Malvinas 2011

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011

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GDB^JMDP

4

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

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Yqohjajcd bd qfyqocv``jðm sosdb o ydq`jdb cf fpsd oaqd"fb dbgd`fmdgjfmso fm pjpsfgd jmnoqgäsjò z bd sqdmpgjpjðm

fm `vdbtvjfq noqgd o gfcjo fbf`sqðmjò" gf`ämjò"yoq nosoòyjd" yoq qfejpsqo o yoq osqop gêsocop"

dpç ògo bd cjpsqjav`jðm cf fkfgybdqfp gfcjdmsf dbtvjbfq

o yqêpsdgo yûabjò pjm fb yfqgjpo yqf~jo zyoq fp`qjso cf bop sjsvbdqfp cfb @oyzqjehs-

J-P-A-M- M¹ :58':85'469>'98'8

Jgyqfpo fm Dqefmsjmd

Hf`ho fb cfyðpjso tvf cjpyomf bd bfz 44510

@obf``jðm VY@M bop Md`jomdbfpCjpfôo cf sdyd; Pf`qfsdqçd cf @ogvmj`d`jomfp

@vjcdco cf bd Fcj`jðm; Pdmcqd Cdbb³Dpsd

yoq VY@M^jdgomsf 8>: ' @jvcdc Dvsðmogd cf Avfmop DjqfpQfyûabj`d Dqefmsjmd

Pfevmcd Fcj`jðm

daqjb 1944

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GDB^JMDP

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Gdb~jmdp

VY@M

bop Md`jomdbfp

Cf`bdqdco cf Jmsfqêp Fcv`dsj~o yoq Qfp- M»4>8 P-F-Gjmjpsfqjo cf Fcv`d`jðm cf bd Md`jðm

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GDB^JMDP

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Pf``jomdb @dyjsdb Nfcfqdb z Fgybfdcop Yûabjòp Md`jomdbfp

uuu-vy`mcjejsdb-oqe

VMJOM cfb YFQPOMDB @J^JB cf bd MD@JOM

^jdgomsf 8>: yjpo 3» nqfmsf

(4960* @dyjsdb Nfcfqdb63 '944' 3011'9195/9>:4 jms-3430/3194

PF@QFSDQJD CF @VBSVQD" YVABJ@D@JOMFP Z @DYD@JSD@JOM

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GDB^JMDP

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Ydqd moposqop fp vm oqevbbo yqfpfmsdq fpsf ~obvgfm" pfevmcdfcj`jðm dgybjdcd- Bd yqjgfqd pf deosð" mo tvfcdqom mj bop fkfgybdqfp

tvf pf evdqcdm fm dq`hj~o- Fpop sfxsop tvf pom sfpsjgomjop cf ~fsf'qdmop cf evfqqd" fpsvcjop z qffxjomfp poaqf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp" tvfefmfqopdgfmsf dyoqsdqom sqdadkdcoqfp fpsdsdbfp" òm`jsð vm jmsfqêptvf cfgvfpsqd tvf fb yûabjò fp pfmpjabf d soco dtvfbbo tvf pf qffqfd bdp eqdmcfp `dvpdp md`jomdbfp- Fb cfpyoko db tvf nvjgop pogfsjcop

hd`f gäp cf vm pjebo< bop pfmsjgjfmsop cf qfj~jmcj`d`jðm cf mvfpsqopcfqf`hop poaqf fpf sfqqjsoqjo pfeûm bop cjnfqfmsfp gogfmsop hjpsðqjòp<bd evfqqd tvf ̀ opsð ̀ jfmsop cf ~jcdp kð~fmfp z ~fsfqdmop tvf cfajfqom

yfbfdq cop ~f`fp" vmd fm fb ̀ dgyo cf adsdbbd z osqd fm fb qfòmo`jgjfmsopo`jdb tvf hj{o tvf fpsf bjaqo sv~jfqd vmd jmvpvdb cfgdmcd-

Fm Mo~jfgaqf cf 48>8 fm fb cjdqjo tvf hdaçd nvmcdco" ‒Fb Qço cf

bd Ybdsd‗" Kopê Hfqmämcf{ yvabj`ð vm dqsç`vbo poaqf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp"fm fb tvf dqgdad" fmsqf osqop òm`fysop; ‗Fmsqf sdmso" cfafq fp gvz

pdeqdco cf bd Md`jðm Dqefmsjmd" ~fbdq yoq bd homqd cf pv mogaqf" yoq

bd jmsfeqjcdc cf pv sfqqjsoqjo z yoq bop jmsfqfpfp cf bop dqefmsjmop- Fpop cfqf`hop mo yqfp`qjafm kdgäp‗- Yoq fpso fp tvf pv dqsç`vbo ògybfsodaqf mvfpsqo bjaqo-

Fb dmäbjpjp efobðejò z efoeqäò" jgyqfp`jmcjabfp cdsop" ògosdgajêm bd jgyoqsdm`jd cfb pvapvfbo z pv qjtvf{d" tvf hoz òm`jsd bdfxyboqd`jðm yoq ydqsf cf eqdmcfp fgyqfpdp" cfpòmo`jfmco mvfpsqopcfqf`hop poafqdmop" sfqqjsoqjdbfp z cf socdp bdp qjtvf{dp cfb pvfbo zpvapvfbo-

Yqðboeo

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GDB^JMDP

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Bd pjsvd`jðm kvqçcj`d cf bdp jpbdp< bd hjpsoqjd cf bdp pv`fpj~dpo`vyd`jomfp z cfpyokop cf bop tvf nvjgop ~ç`sjgdp fm fpop fpsqdsêej'òp sfqqjsoqjop" evqdm fm fb bjaqo" fbdaoqdcop yoq `jfmsçòp z sê`mjòpfpsdsdbfp-

Bd ydbdaqd cf vm ̀ ogydôfqo tvf pjfgyqf mop yqfpsd pv ̀ obdaoqd'`jðm tvf yqocv`f fmpdzop z fp`qjsop ydqd fb ̀ dgyo md`jomdb z yoyvbdq"d`sj~o cfnfmpoq cf mvfpsqo cfqf`ho poaqf bdp jpbdp z fgyfôdco fm vmdbv`hd ̀ omsqd bo tvf pf bbdgð bd ‒cfpgdb~jmj{d`jðm‗ ̀ vbsvqdb d bd tvf gv'`hdp ~f`fp mop hdm jmsfmsdco pogfsfq" fb Cq- Nqdm`jpò Yfpsdmhd-

Sqfp dqsç`vbop cf vm yfqjocjpsd" fp`qjsoq" gdfpsqo z" yoq poaqfsoco" gjbjsdmsf cf bd `dvpd md`jomdb" tvf hfgop yfqcjco nçpj`dgfmsf"

yfqo bbf~dqfgop fm mvfpsqo qf`vfqco" eqdm dgjeo cf bd VY@M" fb Cq-Fmqjtvf Obj~d- Vm jm`dmpdabf yqocv`soq cf dqsç`vbop" cfnfmpoq d`êqqjgocf mvfpsqop cfqf`hop poaqf bdp jpbdp" nvf fb òajko cf cjnfqfmsfp dpo'`jd`jomfp cf fx ògadsjfmsfp" vmd cf bdp `vdbfp yqfpjcjð yoq gv`hopdôop- Vm ‗qfpjpsfmsf‗" vm bv`hdcoq tvf mo pf sogð mjmeûm cfp`dmpocf pv ògyqogjpo òm fb yvfabo dqefmsjmo-

Vmd ̀ vfpsjðm nvmcdgfmsdb cf bd yqjgfqd fcj`jðm z fmqjtvf`jcd fm

`dmsjcdc z `dbjcdc fm fpsd pfevmcd fcj`jðm; bop sfpsjgomjop cf òg'ydôfqop sqdadkdcoqfp fpsdsdbfp" yfqsfmf`jfmsfp d mvfpsqo eqfgjo" tvfsfpsjgomjdqom òm pvp fxyfqjfm`jdp ògo d`soqfp cjqf`sop cf bd Evf'qqd cf 4:81- Fpdp `qðmj`dp òmgo~fcoqdp cf tvjfmfp cjfqom bo gfkoq cf pj" cf pv kv~fmsvc" bd gdzoqçd kð~fmfp cf 48 dôop" bop ~obvmsdqjopjmefmjfqop" sê`mjòp" tvf yvpjfqom yoq cfbdmsf fb jmsfqêp cf bd Ydsqjd<bdp yfmvqjdp pvnqjcdp cfafm noqgdq ydqsf cf mvfpsqd gfgoqjd" hdabdq zcjnvmcjq fpdp fxyfqjfm`jdp- Fpd fp bd qd{ðm cf pfq cf mvfpsqd yvabj`d'

`jðm- Fp mvfpsqd fpyfqdm{d tvf fpsf gfmpdkf bbfevf d bop gäp kð~fmfp"ydqd tvf bo cfadsdm z pf ògyqogfsdm òm vm yqjm`jyjo aäpjò; ‒BDPGDB^JMDP POM Z PFQDM DQEFMSJMDP‗-

Pf`qfsdqçd cf @vbsvqd" Yvabj`d`jomfp z @dyd`jsd`jðmVmjðm cfb Yfqpomdb @j~jb cf bd Md`jðm

Pf``jomdb @dyjsdb Nfcfqdb z Fgybfdcop Yûabjòp Md`jomdbfp

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GDB^JMDP

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Gdb~jmdp" sjfqqd `dvsj~d

Cf vm qvajo sjfgyo yjqdsd"

Ydsdeomjd sf pvpyjqd"

Socd bd ydgyd sf bbdgd-

Pfevjqäm bdp gjb admcfqdpCfb gdq" d{vbfp z abdm`dp"

Yfqo fpyfqdgop tvf bv{`dm

Poaqf svp yjfcqdp `bd~dcdp"

Ydqd bbfmdqsf cf `qjobbop"

Ydqd `vqsjqsf bd `dqdHdpsd tvf boeqfp fb efpso

Sqdcj`jomdb cf bd ydsqjd-

Dz" hfqgdmjsd yfqcjcd"

Hfqgdmjsd" ~vfb~f d `dpd-

Nqdegfmso cf ‒Bd Hfqgdmjsd Yfqcjcd‗

cf Dsdhvdbyd Zvydmtvj

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8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

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4- @dqsd Jmsfqfpdmsf-

' Qfbd`jðm cf vm ~jdkf d bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp

Fgyf{dgop hoz fm bd yqjgfqd yäejmd \cf Fb Qço cf bd YbdsdWbd yvabj`d`jðm cf vmd jmsfqfpdmsf `dqsd cfp`qjysj~d cf vm ~jdkf d bdpGdb~jmdp" tvf mop fp cjqjejcd yoq mvfpsqo dgjeo z cjpsjmevjco Kfnf cfbd Gdqjmd Md`jomdb" @ogdmcdmsf C- Dvevpso Bdppfqqf-

@omsjfmf `vqjopjcdcfp jemoqdcdp yoq bd efmfqdbjcdc cf mvfp'sqop bf`soqfp" z mop hd`f òmo`fq cf vmd gdmfqd pfm`jbbd" jmsfqfpdmsfz `bdqd" bd yoabd`jðm" vpop" òpsvgaqfp" jmcvpsqjd" ògfq`jo z cfgäp"qfbdsj~o d dtvfbbdp jpbdp" ̀ vzd pjsvd`jðm efoeqä`d bfp cd vmd eqdmcçpj'gd jgyoqsdm`jd-

Fb @ogdmcdmsf Bdppfqqf nvf @ogjpjomdco fpyf`jdb yoq bd Dpo`jd`jðm cf Pfevqop Gvsvop cf bd Gdqjmd Gfq`dmsf Jsdbjdmd" ydqdbf~dmsdq vmd jmnoqgd`jðm poaqf vm mdvnqdejo" jm`fmcjo z yêqcjcd sosdbcf bd adq`d jsdbjdmd ‒Yfqû‗ fm fb yvfqso cf Dbafgdqbf-

Pdbjð cf Avfmop Djqfp d yqjm`jyjop cf kvbjo yyco-" hdajfmcoòmpfevjco yqoadq" fm cfpfgyfôo cf pv cfbj`dcd ògjpjðm" bd `qjgj'mdbjcdc cfb @dyjsäm cf bd ‒Yfqû‗ tvf" hdajfmco dpfevqdco pv avtvfz ydqsf cfb `dqedgfmso fm vmd `dmsjcdc ògo cf 099-999 nqdmòp" boyfqcjð fxyqfpd z ~obvmsdqjdgfmsf-

Dqsç`vbo cf Kopê Hfqmämcf{"d`fq`d cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp(Mo~jfgaqf cf 48>:*

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@om oakfso cf yqoadq f~jcfmsfgfmsf fpd d``jðm nqdvcvbfm'sd" fmsqf osqop gv`hop co`vgfmsop tvf pf yqo`vqð" z tvf d`qfcjsdmbd jmsfbjefm`jd z d`sj~jcdc cfb @ogdmcdmsf Bdppfqqf pf hdbbd bd `dqsdgdqçsjgd cfb bvedq cfb pjmjfpsqo" bf~dmsdcd fxyqfpdgfmsf yoq êb z dyqo'adcd yoq fb Eoafqmdcoq z Sqjavmdb @obomjdb" cfpyvêp cf pfq pogfsjcdd `vdsqo `dyjsdmfp cf bd Gdqjmd Jmebfpd tvf bd cf`bdqdqom fxd`sd fmsocop pvp yvmsop-

Pvp `äb`vbop cf oapfq~d`jðm" dpç ògo fb pomcdkf nvfqomjevdbgfmsf dyqoadcop-

Fb oqjejmdb cf fpd `dqsd \gdqçsjgdW nvf qfgjsjco yoq êb d pvp

ògjsfmsfp cf Jsdbjd tvjfmfp cfafm hdafqbd yqfpfmsdco zd db Dbgjqdm'sd{eo Jmebêp ydqd pv dyqoad`jðm-

Mvfpsqo dgjeo Bdppfqqf hd cfpjemdco bd yfmçmpvbd tvf noqgdfb `fmsqo cfb yvfqso cf Dbafgdqbf òm fb mogaqf cf Yfqû Qo`l- Mocvcdgop tvf bd ̀ dqsd cfp`qjysj~d z mosj`jopd tvf mop hd cjqjejco" z tvfmop yfqgjsjgop cdq d bd yqfmpd" pfqä bfçcd òm jmsfqêp-

Bbdgdgop poaqf fbbd bd dsfm`jðm cfb yûabjò-

1- Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp- @vfpsjomfp eqd~fp

Bd jmsfqfpdmsf qfbd`jðm cfb ~jdkf d bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp cf mvfp'sqo cjpsjmevjco dgjeo fb pfôoq Bdppfqqf tvf yvabj`dgop hd`f dbevmopcçdp fm Fb Qço cf bd Ybdsd" hd bbdgdco kvpsdgfmsf bd dsfm`jðm cf bdyqfmpd jbvpsqdcd" z hd pjco bfçcd òm yqonvmco z efmfqdb jmsfqêp fmsocd bd yoabd`jðm- Bop dqefmsjmop" fpyf`jdbgfmsf" mo hdm yocjco ob'~jcdq tvf pf sqdsd cf vmd ydqsf gvz jgyoqsdmsf cfb sfqqjsoqjo md`jomdb"vpvqydcd d gfq`fc cf ̀ jq`vmpsdm`jdp cfpnd~oqdabfp" fm vmd êyo`d jm'cf`jpd" fm tvf bd md`jomdbjcdc bv`hdad dûm òm bop fpòbbop oyvfpsopd pv cfmjsj~d oqedmj{d`jðm-

Pf òm`jaf z pf fxybj`d nä`jbgfmsf fpf pfmsjgjfmso yqonvmco

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z `fbopo cf bop yvfabop yoq bd jmsfeqjcdc cf pv sfqqjsoqjo" z tvf bd vpvq'yd`jðm cf vm pobo ydbgo cf sjfqqd jmtvjfsf pv fxjpsfm`jd nvsvqd" ògopj pf mop dqqfadsdqd vm yfcd{o cf mvfpsqd `dqmf-

Bd vpvqyd`jðm mo pðbo fp fb tvfaqdmsdgjfmso cf vm cfqf`ho`j~jb z yobçsjò< fp sdgajêm bd òm`vb`d`jðm cf vmd bfz mdsvqdb-

Bop yvfabop mf`fpjsdm cfb sfqqjsoqjo òm tvf hdm md`jco d bd~jcd yobçsj`d" ̀ ogo pf mf`fpjsd cfb djqf ydqd bd bjaqf fxydmpjðm cf mvfp'sqop yvbgomfp- Dapoqafqbf vm yfcd{o cf pv sfqqjsoqjo" fp dqqfadsdqbf vmcfqf`ho" z fpd jmkvpsj`jd fm~vfb~f vm coabf dsfmsdco" yoqtvf mo pðbofp fb cfpyoko cf vmd yqoyjfcdc" pjmo tvf fp sdgajêm bd dgfmd{d cfvmd mvf~d vpvqyd`jðm-

Fb yqf`fcfmsf cf bd jmkvpsj`jd" fp pjfgyqf fb sfgoq cf bd jmkvp'sj`jd" yvfp pj bd ̀ omnoqgjcdc o bd jmcjnfqfm`jd cfb yvfabo deqd~jdco ̀ om'pobjcd bd òmtvjpsd cf bd nvfq{d" ¿tvjêm bf cfnfmcfqä gdôdmd òmsqdvmd mvf~d sfmsdsj~d cf cfpyoko" o cf vpvqyd`jðm?

Fb yvfabo ògyqfmcf o pjfmsf fpdp ~fqcdcfp" z pv jmtvjfsvcfp bd jmsqdmtvjbjcdc cf socop bop yvfabop tvf bd hjpsoqjd pfôdbd ògo~ç`sjgdp cf jevdbfp dsfmsdcop-

Dbbç comcf hd hdajco vm cfpòmo`jgjfmso cf bd jmsfeqjcdc sf'qqjsoqjdb" hfgop yqfpfm`jdco pjfgyqf bop fpnvfq{op cfb yvfabo cdgmj'`dco yoq bbfedq d bd qfòmtvjpsd cfb sfqqjsoqjo vpvqydco-

Fb pfôoq Bdppfqqf hd cj`ho gvz ajfm" jmpyjqdco fm vm moabfpfmsjgjfmso" db fgyqfmcfq pv jmsfqfpdmsf mdqqd`jðm;

‒Bdp pjevjfmsfp bçmfdp tvj{äp onqf{`dm dbeûm jmsfqêp yoq bd

coabf qd{ðm cf pfq fbbdp \bdp jpbdpW yqoyjfcdc cf bop dqefmsjmop" z yfq'gdmf`fq" pjm fgadqeo" yoò o mdcd òmo`jcdp yoq bd gdzoqçd cf pvpbfeçsjgop cvfôop-

Mo fp gj jmsfm`jðm" mj `qfo oyoqsvmo fpsf `dpo" ydqd fmsqdq fm òmpjcfqd`jomfp yobçsj`dp poaqf bd mo cf~obv`jðm cf fpf jmgfmposfqqjsoqjo tvf hfgop yqfpsdco d bop jmebfpfp" vm yoò òmsqd mvfpsqd~obvmsdc" yfqo mo tvjfqo cfkdq ydpdq fpsd oyoqsvmjcdc pjm cfyboqdq bdmfebjefm`jd cf mvfpsqop eoajfqmop" tvf hdm jco cfkdmco ydpdq fb sjfg'yo pjm dòqcdqpf cf sdb qf`bdgd`jðm yfmcjfmsf-

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Fp cf pvyomfq tvf bd jbvpsqd`jðm cfb d`svdb Eoajfqmo Md`jo'mdb ògyqfmcd bd jgyoqsdm`jd cf fpd cf~obv`jðm" tvf êb pf hdbbd fmfb cfafq cf fxjejq cfb cf P-G-A-" yvfp tvf fpdp jpbdp" yoq pv yopj`jðmefoeqä`d pom bd bbd~f cfb Yd`çò z fpsäm bbdgdcdp jmcvcdabfgfmsfd vm eqdm yoq~fmjq òm fb yqoadabf dvgfmso cf yoabd`jðm fm mvfpsqopnfqsjbçpjgop sfqqjsoqjop-‗

Bd jgyoqsdm`jd cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp fp jm`vfpsjomdabf- Pvyqoxjgjcdc d bd ̀ opsd Pvc cf mvfpsqo sfqqjsoqjo" pvp jmgfkoqdabfp yvfq'sop ydqd fb ògfq`jo z md~fed`jðm cf dtvfbbdp òpsdp" fb ~dbjopo qdgocf bd yfp`d" bd ̀ qçd cf edmdcop ~d`vmo z bdmdq" ydqd bd ̀ vdb pf yqfpsdmgdqd~jbbopdgfmsf pvp nfqsjbçpjgop `dgyop" òm qj`dp devdcdp yfqgd'

mfmsfp" socdp êpsdp pom ~fmsdkdp qfòmo`jcdp yoq bop tvf hdm ~jpjsdcocj`hdp Jpbdp-

Qfqjêmcopf fb Psdmcdqc d bd qfbd`jðm cfb pfôoq Bdppfqqf" zdyqf`jämcobd fm sêqgjmop homoqçòp" dmvm`jd tvf ~d d sqdcv`jqbd ydqdonqf`fqbd d pvp bf`soqfp- @om fpsf gosj~o" cj`f fb òbfed jmebêp" ‒tvfpf hdm qfdbj{dco eqdmcfp ògyqdp cf o~fkdp ydqd bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp"bdp tvf hdm pjco òmsqdsdcdp d 09 yfpop" gomfcd òqqjfmsf" fbfejcdp

z yvfpsdp d aoqco-‗

Yfqo mo mop hfgop yqoyvfpso fpfm`jdbgfmsf cdq jcfd cf bdp~fmsdkdp fòmðgj`dp tvf onqf`f bd yopfpjðm cf dtvfbbdp Jpbdp- Pj mohfgop cfajco yqfp`jmcjq cf fpop cfsdbbfp" fp yoqtvf fbbop yvfcfm fp'sjgvbdq fb `fbo cf mvfpsqo eoajfqmo f jmvjq fm pvp cjpyopj`jomfp fmqfbd`jðm d bd qf`bdgd`jðm cjybogäsj`d tvf cfaf fmsdabdq cfpcf zd dmsffb eoajfqmo aqjsämjò-

@om fpsd `vfpsjðm pf yqfpfmsd fmbd{dcd osqd tvf mo fp gf'mop eqd~f yoq pfq jmcj~jcvdb" z tvf ~jfmf d fxybj`dq hjpsðqj`dgfmsf fboqjefm cf bd vpvqyd`jðm cfb cogjmjo cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp-

Bd Qfyûabj`d Dqefmsjmd gdmsv~o pjfgyqf poaqf bdp Jpbdp pvjmcjpyvsdabf cfqf`ho cf poafqdmçd-

Yfmfsqdcop mvfpsqop yqjgfqop eoajfqmop cf bd mf`fpjcdc cfdqgdq bd yopfpjðm cf fpf cfqf`ho yoq bd fxybosd`jðm jmcvpsqjdb cfdtvfbbdp Jpbdp" hj`jfqom òm fpf m dbevmop fpnvfq{op gfqjsoqjop-

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Fm 4818" fb eoajfqmo `fcjð db pfôoq C- Bvjp ^fqmfs bd Jpbd bbd'gdcd cf bd Pobfcdc" d òmcj`jðm cf noqgdq fm fbbd vmd @obomjd d pvòpsd- Fpsd pf qfdbj{ð òm fb gfkoq êxjso cfpyvêp cf ~fm`fq socdp bdpcj`vbsdcfp jmhfqfmsfp d vmd fgyqfpd cf sdb gdemjsvc-

Bd òbomjd yqopyfqdad hd`çd zd dbevmop dôop z fb eoajfqmodqefmsjmo ~fçd òm pjmevbdq pdsjpnd``jðm fb eqdm yoq~fmjq tvf dtvfbbdmd`jfmsf òbomjd dvevqdad ydqd bd md~fed`jðm z ògfq`jo cf mvfpsqdpfxsfmpdp òpsdp hdpsd fb @dao cf Hoqmop-

Fm 4804 nvfqom dyqfpdcop fm bdp jpbdp sqfp avtvfp moqsfdgf'qj`dmop tvf hdaçdm qfjm`jcjco fm bd yfp`d cf dmajop òmsqd bop sfqgj'

mdmsfp qfebdgfmsop tvf cfaçd hd`fq oapfq~dq bd dvsoqjcdc cf dtvfbbd kvqjpcj``jðm-

Fb co`soq Dqfò" fm bd sfpjp tvf yqfpfmsð fm 48>> ydqd oysdq dbeqdco cf Co`soq fm Kvqjpyqvcfm`jd" ̀ ompdeqd dbevmop qf`vfqcop d fpffyjpocjo hjpsðqjò tvf cfaçd sfmfq sdm cfyboqdabfp òmpf`vfm`jdp-

Cj`f dpç;

‒Fb Eoafqmdcoq cf Gdb~jmdp \fb pfôoq ^fqmfsW" oabjedco d hd'`fq qfpyfsdq bop qfebdgfmsop qfbdsj~op d bd yfp`d" o gfkoq cj`ho gdsdm'{d cf boaop" cfmsqo cf pv kvqjpcj``jðm" qfebdgfmsop sdm dmsjevop ògoêpsd" f jmsfqfpdco fm eo{dq fx`bvpj~dgfmsf cf vmd cf bdp ̀ om`fpjomfptvf bf hdaçd hf`ho fb eoajfqmo cf Avfmop Djqfp" cfsv~o vmop avtvfpmoqsfdgfqj`dmop" tvf pfeûm òmnfpjðm cf pvp gjpgop `dyjsdmfp" pfo`vydadm cf fpsf sqäò jbfedb- Fb sqjavmdb ̀ ogyfsfmsf bop cf`bdqð avf'mdp yqfpdp z bfejsjgð bd òmcv`sd cfb pfôoq ^fqmfs‗

D òmpf`vfm`jd cf fpf dyqfpdgjfmso fb ògdmcdmsf cf vmavtvf cf evfqqd moqsfdgfqj`dmo" cfpsqvzð bd oqf`jfmsf òbomjd cf bdjpbd Pobfcdc" z fpf hf`ho jmkvpsj`dabf nvf yqf`jpdgfmsf bo tvf jmcvkod Jmebdsfqqd d dyocfqdqpf cf bdp Gdb~jmdp" òmpvgdmco fpf dsfmsdcoòmsqd bd jmsfeqjcdc sfqqjsoqjdb cf bd Md`jðm Dqefmsjmd" `vzd poafqdmçdpoaqf dtvfbbdp jpbdp hdaçd pjco pjfgyqf qfpyfsdcd-

Vm cjpsjmevjco cjybogäsjò dqefmsjmo" fb co`soq C- Gdmvfb Go'

qfmo" d`qfcjsdco `fq`d cfb eoajfqmo aqjsämjò fm `dbjcdc cf Gjmjpsqo

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Ybfmjyosfm`jdqjo cf bd Qfyûabj`d" fm 4803" pf fxyqfpdad fm fpsop sêq'gjmop fm mosd cjqjejcd d dtvfb eoajfqmo;

‒Mo yvfcf dbfedqpf òmsqd bdp Yqo~jm`jdp Vmjcdp \cfb Qço cf

bd YbdsdW tvf sqdsfm cf qf~j~jq vmd `vfpsjðm tvf fpsdad sqdmpdcd cfp'yvêp cf gäp cf gfcjo pjebo dsqäp- Yoq fb òmsqdqjo" bd jm~dpjðm cf bd@oqafsd ‒@bjo‗ fm 6 cf fmfqo cf 4800 fp bd tvf hd dbsfqdco f jm~fqsjcofb fpsdco cf òpdp tvf hdaçd cfkdco bd òm~fm`jðm cf 11 cf fmfqo cf4554-‗

Fmsqf sdmso" fb eoajfqmo dqefmsjmo" tvf hd ydedco çmsfeqd'gfmsf socdp bdp cfvcdp yqo`fcfmsfp cf yfqkvj`jop oqjejmdcop d bop

pûacjsop fxsqdmkfqop" tvf pf hd gdmsfmjco hdpsd dhoqd fm fpsqf`hdp zòqcjdbfp qfbd`jomfp òm socop bop eoajfqmop fvqoyfop z dgfqj`dmop"fx`fyso fb cfb Ydqdevdz(49*" mo hd oasfmjco qfydqd`jðm dbevmd yoq boppfqjop yfqkvj`jop ̀ dvpdcop d vm ̀ jvcdcdmo dqefmsjmo yoq bd cfpsqv``jðmcf bd òbomjd Pobfcdc" mj gfmop yoq bd vpvqyd`jðm cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~j'mdp" dqqfadsdcdp yoq bop jmebfpfp" fm vmd êyo`d fm tvf bop eoajfqmophd`çdm jgyqvcfmsf dbdqcf cf bdp ~fmsdkdp gdsfqjdbfp cf bd nvfq{d" fmvm gogfmso cdco-

Cfafgop `qffq tvf fpo pf cfaf d bd jmcjnfqfm`jd cf mvfpsqopeoajfqmop" o d bdp cêajbfp efpsjomfp òm tvf pf hdm yqfpfmsdco dmsfbop edajmfsfp fxsqdmkfqop-

Dapoqajcop yoq bop jmsfqfpfp sqdmpjsoqjop cf bd yobçsj`d jmsfqmd"mvfpsqop eoajfqmop mo hdm yfmpdco fm ~fbdq yoq bop dbsop jmsfqfpfpcf bd Md`jðm Dqefmsjmd" gäp dbbä cfb `çq`vbo fpsqf`ho fm tvf pf hdmdejsdco fpsêqjbgfmsf bop `çq`vbop sqdcj`jomdbfp-

Mop hdbbdgop nfbj{gfmsf fm vmd pjsvd`jðm mvf~d z fpyf`jdb-

Bop ûbsjgop sqfjmsd dôop hdm gdq`dco bd pfqjf cf eqdmcfp yqo'eqfpop goqdbfp z gdsfqjdbfp-

Zd mo fp fb dbdqcf cf bd nvfq{d" fb tvf dyozd vmd efpsjðm ̀ vdb'tvjfqd fm fb gvmco cjybogäsjò-

Bop eoajfqmop hdm ògyqfmcjco zd tvf mo hdz osqd nvfq{d

bfeçsjgd z qfpyfsdabf tvf bd nvfq{d cfb cfqf`ho z cf bd kvpsj`jd< tvf fb

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davpo mo pf bfejsjgd kdgäp" f jgyqjgf pjfgyqf vm pfbbo ocjopo poaqfbd nqfmsf cf bop tvf bo òmpvgdm-

Bd hjpsoqjd z bd goqdb bfp hdm fmpfôdco tvf sdqcf o sfgyqdmo

pf fxyçd fb dsfmsdco ògfsjco d mogaqf cf bd nvfq{d" yoqtvf bop tvfhoz pf yqf~dbfm cf bd jmnfqjoqjcdc qfbdsj~d" hdbbdqäm gdôdmd osqo yocfq gäp nvfqsf" tvf vsjbj{dqä fm pv ~fmsdkd bd bf``jðm tvf pf cfpyqfmcf cfvm d`so cfyqfpj~o z `qjgjmdb-

Fm bop sjfgyop òmsfgyoqämfop sfmfgop fkfgybop fbo`vfm'sfp cf fpd ~fqcdc-

Dvpsqjd cf~ob~jfmco fb ^êmfso d bd Jsdbjd" cfpyvêp cf hdafq

fxyfqjgfmsdco fb nvpjb cf devkd< Nqdm`jd cfpyqfmcjêmcopf cf Gêxjòdmsf bd d`sjsvc cf bop Fpsdcop Vmjcop< Fpydôd dadmcomdmco bdp jpbdpcfb Yfqû" dmsf bd fxybopjðm cfb pfmsjgjfmso dgfqj`dmo" pom hf`hop qf'`jfmsfp tvf òmqgdm bd pdbvcdabf qf~obv`jðm cf bdp jcfdp cf goqdb zcf kvpsj`jd" tvf pf oyfqd fm fb gvmco-

Eoajfqmop mjmevmop fm bop ûbsjgop sjfgyop hdm bbf~dco gäpdcfbdmsf fpf qfpyfso yoq bd oyjmjðm vmj~fqpdb" tvf bop eoajfqmop cf

Fpsdco Vmjcop z cf Jmebdsfqqd" z pom bop eoajfqmop gäp nvfqsfp cfbgvmco-

Bd êyo`d bfkdmd cf jbvpoqjdp òmtvjpsdp ydpð z bop dgfqj`d'mop z bop jmebfpfp pom hoz bop yqjgfqop fm ̀ omcfmdq bop dsfmsdcop tvfpf òmpvgdqom fm osqo sjfgyo d bd pogaqd cf pvp admcfqdp-

¿@ðgo mo fpyfqdq fmsom`fp tvf bop Fpsdcop Vmjcop z bd Jm'ebdsfqqd pf dyqfpvqfm d cdq sfpsjgomjo cf pv qfpyfso db cfqf`ho cf bd

Md`jðm Dqefmsjmd" qfydqdmco bop yfqkvj`jop jmnfqjcop" cf~ob~jfmco d pvbfeçsjgo poafqdmo fb sfqqjsoqjo vpvqydco?

