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Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 1
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia
INTEGRACIOacuteN DE LAS TEacuteCNICAS MENTE-CUERPO EN SALUD INTEGRATIVA
AYLA FAULIacuteN GARCIacuteADEPARTAMENTO ENFERMERIacuteA CMIEXPERTA EN YOGA Y MEDITACIOacuteN
ESTREacuteS
REACCIONES BIOLOacuteGICAS
REACCIONES PSICOLOacuteGICAS
REACCIONES CONDUCTUALES
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 3
TEacuteCNICAS MENTE-CUERPO
ldquointervenciones que usan una variedad de teacutecnicas disentildeadas para facilitar la capacidad de la mente para influir sobre las funciones corporales y sus siacutentomasrdquo
Instituto Nacional de la Salud en USA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN TIENE LA CAPACIDAD DE ESTIMULAR NUESTRO CEREBRO PARA
LIBERAR HORMONAS Y NEUROTRANSMISORES
bull LA DOPAMINA juega un papel clave en la capacidad del cerebro para experimentar placer sentirse recompensado y mantener la atencioacuten
bull LA SEROTONINA tiene un efecto calmante
Alivia la tensioacuten y nos ayuda a sentir menos estreacutes y estar maacutes concentrado Los bajos niveles de este neurotransmisor se han vinculado a las migrantildeas la ansiedad el trastorno bipolar la apatiacutea los sentimientos de inutilidad la fatiga y el insomnio
bull LA OXITOCINA la misma sustancia quiacutemica cuyos niveles aumentan durante la excitacioacuten sexual el parto y la lactancia es una hormona del placer Crea sentimientos de calma satisfaccioacuten y seguridad al tiempo que reduce el miedo y la ansiedad
bull LAS ENDORFINAS Estos neurotransmisores desempentildean muchas funciones relacionadas con el bienestar incluyendo la disminucioacuten de la sensacioacuten de dolor y la reduccioacuten de los efectos secundarios del estreacutes
BENEFICIOS DE LA MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MITIGAR LOS EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS
bull NOTORIA REDUCCIOacuteN DEL ESTREacuteS
bull REGULA SISTEMA INMUNOLOacuteGICO
bull CLARIDAD MENTAL Y MENTE POSITIVA
bull MEJORA LA RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES
bull REDUCE EL RIESGO DE MUCHAS PATOLOGIacuteAS
bull AUMENTA LA ENERGIacuteA VITAL
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
ESTREacuteS
REACCIONES BIOLOacuteGICAS
REACCIONES PSICOLOacuteGICAS
REACCIONES CONDUCTUALES
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 3
TEacuteCNICAS MENTE-CUERPO
ldquointervenciones que usan una variedad de teacutecnicas disentildeadas para facilitar la capacidad de la mente para influir sobre las funciones corporales y sus siacutentomasrdquo
Instituto Nacional de la Salud en USA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN TIENE LA CAPACIDAD DE ESTIMULAR NUESTRO CEREBRO PARA
LIBERAR HORMONAS Y NEUROTRANSMISORES
bull LA DOPAMINA juega un papel clave en la capacidad del cerebro para experimentar placer sentirse recompensado y mantener la atencioacuten
bull LA SEROTONINA tiene un efecto calmante
Alivia la tensioacuten y nos ayuda a sentir menos estreacutes y estar maacutes concentrado Los bajos niveles de este neurotransmisor se han vinculado a las migrantildeas la ansiedad el trastorno bipolar la apatiacutea los sentimientos de inutilidad la fatiga y el insomnio
bull LA OXITOCINA la misma sustancia quiacutemica cuyos niveles aumentan durante la excitacioacuten sexual el parto y la lactancia es una hormona del placer Crea sentimientos de calma satisfaccioacuten y seguridad al tiempo que reduce el miedo y la ansiedad
bull LAS ENDORFINAS Estos neurotransmisores desempentildean muchas funciones relacionadas con el bienestar incluyendo la disminucioacuten de la sensacioacuten de dolor y la reduccioacuten de los efectos secundarios del estreacutes
BENEFICIOS DE LA MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MITIGAR LOS EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS
bull NOTORIA REDUCCIOacuteN DEL ESTREacuteS
bull REGULA SISTEMA INMUNOLOacuteGICO
bull CLARIDAD MENTAL Y MENTE POSITIVA
bull MEJORA LA RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES
