10
CONTENTS Summaries of Chapters e1 to e39 ........................ xvii Contributors ............................................ xxi Prefa(e xxxv -+- PART1 I Introductionto Clinical Medicine 1 ThePradi(e of Medicine......................... 1 TheEditors 2 610ballssues in Medicine ............................ 6 JimYongKim / PaulFarmer 3 Decision-Making in Clini(al Medicine 16 DanielB.Mark 4 S(reening and Prevention of Disease. ................ 24 Gary J. Martin 5 PrincipiesofClini(alPharma(ology.................. 27 DanM. Roden 6 Women' s Health 39 AndreaE.Dunai! 7 Medi(alDisordersduringPregnan(y ................. 44 Robert L. Barbieri / JohnT.Repke 8 Medi(alEvaluationof the Surgi(alpatient 49 Wei C.Lau/ KimA. Eagle 9 6eriatri( Medicine. ................................. 53 Lisa B. Caruso/ RebeccaA.Silliman 10 Complementary and Alternative Medicine 62 StephenE. Straus 11 Palliative and End-of-Life Care 66 EzekielJ. Emanuel / JoshuaHauser / Linda L. Emanuel . e1 TheSafetyandQualityof Health Care ............ el David W Bates . e2 E(onomi(Considerations in the Pradi(e of Medicine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. e7 David Meltzer . e3 RacialandEthnicDisparitiesin HealthCare ... ... ell Joseph R. Betancourt / David Blumenthal . e4 Ethi(allssues in Clini(al Medicine ............... e19 BernardLo -+-. PART2 cardinal Manifestations and Presentation of Diseases _PAIN 12 pain: PathophysiologyandManagement 81 HowardL.Fields / JosephB.Martin 13 Chest Dis(omfort .. .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. 87 Thomas H. Lee 14 Abdominal Pain 91 WilliamSilen 15 Heada(he 95 PeterJ.Goadsby / Neil H. Raskin 16 Ba(kand Ne(k Pain. .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. . 107 John W Engstrom vii __ ALTERATlONS IN BODY1EMPERATURE 17 Feverand Hyperthermia 117 CharlesA. Dinarello / ReuvenPorat 18 Fever and Rash ... .. . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. . ... 121 Elaine T. Kaye / Kenneth M. Kaye " e5 Atlasof RashesAssociatedwith Fever e23 Kenneth M. Kaye / Elaine T. Kaye 19 Fever of Unknown Origin .......................... 130 Jeffrey A. Gelfand / Michael V. Callahan 20 Hypothermia and Frostbite . . .. . .. .. .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. 135 Daniel F. Danzl .. NERVOUS SYSTEM DYSFUNCTlON 21 Syn(ope.. .........................................139 MarkD. Carlson 22 DizzinessandVertigo 144 RobertB.Daroff 23 Weakness andparalysis ........................... 147 Michael J. Aminoff 24 6ait and Balan(e Disorders 151 Lewis Sudarsky 25 Numbness,Tingling,andSensoryLoss 154 Michael J. Aminoff / Arthur K. Asbury 26 ConfusionandDelirium 158 S. Andrew Josephson / BruceL. Miller " e6 Memory Loss .................................. e33 Thomas D. Bird / Bruce L. Miller 27 Aphasia, Memory Loss,and Other Fo(al Cerebral Disorders 162 M.-Marsel Mesulam 28 Sleep Disorders .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. 171 CharlesA. Czeisler / John W Winkelman / Gary S. Richardson .. DISORDERS OF EYES, EARS, NOSE, AND THROAT 29 Disorders of the Eye ........................... 180 Jonathan C. Horton 30 Disordersof Smell, Taste,and Hearing 196 Anil K. Lalwani 31 Pharyngitis,Sinusitis,Otitis, and Other Upper Respiratory Trad Infedions ............ 205 MichaelA. Rubin / Ralph Gonzales/ MerleA. Sande 32 OralManifestationsof Disease.. . ... ... 214 Samuel C. Durso " e7 Atlasof OralManifestationsof Disease e37 Samuel C. Durso / Janet A. Yellowitz / Jane C. Atkinson .. ALTERATlONS IN ClRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY FUNCTlONS 33 Dyspnea and Pulmonary Edema 221 Richard M. Schwartzstein 34 Cough and Hemoptysis ............................ 225 Steven E. Weinberger / David A. Lipson 35 Hypoxia and Cyanosis ............................. 229 Eugene Braunwald

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Page 1: Gary S.odin.ces.edu.co/Contenidos_Web/41019168.pdf · Hypoproliferative Anemias 628 John \-v.Adamson.. DISORDERS OF HEMOSTASIS 109 Disorders of Platelets and Vessel Wall ... 101

CONTENTS

Summaries of Chapters e1 to e39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

Contributors . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. xxi

Prefa(e xxxv

-+- PART1I

IntroductiontoClinicalMedicine

1 ThePradi(eof Medicine.. .. .. .... ... .... .. ..... . 1TheEditors

2 610ballssuesin Medicine...... .... ... .. ..... ....... . 6JimYongKim / PaulFarmer

3 Decision-Makingin Clini(alMedicine 16DanielB.Mark

4 S(reening and Prevention of Disease................. 24GaryJ.Martin

5 Principiesof Clini(alPharma(ology.................. 27DanM. Roden

6 Women's Health 39AndreaE.Dunai!

7 Medi(alDisordersduringPregnan(y................. 44RobertL.Barbieri/ JohnT.Repke

8 Medi(alEvaluationof the Surgi(alpatient 49WeiC.Lau/ KimA. Eagle

9 6eriatri( Medicine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Lisa B. Caruso/ RebeccaA. Silliman

10 Complementary and Alternative Medicine 62StephenE. Straus

11 Palliative and End-of-Life Care 66EzekielJ.Emanuel/ JoshuaHauser / Linda L. Emanuel. e1 TheSafetyandQualityof Health Care ............ elDavid W Bates. e2 E(onomi(Considerationsin the Pradi(e of Medicine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. e7

David Meltzer. e3 Racialand EthnicDisparitiesin Health Care... ... ellJosephR. Betancourt / David Blumenthal. e4 Ethi(allssues in Clini(al Medicine . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. e19BernardLo

-+-. PART2 cardinalManifestations andPresentation of Diseases

_PAIN12 pain:Pathophysiologyand Management 81

HowardL.Fields/ JosephB.Martin13 ChestDis(omfort.. .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. .. 87