Fmsfmcfgop tvf bd dcgjmjpsqd`jðm cfb Efmfqdb Gjsqf pf yqf'o`vyð cf fpsd `vfpsjðm z fm~jð jmpsqv``jomfp db gjmjpsqo dqefmsjmo fmUdphjmesom" tvf bo fqd fb pfôoq Pdqgjfmso" ydqd jmj`jdq vmd kvmsd qf'`bdgd`jðm yoq bd cfpsqv``jðm cf bd òbomjd z fb dadmcomo d tvf fpsocjo bvedq-

Ydqf`f tvf fb pfôoq Pdqgjfmso mo qfyvsð adpsdmsf fxybç`jsdp

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bdp jmpsqv``jomfp" dvmtvf dyozð qfpvfbsdgfmsf fb cfqf`ho cf fmsdabdq dtvfbbd qf`bdgd`jðm-

Fmsqf sdmso" cfafq fp gvz pdeqdco cf bd Md`jðm Dqefmsjmd"

~fbdq yoq bd homqd cf pv mogaqf" yoq bd jmsfeqjcdc cf pv sfqqjsoqjo zyoq bop jmsfqfpfp cf bop dqefmsjmop- Fpop cfqf`hop mo pf yqfp`qjafm

kdgäp-

Z yvfp tvf bd o`dpjðm pf yqfpfmsd" yqfo`vydcd kvpsdgfmsfbd oyjmjðm yûabj`d òm bd oyoqsvmd yvabj`d`jðm cf bd jmsfqfpdmsf `dqsdcfb pfôoq Bdppfqqf" bbfmdgop cf cfafq cf jmj`jdq bdp eqd~fp ̀ vfpsjomfptvf pvqefm cf bop hf`hop qfnfqjcop-

Bbdgdgop bd dsfm`jðm cf socd bd yqfmpd dqefmsjmd poaqfdpvmsop cf sdm dbsd jgyoqsdm`jd yobçsj`d z fòmðgj`d" cf bop `vdbfp~ob~fqfgop d o`vydqmop oyoqsvmdgfmsf-

Fb yqfpfmsf sqdadko" gäp fxsfmpo" fp ydqsf cfb bjaqo Hogfmdkf d Kopê

Hfqmämcf{ " tvf VY@M yvabj`ð fm fb dôo 1998-

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Mosd- Bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp pom z pfqäm Dqefmsjmdp- Fm fpsf sqdadko" bd

dbvpjðm d mogaqfp noqämfop dybj`dcop fm bd bjsfqdsvqd cf hdabd jmebfpdqfpyomcf ûmj`dgfmsf d gosj~op sê`mjòp jmfbvcjabfp-

Bd ògyopj`jðm efobðej`d cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp fpsä cogjmd'cd yoq qo`dp pfcjgfmsdqjdp cf fcdc Pjbûqj`d z Cf~ðmj`d" z fm bd ydqsfdvpsqdb cf bd Jpbd Pobfcdc fpsäm fxyvfpsdp qo`dp pfcjgfmsdqjdp cf fcdc~dqjdabf fmsqf @dqaomçnfqo z Yêqgjò- Bdp qo`dp gäp dmsjevdp cf bdp

jpbdp cdsdm cfb Yqf`ägaqjò" pom eqdmjsop z qo`dp gfsdgðq`dp" cfmo'gjmdcdp emfjpfp tvf doqdm fm fb @dao Afbeqdmo" pjsvdco fm fb fxsqf'go dvpsqdb cf bd Jpbd Eqdm Gdb~jmd" gjfmsqdp tvf bdp qo`dp gäp kð~fmfppom cjtvfp pva'~fqsj`dbfp" cf òg'yopj`jðm adpäbsj`d zfcdc Kvqäpj`d (Njep-4 z 1*-

Nje- 4; Fpsqdsjeqdnçdcf bdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp

(Gocj`dco cfb AqjsjphEfoboej`db Pvq~fz*

Efoboeçd cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp

Cq- Qocobno D- cfb ^dbbf

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Nje- 1 Gdyd efobðejò fptvfgäsjò cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp(Gocj`dco cfb Aqjsjph Efoboej`db Pvq~fz*- ^fq bfzfmcd fm bd Nje- 4-

Hd`f vmop 399 gjbbomfp cf dôop bop òmsjmfmsfp cfb Hfgjp'nfqjo Pvq kvmso d bd Jmcjd fpsdadm qfvmjcop fm vm pvyfqòmsjmfmsf cf'mogjmdco Eomcudmd- Fb abotvf tvf òmsfmçd d bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp pfhdbbdad fmsqf bd nvsvqd òpsd PF cfb Änqj`d z vmd ydqsf cf bo tvf gäpsdqcf pfqçd bd Dmsäqsjcd Oqjfmsdb-

Fb jmsfqjoq cfb pvyfqòmsjmfmsf fpsdad noqgdco yoq qo`dp `qjp'sdbjmdp cf gäp cf 4-999 gjbbomfp cf dôop cf dmsjeòfcdc" qfyqfpfm'sdcdp fm bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp yoq bdp qo`dp tvf d`svdbgfmsf noqgdm fb@ogybfko @dao Gfqfcjsh (Nje- 1*- Fb pjsjo comcf fpsdadm fxyvfpsdp

fpsdp qo`dp gvz dmsjevdp pf hdbbdad qocfdco yoq vm fxsfmpo o`êdmo-Yosfmsfp cfyðpjsop cf dqfmdp z ndmeop o`vqqjfqom fm ̀ vfm`dp

vaj`dcdp fm fb aoqcf cfb pvyfqòmsjmfmsf" fb `vdb pf fxjomdad z hvm'cçd bfmsdgfmsf fm vm yqo`fpo efobðejò cfmogjmdco ‒pvapjcfm`jd‗-Fpsop pfcjgfmsop tvf fm bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp jmsfeqdm fb Eqvyo EqdmGdb~jmd" pf hdbbdm d`svdbgfmsf fxyvfpsop fm pjsjop sdm pfydqdcop zbfkdmop ògo yoq fkfgybo Pvcänqj`d" bd Dmsäqsjcd O``jcfmsdb z Aqdpjb-Fpso pf cfajð d bd yopsfqjoq qvysvqd z cfpgfgaqdgjfmso cfb Eomcud'md-

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Cvqdmsf fb sjfgyo fm fb `vdb bdp nvsvqdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp noqgd'adm ydqsf cfb pvyfqòmsjmfmsf" pv yopj`jðm efoeqä`d pf gdmsv~o adp'sdmsf yqðxjgd db Yobo Pvq- Fpsd vaj`d`jðm cfmsqo cf bdp dbsdp bdsjsvcfpcfb Hfgjpnfqjo Pvq yfqgjsjð bd noqgd`jðm cf ebd`jdqfp z bd ̀ ompf`vfmsfcfyopjsd`jðm cf pfcjgfmsop cf oqjefm ebd`jdqjo- Fpsop pf cfyopjsdqdmfm bdp jpbdp cvqdmsf vmd ebd`jd`jðm" o`vqqjcd fm fb yfqçoco @dqaomçnfqo(hd`f vmop 1:9 gjbbomfp cf dôop* z pvp pfcjgfmsop yfqsfmf`fm d bdNoqgd`jðm Sjbbjsd Njs{qoz- Qo`dp jcêmsj`dp d êpsdp fxjpsfm sdgajêm fmosqdp ydqsfp cfb sfqqjsoqjo Dqefmsjmo pvcdgfqj`dmo" z dcfgäp fm Pvcä'nqj`d" Jmcjd" Aqdpjb" Aobj~jd z Dvpsqdbjd" òqqoaoqdmco bd fxjpsfm`jd cfbEomcudmd z pv yopsfqjoq cfpgfgaqdgjfmso-

Socdp bdp qo`dp gfm`jomdcdp dmsfqjoqgfmsf nvfqom nvfqsf'gfmsf cfnoqgdcdp" qfybfedcdp z poaqfòqqjcdp yoq bd d``jðm cf yo'sfmsfp fpnvfq{op sf`sðmjòp ògyqfpj~op tvf d`svdqom hd`f vmop 189gjbbomfp cf dôop" `vdmco pf noqgð vm `jmsvqðm oqoeêmjò tvf cjo bv'edq d bd `dcfmd gomsdôopd `vzop qfpsop pom bdp Dbsvqdp Qj~dcd~jd(cfmogjmdcop ‒Uj`lhdg Hfjehsp‗ fm bd bjsfqdsvqd cf hdabd jmebfpd*"vaj`dcdp fm bd Jpbd Pobfcdc- Cvqdmsf fb yfqçoco Yêqgjò" cfbdmsf cffpsf `jmsvqðm oqoeêmjò pf noqgð vmd `vfm`d" cfmsqo cf bd `vdb pf cf'

yopjsdqom bdp dqfmdp z ndmeop tvf noqgdm fb Eqvyo Bdnomjd-Fm fb Kvqäpjò" bd nqdegfmsd`jðm cfb Eomcudmd yqocvko bd

nqd`svqd`jðm tvf nvf o`vydcd yoq bd jmsqvpjðm cf bop cjtvfp- Cvqdmsf fb@qfsä`jò sfgyqdmo pf daqjð fb O`êdmo Dsbämsjò Pvq z bdp Jpbdp Gdb~j'mdp cfqj~dqom hdpsd pv d`svdb vaj`d`jðm" òpsd dnvfqd cf bd Dqefmsjmd-

Efoboeçd qfejomdb

Bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp zd`fm fm fb fxsqfgo o``jcfmsdb cf bd cf'mogjmdcd Ybdsdnoqgd (Ybdsfdv* cf Gdb~jmdp tvf fp vmd yoq`jðm cfòqsf{d òmsjmfmsdb cfpyqfmcjcd cfb fxsqfgo PF cf Pvcdgêqj`d" fb`vdb òmsjmûd hd`jd bdp Jpbdp Pdm Yfcqo (sdgajêm cfmogjmdcdp JpbdpEfoqejdp cfb Pvq*" z pf hdbbd pvgfqejco adko devdp gdqjmdp qfbdsj~d'gfmsf yoò yqonvmcdp-

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Bdp jpbdp fpsäm noqgdcdp yqjm`jydbgfmsf yoq qo`dp cf fcdcfpyqf`ägaqj`dp d yêqgj`dp" òm cjtvfp adpäbsjòp Kvqäpjòp" z fpsäm qo'cfdcdp fm fb gdq yoq ̀ vdsqo ̀ vfm`dp pfcjgfmsdqjdp yqjm`jydbfp" ̀ vzdpfcdcfp ~dqçdm fmsqf Gfpo{ojò z @fmo{ojò- Fpsdp `vfm`dp fpsäm

vaj`dcdp òpsd dnvfqd (onnphoqf* cf bdp jpbdp fm bd Ybdsdnoqgd cf Gdb'~jmdp" bd `vdb fpsä noqgdcd yoq qo`dp pfcjgfmsdqjdp" yqoadabfgfmsfcf fcdcfp Cf~ðmjò z Yêqgjò- Fb qfbbfmo cf bdp `vfm`dp òmpjpsf fmpfcjgfmsop qfbdsj~dgfmsf yosfmsfp cf fcdc Gfpo{oj`d z gäp cfbed'cop pfcjgfmsop @fmo{ojòp" z `dcd vmd cf fbbdp gdmsjfmf fxyf`sd'sj~dp yosfm`jdbfp cf òmsfmfq hjcqo`dqavqop dûm mo ògybfsdgfmsffxyboqdcop-

Bdp `vdsqo `vfm`dp pom bdp pjevjfmsfp z pf gvfpsqdm fm bd(Nje- 0*;

4- @vfm`d cf bd Ybdsdnoqgd cf Gdb~jmdp"

1- @vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Pvq"

0- @vfm`d cf Gdb~jmdp" z

3- @vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Moqsf-

Nje- 0 @vfm`dp tvf qocfdm d bdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp (Gocj`dco cfb Aqjsjph Efoboej`dbPvq~fz z cfb Cfydqsgfms on Gjmfqdb Qfpovq`fp" Ndblbdmc Jpbdmcp Eo~fqgfms*

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Pfeûm dbevmop dvsoqfp" bdp `vfm`dp Gdb~jmdp O``jcfmsdb"Gdb~jmdp Pvq z Gdb~jmdp Oqjfmsdb (Nje- 0* fpsäm jmsfqòmf`sdcdp z dyfpdq cf sfmfq hjpsoqjdp sf`somo'fpsqdsjeqä`dp cjnfqfmsfp" bd òqqfbd'`jðm cf bdp cjpsjmsdp nd`jfp pçpgj`dp fp yopjabf z yvfcf òmsqjavjq d

jcfmsj`dq bdp pjgjbjsvcfp z cjnfqfm`jdp fxjpsfmsfp fmsqf fbbdp-

@vfm`d Gdb~jmdp O``jcfmsdb

Bd @vfm`d Gdb~jmdp O``jcfmsdb pf fxsjfmcf db fpsf cfb dbso

fpsqv`svqdb cf Qço @hjò" sdgajêm cfmogjmdco ‒dqò cf Cvmefmfpp‗tvf bd pfydqd cf bd @vfm`d Dvpsqdb (@vfm`d cf Gdedbbdmfp*" z db ofpsfcf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp- Sjfmf vmd pvyfq`jf cf vmop 6>-999 lg1 ̀ om vm~obvgfm pfcjgfmsdqjo fpsjgdco fm vmop 499-999 lg0- Pv fpsqv`svqdsf`sðmj`d fpsä ̀ ogybj`dcd yoq bd yqfpfm`jd ̀ fq`dmd cf bop dbsop cf Qço@hjò z cf Cfpfdco'Gdb~jmdp- Bd pfcjgfmsd`jðm jmj`jdb cf bd fsdyd cffxydmpjðm cfb nomco o`fämjò (qjns* cfb Kvqäpjò'@qfsä`jò Jmnfqjoq" yqo'cvko cfyðpjsop bd`vpsqfp fvxçmjòp (cfyopjsdcop fm devdp òm cfnf`so

cf oxçefmo*" v~jdbfp z mo'gdqjmop- Cvqdmsf bd yftvfôd pvapjcfm`jdsêqgj`d cfb @qfsä`jò Pvyfqjoq" bd pfcjgfmsd`jðm o`vqqjð fm vmd ybd'sdnoqgd pogfqd z fm ybdmj`jfp cf jmvmcd`jðm- Pobdgfmsf cvqdmsf fb@fmo{ojò o`vqqjð pfcjgfmsd`jðm gdqjmd gäp yqonvmcd-

Bd @vfm`d cf Gdb~jmdp O``jcfmsdb" vaj`dcd db F cf Pvcdgê'qj`d z db O cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp" sjfmf vm gdqefm oqjfmsdb mo cjpbo`dcoz hd pjco fxyboqdcd gfcjdmsf vmdp 45 yfqnoqd`jomfp qfdbj{dcdp fmdevdp cf mvfpsqo ydçp- Bop cdsop cf fpsd fxyboqd`jðm yvfcfm fxsqdyo'bdqpf hd`jd fb F" cfmsqo cf bd @vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Pvq-

@vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Pvq

Bd @vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Pvq sjfmf oqjfmsd`jðm F'O z fpsä vaj`dcdjmgfcjdsdgfmsf db moqsf cfb bçgjsf fmsqf bd ybd`d cf Pòsjd z bd ybd`d

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Pvcdgfqj`dmd (Nje- 3; Ndbbd Gdedbbdmfp'Ndemdmo*- Fpsd `vfm`d pfyqonvmcj{d pvd~fgfmsf hd`jd fb pvq" cfmsqo cf bd {omd cf ndbbd tvf noq'gd cfb bçgjsf fmsqf dgadp ybd`dp- Pv fpsqdsjeqdnçd hd pjco jmsfqyqfsdcdfxsqdyobdmco cdsop cf bop yo{op cf fxyboqd`jðm yfqnoqdcop hd`jd fbofpsf z bop yo{op cfb CPCY fm fb oqjfmsf-

Nje- 3 Gdyd sf`sðmjò fptvfgäsjò cf bd qfejðm cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp z fb fxsqfgo Mcf bd Yfmçmpvbd Dmsäqsj`d" gopsqdmco bdp ybd`dp jm~obv`qdcdp fm bd qfejðm z pvp bçgjsfp(Sogdco cf cfb ^dbbf fs db- 1995*-

@vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Oqjfmsdb

Bd @vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Oqjfmsdb fpsä vaj`dcd d yqonvmcjcdcfpcf fmsqf 199 g z 1-699 g z sjfmf vm fpyfpoq pfcjgfmsdqjo gdzoq d bop5-999 g- Pv adpdgfmso fp ògybfko" fpsä gvz nqd`svqdco" yqfpfmsdmvgfqopdp ̀ qfpsdp z fpsä noqgdco yoq qo`dp gfsdpfcjgfmsdqjdp- Cfm'sqo cf fbbd pf cfpdqqobbdqom cj~fqpdp pva'`vfm`dp gfmoqfp tvf qfyqf'

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GDB^JMDP

10

pfmsdm fsdydp cf fxydmpjðm cfb nomco o`fämjò" òm d`vgvbd`jðm cfpfcjgfmsop cvqdmsf fb Sqjäpjò z fb Kvqäpjò- Fm fb Kvqäpjò Gfcjo" bdpvapjcfm`jd qfejomdb yfqgjsjð fb jmeqfpo cf vmd sqdmpeqfpjðm gdqjmdpogfqd tvf yfqpjpsjð cvqdmsf bd pfydqd`jðm jmj`jdb cf Dgêqj`d z Änqj`d-

D gfcjcd tvf êpsd yqoeqfpdad" bop gdqfp pf nvfqom yqonvmcj{dmco zbdp òmcj`jomfp dgajfmsdbfp `dgajdqom d gdq dajfqso-

Fpsd ̀ vfm`d o`vyd vmd yopj`jðm ̀ opsd dnvfqd db F cf bdp jpbdp(Nje- 0*" sjfmf vm gdqefm o``jcfmsdb nqd`svqdco cfpdqqobbdco fm cjqf`'`jðm MF'PO" z sfqgjmd fm fb hd`jd fb F fm fb Admò Gdvqj`f Fujme tvffp vm dbso adsjgêsqjò vaj`dco d vmop 169 lg db oqjfmsf cf bdp jpbdp-Fpsf admò nvf yfqnoqdco yoq fb Yqozf`so Cffy Pfd Cqjbbjme (CPCY;

Adqlfq fs db- 4:5>* z fb qfpvbsdco cf pv fxyboqd`jðm òmsqjavzð d fpsj'gvbdq fb jmsfqêp fm bd `vfm`d-

@vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Moqsf

Bd @vfm`d cf Gdb~jmdp Moqsf sjfmf 15-999 lg1 cf pvyfq`jf-Pfeûm Vqjfm z [dgaqdmo (4:>>*" bdp sqfp `vfm`dp cf Gdb~jmdp Moqsf"O``jcfmsdb z Oqjfmsdb (Nje- 0* ògydqsfm vmd hjpsoqjd sf`sðmj`d ògûm-Pv oqjfmsd`jðm z bjmfdgjfmsop cf ndbbd fpsäm òmsqobdcop yoq bd cjqf`'`jðm cf bop ybjfevfp ydbfo{ojòp fxyvfpsop fm bdp jpbdp" z pv qfbbfmopfcjgfmsdqjo o`vqqjð jmj`jdbgfmsf (fm fb Kvqäpjò'@qfsä`jò Jmnfqjoq* fmgdqfp pogfqop" ydqd ydpdq yopsfqjoqgfmsf d dgajfmsfp gdqjmop yqo'

nvmcop" dvmtvf òm `jfqsdp f~jcfm`jdp cf f~fmsop qfeqfpj~op z sqdmp'eqfpj~op-

Pfeûm fb Aqjsjph Efoboej`db Pvq~fz" bd @vfm`d Gdb~jmdp Moqsffpsä djpbdcd db moqsf cf bdp jpbdp" yfqo vaj`dcd cfmsqo cf bd Ybdsdnoqgdcf Gdb~jmdp- Fpsd `vfm`d nvf yfqnoqdcd" yfqo pðbo pf òmo`fm cdsopyqo~fmjfmsfp cf pfjp yo{op cf fxyboqd`jðm tvf fpsäm òm`fmsqdcopfm vmd yftvfôd äqfd" cfmsqo cf bd cfyqfpjðm sf`sðmj`d (efobðej`d'gfmsf cfmogjmdcd ‒eqdafm‗* tvf fp bd fpsqv`svqd gdzoq d ydqsjq cf bd`vdb pf noqgð bd `vfm`d- Pfeûm Qj`hdqcp z Ndmmjme (1995*" bd @vfm`d

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GDB^JMDP

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Gdb~jmdp Moqsf ògyqfmcf cop fbfgfmsop fpsqv`svqdbfp; 4* vm eqdafmdbdqedco fm cjqf``jðm M'P" z 1* vmd pfqjf cf yftvfôdp ̀ vfm`dp pvapj'cjdqjdp tvf pf vaj`dm db O cfb eqdafm" cfmsqo cfb `vdb hdz cop `fmsqopcf d`vgvbd`jðm pfcjgfmsdqjd pfydqdcop yoq vm dbso fpsqv`svqdb-

Deqdcf`jgjfmso;

Fb dvsoq deqdcf`f db fmsom`fp Cjqf`soq cfb Jmpsjsvso Dmsäqsjò Dqefmsjmo Cq-

Pfqejo D- Gdqfmppj yoq bd bf`svqd `qçsj`d cfb gdmvp`qjso" bo `vdb òmsqjavzð d

gfkoqdqbo-

Cq- Qocobno D- cfb ^dbbf; Efðboeo- @ooqcjmdcoq cf @jfm`jdp cf bd Sjfqqd

cfb Jmpsjsvso Dmsäqsjò Dqefmsjmo" qdgd `jfmsç`d cf bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jo'

mdb cfb Dmsäqsjò" cfyfmcjfmsf cfb Gjmjpsfqjo cf Qfbd`jomfp Fxsfqjoqfp"

@ogfq`jo Jmsfqmd`jomdb z @vbso cf bd Qfyûabj`d Dqefmsjmd

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GDB^JMDP

16

Ajabjoeqdnçd ̀ ompvbsdcd;

Aoqqfbbo" D-N- 4:51- Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp- Jm; Efoboeçd Qfejomdb Dqefmsjmd" D-B- Bfdm{d (fc-*" D`dcfgjd Md`jomdb cf @jfm`jdp" @ðqcoad" Dqefmsj'md" Yäep- 566'559-

@bdql" Q-" F- K- Fcudqcp" P- Bvxsom" S- Phjyy z Y- Ujbpom- 4::6- Efobo'ez on shf Ndblbdmc Jpbdmcp- Efoboez Socdz" 44" Yäep- 145'110-

cfb ^dbbf" Q-D-" Hfqfcjd" M-" Gomsfp" G-" Mo{db" N- z Gdqsçm'Pfqqdmo" D- 1995- Fb Eqvyo Sqjmjsz Yfmjmpvbd fm bd yfmçmpvbd Sdadqjm"

yfmçmpvbd Dmsäqsj`d- Qf~jpsd cf bd Dpo`jd`jðm Efobðej`d Dqefmsjmd" >1(3*" Yäep- 3:8'696-

Qj`hdqcp" Y-@- z Ndmmjm" M-S-E- 1995- Efoboez on shf Moqsh NdblbdmcAdpjm- Kovqmdb on Yfsqobfvg efoboez- ôb- 19 (1*" Yäep-; 4>6‐480

Psoqfz" A- @- fs db- 4:::- Qfòmpsqv`sjom dmc aqfdl'ovs gocfb noq shfNdblbdmc Jpbdmcp ujshjm Eomcudmd- Kovqmdb on Dnqj`dm Fdqsh P`jfm`fp"1:" Yäep- 460'4>0-

Qj`hdqcp" Y-" 1999- Cqjbbjme qfpvbsp nqog shf Moqsh Ndblbdmc Adpjm" Onn'phoqf" Daqjb 1999" Yäep- 06'08-

Vqjfm" @-G- z [dgaqdmo" K-K- 4::>- Fpsqv`svqd cfb Gdqefm @omsjmfm'sdb- Jm; Efoboeçd z Qf`vqpop cf bd Ybdsdnoqgd @omsjmfmsdb Dqefmsjmd"Qdgop" ^- z Svqj`" G- (Fcp-*" Qfbdsoqjo cfb XXJJ¹ @omeqfpo Efobðejò

Dqefmsjmo z JJJ¹ @omeqfpo cf Fxyboqd`jðm cf Hjcqo`dqavqop" Dpo`jd'`jðm Efobðej`d Dqefmsjmd f Jmpsjsvso Dqefmsjmo cfb Yfsqðbfo z fb Edp"

Yäep- 1:'>6-

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GDB^JMDP

1>

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GDB^JMDP

15

Sdmso bdp Gdb~jmdp ògo bd Dmsäqsjcd" pom cop sfgdp cf po'afqdmçd tvf sjfmfm bd ydqsj`vbdqjcdc cf vmjqmop d bop dqefmsjmop gäp

dbbä cf ̀ vdbtvjfq jcfd yobçsj`d" sfmcfm`jd jcfobðej`d" ̀ qffm`jd qfbjejopd"z dpç yocqçd fmvgfqdq vmd bdqed bjpsd cf yopjabfp cjnfqfm`jdp fm osqopdpyf`sop tvf hd sqdpydpdco d eoajfqmop cf `vdbtvjfq sjmsf-

Fp yopjabf fmsfmcfq fb qf`bdgo yfqgdmfmsf poaqf bdp Gdb~jmdp" sfqqjso'qjo tvf fpsoz òm~fm`jco dbeûm cçd qf`vyfqdqfgop fm adpf db cjäboeo

z efpsjomfp yd`ç`dp fm bop noqop jmsfqmd`jomdbfp- Fm ̀ dgajo fmsfmcfq fb qf`bdgo cf poafqdmçd poaqf bd Dmsäqsjcd tvj{äp mo qfpvbsf sdm nä`jb-Fm fpsdp bçmfdp sqdsdqê cf cdq d fmsfmcfq dgaop `dpop-

Bdp Gdb~jmdp nvfqom cfp`vajfqsdp fm 4619 yoq Fpsfadm Eð'

gf{" sqjyvbdmsf cf bd md~f ‒Pdm Dmsomjo‗ " vmo cf bop adqòp cf bd fx'yfcj`jðm cf Gdedbbdmfp- Pfeûm bd cfbjgjsd`jðm cf sjfqqdp cf bdp avbdpydydbfp" bdp jpbdp yfqsfmf`çdm d Fpydôd z cf hf`ho nvfqom jmòqyoqd'cdp db ^jqqfjmdso cfb Qço cf bd Ybdsd" fm fb dôo 455>- Pfeûm bd hjpsoqjdo`jdb aqjsämj`d fb yqjgfq d~jpsdgjfmso sv~o bvedq fm 46:1" yoq ydqsf cfKohm Cd~jp d aoqco cfb avtvf ‒Cfpjqf‗ -

Fm 4>:9" fb @dyjsäm Kohm Psqome ̀ om fb avtvf ‒Ufbndqf‗ md~f'ed fb fpsqf`ho cf Pdm @dqbop z bo cfmogjmd fm dtvfb gogfmso `dmdbNdblbdmc fm homoq db ^jpòmcf cf Ndblbdmc tvf nvfqd fb sfpoqfqo cf bd

Bdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp"jmcf`bjmdabf qf`bdgo cf poafqdmçd

Cq- @bdvcjo Dbafqso Ydqj`d

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GDB^JMDP

18

Dqgdcd Aqjsämj`d- Zd yoq dtvfb fmsom`fp bdp jpbdp hdaçdm pjco advsj{d'cdp yoq md~fedmsfp nqdm`fpfp ̀ ogo ‒Bfp jbfp Gdbovjmfp‗ " gfgoqdmcodb Yvfqso cf ‒Pdjms Gdbð‗ z d pvp mdsvqdbfp ‒bfp gdbovjmfp‗ -

Fm 4539" osqo md~fedmsf jmebêp" cf ydpo db @dao cf Hoqmop"Boqc Dmpom yqoyomf db eoajfqmo jmebêp ̀ omsdq ̀ om vmd adpf yqðxjgd db@dao cf Hoqmop" pjm tvf hdzd êpsf hf`ho cfpfgadqò dbevmo fm bdpjpbdp Gdb~jmdp- Fm 45>3 fb cjybogäsjò z fxyboqdcoq nqdm`êp Bovjp Dm'sojmf cf Aovedm~jbbf ̀ ompsqvzf vm fpsdabf`jgjfmso edmdcfqo fm YvfqsoBovjp (d`svdbgfmsf yvfqso Dqefmsjmo* fm bd jpbd Pobfcdc-

Bop fpydôobfp oasv~jfqom fb yvfqso cf Pdm Bvjp sqdp vmd pfqjf

cf yqosfpsdp z sqdmpnoqgdqom Gdbovjmfp fm Gdb~jmdp- Fm 45>6 vmdfxyfcj`jðm jmebfpd ògdmcdcd yoq fb @ogocoqo Kohm Azqom cfpfg'

adq`d fm yvfqso Fegoms fm bd jpbd Eqdm Gdb~jmd z sogd yopfpjðm fm

mogaqf cfb Qfz cf Jmebdsfqqd z cfmogjmð d bdp jpbdp Ndblbdmc Jpbdmcp-

Fm fb dôo 45>>" fb @dyjsäm Kohm Gd` Aqjcf vaj`d fm yvfqso

Fegoms vm fpsdabf`jgjfmso edmdcfqo- Fm fpsf gjpgo dôo fb eoajfq'

mo fpydôob yqfpfmsd vmd tvfkd yoq fb fpsdabf`jgjfmso cf Aovedm~jbbf"

tvjfm cf`bjmd pvp jmsfqfpfp fm bdp jpbdp z fp qfpdq`jco òm vmd pvgdcf cjmfqo- Fm fpf gogfmso pf bf `dgajd fb mogaqf cf yvfqso Bovjp

yoq yvfqso cf bd Pobfcdc z tvfcd mvf~dgfmsf adko bd kvqjpcj``jðm cf bd

@dyjsdmçd Efmfqdb cf Avfmop Djqfp" yoq fmsom`fp òbomjd cf Fpydôd-

Fm 4559 bdp nvfq{dp cf o`vyd`jðm jmebfpdp nvfqom cfpdbokd'

cdp yoq Fpydôd" tvf qf`bdgð bd poafqdmçd cf bdp jpbdp yoq ~çd cjybo'

gäsj`d- @vdmco pf `qfð fb ^jqqfjmdso cfb Qço cf bd Ybdsd" bdp Gdb~jmdp

ydpdqom d cfyfmcfq cf bd eoafqmd`jðm cf Avfmop Djqfp- Cfpcf 4553hdpsd 4849 Fpydôd mogaqð pv`fpj~op eoafqmdcoqfp ydqd fb dq`hjyjê'

bdeo-

Fm 455>" `vdmco pf `qfð fb ~jqqfjmdso cfb Qço cf bd Ybdsd" bdp

jpbdp Gdb~jmdp pf jm`bvzfqom fm fb sfqqjsoqjo cf bd eoafqmd`jðm cf Avf'

mop Djqfp- Cfpyvêp cf 4849" bdp jpbdp pjevjfqom adko fpd kvqjpcj``jðm-

Fm 4819" bd nqdedsd Dqefmsjmd ‒Bd Hfqoçmd‗ nvf fm~jdcd d Gdb~jmdp

ydqd sogdq yopfpjðm cfmjsj~d cf bdp jpbdp-

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GDB^JMDP

1:

Fm 4816 pf yqocvko vm hf`ho pjemj`dsj~o; Eqdm Aqfsdôd qf'òmo`jð bd jmcfyfmcfm`jd dqefmsjmd z mo qf`bdgð bdp jpbdp- Fm 4818 fbeoajfqmo cf Avfmop Djqfp osoqeð d Bvjp ^fqmfs fm ̀ om`fpjðm" fb yvfqsoPobfcdc ydqd tvf òmpsqvzfqd vmd òbomjd- Ydqd fbbo" bbf~ð d `jfm edv'`hop f jmcjop cf bdp ydgydp" häajbfp fm bd `qçd cf edmdco- Fm 481:jmj`jd pvp d`sj~jcdcfp fm fb yvfqso cf bd Pobfcdc- ^fqmfs" yqf~jo d pv

jcd d bdp Gdb~jmdp sv~o `jfqsdp mfeo`jd`jomfp òm fb @ðmpvb jmebêp fmAvfmop Djqfp Uoocajmf Ydqjph" ydqd òmsdq òm pv ‒eqd`jd‗" z yopsf'qjoqgfmsf sv~o sqdsdsj~dp ̀ om fb eoajfqmo jmebêp ̀ om fb m cf qffpsdabf'`fq bd poafqdmçd aqjsämj`d fm bdp jpbdp-

Fm 4801 fb eoajfqmo cf Avfmop Djqfp fm~çd db @ogdmcdmsfGfpsj~jfq òm dbevmop òm~j`sop d yvfqso Fegoms" tvf yopsfqjoqgfmsfbo gdsdm- Jmcfyfmcjfmsfgfmsf cf êpso" z òm fb dyozo cf bop Fpsd'cop Vmjcop" ydçp òm fb tvf pf hdaçdm qoso qfbd`jomfp cjybogäsj`dp fm4801 z tvf pf qffpsdabf`fqçdm fm 4833- Bd qvysvqd nvf `dvpdcd yoq bdcfpsqv``jðm cf bdp jmpsdbd`jomfp cfb yvfqso cf bd Pobfcdc yoq ydqsf cfbd òqafsd ‒Bfxjmesom‗ cf bd Dqgdcd cf bop Fpsdcop Vmjcop- Ydçp fpsf

tvf dbfmsð bd jm~dpjðm jmebfpd cfb dôo 4800-

Bop jmebfpfp" pjevjfmco bop òmpfkop cf Ydqjph" jm~dcjfqom bdjpbd fb 1 cf fmfqo cf 4800 òm bd nqdedsd ‒@bço‗ db gdmco cfb @dyjsämOmpbou- Fm yqfpfm`jd cfb sfmjfmsf @oqomfb Kopê Gdqçd Yjmfco nvf j{d'cd bd admcfqd aqjsämj`d z dqqjdcd bd md`jomdb" tvf bvfeo bf nvf fmsqfed'

cd d Yjmfco" tvjfm mo onqf`jð ògadsf-

Cfpcf fmsom`fp bd Dqefmsjmd qf`bdgd bd cf~obv`jðm cf bdp jp'bdp fpeqjgjfmco cfqf`hop dapobvsdgfmsf bfeçsjgop poaqf fpf sfqqjsoqjopjm tvf Bomcqfp hdzd d`fysdco hdpsd dhoqd fb qf`bdgo-

Zd gäp ̀ fq`d fm mvfpsqd hjpsoqjd" z gv`hop cf moposqop ̀ ogosfpsjeop cjqf`sop" fb 1 cf Daqjb cf 4:81 mvfpsqdp sqoydp cfpfgadq`dmfm mvfpsqdp jpbdp z yoq 53 cçdp mvfpsqd admcfqd dgfð adko fb `jfbocf bdp Gdb~jmdp" z hoz tvfcdm ògo `vpsocjop cf mvfpsqd poafqdmçdmvfpsqop hêqofp gvfqsop yoq bd ydsqjd pfyvbsdcop fm fb @fgfmsfqjo cf

Cdqujm- Mo tvjfqo hd`fq mjmeûm sjyo cf dmäbjpjp poaqf fpsf sfgd" pjg'ybfgfmsf fxyqfpdq fb hf`ho òm`qfso pjm òmmosd`jðm yobçsj`d dbevmd"

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GDB^JMDP

09

yvfp zd fp gv`ho bo fp`qjso" bo oyjmdco z fp yoò bo tvf yocqçd zodyoqsdq cfpcf fpsdp bçmfdp- Fpsä `bdqo tvf mvfpsqo qf`bdgo yfqgd'mf`fqä z pfqä òmpsdmsf hdpsd tvf pf qfòmo{`dm mvfpsqop cfqf`hopbfeçsjgop poaqf fpsdp sjfqqdp vpvqydcdp-

Dcfgäp cf mvfpsqop qf`bdgop" fp jgyoqsdmsf cfpsd`dq tvfyoq fkfgybo `vdbtvjfq `jvcdcdmo cf Gdb~jmdp" òm ydpdyoqsf cf Gdb'~jmdp sjfmf bjaqf jmeqfpo d bd Qfyûabj`d Dqefmsjmd pjfmco qfòmo`jcoògo `jvcdcdmo dqefmsjmo òm ybfmop cfqf`hop" sfgd mo gfmoq" zqfòmo`jco yoq hdajsdmsfp cf bdp jpbdp tvf hdm hdabdco fm noqgd gvzyopjsj~d cf fpsf hf`ho- Yoq osqd ydqsf" z d ydqsjq cf bd cê`dcd cf 4:>9

z hdpsd 4:81 mvfpsqo ydçp hd sfmjco vm d`fq`dgjfmso gvz nvfqsf òmbop hdajsdmsfp" yoq fkfgybo fb ògavpsjabf tvf vsjbj{dadm fm bdp jpbdpfqd ZYN" òmsdmco dcfgäp pvp hdajsdmsfp òm bop gfcjop cf ògv'mj`d`jðm dqefmsjmop" d~jomfp z avtvfp- Fm gäp cf vmd oyoqsvmjcdccfpcf @ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd o cfpcf Qço Edbbfeop pf d`vcjð fm dvxjbjocf hdajsdmsfp cf bdp Gdb~jmdp yoq vqefm`jdp pdmjsdqjdp-

Vm hf`ho dmf`cðsjò ydqd qfòqcdq poaqf bdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdpcvqdmsf bd Yqjgfqd Evfqqd Gvmcjdb

Pj ajfm dbfkdcdp vmop 43-999 lg cf bop yqjm`jydbfp bvedqfp cfbv`hd cvqdmsf bd Yqjgfqd Evfqqd Gvmcjdb" fb 8 cf Cj`jfgaqf cf 4:43pf yqocvko vmd adsdbbd md~db fm bdp `fq`dmçdp cf bdp jpbdp" comcf pffmnqfmsdqom `jmò `qv`fqop (‒P`hdqmhoqps‗" ‒Emfvpfmdv‗" ‒Mòqmafqe‗"‒Cqfpcfm‗ z ‒Bfjy{je‗* gäp sqfp avtvfp dvxjbjdqfp dbfgdmfp db gdmco

cfb Dbgjqdmsf @omcf Gdxjgjbjdm ~om Pyff òmsqd pjfsf avtvfp jmebf'pfp nvfqsfgfmsf dqgdcop (‒Jm~jm`jabf‗" ‒Jmfxjabf‗" ‒@dqmd~om‗" ‒@oq 'mudbb‗" ‒Lfms‗" ‒Aqjpsob‗ z ‒Ebdpeou‗*- Bd cfqqosd cf bd osd dbfgdmd nvfòmsvmcfmsf" pobo cop avtvfp {dndqom cfb hvmcjgjfmso" fb ‒Cqfpcfm‗ zvm avtvf dvxjbjdq (‒Pfzcbjs{‗*-

Fb yfsqðbfo cf bdp Gdb~jmdp

Fm bop ûbsjgop sjfgyop pf hd yvfpso poaqf fb sdyfsf fb sfgd

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8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

01

Mvfpsqo ydçp pjfgyqf hd hf`ho qf`bdgop kvpsop nqfmsf d bddmd`qðmj`d vpvqyd`jðm òbomjdbjpsd aqjsämj`d" tvf bfkop cf qfòmo`fq mvfpsqop cfqf`hop hjpsðqjòp z sfqqjsoqjdbfp ògo ydqsf cf mvfpsqd ybd'sdnoqgd òmsjmfmsdb" cfp~çd bdp cf`jpjomfp d pvp hdajsdmsfp" tvf mopom gäp tvf o`vydmsfp jbfedbfp cf mvfpsqo sfqqjsoqjo-

Qfòmo`jgjfmso z gfgoqjd d mvfpsqop hfqgdmop tvf cjfqombd ~jcd yoq bd Ydsqjd" dbevmop ~fbdmco yoq mvfpsqd poafqdmçd fm fb @f'gfmsfqjo cf Cdqujm" osqop fm fb nomco cfb gdq fm fb @qv`fqo EfmfqdbAfbeqdmo" z osqop tvf bdgfmsdabfgfmsf yfqcjfqom pv ~jcd cfpyvêp yoq cj~fqpop yqoabfgdp ~jm`vbdcop d bd evfqqd cf 4:81- Fb qf`vfqco sdg'

ajêm ydqd bop ~fsfqdmop cf evfqqd tvf cjfqom bo gäxjgo cf pç fm yopcf bd eqdmcf{d cf bd Ydsqjd-

Njevqd 4; Jgdefm sogdcd cfb Bjaqo F~jsd cf yqjgfq eqdco jmnfqjoq (dôop 4:36 d 4:66*-

Dvsoqd Eqd`jfbd Dbaoqmo{ cf ^jcfbd" Fcjsoqjdb Bvjp Bdpfqqf-

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GDB^JMDP

00

Cq- @bdvcjo Dbafqso Ydqj`d; Efðboeo" Yqonfpoq Dpo`jdco Efoboeçd Dg'

ajfmsdb (VMPDG*- Efoboeçd cfb Pf`soq Dmsäqsjò Dqefmsjmo (VMPDG*-

Cjqf`soq cfb @fmsqo cf Jm~fpsjed`jomfp Dmsäqsj`dp z Ydsdeðmj`dp cf bd

Vmj~fqpjcdc Md`jomdb cf Efmfqdb Pdm Gdqsçm- Dvsoq cfb @dyçsvbo cfb

Bjaqo Efoboeçd Dqefmsjmd Fb yqf`ägaqjò cf bdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp z bd Dm'

säqsjcd- Fcjsoq Pfq~j`jo Efobðejò Gjmfqo Dqefmsjmo- 4:::- Yqfgjo Yf'

qjso Nqdm`jpò Goqfmo osoqedco yoq bd Po`jfcdc Dqefmsjmd cf Fpsvcjop

Efoeqäòp (EDFD*-

Njevqd 1; Gdyd cf bdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp-

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GDB^JMDP

03

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

06

Bd yqfpfm`jd dqefmsjmd fm bdp jpbdp eoafqmdcdp yoq fb Eo'afqmdcoq ^fqmfs hdpsd bd vpvqyd`jðm z o`vyd`jðm jbfedb fp vm hf`hojmòmsqdpsdabf" ògo bo fp bd d`sj~jcdc cfpdqqobbdcd yoq bd jmcvpsqjd

md`jomdb d sqd~êp cf bd @ogydôçd Dqefmsjmd cf Yfp`d jmpsdbdcd fmbdp Jpbdp Efoqejdp cfb Pvq- Fpsd fgyqfpd" kvmso d bop sqdadkdcoqfp tvfdbbç yqo`fpdadm bd yfp`d" tvf jm`bvçd `fsä`fop" fgjsjð d``jomfp tvfnvfqom oakfso cf oyfqd`jomfp avqpäsjbfp fm bd aobpd md`jomdb- Sdgajêmfpsf hf`ho cfgvfpsqd tvf bdp Jpbdp Efoqejdp hdm pjco o`vydcdp yoq bd Dqefmsjmd fm noqgd yopsfqjoq" jm`bvpo" d bd jbfedb o`vyd`jðm cf bdpGdb~jmdp- Cf jevdb gdmfqd o`vqqjð òm bdp Jpbdp Pdmcuj`h" mvfpsqoydçp jmpsdbð bd Adpf @jfmsç`d @oqafsd Vqvevdz cfmsqo cf pv fptvfgdcf adpfp dmsäqsj`dp" bvfeo bd adpf nvf cfpsqvjcd ògo vm mvf~o d`socf vm cfpedpsdco òbomjdbjpgo aqjsämjò fm bd {omd-

Cf tvê pjq~fm fpsop cdsop pvfbsop?