bull REDUCE EL RIESGO DE MUCHAS PATOLOGIacuteAS
bull AUMENTA LA ENERGIacuteA VITAL
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 3
TEacuteCNICAS MENTE-CUERPO
ldquointervenciones que usan una variedad de teacutecnicas disentildeadas para facilitar la capacidad de la mente para influir sobre las funciones corporales y sus siacutentomasrdquo
Instituto Nacional de la Salud en USA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN TIENE LA CAPACIDAD DE ESTIMULAR NUESTRO CEREBRO PARA
LIBERAR HORMONAS Y NEUROTRANSMISORES
bull LA DOPAMINA juega un papel clave en la capacidad del cerebro para experimentar placer sentirse recompensado y mantener la atencioacuten
bull LA SEROTONINA tiene un efecto calmante
Alivia la tensioacuten y nos ayuda a sentir menos estreacutes y estar maacutes concentrado Los bajos niveles de este neurotransmisor se han vinculado a las migrantildeas la ansiedad el trastorno bipolar la apatiacutea los sentimientos de inutilidad la fatiga y el insomnio
bull LA OXITOCINA la misma sustancia quiacutemica cuyos niveles aumentan durante la excitacioacuten sexual el parto y la lactancia es una hormona del placer Crea sentimientos de calma satisfaccioacuten y seguridad al tiempo que reduce el miedo y la ansiedad
bull LAS ENDORFINAS Estos neurotransmisores desempentildean muchas funciones relacionadas con el bienestar incluyendo la disminucioacuten de la sensacioacuten de dolor y la reduccioacuten de los efectos secundarios del estreacutes
BENEFICIOS DE LA MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MITIGAR LOS EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS
bull NOTORIA REDUCCIOacuteN DEL ESTREacuteS
bull REGULA SISTEMA INMUNOLOacuteGICO
bull CLARIDAD MENTAL Y MENTE POSITIVA
bull MEJORA LA RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES
bull REDUCE EL RIESGO DE MUCHAS PATOLOGIacuteAS
bull AUMENTA LA ENERGIacuteA VITAL
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
TEacuteCNICAS MENTE-CUERPO
ldquointervenciones que usan una variedad de teacutecnicas disentildeadas para facilitar la capacidad de la mente para influir sobre las funciones corporales y sus siacutentomasrdquo
Instituto Nacional de la Salud en USA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN TIENE LA CAPACIDAD DE ESTIMULAR NUESTRO CEREBRO PARA
LIBERAR HORMONAS Y NEUROTRANSMISORES
bull LA DOPAMINA juega un papel clave en la capacidad del cerebro para experimentar placer sentirse recompensado y mantener la atencioacuten
bull LA SEROTONINA tiene un efecto calmante
Alivia la tensioacuten y nos ayuda a sentir menos estreacutes y estar maacutes concentrado Los bajos niveles de este neurotransmisor se han vinculado a las migrantildeas la ansiedad el trastorno bipolar la apatiacutea los sentimientos de inutilidad la fatiga y el insomnio
bull LA OXITOCINA la misma sustancia quiacutemica cuyos niveles aumentan durante la excitacioacuten sexual el parto y la lactancia es una hormona del placer Crea sentimientos de calma satisfaccioacuten y seguridad al tiempo que reduce el miedo y la ansiedad
bull LAS ENDORFINAS Estos neurotransmisores desempentildean muchas funciones relacionadas con el bienestar incluyendo la disminucioacuten de la sensacioacuten de dolor y la reduccioacuten de los efectos secundarios del estreacutes
BENEFICIOS DE LA MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MITIGAR LOS EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS
bull NOTORIA REDUCCIOacuteN DEL ESTREacuteS
bull REGULA SISTEMA INMUNOLOacuteGICO
bull CLARIDAD MENTAL Y MENTE POSITIVA
bull MEJORA LA RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES
bull REDUCE EL RIESGO DE MUCHAS PATOLOGIacuteAS
bull AUMENTA LA ENERGIacuteA VITAL
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
LA MEDITACIOacuteN TIENE LA CAPACIDAD DE ESTIMULAR NUESTRO CEREBRO PARA
LIBERAR HORMONAS Y NEUROTRANSMISORES
bull LA DOPAMINA juega un papel clave en la capacidad del cerebro para experimentar placer sentirse recompensado y mantener la atencioacuten
bull LA SEROTONINA tiene un efecto calmante