Thomas H. Lee

14 Abdominal Pain 91WilliamSilen

15 Heada(he 95PeterJ.Goadsby/ NeilH. Raskin

16 Ba(kand Ne(k Pain... . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. . 107JohnW Engstrom

vii

__ALTERATlONSIN BODY1EMPERATURE

17 Feverand Hyperthermia 117CharlesA. Dinarello / ReuvenPorat

18 Fever and Rash... .. . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. . ... 121

Elaine T. Kaye / Kenneth M. Kaye

" e5 Atlasof RashesAssociatedwith Fever e23Kenneth M. Kaye / Elaine T. Kaye

19 Fever of Unknown Origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 130

Jeffrey A. Gelfand / Michael V.Callahan

20 Hypothermia and Frostbite. . .. . .. .. .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. 135Daniel F. Danzl.. NERVOUSSYSTEMDYSFUNCTlON

21 Syn(ope.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139MarkD. Carlson

22 Dizzinessand Vertigo 144RobertB.Daroff

23 Weaknessandparalysis....... .. .... ... ....... .... 147MichaelJ.Aminoff

24 6ait and Balan(e Disorders 151LewisSudarsky

25 Numbness,Tingling,and SensoryLoss 154Michael J.Aminoff / Arthur K. Asbury

26 Confusionand Delirium 158S. Andrew Josephson/ BruceL. Miller

" e6 Memory Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. e33Thomas D. Bird / Bruce L. Miller

27 Aphasia, Memory Loss,andOther Fo(al Cerebral Disorders 162M.-Marsel Mesulam

28 Sleep Disorders.. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. 171CharlesA. Czeisler/ John W Winkelman /Gary S.Richardson..DISORDERS OF EYES, EARS, NOSE, AND THROAT

29 DisordersoftheEye........................... 180JonathanC.Horton

30 Disordersof Smell,Taste,and Hearing 196Anil K. Lalwani

31 Pharyngitis,Sinusitis,Otitis,andOtherUpperRespiratory Trad Infedions . . . . . . . .. . .. 205MichaelA. Rubin / Ralph Gonzales/ MerleA. Sande

32 OralManifestationsof Disease.. . ... ... 214Samuel C. Durso

" e7 Atlasof OralManifestationsof Disease e37Samuel C. Durso / Janet A. Yellowitz / Jane C. Atkinson..ALTERATlONSIN ClRCULATORYAND RESPIRATORYFUNCTlONS

33 Dyspneaand Pulmonary Edema 221Richard M. Schwartzstein

34 Cough and Hemoptysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 225Steven E.Weinberger/ David A.Lipson

35 Hypoxia and Cyanosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 229Eugene Braunwald

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Edema.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 231

EugeneBraunwald / ]osephLosca/zo

e8 Approachto the Patientwith a HeartMurmur .... e43Patrick T.O'Gara / EugeneBraunwald

Palpitations 236]oseph Loscalzo.. ALnRATlONSIN GASTROINTESTlNALFUNCTlON

38 Dysphagia 237Raj K. Goyal

39 Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. 240William L. Hasler

40 Diarrhea and (onstipation .. .. . . . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . 245Michael Camilleri / ]oseph A. Murray

41 Weight Loss 255Carol M. Reife

42 Gastrointestinal Bleeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 257Loren Laine

43 Jaundice 261Daniel S. Pratt / Marshall M. Kaplan

44 Abdominal Swelling and Ascites 266Robert M. G/ickman / Roshini Rajapaksa

.. ALnRATlONSINRENALANOURINARYTRAOFUNCTlON

45 Azotemia and Urinary Abnormalities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 268Bradley M. Denker / Barry M. Brenner

§ e9 Atlasof UrinarySedimentsand RenalBiopsies... e53Agnes B. Fogo / Eric G. Neilson

46 Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 274Gary G. Singer / Barry M. Brenner

47 Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 285Sundeep Khosla

48 Acidosis andAlkalosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 287Thomas D. DuBose, Ir... ALnRATlONSIN SEXUALFUNCTIONANO REPROOUCTlON

49 Sexual Dysfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 296Kevin T. McVary

SO Hirsutism and Virilization 301David A. Ehrmann

51 Menstrual Disorders and Pelvic Pain 304]anet E. Hall_ ALnRATlONSINTHESKIN

52 Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder. . . . . . .. 308Thomas /. Lawley / Kim B. Yancey

53 Eczema,Psoriasis,(utaneous Infections,Acne,and Other(ommon skin Disorders. 312Calvin O. McCall / Thomas ]. Lawley

54 SkinManifestationsof InternalDisease. . . . . .. . . . . . . 321]ean L. Bolognia /lrwin M. Braverman

SS ImmunologicallyMediatedSkinDiseases . . . . . . . . . .. 336Kim B. Yancey / Thomas ]. Lawley

56 (utaneous Drug Reactions .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 343]ean-Claude Roujeau / Robert S. Stern / Bruce U. Wintroub

57 Photosensitivity and Other Reactions to Light . .. . . .. 350David R. Bickers

e10 Atlas of Skin Manifestationsof Internal Disease e61Thomas ]. Lawley/ Stephen F.Templeton_ HEMATOLOGICALnRATlONS

58 Anemiaand Polycythemia 355]ohn w: Adamson / Dan L. Longo

59 Bleeding and Thrombosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 363BarbaraA. Konkle

60 Enlargement ofLymphNodesandSpleen 370PatrickH. Henry / Dan L. Longo

61 Disordersof Granulocytesand Monocytes 375Steven M. Holland / ]ohn 1. Gallin

§ e11 Atlasof Hematologyand Analysisof PeripheralBloodSmears e77Dan L. Longo

~ PART3 Geneticsand Disease

62 Principies of Human Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 385]. Larry]ameson/ PeterKopp

63 (hromosomeDisorders 407Terry]. Hassold/ Stuart Schwartz

64 ThePracticeof Geneticsin (linical Medicine .. .. 414

Susan Miesfeldt/ ]. Larry]ameson

65 GeneTherapyin(linicalMedicine 420KatherineA. High

-.- PART4 Regenerative MedicineI

66 Stem (en Biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 425

Minoru S.H.Ko

67 Applicationsof Stem(en Biologyin (Iinical Medicine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 427

]ohn A. Kessler

68 HematopoieticStem(ens .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 430David T. Scadden / Dan L. Longo

69 Tissue Engineering 434]ennifer Anderson / ]oseph P. Vacanti

-~ PART S Nutrition

viii 36

§

37

70 NutritionalRequirementsand DietaryAssessment... 437]ohannaDwyer

71 Vitamin and TraceMineralDeficiency and Excess.. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. ... 441RobertM. Russell/ PaoloM. Suter

72 Malnutritionand NutritionalAssessment........... 450

DouglasC.Heimburger73 Enteral and parenteral Nutrition Therapy ........... 455

Bruce R.Bistrian / David F.Driscoll

74 Biology of Obesity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 462]effreyS.Flier/ EleftheriaMaratos-Flier

75 Evaluation and Management of Obesity ............ 468RobertF.Kushner

76 Eating Disorders.................................. 473B. Timothy Walsh

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~ PART6 Oncologyand Hematology.. NEOPLASTlCDISORDERS

