f#tb` cfesultkeg hfLl. ?e tb` tbkro y`nr tb` cneokont` l`nres tb` d`tbfo neo us` f# lft cnstkeg neo kecfee`ctkfe Lktb kt nssksts nt tb` cfesultkeg hfLl.

7nhnln+f, `l`ctò neo nppfketò tf Lnkt upfe n Rkeg nlLnys ns bks 7nhnln+f Lbf ks tf cfesult =#n #frbkd ks nlLnys fe` Lbf bns okstkeguksbò bkds`l# nhfv` ftb`rs hy bks sup`rkfr RefLlòg` f# tb` trnoktkfesneo bks sRkll ke uskeg tb`d neo ke tb` nrt f# cfesultkeg tb` frncl` =#n. 3ks t`rd f# pupklng` dust bnv``xc`òò tbr`` y`nrs, neo b` ks gè`rnlly #frdnlly s`t npnrt #fr tbks bks v`ry kdpfrtnet neo r`spfeskhl`f##kc` neo tb` okgekty cfee`ctò Lktb kt hy ftb`r 7nhnln+fs nt n sp`cknl d``tkeg b`lo #fr tb` purpfs` Lbètb`y Lfulo ndfegst ftb`r c`r`dfek`s uektòly plnc` fe bks b`no sfd` l`nv`s sncrò tf =#n, tf skgek#y tfbkd neo tf ftb`rs bks `l`vntkfe tf tb` f##kc`.

3ks sp`cknlly nppfketò nsskstnets nr` tb` Flf+f Ftue +f, tb` rkgbt bneo 7nhnln+f, ftb`rLks` endòFrksn8 tb` Flf+f Fsk +f, tb` l`#t bneo 7nhnln+f, ftb`rLks` endò tb` Fsfpf8 neo tb` Flfpfe `9`;kn+f, fr tb` s`cfeo cfesultkeg hfLl 7nhnln+f, `ncb f# Lbfd bns bks fLe ;kghfen, Lbf ks sfd`tkd`scnllò L`+`r`.

3ks èskge f# f##kc` cfesksts f# n strkeg f# h`nos f# vnrkfus cflfurs Lfre nlLnys rfueo bks l`#t Lrkst8 n cfLfr hullfcRYs tnkl Lbkcb b` nlLnys cnrrk`s nhfut Lktb bkd8 neo n stn## Lbkcb ks sfd`tkd`s ne Fpn Fsu, k.`., stn## sncrò tf F#u8 nt ftb`r tkd`s ne Fpn Fr`r`r`, tb` Fr`r`r` stn##, neo nt ftb`r tkd`s ne Fpn Fsfrfrffr tb` Fsfrfrf stn##.

_b` f##kc` ks suppfrtò #rfd r`gulnrly pr`scrkhò cfesultkeg neo okvkekeg #``s Lbkcb nr` sfd`tkd`s neokeo`ò f#tè `xc`òò fe nccfuet f# Lbnt ks tbfugbt tf h` tb` sup`rkfr #kenecknl pfsktkfe f# ne npplkcnet #fcfesultntkfe f# =#n8 tb` sncrk#kc`s neo f##`rkegs dno` tf tb` gfos8 neo gk#ts #rfd tbfs` Lbfd tb`y s`rv`Lbkcb tb`s` nccfuet kt n outy neo n prkvkl`g` tf dnR` tf tb`d, `sp`cknlly nt stntò #`stkvnls.