Alivia la tensioacuten y nos ayuda a sentir menos estreacutes y estar maacutes concentrado Los bajos niveles de este neurotransmisor se han vinculado a las migrantildeas la ansiedad el trastorno bipolar la apatiacutea los sentimientos de inutilidad la fatiga y el insomnio
bull LA OXITOCINA la misma sustancia quiacutemica cuyos niveles aumentan durante la excitacioacuten sexual el parto y la lactancia es una hormona del placer Crea sentimientos de calma satisfaccioacuten y seguridad al tiempo que reduce el miedo y la ansiedad
bull LAS ENDORFINAS Estos neurotransmisores desempentildean muchas funciones relacionadas con el bienestar incluyendo la disminucioacuten de la sensacioacuten de dolor y la reduccioacuten de los efectos secundarios del estreacutes
BENEFICIOS DE LA MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MITIGAR LOS EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS
bull NOTORIA REDUCCIOacuteN DEL ESTREacuteS
bull REGULA SISTEMA INMUNOLOacuteGICO
bull CLARIDAD MENTAL Y MENTE POSITIVA
bull MEJORA LA RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES
bull REDUCE EL RIESGO DE MUCHAS PATOLOGIacuteAS
bull AUMENTA LA ENERGIacuteA VITAL
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
bull LA DOPAMINA juega un papel clave en la capacidad del cerebro para experimentar placer sentirse recompensado y mantener la atencioacuten
bull LA SEROTONINA tiene un efecto calmante
Alivia la tensioacuten y nos ayuda a sentir menos estreacutes y estar maacutes concentrado Los bajos niveles de este neurotransmisor se han vinculado a las migrantildeas la ansiedad el trastorno bipolar la apatiacutea los sentimientos de inutilidad la fatiga y el insomnio
bull LA OXITOCINA la misma sustancia quiacutemica cuyos niveles aumentan durante la excitacioacuten sexual el parto y la lactancia es una hormona del placer Crea sentimientos de calma satisfaccioacuten y seguridad al tiempo que reduce el miedo y la ansiedad
bull LAS ENDORFINAS Estos neurotransmisores desempentildean muchas funciones relacionadas con el bienestar incluyendo la disminucioacuten de la sensacioacuten de dolor y la reduccioacuten de los efectos secundarios del estreacutes
BENEFICIOS DE LA MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MITIGAR LOS EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS
bull NOTORIA REDUCCIOacuteN DEL ESTREacuteS
bull REGULA SISTEMA INMUNOLOacuteGICO
bull CLARIDAD MENTAL Y MENTE POSITIVA
bull MEJORA LA RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES
bull REDUCE EL RIESGO DE MUCHAS PATOLOGIacuteAS
bull AUMENTA LA ENERGIacuteA VITAL
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
bull LA OXITOCINA la misma sustancia quiacutemica cuyos niveles aumentan durante la excitacioacuten sexual el parto y la lactancia es una hormona del placer Crea sentimientos de calma satisfaccioacuten y seguridad al tiempo que reduce el miedo y la ansiedad
bull LAS ENDORFINAS Estos neurotransmisores desempentildean muchas funciones relacionadas con el bienestar incluyendo la disminucioacuten de la sensacioacuten de dolor y la reduccioacuten de los efectos secundarios del estreacutes
BENEFICIOS DE LA MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MITIGAR LOS EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS
bull NOTORIA REDUCCIOacuteN DEL ESTREacuteS
bull REGULA SISTEMA INMUNOLOacuteGICO
bull CLARIDAD MENTAL Y MENTE POSITIVA
bull MEJORA LA RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES
bull REDUCE EL RIESGO DE MUCHAS PATOLOGIacuteAS
bull AUMENTA LA ENERGIacuteA VITAL
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
BENEFICIOS DE LA MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MITIGAR LOS EFECTOS SECUNDARIOS DE LOS TRATAMIENTOS
bull NOTORIA REDUCCIOacuteN DEL ESTREacuteS
bull REGULA SISTEMA INMUNOLOacuteGICO
bull CLARIDAD MENTAL Y MENTE POSITIVA
bull MEJORA LA RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES
bull REDUCE EL RIESGO DE MUCHAS PATOLOGIacuteAS
bull AUMENTA LA ENERGIacuteA VITAL
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
bull DISMINUCIOacuteN DE ESTADO ANSIOSO-DEPRESIVO
bull DISMINUYE LA PERCEPCIOacuteN DEL DOLOR
bull MEJORA LA CALIDAD DEL SUENtildeO
bull EL LOGRO DE TUS METAS SE HACE MAacuteS FAacuteCIL