77 Approach to the Patient with Cancer . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . 479Dan 1. Longo

78 prevention and Early Detedion of Cancer. . . . . . . . . . . . 486Oris \-v.Brawley / Barnett S. Kramer

79 CancerGenetics .. ... .. .. .... ... .... .. ... .. .. ...... 492Pat J.Morin / Jeffrey M. Trent / Francis S. Collins /

Bert Vogelstein

80 Cancer Cell Biology and Angiogenesis 498RobertG.Fenton/ Dan 1. Longo

81 Principiesof CancerTreatment... . .. . ... . ... ... 514EdwardA. Sausville/ Dan 1. Longo

82 Infedions in Patients with Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 533

Robert Finberg

83 Cancerofthe 5kin.. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. . . .. 541Arthur J. Sober / Hensin Tsao / Carl V. Washington

84 Head and Neck Cancer.. .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. . . .. . . .. 548

Everett E. Vokes

85 Neoplasmsof the Lung.. .. .. .. .. . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. 551JohnD. Minna / Joan H. Schiller

86 BreastCancer 563Marc E.Lippman

87 Gastrointestinal Trad Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570

RobertJ.Mayer

88 Tumors of the Liver and Biliary Tree.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 580Brian1.Carr

89 PancreaticCancer 586YuJoChua/ DavidCunningham

90 Bladder and Renal CellCarcinomas ................. 589Howard1.Scher/ RobertJ.Motzer

91 BenignandMalignantDiseasesof the Prostate 593Howard1.Scher

92 Testicular Cancer .. .. ... . .. . . .. .. . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. 601

Robert J.Motzer / George J.Bosl

93 GynecologicMalignancies 604RobertC.Young

94 50ftTissueandBone5arcomasand Bone Metastases .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . 610

ShreyaskumarR.Patel/ RobertS.Benjamin

95 Carcinomaof UnknownPrimary 614GauriR.Varadhachary/ James1.Abbruzzese

96 Paraneoplastic 5yndromes:EndocrinologicjHematologic 617J.LarryJameson/ BruceE.Johnson

97 Paraneoplastic Neurologic 5yndromes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623

JosepDalmau/ MyrnaR.Rosenfeld

fI e12 Thymoma e89Dan1.Longo

fI e13 LateConsequences of Cancerand Its Treatment . .. . .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . . e91

MichaelC.Perry/ Dan1.Longo..HEMATOPOIETICDISORDERS

98 IronDeficiency and OtherHypoproliferative Anemias 628John\-v.Adamson

.. DISORDERSOFHEMOSTASIS

109 Disorders of Platelets and Vessel Wall ... . . . . . . . . . .. 718Barbara A. Konkle

110 Coagulation Disorders . .. . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. .. ... 725

Valder Arruda / Katherine A. High

111 Venous Thrombosis . . . . . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . . .. .. . . ... 731

F.R. Rosendaal / H.R. Büller

112 Antiplatelet,Anticoagulant,and Fibrinolytic Drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 735

Jeffrey 1. Weitz

-+ PART7 Infectious Diseases_ RASICCONSIDERATlONSIN INFEalOUSDISEASES

113 Introdudionto InfectiousDiseases:Host-PathogenInteradions 749LawrenceC.Madoff/ Dennis1.Kasper

114 MolecularMechanismsof MicrobialPathogenesis ... 753GeraldB.Pier

115 Approach to the Acutely JIIInfeded FebrilePatient .. .... .... ... .... .... 761

Tamar F.Barlam / Dennis 1. Kasper

116 Immunization Principies and Vacdne Use 767Gemid T. Keusch / Kenneth /. Bart / Mark Miller

117 Health Advice for International Travel .. . ... .... 782JayS. Keystone / Phyllis E. Kozarsky

" e14 LaboratoryDiagnosisof Infedious Diseases e97Alexander J. McAdam / Andrew B. Onderdonk..CLlNICALSYNDROMES:COMMUNITY-ACQUIREDINFEalONS

118 Infedive Endocarditis. . . .. . .. . . .. . .. .. . .. .. . . .. ... 789

Adolf\-v. Karchmer

99 Disorders of Hemoglobin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 635 ixEdward J.Benz, Jr.

100 Megaloblastic Anemias ........................... 643A. VictorHoffbrand

101 Hemolytic Anemias and .AnemiaDue to Acute Blood Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 652

Lucio Luzzatto

102 Aplastic Anemia, Myelodysplasia, and RelatedBone Marrow Failure 5yndromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 663

Neal S. Young103 Polycythemia Vera and Other

Myeloproliferative Diseases ....................... 671Jerry 1. Spivak

104 Acute and ChronicMyeloid Leukemia .............. 677Meir Wetzler/ John C. Byrd / ClaraD. Bloomfield

105 Malignancies of Lymphoid Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 687Dan 1. Longo

106 plasma Cell Disorders ............................. 700Nikhil C. Munshi / Dan 1. Longo/ Kenneth C.Anderson

107 Transfusion Biology and Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 707JefferyS. Dzieczkowski/ Kenneth C.Anderson

108 HematopoieticCellTransplantation... ... . ... . .. . ... 713FrederickR. Appelbaum

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.. DlSEASESCAUSEDBYGRAM-POSITlVEBACTERIA

128 Pneumococcallnfections o .. o . .. .. .. oo .. .. o.. 865Daniel M. Musher

129 Staphylococcallnfections.. o. ooo.. o oo. o 0.872Franklin D. Lowy

130 Streptococcal and Enterococcallnfections . . . . . . . . . o. 881Michael R. Wessels

131 Diphtheria and Other Infections Causedby Corynebacteria and Related Species . o. . . . o. . o. . o 890William Ro Bishai / John R. Murphy

132 InfectionsCausedbyListeriomonocytogeneso. . oo. o 895Elizabeth 1. Hohmann / Daniel Ao Portnoy

133 Tetanus o. oo. oooo. o. o. o.. o. .. o.. .. o.. o... o... ... .. 898

Elias Abrutyn

134 Botulismo.ooooooo . oo. . oo . . o. . o . . oo. oo . o. . . o . . o. . o. 901

Elias Abrutyn

135 Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridiallnfections . . . . . .. 903