Cf yoò" pj vmo mo bop fmbd{d fm fb yoqtvê bd Qfyûabj`d Dq'efmsjmd sjfmf vmd nvfqsf ~jpjðm hjpsðqj`d z md`jomdb cf mvfpsqo bjsoqdbgdqçsjgo z ajòmsjmfmsdb-

Mvfpsqo ydçp fpsdabf`jð vmd yoabd`jðm bfeçsjgdgfmsf òmp'sjsvjcd fm bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp ydqd jmsfeqdqbdp db qfpso cf bd Md`jðm" db

Dmsäqsjcd z Gdb~jmdp;yobçsj`dp cf fpsdco" vmd ~jpjðm jmsfeqdb

Cq- Gdqjdmo D- Gfgobbj

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GDB^JMDP

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pfq vpvqydcdp sqdpbdcd pv d`sj~jcdc ògfq`jdb d bdp Jpbdp Efoqejdp fmcomcf pf qfdbj{dm sdqfdp ògfq`jdbfp z bop sqdadkdcoqfp pom bop qfpj'cfmsfp yfqgdmfmsfp tvf yvfabdm mvfpsqdp Jpbdp Efoqejdp" z yoq osqobdco fb jmsfqêp `jfmsçò yoq bdp devdp pvadmsäqsj`dp z dmsäqsj`dp tvfpf hd gdmsfmjco ògo yobçsj`d cf fpsdco-

Bd yqfpfm`jd dqefmsjmd mo pf jmj`jd fm 4:93 òm bd jmdvev'qd`jðm cf bd adpf- Fm qfdbjcdc" ògjfm{d fm bd pfevmcd cê`dcd cfbpjebo XJX òm bdp fxyfcj`jomfp cf bop notvfqop cf Avfmop Djqfp tvfzd dmsfp cf 4848 ̀ d{dadm boaop cf cop yfbop fm bdp Jpbdp Phfsbdmc cfbPvq-

Dqefmsjmd" yoq jmsfqgfcjo cf pvp eqdmcfp hogaqfp" hd sqdad' kdco cfpcf `dpj cop`jfmsop dôop fm bd Dmsäqsjcd z cfpcf hd`f gäp cf`jfm dôop cf gdmfqd jmjmsfqqvgyjcd" adpämcopf fm bd `jfm`jd ògohfqqdgjfmsd db jmpsdbdqpf bd adpf Oq`dcdp- Fpsd Adpf @jfmsç`d nvm'`jomd fm noqgd yfqgdmfmsf cfpcf 4:93 hdpsd mvfpsqop cçdp" cfyfm'cjfmco oqjejmdbgfmsf cfb Gjmjpsfqjo cf Deqj`vbsvqd z Edmdcfqçd z òmfb oakfsj~o cf fpsvcjdq bop pvfbop cf bd Jpbd z qfejpsqdq bop nfmðgfmopgfsfoqobðejòp- Fb qfejpsqo cf bop cdsop hjpsðqjòp hd pjco ~dbjopo ydqd

bd ̀ ogvmjcdc jmsfqmd`jomdb zd tvf db ̀ ogydqdqbop pv`fpj~dgfmsf" yfq'gjsfm oapfq~dq bop `dgajop `bjgäsjòp fm bd d`svdbjcdc- Pj ajfm bd d`sj'~jcdc yfqgdmfmsf pvyfqd bop 499 dôop" bd yqfpfm`jd dqefmsjmd cdsd cfdmsfp cf 4848" òm bo tvf mvfpsqo ydçp fpsä `fq`d cf bo 199 dôop cfyqfpfm`jd fm fb òmsjmfmsf dmsäqsjò-

Cfpsd`dabf fp dcfgäp bd òmsjmvjcdc yobçsj`d tvf mvfpsqoydçp gdmsjfmf òm qfpyf`so d bd Dmsäqsjcd" adpdcd fm pvp gêqjsop;

‡ Qfdbj{ð vmd o`vyd`jðm sfgyqdmd cfb pf`soq-‡ @qfð fm 4:64 fb Jmpsjsvso Dmsäqsjò Dqefmsjmo" yqjgfqd

jmpsjsv`jðm `jfmsç`d dmsäqsj`d cfb gvmco-

‡ Cfpdqqobbð vm pjpsfgd cf adpfp" qfnvejop z dyozo bo'eçpsjò dòqcf d pvp yopjajbjcdcfp-

‡ Gdmsv~o fm fb ̀ dgyo cjybogäsjò bdp d``jomfp ̀ oqqfp'yomcjfmsfp ydqd gdmsfmfq qgf fb qf`bdgo poafqdmo poaqf fb pf`soq dmsäqsjò-

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GDB^JMDP

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Fpsop òmpjcfqdmcop efmfqdm vmd qfdbjcdc jgyd`sdmsf; bd Dq'efmsjmd fp vm ydçp ajòmsjmfmsdb" òm vm sfqqjsoqjo cf 1-5>>-88: lg1"tvf pvgdmco bd pvyfq`jf cfb sfqqjsoqjo dmsäqsjò dqefmsjmo cd vm sosdbcf 0-5>4-153 lg±" pjm pvgdq bd pvyfq`jf cf pv ybdsdnoqgd ̀ omsjmfmsdbgdqjmd-

Fpsd qfdbjcdc hd pjco oakfso cfb jmsfqêp cfb Yqfpjcfmsf Kvdm C-Yfqðm tvjfm fm`dqeð d bd @ogjpjðm Md`jomdb cfb Dmsäqsjò vm fpsvcjofpsqdsêejò poaqf bd Dmsäqsjcd z devdp pvadmsäqsj`dp fm 4:3> tvf pfyvabj`ð fm 4:38- Yfqðm sv~o vmd ~jpjðm fpsqdsêej`d f jmsfeqdb poaqf fb

Dsbämsjò Pvq- Nvf yoq fpo tvf fb gdzoq cfpdqqobbo fm bd hjpsoqjd cf Dmsäqsjcd pf qfdbj{ð cfpcf 4:38 d 4:66-

Yfqðm fmògjfmcd db fmsom`fp @mfb- Hfqmäm Yvkdso tvf ò'gjfm`f d jgybfgfmsdq d``jomfp tvf yfqgjsdm jm`qfgfmsdq bd o`vyd'`jðm cfb pf`soq dmsäqsjò dqefmsjmo z bd fpsqdsfejd ybdmsfdcd nvf;

Yqjgfqo" jm`qfgfmsdq fb mûgfqo cf adpfp dmsäqsj`dpògo bvedqfp cf oyfqd`jomfp- Fp dtvç fm comcf pf fpsdabf`fm bdp ad'pfp tvf gv`hdp cf fbbdp dûm yfqcvqdm" ògo Fpyfqdm{d" Cf`fy`jðm"Aqoum" Pdm Gdqsçm" Afbeqdmo" Yfsqfb" @ägdqd" Gfb`hjoq" Gdsjfm{o z

Yossfq (hoz Kvadmz* ̀ ogo bdp gäp cfpsd`dcdp- Bd adpf Pdm Gdqsçm nvfbd yqjgfqd adpf cfb gvmco db pvq cfb @çq`vbo Yobdq Dmsäqsjò- Cf fpsdnoqgd pf fpsdabf`çdm yvmsop cf oyfqd`jðm ydqd bd pfevmcd fsdyd-

Bd pfevmcd fsdyd nvf bd cf fpsdabf`fq d bd d`sj~jcdc`jfmsç`d ògo adpf cfb jmsfqêp md`jomdb-

Sfq`fqo" ydqsj`jydq cf bop noqop jmsfqmd`jomdbfp ydqdjmvjq z cdq d òmo`fq bop cfqf`hop cf Dqefmsjmd fm pv pf`soq dmsäqsj'

ò- @vdqso" aqjmcdq jmnoqgd`jðm yûabj`d poaqf bd Dmsäqsjcdz bdp d`sj~jcdcfp md`jomdbfp" yoq fpsd qd{ðm fgadq`d yfqjocjpsdp cfbmosj`jfqo ̀ jmfgdsoeqäò ‒Pv`fpop Dqefmsjmop‗ ydqd ̀ vaqjq bdp ̀ dgyd'ôdp dmsäqsj`dp cf 4:64 z 4:61" cfp`qjajfmco bdp fyoyfzdp cf bdp yqj'gfqdp cosd`jomfp cf bdp adpfp qf`jfmsfgfmsf nvmcdcdp- Pom cfpsd`d'abfp bdp jgäefmfp cf Yfqðm z F~jsd" cfpyjcjfmco d bd yqjgfqd ̀ dgydôddmsäqsj`d `jfmsç`d fm 4:64 fm fb avtvf cf bd gdqjmd gfq`dmsf PdmsdGj`dfbd" ògdmcdco yoq fb @dyjsäm cf Vbsqdgdq Pdmsjdeo Ndqqfbb-

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GDB^JMDP

08

Fb tvjmso ydpo mo yvco cdqpf yoq fb dpdbso db yocfq cf 4:66fm tvf bd cj`sdcvqd cf Dqdgavqv z Qokdp ̀ dgajð fb qvgao cfb yqozf`somd`jomdb cf yqfpfm`jd z qfj~jmcj`d`jðm cf bop cfqf`hop dqefmsjmop fmfb Dsbämsjò Pvq z bd Dmsäqsjcd- Fpf tvjmso ydpo fqd jmpsdbdq vm yvfabofm bd adpf Fpyfqdm{d ydqd gdmsfmfq vmd o`vyd`jðm `j~jb yfqgdmfmsffm vm òmsjmfmsf cfphdajsdco" zd tvf ydqd Yfqðm bd o`vyd`jðm gjbjsdq

mo fqd fb ûmjò pvpsfmso cf bop cfqf`hop md`jomdbfp-

Hoz bd jm~fpsjed`jðm z fb òmo`jgjfmso pom hfqqdgjfmsdp `fm'sqdbfp ydqd pfevjq noqsdbf`jfmco bdp yobçsj`dp cf nvfqsf yqfpfm`jd md'`jomdb tvf pfôdbdqom bop yqfcf`fpoqfp- Sdgyoò pf cfafm ob~jcdq bop

yqf`fysop poaqf yqosf``jðm dgajfmsdb tvf Yfqðm pfôdbdqd ògo oakf'so cf yqfo`vyd`jðm fm fb nvsvqo cf bdp qfbd`jomfp jmsfqmd`jomdbfp" fmfpyf`jdb yoq bd yvkd yoq oasfmfq qf`vqpop mdsvqdbfp-

Pj ajfm fm bd Dmsäqsjcd" yoq fb Sqdsdco Dmsäqsjò mo yvfcf fxjp'sjq fxybosd`jðm cf bop qf`vqpop mdsvqdbfp" jm`bvzfmco bop gjmfqdbfp" fpso

mo o`vqqf db Moqsf cfb ydqdbfbo >9¹ Pvq- Yoq fpo fp tvf fb Qfjmo Vmjcoonqf`f fm noqgd jbfedb bj`fm`jdp cf yfp`d cfpcf bdp Jpbdp Efoqejdp cfbPvq" poaqffxybosdmco bd ̀ dysvqd cf fpyf`jfp cf bop o`êdmop dvpsqdbfp"jmsfmsdmco fxsqdfq yfsqðbfo cf bdp Gdb~jmdp z vsjbj{dq bop qf`vqpop ef'mêsjòp cf bop gdqfp- Bd fpsqdsfejd nvf vpvqydq ydqd jgybfgfmsdq bdpyobçsj`dp tvf yoq bfeçsjgo cfqf`ho òqqfpyomcfm d bd Dqefmsjmd-

@qffgop tvf bd ~jpjðm tvf fm pv gogfmso hdm sfmjco poaqf bd Dmsäqsjcd fb Yfqjso Nqdm`jpò Y- Goqfmo" fb Yqfpjcfmsf Kvdm C- Yfqðm"z fb Efmfqdb Yvkdso" fmsqf osqop" cf gdmsfmfq d bd Dqefmsjmd yqfpfmsffm noqgd d`sj~d fm fb òmsjmfmsf abdmò" fp bd tvf mvfpsqd Md`jðm cfafpopsfmfq- Hoz Dqefmsjmd fp fb ydçp tvf fm fb gvmco" yopff fb gdzoq

mûgfqo cf adpfp" yfqgdmfmsfp z cf oyoqsvmjcdc sfgyoqdqjd" dcfgäpcf bop qfnvejop-

Bd d`sj~jcdc dmsäqsj`d qftvjfqf cf yqonfpjomdbjpgo z cf qjeoq gfsocobðejò- Pom gv`hop bop cfpdnçop tvf ybdmsfd fb fpnvfq{o yoq gdmsfmfq db òmsjmfmsf abdmò fm pv fpsdco yqçpsjmo" yoq popsfmfq fb

fpyçqjsv cfb Sqdsdco Dmsäqsjò adpdco fm bd f`vd`jðm; òmo`jgjfmso`jfmsçò" ̀ ooyfqd`jðm jmsfqmd`jomdb z yd{- Tvjfmfp hdm sqdadkdco dbf'

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GDB^JMDP

0:

kdcop cf pvp pfqfp tvfqjcop fmsjfmcfm fpsf ògyqogjpo" dpç ògo fbEoajfqmo dqefmsjmo tvf bop dyozd z qfpydbcd-

¿@ðgo pf qfpydbcd bd d`sj~jcdc? @ogo bo hdm fmsfmcjco bdp

dvsoqjcdcfp dqefmsjmdp; jm`qfgfmsdmco fb dyozo" yqfpfq~dmco bop jm'sfqfpfp cf bd Qfyûabj`d z ddm{dmco bd poafqdmçd dqefmsjmd fm fb pf`'soq dmsäqsjò" dpç ògo fm bop cjpsjmsop noqop cfb Pjpsfgd cfb Sqdsdco

Dmsäqsjò" ybdmj`dmco bdp d`sj~jcdcfp" ~fbdmco yoq fb `vgybjgjfmso cfbd Yobçsj`d Md`jomdb Dmsäqsj`d z noqsdbf`jfmco bdp jmpsjsv`jomfp tvf jmsf'eqdm fb Pjpsfgd-

Fb nvsvqo jmgfcjdso ybdmsfd vm `qf`jgjfmso cf bd d`sj~jcdc

`jfmsç`d" bd gdzoq jmsfeqd`jðm òm bd Yqo~jm`jd cf Sjfqqd cfb Nvfeo" Dmsäqsjcd f Jpbdp cfb Dsbämsjò Pvq" mo pðbo ògo bo tvf fp pv `dyjsdb"bd yvfqsd mdsvqdb cf fmsqdcd d bd Dmsäqsjcd" pjmo ògo adpf cf nvsvqopfgybd{dgjfmsop md`jomdbfp z yqo~jm`jdbfp-

‡ Dqefmsjmd cvybj`ð bd yqocv``jðm cf sqdadkop ̀ jfmsçòpfm yvabj`d`jomfp jmsfqmd`jomdbfp ̀ om f~dbvd`jðm z pfbf``jðm cf dqsç`v'bop" poaqf sfgäsj`d dmsäqsj`d fm fb yfqjoco 1993'1995

‡ Cf jm`bvjq yvabj`d`jomfp fm jcjogd fpydôob z yqfpfm'sd`jomfp d òmeqfpop sqjybj`dqçd bd yqocv``jðm ydqd fb gjpgo yfqjoco

‡ Fm vm qfbf~dgjfmso gvmcjdb tvf dadq`d 53 jmpsjsv`jo'

mfp" bd Dqefmsjmd òm`fmsqd bdp sqfp ûmj`dp jmpsjsv`jomfp `jfmsç`dp cfBdsjmodgêqj`d òm yqfpfm`jd yoq jm~fpsjed`jomfp dmsäqsj`dp (Jmpsjsvso

Dmsäqsjò Dqefmsjmo" @OMJ@FS z VAD*-

Fm fb ûbsjgo mûgfqo cf bd qfòmo`jcd qf~jpsd ‒Dqsj`" Dmsdq`sj`"dmc Dbyjmf Qfpfdq`h‗" pf dmdbj{d bd yqocv``jðm cf yvabj`d`jomfp `jfm'

sç`dp qfnfqjcdp d bd sfgäsj`d yobdq" qfnfqfm`jdcdp fm bd ògyjbd`jðm

cfb Jmcfx gäp òmdabf tvf fxjpsf poaqf fb sfgd; bd adpf cf cdsop JPJ

Ufa on P`jfm`f- Qfpvbsd f~jcfmsf bd sfmcfm`jd `qf`jfmsf cf mvfpsqo

ydçp" ògo efmfqdcoq cf dqsç`vbop `jfmsçòp f jm~fpsjed`jomfp poaqf

bd sfgäsj`d dmsäqsj`d" nqfmsf db cf`djgjfmso cf ydçpfp ògo Jmebdsfqqd-

Bd qfdbj{d`jðm cf vm Yobo Boeçpsjò ydqd bd Dmsäqsjcd fm Vphvdjd z fb

Cfpdqqobbo cf vm Yobo @jfmsçò fm òmkvmso òm fb @OMJ@FS fm bd

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GDB^JMDP

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gjpgd `jvcdc" òm cfbfed`jomfp cf bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jomdb cfb Dmsäq'

sjò z cfb Jmpsjsvso Dmsäqsjò Dqefmsjmo" yfqgjsjqäm qfnoq{dq fb òmo`j'

gjfmso z bd jm~fpsjed`jðm fm socdp bdp qdgdp cf bdp `jfm`jdp" yfqo fm

fpyf`jdb bdp qfbd`jomdcdp òm bop fòpjpsfgdp gdqjmop" o`fdmoeqdnçdz ajoyqopyf``jðm- Fpsd yobçsj`d fp òmsjmvd`jðm cf bd d`svdb ~jpjðm fp'

sqdsêej`d poaqf bdp sjfqqdp dvpsqdbfp-

Bd qf`jfmsf pdm`jðm cf bd oabjedsoqjfcdc cfb vpo o`jdb cfb

gdyd cf bd Dqefmsjmd ajòmsjmfmsdb fm comcf fb `fmsqo cfb Ydçp pf

cfpybd{d cf @ðqcoad d Pdmsd @qv{" cd vmd jcfd cf bd jgyoqsdm`jd cf

yqfpfq~dq bo tvf yoq cfqf`ho òqqfpyomcf-

Bd fpsqdsfejd cf f~dbvdq fb jmsfqêp cf `dcd Ydçp yoq bd Dmsäq'sjcd gfcjdmsf bd `jfm`jd tvf qfdbj{d z bd d`sj~jcdc boeçpsj`d cf dyozo

pf hd ~vfbso bd qfebd cf oqo ògo yomcfqd`jðm cf yqfsfmpjomfp" cf

bop ydçpfp z cf cfqf`hop fm fb `dpo mvfpsqo- Yoq fpo pf pfôdbd bd d`'

sj~jcdc `jfmsç`d z nvf bd ~jpjðm cf Yfqðm gv`ho dmsfp tvf fb Sqdsdco

Dmsäqsjò fm 4:>4 òmpdeqdqd d bd Dmsäqsjcd ògo sfqqjsoqjo cfpsjmdco

d bd yd{ z d bd jm~fpsjed`jðm `jfmsç`d-

Fb Yqozf`so Efmogd Abdmò òmpjpsf fm vmd jm~fpsjed`jðmòmkvmsd fmsqf Ajo Pjcvp" fgyqfpd cf ajosf`moboeçd cf `dyjsdb md`jo'

mdb" z bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jomdb cfb Dmsäqsjò (C-M-D-*' Jmpsjsvso Dmsäqsjò

Dqefmsjmo" tvf cfyfmcfm cf bd @dm`jbbfqçd Dqefmsjmd- Gfcjdmsf fpsf

d`vfqco dgadp jmpsjsv`jomfp pf ̀ ogyqogfsjfqom d vmjq fpnvfq{op ydqd

fb dmäbjpjp cf bd gj`qooqd cfb @omsjmfmsf Dmsäqsjò-

Cf fpsd gdmfqd zd pf hdm qfdbj{dco ~dqjdp `dgydôdp tvf

`vbgjmdqom òm fb djpbdgjfmso cf gäp cf 399 gj`qooqedmjpgop cfbop cfmogjmdcop fxsqfgðbop- Fpsop pom oqedmjpgop fpyf`jdbgfmsf

dcdysdcop d dgajfmsfp cjnç`jbfp ydqd bd ~jcd" sdbfp ògo sfgyfqdsvqdp

gvz dbsdp o adkdp" òmcj`jomfp cf pftvfcdc o pdbjmjcdc fbf~dcd-

Cfmsqo cfb eqvyo cf bdp ad`sfqjdp fxsqfgðbdp pf fm`vfmsqdm

bdp pj`qðbdp- Bdp gjpgdp pðbo yvfcfm poaqf~j~jq d adkdp sfgyfqdsvqdp

cfajco d bd dcdysd`jðm tvf hdm dctvjqjco f~obvsj~dgfmsf z pom bdp

cogjmdmsfp fm fb òmsjmfmsf dmsäqsjò-

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Fm fb gdqò cf fpsd jm~fpsjed`jðm pf djpbð vmd `fyd ad`sf'

qjdmd tvf òmpsjsvzf vmd fpyf`jf dûm mo cfp`qjysd- Fpsf mo~fcopo

hdbbd{eo `jfmsçò sf`mobðejò yqo~jfmf cf gvfpsqdp cf devdp pvyfq '

`jdbfp sogdcdp fm bd @dbfsd Yossfq" vaj`dcd nqfmsf d bd adpf Kvadmz-Fb fpsvcjo" fm pv ndpf oyfqdsj~d" fpsv~o d `dqeo cfb Cq- Udbsfq Gd`

@oqgd`l cfb Jmpsjsvso Dmsäqsjò Dqefmsjmo z fb Cq Dmcqêp Afqò~j`h cf

AjoPjcvp-

Pf hd cfmogjmdco Aj{jomjd dqefmsjmfmpjp fm homoq d mvfpsqo

ydçp z d pv bdqed yqfpfm`jd fm fpsf ndp`jmdmsf sfqqjsoqjo-

@ogo ydqsf cf fpsf dgaj`jopo yqozf`so" hfgop yqo`fcjco d

vm yqonvmco dmäbjpjp gobf`vbdq tvf jm`bvzð bd pf`vfm`jd`jðm ògybfsdcf pv efmogd-

Aj{jomjd dqefmsjmfmpjp fp fb mogaqf tvf sogd fb yqjgfq oqed'

mjpgo `vzo efmogd fp pf`vfm`jdco fm pv sosdbjcdc cfmsqo cfb gdqò

cf vm yqozf`so dqefmsjmo-

Fb dmäbjpjp cf bd jmnoqgd`jðm efmðgj`d oasfmjcd yfqgjsjqä ò'

mo`fq fm yqonvmcjcdc bdp cjpsjmsdp nvm`jomfp cf fpsf sjyo cf gj`qooq'

edmjpgop fpyf`jdbgfmsf dcdysdcop db nqço- Ydqsf cf fpsf dmäbjpjp pf

oqjfmsdqä d bd aûptvfcd cf fbfgfmsop cf yosfm`jdb vpo jmcvpsqjdb-

Fpsf dgaj`jopo yqozf`so qfdbj{dco fm noqgd òmkvmsd yoq

Fpsdco'Fgyqfpd fm fb @omsjmfmsf Dmsäqsjò dyvmsd db cfpdqqobbo cf

vm mvf~o òm`fyso" fb cf bd Poafqdmçd Sf`mobðej`d" adpämcopf fm bd

sf`moboeçd ògo fkf nvmcdgfmsdb ydqd qf`bdgdq bd sjsvbdqjcdc cf vm

sfqqjsoqjo-Pfeûm fb ̀ ogyqogjpo dcoysdco yoq bd @dm`jbbfqçd Dqefmsjmd d

sqd~êp cf bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jomdb cfb Dmsäqsjò z AjoPjcvp P-D-" bd jmnoq'

gd`jðm cf bd pf`vfm`jd dpç oasfmjcd pfqä yvfpsd d cjpyopj`jðm cf bd

ògvmjcdc dqefmsjmd gfcjdmsf bd fmsqfed cf bd gjpgd d bd Pqd- Yqfpj'

cfmsd cf bd Md`jðm" Cqd- @qjpsjmd Nfqmämcf{-

Yoq fpsf yqozf`so fm ydqsj`vbdq z òmpjcfqdmco fm efmfqdb" bd

d`sj~jcdc ̀ jfmsç`d z bdp d``jomfp yobçsj`dp cfpdqqobbdcdp fm bop ûbsjgop

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cop dôop hdm yfqgjsjco sfmfq vm gdzoq yqosdeomjpgo cfmsqo cfb pjp'

sfgd- Fb hdafq boeqdco vmd gdzoq yqfpfm`jd cf `jfmsçòp z sê`mjòp

cfmsqo cf bop cjpsjmsop noqop cfb pjpsfgd cfb sqdsdco pjemj`ð tvf pf yv'

cjfqd fkfq`fq fb cfqf`ho cf ̀ ompfmpo f jgyfcjq tvf pf sogfm gfcjcdpdqajsqdqjdp-

Bd yqfpfm`jd cf jm~fpsjedcoqfp fm yqozf`sop gvbsjmd`jomdbfp

yfqgjsf d``fcfq d bd jmnoqgd`jðm cf yqjgfqd gdmo db jevdb tvf fb qfpso

cf bop jm~fpsjedcoqfp cf bop ydçpfp fòmðgj`dgfmsf cfpdqqobbdcop-

Dcfgäp cf yocfq cjp`vsjq fm vm ybdmo cf jevdbcdc poaqf bdp äqfdp d

dcgjmjpsqdq fm vm nvsvqo-

Bd `qffm`jd tvf mo pom qfbf~dmsfp bdp jm~fpsjed`jomfp fm bd Dmsäqsjcd z tvf bd pobd yqfpfm`jd fp pv`jfmsf" hd cfsfqjoqdco fm fb

ydpdco bd yopj`jðm md`jomdb z yfqgjsjco tvf pf yjfqcd bd ‒poafqdmçd

`jfmsç`d‗ poaqf bd tvf pf pvpsfmsd fb ydsqjgomjo cf bop ydçpfp gäp

cfpdqqobbdcop- Bd yopjajbjcdc tvf yvfcf aqjmcdq fb vpo qd`jomdb z ‒`j~jb‗

cf bop gfcjop òm bop tvf `vfmsd fb Fpsdco Md`jomdb yfqgjsjqä sfmfq

bçmfdp cf jm~fpsjed`jðm tvf mo pðbo qfcvmcdqäm fm fb afmêò fò'

mðgjò z cf jm`qfgfmsdq fb sqdadko efmvjmo md`jomdb pjmo tvf pfqämvm mvf~o z nvfqsf pvpsfmso d bd poafqdmçd z gdmfko cfb Dsbämsjò Pvq-

Bdp jm~fqpjomfp yocqäm kvpsj`dqpf òm fb yoq`fmsdkf tvf pf oasfmcqä

cf bdp ydsfmsfp tvf pf fkf`vsfm òm vm cfpsjmo d bd qfjm~fqpjðm fmgdzoq jm~fpsjed`jðm dybj`dcd d bd ajosf`moboeçd md`jomdb `vzo poyoqsfyqo~fmcqä cfpcf bd Dmsäqsjcd z {omdp pvadmsäqsj`dp hd`jd fb Dsbämsjòsqoyj`db-

Fp jgyoqsdmsf bd ògyqfmpjðm cf bop cdsop pfôdbdcop ògoyopjajbjcdcfp cf vm fpsvcjo yobçsjò cfsdbbdco cfb nvsvqo qob cf Dqefmsj'md fm fb Dsbämsjò Pvq z Dmsäqsjcd-

Njmdbj{dmco yvfcf qfòqcdqpf bd pjevjfmsf gäxjgd; ‒@vdmcoMoê òmpsqvzð fb Dq`d" socd~çd mo bbo~çd‗-

Bdp yobçsj`dp jmsfeqdcdp fmsqf socop bop pf`soqfp md`jomdbfp"

bd ~jpjðm md`jomdb cf bop sqdadkdcoqfp gfcjdmsf pvp oqedmj{d`jomfp

eqfgjdbfp z fb yvfabo fm efmfqdb cdqäm pvpsfmso d bd òmsjmvjcdc cf

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qfj~jmcj`dq mvfpsqop cfqf`hop poaqf fpsop sfqqjsoqjop hdpsd oasfmfq ybf'md poafqdmçd z cfkdq dsqäp fb òbomjdbjpgo dq`djò-

Cq- Gdqjdmo D- Gfgobbj; Cjqf`soq Md`jomdb cfb Dmsäqsjò- ̂ j`fyqfpjcfmsf

cfb @ompfko cf Dcgjmjpsqdcoqfp cf Yqoeqdgdp Dmsäqsjòp Md`jomdbfp-

Cfbfedco Dqefmsjmo db @ogjsê cf Yqosf``jðm Dgajfmsdb cfb Sqdsdco Dm'

säqsjò- Cfbfedco Dqefmsjmo d bd Qfvmjðm cf Dcgjmjpsqdcoqfp cf Yqo'

eqdgdp Dmsäqsjòp Bdsjmodgfqj`dmop-

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Sqdmp`vqqjfqom cjf{ dôop cfpcf bd ûbsjgd ~f{ tvf fp`qjaç vmsfxso poaqf Gdb~jmdp" nvf d pobj`jsvc cf bd D`dcfgjd Md`jomdb cf Efo'

eqdnçd ydqd vmd cf pvp sdmsdp yvabj`d`jomfp yfqjðcj`dp4- Mdsvqdbgfm'sf" cvqdmsf soco fpsf sjfgyo fb pfevjgjfmso cf bd `dpj aj`fmsfmdqjd`vfpsjðm poaqf bd poafqdmçd sfqqjsoqjdb cf bdp jpbdp" tvf jm~obv`qd d bd

Dqefmsjmd z fb Qfjmo Vmjco" fpsv~o pjfgyqf yqfpfmsf d sqd~êp cf bd `ä'sfcqd fm fb dvbd cf bd vmj~fqpjcdc o fm fkfq`j`jop d`dcêgjòp cf noqopfpyf`jdbj{dcop-

Mo yocçd pfq cf osqd gdmfqd" yoqtvf mop fp jmf~jsdabf sqdm'pjsdq fb fpsvcjo cfb cfqf`ho jmsfqmd`jomdb pjm cfsfmfqmop fm fpf yvmsoz yoqtvf fm ~fqcdc" socop bop dqefmsjmop pjm cjpsjm`jomfp dpo`jdm òmfb gäp dbso jmsfqêp md`jomdb bd qfj~jmcj`d`jðm cf cfqf`hop poaqf bdp

jpbdp vpvqydcdp yoq bop aqjsämjòp fm 4800- Fm osqdp ydbdaqdp Gdb~jmdpzd pjgaobj{d vm ~dboq òbf`sj~o" `vzd cfnfmpd `dcd dqefmsjmo dpvgf

ògo yqoyjd jgyomjêmcopf" dcfgäp" bd ̀ dqed ~obvmsdqjd cf sqdpbdcdqbdjmsd`sd cf efmfqd`jðm fm efmfqd`jðm-

Gdb~jmdp 1949

Dmefb Fqmfpso Gobjmdqj

4 ‒Pjebo XXJ; Gdb~jmdp Dqefmsjmdp" Yqoyvfpsdp ydqd vmd yobçsj`d cf Fpsdco‗- D`dcfgjd Md`jomdbcf Efoeqdnçd- Yvabj`d`jðm Fpyf`jdb M» 43- Avfmop Djqfp" 1999-

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Fpsf hf`ho yobçsjò" kvqçcjò z nvmcdgfmsdbgfmsf po`jobðejò"nvf jmsfqyqfsdco yoq bop òmpsjsvzfmsfp cf 4::3 db cf`bdqdq ydqd pç zydqd socop bop yvfabop cfb gvmco tvf bd Dqefmsjmd ‒qdsjn`d pv bfeçsjgd f jgyqfp`qjysjabf poafqdmçd poaqf bdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp" Efoqejdp cfb Pvq

z Pdmcuj`h cfb Pvq z bop fpyd`jop gdqçsjgop f jmpvbdqfp òqqfpyom'

cjfmsfp" yoq pfq ydqsf jmsfeqdmsf cfb sfqqjsoqjo md`jomdb‗ < qdsj`dmco tvfbd qf`vyfqd`jðm poafqdmd cf sdbfp sfqqjsoqjop pjm dbsfqdq bd ̀ vbsvqd cf boptvf d`svdbgfmsf dbbç hdajsdm z pjm dydqsdqpf cf bop yqjm`jyjop cfb Cfqf'`ho Jmsfqmd`jomdb" ‒òmpsjsvzfm vm oakfsj~o yfqgdmfmsf f jqqfmvm`jdabfcfb yvfabo dqefmsjmo‗1- Cf fpsd gdmfqd fb ~dboq òbf`sj~o dctvjfqf bdnoqgd z fb yfpo cf bd bfsqd òmpsjsv`jomdb z" yoq osqd ydqsf" bd `dqed

~obvmsdqjd cf gdmsfmfq ~jefmsf fb oakfsj~o cf bd qfj~jmcj`d`jðm pf sqdmp'noqgd fm vm gdmcdso jgyqfp`qjysjabf ydqd bdp efmfqd`jomfp nvsvqdp-

+ + +

Qf~jpdmco fm yfqpyf`sj~d dtvfb sfxso yvabj`dco hd`f cjf{dôop" yvfco òmpsdsdq tvf bd pjsvd`jðm mo hd `dgajdco pvpsdm`jdb'gfmsf z fb yfmpdgjfmso cf fmsom`fp fm eqdm ydqsf gdmsjfmf pv ~j'efm`jd- Mo fp mf`fpdqjo qfnoqgvbdq dtvfbbop òm`fysop" pðbo hdz tvf

qfsogdqbop fm pvp dpyf`sop `fmsqdbfp-

@ojm`jcfmsfgfmsf ̀ om fb jmj`jo cfb mvf~o pjebo ̀ vgybçd ̀ vdsqocê`dcdp bd cf`bdqd`jðm cf bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp tvf jgyvbpð vmo cf bopgäp dgybjop yqo`fpop cf cfpòbomj{d`jðm cfmsqo bd d`svdb ògvmjcdcjmsfqmd`jomdb oqedmj{dcd0" ògydqdabf fm pvp fnf`sop òm bd òqqjfmsffgdm`jydcoqd yqocv`jcd fm Dgêqj`d bdsjmd cvqdmsf fb pjebo cjf`jmvf~f-Pjm fgadqeo fm fb yqjgfq gjmvso cfb sfq`fq gjbfmjo socd~çd pvapjpsçdm

`dpop mo qfpvfbsop cf cogjmjo òbomjdb" dnf`sdmco d `dpj 4"0 gjbbomfpcf yfqpomdp tvf hdajsdadm sfqqjsoqjop pogfsjcop d fpf qêejgfm3- Fmsqf

1 @ompsjsv`jðm cf bd Md`jðm Dqefmsjmd- Cjpyopj`jomfp sqdmpjsoqjdp" `bävpvbd yqjgfqd (4::3*-0 Cf`bdqd`jðm poaqf bd òm`fpjðm cf bd jmcfyfmcfm`jd d bop ydçpfp z yvfabop òbomjdbfp- Qfpobv'

`jðm cf bd Dpdgabfd Efmfqdb cf bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp 4643 (X^* cfb 43 cf cj`jfgaqf cf 4:>9-3 ‒DA@ cf bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp‗" y- 096- Oqedmj{d`jðm cf bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp- Mfu Zoql" 4::8-

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fbbop bdp cjpyvsdp yoq fb Pdhdqd O``jcfmsdb" Ejaqdbsdq" Sjgoq Oqjfmsdb6 zbdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp pom fkfgybop fgabfgäsjòp-

Bd pf`vbdq yvemd fmsqf bd Dqefmsjmd z fb Qfjmo Vmjco yoq bdp

Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp dsqd~fpð cf vm fxsqfgo db osqo socop bop gdsj`fp tvfonqf`f fb dqò cf vmd ̀ omsqo~fqpjd sfqqjsoqjdb" cfpcf bd mfeo`jd`jðm ftvj'bjaqdcd z qf`çyqo`dgfmsf ̀ om~fmjfmsf hdpsd fb ̀ omj`so dqgdco- Mfeo'`jd`jðm ajbdsfqdb cjqf`sd z mfeo`jd`jðm fm noqop gvbsjbdsfqdbfp" d`sop cfòqsfpçd z pfcv``jðm> yfqo sdgajêm qfjsfqdcop d`sop cf yqo~o`d`jðm-Fp oyoqsvmo gfm`jomdq fmsqf êpsop ûbsjgop" bd qf`jfmsf cf`jpjðm cfbeoajfqmo aqjsämjò dvsoqj{dmco d fgyqfpdp yqj~dcdp bd fxyboqd`jðm zf~fmsvdbgfmsf fxybosd`jðm onn phoqf cf hjcqo`dqavqop fm bd ybdsdnoqgd

òmsjmfmsdb cf bdp jpbdp-

Dpjgjpgo fp kvpso qfòmo`fq" tvf bd mfeo`jd`jðm ajbdsfqdb cj'qf`sd fm pv gogfmso efmfqð `jfqsop pjemop cf d`fq`dgjfmso z dûm pjmvmd defmcd ~jm`vbdmsf fm gdsfqjd cf poafqdmçd" dydqf`jfqom efpsopyopjsj~op tvf dbfmsdadm bd yopjajbjcdc cf daoqcdqbd fm fb nvsvqo5-

Cfpyvêp ~fmcqä bd evfqqd d jmsfqqvgyjq fm noqgd daqvysddtvfbbop yqoeqfpop" abotvfdmco bd mfeo`jd j̀ðm ajbdsfqdb z daqjfmco vmbdqeo `dgjmo cf cfpòmdm{dp yoq fb `vdb socd~çd hoz sqdmpjsdgop-