bull MAYOR FACILIDAD DE VIVIR EN TIEMPO PRESENTE
bull DESARROLLO DE UNA FORTALEZA INTERIOR
bull hellip
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
EMOCIONES PENSAMIENTOS
RESPUESTAS FISIOLOacuteGICAS
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
TEacuteCNICAS
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
bull YOGA Y RELAJACIOacuteN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN
bull MINDFULNESS
bull VISUALIZACIOacuteN O IMAGINERIacuteA GUIADA
bull TERAPIAS COGNITIVO CONDUCTUALES
bull HIPNOSIS
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
bull LA ORACIOacuteN
bull TERAPIAS MANUALES
bull TAI CHI CHUAN
bull ZEN
bull MEDITACIOacuteN TRASCENDENTAL
hellip
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
COHERENCIA CARDIACA
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 14
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
CUATRO PASOS ANTIESTRES bull TRANQUILIZAR EL CORAZON
RESPIRACIOacuteN TORAacuteCICA
bull TRANQUILIZAR LA MENTE VISUALIZACIOacuteN CREATIVA
bull TRASLADAR LA IMAGEN AL CORAZOacuteN
bull TRASLADAR LA EMOCIOacuteN AL RESTO DEL CUERPO
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 15
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
CASOS CLIacuteNICOS
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
MANUELA 45 antildeos Insomnio croacutenico Ama de casa
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
LOURDES paciente 50 antildeos Diag fibromialgia Administrativa
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
ESTUDIOS CIENTIacuteFICOS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 19
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
Ocho semanas de meditacioacuten pueden cambiar el cerebroLas aacutereas de materia gris relacionadas con la memoria la empatiacutea y el estreacutes se
transforman de forma considerable
La meditacioacuten puede provocar cambios considerables en las estructuras del cerebro
bull No lo dice un grupo laquonew ageraquo ni unos amantes de la pseudociencia o de la falsa espiritualidad sino un equipo de psiquiatras liderado por el Hospital General de Massachusetts que ha realizado el primer estudio que documenta coacutemo ejercitar la meditacioacuten puede afectar al cerebro Seguacuten sus conclusiones publicadas en Psychiatry Research la praacutectica de un programa de meditacioacuten durante ocho semanas puede provocar considerables cambios en las regiones cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria la autoconciencia la empatiacutea y el estreacutes Es decir que algo considerado espiritual nos transforma fiacutesicamente y puede mejorar nuestro bienestar y nuestra salud
bull laquoAunque la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten estaacute asociada a una sensacioacuten de tranquilidad y relajacioacuten fiacutesica los meacutedicos han afirmadodurante mucho tiempo que la meditacioacuten tambieacuten proporciona beneficios cognitivos y psicoloacutegicos que persisten durante todo el diacutearaquo explica la psiquiatra Sara Lazar autora principal del estudio laquoLa nueva investigacioacuten demuestra que los cambios en la estructura del cerebro pueden estar detraacutes de esos beneficios demostrados y que la gente no se siente mejor solo porque se han relajadoraquo apunta
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
LA MEDITACIOacuteN NOS AYUDA A SER MAacuteS POSITIVOS PREVENIR LA ANSIEDAD O ENFERMEDADES Y TRASTORNOS COMO EL ALZHEIMER EL CAacuteNCER O LA
ESQUIZOFRENIAUn grupo de investigadores de la Universidad de Yale ha comprobado los beneficios que tiene la meditacioacuten sobre el cerebro
El estudio demuestra que la praacutectica de la meditacioacuten permite alejar con maacutes frecuencia los pensamientos negativos y desconectaraquellas aacutereas cerebrales en las que se desarrollan patologiacuteas como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
La investigacioacuten publicada en Proceedings de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de EEUU ha consistido en la realizacioacuten de resonancias magneacuteticas a personas que practican frecuentemente la meditacioacuten y a otras que no la habiacutean realizado nunca mientras practicaban tres teacutecnicas de diferentes