_b` dfrnl syst`d f# [fruhn b`ntbèksd t`ncb`s r`v`rèc` tf tb` gfos, Lbkcb ks tf sbfL kts`l# ke, ndfegstftb`r tbkegs, n onkly `nrly dfrekeg Lfrsbkp tf tb`d h`#fr` tb`kr kdng`s h`#fr` ney huske`ss ks ofe`, tb``x`rcks` f# #nktb ke tb`d neo tb`kr gukonec` neo ftb`r nsskstnec`s hy cfesultkeg tb`d fe nll kdpfrtnetdntt`rs8 r`sp`ct neo r`v`rèc` #fr ng` neo #fr nll nutbfrkty8 #klknl r`gnro neo r`v`rèc` #fr neo fhòkèc` tf pnrèts<fe tb` pnrt f# cbklorè nlLnys, neo cnr` neo cfec`re #fr tb`d ueo`r tb` ke#krdktk`s f# skcRe`ss neoflo ng`, neo ke tkd`s f# e`c`sskty prfoucò hy ftb`r ckrcudstnec`s8 n gr`nt r`gnro #fr dnrrkng` neo tb` p`rp`tukty f# tb` hfeo, suhdksskfe tf tb`kr bushneos fe tb` pnrt f# Lkv`s, neo cnr` neo prft`ctkfe fe tb` pnrt f# bushneos8 tb` `x`rcks` f# tb` outk`s f# bfspktnlkty tf nll, neo `sp`cknlly tf strneg`rs8 #ko`lkty tf#rkèosbkp ueo`r nll ckrcudstnec`s8 cbnstkty, trutb#ule`ss ke sp``cb, bfe`sty, Rkeoe`ss, neo ndfegst sfd`trkh`s cfurng` nlsf8 Lbklst ueo`r kts ke#luèc` duro`r neo tb`#t, neo sfd`tkd`s tb` prnctkc` f# Lktcbcrn#t nr pueksbò Lktb o`ntb8 noult`ry neo #frekcntkfe Lktb n s`v`r` sfcknl oksgrnc` neo #ke`s neo n s`llkeg ketfslnv`ry, neo, Lb`r` tb` bfefur f# n RkegYs Lk#` ks cfec`reò, Lktb o`ntb sfd`tkd`s8 sukcko`, Lktb noksbfefurò hurknl8 neo e`gl`ct neo keok##`rèc` tf pny n o`ht, neo kesflvècy, Lktb ducb sfcknl oksbfefurneo kt okscfuetènec`s, ndfegst ftb`r tbkegs, prko` neo vnekty neo `xtrnvngnec`.




dfeg tb`s` dny h` r`cRfeò r`vèg` neo r`tnlkntkfe, bntrò, +`nlfusy, dnlkc`, kll<Lkll, Lfrlolke`ss, neg`rneo Lrntb neo s`l#ksbe`ss, sfd` f# Lbkcb bnv` cfetrkhutò tf supply n hnsks #fr tb` syst`d f# slnv`ry neotb` slnv` trno`, neo #fr tb` lk#` f# ]flygndy Lbkcb bnv` rulò tb` cfuetry #fr cèturk`s, neo #fr tb` v`rylfeg kec`ssnet ket`r<trkhnl Lnr#nr`s Lbkcb bnv` rukeò kt.

_b` dftkv`s #fr vkrtu` nr` n h`lk`# ke n r`trkhutkv` prfvkoèc`, `ktb`r #fr gffo fr #fr `vkl8 tb` #`nr f# sfcknloksgrnc` neo f# pueksbdèt nlsf, Lbkcb Lfulo #nll eft fely upfe ne keokvkounl Lrfeg neo `vkl of`r, hutupfe bks r`lntkv`s neo ftb`r cfee`ctkfes nlsf8 tb` prfsp`ct f# n lfeg lk#` fe `nrtb, o`skr` #fr prfsp`rkty, neoor`no f# tb` neg`r f# tb` gfos neo f# pueksbdèt #rfd tb`d.

?t t`ncb`s tbnt tb` sful f# dne ks eft lknhl` tf o`ntb, neo tbnt n#t`r tb` o`ntb f# tb` hfoy, Lbkcb r`sults #rfdkts )ukttkeg kt, kt bfv`rs nhfut tb` `nrtb #fr sfd` tkd`, neo n#t`r tbks o`pnrts ketf tb` Lfrlo f# spkrkts nhfv`.3èc` tb` #fllfLkeg pnrnhl` r`#`rrkeg tf tb` o`ntb f# n 7nhnln+f, neo Lbkcb ks npplkcnhl` tf ftb`r p`rsfesnlsf Lbf bnv` okò&<D+f 9k k 9u&< +f lf sk =tueln. =tueln ek kl` +fD. D+f<fr n 7nhnln+f of`s e`vòk`8 b` gf`s tf =tueln 9tb` Lfrlo Lb`r` dè lkv` ngnke n#t`r o`ntb:. =tueln ks ne +fAs bfd`D.