6 Sjgoq Oqjfmsdb pf òmpsjsvzf fm Fpsdco jmcfyfmcjfmsf fm fb dôo 1991- ^fq ‒@ompsjsvsjom on FdpsSjgoq‗ (1991*-> Qf`vêqcfpf bd cfmogjmdcd yobçsj`d cf pfcv``jðm cjqjejcd hd`jd bop jpbfôop" dybj`dcd yoq fbeoajfqmo dqefmsjmo fm bd cê`dcd cf bop dôop mo~fmsd-5 Bd fsdyd cf `bdqop yqoeqfpop fm fpf pfmsjco fm`vfmsqd hjsop fm fb D`vfqco cf Avfmop Djqfp

poaqf ògvmj`d`jðm z go~jgjfmso cf yfqpomdp fmsqf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp z fb Sfqqjsoqjo @omsjmfmsdb Dqefmsjmo (4:54*< D`vfqco ajbdsfqdb poaqf bd dyfqsvqd cf vmd defm`jd ògfq̀ jdb cf BDCF z bd jmj'`jd`jðm cf vm pfq~j`jo qfevbdq fmsqf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp z fb Sfqqjsoqjo @omsjmfmsdb Dqefmsjmo (4:51*<bd cfmogjmdcd gjpjðm Phd`lbfsom (mo o`jdb* dbfmsdmco bd mf`fpjcdc cf vmd òydqsj`jyd`jðm oòbdaoqd`jðm òm bd Dqefmsjmd fm gdsfqjd cf fxyboqd`jðm cf hjcqo`dqavqop z yfp`d (4:56*< cf'`bdqd`jomfp cfb Gjmjpsqo cf Qfbd`jomfp Fxsfqjoqfp aqjsämjò Fcudqcp Qoubdmcp db ~jpjsdq bd jpbdpydpdmco yqf~jdgfmsf yoq Avfmop Djqfp; sqdsdqçd cf boeqdq vmd pobv`jðm tvf pdsjpnded d dgadpydqsfp…mo hdqçd mdcd d fpydbcdp cf bop jpbfôop (4:55*< ~jpjsd cfb ~j`f`dm`jbbfq aqjsämjò Mj`hobdpQjcbfz ydqd vmd mvf~d qomcd cf òm~fqpd`jomfp òm nvm`jomdqjop dqefmsjmop (4:5:*< bdp sqfpyqoyvfpsdp cf Bomcqfp tvf fb gjpgo Mj`hobdp Qjcbfz bbf~d d bop jpbfôop" tvf yvfcfm qfpvgjqpffm j* òmcogjmjo o dcgjmjpsqd`jðm ògydqsjcd (pobv`jðm cf bdp cop admcfqdp" jj* òmefbdgjfmsocf bdp mfeo`jd`jomfp poaqf bd poafqdmçd cfb dq`hjyjêbdeo" jjj* qfòmo`fq bd poafqdmçd dqefmsjmd

yfqo òmcj`jomdcd db dvsogäsjò dqqfmcdgjfmso sosdb cf bdp jpbdp db Qfjmo Vmjco (4:89*< fmsqfosqop dmsf`fcfmsfp-

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Sdbfp `jq`vmpsdm`jdp òmqgdm cop yqfpvyvfpsop aäpjòp"fpso fp" tvf fm fb eqdco cf cfpdqqobbo db`dm{dco yoq fb cfqf`ho jmsfq'md`jomdb" bd evfqqd 'dûm edmämcobd' fp bd fpsqdsfejd gäp cfp~fmsdkopdydqd pobv`jomdq vmd ̀ omsqo~fqpjd sfqqjsoqjdb fmsqf Fpsdcop z gv`ho gäp

cfp~fmsdkopd ydqd fb Fpsdco tvf mo fkfq`f bd yopfpjðm fnf`sj~d cfbsfqqjsoqjo fm cjpyvsd- Yoq osqd ydqsf" tvf bd mfeo`jd`jðm ajbdsfqdb cjqf`sdyoq jmnqv`svopd tvf nvfqf" fp vmd ~çd tvf pjfgyqf onqf`f bd yopjajbjcdccf ~ob~fq-

Fm fb sfqqfmo gvbsjbdsfqdb fb ybdmsfo dqefmsjmo hdbbð pv gfkoq qfpyvfpsd cfmsqo cfb pjpsfgd cf bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp" yoqtvf dbbç pfboeqð tvf bd ògvmjcdc jmsfqmd`jomdb qfòmo{`d bd fxjpsfm`jd cf vmd

òmsqo~fqpjd fmsqf cop Fpsdcop òm qfbd`jðm d vm sfqqjsoqjo cfsfqgjmd'co- @om~fmedgop pjm fgadqeo tvf cjnç`jbgfmsf bd pobv`jðm cfmjsj~dcf fpsf sjyo cf `vfpsjomfp pf db`dm`f fm fpyd`jop cf mfeo`jd`jðmgvbsjbdsfqdb cf sdbfp cjgfmpjomfp- Cf goco tvf fb fkfq`j`jo cjybogäsj'ò fm fpsf sfqqfmo fmòmsqdqä kvpsj`d`jðm pj db gfmop boeqd jmpsdbdq fbsfgd fm bd dgybjd defmcd cf bd oqedmj{d`jðm jmsfqmd`jomdb" fkfq`jfmcofnf`so cf yqfpjðm poaqf bd òmsqdydqsf z yosfm`jdbgfmsf sqdcv`jqpf fmfbfgfmso òmcj`jomdmsf cfmsqo cf vmd mfeo`jd`jðm ajbdsfqdb cjqf`sd-

Bd dqgd`jðm tvf dmsf`fcf fp ~äbjcd yqjm`jydbgfmsf ydqd bopqfpvbsdcop oasfmjcop fm fb gdqò cf bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp yfqo sdg'ajêm" fm gfmoq gfcjcd" `vdmco yqo~jfmfm cf oqedmj{d`jomfp jmsfqmd'`jomdbfp qfejomdbfp o fpyf`jdbj{dcdp-

Bdp qfpobv`jomfp cf bd Dpdgabfd Efmfqdb poaqf bdp Jpbdp Gdb'~jmdp tvf cfpcf fb ydpdco oaqdm d nd~oq cf bd yopj`jðm dqefmsjmd qf'òmo`jfmco bd fxjpsfm`jd vmd òmsqo~fqpjd sfqqjsoqjdb8" nvfqom yqocv`socf eqdmcfp fpnvfq{op cjybogäsjòp" cf òzvmsvqdp fpyf`jdbfp cfb fp'`fmdqjo jmsfqmd`jomdb" pjfmco `bd~f 'yoqtvê mo' hdafq yocjco ‒dbjmfdq d bop ydçpfp mo dbjmfdcop sqdp bd `dvpd yoq Gdb~jmdp‗ ògo pf pfôd'

8 Fm fb dôo 4:>6 yoq yqjgfqd ~f{ pf qfòmo`f noqgdbgfmsf fm bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp bd fxjpsfm`jdcfb òmj`so fmsqf bd Dqefmsjmd z Eqdm Aqfsdôd yoq bd poafqdmçd sfqqjsoqjdb cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp"jm~jsdmco d bop eoajfqmop d yqopfevjq pjm cfgoqdp bdp mfeo`jd`jomfp qfògfmcdcdp yoq fb @ogj'sê cf cfpòbomj{d`jðm (Qfpobv`jðm 19>6 cf bd Dpdgabfd Efmfqdb*- Fm 4:50 pf qfjsfqd bd fxhoqsd'

`jðm (Qfpobv`jðm 04>9 cf bd Dpdgabfd Efmfqdb*" hf`ho tvf qfyfsjqäm fm pjgjbdqfp sêqgjmop osqdpqfpobv`jomfp cf bd Dpdgabfd Efmfqdb d bdp `vdbfp qfgjso-

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bdqd fm dtvfbbdp jmpsdm`jdp- Sdb ~f{ bd fxyqfpjðm gäp pjemj`dsj~d fmfb gäxjgo noqo gvmcjdb pf oasv~o fm fb dôo 4:86" db dyqoadqpf yoq daqvgdcoqfp 495 ~osop d nd~oq" 3 fm òmsqd z 34 dapsfm`jomfp vmdmvf~d qfpobv`jðm yjcjfmco mfeo`jd`jomfp fmsqf Avfmop Djqfp z Bom'cqfp `vdmco socd~çd hvgfdadm bop fpògaqop cf bd evfqqd cf 4:81:-

Mo `qfo nd`sjabf tvf qfpobv`jomfp òm sdb eqdco cf qfpydbcoyvfcdm qfyfsjqpf fm bd d`svdbjcdc" pom cfpsfbbop tvf qfpyomcfm d fp'`fmdqjop yvmsvdbgfmsf yqoyj`jop< pdajco fp tvf `vdmso gäp mvgfqopofp fb ägajso cf mfeo`jd`jðm gvbsjbdsfqdb" bd òzvmsvqd yobçsj`d tvf ~jm'`vbd d bop Fpsdcop db gogfmso cf ~osdq ~dqçd òm gäp nqf`vfm`jd" fpgäp fnçgfqd- Mo oapsdmsf fb sqdsdgjfmso cf bd ̀ vfpsjðm fm fb @ogjsê cf

cfpòbomj{d`jðm cfmsqo cf bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp49" cfafqçd gdmsfmfqpfògo vm fkfq`j`jo yfqgdmfmsf gjfmsqdp cvqf bd jmcfmj`jðm cfb ̀ omj`'so-

Pjm fgadqeo" òmsqdqjdgfmsf d bo tvf yfmpdad hd`f cjf{dôop hoz òmpjcfqo òm~fmjfmsf fxyboqdq gocfbop dbsfqmdsj~op ydqd bdpobv`jðm cf bd òmsqo~fqpjd- Nðqgvbdp sqdmpd``jomdbfp tvf dydqsämco'pf cfb `qjsfqjo qçejco cfb qfòmo`jgjfmso cf poafqdmçd jmòmcj`jomdb d

nd~oq cf bd Dqefmsjmd" onqf{`dm pobv`jomfp òm dqtvjsf`svqdp kvqçcj`dpjmsfqgfcjdp; poafqdmçd dqefmsjmd òm dqqfmcdgjfmso yoq vm ybd{o cf'sfqgjmdco db Qfjmo Vmjco" sqdmpj`jðm òm bdp cop admcfqdp cvqdmsf vmyfqçoco yqf`jpo" o ajfm pobv`jomfp kvqçcj`dp dybj`dcdp d cjpyvsdp yoq sfqqjsoqjop jmpvbdqfp cfmsqo cfb cfqf`ho cf bop sqdsdcop ̀ ogo fb ̀ dpo cfbd Jpbd Gdqsçm Edq`çd fm fb Qço cf bd Ybdsd44" fb dq`hjyjêbdeo cf P~dbadqcfm fb o`êdmo Ebd`jdb Äqsjò41 o bdp Jpbdp Dbdmc fm fb eobno cf Aosmjd40-

: Fb cjdqjo Bd Md`jðm cf Avfmop Djqfp sjsvbð fm yqjgfqd ybdmd; ‒Vm dgybjo dyozo yoq Gdb~jmdp fmbd OMV- Pf dyqoað bd qfpobv`jðm tvf yjcf mfeo`jd`jomfp fmsqf Avfmop Djqfp z Bomcqfp yoq 495~osop d nd~oq" 3 fm òmsqd z 34 dapsfm`jomfp< pf boeqð tvfaqdq fb abotvf cf bd @FF z cf bd @ogv'mjcdc Aqjsämj`d< pðbo ~osdqom fm òmsqd fb Qfjmo Vmjco" Ogäm" Afbj`f z bdp Jpbdp Pdbogðm< fmsqfbop ydçpfp tvf pf dapsv~jfqom evqd Dbfgdmjd Nfcfqdb‗- (~fq cjdqjo Bd Md`jðm- Avfmop Djqfp" kvf~fp 18 cf mo~jfgaqf cf 4:86*-49 @qfdco yoq Qfpobv`jðm cf bd Dpdgabfd Efmfqdb 4>63 (X^J*-44 Sqdsdco cfb Qço cf bd Ybdsd z pv nqfmsf gdqçsjgo (4:50*-41 Sqfdsz òm`fqmjme shf dq`hjyfbdeo on Pyjspafqefm (4:19*-40 Posjbbo cf Edbedmo" Q- ‒Dbdmc'Gdb~jmdp; cop `vbsvqdp" vmd md`jðm (Dbdmc" vm gocfbo jmpyjqdcoq ydqd osqdp jpbdp*‗- Homoqdabf Pfmdco cf bd Md`jðm - Jgyqfmsd cfb @omeqfpo cf bd Md`jðm- Avfmop Djqfp" 1994-

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Socop fpsop gocfbop cf pobv`jðm pðbo yocqäm yqopyfqdq cfmsqo cfbòmsfxso cf vmd bfmsd z sqdadkopd mfeo`jd`jðm ajbdsfqdb cjqf`sd" d bd`vdb fm dbeûm gogfmso bdp ydqsfp cfafqäm qfeqfpdq-

Njmdbgfmsf òqqfpyomcf gfm`jomdq bd ~çd kvqjpcj``jomdb" fpcf`jq" pogfsfq bd `vfpsjðm cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp dmsf bd @oqsf Jmsfqmd'`jomdb cf Kvpsj`jd- Nqfmsf d fpsd oy`jðm" tvf cf sdmso fm sdmso fp ̀ ompj'cfqdcd fm bop ̀ çq`vbop cf fpyf`jdbjpsdp" gdmsfmeo gj fp`fysj`jpgo- Fmsoco `dpo vmd cf`jpjðm cf sdb gdemjsvc cfaf pfq oakfso cf yqonvmcodmäbjpjp" sdmso cf bop afmf`jop ògo cf bop qjfpeop fm gdsfqjd cfjmsfqyqfsd`jðm kvqçcj`d z fnf`sop yobçsjòp tvf bd gjpgd òmbbf~d< socofbbo dògydôdco cf vm cfadsf md`jomdb dajfqso poaqf bop db`dm`fp cf

vmd cf`jpjðm tvf òbo`dqçd d fpsd `vfpsjðm sdm `dqd d bop jmsfqfpfp cfbd Dqefmsjmd fm vmd jmpsdm`jd cfmjsj~d-

@om qfpyf`so d bd ydqsj`jyd`jðm cf qfyqfpfmsdmsfp cf bop jp'bfôop fm bd òmsqo~fqpjd yoq bd poafqdmçd cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp" mocfafqçd bfejsjgdqpf bd ̀ omcj`jðm cf jmsfeqdmsfp cf bd òmsqdydqsf mfeo'`jdcoqd d tvjfmfp pf dsqjavzdm fpd qfyqfpfmsd`jðm- Fpso mo pobdgfmsffp ~äbjco ydqd fb ägajso cfb @ogjsê cf cfpòbomj{d`jðm fm bdp Md`jo'

mfp Vmjcdp" pjmo sdgajêm ydqd `vdbtvjfq qomcd cf mfeo`jd`jðm o`jdbv o`jopd" gvbsjbdsfqdb o ajbdsfqdb- Fb yqjm`jyjo cf dvsocfsfqgjmd`jðm cfbop yvfabop pðbo fp dybj`dabf d yvfabop dvsð`somop" qfpjcfmsfp oqjej'mdqjop d tvjfmfp fb cfqf`ho jmsfqmd`jomdb yvfcf bbfedq d osoqedq `jfqsdpvakfsj~jcdc jmsfqmd`jomdb43- Mo fp fb `dpo cf bd d`svdb yoabd`jðm cfbdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp tvf fm pvp oqçefmfp nvf jgybdmsdcd fm fpf sfqqjsoqjo

43 Oapfq~dgop tvf fm gdsfqjd d md`jgjfmso cf mvf~op Fpsdcop" bd fgdm`jyd`jðm nvf db pjebocjf`jmvf~f bo tvf bd cfpòbomj{d`jðm db pjebo ~fjmsf< êpsd ûbsjgd dbfmsdcd yoq bd ògvmjcdc jmsfq'md`jomdb oqedmj{dcd fm soqmo d bdp Md`jomfp Vmjcdp z òm fb jgyfqjo cfb yqjm`jyjo cf dvsocfsfq'gjmd`jðm cf bop yvfabop fm pv gäxjgo cfpdqqobbo- Dpjgjpgo popsfmfgop" tvf fm fb pjebo ~fjmsjvmo fb yqjm`jyjo gfm`jomdco ògjfm{d d cfpybd{dqpfcf bd defmcd cfb cfqf`ho jmsfqmd`jomdb z sjfmcf d qfcv`jq pvp db`dm`fp d bd gçmjgd fxyqfpjðm"`fcjfmco fpyd`jo ydqd fb cfpdqqobbo cf vm mvf~o yqjm`jyjo tvf cfmogjmdgop cfqf`ho d bdp dvso'

mogçdp qfejomdbfp- (^fq Gobjmdqj" D- F- ‒Bd Dqefmsjmd z fb gvmco- Dyvmsfp qfsqopyf`sj~op poaqf fbaj`fmsfmdqjo‗ Vmj~fqpjcdc @dsðbj`d Dqefmsjmd" fm yqfmpd- Avfmop Djqfp" 1949*-

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yoq fb eoajfqmo aqjsämjò ̀ ogo qfpvbsdco cf bd vpvqyd`jðm" yoq bo sdmso"ydqd bd Dqefmsjmd fb ûmjò jmsfqbo`vsoq qfòmo`jco cfaf pfq fb eoajfqmocf Bomcqfp-

Ydqdbfbdgfmsf bd Dqefmsjmd cfafqä fmòmsqdq vm mj~fb cf cjä'boeo f jmsfq`dgajo ydqd db`dm{dq bd gäp dgybjd defmcd fm pv qfbd`jðmajbdsfqdb òm fb Qfjmo Vmjco< tvf jmj`jdbgfmsf yvfcf mo jm`bvjq fb `dpoGdb~jmdp yfqo pç yqfydqdq bd dsgðpnfqd yqoyj`jd ydqd daoqcdq bd `vfp'sjðm fm fb nvsvqo- Fp fb `dgjmo jm~fqpo d bd pjsvd`jðm d`svdb comcf socdbd qfbd`jðm ajbdsfqdb òm fb Qfjmo Vmjco pf hdbbd gdb~jmj{dcd- Qfpvgfgvz ajfm fpsf òm`fyso bd pjevjfmsf fxyqfpjðm dsqjavjcd d Kvdm @dqbop

Yvebjfpf; ‒Gdb~jmdp gfqf`f noqgvbdq vmd sfpjp gocfqmd" yfmpdq fm bddmsçsfpjp z boeqdq bd pçmsfpjp- Dbbç yvfcf fpsdq fb `dgjmo‗-

Pf sqdsd cf vmd sdqfd bfmsd" pjm ybd{op z tvf sdb ~f{ ògyqo'gfsd ~dqjdp dcgjmjpsqd`jomfp evafqmdgfmsdbfp cf dgaop Fpsdcop-

Hjpsðqj`dgfmsf socdp bdp dcgjmjpsqd`jomfp evafqmdgfmsdbfpdqefmsjmdp ̀ ojm`jcfm fm fb oakfsj~o ̀ fmsqdb" fpso fp" qf`vyfqdq bdp JpbdpGdb~jmdp< db gjpgo sjfgyo" socdp cjfqfm fm fb yqo`fcjgjfmso d pfevjq

ydqd db`dm{dq cj`ho oakfsj~o- Fp jgyfqdsj~o daoqcdq fpsf jsjmfqdqjo òmvmd yobçsj`d cf fpsdco tvf fpsdabf{`d fpsqdsfejdp jmftvç~o`dp z ̀ ohf'qfmsfp cf bdqeo ybd{o ydqd oyomfq d bd ̀ omsqdydqsf" d sdb yvmso tvf êpsddc~jfqsd tvf bd yopj`jðm mfeo`jdcoqd dqefmsjmd z bop qf`vqpop ydqddb`dm{dqbd pom pjfgyqf bop gjpgop z fxyqfpdcop fm fb gjpgo somo-Fm osqdp ydbdaqdp fb `dgajo cf fpsqdsfejd mfeo`jdcoqd fm `dcd mvf~ddcgjmjpsqd`jðm tvf d``fcf db eoajfqmo dqefmsjmo" yoq pvsjb tvf nvfqf"jmfxoqdabfgfmsf cfajbjsdqä mvfpsqd yopj`jðm jmcfyfmcjfmsfgfmsf cf bdqd{ðm tvf êpsd opsfmsf- Fm fpf fp`fmdqjo fb Qfjmo Vmjco pdaf kvedq

pv gfkoq kvfeo-

Bo fxyqfpdco fm fb yäqqdno dmsfqjoq" sqdcv`f bd fxyfqjfm`jdyfqpomdb qfòejcd sqdp hdafq ydqsj`jydco sdmso fm bd mfeo`jd`jðm gvb'sjbdsfqdb ̀ ogo mfeo`jd`jðm ajbdsfqdb cjqf`sd ̀ om fb Qfjmo Vmjco" qfbdsj~d

db fpsdabf`jgjfmso cf bd pfcf cf bd pf`qfsdqçd cfb Sqdsdco Dmsäqsjò fmAvfmop Djqfp- @ohfqfm`jd z qgf{d cvqdmsf dôop fm bd yopj`jðm mfeo'`jdcoqd" nvfqom bdp bbd~fp tvf mop yfqgjsjfqom qf~fqsjq fb ~fso aqjsämjò

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db onqf`jgjfmso dqefmsjmo ydqd pfq fb Fpsdco dmsqjðm cf fpd jmnqdfp'sqv`svqd dcgjmjpsqdsj~d jmsfqmd`jomdb46-

46 Gobjmdqj" D- F- ‒Vmd pfcf ydqd fb Sqdsdco Dmsäqsjò‗- Cjdqjo Bd Md`jðm- Avfmop Djqfp" gjêqòbfp18 cf kvmjo cf 1999-

Dmefb Fqmfpso Gobjmdqj ; Daoedco- Co`soq fm @jfm`jdp Kvqçcj`dp- Yqonf'

poq Sjsvbdq cf Cfqf`ho Jmsfqmd`jomdb (Vmj~fqpjcdc @dsðbj`d Dqefmsjmd*-

Cjqf`soq cfb @ogjsê cf Fpsvcjop Dmsäqsjòp cfb @ompfko Dqefmsjmo ydqd

bdp Qfbd`jomfp Jmsfqmd`jomdbfp (@DQJ*- Fx Cjqf`soq Md`jomdb cfb Dmsäq'

sjò-

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Fb gdyd efoyobçsjò eboadbj{dco fpsä fm devcd qfògyopj'`jðm- @om~vbpjomd d gv`hop fpsdcop fm avp`d cf gfkoq yopj`jomdq'pf fm fb òmnvpo qfydqso cf fpnfqdp cf yocfq f jmvfm`jd ògfq`jdb-Mo hdz ydçp sosdbgfmsf dvsðmogo" fp cf`jq" tvf sfmed `vdmso yqf`jpdydqd ~j~jq z cfpdqqobbdqpf- Fpso oabjed d dbjdm{dp òm ydçpfp fgfqefm'

sfp ògo yqo~ffcoqfp" comcf bdp jcfoboeçdp pf fxjajbj{dm dmsf bdpqfdbjcdcfp jgyfqdmsfp-

Bdp eqdmcfp md`jomfp jmcvpsqjdbj{dcdp cfb ~jfko gvmco tvfjmsfeqdm fb E 5 (Dbfgdmjd" Nqdm`jd" Eqdm Aqfsdôd f Jsdbjd*" ògo fbqfpso cf bop fpsdcop fvqoyfop" ydqd gdmsfmfq pvp gdmvnd`svqdp mo

`vfmsdm ̀ om gdsfqjdp yqjgdp yqoyjdp pv`jfmsfp mj sdgyoò bop ~jsdbfpqf`vqpop fmfqeêsjòp oabjedcop d jgyoqsdq- Fpd cfyfmcfm`jd" mo aqjm'cd bd pfevqjcdc mf`fpdqjd db ~jfko gvmco ydqd cfpdqqobbdqpf z ̀ ogyfsjq fm bop gfq`dcop jmsfqmd`jomdbfp- Fm fpsf gdqò" sdgyoò pom sosdb'gfmsf dvsðmogdp bdp osqdp md`jomfp cfb E 5" ògo Fpsdcop Vmjcop"

Kdyðm z @dmdcä z Kdyðm" fpsf òm 49 dôop cf `qjpjp jmpvyfqdcd

Gjfmsqdp" dvgfmsd fb yfpo cf osqo fmsf cf qf`jfmsf òmpsjsv'`jðm" fb bbdgdco AQJ@ (Aqdpjb" Qvpjd" Jmcjd z @hjmd*" tvf qfûmf d 3 cfbop gdzoqfp ydçpfp fgfqefmsfp tvf cjpyomfm cf bop fbfgfmsop fpfm'

@qjpjp gvmcjdb z Gdb~jmdp

Bd cjpyvsd yoq hfefgomçdp jmsfqmd`jomdbfpnd`jbjsd tvf bd Dqefmsjmd qf`vyfqfjmj`jdsj~dp dmsjòbomjdbjpsdp

Fmqjtvf Obj~d

9>/XJJ/98

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GDB^JMDP

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`jdbfp ydqd bop jmcvpsqjdbj{dcop- Fpsf `vdqsfso" db tvf bd Dqefmsjmd moo`vbsd pvp cfpfop cf jmeqfpdq" fp ~jpso òm sdmsd o gdzoq qfbf~dm`jdz nvsvqo tvf fb E 5" comcf pf gdmsjfmf d bd Nfcfqd`jðm Qvpd ògogjfgaqo yfqo mo cf ybfmo cfqf`ho- Sdb cjp`qjgjmd`jðm" hd`f tvf Gop'`û yqffqd jm`bjmdqpf db AQJ@" yoq yopffq 1->16 gjbbomfp cf bop >-999

gjbbomfp cf hdajsdmsfp cfb eboao" òm vmd pvyfq`jf cf 08-0>4-091L1" òm 0 cf fbbop fmsqf bop 6 ydçpfp gäp fxsfmpop" z 0 pom yosfm`jdpmv`bfdqfp-

Bdp dgaj`jomfp cfb AQJ@ ~dm gäp bfkop- Vmd yûabj`d jmj`jdsj'~d cf Qvpjd yqoyomf òmpsjsvjq vm oqedmjpgo cf ydçpfp fxyoqsdcoqfp

cf edp" pjgjbdq d bd yfsqobfqd OYFY-

@qf`f bd qfafbcçd yd`çn`d bdsjmodgfqj`dmd

Vm `qf`jfmsf mûgfqo cf ydçpfp cf @fmsqodgêqj`d" @dqjaf z

Pvcdgêqj`d pf ~d cfpyqfmcjfmco dajfqsdgfmsf cf ~jfkdp dsdcvqdp dbd hfefgomçd moqsfdgfqj`dmd- Bd sfmcfm`jd ydqf`f jm`qfgfmsdqpf yoq

fb d``jomdq cf yosfm`jdp ògo @hjmd" Qvpjd z bd Jmcjd" jm~jqsjfmco fmbjaqf ògyfsfm`jd z dbfmsdmco d pv ~f{ qfafbcçdp òmsdejopdp- @opsdQj`d qogyjð ̀ om Sdjuäm bd jpbd pfydqdsjpsd qfòmo`jêmcobd ̀ ogo ydqsfcf @hjm- Fb 8/XJJ/9:" Qdndfb @oqqfd pf dsqf~jð d fxyvbpdq cf F`vdcoq d Qfypob z d yfcjcop cfb eoajfqmo z cfb Qfz cf Fpydôd" qf`jajð fmTvjso d fm~jdcop cf bd fgyqfpd d mfeo`jdq- Cf bdp ̀ oqsdp sqdsdsj~dp" bdgvbsjmd`jomdb d`fysð ‒socdp bdp òmcj`jomfp‗ fxjejcdp ydqd tvfcdqpf-

^dbjfmsfp ‒qfafbcçdp‗ fmnqfmsdqom dgfmd{dp cf pdm`jomfp-Fm yo`dp pfgdmdp" eoajfqmop yoyvbdqfp z md`jomdbjpsdp ~jefmsfp fm^fmf{vfbd" F`vdcoq z Aobj~jd" mo òqqfm qjfpeop cf jmsfq~fm`jomfpgjbjsdqfp zdmtvjp ydqd jgyomfq cj`sdcoqfp cð`jbfp" vmd òpsvgaqf d

ob~jcdq yoq ydqsf cfb jgyfqjdbjpgo- Fm fpf dpyf`so pf hd afmf`jdcosdgajêm @vad- Vmd òm`jfm`jd poafqdmd hd cfpyfqsdco- Pf mfeo`jdmdqgdp cf soco sjyo" fmfqeçd mv`bfdq òm mfp yd`çòp" dpsjbbfqop ydqd

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òmpsqvjq pvyfq adqòp yfsqobfqop" vmd näaqj`d cf hfbj`ðysfqop f jmpsd'bd`jðm cf ~dqjdcdp jmcvpsqjdp-

Gdb~jmdp z bd sfoqçd cfb ‒oko yoq oko‗

Bop dqefmsjmop cfafgop cdqmop vmd yobçsj`d `bdqd z cjmägj`dpoaqf Gdb~jmdp" Dmsäqsjcd f jpbdp cfb Dsbämsjò Pvq " fxjejfmco dcoy'sdq gfcjcdp tvf yfqgjsdm qfòaqdq bd jmj`jdsj~d dhoqd fm gdmop cfJmebdsfqqd- Mo cfafm òmsjmvdq bdp yqfpfmsd`jomfp cf mosdp" yqosfp'

sdp bboqomdp" d ̀ dcd d~dm`f aqjsämjò tvf yqä`sj`dgfmsf mo qfyfq`vsfmmj yqogvf~fm dchfpjomfp fm fb fxsfqjoq- Gdmcdq cfbfed`jomfp d bdMd`jomfp Vmjcdp" bd OFD v osqop noqop jmsfqmd`jomdbfp cogjmdcopcfpcf o`jmdp cfb Cfydqsdgfmso cf Fpsdco fp sjfgyo z cjmfqo gdb'edpsdco- Fb òbomjdbjpgo fp jgyoyvbdq hdpsd fm yvfabop cf ydçpfp ò'bomjdbjpsdp" yvfp bd fxybosd`jðm cf bop pokv{edcop fp pobo sdqfd ocjopdcf bdp gvbsjmd`jomdbfp-

Ydqd pdbjq cf fpd ydqäbjpjp" cfafm jgdejmdqpf yqoeqdgdp tvfbbfevfm d mvfpsqo yvfabo z osqdp md`jomfp hfqgdmdp fxjejfmco qfd'bjcdcfp dmsjòbomjdbjpsd- D `dcd ydçp tvf yjcd ~jpd ydqd fmsqdq d pvsfqqjsoqjo" `daqä jgyomfq qf`jyqo`jcdc" ògo hd`f Aqdpjb z Aobj~jd-

Fb cjdqjo òmpfq~dcoq gdcqjbfôo DA@ cfb bvmfp 0 cf cj`jfg'aqf 1998" adpämcopf fm oyjmjomfp z fb d``jomdq cfb yqjgfq gjmjpsqoqvpo ^bdcjgjq Yvsjm" z pv sfoqçd cfb ‒oko yoq oko‗ fm yobçsj`d jmsfqmd'`jomdb" cf`çd; ‒Pj Udphjmesom dyvmsdbd d Gjkdjb Pddldph~jbj fm Efoq'ejd" Gop`û hd`f bo gjpgo òm fb `dpsqjpgo z òm @hä~f{- Pj FFVV

~fmcf dqgdp fm fb @äv`dpo" Qvpjd bo hd`f fm Jafqodgêqj`d- Pj bdOSDM fm~çd pvp adqòp db Gdq Mfeqo" bd Dqgdcd qvpd bop sjfmf zd fmfb @dqjaf- Pj Udphjmesom yqfsfmcf ̀ obo`dq gjpjbfp fm Yobomjd" Qvpjd yocqçd jmpsdbdqbop osqd ~f{ fm @vad" ògo zd hj{o fm 4:>1" `vdmco fbgvmco fpsv~o db aoqcf cf vmd hf`dsogaf mv`bfdq‗

¿Yocfgop jmdc~fqsjq fm fpsop oyfqdsj~op pjgjbjsvc z pjgvbsd'mfjcdc fm fb yqo`fcfq `hjmo'qvpo? ¿O mo òjm`jcjfqom fm fb sjfgyo z

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GDB^JMDP

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`dpj ybfmdgfmsf fm pvp cfpybd{dgjfmsop fm Bdsjmodgêqj`d bop yqfpj'cfmsfp Ho Kjmsdo z Cjgjsqj Gfc~fcf~?

Gdb~jmdp z bd cfpòbomj{d`jðm

@vdmco Fpydôd pf qfmcçd òm bd hvgjbbdmsf yvfpsd cf qo'cjbbdp cf pv qfz dmsf fb jm~dpoq Mdyobfðm" bop yvfabop cfb òmsjmfmsf~jfqom bd yopjajbjcdc cf ybdmsfdqpf bd jmcfyfmcfm`jd- Zd bop ydsqjosdpfqdm òm`jfmsfp cf pv `dyd`jcdc ydqd eoafqmdqpf z cfnfmcfqpf pjm

bd cfyfmcfm`jd hjpydmd- Bo cfgopsqdqom qf`hd{dmco cop jm~dpjomfpJmebfpdp" `vdmco bd poafqajd fp`vdcqd qfdb jmebfpd avp`dad dpfmsdq'pf fm Avfmop Djqfp" daqjêmcopf dpç fb `dgjmo hd`jd fb oqo v ybdsd cfbDbso Yfqû-

Fm bd pjsvd`jðm jmsfqmd`jomdb d`svdb" fm tvf fb jgyfqjdbjpgo

zdmtvj pf hd cfajbjsdco z cfpyqfpsjejdco òm fb pdtvfo jmsfqmd`jomdbyoq bdp gddp mdm`jfqdp" sdgajêm hd `dçco pv pfevjcoq" po`jo gfmoq

z `ðgybj`f jmebêp- Fb ‒Qfjmo Vmjco‗" sdgajêm sfgabdqä òm fb dvefcf pv cf`dcfm`jd yoq go~jgjfmsop dvsomogjpsdp jmsfqmop" fm Edbfpz Fpò`jd- Bd ûbsjgd zd òm bjefqd gdzoqçd z dgadp òm ~jfkop z mopvyfqdcop ̀ omj`sop cjmäpsjòp z ̀ qvfmsdp yfqpf`v`jomfp qfbjejopdp- Zmj tvê cf`jq cf bd qfafbcf Jqbdmcd-

Fpo cf ‒yêqncd dbajom‗ fp vm sçsvbo ajfm edmdco- Fb JgyfqjoAqjsämjò d`vôð vmd nqdpf òmpjemd ydqd tvf pvp defmsfp òbomjdbfpmo ydcf`jfqdm qfyqo`hfp cf òm`jfm`jd yoq bdp yfq~fqpjcdcfp d`vgv'bdcdp fm pv poafqajo cogjmjo jmsfqmd`jomdb yoq sdmsop dôop- Ydqd fbbo

pf cf`çdm; ‒`jfqqd bop okop z yjfmpd fm Jmebdsfqqd‗-Sdgajêm qfyf'sçdm; ‒comcf ~dzdp" yom vm cfco fm fb devd z" pj fp pdbdcd" fp jmebfpd‗-Cfafm fxjpsjq gvz yoòp yvfabop cf bd sjfqqd comcf mo evdqcfm vmdnd`svqd cf pdmeqf òm oqjefm yjqdsd cf fpf ydçp- Boqc Phd`lbfsom" fmqfyoqsdkf fm Bomcqfp db ògfm{dq bd Evfqqd cf Gdb~jmdp cf`çd; ‒bopdqefmsjmop qfyjsfm ògo vm jmpvbso fb `dbj`dqmop cf yjqdsdp" `vdmco

ydqd vm jmebêp fpf sêqgjmo fp òmpjcfqdco fboejopo- Fp ògo dtvç pf

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65

pvyomf onfmcfq d bop dqefmsjmop sqdsämcobop cf edv`hop fm bop gf'cjop‗" deqfeð- Boqc Phd`lbfsom pf cf`bdqdad òmsqdqjo db fm~ço cf bdosd db Dsbämsjò Pvq" z ydqsjcdqjo cf ~ob~fq d bdp mfeo`jd`jomfp- @vdm'co gfm`jomdad d bdp jpbdp bdp bbdgdad Gdb~jmdp z mo òm fb mogaqfòbomjdb-

Afmf`jdqjop cfb òbomjdbjpgo" ~jpsop hoz fm nqdm`d cf`dcfm'`jd" mo kvedqäm vm ydyfb cfpsd`dco fm bop qfdògocdgjfmsop gvm'cjdbfp fm bd d`svdb `qjpjp- Mo pfqä yopjabf gdmsfmfq ~jefmsf bdp yopf'pjomfp cf ‒vbsqdgdq‗" o ‒sfqqjsoqjop fpyf`jdbfp‗ ògo bo bbdgdadm bopyqozf`sop cf òmpsjsv`jðm cf bd Vmjðm Fvqoyfd" ybdedcop cf gdo'pop ‒ydqdçpop np`dbfp‗- Fm mo~jfgaqf 1998" Eqofmbdmcjd cf`jcjð fm

fbf``jomfp fb cfqf`ho d daqjqpf `dgjmo jmcfyfmcjfmsf" ydqd cfkdq bdpvgjpjðm ̀ obomjdb cf Cjmdgdq`d z bd Vmjðm Fvqoyfd- @om pobo 65-999hdajsdmsfp" ~osdqom yoq fb pj fb 56 & z fb 10"65 fm òmsqd-

Fb gdqsfp 3 cf cj`jfgaqf 1998 nvf hjpsðqjò- Efoqef Avph qfòmo`jð fpf cçd yoq S^ pv fqqoq db òmdq fm ndbpdp dqgd`jomfpcf bop pfq~j`jop cf jmsfbjefm`jd dpfevqämcobf tvf Pdccdm Hvppfjm yopfçd dqgdp cf cfpsqv``jðm gdpj~d (yo`dp pfgdmdp dmsfp" fb yqjgfq

gjmjpsqo jmebêp Eoqcom Aqoum z pv dmsf`fpoq Somz Abdjq qfdqgdadmbd fxjpsfm`jd cf fpdp dqgdp fm gdmop cfb jqqfevbdqgfmsf dhoq`dcoHvppfjm*- @om bd cqdgäsj`d òmnfpjðm cf Avph" d goco cf cjp`vbyd¿dbevjfm pvyomf tvf bd hjpsoqjd pjbfm`jf fb efmo`jcjo z cfpsqv``jðm cfvm yvfabo comcf sv~o oqjefm bd `j~jbj{d`jðm? Dpjgjpgo Avph" qfqjêm'copf db nqd`dpo cf pv yobçsj`d jmgjeqdsoqjd qfyqfpj~d" dcgjsjð; ‒`qfoqgfgfmsf tvf fpf cfadsf mo gopsqð qfdbgfmsf bd mdsvqdbf{d cf Fp'sdcop Vmjcop ògo vmd po`jfcdc dòefcoqd‗-