Descubrieron que las personas acostumbradas a meditar mostraban una disminucioacuten de la actividad en las aacutereas del cerebro implicadas en los despistes y trastornos como el deacuteficit de atencioacuten ansiedad y el trastorno de hiperactividad e incluso la acumulacioacuten de placas beta-amiloide en la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Judson A Brewer responsable de la investigacioacuten afirma que ldquose ha demostrado que la meditacioacuten ayuda en una variedad de problemas de salud como dejar de fumar lidiar con el caacutencer e incluso prevenir la psoriasishellip Muchas formas de enfermedad mental se caracterizan por la preocupacioacuten por los propios pensamientos una condicioacuten que la meditacioacuten parece afectarrdquo
El investigador tambieacuten afirmoacute que las personas que recurren habitualmente a la meditacioacuten tienen una concepcioacuten diferente sobre el mundo permaneciendo en constante alerta frente a lo exterior en lugar de escuchar con tanto detenimiento el ldquoyo interiorrdquo en los pensamientos o las divagaciones En las formas patoloacutegicas estos estados estaacuten asociados con enfermedades como el autismo y la esquizofrenia
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
UN ESTUDIO CIENTIacuteFICO DEMUESTRA QUE LAS PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN MEDITACIOacuteN GOZAN DE MEJOR SALUD Y BIENESTAR
Los doctores Nicolaacutes Fayed jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de Hospital Quiroacuten
Zaragoza Yolanda Loacutepez del Hoyo del departamento de sociologiacutea y psicologiacutea de la Universidad
de Zaragoza y Javier Garciacutea-Campayo del servicio de psiquiatriacutea del Hospital Miguel Servet de
Zaragoza han realizado un nuevo estudio que demuestra que las personas que practican
meditacioacuten gozan de mejor salud y bienestar
Este estudio que fue publicado el pasado mes de marzo en la prestigiosa revista cientiacutefica PLOS
ONE ha sido realizado con teacutecnicas de resonancia magneacutetica que permiten medir las sustancias
quiacutemicas e interconexiones neuronales y por lo tanto los cambios cerebrales que se producen en
meditadores zen Para ello el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed y sus colegas compararon los cerebros de diez
meditadores de un monasterio budista quienes contaban con una media de 191 meses y por lo
menos una hora diaria de meditacioacuten y otras diez personas sanas que no practicaban meditacioacuten
pertenecientes al equipo del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza
ldquoTal y como muestran este y otros estudios de investigacioacuten hay una clara relacioacuten entre nuestras
neuronas y las emocionesrdquo Ademaacutes sentildeala el Dr Nicolaacutes Fayed ldquoel Dr Murakami en su estudio
The estructure of mindful brain ya demostroacute con resonancia funcional coacutemo los meditadores
presentan un aumento de la actividad en el loacutebulo frontal (asociado a las emociones de felicidad y
bienestar) y tambieacuten de la iacutensula que funciona como el centro neuroloacutegico de la integracioacuten
afectiva autoacutenoma y cognitivardquo Por otro lado el jefe de servicio de diagnoacutestico por imagen de
Hospital Quiroacuten Zaragoza explica que ldquootros estudios en pacientes con estreacutes han demostrado
cambios cerebrales en tan soacutelo ocho semanas despueacutes de comenzar la meditacioacutenrdquo
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
AmritaMeditation Technique onAdrenaline and Cortisol Levels in Healthy
VolunteersBalakrishnan Vandana1 Kannan Vaidyanathan2 Lakshmiy Ammal Saraswathy1
Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram3 and Harish Kumar4
1Department of Physiology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
2Department of Biochemistry Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
3Department of Biostatistics Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