_b` spkrkts f# nll tb` o`no gf n#t`r o`ntb tf DFrueD, tb` b`nvès fr tb` Lfrlo nhfv`. ?t ks okvkoò ketf tLf pnrts. Fe` pnrt ks cfddfely cnllò D=snln FrueD fr ns n dnrR f# `xc`llèc`8 DFrueD d`r`ly, fr 6Frue#`#` r`r`6, tb` b`nvè f# sL``t nkr, fr DFrue ln#knD, tb` b`nvè f# p`nc` neo bnppke`ss, Lb`r` tb` sfulf# nll tb` gffo #rfd tbks Lfrlo nr` nodkttò neo lkv` n#t`r o`ntb8 neo neftb`r pnrt ks cnllò Frue pneok,tb` Lfrlo f# pftsb`ros, Lb`r` tb` spkrkts f# tb` LkcRò b`r` pnss tf neo lkv` ke n#t`r o`ntb ns n b`np f#r`#us` neo ruhhksb, n dnss f# Gfo r`+`ctò sfuls<neo Lbf nr` tr`ntò tb`r` ns pftsb`ros nr` b`r` Lb`r` tb`nr` cfddfely #lueg tf n ouegbkll. 0fd`tkd`s tbks Lfrlo ks o`scrkhò ns Frue kbnrkbn, tb` b`nvè f# tbòry l`nv`s, cfv`rkeg ne `nr f# cfre, fr tb` b`nvè Lb`r` tb` spkrkts tbnt gf tb`r` nr` tr`ntò ns sucb l`nv`sgè`rnlly nr` b`r` hy h`keg tbrfLe ketf tb` #kr`, neo kt ks nlsf tbus o`scrkhò, DFrue kbnrkbn, khk tk Fruentk ken pno` tk e+fe ebf y`D, 6tb` b`nvè f# tb` =bnrkbn, Lb`r` hftb tb` sue neo #kr` d``t tfg`tb`r, neoLb`r` tb` rfnr f# tb`kr uektò #lnd`s neo b`nt ks lkR` tb` sbfut f# n gr`nt dultktuo`6.

_b` spkrkt f# n gffo o`no r`tures #rfd tb` spkrkt Lfrlo tf h` ngnke hfre ketf tbks Lfrlo ns bno h`è tb` cns`Lktb kt h`#fr` neo ketf tb` #ndkly f# Lbkcb kt bno h`è h`#fr` o`ntb n vkskhl` pnrt. 3èc` kt ks tbnt n#t`r ncbkloYs hkrtb neo Lbè n end` Lfulo h` gkvè tf kt n 7nhnln+f ks cfesultò hy tb` pnrèts tbnt tb`y dkgbtRefL Lb`tb`r fr eft tb` cbklo Lbf ks n o`pnrtò fe` tbnt bns r`tureò tf tb`d bns cfd` tbrfugb tb` #ntb`rfr tb` dftb`rYs lke`, tbnt tb` #ndkly dkgbt RefL Lktb Lbnt lke` tb`y Lfulo #frdnlly cfee`ct kt hy tb` end`tbnt Lfulo h` gkvè tf kt. _bks nccfuets #fr sucb end`s ns tb`s` gkvè tf cbklorè&< D[`y`(tueo`D < 6Furdftb`r bns r`tureò tf us68 neo D7nhntueo`D<6Fur #ntb`r bns r`tureò tf us. 6_bks trnesdkgrntkfe ksspfRè f# ns D[kynD <fr tb` sbfftkeg #frtb f# n hrnecb.

_b`r` ks sfd` #nket eftkfe f# n +uogdèt n#t`r o`ntb, ns dny h` ke#`rrò #rfd tb` #fllfLkeg fccnskfenlr`dnrRs f# [fruhnes, sdnrtkeg ueo`r n sès` f# Lrfeg neo f# tb`kr kenhklkty tf r`vèg` kt<

DFbue tk f s` dk ykN ntk `dk ntk k+f ek k rf f ek+n;u èk tk f rk +nD.

6s tf tbks tbkeg fr tbks Lrfeg Lbkcb yfu bnv` ofe` d`, ? sny, hftb yfurs`l# neo dys`l# Lkll bnv` tf r`lntkt tf neo h`#fr` 3kd 9Gfo: Lbf s``s us6.