Dennis L. Kasper / Lawrence C. Madoff_ DISEASESCAUSEDBYGRAM-NEGATlVEBACTERIA

136 Meningococcallnfections o. . o. . . . . o. . . o. . . . . . . . . . .. 908Lee Mo Wetzler

137 Gonococcallnfections.. o ... o.. ... .. . . o. ... . .. o 914Sanjay Ram / Peter Ao Rice

138 Moroxello Infections .. o.. . o.. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . . ... 921Daniel M. Musher

139 Hoemophilus Infections . . .. .. . .. .. o.. oo.. o.. o.. oo. 923Timothy F. Murphy

140 Infections Due to the HACEKGroup andMiscellaneousGram-NegativeBacteria . o o o o o . o o o o o. 926Tamar F. Barlam / Dennis L. Kasper

..MISCELLANEOUS BACTERIALINFECTlONS

155 Nocardiosis oo .. . o 992Gregory A. Filice

156 Actinomycosisoo.. o.. . o.. o.. . .. oo.. .. . .. . oo.. .. ooo 996Thomas A. Russo

157 Infections Due to Mixed Anaerobic Organisms oo.. . o 999

Dennis L. Kasper / Ronit Cohen-Poradosu.. MYCOBACTERIALDISEASES

158 Tuberculosis o.. o.. o.. . .. o. . . ... 1006

Mario C. Raviglione / Richard]. O'Brien

159 leprosy (Hansen's Disease) 1021Robert H. Gelber

160 NontuberculousMycobacteria.. oo .. o .. oo. oo. ooo.. 1027C. Fordham von Reyn

161 Antimycobacterial Agents. o.. o o 1032Richard J. Wallace, Jro/ David E. Griffith_ SPIROCHETALDISEASES

162 Syphilis. o. . . o. . oo. o. . oo. oo. oooo. oo. oo. oo. . . o. . .. 1038Sheila A. Lukehart

163 EndemicTreponematoses. o.. o.. . oo.. o.. o.. . . .. .. 1046Sheila A. Lukehart

164 leptospirosis o .. oo .. oo .. o .. o .. o .. o .. o .. oo .. oo 1048Peter Speelman / Rudy Hartskeerl

165 Relapsing Fever 1052David T. Dennis

x 119 Infections of the Skin, Musde, and Soft Tissues o. . o . o 798 141 Legionello Infection o o o o o o . o o o o . o o o . . o o o . o o o . o o . . o 929Dennis 1. Stevens Miguel Sabria / Victor 1. Yu

120 Osteomyelitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o. . oo. oo. oo. ooo 803 142 PertussisandOther Bordetello Infections . ooo. . oo. o 933

Jeffrey Parsonnet Scott Ao Halperin

121 Intraabdominallnfections and Abscesses . . o. . o. . . .. 807 143 Diseases Causedby Gram-NegativeEntericBacillio . o 937Miriam JoBaron / Dennis L. Kasper Thomas Ao Russo / James RoJohnson

122 Acute Infectious Diarrheal Diseases 144 HelicobocterpyloriInfections . o o o o o . o o o . o o o o . . o o .. 946andBacterialFoodPoisoningo o . . o o . o o o o o . o o . o o . o o. 813 John C. Atherton / Martin J. Blaser

Joan R. Butterton / Stephen B. Calderwood 145 Infections Due to Pseudomonos Species123 Clostridium difficile-Associated Disease, and Related Organisms . o. . o. . . . . . . . . o. . . . . . o. o. .. 949

Induding pseudomembranous Colitiso o. o o. o o. o o. o o. 818 Reuben RamphalDale No Gerding / Stuart Johnson 146 Salmonellosis ooo. oo . oo. oo . . . . oo. . oo . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 956

124 Sexually Transmitted Infections: David A. Pegues / Samuel 1. MillerOverview and ClinicalApproach . . o. . . o. . . . . o. . o. ooo 821 147 Shigellosis . oo. oo. oo. . . o. . . oo. . . . . . o. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 962King KoHolmes Philippe Sansonetti / Jean Bergounioux

G e15 InfectiousComplicationsof BurnsandBiteso. o e107 148 Infections Due to CompylobocterLawrence C. Madoff / Florencia Pereyra and Related Species ............. o.. .. o.. o.. .. oooo 965.. CLlNICAL SYNDROMES: HEALTH CARE-ASSOCIATEDINFECTIONS

Martin JoBlaser

149 Cholera and Other Vibrioses .. .. .. o.. .. o.. .. oo.. ooo 968

125 Health Care-Associated Infections . ooo . oooo . . o. . o . . o 835Matthew K. Waldor / Gerald T. Keusch

Robert A. Weinstein 150 Brucellosis . o . . oo. . oooo. . oo . . oo. ooo. o . . . . o . oooo . .. 973

126 Infections in Transplant Recipients ooo . oo. oo . o. . o . . o 842Michael]. Corbel / Nicholas JoBeeching

Robert Finberg / Joyce Fingeroth 151 Tularemia o . oo. ooo . . . . . . . o . . . . . . . o. o . oooo . . ooooooo 976

Richard F. Jacobs / Gordon E. Schutze.. APPROACHTOTHERAPYFORBACTERIALDISEASES 152 Plague and Other Yersinio Infections . . . . o. o. o. . . oo. 980David T. Dennis / Grant L. Campbell

127 Treatmentand Prophylaxisof Bacteriallnfectionso.. 851 153 Bortonello Infections, IndudingGordon L. Archer / Ronald EoPolk Cat-Scratch Disease .. . . . . . . o. . o. . oo. o. . o. . ooo. ooo. 987

David H. Spach / Emily Darby

154 Donovanosis oo. oo. o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ooo. . o 991Gavin Hart

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166 LymeBorreliosis 1055Al/enC.Steere_OISEASESCAUSEOBYRICKETTSIAE,

~ MYCOPLASMAS,ANOCHLAMYOIAE

167 Rickettsial Diseases 1059

David H. Wa/ker / J.Stephen Dum/er / Thomas Marrie

168 Infections Due to Myeoplasrnas 1068Wil/iam M. McCormack

169 Chlarnydiallnfections 1070Wa/ter E. Stamm

__ VIRAL OISEASES: GENERAL CONSIOERATIONS

170 MedicalVirology.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 1079PredWang/ El/iottKieff

171 AntiviralChernotherapy,ExcludingAntiretroviralDrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1087LindseyR. Baden / Raphae/Do/in__ INfECTIONSOUETOONAVIRUSES

172 HerpesSimplexViruses..... . .. . ... . ... . ... ... 1095Lawrence Corey

173 Varicella-IosterVirusInfections 1102Richard J.Whit/ey

174 Epstein-BarrVirusInfections,Including Infectious Mononucleosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1106Jeffrey 1. Cohen