4Department of Endocrinology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Amrita Lane Ponekkara PO Cochin 682 041 Kerala India
Correspondence should be addressed to Balakrishnan Vandana vandanabalakrishnanaimsamritaedu
Received 9 September 2010 Revised 27 November 2010 Accepted 8 January 2011
Copyright copy 2011 Balakrishnan Vandana et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly
cited
Conclusion
The significant fall in adrenaline levels and the downward trend seen in cortisol show the immediate and longterm efficacy of the IAM Technique in reducing the stress
hormones
CLIacuteNICA MEDICINA INTEGRATIVA
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
J Health Psychol 2018 May 11359105318772608 doi 1011771359105318772608 [Epub ahead of print]
Mediational pathways of meditation and exercise on mental health and perceived stress A randomized controlled trialGoldstein E1 Topitzes J2 Brown RL1 Barrett B1
Author information
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of mindfulness and exercise training on indicators of mental health and stress by examining shared mediators of program effects Community-recruited adults ( Nthinsp=thinsp413) were randomized into one of three conditions (a) mindfulness-based stress reduction (b) moderate intensity exercise or (c) wait-list control Composite indicator structural equation models estimated direct indirect and total effects Results showed that mindfulness-based self-efficacy fulfilled a prominent role in mediating meditation and exercise program effects Findings suggest that mindfulness and exercise training share similar mechanisms that can improve global mental health including adaptive responses to stress
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 24
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
Enhancement of Meditation Analgesia by Opioid Antagonist in ExperiencedMeditators
May LM1 Kosek P2 Zeidan F3 Berkman ET4
Author information
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Studies have consistently shown that long-term meditation practice is associated with reduced pain but the neural mechanisms by which long-term meditation practice reduces pain remain unclear This study tested endogenous opioid involvement in meditationanalgesia associatedwith long-term meditation practice
METHODS
Electrical pain was induced with randomized double-blind cross-over administration of the opioid antagonist Naloxone (015mgkg bolusdose then 02mgkghr infusion dose) with 32 healthy experienced meditation practitioners and a standardized open monitoring meditation
RESULTS
Under saline pain ratings were significantly lower during meditation (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) than at baseline (pain intensity 686 plusmn104 t(31) = 2476 p = 0019 Cohens d = 046 pain unpleasantness 496 plusmn175 t(31) = 3746 p = 0001 Cohens d = 068) confirming the presence of meditation analgesia Comparing saline and Naloxone revealed significantly lower pain intensity(t(31) = 312 p = 0004 d = 056) and pain unpleasantness (t(31) = 347 p = 0002 d = 062) during meditation under Naloxone (painintensity 553 plusmn 154 pain unpleasantness 295 plusmn 188) than under saline (pain intensity 641 plusmn 132 pain unpleasantness 398 plusmn 217) Naloxone not only failed to eliminate meditation analgesia it made meditation analgesia stronger
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term meditation practice does not rely on endogenous opioids to reduce pain Naloxones blockade of opioid receptorsenhanced meditation analgesia pain ratings during meditation were significantly lower under Naloxone than under saline Possible biologicalmechanisms by which Naloxone-induced opioid receptor blockade enhances meditation analgesia are discussed
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 25
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation
Davidson Richard J PhD Kabat-Zinn Jon PhD Schumacher Jessica MS Rosenkranz Melissa BA Muller Daniel MD PhD Santorelli Saki F EdD Urbanowski Ferris MA Harrington Anne PhD Bonus Katherine MA Sheridan John F PhD
Psychosomatic Medicine July 2003 - Volume 65 - Issue 4 - p 564ndash570