Fm m" ògo mdcd pfqä jevdb fm fb sqdmp`vqpo z cfpyvêp cffpsd `qjpjp" fb òbomjdbjpgo sdgajêm goqjqä cf hdafq vmd go~jbj{d`jðmòmpsdmsf- Dqefmsjmd" fmdqaobdmco bd admcfqd cf Gdb~jmdp òm pvp>3: kð~fmfp `dçcop fm sjfqqdp z devdp ydsqjdp" cfaf jgdejmdq yobçsj`dpfm pobjcdqjcdc ̀ om osqop yvfabop hfqgdmop cfb ̀ omsjmfmsf z cfb gvmcotvf pvnqfm fb pogfsjgjfmso òbomjdb- Mdcd cf yopsfqedq fpsd bv`hd fmsocop bop qjmòmfp cf bd Ydsqjd Eqdmcf jmòm`bvpd- Bd qfdbjcdc jmsfqmd'

`jomdb" pjm `vòp" aqjmcd bd eqdm oyoqsvmjcdc-

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GDB^JMDP

68

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

6:

Fpsd mosd jmsfmsd bbdgdq bd dsfm`jðm cf bd ̀ jvcdcdmçd fm efmf'qdb" poaqf bdp ûbsjgdp mo~fcdcfp fm fb yqo`fcfq cf Eqdm Aqfsdôd dmsffb `dpo Ejaqdbsdq yoq pvp pjgjbjsvcfp yfq~fqpdp òm fb sfgd cf mvfp'sqdp Gdb~jmdp- Bd pjsvd`jðm d`svdb dòmpfkd gosoqj{dq d``jomfp òm'

kvmsdp fpsqdsêej`dp ̀ om `vdmsop yvfabop ydcf`fm cogjmjop òbomjdbfp-Dqefmsjmd z bd Vmjðm Pvqdgfqj`dmd cfafm bv`hdq fm fpyf`jdb yoq bdcfpòbomj{d`jðm cfb pvaòmsjmfmsf jm`bvzfmco d bd bbdgdcd EvdzdmdNqdm`fpd- Fb sfgd gfqf`f ògfm{dq d qffxjomdq fm ògûm òm vmdajfqso cfadsf ydqd qfsogdq bd jmj`jdsj~d z yomfq fm gdq`hd yobçsj`dpd`sj~dp-

Ejaqdbsdq òm gäp cf sqfp pjebop ògo òbomjd

Fm fb 1993 fb ̀ obomjdbjpgo cf bdp gvbsjmd`jomdbfp" jm~fmsdco z

fxybosdco yoq fb Jgyfqjo Aqjsämjò" ̀ fbfaqð ̀ om aogaop" ybdsjbbop z yj'sop ̀ dsdbdmfp" fb sqj`fmsfmdqjo cf pv dyocfqdgjfmso cf bd yfmçmpvbd cf

Ejaqdbsdq fb 13 cf kvbjo cf 4593- Fb oyfqdsj~o pf qfdbj{ð dyqo~f`hdmco

Gdb~jmdp z Ejaqdbsdq dmsf fb òbomjdbjpgo cf bdp gvbsjmd`jomdbfp

Fmqjtvf Obj~d

09/J/9:

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

>9

tvf Fpydôd fpsdad pvgfqejcd fm vmd nfqo{ Evfqqd cf Pv`fpjðm go'

mäqtvj`d (4594'4543*- Bd sogd d pdmeqf z nvfeo nvf ̀ om`qfsdcd yoq fb

dbgjqdmsf pjq Efoqef Qoolf" db nqfmsf cf vmd osd ̀ om 1-199 hogaqfp"

bvfeo cf ~fm`fq d bop 59 fpydôobfp cfnfmpoqfp cf bd noqsdbf{d" yqf~jo`dôomfo cfpcf fb gdq-

Bop nvfeop dqsj`jdbfp z `dôomd{op cf kûajbo cf bop nfpsfkop

cfb 1993" nvfqom yqfpfm`jdcop z fp`v`hdcop fm cjqf`so cfpcf gv`hop

yvfabop dmcdbv`fp ̀ opsfqop z yoq sfbf~jpjðm yoq fb qfpso cf bop jmcjemd'

cop fpydôobfp" yvfp Fb Yfôðm" o Bd Qo`d" mo fp vmd jpbd pfydqdcd

cf Fvqoyd" pjmo vmd yqobomed`jðm cfb sfqqjsoqjo hjpydmo" hd`jfm'

co hoz cf nqomsfqd vmd òtvfsd z hvgjbbdmsf ~fqkd-Dmsfp cf @qjpso" fpsv~jfqom dbbç bop nfmj`jop z cfpyvêp bop `dq'

sdejmfpfp- Bop eqjfeop dqqjadqom bbdgämcobo @dbyf" ògo vmd cf bdp

òbvgmdp cf Hfq`vbfp" gdq`dmco fb m cfb gvmco hdpsd fmsom`fp

òmo`jco-

Cfpcf dmsfp cfb Pjebo J z yqjm`jyjop cf mvfpsqd fqd" zd co'

gjmdad Qogd fm Fb Yfôðm" nvmcdmco bd òbomjd Kvbjd @dbyf- Bf pj'

evjfqom cfpyvêp bop äqdafp- @om fb ògjfm{o cf bd fxyvbpjðm cf bopgoqop" Fpydôd qf`vyfqd d Ejaqdbsdq fm 43>1-

Sfqgjmdcd bd Evfqqd cf Pv`fpjðm z bd òmpf`vfmsf yêqcjcd

cf pv jgyfqjo fpydôob fvqoyfo" pf qfydqsfm pvp cfpyokop bop mvf~op

òmtvjpsdcoqfp cfb ~jfko gvmco- Fb 40 cf kvbjo cf 4540 pf qgd bd `d'

yjsvbd`jðm (o pfd vmd qfmcj`jðm* yoq gfcjo cfb gdb bbdgdco Sqdsdco

cf Vsqf`h (mogaqf cf bd yqo~jm`jd hobdmcfpd comcf sv~o jmj`jo*- Fb

co`vgfmso nvf jgyvfpso yoq Nqdm`jd" Jmebdsfqqd z Hobdmcd z bd oabj'edcd d`fysd`jðm cf Fpydôd- Fpsd ûbsjgd pobo edmð fb qfòmo`jgjfmso

cf bd òqomd hjpydmd ydqd Nfbjyf ^ cf Dmkov- Sdgajêm hvajfqom ~d'

qjop afmf`jdqjop cf fpf ‒sqdsdco‗- Fmsqf fbbop" d Dvpsqjd pf bf qfòmo'

`f poafqdmçd poaqf fb Gjbdmfpdco" Mäyobfp" Sop`d{d z @fqcfôd-

Fb Cvtvf cf Pd~ozd pf tvfcd òm Pj`jbjd- Yqvpjd oasjfmf fb Dbso

Eòfbcqfp- Yoqsvedb boeqð bd @obomjd cf Pd`qdgfmso" òm gv`hdp

qfyfq`vpjomfp fm Pvqdgêqj`d-

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GDB^JMDP

>4

Bd òqomd jmebfpd dyqo~f`hd ydqd hd`fqpf qfòmo`fq ògo

pvzd d Gfmoq`d" tvf ~ob~fqçd d Fpydôd fm 4891- Yfqo sdgajêm ‒bfed'

bj{d‗ pv ~jobfmsd òmtvjpsd cf Ejaqdbsdq" tvf qf`jaf ògo adpf gjbjsdq

pvkfsd d cj~fqpop òmcj`jomdgjfmsop bjgjsdsj~op cf pv sfmfm`jd" pjm cf'qf`hop poafqdmop mj fm `dbjcdc cf òbomjd- Cf dbbç mo pf hdm go~jcohdpsd hoz" d yfpdq cf sqfp jmsfmsop ndbbjcop fpydôobfp yoq qf`vyfqdqbo"qfdbj{dcop fm 4515" 451: z 4580- Ejaqdbsdq" oqjejmdqjdgfmsf cf pobo 0L1" dhoqd (199:* sjfmf gäp cf >"6 L1- Vmd bdqed bjpsd cf òm`fpjomfp

z cf dqajsqdqjop ‒hf`hop òmpvgdcop‗ hdm yfqgjsjco bdp dgybjd`jomfp

fm fpyd`jop z ‒cfqf`hop‗" pjm jmsfqqvy`jðm-

¿Hvao vmd yobçsj`d dmsjòbomjdb fpydôobd?

Bd yobçsj`d gäp qgf yoq bd qf`vyfqd`jðm cfb Yfôðm" pf qf'

òmo`f dhoqd" pf qfejpsqð cfpyvêp cf bd Pfevmcd Evfqqd Gvmcjdb

cvqdmsf fb eoajfqmo nqdmtvjpsd" `vdmco pf jgybfgfmsdqom socd `bdpfcf bjgjsd`jomfp hdpsd bbfedq d `fqqdqbf bd ~fqkd jgyjcjêmcobf bd ògvmj'

`d`jðm òm sjfqqd fpydôobd- Pf yqj~ð d bd òbomjd fb vpo cf bdp devdp

sfqqjsoqjdbfp z pf yqohjajð d bop jmebfpfp poaqf~obdq fb fpyd`jo dêqfo

fpydôob" jmcjpyfmpdabf ydqd bdp gdmjoaqdp cf cfpyfevfp z dsfqqj{dkfp

cf d~jomfp- Dpç pf yfqsvqað bd bbfedcd cf svqjpsdp z cf dyqo~jpjomdgjfm'

sop jgyoqsdmsfp ydqd pv popsfmjgjfmso z ògfq`jo- Sdbfp cjpyopj`jomfp

fpsv~jfqom d yvmso cf oabjedq mfeo`jdq pfqjdgfmsf bd poafqdmçd- Gdp

soco pf ~ob~jð dsqäp fm bop pv`fpj~op eoajfqmop cf j{tvjfqcd z cfqf'

`hd tvf dmvbdqom bdp cjpyopj`jomfp dybj`dcdp yoq Gdcqjc z fm `dgajo

bfp dòqcdqom soco `vdmso yjcjfqom bop aqjsämjòp z dvm sobfqdqom fm

pjbfm`jo ~jobd`jomfp d bd poafqdmçd hjpydmd pjm dvsoqj{d`jðm- Sdmso pf

fx`fcjfqom bop jmebfpfp tvf dadq`dmco osqop `dgyop ògo bdp fpyf'

`vbd`jomfp mdm`jfqdp" fb bd~dco cf cjmfqo" fb òmsqdadmco (hdpsd cf

cqoedp* z fb sqäò cf yfqpomdp- Hoz sjfmfm yvfqso bjaqf ydqd ydpdq d

Fpydôd gfq`dcfqçdp d yqf`jop cjnç`jbfp cf ògyfsjq" cf yqocv`sop mo

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GDB^JMDP

>1

pobo aqjsämjòp pjmo cf yqo`fcfm`jd cf ydçpfp cj~fqpop yoq bd fx`fy'`jðm cf jgyvfpsop-

Ejaqdbsdq ògo ydqdçpo np`db

Ejaqdbsdq qfejpsqd `fq`d cf 69-999 po`jfcdcfp cf ndmsdpçd"ûsjbfp ydqd mfeo`jop gdopop" d yfpdq cf tvf bd Vmjðm Fvqoyfd dq 'gf ògadsjqbdp z hdpsd hd fcjsdco vmd bjpsd mfeqd cf bdp gjpgdp- Dtvê fxsqfgop hdaqäm bbfedco tvf bd kvpsj`jd cf Mvf~d Zoql fpsä jm'

~fpsjedmco fm fpsop gogfmsop d qgdp ndbpdgfmsf tvfaqdcdp yoq gdmfkop cf nomcop jbç`jsop vsjbj{dmco d Bd Qo`d- Dmsf fp`ämcdbop jmo'`vbsdabfp z ògyqogfsjfmco `vdmsjopop gomsop" fb eoajfqmo dbfgäm"òm yqvfadp d bd ~jpsd cf gdmfkop mdm`jfqop nqdvcvbfmsop cf admòphfb~êsjòp tvf bd dnf`sdqom" fpsä fxjejfmco pf jm`bvzd d Pvj{d fm bd bjp'sd mfeqd cf ydqdçpop p`dbfp fm ̀ ogybj`jcdc ̀ om osqop pjsjop pjgjbdqfp"pjm cfp`dqsdq Ejaqdbsdq- Bop yqjm`jydbfp qfcv`sop gdopop fm Fvqoyd zfb gvmco" fpsäm cogjmdcop yoq Pvj{d" Eqdm Aqfsdôd z Nqdm`jd-

Zd mo fp vm pf`qfso ydqd mdcjf tvf Pvj{d `dysð `dyjsdbfp zajfmfp yqo`fcfmsfp cf kvcçop z osqop yfqpfevjcop yoq bop md{jp z dbcfpdydqf`fq êpsop" pf tvfcdqom òm socop fpop ~dboqfp- Yfqo dmsfyqvfadp jqqfnvsdabfp cfb `qjgjmdb yqo`fcfq cfajfqom yd`sdq jmcfgmj{d'`jomfp gvbsjgjbbomdqjdp d fpsdndcop o pvp hfqfcfqop- Bo tvf mo hdtvfcdco ajfm fm `bdqo fp fb cfpsjmo cdco yoq bop mdm`jpsdp pvj{op dbop cjmfqop" kozdp z ajfmfp tvf kfqdq`dp md{jp yvpjfqom fm pvp gdmopz mo yvcjfqom cfpyvêp qf`vyfqdqbop-

Gäp d~dm`fp òbomjdbjpsdp poaqf Ejaqdbsdq

Bop òbomjdbjpsdp mo ydqdqom dbbç pvp gdmjoaqdp z nvfqom bo'eqdmco tvf pf bfp yfqgjsjfqd vpdq sjfqqd z fpyd`jo dêqfo ydqd ̀ ompsqvjq vm dfqoyvfqso ydqd eqdmcfp d~jomfp z dsqdfq db svqjpgo dhoqd vmd jg'

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GDB^JMDP

>0

yoqsdmsf nvfmsf cf jmeqfpop- Yoq bdp pvzdp" cf`bdqdqom ̀ ogo devdp sf'qqjsoqjdbfp bdp dczd`fm`jdp cfb yvfqso cf Ejaqdbsdq " yfqo ògo fpsf fpjmpv`jfmsf ydqd fb eqdm go~jgjfmso cf md~fp" vsjbj{dm pjm yqoabfgdpbop yvfqsop fpydôobfp `fq`dmop ydqd dsqd`dq bop adqòp tvf ~jfmfm d

sqdfq gfq`dcfqçd o bbf~äqpfbdp ydqd bd qffxyoqsd`jðmBdp ûbsjgdp d``jomfp deqfpj~dp ̀ obomjdbfp hdm pjco cfmvm`jd'

cdp yoq dvsoqjcdcfp dmcdbv{dp" yvfp bd jmcjnfqfm`jd cf Gdcqjc òbgd'qom yd`jfm`jdp z fpsäm cjnvmcjfmco cfsdbbfp z yqvfadp cf osqop davpopcfpcf Ejaqdbsdq -

Fm cjdqjo DA@" ~jfmf o`vyämcopf cf bdp tvfkdp yûabj`dp yoq fb qfbbfmo òm sjfqqd ògyqdcd fm yvfabop òpsfqop fpydôobfp ydqdedmdq sfqqfmo db gdq ¤db gdq fpydôob$ fm pvp qj~fqdp- Fp cf`jq" pd`dmcosjfqqdp cf Dmcdbv`çd z ̀ obo`ämcobdp fm devdp fpydôobdp ydqd hd`fqbdpejaqdbsfôdp-

‒Fb eoajfqmo fpydôob yfqgjsf tvf Ejaqdbsdq ̀ qf{`d d òpsdcf bdp devdp sfqqjsoqjdbfp fpydôobdp‗ sjsvbd vmd mosd cf DA@ cfb 48cf fpsf fmfqo fm `vqpo- Z cj`f; ‒Cfpcf hd`f cê`dcdp" bdp dvsoqjcdcfpcf Ejaqdbsdq mo hdm ̀ fkdco fm pv fgyfôo cf edmdq sfqqfmo db gdq ydqdfxydmcjq db jpsgo" d adpf cf pv`fpj~op qfbbfmop òm äqjcop dctvjqjcopfm Fpydôd- @ogybfkop svqçpsjòp hdajsd`jomdbfp z cf o`jo z bd dgybjd'`jðm cf bd sfqgjmdb cfb dfqoyvfqso pom bdp yfmûbsjgdp d`svd`jomfp tvfpf fpsäm fkf`vsdmco fm Bd Qo`d dmsf bd jmoyfqdm`jd cfb fkf`vsj~o tvfyqfpjcf Kopê Bvjp Qocqçevf{ [dydsfqo- Fb ydqbdgfmsdqjo md`jomdb cfbYY yoq @äcj{ Kopê Jemd`jo Bdmcdbv`f sdgyoò qfmvm`jd d cfmvm'`jdq vmd pjsvd`jðm tvf òmpjcfqd fp`dmcdbopd‗-

‒Fb jpsgo oqjejmdb ‐pfeûm fb `jsdco bfejpbdcoq‐ cfmsqo cf yoò"sfmcqä fb coabf cfb sdgdôo- Yqjgfqo mop qoadqom fb Yfôðm z dhoqdmop fpsäm ~ob~jfmco d qoadq… fb fkf`vsj~o hd sqdpgjsjco d Bomcqfp pvqf`hd{o yoq cj`hop sqdadkop- Bo `jfqso fp tvf fpsop pjevfm dcfbdmsf‗-

Oyjmjomfp cf dqefmsjmop qfpjcfmsfp fm Fpydôd

Vm dqefmsjmo qfpjcfmsf fm Gäbded oyjmd tvf" ‒fm gdsfqjd cf

òbomjdbjpgo" Fpydôd sjfmf yoò ydqd oyjmdq gjfmsqdp gdmsfmed d

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GDB^JMDP

>3

@fvsd z Gfbjbbd" pvp ̀ obomjdp fm fb Moqsf cf Änqj`d" qf`bdgdcdp ̀ ogopvzdp yoq fb Qfjmo cf Gdqqvfòp- Yfqo" ‘`dbd~fqd mo `hjbbd‚‗-

Osqo `qjobbo òm coabf md`jomdbjcdc" qfyqo`hd ‒fb pjbfm`jo fm

fpsop gogfmsop cf Qocqçevf{ [dydsfqo‗- Bo dsqjavzf d ‒pv cfpfp'yfqd`jðm yoq òmpfevjq vmd pjbbd fm bd @vgaqf cfb E19 d qfvmjqpf fmBomcqfp fm bop yqjgfqop cçdp cf daqjb" comcf pf cjp`vsjqäm bop `dg'ajop" mdcd gäp tvf `jfqsop `dgajop òpgêsjòp" ydqd qfpv`jsdq òmgäp ‘pdb~dsdkfp‚ fb gdopo pjpsfgd mdm`jfqo jmsfqmd`jomdb cf fpyf`v'bd`jðm z fpsdndp" d ydedq yoq bop òmsqjavzfmsfp zdmtvjp z cfb qfpso cfbgvmco- Dbbç dpjpsjqä Adqd`l Oadgd" òm tvjfm dmhfbd nosoeqddqpf‗-

Db qfpyf`so" dôdcf ‒ògfmsdqjop cfb Yqjgfq Gjmjpsqo jmebêp EoqcomAqoum" dcv`jfmco tvf bd nðqgvbd cf vmd pjbbd yqfpsdcd vpdcd fm bdyqjgfqd `vgaqf cf Udphjmesom" mo fp yopjabf dhoqd‗- Z pf yqfevmsd;‒¿D`fysdqçd fb yqfpjcfmsf osqd ~f{ vm òm~jsf ògo `vdmco fm bd `d'yjsdb zdmtvj" mo evqð bd admcfqd cf Fpydôd? Yfqo êb jmpjpsf" pjfgyqfpjm pfq fp`v`hdco" ̀ ogo fm pv dpyjqd`jðm cf jmsfeqdq fb E5 dqevzfmcotvf pv ydçp fp fòmðgj`dgfmsf gäp jgyoqsdmsf tvf Jsdbjd‗- Fm qjeoq

cf ~fqcdc" pf sqdsd fm bd yqä`sj`d cf vm E8 yoq bd ydqsj`jyd`jðm d`sj~d

yfqo mo o`jdbj{dcd cf bd Nfcfqd`jðm Qvpd-

Osqo sfgd tvf jmtvjfsd d bop fpydôobfp fp tvf fm Ejaqdbsdq "cfpcf hd`f dôop" pf ~jfmfm òmpsqvzfmco sûmfbfp z fm vm gogfmsopf `db`vbdqom bop zd fxjpsfmsfp" òm vmd fxsfmpjðm cf`bdqdcd cf 05ljbðgfsqop cf bdqeo" dvmtvf dbevmop pvyomfm hdm ydpdco bop 69 ljbð'gfsqop- ¿Fb nvm`jomdgjfmso fm bdp fmsqdôdp cf Bd Qo`d cf jmpsdbd`jo'mfp ydqd qfydqd`jðm cf pvagdqjmop z adqòp d yqoyvbpjðm mv`bfdq mo

yqfo`vyd d mdcjf? Dhoqd pf d`svdbj{d fb fp`ämcdbo cfb hvmcjgjfmso cfb‒Mfu Nbdgf‗ fm deopso cfb 1995" `vzdp `hdsdqqdp yqfpvgjabfgfmsfòmsdgjmdmsfp nvfqom bbf~dcdp d Ejaqdbsdq - Cf ydpo" qfòqcfgop tvfcvqdmsf bd Evfqqd cf Gdb~jmdp fb eoajfqmo fpydôob onqf`jð qfydqdq fm

Fb Yfôðm md~fp jmebfpdp d~fqjdcdp fm fb òmj`so-

Osqd hvgjbbd`jðm gäp- Db jmeqfpdq Fpydôd fm bd OSDM" boeqðBomcqfp fb ògdmco qfejomdb fm Ejaqdbsdq - Fp cf`jq" bop jmebfpfp sjf'

mfm gdmco gjbjsdq poaqf sfqqjsoqjo hjpydmo- Mo fp cf ob~jcdq sdgyoò

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tvf fb yvfabo fpydôob fm 4:81 adsdbbð fm gdmjnfpsd`jomfp `dbbfkfqdpgvbsjsvcjmdqjdp fm dyozo d mvfpsqd evfqqd- Eqdmcfp ydm`dqsdp cf`çdm;‒eoajfqmo edbbjmd" dyqfmcdm cf Dqefmsjmd‗-

Fm m" fb òm~vbpjomdco ydmoqdgd jmsfqmd`jomdb d`svdb" fpsdyqoyoq`jomdmco vmd mvf~d oyoqsvmjcdc cf go~jbj{d`jðm cf bop yvfabopcfb gvmco òm fb yqoyðpjso cf d~dm{dq fm bd bv`hd òmsqd fb dbf~opoòbomjdbjpgo cf bdp gvbsjmd`jomdbfp- Dqefmsjmd z Pvqdgêqj`d cfafmsogdq jmj`jdsj~dp òmcv`fmsfp-

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>5

Fb 43 cf kvmjo pfôdbd fb 15 dmj~fqpdqjo cf vmd adsdbbd yfqcjcd"pjm tvf hdzd sfqgjmdco bd cfmj`jðm cf bd evfqqd- Fp vmd cfvcd cfhomoq òm bop >3: kð~fmfp tvf mop fpyfqdm fm jpbdp z devdp yqoyjdpcfb Dsbämsjò Pvq ydqd `vaqjqbop òm bd admcfqd md`jomdb-

Fmsqf cj~fqpop yqozf`sop d~dm{dcop cf oyfqdsj~op bfedbfpybdmj`dcop yoq kvqjpsdp cfpsd`dcop" pf fpsä fm òmcj`jomfp cf bdm'{dq dmsf ̀ ogyfsfmsfp ̀ oqsfp jmsfqmd`jomdbfp cf kvpsj`jd" cfgdmcdp yoq `qçgfmfp cf evfqqd- Pfqäm tvfqfbbdmsfp bop yqoyjop dnf`sdcop" oqed'mj{d`jomfp cf ~fsfqdmop" z bd @ogjpjðm cf Ndgjbjdqfp cf @dçcop fmGdb~jmdp f Jpbdp cfb Dsbämsjò Pvq" oqedmj{d`jðm fpsd ûbsjgd cf jmsfmpdgjbjsdm`jd tvf" fmsqf osqop boeqop gvz jgyoqsdmsfp" òmpsqvzð fb Go'

mvgfmso d bop hêqofp cf bd Efpsd cf 4:81 fm fb `fgfmsfqjo dqefmsjmocf Cdqujm-

Gdb~jmdp z bd ~jobd`jðmcf cfqf`hop hvgdmop

Bop dqefmsjmop cfafgop jgyomfqmopefmfqdq jmj`jdsj~dp òm`qfsdp z yfqgdmfmsfpcf sqdp`fmcfm`jd md`jomdb f jmsfqmd`jomdb"

ydqd mfvsqdbj{dq bd popsfmjcd `dgydôdcf cfpgdb~jmj{d`jðm cf òm`jfm`jdp `qjobbdp-

Fmqjtvf Obj~d

43/^J/9:

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>8

@om bop ògydsqjosdp `dçcop pf gdmsjfmf ~j~o fb ògyqogjpocf homoq" dhoqd òmpsjsv`jomdb" vsjbj{dmco socop bop gfcjop yopjabfpydqd gdmsfmfq bd bbdgd cf mvfpsqd cfsfqgjmd`jðm cf qf`vyfqdq bop fp'yd`jop tvf mop yfqsfmf`fm-

Fm Gdb~jmdp pf bv`hð òmsqd bop eoajfqmop cf bdp gdzoqfpyosfm`jdp o``jcfmsdbfp" yfqo òm fb dyozo goqdb cf bop yvfabop ~j`sj'gj{dcop yoq fb òbomjdbjpgo-

Fb gvmco qfejpsqð bd pdbjcd cf gvbsjsvcfp d bdp `dbbfp fm mvfp'

sqo dyozo goqdb" yfpf d bd ‒yqvcfm`jd‗ cf bop eoajfqmop `jydzop-

^jobd`jomfp cf bop Cfqf`hop Hvgdmop z `ðcjeop cf evfqqd

Fm Gdb~jmdp z devdp cfb Dsbämsjò Pvq pf ògadsjð òm dqqokonqfmsf d bdp sf`moboeçdp gäp popsj`dcdp cfb ‒dqsf cf gdsdq‗- Yqf`jpd'gfmsf nvf vm pvagdqjmo mv`bfdq" fm d``jðm yoq yqjgfqd ~f{ fm bd hjpso'

qjd" tvjfm hvmcjð db @qv`fqo Afbeqdmo nvfqd cf bd {omd cf fx`bvpjðm- Dpç bo dcgjsjð yûabj`dgfmsf bd yqjgfqd gjmjpsqd jmebfpd" pv edajmfsf zfb Ydqbdgfmso- Soco vm ̀ qjgfm cf bfpd hvgdmjcdc tvf fpyfqd kvpsj`jd-¤Mo yocfgop hd`fq oçcop poqcop d fpf qf`bdgo$

D gfcjdcop cfb gfp cf gdzo ydpdco" nvf bd @ES" bd yqjm`jydbjmpsjsv`jðm cf bop sqdadkdcoqfp dqefmsjmop" òm pvp gäxjgdp dvsoqjcd'cfp yqfpfmsfp" tvf aqjmcð vm gfqf`jco hogfmdkf d bop ~fsfqdmop cf

Gdb~jmdp- Dbbç mo pf hdabð pobo cfb ògyqogjpo cf homoq cf qf`vyfqdq bdp jpbdp cfb Dsbämsjò Pvq pjmo sdgajêm cf qf`bdgdq fb fmkvj`jdgjfmsocf bop qfpyompdabfp aqjsämjòp yoq cfbjsop òmsqd bop cfqf`hop hvgd'mop- Pf cfpsd`dqom dbbç dbevmop hf`hop ajfm yqoadcop" sdbfp ògofb `jsdco `dpo cfb @qv`fqo Afbeqdmo" bd gdsdm{d cf yqjpjomfqop cfevfqqd dqefmsjmop fm fpyf`jdb bvfeo cf bd adsdbbd cf Eoopf Eqffm (Yqdcfqd cfb Edmpo*- Fm fpf bvedq" pf oabjeð sdgajêm d `dvsj~op dq'

efmsjmop d cfpfmsfqqdq gjmdp z sqdmpyoqsdq gvmj`jomfp z fxybopj~op" bo`vdb yqo~o`ð gäp gvfqsfp z gvsjbdcop yfqgdmfmsfp- Fpop hf`hop tvf

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òmsqd~jfmfm bop ndgopop @om~fmjop cf Ejmfaqd" pom òmcfmdcopògo cfbjsop eqd~fp f jgyqfp`qjysjabfp-

Fxyfqsop hjpsoqjdcoqfp gjbjsdqfp jmebfpfp z osqop fxsqdmkfqop"

òjm`jcfm fm poqyqfmcfqpf tvf fm bd adsdbbd cf Yqdcfqd cfb Edmpo bopgvfqsop dqefmsjmop (439* nvfqom fxdefqdcdgfmsf gäp tvf bop hfqj'cop" `vdmco bo moqgdb fp tvf pfd soco bo òmsqdqjo z yoq gdzoq cjnf'qfm`jd- Fpso hd`f jmcj`dq tvf yocqçd hdafq fxjpsjco vmd gdsdm{d cfhfqjcop- Dpjgjpgo" bop gfcjop cf cjnvpjðm aqjsämjòp ~fmçdm dbfmsdmco~fmedm{d z cvqf{d òmsqd bop ‒dqejfp‗ yoqtvf vmo cf pvp `dçcop fqdvm òqomfb cf ydqd`djcjpsdp" adko bd ndbpd d`vpd`jðm cf tvf `dzð bvf'eo cf hdafqpf bf~dmsdco admcfqd abdm`d cfb bdco dqefmsjmo" bo `vdbfp jmfxd`so- Yfqo bd qfyfsjcd ~fqpjðm cjo bvedq d eqjsop cf qf~dm`hd z`dpsjeo" dqgdmco tvf ‒bop dqefmsjmop mo pf gfqf`fm òmgjpfqd`jðmdbevmd‗- Fb mosoqjo `bjgd fpsjgvbdco yoq fpyf`jdbjpsdp fm evfqqd pv`jdpjòbðej`d" kvpsj`d bdp d`vpd`jomfp cf nvpjbdgjfmsop cf yqjpjomfqop dq 'efmsjmop-

Fb Pvmcdz Sjgfp (fb Sjgfp cf bop cogjmeop* db hdabdq cf bdpadkdp dqefmsjmdp cf bd Adsdbbd cf Eoopf Eqffm" fm pv fcj`jðm cfb > cf

kvmjo cf 4:81" cj`f; ‒Bop yqjgfqop `äb`vbop o`jdbfp cf 69 gvfqsop"bvfeo cf 499 z ydqd fb gjêqòbfp zd hdaçd 169‗-

‒Nvpjbdgjfmso cfb pvaon`jdb Dqsvpo‗

Fb 16 cf daqjb cf 4:81 cçd cf bd `dçcd cf bdp Efoqejdp fm

gdmop jmebfpdp" fb Gjmjpsfqjo cf Cfnfmpd fm Bomcqfp dmvm`jð tvf‒pf qjmcjð bd evdqmj`jðm pjm bd gfmoq qfpjpsfm`jd z nvf jmvsjbj{dco fb pva'

gdqjmo dqefmsjmo ‒Pdmsd Nf‗- Sqfp cçdp cfpyvêp" fb 18" osqo ydqsf gj'mjpsfqjdb jmnoqgdad; ‒Vm gjfgaqo cf bd Gdqjmd Dqefmsjmd" `dysvqdcohfqjco cvqdmsf bd oyfqd`jðm cf bdp Efoqejdp cfb Pvq hdaçd ndbbf`jco‗-

Fb 1: cf daqjb" bd nvfmsf o`jdb jmnoqgd tvf ‒vm ògjsê cf jm'~fpsjed`jðm pf fpsdad noqgdmco ydqd fpsvcjdq fb pfqjo jm`jcfmsf‗ fm

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Efoqejd- Fpf gjpgo cçd z fb pjevjfmsf" bop ðqedmop cf cjnvpjðm" fmsqfbdp gfcjdp ydbdaqdp gjmjpsfqjdbfp" pvgdadm ~fqpjomfp z pvyopj`jomfppoaqf fb gjpsfqjopo `dpo- d̂zdm fkfgybop;

Yfqcjð bd ~jcd d òmpf`vfm`jd cf cjpydqop" cvqdmsf pv `dv'sj~fqjo‗< ‒pjm ògfmsdqjop‗ (mj pjtvjfqd pf cd fb mogaqf cf bd ~ç`sjgd*<‒yqjpjomfqo gvfqso fm ‘jm`jcfmsf‚‗< ‒gvqjð fm vm mo fpyf`j`dco z pfqjojm`jcfmsf‗< ‒yqjpjomfqo gvfqf fm jmsfmso cf pdaosfdq pvagdqjmo‗" ‒Bdgjpjðm pvj`jcd cf pobcdco ‘hvgjbbdco‚‗< ‒Vmd qfd``jðm yoq bd hvgjbbdmsfqfmcj`jðm dqefmsjmd‗-

Qf`jêm fb cçd 09 pf yvabj`d o`jdbgfmsf fb ‒mogaqf cfb gdqj'mfqo (dqefmsjmo* gvfqso‗ yoq mosj`jd yqo~fmjfmsf cf Avfmop Djqfp- Pf

sqdsdad cfb pvao`jdb Nêbjx Op`dq Dqsvpo" deqfedmco tvf ‒bdp ̀ jq`vmp'sdm`jdp z fb bvedq cf pv gvfqsf mo nvfqom pv`jfmsfgfmsf fp`bdqf`jcopyoq fb eoajfqmo aqjsämjò‗-

Fb 4» cf gdzo fb Gjmjpsfqjo cf Cfnfmpd ~vfb~f d so`dq bjefqd'gfmsf fb sfgd Dqsvpo cj`jfmco tvf ‒dzfq nvf pfyvbsdco fm Eqzs~jlfm"fm bdp Efoqejdp‗ z qfjsfqd ‒pf hdqçd vmd jm~fpsjed`jðm‗- Gäp bd òm'nvpjðm pf jm`qfgfmsd òm vmd mosd cfb Cdjbz Gdjb cfb 48 cf gdzo sj'

svbdcd; ‒Nvmfqdb ydqd vm jm~dpoq `dçco‗- Pf db pfyfbjo cfb ‒pdqefmsoyqjgfqo Dqsvpo‗ ògo vmd mosj`jd cfb cçd dmsfqjoq- ¿Mo hdaçd pjco pf'yvbsdco fb 09 cf daqjb? Bo `jfqso fp tvf fm ~dqjdp oyoqsvmjcdcfp ~ob~jðd gfm`jomäqpfbo cvqdmsf fb òmj`so dqgdco ògo d bd jm~fpsjed`jðm‒fm `vqpo‗-

Hdpsd hoz" kvmjo cfb 199:" mo pf sjfmfm gäp mosj`jdp- Yoq fbòmsqdqjo" bd ‒gdsdm{d cf Eoopf Eqffm‗" òm pv yqogfsjcd @ogjpjðmJm~fpsjedcoqd" hoqdp cfpyvêp cfb dmvm`jo cf pv òmpsjsv`jðm" pf ò'mo`jð fb ~fqfcj`so cf bd gjpgd; ‒d``jcfmsf‗- F~jcfmsfgfmsf" bd kvpsj`jdaqjsämj`d d`sûd d cop ~fbo`jcdcfp-

Bop sqfp sqdadkop cf Fmqjtvf Obj~d yfqsfmf`fm d bd pfqjf cf mosdp poaqf

yfmpdgfmso z yobçsj`d md`jomdb tvf êb gjpgo cjpsqjavçd yoq ̀ oqqfo fbf`'

sqðmjò- Pf hd qfpyfsdco pv cjpfôo-

Dydqf`fm yoq efmsjbf{d cf Nqdm`jpò Obj~d-

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Yqonvmcdgfmsf homqdco yoq bd òm~o`dsoqjd fnf`svdcd yoq bdPf`qfsdqçd cf Cfqf`hop Hvgdmop cf bd @omnfcfqd`jðm Efmfqdb cfb

Sqdadko" z fpyf`jdbgfmsf deqdcf`jco d Kvbjo Yjvgdso z d @êpdq Sqfkoyoq jm~jsdqgf d ydqsj`jydq fm fpsf ~fqcdcfqo d`so cf dvsodqgd`jðm zcf qfpjpsfm`jd `j~jb yoq bd `dvpd cf bdp Gdb~jmdp" dmsfp cf ògfm{dq fpsd aqf~f òmnfqfm`jd" tvjfqo hd`fq gfm`jðm d bd yqfpfm`jd cf bopògydôfqop Yoqcjo @dbcfqðm" @dqbop Yom`f" z Cdmjfb Aqjðm" jmsfeqdm'sfp cf fpd osqd qfpjpsfm`jd 'bd yfqomjpsd' d bd tvf hoz sdmso cfafgopbop tvf fpsdgop dhoqd qfvmjcop" ògo dpç sdgajêm d bop jmsfeqdmsfp

cf bd ndgjbjd cf Fmqjtvf Obj~d d tvjfm hogfmdkfdqfgop yopsfqjoqgfm'sf-

Hd`f yoò sjfgyo fpsf gjpgo pdbðm ‒Nfbjyf ^dbbfpf‗" nvf sfp'sjeo cf vm hjso `qv`jdb fm bd adsdbbd yoq bdp Gdb~jmdp- Dtvç mogäp" fbgo~jgjfmso oaqfqo oqedmj{dco dògydôdmco d bd @ogjpjðm cf Ndgj'

bjdqfp cf @dçcop fm Gdb~jmdp z d vm eqvyo cf ^fsfqdmop cf Evfqqd"fxjejð db fmsom`fp Gjmjpsqo cf Fcv`d`jðm Cdmjfb Njbgvp" bd jm`bvpjðm

cf bd ̀ vfpsjðm Gdb~jmdp fm bd mvf~d bfz cf fcv`d`jðm d pdm`jomdqpf- Dydqsjq cf sdb fxjefm`jd" cj`ho òmsfmjco nvf jmòqyoqdco fnf`sj~dgfmsf