175 Cytomegalovirusand HurnanHerpesvirusTypes6, 7, and 8 .... ... ... .. ... .. .. .. 1109Martin S.Hirsch

176 MolluscumContagiosum,Monkeypox,andOtherPoxviruses,ExcludingSmallpoxVirus . . . . . . .. 1113PredWang

177 Parvovirus Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1114

KevinE.Brown

178 HumanPapillomavirusInfections 1117RichardC.Reichman_ INfEalONSOUETOONAANORNARESPIRATORYVIRUSES

179 Common Viral Respiratory Infections andSevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome(SARS) 1120Raphae/ Do/in

180 Influenza 1127

Raphae/ Do/in_ INfECTIONSOUETOHUMANIMMUNOOEflCIENCY~ VIRUSANOOTHERHUMANRETROVIRUSES

181 The Human Retroviruses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1132

Dan 1. Longo / Anthony S. Pauci

182 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease:AIDS and Related Disorders .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1137

Anthony S. Pauci / H. C/ifford Lane

__ INfECTIONSOUETORNAVIRUSES

183 Viral Gastroenteritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1204

Umesh D. Parashar / Roger 1. G/ass

184 Enterovirusesand Reoviruses.. . ... ... . ... ... 1208

Jeffrey 1. Cohen

185 Measles(Rubeola) . ... . .. . . . ... . .Anne Gershon

186 Rubella(GermanMeasles).......................Anne Gershon

187 Mumps.........................................Anne Gershon

188 Rabiesand OtherRhabdovirusInfections. . . . . . . . . .A/an C. Jackson / Eric C. Johannsen

189 Infections Caused by Arthropod-and Rodent-Borne Viruses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Clarence J.Peters

190 Ebola and Marburg Viruses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C/arence J. Peters_ fUNGALANOALGALINfEalONS

191 Diagnosisand Treatmentof Fungallnfections 1242John E. Edwards, Jr.

192 Histoplasmosis 1244ChadiA. Hage/ 1. JosephWheat

193 Coccidioidomycosis 1247Nei/ M. Ampe/

194 Blastomycosis 1249Stan/ey W Chapman / Donna C. Sul/ivan

195 Cryptococcosis 1251Arturo Casadeval/

196 Candidiasis 1254John E. Edwards, Jr.

197 Aspergillosis 1256David W Denning

198 Mucormycosis 1261A/an M. Sugar

199 MiscellaneousMycosesandAlgallnfections 1263Stan/ey W Chapman / Donna C. Sul/ivan

200 Pneumocystis Infection 1267A. George Smu/ian / Peter D. Wa/zer.. PROTOZOALANO HELMINTHICINfEalONS:

GENERALCONSIDERATIONS

§ e16 Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitie Infections ... .e113Sharon 1. Reed / Charles E. Davis

201 Agents Usedto TreatParasiticInfections 1270Thomas A. Moore

e17 Pharmacology ofAgents Usedto TreatParasitic Infections .e119ThomasA. Moore_ PROTOZOALINfECTlONS

202 AmebiasisandInfectionwith Free-LivingAmebas... 1275Sharon L. Reed

203 Malaria 1280

Nicho/as J. White / Joe/ G. Breman

204 Babesiosis 1294JeffreyA. Gelfand/ Edouard Vannier

§ e18 Atlasof BloodSmearsof MalariaandBabesiosis. .e127Nicho/as J.White / Joe/ G. Breman

205 Leishmaniasis 1296Barbara 1. Herwa/dt

206 Trypanosomiasis 1300Louis V.Kirchhoff

1214 xi

1217

1220

1222

1226

1240

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xii 207 ToxoplosmoInfections 1305Lloyd H. Kasper

208 Protozoallntestinallnfectionsand Trichomoniasis... 1311Peter F. Weller_ HELMINTHICINFECTlONS

209 Trichinelloand OtherTissueNematodes ... 1316Peter F. Weller

210 IntestinalNematodes 1319Peter F. Weller / Thomas B. Nutman

211 Filarial and Related Infections 1324

Thomas B. Nutman / Peter F. Weller

212 schistosomiasisand OtherTrematodeInfections ... 1330Adel A. F.Mahmoud

213 Cestodes 1336A. Clinton White, Jr. / Peter F. Weller

-.- PART8I

BioterrorismandClinicalMedicine

214 MicrobialBioterrorism 1343

H. CliffordLane / Anthony S.Pauci215 ChemicalBioterrorism.. ... . ... .. ... ... ... 1352

Charles G. Hurst / Jonathan Newmark /James A. Romano,Jr.

216 Radiation Bioterrorism.. . .. ... . ... ... . .. . .. 1358

Zelig A. Tochner / Eli Glatstein

-+- PART9 DisordersofthecardiovascularSystem.. INTRODUCTlONTOCARDIOVASCULARDISORDERS

217 Basic Biology of the Cardiovascular System 1365Joseph Loscalzo/ PeterLibby/ EugeneBraunwald

218 Epidemiologyof CardiovascularDisease 1375Thomas A. Gaziano / J. Michael Gaziano

219 Approach to the patient withPossible Cardiovascular Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1379

EugeneBraunwald.. DIAGNOSISOFCARDIOVASCULARDISORDERS

220 Physical Examination of theCardiovascular System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1382

RobertA. O'Rourke/ EugeneBraunwald

221 Electrocardiography.. .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. 1388Ary L. Goldberger

§ e19 Atlasof Electrocardiography.... .. . .. . ... ... .. .e131Ary L. Goldberger

222 Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging: Echocardiography,NuclearCardiology,and MRI/CTImaging 1397Rick A. Nishimura / Raymond J. Gibbons /JamesF. Glockner/ A. Jamil Tajik

§ e20 Atlasof NoninvasiveCardiacImaging .e149Rick A. Nishimura / Raymond J. Gibbons /

James F. Glockner / A. Jamil Tajik

223 Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterizationand Angiography 1405Donald S.Baim

_ DISORDERSOFRHYTHM

224 Principiesof Electrophysiology 1410GordonF.Tomaselli

225 TheBradyarrhythmias 1416GordonF.Tomaselli

226 TheTachyarrhythmias 1425Prancis Marchlinski

§ e21 Atlasof CardiacArrhythmias... . ... . .. ... e159Ary L. Goldberger.. DISORDERSOFTHEHEART

227 Heart Failureand CorPulmonale .................. 1443

DouglasL.Mann

228 CardiacTransplantationandprolongedAssistedCirculation.. ... . ... . . 1455Sharon A. Hunt

229 Congenital Heart Diseasein the Adult 1458John S. Child

230 Valvular Heart Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1465

Patrick O'Gara / Eugene Braunwald

231 Cardiomyopathyand Myocarditis.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1481Joshua Wynne / Eugene Braunwald