D6kghntk `dk hn 9uN ntk `dk ntk k+f ek klf rf f ek+n;u FlfrueD.




6Zbè ? ok`, hftb yfu neo dys`l# Lkll bnv` tf r`lnt` kt 9fur cns`: fr 9tb` nll`gò Lrfeg: h`#fr` Gfo6.

DFbue ghfghf tk n #` lk ky` n #`r` ok koèn frue Jf;u khfo` frue 9n ghfghfD6Zktb r`gnro tf Lbnt L` of ke tbks Lfrlo L` sbnll sffe cfd` tf tb` ètrnec` gnt` tf tb` ftb`r Lfrlo Lb`r

L` sbnll bnv` tf gkv` ne nccfuet f# tb`d nll6.?gefrnec` f# l`tt`rs bns pr`vètò tb` t`ncbkeg f# tbks syst`d h`keg `dhfokò ke n hffR #fr tb` #fllfL`rs f[fruhn b`ntbèksd& hut kt bns h`è cfddkttò tf tb` cnr` f# frnl trnoktkfe #fr Lbkcb tb` p`fpl`Ys L`ll<`x`rcksò neo strfeg d`dfrk`s n##fro n gr`nt b`lp, pnrètnl t`ncbkeg, tb` ke#luèc` f# tb` kllustrntkfen##froò hy tb` pueksbdèt nLnroò tf `vkl neo Lrfeg of`rs, neo tb` v`ry dney pnrnhl`s tbnt èt`r lnrg`lyketf tb` lnegung` f# tb` cfuetry neo Lbkcb bnv` h`cfd` ke cfes`)uèc` f# tbks ne kdpfrtnet v`bkcl` f#kestructkfe, neo tb` `xndpl` f# `lo`r h`#fr` yfueg`r p`fpl`.

?t cneeft h` +ustly neo truly snko tbnt tbks ko`n f# n b`r`n#t`r bns bno ney ke#luèc` upfe tb` p`fpl`. ?t ks eftbnt kt pnrtkculnrly ke#luèc`s tb`kr cfeouct ke lk#`. Jut v`ry kdp`r#`ct tbfugb kt h`, y`t kt c`rtnkely Lkte`ss`ngnkest tbfs` f# tb`d Lbf rkft ke LkcRòe`ss, ke+ury, Lrfeg neo ueRkeoe`ss tf tb`kr e`kgbhfurs.

@eo.

@xtrnct #rfd strflfgkcnl G`fdnecy ke #rkcnN hy ]rf#`ssfr I. . hnyfdk Cfl`P(

?e tbfs` `nrly onys f# tb` LfrloYs bkstfry, Lbè tb` gfos nssfckntò Lktb dè neo rèo`rò tb`d vnlknetb`lp ke nll tb`kr struggl`s #fr `xkstèc`, sncrk#kc`s L`r` f##`rò uetf tb`d. t tb`s` f##`rkegs tb`y h`cnd` so`lkgbtò tbnt tb`y cnd` ofLe #rfd b`nvè ke sucb gr`nt eudh`rs tbnt kt Lns eft pfsskhl` tf fhtnkesu##kckèt d`nt tf okstrkhut` ndfegst tb`d.

3nvkeg cultkvntò n tnst` #fr #l`sb, neo tb` Lfrsbkpp`rs eft h`keg nhl` tf supply nll tb`y o`dneoò, tb` gfoL`r` tb`r`#fr` fhlkgò tf r`sfrt tf vnrkfus pursukts sf tbnt tb`y dkgbt fhtnke #ffo.

=#n, tb` Gfo f# >kvkentkfe, tffR tf #ksbkeg.

Fe n c`rtnke ony =#n r`tureò #rfd tb` s`n buegry neo `xbnustò, bnvkeg cnugbt ef #ksb. 3` tb`rùpfecfesultò tb` gfo @l`ghn 9tb` o`vkl: Lbnt tf of.