Gdb~jmdp z Go~jgjfmso Oaqfqo

Cq- Nqdm`jpò Yfpsdmhd

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d bd moqgd qfnfqjcd" yoq `vdmso d`svdbgfmsf" òmsdgop òm vmd hfqqd'gjfmsd cf ~jsdb jgyoqsdm`jd ydqd bd `dvpd tvf fmdqaobdgop-

Yfqo dtvfb dòmsf`jgjfmso fm fb tvf 'ajfm ~dbf qfòqcdq' sv~o

fpyf`jdb yqosdeomjpgo fb Yqonfpoq Fqmfpso Dcobno Qçop" mo nvf vm hf'`ho djpbdco- Gvz yoq fb òmsqdqjo" noqgd ydqsf cf fpd ~fqcdcfqd adsd'bbd `vbsvqdb tvf ~jfmf bjaqämcopf cfpcf fb gjpgo 43 cf kvmjo cf 4:81òmsqd bd cfpgdb~jmj{d`jðm" z tvf sjfmf pjm bvedq d cvcdp db go~jgjfmsooaqfqo ògo pv dqsjbbfqo yqjm`jydb cf d`vfqco d bdp qfògfmcd`jomfptvf Kvdm Cogjmeo Yfqðm bfedqd fm pv sfpsdgfmso yobçsjò-

Cfafgop qfòqcdq fm fpf pfmsjco tvf tvjfm nvfqd sqfp ~f`fp

yqfpjcfmsf cf bop dqefmsjmop fm pvp ûbsjgop sjfgyop cf pv ~jcd" pfcfcj`ð d cjdboedq gvz pfbf`sj~dgfmsf ̀ om dtvfbbop pf`soqfp cf bd ~jcdmd`jomdb tvf êb òmpjcfqdad ~jsdbfp ydqd oasfmfq bd dmpjdcd bjafqd`jðmmd`jomdb- Z dpç" fm mvgfqopdp oyoqsvmjcdcfp" fmsqf fbbdp" fm bd jmdv'evqd`jðm cf bop `vqpop cf noqgd`jðm pvyfqjoq ydqd bop cjqjefmsfp pjmcj'`dbfp" fxhoqsð d bop sqdadkdcoqfp d oqedmj{dqpf z d ̀ dyd`jsdqpf" zd tvfpf ~fmçdm sjfgyop cf bv`hd yoq bop qf`vqpop mdsvqdbfp z fpsqdsêejòp-

Mo pf ftvj~o`dad fb ~jfko efmfqdb òm dtvfbbd fxhoqsd`jðm"

zd tvf hoz" gäp cf sqfjmsd dôop cfpyvêp" mop fmòmsqdgop fm fpsd~fqcdcfqd dpdgabfd cfadsjfmco poaqf bd `vfpsjðm Gdb~jmdp tvf mo fposqd òpd tvf cfadsjq yoq bop gocop z fm bdp òmcj`jomfp fm bdp tvfcfafgop yqosfefq mvfpsqop qf`vqpop- Bo tvf hdedgop yoq Gdb~jmdpcdqä `vfmsd cf bo tvf fpsfgop cjpyvfpsop d hd`fq fm fb nvsvqo ydqdcfnfmcfq mvfpsqop qf`vqpop mdsvqdbfp z fpsqdsêejòp-

Bd Dqefmsjmd sjfmf vmd ~dpsd z fxjsopd fxyfqjfm`jd fm gdsfqjd

cf yqfpfq~d`jðm cf qf`vqpop mdsvqdbfp" dvmtvf qfpyf`so cf dtvfbboptvf sjfmfm yosfm`jdbjcdc fpsqdsêej`d" mo yvfcf cf`jqpf bo gjpgo- Bopsqdadkdcoqfp cf bd òmpfq~d`jðm hfgop hfqfcdco bop òmo`jgjfmsop zbd sê`mj`d ydqd bbf~dq d `dao sdb gjpjðm yfqo fpso pobo mo ~dpsd" zd tvfbd cfnfmpd cf bd jmsfeqdbjcdc cf cf qf`vqpop fp vmd bdaoq tvf ̀ ogyfsfd socop z ̀ dcd vmo cf bop pf`soqfp cf bd ~jcd md`jomdb jm`bvzfmco d bdp

Nvfq{dp Dqgdcdp" `vzd hjyðsfpjp cf òmj`so" cfaf oqjfmsdqpf hd`jdpv cfnfmpd dadmcomdco cfmjsj~dgfmsf bd pjmjfpsqd ‒jcfoboeçd‗ cf bd

pfevqjcdc md`jomdb-

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Gdb~jmdp" ògo qênfqj dmsfqjoqgfmsf" mop hdabd cf vm `ûgvbocf qjtvf{dp d bdp tvf cfafgop yqosfefq d qdkdsdabd 'yfqo dcfgäp' mophdabd cf osqo sjyo cf qf`vqpop; bop hvgdmop" fp cf`jq" cf socop z `dcdvmo cf dtvfbbop tvf dbbç ògadsjfqom" z fpyf`jdbgfmsf" cf bop tvfcfkdqom pv pdmeqf fm fpdp jpbdp dûm jqqfcfmsdp- Mop hdabd fmsom`fpcf ndgjbjdqfp" cf dgjeop" cf ~fsfqdmop z cf ògadsjfmsfp tvf dvm

hoz pjevfm bv`hdmco mo pobdgfmsf yoq qf`vyfqdq bo tvf yoq cfqf`homop òqqfpyomcf pjmo sdgajêm òmsqd yqä`sj`dp z òm`fysvdbj{d`jomfpmfndpsdp- Fm fpf oqcfm" `daf pobo `jsdq fb gf`dmjpgo cf bd bbdgdcdcfpgdb~jmj{d`jom tvf ògfm{ð d m cf bd cj`sdcvqd z dûm yfqpjpsf" ztvf hd òbo`dco d ~fsfqdmop z ògadsjfmsfp fm vm qob cf ydpj~o cf

‒~ç`sjgdp‗" tvf fm ~f{ cf fmsqomj{dqbop fm fb ydmsfðm cf bop yqosdeo'mjpsdp cf bd hjpsoqjd" bop hd òmcv`jco yoq fb pfmcfqo cfb ob~jco z bd

cfeqdcd`jðm- Bd ~j`sjgj{d`jðm tvf hd qf`dçco poaqf fbbop" ògydôf'qop" fp pjmðmjgo cf gfmop`dao" yfqo mo pobo qfpyf`so cfb ~fsfqdmocf evfqqd pjmo d bd md`jðm gjpgd" zd tvf mop hd jmsfmsdco yqj~dq cffkfgybop ûsjbfp z ~jqsvopop ydqd bdp mvf~dp efmfqd`jomfp-

Yoq fbbo" popsfmeo tvf bd cfgo`qd`jd sjfmf vmd eqdm cfvcd

ydqd òm bop ògadsjfmsfp" ògyqogjpo tvf òmpjpsf fm vaj`dqbop fmpv ~fqcdcfqd cjgfmpjðm hjpsðqj`d- D ydqsjq cfb sqdadko òm bd @ogjpjðmcf Ndgjbjdqfp" z bop fpsvcjop tvf hfgop qfdbj{dco fm bd Vmj~fqpjcdc"hfgop òmpsdsdco tvf pj ajfm dbevmop ~fsfqdmop gdmsjfmfm" popsjf'mfm z qfyqocv`fm fpf qob cf ~ç`sjgdp" bd gdzoqçd cf fbbop mo pf pjfm'sfm sdbfp" z dpyjqdm d vm qfòmo`jgjfmso hjpsðqjò- @om`bvjcd bd bv`hd

yoq qfj~jmcj`d`jomfp cf çmcobf eqfgjdb" gv`hop ògadsjfmsfp pf hdm

~ob`dco hd`jd fb `dgjmo cf bd qfj~jmcj`d`jðm goqdb z yobçsj`d" pfmcfqotvf fm goco dbevmo dpyjqd d pv fxdbsd`jðm jmcj~jcvdb" pjmo gvz yoq fb òmsqdqjo d bd cjemj`d`jðm cf soco vm yvfabo- Pj ajfm cfafgop qf'òmo`fq tvf mvfpsqo yvfabo hd hf`ho fpsf qfòmo`jgjfmso" zd tvfmo fxjpsf bo`dbjcdc fm fb ydçp yoq yftvfôd tvf fpsd pfd fm bd hf mohdzd vm qfòqcdsoqjo" vmd `dbbf o vm oqdsoqjo fm hogfmdkf d mvfpsqop

hêqofp" bd eqdm pvyfqfpsqv`svqd `vbsvqdb" d`dcêgj`d z yfqjocçpsj`d cfbydçp pjevf cfpgdb~jmj{dmco- Fmsom`fp" qfpvbsd vm ~fqcdcfqo cfpyqo'

yðpjso tvf gjfmsqdp bd gdzoqçd cf bop ògadsjfmsfp z ndgjbjdqfp pjfm'

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sfm tvf pv bv`hd mo hd pjco fm ~dmo z tvf pv yqosdeomjpgo nvf ~jsdb fmbd dvsodqgd`jðm yoq Gdb~jmdp" dûm pf bop sqdsf ògo ~j`sjgdp" ògo~vbmfqdabfp yjafp cf bd evfqqd" cfpvakfsj~j{ämcobop z òmcv`jêmcobopdb opsqd`jpgo fsfqmo-

@ogo fm soco f~fmso hvgdmo pf `vf`fm hdadp" z pj fm fbògadsf fxjpsjfqom fyjpocjop ~fkdsoqjop 'yvfp ajfm' cfafqäm pfq `dp'sjedcop" mdcjf pf oyomf d fbbo- Yfqo `fmsqdq fb qfbdso cf bd adsdbbd yoq Gdb~jmdp fm fpsop fyjpocjop" mo hd`f osqd òpd tvf oabjsfqdq fb ~fqcd'cfqo pfmsjco cf dtvfbbd òmnqomsd`jðm tvf fp; bd kvpsj`jd cf bd `dvpd-Bo hjpsðqj`dgfmsf qfbf~dmsf ògydôfqop mo fp bd fxjpsfm`jd cf fyjpo'

cjo cf ~fkd`jomfp ~fkd`jðm fm fb sfdsqo cf oyfqd`jomfp" pjmo bd kvpsj`jdcf vmd `dvpd tvf ajfm yvfcf qfyqfpfmsdqpf fm d`sjsvcfp cf hogaqfpògo fb gdfpsqo Kvbjo @do" `vzd gdcqf Cfbgjqd fpsd dtvç yqfpfmsf"z tvf òm jmgfmpo dgoq d bd ydsqjd" z hdajfmco zd `vgybjco òm pvpfq~j`jo gjbjsdq" pf yqfpfmsð fpyomsämfd z ~obvmsdqjdgfmsf d ògadsjq cfkdmco dbbç pv ~jcd 'zd tvf ògo fb gjpgo bo pfôdbo' mo yocçd qfbdsdq d pvp dbvgmop bd hjpsoqjd cf mvfpsqop yqð`fqfp pj fb gjpgo mo fpsdad

cjpyvfpso d qfdbj{dq vm d`so cf eqdmcf{d yoq fb ydçp- Gdb~jmdp fm fpf

pfmsjco mop hdabd cf vmd cjgfmpjðm pd`qj`jdb tvf hoz" vm vmd fsdydcf qfbdsj~j{d`jðm cf bop ~dboqfp" yvfcf pfq bd nvfq{d ~jsdb ydqd qfcjgjq'mop cf sdmso cfpyoko-

Bd bfz tvf bop sqdadkdcoqfp oqedmj{dcop hdm òmsqjavjco d

pdm`jomdq cfaf yfqgjsjqmop fmsom`fp qf‐gdb~jmj{dq mvfpsqd `vbsvqd-Fpso yocqä bbf~dqpf d `dao pç z pobo pç" z cf vmd ~f{ yoq socdp fm bopägajsop fpsvcjdmsjbfp z d`dcêgjòp" pf cfkd cf fxybj`dq bd evfqqd 4:81

ògo fb yqocv`so cfb ̀ fpdqjpgo fpydpgðcjò cf vm efmfqdb aoqqd`ho"o ògo fb yqjm`jyjo cfb m cf bd Cj`sdcvqd" pjmo ògo ydqsf cf vm pjp 'sfgd cf qfbd`jomfp fòmðgj`dp z `vbsvqdbfp cfpjevdbfp fmsqf fb qfjmovmjco z mvfpsqo ydçp- Cf fpsd noqgd bd evfqqd mo dydqf`fqä ògo vm

fyjpocjo djpbdco pjmo" ògo òqqfpyomcf" ògo ydqsf cf vm pjpsfgdcf qfbd`jomfp tvf cdsdm `vdmso gfmop cfpcf 45>6- Fb qfbdso poaqfGdb~jmdp dctvjqjqä fmsom`fp vmd ~jsdbjcdc hjpsðqj`d zd tvf cdqä ̀ vfmsd

cf vm hjso gäp fm fpf pjpsfgd cf qfbd`jomfp" z fm sdmso" òaqdqä ~fq'cdcfqo pfmsjco tvf sjfmf ydqd socop bop dqefmsjmop-

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Fpyfqo tvf fpsdp aqf~fp qffxjomfp pjq~dm ydqd fxhoqsdq dbop ògydôfqop z d bdp ògydôfqdp d bjaqdq vmd ~fqcdcfqd adsdbbdòmsqd vmd cfpgdb~jmj{d`jom tvf yqfsfmcf tvf" mo pobo mop ob~jcfgopcf bop qf`vqpop cfb qf`bdgo" z cf bop tvf cf bop tvf dbbç cfp`dmpdm"pjmo sdgajêm cf P`dbdaqjmj Oqsj{" Kopê Bvjp soqqfp" Kopê Gdqçd Qopd"Nfqgçm @hä~f{" z sdmsop osqop hogaqfp z gvkfqfp tvf adsdbbdqom mo

pobdgfmsf òmsqd fb òbomjdbjpgo nçpjò pjmo sdgajêm òmsqd fb òbomjd'bjpgo `vbsvqdb tvf dvm fxsjfmcf pvp ndv`fp fm Pvcdgêqj`d-

Fpyfqo dcfgäp tvf fpsd dpdgabfd cf dvsodqgd`jðm" pjq~dydqd sogdq òm`jfm`jd tvf pj bd Eqdm Aqfsdôd gfcjdmsf fb d`vfqco cf

Bjpaod hd fvqoyfj{dco bd `dvpd Gdb~jmdp" moposqop bd sfmcqfgop tvf‒dgfqj`dmj{dq‗ d ydqsjq cf bd qdsj`d`jðm cf mvfpsqop ~çm`vbop òm bopydçpfp hfqgdmop" ~çm`vbop tvf ògo fmpfôdad Yfqðm" cfafm fxsfm'cfqpf mo pobdgfmsf db gvmco cf bd fòmogçd z bd cjybogd`jd" pjmosdgajêm db `dgyo cf bd `vbsvqd z fb sqdadko- Qf`vfqcfm ògydôfqop fbBfefmcdqjo DSBDP" ~fqcdcfqo yqozf`so cf vmjcdc ydqd bop sqdadkdco'qfp dgfqj`dmop-

Tvjfqo cfpyfcjqgf dmhfbdmco tvf fpsf fpyçqjsv tvf mopsqdmpgjsfm hoz ndgjbjdqfp z ~fsfqdmop cf Gdb~jmdp" cfpyjfqsfm fb aqçoògadsjfmsf cf socop bop dtvç yqfpfmsfp" z mop jm`jsf d qf`vyfqdq fpdòm`jfm`jd md`jomdb nvfmsf cf socd ~jsdbjcdc poafqdmd- Pfdm bop ~fsf'qdmop z ògadsjfmsfp ~fqcdcfqop qfcfmsoqfp cf fpsd `dvpd md`jomdb"

qfcfm`jðm tvf pðbo yvfcfm bbf~dq d `dao tvjfmfp pf dpvgfm d pj gjp'gop z dmsf pvp hjkop ògo yqosdeomjpsdp z mo ̀ ogo ~ç`sjgdp pvkfsdp dbd òmsjmvd yqosf``jðm cf ‒osqo‗-

Gv`hçpjgdp eqd`jdp d socop-

Sqdmp`qjy`jðm bjsfqdb cf òmnfqfm`jd cj`sdcd yoq fb Cq- Nqdm`jpò Kopê

Yfpsdmhd fm fb Pdbðm ‒Nfbjyf ̂ äbbfpf‗ cf bd @omnfcfqd`jðm Efmfqdb cfb

Sqdadko fb 09 cf gdq{o cf 1949" `fcjcd yoq fb dvsoq-

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55

Sfpsjgomjop

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5:

‒¤Cop gdcomfp$‗

Yftvfôd noqsvmd ydqd mjôop yoaqfp

jemoqdmsfp dûm cf pv yoaqf{d-

(Vmd `dpd yoaqf- Vmd `dpd bjgyjd-

Ydyä" gdgä" dtvfb davfbo< vm yfqqo" vm edso"

cop soqsvedp" hdgd`dp" gv`hop kvfeop…

¿ydqd tvê gäp?*

‒Gdcomfp‗ ydqd Gdb~jmdp4+

Fqmfpso Qçop

D Qotvf Qdûb Dqdeðm

+ Deqdcf`fgop db ògydôfqo @êpdq Sqfko" cf bd @ogjpjðm cf Ndgjbjdqfp cf @dçcop fm Gdb~jmdp"hdafq hf`ho yopjabf bd yvabj`d`jðm cf fpsf yofgd-4 @om bd fxyqfpjðm ‒gdqqðm‗ pf cfpjemdad yoyvbdqgfmsf fm bd êyo`d d vm ajbbfsf cf `vqpo bfedbcf adkd cfmogjmd`jðm" yoq fb hf`ho cf pv òboq dgdqqomdco-

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Fqd bd kfqed cj~fqsjcd cf bd mjôjsd

jm`dyd{ yoq pv fcdc

cf dòbbdqdq bd bfmevd z yqomvm`jdq bd ‒fqqf‗-


Sfpoqo jm~dbvdabf òmpfevjco

fm fb dhoqqo pfgdmdb cf bd gfqjfmcd-

(‒Gf cvfbf bd ydmphjsd… Yfqo mo gf jgyoqsd…¤Zo kvfeo" zo kvfeo…$*

Bd gdcqf" jgyqo~jpdco admò z mdm`jpsd"

fm`dqedcd cf òm~fqsjq bd fxjevd pvgd

(noqsvmd ~jqsvdb cf mjôop yoaqfp

jemoqdmsfp dûm cf pv yoaqf{d*

fm `hoòbdsfp…

Yfqo mo ydqd fbbop;

‒Ydqd bop `hjòp cf Gdb~jmdp- Ydqd tvf mo sfmedm nqço-

Ydqd `dbfmsdqbfp bd ydmphjsd… Yoafphjsop-‗

Z fb `dmcoq cfb dqevgfmso jqqfnqdedabf cf bop `hjòpfpsqfgf`jð fb bdeqjgdb cf dtvfbbd gdcqf-

Fqd 4:81-

Z cop goòpop" hfqgdmjsop"

cf o`ho z pfjp dôop-

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Mjôop yoaqfp"

jemoqdmsfp dûm cf pv yoaqf{d-

Jemoqdmsfp dûm cfb pjbfm`jo ebd`jdb dgomfcdco

ògo sqjavso db gvfqso-

Jemoqdmsfp dûm cf bd sqdj`jðm dsqjm`hfqdcd

fm o`jmdp cfb eoajfqmo-

Jemoqdmsfp cfb fpsjegd ndsdb ‐fpsjegd z pjmo‐

tvf fm fpsf pvfbo

fp pfq Hêqof-(Yfqo òmp`jfmsfp" d fpd fcdc"

cf bd fmsqfed z ndbd`jd cf bop ‒gfcjop‗;

‒Gjfmsf ògo vm cjdqjo‗" bfp fmpfôð fb davfbo*


Zd pf hdm òm~fqsjco fm oakfso cf gvpfo;

cjpsjmso pjemo gomfsdqjo

qfevbd fb jmsfq`dgajo pjm `qjsfqjo-

Hdm ydpdco gv`hop dôop;

bd ydmphjsd fp dacogfm yqogjmfmsf"fb yfbo `dmo" ¤bd ‒fqqf‗ pf yqomvm`jd$---

Yfqo mo hd ~dqjdco fb pfmsjgjfmso-

Fb sfpoqo pf d`qf`jfmsd poaqf fb dbgd;

bop gdcomfp mo cjfqom jmsfqêp"

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yfqo pç nqvso-

Z fpf nqvso pf evdqcd" jmòqqvysjabf"

fm fb òqd{ðm

(`dkd nvfqsf cf pdmeqf z cf pfmsjco"

jmgvmf d bop bdcqomfp cfb fmpvfôo*

ydqd pfq ydbdcfdco fm fpf cçd"

fpf cçd eboqjopo (~jfko dmhfbo*

fm tvf `dpj pjm ~o{

pf fmsomdqä fb Hjgmofpsqfgf`jfmco

bd svqad cf dtvfb pvfbo

sdm bfkdmo dûm" yfqo sdm mvfpsqo…

(qfbj`dqjo cf pdmeqf z cf òkomfp"

cf hvfpop òm gfgoqjd z pjm qf`vfqco*

Gjfmsqdp sdmso"

bd bäeqjgd nvqsj~d pf fp`vqqf pjm yvcoqfp

(bäeqjgd hjkd cf dtvfb bbdmso cf bd gdcqf dmsf fb `dmcoq cf pvp\`d`hoqqop<

bäeqjgd hjkd cfb bbdmso yfqfmmf cf bdp gdcqfp dmsf bd yêqcjcd pjm\qfydqd`jðm<

bäeqjgd hfqgdmd cfb bbdmso cf bop cfvcop yoq fb `dbj`dsj~o\jgaê`jb cf ‒jmûsjb‗

cf fpdp gvfqsfp*

d~dm{dcd cf fgo`jðm z ògyqogjpo"

`vdmco pf fp`v`hd fb yqjgfq pom"

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z `dmsdgop…

Sqdp pv gdmso cf mfabjmd"

Mo bdp hfgop cf ob~jcdq…

Fqmfpso Qçop (4:50'199:*" yobjsðboeo feqfpdco cf bd Vmj~fqpjcdc cf

Qopdqjo" dpfpoq cf bd Pf`qfsdqçd cf @vbsvqd z @dyd`jsd`jðm cf bd @ES"

gjfgaqo cf bd @ogjpjðm Yfqgdmfmsf cf Hogfmdkf d Noqkd" gjbjsdmsf

cf bd `dvpd md`jomdb-

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Dyfmdp qf`vyfqdcdp bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp" mvfpsqo ydçp pf ~jooabjedco d ybdmj`dq d`fbfqdcdgfmsf z yomfq fm gdq`hd" vmd pfqjf cfsqdadkop fpyf`çòp tvf dadq`dadm socdp bdp edgdp cf bd d`sj~jcdc

md`jomdb" ògo pfq bdp cf fpsdabf`fq z yomfq fm gdq`hd soco bo dsf'mjfmsf d cjpsjmsop sjyop cf pfq~j`jop" d pdafq;

‡ Cf sqdmpyoqsfp; Dêqfdp (Dfqobçmfdp Dqefmsjmdp" Bçmfdp Dê'qfdp cfb Fpsdco" Nvfq{d Dêqfd" Gdqjmd" Fkêq`jso" Efmcdqgfqçd" Yobj`çdNfcfqdb" Yqfnf`svqd* Gdqçsjgdp (Sqdmpyoqsfp Md~dbfp" Gdqjmd Gfq`dm'sf" Zd`jgjfmsop Yfsqobçnfqop Njp`dbfp" yfptvfqop cf dbsvqd z dqgdcoqfpyqj~dcop*

‡ Cf ògvmj`d`jomfp; FM@OSFB (Pfq~j`jop yopsdbfp*" FMSFB(Sfbfnomçd*" BQD >9 (Qdcjo Md`jomdb* z BVS 8 @DMDB 5 S^ (Qfyfsjcoqdcf DS@*

‡ Cf ̀ ogavpsjabfp; Ybdmsd ‒Dmsdqfp‗ cf Z-Y-N- (yqfpfmsf cfpcf4:51*

‡ Yfqjocçpsjòp; SFBDG" osqdp defm`jdp z òqqfpyompdbfp cf

evfqqd ‒Bd Ed`fsd Dqefmsjmd‗; ûmjò cjdqjo dqefmsjmo yvabj`dco fm bdpJpbdp

Bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jomdb cf ^jdbjcdcfm bd efpsd cf Gdb~jmdp

Jme- Dbafqso G- Ednnvqj

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‡ Cfb äqfd cf bd pdbvc; Hopyjsdb @j~jb; ydqd dsfmcfq bdp mf`f'pjcdcfp cf bd yoabd`jðm bo`db- Hopyjsdb Gjbjsdq; ydqd `vaqjq bop qftvfqj'gjfmsop cf bdp Nvfq{dp

‡ Qfc cf Oapfq~dcoqfp Dêqfop (jmsfeqdco yoq ̀ j~jbfp qdcjod'`jomdcop*

‡ Pfq~j`jop fpyjqjsvdbfp (aqjmcdcop yoq bop @dyfbbdmfp cf bdpcjpsjmsdp Nvfq{dp*

Dtvç `daf qfòqcdq tvf" fmsqf mfp cf 4:58 z yqjm`jyjop cf4:5:" cvqdmsf vmop pfjp gfpfp cf cvqd `dgydôd" bd Cjqf``jðm Md'`jomdb cf ^jdbjcdc" òm yfqpomdb z ftvjyop yqoyjop 'fmsqf bop tvf pf

cfpsd`ð fb Sê`mjò Qoafqso F- @oeoqmo' ̀ obdaoqð ̀ om bd Nvfq{d Dêqfd Dqefmsjmd" fm bd ̀ ompsqv``jðm cf bd mvf~d yjpsd ̀ om ybd`dp cf dbvgjmjoògo `dyd cf qocdgjfmso" ydqd tvf yvcjfqdm oyfqdq moqgdbgfmsf bopd~jomfp cf B-D-C-F-

Vm dcoqgf`jco pfmsjgjfmso ydsqjðsjò efqgjmð cf qfyfmsf fmfb òqd{ðm cf gv`hop dqefmsjmop" `vzd qfpyvfpsd mo pf hj{o fpyfqdq f hj{o tvf vm eqvyo cf defmsfp cf bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jomdb cf ^jdbjcdc

mop yqfpfmsäqdgop fpyomsämfdgfmsf dmsf fb Dcgjmjpsqdcoq Efmfqdb"òm fb qgf ògyqogjpo cf onqf`fqmop ògo ~obvmsdqjop ydqd jq d bdp‒Jpbdp‗- Êpsf" gvz fgo`jomdco" mop qf`jajð òm vm nvfqsf daqd{o z sqdpfboejdq mvfpsqd ydsqjðsj`d cf`jpjðm" mop ògvmj`ð tvf yoq fb gogfmso"pðbo pfqçd ydqsf cf bd ‒yqjgfqd d~dm{dcd‗" vm pfbf`so eqvyo" zd tvf

d`dadad cf qf`jajq vmd mosd Qfpfq~dcd cfb Fkêq`jso Dqefmsjmo" mosj'`ämcobo cf bd ̀ om~o`dsoqjd cf bop defmsfp Jme- Dbafqso G- Ednnvqj" Sê`-Qoafqso F- @oeoqmo" Nd`vmco Sobd~d z Bvkäm F- Gdqqomf-

Bbfedcop db Dfqoyvfqso" noqgdcop db yjf cfb Aofjme 595 cf

Dfqobçmfdp Dqefmsjmdp tvf daoqcdqçdgop fm gjmvsop gäp" fb @ogdm'cdmsf cf Jmefmjfqop" mop cfpyjcf òm fxvbsdmsfp sêqgjmop" cfpsd`dmcofpfm`jdbgfmsf bd jmsfeqd`jðm fm bdp bdp cf pvp hogaqfp cf dqgdp" cffpop cf`jcjcop ̀ j~jbfp" gv`hop cf bop ̀ vdbfp pvyfqdadm ̀ om hobevqd bdfcdc cf dbjpsdgjfmso" bop tvf pjm cvcdq fm cfkdq ndgjbjd z ògocjcdcfp"tvfqçdm fpsdq yqfpfmsfp" ydqd `vgybjq òm bd Ydsqjd" fm fb cfpfgyfôocf pvp qfpyf`sj~dp `dyd`jcdcfp- Pjm gäp" bop dyqoxjgdcdgfmsf 139

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fnf`sj~op" òm fb ftvjyo ògybfso" daoqcdgop bd md~f- Yoò cfpyvêp"ydqsçdgop hd`jd fb Dfqoyvfqso cf Qço Edbbfeop" db tvf dqqjadqçdgopbvfeo cf vmdp sqfp hoqdp cf ~vfbo- Zd fm êpsf" yqomsdgfmsf sqdpaoq'cdgop d osqop cop d~jomfp cf gfmoq fm~fqedcvqd" tvf bop hd`çd gäpdysop ydqd oyfqdq fm fb Dfqoyvfqso cf Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo- D bdp 5-09 hp-"

kvajbopop" dsfqqj{dgop fm mvfpsqo cfpsjmo mdb-

Fb gjpgo 40 cf daqjb" o`vydgop vmd `dpd yqfndaqj`dcd tvffpsdad fm ̀ ompsqv``jðm" ydqd fpsdabf`fq fb yvfpso cf gdmco" f jmpsdbdq vmo cf bop cop ftvjyop cf qdcjo" tvf hdaçdgop sqdçco ydqd ògvmj'`dqmop òm @dpd @fmsqdb z bop Cjpsqjsop kvqjpcj``jomdbfp- Yoq bd sdqcfbbfeð Nqdm`jpò Qçop" gdtvjmjpsd cf bd Fgyqfpd CQOGOP" tvjfm cfp'

cf @ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd" hdaçd pjco fsdco fm vm Hêq`vbfp" kvmso d pvQfsqofx`d~dcoqd-

Yoq oqcfm cfb Pf`qfsdqjo cf Oaqdp Yûabj`dp" @mfb- Coqqfeo"gf yqfpfmso dmsf fb Cjqf`soq cfb Hopyjsdb Gjbjsdq" Gz- @fadbbop" tvjfm

mf`fpjsdad qfdbj{dq vmd pfqjf cf sqdadkop fm fb òbfejo o`vydco dbfnf`so" ydqd pv jmgfcjdsd hdajbjsd`jðm pdmjsdqjd- Mo òmsdmco dûm òmbop ftvjyop ~jdbfp tvf dvm fpsdadm fm ~jdkf cfpcf fb òmsjmfmsf" avp'`dgop" bo`dbj{dgop z yvpjgop fm ̀ omcj`jomfp vmd ~jfkd soydcoqd" tvffpsdad nvfqd cf pfq~j`jo fm fb ‒Yvabj`p Uoqlp Cfydqsdgfms‗" òm bdtvf yvcjgop fnf`svdq go~jgjfmso cf pvfbop ydqd fb qfbbfmo" ògyd`'sd`jðm z yopsfqjoq mj~fbdco cfb sfqqfmo" òmnoqgdmco vmd pvyfq`jf bopv`jfmsfgfmsf qfpjpsfmsf" ògo ydqd pfq vsjbj{dcd ydqd bd oyfqd`jðmcf hdpsd cop hfbj`ðysfqop pdmjsdqjop" dnf`sdcop d bdp sdqfdp cf qfp`dsfz f~d`vd`jðm cf hfqjcop" ògybfgfmsdcd òm vm mvf~o `dgjmo cf

d``fpo db Hopyjsdb" ydqd nd`jbjsdq fb cfpybd{dgjfmso cf bdp vmjcdcfp cffgfqefm`jd-

@daf pfôdbdq tvf gjfmsqdp hd`çdgop vmd f~dbvd`jðm cf bdQfc ~jdb fxjpsfmsf" sqdadkop yqoyjop cf gdmsfmjgjfmso cf qvsjmd z cfòmpfq~d`jðm cf fgfqefm`jd" nvf bd jmpsdbd`jðm cf bop yqjgfqop `dqsf'bfp ~jdbfp" òm bd bfzfmcd;

QFYVABJ@D DQEFMSJMD'YVFQSO DQEFMSJMO

CJQF@@JOM MD@JOMDB CF ^JDBJCDC

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Socop fpsf ftvjydgjfmso" hdaqçd cf ̀ ompsjsvjqpf" fm bop jmpsqv'gfmsop cf sqdadko gäp jgyoqsdmsfp" ̀ om bop ̀ vdbfp pf jad d ‒yqfpfmsdq adsdbbd‗ fm bop cjnç`jbfp sfqqfmop gdb~jmfqop tvf sfmcqçdm tvf ~fm`fq"zd tvf" mo hdaçd tvf ob~jcdq bd fpyf`jdb òmpjcfqd`jðm tvf gfqf`çdfb pvfbo cf bdp Jpbdp" bop tvf yoq pvp `dqd`sfqçpsj`dp svqaopdp" bjgopdpz dq`jbbopdp" noqgdco poaqf adpfp cf fp`dpd òmpjpsfm`jd z pdsvqdcocf devd" hd`çd cjnç`jb fb cfpybd{dgjfmso cf bop ~fhç`vbop- D fbbo cfaçdpvgdqpf sdgajêm" bdp cj`vbsdcfp tvf yqfpfmsdadm bdp devdp fpsdm'`dcdp tvf òmnoqgdadm bdevmdp" ydmsdmop z bdeop" soco bo `vdb pje'mj`dad vm oapsä`vbo cfb dgajfmsf efoeqäò" gvz dqcvo cf pvyfqdq-@om fpsf fxjevo ydqtvf cf ftvjyop" cjpyomjfmco pobdgfmsf cf vmdp

yo`dp ybdm`hfsdp z ybdmjgfsqçdp òmpfevjcdp fm fb ‒Yvabj`p UoqlpCfydqsdgfms‗" mop yqoyvpjgop òmsjmvdq òm bd òmpsqv``jðm cfb `d'gjmo; Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo ‐ Cdqujm" fb tvf bdgfmsdabfgfmsf" mo yvcjgopòm`qfsdq" cdco tvf yqomso pf jmj`jdqçdm bdp d``jomfp aêbj`dp-

Zd d ydqsjq cf mfp cf daqjb" bd yqf`dqjfcdc cfb bvedq" fp pobjcd'qjdgfmsf ògydqsjcd òm fpsoj`jpgo fm socop pvp dpyf`sop- Bd qd`jðmcf ògadsf z fb evjpo `vdqsfbfqo" ydpdm d pfq bd qvsjmdqjd qd`jðm cjdqjd-Bo gjpgo o`vqqf d bd hoqd cf coqgjq" yvfp cfafm hd`fqbop pjfgyqf

~fpsjcop" pjsvd`jðm êpsd tvf pf gdmsfmcqä pjm ~dqjdmsfp hdpsd fb mdbcf bop dòmsf`jgjfmsop-

Jmsfeqdcop d bd d`sj~jcdc jgyvfpsd yoq bdp `jq`vmpsdm`jdp" socofb ftvjyo cf ~jdbfp mop dao`dgop cf bbfmo d bdp sdqfdp tvf mop jadmpjfmco dpjemdcdp" bdp tvf mo dcgjsçdm cfgoqd dbevmd" òmsdmco ydqdfbbo òm fb dyozo cf mvfpsqop ftvjyop bop tvf" cdcdp pvp `dqd`sfqçpsj'`dp" yfqgjsjfqom qfbdj{dq cj~fqpop sjyop cf sqdadkop sdmso ~jdbfp" ògo

cf dyozo gjbjsdq" d pdafq;' Fxybosd`jðm cf zd`jgjfmsop cf pvfbop pfbf``jomdcop z cf

qjyjo

' @ompfq~d`jðm z/o òmpsqv``jðm cf `dgjmop z d``fpop ~d'qjop<

' Qfbbfmo cf {omdp adkdp z fkf`v`jðm cf {dmkdp cf cqfmdkf<

' Yob~oqjmfp d `jfbo dajfqso (fmsfqqdcop" ydqd f~jsdq ‒fxybopjo'mfp yoq pjgydsçd‗*<

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' Cfyðpjsop cf ògavpsjabfp z bvaqj`dmsfp (sdgaoqfp cf 199bjsqop*<

' Dpfmsdgjfmso cf yjf{dp cf dqsjbbfqçd (`dôomfp cf 466 z 496

g-g-*<' Mjcop cf dgfsqdbbdcoqdp dmsjdêqfdp (ajsvao cf 09 g-g- z cf

41"5 g-g-* <

' Yqosf``jomfp cf cjqf`soqfp cf sjqo z cf qdcdqfp<

' Cfnfmpdp cf jmpsdbd`jomfp cf pfevqjcdc<

' Sqjm`hfqdp" yo{op cf {oqqo z qfnvejop pvasfqqämfop<

' Oapsä`vbop ydqd fb d~dm`f cf ~fhç`vbop fmfgjeop' Qfp`dsf" qfgobtvf" qfydqd`jðm cf bop ~fhç`vbop tvf tvfcd'

adm nvfqd cf pfq~j`jo

' Gdmsfmjgjfmso z qfydqd`jomfp cf sjyo cf soco sjyo cf ~fhç'`vbop" qfdbj{dcop fm fb sdbbfq ̀ fmsqd" gomsdco fm vm edbyðm cfb ‒Yvabj`pUoqlp Cfydqsdgfms‗ fm fb Yvfqso-