232 pericardialDisease 1488Eugene Braunwald

233 Tumors and Trauma of the Heart 1495Eric H. Awtry / Wilson S. Colucci

234 CardiacManifestationsof SystemicDisease. . . . . . .. 1498Eric H. Awtry / Wilson S. Colucci..VASCULAR DISEASE

235 The Pathogenesis,Prevention,and Treatment of Atherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1501

PeterLibby

§ e22 Atlas of Atherosclerosis e171PeterLibby

236 TheMetabolicSyndrome. .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. 1509Robert H. Eckel

237 IschemicHeart Disease 1514

Elliott M. Antman / Andrew P.Selwyn /EugeneBraunwald / JosephLoscalzo

238 Unstable Angina and Non-ST-ElevationMyocardiallnfarction 1527Christopher P.Cannon / EugeneBraunwald

239 ST-SegmentElevationMyocardiallnfarction 1532ElliottM. Antman / EugeneBraunwald

240 PercutaneousCoronaryIntervention. . . . . .. . . . . . .. 1544Donald S. Baim

e23 Atlas of PercutaneousRevascularization e173Donald S.Baim

Hypertensive Vascular Disease. . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. 1549Theodore A. Kotchen

242 Diseasesof theAorta .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1563Mark A. Creager/ JosephLoscalzo

243 VascularDiseasesof the Extremities 1568Mark A. Creager / Joseph Loscalzo

244 PulmonaryHypertension 1576Stuart Rich

241

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~ PART1O Disordersof the~ RespiratorySystem.. DIAGNOSISOFRESPIRATORYDISORDERS

245 Approachto the PatientwithDiseaseof the Respiratory System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1583

David A. Lipson / StevenE. Weinberger

246 Disturbancesof Respiratory Function 1586StevenE. Weinberger/ llene M. Rosen

247 Diagnostic procedures inRespiratory Disease 1593SeottManaker / StevenE. Weinberger

ti e24 Atlas of Chestlmaging ... .. .. .... .... .. .. .. .. e179Patricia A. Kritek / JohnJ.Reilly, Jr... DISEASESOFTHERESPIRATORYSYSTEM

248 Asthma .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . .. 1596

PeterJ.Barnes

249 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis andPulmonary Infiltrates with Eosinophilia . . . . . . . . . . .. 1607

JoelN. Kline / Gary W Hunninghake

250 Environmental Lung Disease ... . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. 16Il

Prank E. Speizer/ JohnR. Balmes

251 Pneumonia 1619LionelA. Mandell / Riehard Wunderink

252 Bronchiectasisand Lung Abscess .................. 1629GregoryTino / StevenE. Weinberger

253 Cystic Fibrosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1632Riehard C. Boueher

254 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . . . . . .. . . . .. 1635

JohnJ.Reilly,fr. / Edwin K. Silverman /StevenD. Shapiro

255 Interstitial Lung Diseases .. ... .... ... ... .... .... .. 1643TalmadgeE.King, Jr.

256 Deep Venous Thrombosis andpulmonary Thromboembolism ... ... .... .... .. 1651Samue/Z. Goldhaber

257 Disordersof the Pleura and Mediastinum . . . . .. . . .. 1658

Riehard W Light

258 Disorders of Ventilation . . .. . .. .. .. . . .. . . .. .. .. . ... 1661

Eliot A. Phillipson

259 SleepApnea ... .. .. .... .... ... .... ... 1665Neil J.Douglas

260 LungTransplantation .. ... ... .. .. .... ... .... ... ... 1668Elbert P.Truloek.PART11 CriticalCareMedicine

I.. RESPIRATORYCRITlCALCARE

261 Principiesof CriticalCareMedicine.. ... . ... 1673JohnP.Kress/ fesseB. Hall

262 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 1680BrueeD. Levy / StevenD. Shapiro

263 Mechanical Ventilatory Support 1684EdwardP.lngenito

.. SHOCKANDCARDIACARREST

264 Approach to the Patient with Shock. . . . .. . . . . . .. .. 1689Ronald V. Maier

265 Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1695

Robert S. Munford

266 Cardiogenic shock and pulmonary Edema 1702Judith S.Hoehman / David H. lngbar

267 Cardiovascular Collapse, Cardiac Arrest,and Sudden (ardiac Death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1707

Robert J.Myerberg / Agustin Castellanos

xiii

.. NEUROLOGICCRITlCALCARE

268 Coma 1714

Allan H. Ropper

269 Neurologic Critical Care, IndudingHypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathyand Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 1720J. Claude Hemphill III / Wade S. Smith..ONCOLOGICEMERGENCIES

270 Oncologic Emergencies .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . . . .. .. .. ... 1730Rasim Guealp / Janiee P. Duteher. PART12

IDisordersof the Kidneyand UrinaryTract

271 Cellularand MolecularBiologyof the Kidney 1741Alfred L. George, Jr. / Erie G. Neilson

272 Adaptationof the Kidneyto Renallnjury .... .... .. 1748Raymond C. Harris / Erie G. Nei/son

273 Acute Renal Failure . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . ... 1752

Kathleen D. Liu / Glenn M. Chertow

274 Chronic Kidney Disease... .. .. . . .. . .. .. .. . . .. . . ... 1761

Joanne M. Bargman / Karl Skoreeki

275 Dialysisin the Treatmentof RenalFailure 1772Kathleen D. Liu / Glenn M. Chertow

276 Transplantationin theTreatmentof RenalFailure 1776Charles B. Carpenter / Edgar L. Milford /

Mohamed H. Sayegh

277 Glomerular Diseases .. . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. .. 1782Julia B. Lewis / Erie G. Neilson

278 Polycystic Kidney Disease andOther Inherited Tubular Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1797

David J. Salant / Parul S. Pate/

279 Tubulointerstitial Diseases of the Kidney . . . . . . .. .. 1806Alan S. L. Yu / Barry M. Brenner

280 Vascular Injury to the Kidney ... .. .. ... ... .... .... 18Il

Kamal F. Badr / Barry M. Brenner

281 Nephrolithiasis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1815

John R. Asplin / PredrieL. Coe/ Murray J. Pavus

282 Urinary Tract Infections,Pyelonephritis, and Prostatitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1820

Walter E. Stamm

283 Urinary Tract Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1827

JulianL. Seifter/ BarryM. Brenner

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xiv ~ PART13 Disorders01theGastrointestinal System.. DISORDERSOFTHEALlMENTARYTRAO

284 Approach to the Patient withGastrointestinalDisease 1831

WilliamL.Hasler/ Chung Owyang

285 GastrointestinalEndoscopy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1836

Louis Michel Wong-Kee-Song/ Mark Topazian" e25 VideoAtlas01GastrointestinalEndoscopy.. . .. .e195Louis Michel Wong-Kee-Song/ Mark Topazian