doi 10109701PSY000007750567574E3
Article
Abstract
Author Information
Objective The underlying changes in biological processes that are associated with reported changes in mental and physical health in response to meditation have not been systematically explored We performed a randomized controlled study on the effects on brain and immune function of a well-known and widely used 8-week clinical training program in mindfulness meditation applied in a work environment with healthy employees
Methods We measured brain electrical activity before and immediately after and then 4 months after an 8-week training program in mindfulness meditation Twenty-five subjects were tested in the meditation group A wait-list control group (N = 16) was tested at the same points in time as the meditators At the end of the 8-week period subjects in both groups were vaccinated with influenza vaccine
Results We report for the first time significant increases in left-sided anterior activation a pattern previously associated with positive affect in the meditators compared with the nonmeditators We also found significant increases in antibody titers to influenza vaccine among subjects in the meditation compared with those in the wait-list control group Finally the magnitude of increase in left-sided activation predicted the magnitude of antibody titer rise to the vaccine
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that a short program in mindfulness meditation produces demonstrable effects on brain and immune function These findings suggest that meditation may change brain and immune function in positive ways and underscore the need for additional research
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 26
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
J Neurosci Author manuscript available in PMC 2011 Oct 6
Published in final edited form as
J Neurosci 2011 Apr 6 31(14) 5540ndash5548 doi 101523JNEUROSCI5791-102011
PMCID PMC3090218 NIHMSID NIHMS286473 PMID 21471390
Brain Mechanisms Supporting Modulation of Pain by Mindfulness Meditation
F Zeidan1 KT Martucci1 RA Kraft2 NS Gordon3 JG McHaffie1 and RC Coghill1
bull Mindfulness meditation is characterized by two distinct cognitive practices The fundamental practice of mindfulness is called focused attention (Lutz et al 2008) or Shamatha (Sanskrit translation calm abiding) (Wallace 2006) Focused attention promotes a sense of detachment from ongoing affective states and enhances cognitive control (Maclean et al 2010 Zeidan et al 2010c) Traditionally focused attention is cultivated as a prerequisite to another form of mindfulness meditation labeled open monitoring(Lutz et al 2008)or Vipassana (Sanskrit translation insight into the nature of reality)(Wallace 2006) Open monitoring practitioners commonly refer to mindfulness as a moment-to-moment non-evaluative awareness of ldquowhatever arisesrdquo (Wallace 2006) The present findings therefore are distinct from open monitoringrsquos effects on pain In open monitoring meditators are taught to fully experience the intensity of a sensory event Consistent with this open monitoring has been found to reduce painunpleasantness but not pain intensity ratings (Brown and Jones 2010 Perlman et al 2010) Thus focused attention may attenuate pain by altering the elaboration of nociceptive information to pain whereas open monitoring promotes a non-evaluativestance to a fully experienced sensory event
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 27
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
REFERENCIAS
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 28
bull Allison PD Missing data Thousand Oaks Calif Sage Publications 2002
bull Baliki MN Geha PY Fields HL Apkarian AV Predicting value of pain and analgesia nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presenceof chronic pain Neuron 201066149ndash160 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Bantick SJ Wise RG Ploghaus A Clare S Smith SM Tracey I Imaging how attention modulates pain in humans using functional MRI Brain 2002125310ndash319 [PubMed]