Sdgajêm" òm mvfpsqop `jmò ‒edv`hjsop‗ `dgjomfp ~ob`dco'

qfp" pf sqdmpyoqsð;' Yfqpomdb cf sqoyd hfqjco f~d`vdco cfpcf fb nqfmsf" hd`jd fb

Hopyjsdb Gjbjsdq

' Fnf`sj~op" yfqsqf`hop" ~ç~fqfp" fs`" hd`jd o cfpcf fb nqfmsfcf ògadsf

' Sdgaoqfp cf 199 bsp-" òmsfmjfmco edp'ojb dmsäqsjò z d`fjsfbvaqj`dmsf

' Ybd`dp cf dbvgjmjo ydqd bd qfydqd`jðm cf bd yjpsd cfb Dfqo'yvfqso

' Sdabomfp z yvmsdbfp cf gdcfqd" yfqbfp gfsäbjòp" `hdydpd`dmdbdcdp" ̀ dôop" db`dmsdqjbbdp ̀ oqqvedcdp" sdgaoqfp ~d`çop" qfyvfp'sop ~dqjop z ydqd `dgvdkf

' ^dbbdcop yqfndaqj`dcop òm yvmsdbfp cf gdcfqd z dbdgaqfcf yûdp

' ̂ ç~fqfp z qoyd" cfpcf fb Yvfqso z cfpcf fb Dfqoyvfqso hd`jd

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fb ‒@fmsqo cf Dadpsf`jgjfmso Boeçpsjò‗ (@-D-B-*" v osqop `fmsqop cfcjpsqjav`jðm

Socop fpsop sqdadkop jm~obv`qdadm cfcj`dq vm eqdm fpnvfq{o

cf mvfpsqd ydqsf" cdcdp bdp cj`vbsdcfp yqoyjdp tvf yqfpfmsdad fbcj`vbsopo sfqqfmo comcf mop so`dad d`svdq db sqdsdq cf qfp`dsdq bopftvjyop tvf tvfcdadm fgydmsdmdcop fm bd abdmcd svqad" bo `vdb mopoabjedad d sqdadkdq" adko qjevqopdp òmcj`jomfp gfsfoqobðej`dp" fmsf'qqdcop fm fb ndmeo hdpsd bd qocjbbd" òm bop yjfp sosdbgfmsf gokdcop"d{osdcop yoq fb nqço ~jfmso d`hdydqqdco z bdp òmsjmvdp bbo~j{mdp" pjmyocfq ògfq dbeo `dbjfmsf- Ydqd gdzoq cfpeqd`jd" bd gdzoqçd cf bopftvjyop mo sfmçdm ̀ dajmd" yoq bo tvf bop oyfqdcoqfp" cfaçdm sqdadkdq d

bd jmsfgyfqjf-Db dmo`hf`fq cfb 43 cf kvmjo" cçd cfb ‒dbso fb nvfeo‗" eqd`jdp d bd

jmsfq~fm`jðm cf bd @qv{ Qokd Jmsfqmd`jomdb" kvmso ̀ om `jmò ̀ dyfbbdmfp"`jmò yfqjocjpsdp cf SFBDG z fb òqqfpyompdb F- Qosomco" boeqdgopfgadq`dq fm fb ‒Zfhvjm‗- Zd d aoqco" òbdaoqdgop fm bd qf`fy`jðm zcjpsqjav`jðm fm bd ̀ vajfqsd" cf bdp ̀ dgjbbdp ̀ om hfqjcop jm`fpdmsfgfmsfbbfedadm cfpcf fb nqfmsf" ydqd pv f~d`vd`jðm- D `dcd vmo cf fbbop" bfpçadgop cdmco vmd adqqd cf ̀ hoòbdsf" ydqd gjsjedq fb hdgaqf z fb nqço-

@ogo dqqf`jdad bd mf~dcd" bop `vaqçdgop ̀ ogybfsdgfmsf ̀ om vmd nqd'{dcd" ydqd tvf yvcjfqdm poyoqsdq gfkoq fb òqso ~jdkf hdpsd fb Qogyf'hjfbop DQD ‒@ogdmcdmsf Jqj{dq‗" tvf sdgajêm yqfydqdco ògo AvtvfHopyjsdb" tvf mop fpyfqdad fm bd qdcd fxsfqjoq" gjfmsqdp dnf`sj~dgfmsfbfp cf`çdgop; ‒¤^dqðm; zd `vgybjpsf òm bd Ydsqjd" dhoqd ~ob~fgop d`dpd- Sqdmtvjbo$--‗

@fq`d cf bd gfcjdmo`hf" socop bop tvf fpsdadm fm òmcj`jo'

mfp nçpj`dp z dmçgj`dp" `dqedgop poaqf pvp fpydbcdp d `dcd vmo cffbbop" z bop nvjgop pvajfmco dqqjfpedcdgfmsf (cdcdp bdp yêpjgdp ̀ om'cj`jomfp cfb gdq* yoq bd ybdm`hdcd tvf cfpcf fb ‒Jqj{dq‗ adkdad sdg'adbfdmsf poaqf bd qfpadbdcj{d `vajfqsd" òmnoqgdmco vmd ~fqcdcfqd‒moqjd‗ hvgdmd- Njmdbgfmsf fb 4>" ydpdco fb gfcjocçd" cfpyvêp cf`dqedq bop ûbsjgop hfqjcop tvf tvfcdadm z òm bd dvsoqj{d`jðm cf bd@qv{ Qokd" {dqydgop hd`jd fb òmsjmfmsf-

Cvqdmsf bd sqd~fpçd mop dao`dgop d dpjpsjq" dbjgfmsdq z qfòm'noqsdq d bop hfqjcop" jmpsdbdcop fm bd ‒pdbd cf qf`vyfqd`jðm‗" gomsdcd

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fm bd aocfed yqjm`jydb" comcf" cdcd bd eqdm `dmsjcdc cf yd`jfmsfp" bdp`dgdp fpsdadm yfedcdp cf d `vdsqo z fm sqfp mj~fbfp fm dbsvqd-

Sdgajêm" nvf mosdabf bd òm`vqqfm`jd d bop o`jop qfbjejopop

`fbfaqdcop d aoqco" fm d``jðm cf eqd`jdp cf bop tvf" yoq oaqd cf bdYqo~jcfm`jd" d yfpdq cf mo hdafq pvnqjco hfqjcdp" poaqfbbf~äadgopsoco fb coboq cfb `vdb hdaçdgop pjco jm~obvmsdqjop yqosdeomjpsdp-

Fm bd gdcqvedcd cfb 48 cf Kvmjo" fxdbsdcop oapfq~dgop bdbbfedcd d bd qdcd cfb yvfqso cf @ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd- Cf jmgfcjdso"pf yomfm d òbdaoqdq òm bop gjfgaqop cf bd sqjyvbd`jðm" fm bop yqfyd'qdsj~op ydqd fb fgadqtvf hfbjsqdmpyoqsdco cf bop hfqjcop" fm bop cop‒Pfd Ljme‗ cf tvf cjpyomçd fb Qogyfhjfbop" hd`jd fb Hopyjsdb Qfejomdbcf @ogocoqo- D gfcjd sdqcf" bop `j~jbfp nvjgop sqdpbdcdcop db Cfpsd'`dgfmso M¹;: cf Jmsfbjefm`jd Gjbjsdq" ydqd ‒yqfpsdq cf`bdqd`jðm jmcded'soqjd‗ z pfq ‒yfqpvdcjcop‗ cf `vjcdqmop cf bo tvf" cf dhoqd fm gäp"yvcjêqdgop qfbdsdq cf bo ~j~jco- Njmdbgfmsf" fb 4: db gfcjocçd" fgadq'`dgop fm vm ~vfbo cf Dfqobçmfdp Dqefmsjmdp- Sqfp hoqdp cfpyvêp dsf'qqj{dgop fm fb Dfqoyvfqso ‒Koqef Mfuafqz‗" comcf mop bbf~dm d ‒Pdbd^JY‗" comcf mop devdqcdadm mvfpsqop pfqfp tvfqjcop- Fp dtvç" comcf

d yfpdq cf hdafq yocjco poyoqsdq fpsoj`dgfmsf vm `ûgvbo cf ~j`jpj'svcfp" mo yvcf qfpjpsjq gäp z qogyo d bboqdq ògo vm mjôo" gjfmsqdpdaqd{o nvfqsfgfmsf d pvp yftvfôop hjkop" yfmpdmco fm socop dtvfbbopògydôfqop tvf zd mvm`d gäp yocqçdm hd`fqbo-

Fb Fkêq`jso Dqefmsjmo" tvjpo qfpdbsdq bd bdaoq cf bop `vdsqodefmsfp cf bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jomdb cf ^jdbjcdc" yoq bo tvf fm pv ‒Jmnoq'gf O`jdb poaqf fb @omj`so Gdb~jmdp‗" cfkð fxyqfpdcop fpsop ̀ om`fy'sop;

‒Fpsf yfqpomdb ògydqsjð socdp bdp ~j`jpjsvcfp cfb yfqpomdb gjbjsdq-

Pvnqjð bop fnf`sop cfb `bjgd" bd dbjgfmsd`jðm `dqfm`jdcd z bop yfqgdmfmsfp

aogadqcfop md~dbfp z sfqqfpsqfp- Dmsf fpsop dsdtvfp sv~jfqom tvf ydpdq gv'

`hdp mo`hfp fm bop yo{op cf {oqqo" yfqo jevdb `vgybjfqom pjm cfpgdzop òm

pv gjpjðm- Fpop hogaqfp òmpsjsvzfm vm cfpsd`dco fkfgybo cf ~dboq `ç~jò"

damfed`jðm z cfcj`d`jðm fm fb cfpfgyfôo cf pv sdqfd- Fpsop gêqjsop bo hd'

`fm d`qffcoqfp db qfòmo`jgjfmso cf bd `jvcdcdmçd- Fb Fkêq`jso Dqefmsjmo db

qfòqcdq fpsd efpsd" cfpfd cfkdq fxyqfpdcd pv eqdsjsvc‗-

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:0

Fmsqf~jpsdgop d Fmqjtvf Edq`çd" d `dqeo cf bop Sdbbfqfp cfYqocv``jðm cf @jfeop" vaj`dco fm H- Zqjeozfm 1869" fm fb adqqjo cf

Om`f- Fpsd Jmpsjsv`jðm cfyfmcf cf bd Pf`qfsdqçd Md`jomdb cf Mjôf{" Dcobfp`fm`jd z Ndgjbjd" z fm fb dôo 4:81 òbdaoqdqom òm jmpvgopyqocv`jcop yoq fpsop sdbbfqfp-

‐Deqdcf{ò fpsd fmsqf~jpsd" tvf yfqgjsf hd`fq òmo`fq bdpd`sj~jcdcfp cf fpsop Sdbbfqfp cf Yqocv``jðm ydqd @jfeop" oqedmjpgonvmcdco fm 4:3>-

D`svdbgfmsf fp vm oqedmjpgo cf dadpsf`jgjfmso jmsfqmo cf bdPf`qfsdqjd" fm ybdmfp cf gocfqmj{d`jðm z dgybjd`jðm cf d`sj~jcdcfp-Pf cfpfgyfôdm yfqpomdp `jfedp òm bd òbdaoqd`jðm z ydqsj`jyd`jðmcf yfqpomdp òm ~jpsd" tvf aqjmcdm dyozo z dpjpsfm`jd" fm bdp sdqfdpqfdbj{dcdp yoq cjp`dyd`jsdcop ~jpvdbfp- Fmsqf osqop" fxjpsfm sdbbfq cfqf`sjbçmfd o sdbbfq cf òpsvqd z fb sdbbfq cf sfbdqfp-

Cvqdmsf fb òmj`so cf Gdb~jmdp fpsv~jfqom fm bd efpsjðm cfb

oqedmjpgo" yqjgfqo fb Pq- Qogäm Qocqçevf{ Eämcdqd" z bvfeo Dcobno Dvbbfqo- Bop sdbbfqfp òmnf``jomdqom òb`homfsdp" gdmsdp" nqd{dcdp"`hdbfòp z" poaqf soco" bdp yqfmcdp cf daqjeo ydqd bop ògadsjfmsfpcf Gdb~jmdp-

Fb yfqpomdb sqdadkð d`sj~dgfmsf ydqd bd òmnf``jðm cf fpdp

Qfyoqsdkf d Fmqjtvf Edq`çd+

+ Sfpsjgomjo qfòejco yoq Dbj`jd @op`jd (Cfbfed`jðm PFMDN*

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yqfmcdp- Pf pvgð cf fpsd gdmfqd db dyoqsf tvf soco fb yvfabo dqefm'sjmo fnf`sûo fm bd bdaoq cf dpjpsfm`jd z cf dyozo d bop ògadsjfmsfp-

‐¿Bd qoyd cf daqjeo fqd sfkjcd?

‐Pç" bd qoyd cf daqjeo fqd sfkjcd sosdbgfmsf yoq yfqpomdp `jf'edp- Pf vsjbj{dqom sfkjcop òmnf``jomdcop fm fb sdbbfq cf sfbdqfp z sdg'ajêm ydôop cf nqd{dcdp" òm bop `vdbfp pf òmnf``jomdadm bop `hdbf'òp ydqd gdzoq daqjeo-

‐¿Sjfmf jcfd cf bd `dmsjcdc tvf pf yqocvko?‐Mo fxd`sdgfmsf" yfqo nvf vmd jgyoqsdmsf `dmsjcdc" zd tvf

pf fnf`svdqom hdpsd hoqdp fxsqdp ydqd yocfq `vgybjq òm fb ftvjyd'

gjfmso pobj`jsdco- Qf`vfqco tvf fm fpf fmsom`fp fb sdbbfq cf qf`sjbçmfdsfmçd 45 defmsfp" gäp socop bop tvf òbdaoqdqom z dyoqsdqom cf osqopsdbbfqfp cf fpsd gjpgd jmpsjsv`jðm" bbfedqom d pfq gäp cf 69 yfqpomdpdao`dcdp d fpsd bdaoq pobjcdqjd-

‐¿Fm `vdmso d bdp òb`homfsdp tvf pf fm~jdadm d Gdb~jmdpcomcf pf hd`çdm?

‐Bdp gjpgdp pf òmnf``jomdadm fm fb sdbbfq cf òb`homfqçd-

Sosdbgfmsf cf bdmd" ydqd dgoqsjevdq fb nqço jmsfmpo tvf pdaçdgop yd'cf`çdm bop pobcdcop fm fb pvq-

‐¿Sv~jfqom dbeûm qfòmo`jgjfmso yoq fpsd bdaoq?‐Pf qfpdbsð bd òbdaoqd`jðm cf bop sdbbfqfp cf `jfeop fm fpsd

pjsvd`jðm- Zd mdbj{dcd bd evfqqd" z òm pv sqäejò cfpfmbd`f" pf qf`j'ajð fb pdbvco ~fqadb yoq ydqsf cfb Gjmjpsfqjo- Mo hvao mdcd fp`qjso-

Yfqo nvf vm hf`ho tvf" yoq bo gfmop" ògo vmd yftvfôd

yfqbd fmsqf sdmsop dyoqsfp" evqð bd òmsqjav`jðm cf vm oqedmjpgo fp'sdsdb fm fb tvf pf cfpfgyfôdadm yfqpomdp ̀ jfedp" bop sqdadkdcoqfp cfSdbbfqfp cf Yqocv``jðm" tvjfmfp bo hj`jfqom òm gv`hd nvfq{d z gv`hofgyfôo" ~o`d`jðm pobjcdqjd z ydsqjosjpgo-

Njmdbgfmsf qfòqcdqê dbevmop mogaqfp cf dtvfbbop defmsfp`jfeop tvf fm noqgd pjbfm`jopd z dmðmjgd òbdaoqdqom fm dtvfb go'gfmso òm eqdm nfq~oq; Bjqjd Dpsvqjbbo" Efmo~f~d Sdabd" Afssz Hfqqfqd"Qopd Avpsdgdmsf" F~d Bfp`dmo" Fnqdjm [dmfs z Qopd Dpsvmo- Nvfqom

dbevmop cf bop sdmsop tvf sqdadkdqom ̀ omnf``jomdmco yqfmcdp tvf bvf'

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eo pf fm~jdqom db pvq ydqd dgoqsjevdq fb nqço z aqjmcdq mvfpsqo dyozo z`dboq hvgdmo d bop pobcdcop tvf nvfqom d Gdb~jmdp-

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:5

‐Poz Fcvdqco Hfqmämcf{" ~fsfqdmo cf Gdb~jmdp- Gf so`ð jq d Gdb~jmdp gjfmsqdp hd`çd fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq oabjedsoqjo- Hdaçd yfcjco

yqðqqoed fm bd vmj~fqpjcdc- Fm fpf fmsom`fp sfmçdm bd oabjed`jðm cfhd`fq fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq vmd ~f{ tvf pf qf`jaçdm" fpf nvf gj `dpo z bohj`f ̀ om fb eqdco cf Pvasfmjfmsf Gêcjò dqs- 45 yqo~jpoqjo- Gf dpjemd'qom ògo cfpsjmo fb Hopyjsdb Gjbjsdq cf @ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd-

QFEJOMDB GFMCO[D+

Fm fb gdqò cf bd Nfqjd cfb Bjaqo cf Gfmco{d 1949" comcf mvfpsqdQfejomdb ydqsj`jyd òm vm Psdmc cfpcf hd`f cop dôop" pf yqfpfmsð fbbjaqo Gdb~jmdp-

Fm fb d`so" tvf qfvmjð d 199 yfqpomdp" pf hj`jfqom yqfpfmsfp fb Cjqf`soq cfb YDGJ (^fsfqdmo cf Gdb~jmdp* z fb Yqfpjcfmsf cfb Jmpsjsvso cf ^jsj~j'

mj`vbsvqd" tvjfm comð fb ~jmo ydqd fb aqjmcjp-

Fm vm `bjgd cf fgo`jðm z qfpyfso pf fmsqfedqom gfcdbbdp d bop ~fsf'qdmop-

Hdz tvf cfpsd`dq bd bdaoq cf bdp @ogydôfqdp Eqd`jfbd Eqoppj z ^j~jdmMdq`jpo" ògo bd cf bop cfgäp jmsfeqdmsfp cf bd Qfejomdb- Dcfgäp"fbbdp dyoqsdqom fpsop sfpsjgomjop- @om`vqqjð d cj`hd yqfpfmsd`jðm bdPf`qfsdqjd cf @vbsvqd" Yvabj`d`jomfp z @dyd`jsd`jðm cf Pf``jomdb @d'

yjsdb" @ogydôfqd Bfsj`jd Gdmdvsd-

YDGJFmsqf~jpsd db Cq- Fcvdqco Hfqmämcf{Cjqf`soq YDGJ GFMCO[D

+ Sfpsjgomjop qfòejcop yoq ^j~jdm Mdq`jpo

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GDB^JMDP

:8

Db mdbj{dq fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq fb 04 cf gdq{o" gf cdm bd oqcfmcf jq d Gdb~jmdp- Fqd fb cçd 1 cf daqjb" pjfmco dpç fb yqjgfq gêcjò cfbfkêq`jso tvf bbfeð d Gdb~jmdp z bo hj`jgop fm vm Hêq`vbfp-

Bbfedgop òm fb eqvyo cf ògdmco Eqvyo cf Oyfqd`jomfpFpyf`jdbfp (EOF* cf Dfqomävsj`d" hj`jgop vm dsfqqj{dkf cf dpdbso fmdtvfbbd gdcqvedcd cfb 1 cf daqjb z dbbç yfqgdmf`ç fm bd jpbd hdpsd fbmdb cf bd evfqqd" `vdmco nvj yqjpjomfqo-

Cvqdmsf soco fb òmj`so aêbjò fpsv~f fm Gdb~jmdp" nvf vmdfxyfqjfm`jd cvqd" fgo`jomdbgfmsf gvz ògybfkd" òm pjsvd`jomfp bç'gjsfp fm noqgd yfqgdmfmsf" òm soco bo tvf fp bd `qjpjp cf fpsdq fmvmd evfqqd- Pvgdco d bd ndbsd cf fxyfqjfm`jd gêcj`d fm pjsvd`jðm cf

ògadsf- Db yqjm`jyjo sv~jgop gv`hdp ftvj~o`d`jomfp" pdbçdgop d avp'

`dq d bop hfqjcop fm ybfmo aogadqcfo ̀ opd tvf mvm`d pf hd`f yoqtvfhdz tvf fpyfqdq d tvf `fpf fb nvfeo ydqd yocfq jq d avp`dqbop zd tvfhvao oyoqsvmjcdcfp fm tvf bdp omcdp fxydmpj~dp mop cjfqom ~vfbsd~dqjdp dgavbdm`jdp" fm osqdp o`dpjomfp bop hfqjcop fqdm sqdçcop cjqf`'sdgfmsf db hopyjsdb-

Moposqop sv~jgop tvf oqedmj{dqmop ydqd avp`dq fb bvedq tvfsv~jfqd bdp òmcj`jomfp cf o`jdq cf hopyjsdb fp dpç tvf òm fb Gdzoq Gfcjò @f~dbbop fmòmsqdgop vmd òmpsqv``jðm d yvmso cf pfq jmdv'evqdcd tvf fqd vm òbfejo ydqd jmsfqmdcop tvf pf fmòmsqdad d 499gfsqop cf bd `dpd cfb eoafqmdcoq z dbbç bo tvf nvfqom bdp dvbdp" pdbðmcf d`sop" bd~dmcfqçd" coqgjsoqjop" pf dòmcj`jomdqom ydqd hopyjsdb" zdtvf òmsdad òm jmnqdfpsqv`svqd cf `dbcfqdp" bv{" devd-

Cvqdmsf fb yqjgfq gfp cf bd evfqqd oqedmj{dgop pjfsf tvjqð'

ndmop efmfqdbfp z sqfp jmcj~jcvdbfp" sv~jgop vmd d`sj~jcdc yqf~fmsj~dzd tvf dbbç yqfydqdgop bop tvjqðndmop" bdp pdbdp ydqd hfqjcop op`v'qf`jgjfmso cf socdp bdp ~fmsdmdp z fgyf{dgop d sfmfq d`sj~jcdc cfevfqqd qf`jêm fb yqjgfqo cf gdzo tvf fp `vdmco dòmsf`f fb yqjgfq aogadqcfo" fm fpd gdcqvedcd ̀ ogfm{dqom d ̀ dfq fmsqf 09 z 39 hf'qjcop yoq sdmcd-

D gfcjcd tvf bd evfqqd d~dm{dad sv~jgop tvf oqedmj{dqmopbop 39 gêcjòp" z fb yfqpomdb dvxjbjdq cf fmnfqgfqçd" ydqd yocfq cdq vm

gfkoq pfq~j`jo db ògydôfqo hfqjco- D fpsf `fmsqo bf cjgop fb mogaqf

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

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@JGG (@fmsqo Jmsfqnvfq{d Gêcjò Gdb~jmdp*" zd tvf dbbç fpsdadm bdpsqfp nvfq{dp dqgdcdp-

Bo gäp cqdgäsjò tvf ~j~ç nvf `vdmco sv~jgop tvf jq fm hfbj'

`ðysfqo d avp`dq hfqjcop d osqop bvedqfp cf bd jpbd ̀ om bd jm`fqsjcvgaqftvf pjemj`d pdbjq d bd gdcqvedcd z ̀ vdmco mo pf qfpyfsdadm sdgyoòbdp bfzfp cf evfqqd" zd tvf d yfpdq cf pfq vm hfbj`ðysfqo òm bd `qv{qokd sfmjd gdq`dp cf jgyd`sop cf adbd-

Osqo gogfmso cjnç`jb nvf sdgajêm fb cqdgd cf bop ûbsjgop cçdpcf bd evfqqd tvf nvf bd adsdbbd mdb" bd ̀ vdb nvf gvz sqäej`d zd tvf fqdmgv`hçpjgop `hjòp cf 48 dôop tvf ~fmçdm eqjsdmco cf coboq- Bbfeð vmgogfmso fm tvf fb hopyjsdb" tvf fpsdad db ̀ ogjfm{o cf bd ̀ jvcdc ydpð

d fpsdq fm yqjgfqd bçmfd cf nvfeo z bdp fptvjqbdp fmsqdadm yoq bdp ~fm'sdmdp hjqjfmco d bop yd`jfmsfp qf`jêm dsfmcjcop tvf pf fmòmsqdadm fmfpdp pdbdp- Qf`vfqco tvf ydpdgop 51 hoqdp oyfqdmco pjm cfp`dmpdq-Fpo nvf fmsqf fb 49 z fb 43 cf kvmjo" vm ~jfqmfp" päadco z cogjmeo- Fbbvmfp nvf bd qfmcj`jðm-

Sv~jgop tvf bv`hdq òm bd ndbsd cf boeçpsj`d- Fm vm gfp dcfb'ed`ê 45 ljbop" bd pjsvd`jðm mvfpsqd fm fb hopyjsdb fqd gvz yqf`dqjd yoq bd ndbsd cf dbjgfmsop" mo dpç òm bop jmpvgop hopyjsdbdqjop" zd tvf hd'

açdgop hf`ho vm avfm dòyjo cf gdsfqjdb cfpcf fb hopyjsdb cf @o'gocoqo Qj~dcd~jd" fm fpf pfmsjco fm bd ydqsf gêcj`d mo ndbsð mdcdyoqtvf pf hdaçdm pvgdco bdp sqfp nvfq{dp< sfmçdgop dydqdsop òg'ybfkop" ftvjyop cf qdzop x" qdcjoeqdnçd" fpsvcjop ̀ dqcjdòp" ̀ dgjbbdp cfoyfqd`jomfp" tvjqðndmop" gfpdp cf dmfpsfpjd" f`ðeqdnop" z gv`hopjmpvgop cfp`dqsdabfp-

¿@ðgo mop qf`jajfqom bop lfbyfqp? Cvqdmsf fb gfp cf daqjb"

gjfmsqdp mo hvao ̀ omj`sop aêbjòp" sqdadkdadm ̀ omkvmsdgfmsf bop lfb'yfqp z pobcdcop fm bdp jmpsjsv`jomfp yûabj`dp cf Gdb~jmdp" yoq fkfgybo"fm fb @oqqfo" Sfbfògvmj`d`jomfp" yfqo pjfgyqf hvao vm qf`hd{o cfydqsf cf fbbop- Nvjgop qf`hd{dcop fm socop bop ägajsop" ̀ om sqdso gvz

cfpdeqdcdabf yoq pv ydqsf" mo mop tvfqçdm" sdmso fp dpç tvf bbfeð vmgogfmso tvf fpdp o`jmdp nvfqom gdmfkdcdp yoq sqoydp dqefmsjmdppobdgfmsf-

ôb~fq nvf vmd fxyfqjfm`jd cf bd tvf mvm`d gf ~oz d ob~jcdq-

Zo sfmçd bd jgdefm tvf mop jadm d qf`jajq gvz gdb fm fb sfqqjsoqjo" ~ob~ç

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GDB^JMDP

499

ògo yqjpjomfqo fm fb @dgafqqd" vm sqdpdsbämsjò cf bvko" z mop cfkdqomfm Yvfqso Gdcqzm" dbbç fm fb yvfqso cf Dbvdq tvf fp vm yvfqso cf devdpyqonvmcdp" dyso ydqd fpsf sjyo cf md~çop" êqdgop 6999 yqjpjomfqop cfevfqqd" ~fmçdgop dbevmop hfqjcop- Mop fpsdadm fpyfqdmco ògyd'

ôfqop gjbjsdqfp z cf dbbç mop sqdpbdcdqom d vm edbyðm fm fb `fmsqo cf bd`vjcdc" bvfeo fm vm òbf`sj~o mop bbf~dadm db bvedq comcf yfqsfmf`çd`dcd vmo" fm gj `dpo fb cfpsjmo fqd @ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd- Moposqop`qfçdgop tvf db yfqcfq bd evfqqd bd efmsf mo mop jad d qf`jajq ajfm"yfqo `vdmco cfpcf fb yvfqso Dbvdq mop bbf~dm d Yvfqso Gdcqzm tvfpom vm sqdzf`so cf vmop 49 lg gäp o gfmop" fgyf{ð d pdbjq bd efmsfcf pv cogj`jbjo òm ydôvfbop abdmòp z mop pdbvcdadm dejsdmco fpopydôvfbop" hd`jfmco ~j~dp hd`jd bop pobcdcop- Fpd nvf bd pjsvd`jðm gäp

cjnç`jb tvf hoz gf pjevf fgo`jomdmco-

Moposqop qfp`dsdgop yoq poaqf socdp bd òpdp fb ~dboq cfbpobcdco dqefmsjmo" dtvfb pobcdco tvf gvqjð yfmpdmco tvf fpsdad cf'nfmcjfmco pv ydsqjd" pv sfqqjsoqjo- Fpf pobcdco tvf cfkð pv `vfqyo fmGdb~jmdp fp fb ògyqogjpo gdzoq tvf moposqop sfmfgop ydqd sfmfq yqfpfmsf pjfgyqf bd jcfd tvf bdp Gdb~jmdp pom mvfpsqdp- Hvao gv`hdpdmeqf cfqqdgdcd tvf bv`hð yoq qf`vyfqdqbdp" pj ajfm fp `jfqso tvfbd gfsocoboeçd z fb gogfmso hjpsðqjò tvf pf vsjbj{ð" yfqpomdbgfmsfmo bo ògydqso" qfòmo{ò fb ~dboq cf bo tvf pjemj`d- D socop bop pob'cdcjsop tvf bv`hdqom cfnfmcjfmco òm gv`ho òqdkf fpdp jpbdp fp bogäp sqdp`fmcfmsf tvf qfp`dso" bo cfgäp `qfo tvf nvf vm oyoqsvmjpgoyobçsjò cf vm eoajfqmo cj`sdsoqjdb tvf hj{o cf fpd `dvpd moabf cf bopdqefmsjmop fb m ydqd yfqyfsvdqpf fm fb yocfq-

Fmsqf~jpsd d Pdmsjdeo Cogçmevf{

‐Gj mogaqf fp Pdmsjdeo Cogçmevf{ z gj òmcj`jðm cf fx'ògadsjfmsf cf Gdb~jmdp nvf db hd`fq fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq oabjedsoqjo-

Zo sfmçd 48 dôop `vdmco jmeqfpê db pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq< bd evfqqdgf fmòmsqð ̀ om 4: dôop- Yfqsfmf`çd db Adsdbbðm cf Jmndmsfqçd cf Gdqj'

md M»0 òm dpjfmso fm Bd Ybdsd fm fb dôo 4:84- Gfmco{d sv~o vm eqdm

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

494

òmsjmefmsf tvf jmeqfpð d bd Dqgdcd Dqefmsjmd ydqd `vgybjq òm fpsdoabjed`jðm òmpsjsv`jomdb-

Sv~f bd noqsvmd tvf `vdmco bbfeo d Gdb~jmdp zd sfmçd `dpj vm

dôo cf jmpsqv``jðm" bo tvf gf cjnfqfm`jdad cf osqop ògydôfqop tvfmo sfmçdm vmd jmpsqv``jðm yqf~jd- Fpso gf dzvcð fm gj cfpfgyfôo" zdtvf fpsv~f fm vm fmnqfmsdgjfmso aêbjò comcf zo fqd kfnf cf vm yfbo'sðm cf bd Jmndmsfqçd cf Gdqjmd" dvm sfmjfmco 4: dôop-

Bd gjsdc cfb adsdbbðm 0 nvjgop d bd `dyjsdb cf Gdb~jmdp fb 5

cf daqjb- Cf fpd gjsdc" vmd nqd``jðm pf tvfcð fm Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo zfb qfpso nvf fm~jdco d vmd jpbd bbdgdcd Aoqaðm" tvf fpsä nqfmsf d bd

Eqdm Gdb~jmd" d bd fmsqdcd cfb fpsqf`ho cf Pdm @dqbop" yoq comcf fbbopjmeqfpdqom ydqd hd`fq `daf`fqd cf ybdzd- Moposqop fpsv~jgop gvz`fq`d cf fpf bvedq" mvfpsqd gjpjðm fqd ̀ vpsocjdq vmd yjpsd cf dsfqqj{dkfz f~jsdq tvf nvfqd ûsjb ydqd bop jmebfpfp fm `dpo cf tvf fbbop sogdqdmfpf bvedq- Cf hf`ho nvf dpç" moposqop sv~jgop sqfp cfpfgadqòp fnf`'

sj~op cf eqvyop ̀ ogdmcop aqjsämjòp PDP" yqonfpjomdbfp cf bd evfqqd zsfmjfmco fm `vfmsd bd jmgjmfmsf jm~dpjðm fm fpsf pf`soq pf cfsfqgjmð~obdq bd yjpsd cf dsfqqj{dkf d bop fnf`sop cf tvjsdqbf vsjbjcdc db fmfgjeo-

D ydqsjq cf fpf gogfmso ydpo d pfq yqjpjomfqo cf evfqqd" hdpsd tvf fb4> cf kvbjo cfpfgadqò fm fb yvfqso cf Dbvdq fm Yvfqso Gdcqzm- Dbf'

kdmcqo Pdaf{ fqd vmo cf bop jmsfeqdmsfp cf gj yfbosðm- ̂ ob~jgop kvmsopdb òmsjmfmsf-

Fb 1 cf daqjb zo fpsdad fm bd Ybd{d cf Gdzo" fm Avfmop Djqfp"~jfmco ògo fb yvfabo dqefmsjmo òm socd fpd dbedqdaçd (yoqtvf mopqfòmo`fgop ̀ ogo ̀ jvcdcdmop fxjsjpsd z sqjvmndbjpsd*" d~dbdad bd qf`v'yfqd`jðm cf Gdb~jmdp- Fb yvfabo pf fxyqfpð d nd~oq cf fpd cf`jpjðm"

d yfpdq cf bop efpsoqfp- Yoq fpo cjeo tvf fpso fp vmd qfpyompdajbjcdcògydqsjcd yoqtvf" pj ajfm mvm`d dcgjsç bd cj`sdcvqd tvf gf bbf~ð dbd evfqqd" sdgajêm bd efmsf yqoyj`jð fpso òm pv dyozo" dvmtvf nvfqdòm vmd ~obvmsdc ydsqjðsj`d" òm vmd jcfmsjcdc tvf jm`bvpo poqyqfmcf"yfqo tvf cvqd gvz yoò- Fmsom`fp ~fp fb òmsqdpsf; bd dbedqdaçd cfb 1cf daqjb cf 4:81 òm bd jmcjnfqfm`jd cfb 43 cf kvmjo `vdmco sfqgjmd fb

òmj`so z ~ob~jgop db òmsjmfmsf bop poaqf~j~jfmsfp-

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

491

Mo hdeo mjmeûm sjyo cf qfyqo`hf hd`jd bd po`jfcdc yoqtvfpj dbeo qfòmo`fgop bop ~fsfqdmop" pj hdz vm pf`soq tvf fpsv~o cfmvfpsqo bdco pjfgyqf" nvf bd efmsf" bd ndgjbjd" yfqo pjm fgadqeo dtvfbhf`ho hjpsðqjò fmsqf fb 1 cf daqjb z fb 43 cf kvmjo gdq`d vm dmsfp z vmcfpyvêp cf bd d`sjsvc cf bd efmsf yoqtvf gv`hop pf djpbdqom cf fpdqfpyompdajbjcdc- D`svð fm fpf gogfmso ògo bo hd`f òm bd pfbf`'

`jðm< pj edmd" nfpsfkdm" pj yjfqcf sf òmcfmdm- Moposqop pvnqjgop fpdòmcfmd po`jdb z bd cfb fpsdco nvmcdgfmsdbgfmsf" yoq fpo fp fb cçdcf hoz tvf fpsdgop bv`hdmco mo pðbo yoq vmd `dvpd pjmo sdgajêm yoq mf`fpjcdcfp vqefmsfp tvf socd~çd fxjpsfm" yoq fkfgybo" bd pdbvc gfm'sdb-

Aäpj`dgfmsf bdp mf`fpjcdcfp cf hoz cf tvjfmfp tvfcdqomòm ~jcd pf `fmsqdm fx`bvpj~dgfmsf fm fb sfgd cf bd pdbvc gfmsdb" fbfpsqêp yopsqdvgäsjò cf evfqqd" ydqd fb tvf fb fpsdco socd~çd mo hdcfsfqgjmdco vmd yobçsj`d cf òmsfm`jðm- Db ~fsfqdmo bf yvfcfm ydedq

49 yfmpjomfp ̀ om vm gomso jgyoqsdmsf yfqo mo mf`fpjsd yvmsvdbgfmsf

fpo- Bf pjq~f" ògo mop pjq~jð d socop ydqd fpsdajbj{dqmop fòmðgj`d'

gfmsf" yfqo bop 899 pvj`jcjop yopsfqjoqfp db òmj`so cj`f d bdp `bdqdp

tvf fb yqoabfgd mo fp fòmðgjò pobdgfmsf" pjmo tvf dbevmop mo hdmboeqdco qfjmpfqsdqpf fm sjfgyo z fm noqgd ydqd gfkoqdq pvp òmcj`jo'

mfp fgo`jomdbfp z gfmsdbfp-

Cfpyvêp cf òm`bvjco fb òmj`so pf ~vfb~f db òmsjmfmsf fm

òmcj`jomfp jmdcgjpjabfp" sqdsdmco cf qf`vyfqdq bd cjemjcdc z bd jmsf'

eqjcdc ògo pfq hvgdmo yoqtvf bd evfqqd sf tvjsd socop fpop ~dbo'

qfp-

Pogop 45-999 ~fsfqdmop cf evfqqd tvf qf~fpsjgop bd òmcj'

`jðm cf fxògadsjfmsfp fm soco fb ydçp" tvf fpsv~jgop adko fnf`sj~dp

d``jomfp aêbj`dp cf ògadsf- Hdeo fpsd d`bdqd`jðm yoqtvf hdz vm

eqvyo tvf fpsv~o go~jbj{dco db pvq cfb òmsjmfmsf yfqo mo ydqsj`jyð

cf bd evfqqd yqoyjdgfmsf cj`hd" z yoq bo sdmso mo pom òmpjcfqdcop

~fsfqdmop cf evfqqd- Fbbop fpsäm hoz qf`bdgdmco cfqf`hop yfqo mo

yjcfm vm qfòmo`jgjfmso cjnfqfm`jdb òm qfpyf`so db tvf fpsv~o fm fb

nqfmsf cf adsdbbd< yqfsfmcfm tvf bfp òqqfpyomcdm mvfpsqdp bfzfp- Hdz

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

490

vmd `vfpsjðm cf jmsfqêp yfqpomdb" jmcj~jcvdbjpgo" z pf dsqf~fm d hd`fq fpso" yoqtvf mo pdafm bo tvf fp bd evfqqd" mo pdafm `ðgo fp bo tvfmop so`ð ~j~jq d moposqop-

Fb nfmðgfmo cf pvj`jcjop qfpyomcf d vmd ydsoboeçd tvf pfcfmogjmd fpsqêp yopsqdvgäsjò- Mo fp fx`bvpj~jcdc cf bop fxòg'adsjfmsfp" fpso bo ~j~fm socdp bdp yfqpomdp tvf hdm fpsdco db bçgjsfcf dbeo< d moposqop mop so`ð bd evfqqd" tvf nvf vm hf`ho òm`qfso-

Dbevmop aqjsämjòp cj`fm tvf nvf vmd d``jðm cf evfqqd- Moposqop bodpvgjgop ògo vm hf`ho cf evfqqd- Yoq fpd gjpgd qd{ðm fp tvf bopaqjsämjòp sjfmfm tvf qfpyomcfq db `qjgfm yoq fb hvmcjgjfmso cfb @qv'

`fqo Efmfqdb Afbeqdmo" zd tvf fp vm `qjgfm cf evfqqd" mo vm hf`hodjpbdco" pjmo tvf fp vm hf`ho yfqefôdco cfmsqo cf vm òmsfxso cf vmddefmcd aêbj`d-

Hdz ~dqjdp cfgdmcdp d`svdbgfmsf tvf pf hdm hf`ho d mj~fbjmsfqmd`jomdb yoq ydqsf cf bop ndgjbjdqfp cf `dçcop fm Gdb~jmdp- Fpsd

ògjpjðm sqdadkd ̀ om socdp bdp oqedmj{d`jomfp cfb ydçp" z moposqop noq'gdgop ydqsf cf fpd ògjpjðm- Zo poz d`svdbgfmsf Yqfpjcfmsf cf bddeqvyd`jðm cf Gfmco{d-

‐Hdp ~vfbso d Gdb~jmdp dògydôdmco d dbeûm ndgjbjdq?