286 Diseases01theEsophagus.... ... ... ... .. 1847Raj K. Goyal

287 PepticUlcerDiseaseand RelatedDisorders.. .. ... .. 1855JohnDel Valle

288 Disorders01Absorption 1872HenryJ.Binder

289 InflammatoryBowelDisease 1886SoniaPriedman/ RichardS.Blumberg

290 Irritable BowelSyndrome 1899Chung Owyang

291 DiverticularDiseaseandCommonAnorectalDisorders 1903SusanL. Gearhart

292 Mesenteric VascularInsufficiency 1910Susan L. Gearhart

293 AcuteIntestinalObstruction 1912Susan L. Gearhart/ William Silen

294 AcuteAppendicitisand peritonitis 1914Susan L. Gearhart/ William Si/en.. LlVERAND BILlARY TRAO DISEASE

295 Approach tothepatientwithLiverDisease 1918MarcGhany/ JayH. Hoofnagle

296 Evaluation01LiverFunction 1923Daniel S. Pratt / MarshallM.Kaplan

297 TheHyperbilirubinemias 1927Allan W Wolkoff

298 Acute Viral Hepatitis.. ... ... ... . .. . ... ... ... ... .. 1932JulesL. Dienstag

299 ToxicandDrug-InducedHepatitis ... 1949Jules L. Dienstag

300 Chronic Hepatitis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1955

Jules L. Dienstag

301 AlcoholicLiverDisease 1969Mark E. Mailliard/ MichaelF.Sorrell

302 Cirrhosisand Its Complications.................... 1971BruceR.Bacon

" e26 Atlas01LiverBiopsies .e203JulesL. Dienstag/ Atul K. Bhan

303 Genetic,Metabolic,and InliltrativeDiseases Affecting the Liver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1980Bruce R. Bacon

304 Liver Transplantation . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1983Jules L. Dienstag / Raymond T. Chung

305 Diseases01the Gallbladderand Bile Ducts.... ... .. 1991

Norton J.Greenberger / Gustav Paumgartner

..DISORDERS OF THE PANCREAS

306 Approach to the Patientwith Pancreatic Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2001

Phillip P. Toskes / Norton J. Greenberger

307 Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2005Norton J. Greenberger / Phillip P. Toskes

~. PART14 Disorders01 the ImmuneSystem, ConnectiveTissue,and Joints.. THE IMMUNESYSTEMIN HEALTHAND DISEASE

308 Introductionto the Immune System 2019Barton F.Haynes / KellyA. Soderberg / Anthony S.Pauci

309 TheMajor HistocompatibilityComplex 2045Gerald T. Nepom

310 Primary Immune Deliciency Diseases 2053Max D. Cooper / Harry W Schroeder,Jr.

" e27 PrimaryImmunodelicienciesAssociatedwith or Secondary to Other Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e207Max D. Cooper / Harry W Schroeder,Jr...DISORDERS OF IMMUNE-MEDIATED INJURY

311 Allergies, Anaphylaxis, andSystemicMastocytosis 2061K. PrankAusten

312 Autoimmunity and AutoimmuneDiseases 2071PeterE. Lipsky / Betty Diamond

313 SystemicLupusErythematosus 2075BevraHannahs Hahn

Rheumatoid Arthritis 2083PeterE.LipskyAcute Rheumatic Fever. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. 2092

JonathanR. Carapetis

SystemicSclerosis(Scleroderma)and RelatedDisorders 2096John Varga

Sjogren'sSyndrome 2107HaralamposM. Moutsopoulos

TheSpondyloarthritides 2109Joel D. Taurog

TheVasculitisSyndromes 2119CarolA. Langford/ Anthony S. Pauci

e28 Atlas 01 Clinicallmaging inthe Vasculitic Syndromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e209Carol A. Langford / Anthony S. Pauci

Beh~et's Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2132

Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos

Relapsing Polychondritis .. ... ... . ... . .. .. 2133Carol A. Langford / Bruce C. Gilliland

Sarcoidosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2135

Robert P. Baughman / Elyse E. Lower

FamilialMediterraneanFever 2142Daniel L. Kastner

324 Amyloidosis 2145David C. Seldin / Martha Skinner

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

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__DISORDERSOFTHEJOINTSANDADJACENTTlSSUES

325 Approachto ArticularandMusculoskeletalDisorders 2149JohnJ.Cush/ PeterE.Lipsky

326 Osteoarthritis 2158DavidT.Fe/son

327 Goutand OtherCrystal-AssociatedArthropathies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2165

H. Ralph Schumacher/ Lan X. Chen

328 InfediousArthritis... ... ... ... ... .. 2169LawrenceC.Madoff

329 Fibromyalgia 2175CarolA. Langford/ BruceC. Gilliland

330 ArthritisAssociatedwith SystemicDiseaseandOtherArthritides.... ... . ... ... .. 2177

CarolA. Langford/ BruceC. Gilliland

331 PeriarticularDisordersof the Extremities 2184CarolA. Langford/ BruceC. Gilliland

~. PART1S Endocrinolog'y;r- and Metabohsm

__ENDOCRINOLOGY

332 PrincipiesofEndocrinology.... .. . .. . 2187J.Larry Jameson

333 DisordersoftheAnteriorPituitaryand Hypothalamus . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 2195Shlomo Me/med / J.Larry Jameson

334 Disordersof the Neurohypophysis ................. 2217

GaryL. Robertson

335 Disorders ofthe Thyroid Gland . .. . .. .. .. . . .. . . .. . . 2224

J.Larry Jameson/ Anthony P.Weetman

336 Disordersof the AdrenalCortex 2247Gordon H. Williams / Robert G. Dluhy

337 Pheochromocytoma 2269Hartmut P.H. Neumann

338 DiabetesMellitus 2275Alvin C.Powers

339 Hypoglycemia 2305PhilipE.Cryer

340 Disordersof the TestesandMale Reprodudive System .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. .. . .. .. . 2310Shalender Bhasin / J. Larry Jameson

341 TheFemaleReprodudiveSystem:Infertility and Contraception., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2324JanetE.Hall

342 TheMenopauseTransitionandPostmenopausalHormoneTherapy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2334JoAnnE.Manson / Shari S.Bassuk