@l`ghn, ke r`ply, snko tbnt tb`r` Lns e`nr tb` #fr`st n #nrd h`lfegkeg tf Fruegn, tb` sfe f# tb` gfoo`ss9[`dn;n:. ?t Lns plnetò hy Fouourn, tb` Lk#` f# Fhntnln 93`nvè:. ?t hfr` fely skxt`è euts, neo k# =#n




cne succ`ò tf fhtnke tb` skxt`è pnld euts #rfd Fruegn<Lbf efL fLes tb` lneos<b` Lfulo, Lktb tb`d,t`ncb bkd tb` nrt f# okvkentkfe, hy Lbkcb #ffo Lkll h` s`curò #fr tb` gfos Lktbfut r`sfrtkeg tf lnhfur8 #fr`v`ry fe` Lksbkeg tf cfesult tb` Frncl`s Lkll pny n gfnt, neo RefLkeg tb` nexk`ty f# dneRkeo tf pry ketftb` #utur`, b` Lns sur` tbnt tb` gfos Lfulo tb`r`hy bnv` dfr` #l`sb tbne tb`y Lfulo e`ò, stkpulntkeg nt tbsnd` tkd` tbnt tb` #krst cbfkc` f# nll sucb sbfulo h` bks.

=#n nt fec` prfc`òò tf tb` #nrd f# Fruegn. 3` hnrgnkeò #fr tb` skxt`è pnld euts, prfdkskeg ke r`ture#fr tb`d tf t`ncb Fruegn bfL tf #fr`cnst tb` #utur`, nssurkeg bkd tbnt hy tbks RefLlòg` b` Lkll h`cfd`v`ry rkcb, neo nt tb` snd` tkd` h` f# gr`nt s`rvkc` tf dneRkeo.

Fruegn Lèt neo cfesultò bks Lk#`, Frksnhk, Lbf ngr`ò tbnt tb`y Lfulo pnrt Lktb tb` pnld euts, k# hy sofkeg tb`y Lfulo h`cfd` hftb rkcb neo us`#ul. Jftb f# tb`d s`t fut tf g`t tb` euts, Lbkcb tb`y cfll`ctò htb` nko f# dfeR`ys. ll, skxt`è ke eudh`r, L`r` Lrnppò ke n hueol` f# clftb`s, neo Frksnhk tkò tb` hueol` fe b`r hncR ke tb` dnee`r ke Lbkcb hnhk`s nr` gè`rnlly cnrrkò, neo sb` Lktb b`r bushneo tffR tb`tf =#n.

=#n r`c`kvò neo tffR tb`d tf @l`ghn, Lbf tnugbt bkd, ns b` prfdksò, tb` nrt f# okvkentkfe8 =#n ke turetnugbt kt tf Fruegn, Lbf tbus h`cnd` tb` #krst 7nhn<nln+f 9k.`., Wntb`r f# Hyst`rk`s:.

3èc` ke nll g`fdnetkc fp`rntkfes tb` 7nhn(nln+f`s us` tb` cfddfe #frduln&

Fruegn n;uhn fbK< k.`., Fruegn, ? r`sp`ct tb``Frksnhk n;uhk fbK< k.`., Frksnhk, ? r`sp`ct tb``

_bks nccfuets #fr tb` skxt`è pnld euts usò ke [fruhn okvkentkfenll cfrr`spfeokeg tf tb` tL`lv` bfus`s ftb` b`nvès P tLf g`fdnetkc Lkte`ss`s P fe` g`fdnetkc +uog` P fe` grneo +uog` fhtnkeò hy tb` p`rdutntkfe f# tb` +uog`, tb` #k#t`ètb #kgur`, Lktb tb` #kgur` f# tb` #krst bfus`, nll `)unl tf skxt`è #kgur`s._b`r` nr` vnrkfus d`tbfos f# okvkentkfe, `ktb`r Lktb skxt`è stfe`s tnRè #rfd tb` stfdncb f# ne nllkgntfr,usò lnrg`ly hy trkh`s ke tb` ket`rkfr f# tb` Cflfey f# $k`rrn L`fe`, fr Lktb skxt`è frokenry stfe`s, h`nes, pnld euts, fr cfLrk`s.

@eo.




Documents

Extractos de Los Libros El Paganismo Yoruba Por James Johnson y La Geomancia Astrologica en Africa Por J a Abayomi Cole 1899