bull Berthier M Starkstein S Leiguarda R Asymbolia for pain a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome Ann Neurol 19882441ndash49 [PubMed]
bull Brown CA Jones AK Meditation experience predicts less negative appraisal of pain Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of anticipatory neural responses Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Buhle J Wager TD Does meditation training lead to enduring changes in the anticipation and experience of pain Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Bush G Luu P Posner MI Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex Trends Cogn Sci 20004215ndash222 [PubMed]
bull Buxton RB Wong EC Frank LR Dynamics of blood flow and oxygenation changes during brain activation the balloon model Magn ResonMed 199839855ndash864 [PubMed]
bull Cahn BR Polich J Meditation states and traits EEG ERP and neuroimaging studies Psychol Bull 2006132180ndash211 [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC McHaffie JG Yen YF Neural correlates of interindividual differences in the subjective experience of pain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20031008538ndash8542 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Coghill RC Sang CN Maisog JM Iadarola MJ Pain intensity processing within the human brain a bilateral distributed mechanism J Neurophysiol 1999821934ndash1943 [PubMed]
bull Crick F Function of the thalamic reticular complex the searchlight hypothesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1984814586ndash4590 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 20041016333ndash6334 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Critchley HD Wiens S Rotshtein P Ohman A Dolan RJ Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness Nat Neurosci 20047189ndash195 [PubMed]
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
bull Farb NA Segal ZV Mayberg H Bean J McKeon D Fatima Z Anderson AK Attending to the present mindfulness meditation revealsdistinct neural modes of self-reference Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 20072313ndash322 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
bull Friedman DP Murray EA OrsquoNeill JB Mishkin M Cortical connections of the somatosensory fields of the lateral sulcus of macaques evidence for a corticolimbic pathway for touch J Comp Neurol 1986252323ndash347 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Rainville P Pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of mindful states in Zen meditators a cross-sectional study PsychosomMed 200971106ndash114 [PubMed]
bull Grant JA Courtemanche J Rainville P A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related corticespredicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators Pain 2010 epub ahead of print [PubMed]
bull Grossman P Niemann L Schmidt S Walach H Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits A meta-analysis J Psychosom Res 20045735ndash43 [PubMed]
bull Guillery RW Feig SL Lozsadi DA Paying attention to the thalamic reticular nucleus Trends Neurosci 19982128ndash32 [PubMed]
bull Holzel BK Ott U Hempel H Hackl A Wolf K Stark R Vaitl D Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators Neurosci Lett 200742116ndash21 [PubMed]
bull Kilmer W A thalamo-cortical model of the executive attention system Biol Cybern 200184279ndash289 [PubMed]
bull Koyama T McHaffie JG Laurienti PJ Coghill RC The subjective experience of pain where expectations become reality Proc NatlAcad Sci U S A 200510212950ndash12955 [PMC free article][PubMed]
bull Luh WM Wong EC Bandettini PA Hyde JS QUIPSS II with thin-slice TI1 periodic saturation a method for improving accuracy of quantitative perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling Magn Reson Med 1999411246ndash1254 [PubMed]
bull Lutz A Slagter HA Dunne JD Davidson RJ Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation Trends Cogn Sci 200812163ndash169 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 29
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30
Maacutester y Experto en suplementacioacuten nutricional integrativa basado en la evidencia 30