343 Disordersof SexDevelopment 2339John C. Achermann / J. Larry Jameson

344 EndocrineTumorsof theGastrointestinalTradandPancreas.... ... . ... ... .. 2347RobertT.Jensen

345 DisordersAffeding MultipleEndocrineSystems 2358CamiloJimenez / RobertF.Gage/

..DISORDERS OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLlSM

346 Doneand Mineral Metabolismin Health and Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2365

F.RichardBringhurst / Marie B. Demay /Stephen M. Krane/ Henry M. Kronenberg

347 Diseasesof the parathyroidGlandandOtherHyper-and HypocalcemicDisorders 2377John T. Potts, Jr.

348 Osteoporosis 2397

Robert Lindsay / Fe/icia Cosman

349 pagetDiseaseandOtherDysplasiasofDone.. . . . .. 2408

Murray J. Favus / Tamara J. Vokes

xv

__DISORDERSOFINTERMEDIARYMETABOLlSM

350 Disordersof LipoproteinMetabolism .. .... ... 2416DanielJ. Rader / He/enH. Hobbs

351 Hemochromatosis 2429Lawrie W Powell

352 ThePorphyrias 2434RobertJ. Desnick/ Kenneth H. Astrin

DisordersofpurineandPyrimidineMetabolism.. .. 2444Robert L. Wortmann

WilsonDisease 2449

George J. Brewer

LysosomalStorageDisease... ... ... 2452RobertJ. Hopkin / GregoryA. Grabowski

Glycogen Storage Diseases and OtherInheritedDisordersof Carbohydrate Metabolism . .. 2457Yuan- Tsong Chen

Heritable Disorders of Connedive Tissue. . . . . . . . . .. 2461

Darwin J. Prockop / Malwina Czarny-Ratajczak

Inherited Disorders of Amino AcidMetabolismin Adults 2470

Nicola Longo

Inherited Defeds of Membrane Transport 2474

Nicola Longo

e29 Atlas of Clinical Manifestationsof Metabolic Diseases .e215

J. Larry Jameson

353

354

355

356

357

358

359

-" PART 16 NeurologicDisorders_DIAGNOSIS OF NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS

360 Mechanismsof NeurologicDiseases .. ... ... . .. 2477Stephen L. Hauser / M. Flint Beal

361 Approach to the patient with Neurologic Disease . .. 2484Danie/ H. Lowenstein / Joseph B. Martin /

Stephen L. Hauser

362 Neuroimaging in Neurologic Disorders 2489William P. Dillon

fj e30 Atlas of Neuroimaging e225Andre Furtado / William P. Dillon

fj e31 ElectrodiagnosticStudiesof NervousSystemDisorders: EEG,Evoked Potentials, and EMG. . . . . . . . . e261Michae/J. Aminoff

fj e32 Technique of Lumbar Pundure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e267Elizabeth Robbins / Stephen L. Hauser

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xvi .. OISEASESOFTHECENTRALNERVOUSSYSTEM

363 Seizures and Epilepsy 2498DanielH. Lowenstein

364 CerebrovascularDiseases.. .... ..... ... .. ... . 2513WadeS.Smith/ JoeyD. English/ S.ClaiborneJohnston

365 Dementia 2536ThomasD. Bird / BruceL.Mil/er

366 Parkinson'SDiseaseand OtherExtrapyramidalMovementDisorders 2549Mahlon R.DeLong/ JorgeL.Juncos

367 HyperkineticMovementDisorders.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2560C. Warren Olanow

368 Ataxic Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2565

RogerN. Rosenberg

369 Amyotrophiclateral SderosisandOtherMotorNeuronDiseases 2572Robert H.Brown,Jr.

370 DisordersoftheAutonomicNervousSystem.. . . . . .. 2576Phil/ip A. Low / John W Engstrom

371 Trigeminal Neuralgia, Bell's palsy, andOther Cranial Nerve Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2583

M. Flint Beal / Stephen L. Hauser

372 Diseases of the SpinalCord.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2588

Stephen L. Hauser / Allan H. Ropper

373 Concussion andOtherHeadInjuries.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2596Allan H. Ropper

374 Primaryand MetastaticTumorsof the NervousSystem 2601Stephen M. Sagar/ Mark A. Israel

375 Multiple Sderosisand OtherDemyelinatingDiseases 2611StephenL. Hauser / DouglasS. Goodin

376 Meningitis,Encephalitis,BrainAbscess,and Empyema 2621Karen L. Roos / Kenneth L. Tyler

377 ChronicandRecurrentMeningitis.... ... . .. . . 2641WalterJ.Koroshetz/ Morton N. Swartz

378 prion Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2646

Stanley B. Prusiner / Bruce L. Mil/er..NERVEANOMUSCLEOISOROERS

379 PeripheralNeuropathy.. ... ... ... .... ... .. 2651Vinay Chaudhry

380 Guillain-BarréSyndromeand OtherImmune-MediatedNeuropathies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2667Stephen L. Hauser / Arthur K. Asbury

381 Myasthenia Gravis and Other Diseasesof the Neuromuscular Junction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2672

Daniel B. Drachman

382 Muscular Dystrophies andOther Musde Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2678

Robert H. Brown, Jr. / Anthony A. Amato /Jerry R. Mendell

Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis,and Indusion Body Myositis 2696Marinos C. Dalakas

e33 Speciallssues in InpatientNeurologic Consultation .e271S. Andrew Josephson / Martin A. Samuels

383

_ CHRONICFATIGUESYNOROME

384 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2703Stephen E. Straus_ PSYCHIATRICOISOROERS

385 Biology of Psychiatric Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2705Steven E. Hyman / EricKandel

386 Mental Disorders 2710Victor 1.Reus

__ ALCOHOLlSMANOORUGOEPENOENCY

387 Alcoholand Alcoholism 2724Marc A. Schuckit

388 OpioidDrugAbuseand Dependence 2729Marc A. Schuckit

389 Cocaineand OtherCommonlyAbusedDrugs. . . . ... 2733Jack H. Mendelson / Nancy K. Mello

390 Nicotine Addiction . . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . . .. .. . . . . . oo. 2736David M. Burns

-~ PART17 Poisoning, DrugOverdose,and Envenomation

e34 Heavy Metal Poisoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e277Howard Hu

e35 Poisoning and Drug Overdosage e281Christopher H. Linden / Michael J. Burns /

Mark B. Mycyk

Disorders Caused by Reptile Bitesand MarineAnimal Exposures 2741Paul S. Auerbach / Robert L. Norris

Ectoparasite Infestations andArthropodBitesand Stings 2748Richard J. Pollack/ JamesH. Maguire

391

392

-~ PART18 e-ChaptersfromInternationalAdvisoryEditors

e36 pulmonaryBiomarkersinCOPO .. . . . . . . . .. e297Peter J.Barnes

e37 Chagas'Disease:Advancesin Diagnosisand Management e303Andrei C. Sposito/ JoseA. F.Ramires

e38 ThePolypill e307K. Srinath Reddy / Nitish Naik / Ambuj Roye39 MitochondrialDNAandHeritable Traitsand Diseases.. . . .. . .. .. . .. . . . .. . .. e311Karl Skorecki / Hanna Mandel

APPENOIXlaboratory Values of Clinicallmportance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-lAlexander Kratz/ MichaelA. Pesce/ DanielJ. Fink

INOEX 1-1