‐Mo" mo bo hf hf`ho yfqo yoq vmd cf`jpjðm yqoyjd- Hf bbfed'co d Sjfqqd cfb Nvfeo" bop hf bbf~dco z sqdpbdcdco òm soco gj dnf`soyoqtvf ògyqfmco tvf fbbop sjfmfm vmd mf`fpjcdc jgyfqjopd cf ~fq fb bvedq cf bop qfpsop cf pvp pfqfp tvfqjcop- Yfqo bd gdzoqçd cf bop~fsfqdmop cf evfqqd hfgop cf`jcjco mo ~jdkdq yoqtvf mop jgyomfm fb

ydpdyoqsf" z fpso pfqçd bo gjpgo tvf fmsqdq d gj `dpd yjcjfmco yfqgj'po-

‐@vämsop gfmco`jmop hdm tvfcdco dbbä fm bdp Jpbdp?

‐@jm`vfmsd" bd gdzoqçd cf Nvfq{d Dêqfd" 59& yjbosop z fb qfp'so pobcdcop cfb Fkêq`jso-

D ̀ dpj 09 dôop cfb ̀ omj`so yvfco cf`jq tvf fb yfqjoco cf yopsevfqqd" yoq bo gfmop fm gj fxyfqjfm`jd yfqpomdb" gf pjemj`ð vm coboq z vm fpnvfq{o pvyfqjoq db tvf sv~f tvf ~j~jq fm bdp jpbdp- Fpsoz cj`jfmco

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GDB^JMDP

493

tvf yqoadabfgfmsf fb ̀ omj`so mo gf sqdko sdmsdp ̀ ompf`vfm`jdp ̀ ogofb yfqjoco cf yopevfqqd yoq bd jmcjnfqfm`jd- Yoqtvf fb fpsdco mo pf hd'`çd `dqeo" yoqtvf sv~jgop tvf jq d eobyfdq yvfqsdp tvf mo pf daqçdmmvm`d- Hfgop sfmjco tvf efmfqdq mvfpsqd yqoyjd bfejpbd`jðm" bdp bfzfp

tvf dgydqdm d bop ~fsfqdmop cf evfqqd cf soco fb ydçp pom fb qfpvbsd'co cf bd d``jðm cjqf`sd cf bop yqoyjop jmsfqfpdcop- Mdcjf ~jmo fm noqgdfpyomsämfd d cf`jqmop; ‐‒Gv`hd`hop" tvê mf`fpjsdm?‗- Moposqop mopsv~jgop tvf jgyomfq- Pf sqdsð fm bdp bfejpbdsvqdp yqo~jm`jdbfp o fm fbòmeqfpo md`jomdb" z yoq pvfqsf sv~jgop fb dyozo cf nvm`jomdqjop z cfbd po`jfcdc ydqd yocfq òmpfevjq bo tvf hoz sfmfgop-

Bd hjpsoqjd mo bd yocfgop `dgajdq" gäp dbbä cf bop efpsoqfp"d tvjfmfp yocfgop cfgdmcdq yfqo mo yocfgop cfp~jqsvdq bd hjpsoqjd-Pj mo qfòmo`fgop bd hjpsoqjd mo mop qfòmo`fgop ògo `jvcdcdmopòm vmd jcfmsjcdc" tvf bd cfafgop cfgopsqdq ̀ osjcjdmdgfmsf fm ̀ vdb'tvjfq `dvpd" mo pðbo cfpcf fb yvmso cf ~jpsd cf bd poafqdmçd" pjmo fmbd cf bop kvajbdcop" cf bop co`fmsfp z cf bop sqdadkdcoqfp-

Yoq fpo zo mo yfqgjso bbdgdqgf fxògadsjfmsf yoqtvf socd'~çd pjeo bv`hdmco yoq bd `dvpd z yoq qf`vyfqdq vm sfqqjsoqjo tvf mopfp yqoyjo- Moposqop qgdgop vm ògyqogjpo òm mvfpsqop hfqgdmoptvf tvfcdqom fm Gdb~jmdp" pogop bop jmsfqbo`vsoqfp cf fpd eboqjd tvffbbop sv~jfqom yoq cfnfmcfq mvfpsqo sfqqjsoqjo-

@OMJ@FSFmsqf~jpsd d Dcdbafqso Nfqbjso

Yfqpomdb cf Dyozo fm fb Jmpsjsvso Dqefmsjmo cf Mj~oboeçd" Ebd`jo'boeçd z @jfm`jdp Dgajfmsdbfp

‐Fm fb dôo 4:81" `vdmco fb eoajfqmo cf`jcf sogdq bdp jpbdpGdb~jmdp yoq bdp dqgdp" zo fpsdad fm vmd fpsd`jðm cf pdb~dgfmso cfYvfqso Afbeqdmo ̀ ogo av{o yqonfpjomdb cf bd Gdqjmd- Pf cfpsjmd efmsfd cjnfqfmsfp adqòp tvf jadm d yqfpsdq pfq~j`jop ògo dvxjbjdqfp- Zogf fgadqò fm vmo cf fbbop-

Fm Gdzo" fm bd nf`hd fm tvf nvfqd hvmcjco fb @qv`fqo Efmfqdb

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Afbeqdmo" fpsäadgop d 69 gjbbdp db pvcofpsf cf Gdb~jmdp ydsqvbbdmcofm bd aûptvfcd cf vmd adbpd tvf bbf~dad poaqf~j~jfmsfp cf vm dsdtvffm Gomsf Lfms- Pf sqdsdad cf vm aogadqcfqo @dgafqqd cf mvfpsqdNvfq{d Dêqfd" tvf hdaçd pjco cfqqjadco- Çadgop d bd aûptvfcd cf

fpsf yjboso `vdmco nvjgop jmsfq`fysdcop yoq vm hfbj`ðysfqo jmebêp-

Qf`vfqco tvf fqd bd gdcqvedcd z tvf hdaçd vm sfgyoqdb jg'yqfpjomdmsf- Fb hfbj`ðysfqo mop fmno`dad ̀ om nvfqsfp qff`soqfp" ̀ vdm'co pf mop oqcfmð `vaqjq bop yvfpsop cf ̀ ogadsf" z ̀ dpj jmgfcjdsdgfm'sf pvfmd bd dbdqgd cf ògadsf- Nvf fm fpf gjpgo gogfmso fm tvfpf dydedqom bdp bv`fp z fm fpd op`vqjcdc fm gfcjo cf vm sfgyoqdbnvjgop dsd`dcop yoq cop gjpjbfp tvf jgyd`sdqom" vmo fm bd adbpd cf

qfp`dsf z fb osqo fm fb yvfmsf" cfpsqvzêmcobo z gdsdmco o`ho sqjyvbdm'sfp" jm`bvjco fb ògdmcdmsf- Tvfcd d `dqeo cfb md~ço fb pfevmco fmgdmco fb Sfmjfmsf Sqfko" tvf sdgajêm fpsdad gvz gdbhfqjco-

Bd md~f tvfcd d bd cfqj~d" d op`vqdp" cdmco ~vfbsdp fm `çq`v'bop yoqtvf fpsdad pjm eoajfqmo- Nvm`jomdadm bdp gätvjmdp" qf`vfqcotvf bdp fp`v`hdad" yfqo fpsäadgop pjm bv`fp z fm~vfbsop fm vm cfpoq'cfm cf eqjsop- Sfmçd qosvqdp jgyoqsdmsfp" jmeqfpdad devd yoq socopbdcop z bdp obdp fqdm gvz eqdmcfp fm gfcjo cf fpd sfgyfpsdc- Socop

dzvcäadgop" sqdsdmco cf avp`dq bd gdmfqd cf gdmsfmfqmop d osfyoqtvf fb devd fqd gvz nqçd- Mo çadgop d yocfq poaqf~j~jq fm fpf gdq sdm dejsdco z qf~vfbso- Fpsv~jgop cop cçdp d bd cfqj~d" òmsqobdmco fbjm`fmcjo z qfcv`jfmco fb jmeqfpo cfb devd-

Db sfq`fq cçd mop cfp`vaqf vm d~jðm cf bd Dqgdcd Dqefmsjmd zpjm yocfq ògvmj`dqmop" cdco tvf mo sfmçdgop qdcjo" mop evçd hd`jdvm md~ço cf cfpfgadqò" Adqò @dao Pdm Dmsomjo" tvf mop qfp`d'

sd- Dpç bbfedgop d Yvfqso Cfpfdco comcf `dcd vmo fp qfcfpsjmdco dosqdp d`sj~jcdcfp cfpyvêp cf qfoqedmj{dqmop- Fb m cf bd evfqqd mopfmòmsqð hd`jfmco ydsqvbbdkfp fm bd {omd cf Yvfqso Afbeqdmo-

@omsjmvê òm bop sqdadkop cf qfp`dsf z pdb~dgfmso comcf pfmf`fpjsdqdm av{op- Vmo cf bop cfpsjmop nvf sdgajêm bd Dmsäqsjcd" yfqofm 4:83 yjco bd adkd ~obvmsdqjd" jmpsdbämcogf òm gj ndgjbjd fm Sjfqqdcfb Nvfeo-

Qfp`dso bd pvfqsf tvf sv~f cf yocfq ~ob~fq fmsfqo" bo tvf gfyfqgjsjð fm`dqdq bd ~jcd yoq gjp yqoyjop gfcjop z sqdadkdq pjm mf`fpjcdc

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cf hd`fq hjm`dyjê fm tvf fqd ~fsfqdmo- @ompfevç sqdadko qäyjcdgfmsf"mo gf nvf cjnç`jb qfjmpfqsdqgf fm bd po`jfcdc" yfqo sdgajêm ̀ ogyqfmcod bop ògydôfqop tvf mo ~ob~jfqom mj ypjòbðej`d mj nçpj`dgfmsf òg'ybfsop z mo yvcjfqom fm`dqdq bd ~jcd cf bd gjpgd gdmfqd" yoqtvf bfp

hdaçdm so`dco ~j~jq z ~fq osqdp òpdp fm Gdb~jmdp tvf cfkdqom hvfbbdpsqäej`dp z yqonvmcdp-

Dbbç fm Vphvdjd mop vmjgop vmop `vdmsop fx ògadsjfmsfpz cf`jcjgop `qfdq vm `fmsqo cf ~fsfqdmop ydqd dzvcdq db tvf gäp bomf`fpjsdad- Dpç pf boeqð qfjmpfqsdq fm bd ~jcd bdaoqdb d gv`hop òg'ydôfqop" dzvcdqbop d fmòmsqdq vmd òmsfm`jðm d tvjfmfp ydcf`çdmyqoabfgdp gêcjòp o ypjòbðejòp- Ydqd fpo pf hj`jfqom òm~fmjop

òm fb eoajfqmo yqo~jm`jdb-Bd vmjðm cfb eqvyo hj{o tvf bd efmsf ~jfqd bd yqoabfgäsj`d cfb

ògadsjfmsf z yvcjfqd hd`fq fnf`sj~d pv dzvcd-

@om gv`ho pd`qj`jo fpsd deqvyd`jðm hj{o vm hfqgopo gomv'gfmso tvf pf qfdbj{ð òm fb dyoqsf cf gv`hd efmsf- Pf òmpsqvzð fmo`ho dôop z nvf vm fpnvfq{o fmoqgf" sdmso fgo`jomdb ògo fòmðgj'ò" zd tvf pf sv~o tvf hd`fq fm aqom`f cdco tvf dbbç" nqfmsf db `dmdbcf Afdebf" cfaçd pfq cf fpf gdsfqjdb ydqd tvf yfqcvqdqd-

Nvj vm ydqsj`jydmsf cf bd evfqqd" vm fpbdaðm gäp- Fb ~fqcdcf'qo ~fsfqdmo cf evfqqd o ògadsjfmsf fp fb tvf fpsv~o `dqd d `dqd òmfb fmfgjeo- Sfmeo sfpsjgomjop cf ògydôfqop tvf sv~jfqom tvf `dbdq vmd adzomfsd ydqd bv`hdq yoq pv ~jcd" z fp d êb d tvjfm zo bf qjmco gjpgäp yqonvmcop qfpyfso z homoq-

Fmsqf~jpsd d Dbfkdmcqo Pdaf{Sê`mjò Dpo`jdco fm Nosoeqdnçd cf Gjp`qoòyçd Fbf`sqðmj`d" Ðy'sj`d z cf Adqqjco yoq @OMJ@FS" cfpdqqobbdmco nvm`jomfp fm bdVmj~fqpjcdc Md`jomdb cf @vzo

‐Bd evfqqd cf Gdb~jmdp gf fm`vfmsqd hd`jfmco fb pfq~j`jo gj'

bjsdq oabjedsoqjo fm fb Adsdbbðm cf Jmndmsfqçd cf Gdqjmd AJG 0 Fmpfmdcd"

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Bd Ybdsd- Gf sqdpbdcdm d Qço Edbbfeop db AJG 6 z cf dbbç mop fm~çdm dbdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp-

Fmsqf fb 1 cf daqjb z fb 43" sogdgop yopj`jðm fm Yvfqso Dqefm'

sjmo òm cfpsjmo db moqsf cf Jpbd Eqdm Gdb~jmd" comcf `vaqjgop vmdyjpsd cf dsfqqj{dkf cf Dfqomävsj`d-

Cfpyvêp cf vm dsdtvf gvz jmsfmpo pf qfdbj{ð fb cfpfgadqòcf bop jmebfpfp- Êqdgop gv`hd`hop tvf mo sfmçdgop fxyfqjfm`jd" zohd`çd cjf{ gfpfp tvf hdaçd ògfm{dco fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq z" yoq bogfmop" sfmçd vm yoò cf jmpsqv``jðm yfqo" yoq fkfgybo" sfmçd vm òg'ydôfqo cf evdqcjd cfb @hdò tvf yqfevmsdad `ðgo hd`çd ydqd `dqedq fb Ndb- Fp tvf sfmçd pðbo cop gfpfp cf jmpsqv``jðm z mo pdaçd `ðgohd`fqbo- Mo sfmçdgop mjmevmd oyoqsvmjcdc-

@vdmso pf qjmcf Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo" mop d~jpdm tvf cfaçdgopqfmcjqmop z ydpdgop d pfq yqjpjomfqop cf evfqqd-

Dbbç mop sv~jfqom tvjm`f cçdp fm vm `dgyo cf òm`fmsqd`jðmfm fb Fpsqf`ho cf Pdm @dqbop" comcf mvfpsqo sqdadko fqd bjgyjdq bdpsqjm`hfqdp tvf fm vm yqjm`jyjo fqdm dqefmsjmdp z cfpyvêp nvfqom jmebf'

pdp-Mop sv~jfqom osqop tvjm`f cçdp" yqjpjomfqop fm vm avtvf yoq'

tvf tvfqçdm tvf fb eoajfqmo dqefmsjmo qgdqd fb `fpf cf hopsjbjcdcfp-Fb eoajfqmo mo bo hd`çd yoqtvf cf`çd tvf mo fqd vmd evfqqd cf`bdqdcdz gjfmsqdp sdmso" d moposqop mop sfmçdm ògo qfhfmfp ydqd tvf qgd'qdm fpf dqqfebo- Êqdgop 399 o`jdbfp cf dbso eqdco z 89 òmp`qjysop-Mo pê d tvê d`vfqco bbfedqom yfqo mop bbf~dqom d Yvfqso Gdcqzm z dbbçmop fmsqfedqom-

Sfmfgop vm jgyoqsdmsf qfòmo`jgjfmso cf ydqsf cfb yvfabodqefmsjmo" yfqo mo sdmso cf ydqsf cf bop cjpsjmsop eoajfqmop- Pogop fmsosdb co`f gjb fxògadsjfmsfp dyqoxjgdcdgfmsf tvf fpsdgop qfòmo'`jcop ògo sdbfp z tvf eo{dgop cf `jfqsop afmf`jop- Dûm sfmfgopvmd dbsd `dmsjcdc cf pvj`jcjop yopsevfqqd- Yoq fkfgybo" fm bo tvf ~dcfb dôo 1944" zd hdz 43 pvj`jcjop" z fpsdgop qf`jêm fm nfaqfqo-

¿@väb fp bd bv`hd hoz? D bop yobçsjòp bfp jmsfqfpd bbdgdqmop

fb 1 cf Daqjb ydqd cdqmop vmd gfcdbbd z vm cjybogd" pd`dqpf nosop òm

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moposqop z mvfpsqdp gfcdbbdp" yfqo d bd hoqd cf hd`fq fnf`sj~o vmo cfbop afmf`jop tvf yoq bfz eo{dgop" pjfgyqf fm`vfmsqdm vmd sqdad" odbeûm yqoabfgd yoq fb ̀ vdb mo yocfgop oasfmfqbo z fpo fp cfpedpsdm'sf-

Bd kvajbd`jðm dmsj`jydcd" yoq fkfgybo" fp ydqd cfsfqgjmdcdpyqo~jm`jdp- Pf fpsä bv`hdmco ydqd tvf pfd md`jomdb yfqo socd~çd mopdbjð- Zo" yoq pvfqsf" sfmeo sqdadko" sfmeo yqozf`sop- Hdz gv`hop ̀ og'ydôfqop tvf mo pdbjfqom ajfm z mf`fpjsdm vm ybdm cf òmsfm`jðm" vmd

kvajbd`jðm dmsj`jydcd o vmd yfmpjðm-

Fb dôo tvf ~jfmf `vgybjgop 09 dôop cf Gdb~jmdp z socd~çd

pfevjgop yfbfdmco" yoq bop tvf fpsäm z yoq bop tvf pf tvfcdqom dbbäfm bdp jpbdp" yoq pvp hjkop z pvp ~jvcdp-

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Pfqejo Coqqfeo" fm daqjb cf 4:81" òm 1> dôop cf fcdc" pfcfpfgyfôdad ògo 1¹ o`jdb cf md~fed`jðm fm vmo cf bop avtvfp cfbd Fgyqfpd Bçmfdp Gdqçsjgdp Dqefmsjmdp (FBGD*" fb Qço @dq`dqdôä" db`vdb pf bf dpjemð bd gjpjðm cf sqdmpyoqsdq ~ç~fqfp" yfqsqf`hop gjbjsdqfpz vmd òhfsfqd @JSFND cfb Fkêq`jso d bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp-

Fb cçd 11 cf daqjb {dqyð cfb Yvfqso cf Avfmop Djqfp- @opsfd'

qom fb bjsoqdb dsbämsjò hdpsd Qço Edbbfeop" z db dgydqo cf bd op`vqdmo`hf dvpsqdb md~fedqom hd`jd fb pvq cf bd Jpbd Eqdm Gdb~jmd" jemoqdm'sfp cfb yfbjeqo tvf bop d`f`hdad" `vdmco fb pvagdqjmo aqjsämjò HGP@omtvfqoq bop d~jpsd" z yjcf dvsoqj{d`jðm d Bomcqfp ydqd dsd`dq" bd ̀ vdbbf fp cfmfedcd- Fb 1 cf gdzo cf 4:81 fpd oqcfm bbfeð ydqd fb dsdtvfdb @qv`fqo DQD Eqdb- Afbeqdmo-

Fb 1> cf daqjb dqqjadm d Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo-

Fb 4¹ cf gdzo cf gdcqvedcd pf yqocv`f fb yqjgfq dsdtvfjmebêp d Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo- Fb Qço @dq`dqdôä bbf~dad fm pv `vajfqsdpvyfqjoq sdgaoqfp cf mdnsd pvyfq" mdnsd ògûm z mdnsd cf d~jðm" òm'~jqsjêmcobo fm vmd fpyf`jf cf sqdgyd goqsdb nqfmsf d bd yopjajbjcdc cfqf`jajq fb gfmoq jgyd`so cfb fmfgjeo- Yoq pfevmcd ~f{" bd yqo~jcfm`jdyqosfejð d socd bd sqjyvbd`jðm z d bd md~f-

Db gfcjocçd" fb Avtvf FBGD Noqgopd" {dqyd òmkvmsdgfmsf

òm fb FBGD Qço @dq`dqdôä hd`jd fb pvq cf bd Jpbd Pobfcdc" `vdmco fp

D bop sqdadkdcoqfp cf FBGD

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dsd`dco" yoq fqqoq" yoq d~jomfp cf bd Nvfq{d Dêqfd Dqefmsjmd- Fb Qço

@dq`dqdôä pf cjqjejð d dpjpsjq db Noqgopd" tvf mo sv~o eqdmcfp cdôop

yvcjfmco bvfeo qfeqfpdq db òmsjmfmsf-

Fb Qço @dq`dqdôä jmeqfpd db fpsqf`ho cf Pdm @dqbop z cfpfg'adq`d bd `dqed òm fb dvxjbjo cf fgadq`d`jomfp gfmoqfp (adqòp cf bd

jpbd `dysvqdcop yoq bd Dqgdcd Dqefmsjmd*" cdco tvf pv eqdm `dbdco mo

bf yfqgjsçd dsqd`dq `dpj fm mjmeûm bvedq- Eqdm ydqsf cf bd `dqed sdg'

ajêm nvf sqdpydpdcd db Avtvf DQD Jpbdp cf bop Fpsdcop-

Bd mo`hf cfb : cf gdzo fb Jpbd cf bop Fpsdcop `qv{d d Yvfqso

Houdqc z fp jmsfq`fysdco yoq vmd nqdedsd aqjsämj`d" bd `vdb bo dsd`d

òm pv ̀ dôðm cf 443 gg- Bd md~f nvf qäyjcdgfmsf ̀ ompvgjcd yoq bdpbbdgdp" cdcd bd ~obdsjbjcdc cf pv `dqed cf ògavpsjabf" yqocv`jêmcopf

bvfeo vmd ~jobfmsd fxybopjðm" sqdp bd `vdb" pf hvmcf fm mo gäp cf 46

gjmvsop- @ogo òmpf`vfm`jd cf bd fxybopjðm" 48 sqjyvbdmsfp qfpvbsd'

qom gvfqsop o cfpdydqf`jcop- Bop ̀ vdsqo poaqf~j~jfmsfp dadmcomdm fb

avtvf fm vmd adbpd" fb @dy- Ydmjedcj" fb 4¹o`jdb Aosdqo" fb òoqcjmd'

coq md~db z fb gdqjmfqo sjgomfb- Pf cfpdsd vm sfgyoqdb z bd adbpd òm

bop poaqf~j~jfmsfp fp dqqdpsqdcd hd`jd gdq dajfqso- Fb `dyjsäm jmsfmsddqqdpsqdq d mdco bd adbpd hd`jd bd òpsd" cfajco d bd hjyosfqgjd yjfqcf

fb òmo`jgjfmso z bvfeo cfpdydqf`f fm bd yqonvmcjcdc cf bdp devdp

hfbdcdp- Fb 4¹ o`jdb" jgjsdmco bd hfqoj`d d``jðm cf pv `dyjsäm boeqd

bbfedq òm bd adbpd d sjfqqd" yfqo ndbbf`f dbbç cf vm dsdtvf `dqcçdò yoq

fb fpnvfq{o z bdp adkdp sfgyfqdsvqdp-

Fb Qço @dq`dqdôä òm pv sqjyvbd`jðm" hdajfmco fmsqfedco zd

pv `dqed" yfqgdmf`f fm Yvfqso Qfz d bd fpyfqd cf mvf~dp ðqcfmfp-Yoq fpop cçdp" `vdbtvjfq md~f dqefmsjmd" òqqçd eqdm yfbjeqo" cdco tvf

bd {omd cf fx`bvpjðm fpsdad `dpj ògybfsdgfmsf `fq`dcd yoq bdp vmj'

cdcfp md~dbfp cf bd Qozdb Md~z z ydsqvbbdcdp yoq bop Hdqqjfq z Pfd

Hdqqjfq-

Fb 4> cf gdzo dbqfcfcoq cf bdp cop cf bd sdqcf qfeqfpdm bop

Pfd Hdqqjfq z hd`fm sqfp ydpdcdp daqjfmco nvfeo òm pvp `dôomfp cf

09gg poaqf bd admcd cf fpsqjaoq cfb adqò-

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Fb hvgfdmsf Qço @dq`dqdôä bvfeo cfb dsdtvf jmebêpz yopsfqjoq dadmcomo-

Bd ~dbjfmsf sqjyvbd`jðm pf qfnvejð fm fb sqomò cf bd fp`dbfqd`fmsqdb cfb adqò" comcf fb nvfeo fmfgjeo mo yvco db`dm{dqbop- Njmdb'gfmsf fb dsdtvf jmebêp `vbgjmd òm fb jgyd`so cf cop aogadp fm bdpdbd cf gätvjmdp" tvf bo cfkd jmvsjbj{dco" z" oabjed db `dyjsäm" d cdq bdoqcfm cfb dadmcomo cf bd md~f-

Gjbdeqopdgfmsf" bop jmfqgfp sqjyvbdmsfp cfb FBGD Qço @dq'`dqdôä" pdbfm jbfpop bvfeo cf hdafq fpsdco sdm `fq`d cf bd gvfqsf" d

gfq`fc cf bop d~jomfp aqjsämjòp- Bop `vdqfmsd z cop db`dm{dm bd òp'sd fm vmd bdm`hd" vm aosf z vmd adbpd" vmo dsdco db osqo" fm vm bvedq ògybfsdgfmsf jmhðpyjso z cfphdajsdco" comcf mj pjtvjfqd hdaçd vmdjmpsdbd`jðm gjbjsdq dqefmsjmd o fmfgjed- Yfqgdmf`fm dbbç poyoqsdmco fbnqço jm`bfgfmsf" òm bd jm`fqsjcvgaqf cf ~ob~fq d pfq ~ç`sjgdp cf osqodsdtvf jmebêp-

Bop sqjyvbdmsfp dadmcomdm fb Qço @dq`dqdôä-

Bd sqjyvbd`jðm cfpfgadq`d cf bop aosfp fm bd òpsd oqjfmsdbcf bd Adhçd Qfz-

Fpd gjpgd mo`hf" vm yftvfôo adqò cf bd jpbd" sogdco yoq

bd Dqgdcd Dqefmsjmd" bbdgdco Noqqfps" bop qfòef z bop bbf~d d AdhçdNox comcf pf fmòmsqdad vmd cosd`jðm cf 199 pobcdcop dqefmsjmop-

Yfqgdmf`fm dbbç hdpsd fb 6 cf kvmjo" poyoqsdmco yqjgfqo" fb aogadq'

cfo dêqfo z" yopsfqjoqgfmsf" fb aogadqcfo md~db cvqdmsf bd mo`hf" fm

tvf zd mo pf yocçd yfqgdmf`fq fm fb `fmsqo cf dtvfb bvedq" z yoq fbbo

cfajfqom vaj`dqpf fm pjsjop comcf `dçd bd ̀ opsd ydqd fpsdq gäp yqosfej'

cop- Dbbç hj`jfqom yo{op ̀ om pvp yqoyjdp gdmop z dbevmdp hfqqdgjfmsdp

tvf fmòmsqdqom" ògo jgyqo~jpdcdp sqjm`hfqdp" tvf" jqðmj`dgfmsf"

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441

bbdgdqom ^jbbd @dq`dqdôä fm hogfmdkf db avtvf tvf nvfqd pv hoedq cvqdmsf fpop cçdp cjnç`jbfp cf md~fed`jðm-

Bvfeo cfb cfpfgadqò jmebêp cfb 14 cf gdzo" fb fpsqf`ho cf

Pdm @dqbop tvfcð adko fb òmsqob cf bd osd jmebfpd (pdb~o yoq bop dsd'tvfp cf bd Nvfq{d Dêqfd Dqefmsjmd*-

Fb 6 cf kvmjo pom sqdpbdcdcop yoq hfbj`ðysfqo db Avtvf DQDAdhçd Ydqdçpo- Dmsfp cf daoqcdqbo" qfòqqfm ydqsf cfb fpsqf`ho cf Pdm@dqbop" z ~jpvdbj{dm fb äqfd comcf hdaçdm dadmcomdco fb Qço @dq`dqd'ôä z" pf yfq`dsdm cf tvf hdaçd cfpdydqf`jco adko bdp devdp-

Päadco 6 cf kvmjo cf 4:81" vmo cf bop hfbj`ðysfqoptvf f~d`vð d bd sqjyvbd`jðm cfb Qço @dq`dqdôä cf Adhçd [oqqodb Adhçd Ydqdçpo-

Socd bd sqjyvbd`jðm fp bbf~dcd hdpsd 09 gjbbdp cfb Yvfqso cfPdmsd @qv{" comcf gfcjdmsf hfbj`ðysfqop" bbfedm db dfqoyvfqso z fg'adq`dm fm vm d~jðm Nollfq cf bd Dqgdcd Dqefmsjmd" hdpsd bd adpf Dbsf-Fpyoqd- Dbbç cfpfgadq`d fb yfqpomdb gjbjsdq tvf bop dògydôdad zòmsjmûdm ~vfbo hdpsd bd {omd gjbjsdq cf F{fj{d- Bd gdôdmd cfb 5 cf

kvmjo qfeqfpdm d pvp hoedqfp `vdmco mdcjf bop fpyfqdad z mj pjtvjfqdpdaçdm cðmcf fpsdadm-

Cfpcf fb 11 cf daqjb hdpsd fb cçd cfb qfeqfpo mo hvao ̀ omsd`sodbevmo òm bd ndgjbjd-

Yoq gfcjo cf vmd mosj`jd qdcjdb" pf fmsfqdm tvf fb Qço @dq`d'qdôä fpsdad fm bdp Gdb~jmdp z tvf hdaçd pjco aogadqcfdco- Gjfmsqdpmop òmsjmûd qfbdsdmco pv fxyfqjfm`jd db @dyjsäm pf bf tvjfaqd bd ~o{-

Fb Qço @dq`dqdôä" pfeûm fb jmnoqgdsj~o" pf fmòmsqdad jm`fm'cjdco-

Pv pvfeqo hdaçd fp`v`hdco fpd mo`hf; ‒fb Qço @dq`dqdôä

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hdaçd pjco dsd`dco z pf cfpòmo`çd fb ydqdcfqo cf pv sqjyvbd`jðm-‗Jmnoqgd`jðm tvf mo yvco sqdmpgjsjq d pv gvkfq z gv`hop gfmop d pvhjkd- Pf bd evdqcd ydqd pç òm fpyfqdm{d z òm nf cf tvf db mo qfyfsjq bo tvf hdaçd fp`v`hdco" pv zfqmo pfevjqçd òm ~jcd-

Pfqejo" ̀ om 1> dôop cf fcdc" qf`jêm ̀ dpdco" bvfeo cf 3> cçdpcf hdafq fpsdco dqqjfpedmco bo gäp yqf`jdco" tvf fp bd ~jcd" fm yopcf bd cfnfmpd cf bd poafqdmçd cf bd ydsqjd" z bd admcfqd dqefmsjmd" jm'sfmsd jmpfqsdqpf fm pv yqoyjd ~jcd- Cfp`vaqf bo cjnç`jb tvf fp ~ob~fq dvmd `jvcdc tvf fpsv~o sdm bfkop cf bop yfbjeqop tvf êb z pvp ògydôf'qop sv~jfqom tvf dnqomsdq z tvf d bd ~f{" jemoqdad bd qfdbjcdc cf bo tvfhdaçd o`vqqjco fm fb pvq cf mvfpsqo ydçp" yoq bd qfòqsdcd jmnoqgd`jðm

cf bop gfcjop o`jdbfp-

Cfpyvêp cf vmop gfpfp cf bj`fm`jd" qfsogd pv d`sj~jcdc" md'~fedmco fm fb avtvf FBGD Bdeo Bd`dq z fm bop yoqsdòmsfmfcoqfpJpbd Eqdm Gdb~jmd f Jpbd Pobfcdc" hdpsd bd cfpdydqj`jðm cf bd admcfqddqefmsjmd fm bd osd dqefmsjmd yoq fb cf`qfso 4551/:4-

Bvfeo ydpd d `vgybjq nvm`jomfp fm Oyfqd`jomfp Yoqsvdqjdp

cfb Yvfqso cf Avfmop Djqfp" z fm fb dôo 1990" fm qd{ðm cf bop sqd'adkop qfdbj{dcop poaqf fb dmäbjpjp f jm~fpsjed`jðm qfpyf`so cf bd osd

gfq`dmsf dqefmsjmd" fp òm~o`dco" yoq fb fmsom`fp Pvapf`qfsdqjo cfYvfqsop z ^çdp Md~fedabfp cf bd Md`jðm" Jme- Kvdm Kopê @hjdyjmo"ydqd o`vydq fb `dqeo cf Cjqf`soq Md`jomdb cf Sqdmpyoqsf Nbv~jdb z Gd'qçsjgop tvf cfpfgyfôd hdpsd fb cçd cf hoz-

Fp gjfgaqo cfb @fmsqo cf @j~jbfp ^fsfqdmop cf Evfqqd Oyf'qdsj~o Gdb~jmdp" comcf pf òm`fmsqdm `dpj socop bop fxògadsjfmsfp`j~jbfp tvf yfqsfmf`fm d bd Gdqjmd Gfq`dmsf" d @oqqfop" d ̂ jdbjcdc Md'`jomdb" d bop pd`fqcosfp z yfqjocjpsdp" comcf hdpsd bd d`svdbjcdc pjevfògydqsjfmco òm bop 31 sqjyvbdmsfp cfb Qço @dq`dqdôä" pjevfm qgfp

fm bd cfnfmpd cf bd poafqdmçd Md`jomdb poaqf bdp Gdb~jmdp-

Fb @dy- Pfqejo Coqqfeo qfòmo`f tvf" cfpcf fb dôo 4:81

hdpsd zd fmsqdco bop dôop ³:9" hvao vm yqo`fpo jgyoqsdmsf cf cfpgdb'

~jmj{d`jðm- Cf`jq tvf vmo fqd fxògadsjfmsf o tvf hdaçd ydqsj`jydcocfb òmj`so mo fpsdad ajfm ~jpso- Bd bv`hd cf socdp bdp deqvyd`jomfp

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Pjb~jo Kvdm Ao``j fm gdzo cf 4:84" yoq poqsfo (`bdpf >1*"jmeqfpð d `vgybjq òm fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq fm bd @ogydôçd Gf`dmj{dcd49» cfb Fkêq`jso Dqefmsjmo" fm fb adqqjo cf Ydbfqgo" hdpsd mo~jfgaqf cf4:84-

Fb päadco 49 cf daqjb cf 4:81" dbgoq{dmco fm ndgjbjd" bbfedvm ògydôfqo dògydôdco cf pv ydcqf fm vm Qfmdvbs 41 qoko" ydqdd~jpdqbf tvf cfaçdm yqfpfmsdqpf socop fm fb `vdqsfb-

Zd hdaçd ògfm{dco bd nd`vbsdc" yfqo fb cfafq bo bbdgdad-Mo hdaçd mdcd fp`qjso- Pf nvfqom dvsoòm~o`dmco z vmo d vmo nvfqombbfedmco db `vdqsfb-

Cogjmeo cf Ydp`vd fm fb `vdqsfb cf Ydbfqgo- Bfp jmnoqgdmtvf ~jdkdqçdm db pvq-

Bvmfp 41 cf daqjb cf 4:81 yoq bd gdôdmd" bvfeo cf vmd fgo'

`jomdcd cfpyfcjcd òm bd ndgjbjd" pf dmosj`jdm tvf jqçdm d bdp gjpgçpj'gdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp-

‒Evfqqd‗- Vmd ydbdaqd tvf bf fqd ndgjbjdq" pf hdaçd `qjdco òmbdp dmê`cosdp hfqoj`dp cf pv ydcqf" o`jdb cf bd gdqjmd jsdbjdmd tvf

D bop tvf dmhfbdm ~ob~fq +

+ Sfpsjgomjo qfòejco yoq Pfb~d Gomsfmfeqo (Cfbfed`jðm GJMYBDM*-

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nvf yqjpjomfqo cf bop jmebfpfp- Fb cfpsjmo tvjpo tvf" pjm hdafq pfevjcobd `dqqfqd gjbjsdq" sdgajêm nvfpf yqjpjomfqo cf bop jmebfpfp fm fb Dsbäm'sjò Pvq-

D bd gdôdmd pjevjfmsf cf dqqjadq yvfcf ~jpvdbj{dq gjbfp cf`dqydp fm soco fb dfqoyvfqso- Cvqdmsf bd gdcqvedcd hdaçdm dsfqqj{dco46 ~vfbop dyqoxjgdcdgfmsf- @ogo cfyfmcçdm cf ̀ ogvmj`d`jomfp" pveqvyo pf jmpsdbð fm fb `fmsqo `ç~jò cf bd `jvcdc" fm fb fcj`jo tvf nvm'`jomdad cf òqqfo" fp`vfbd" ajabjosf`d yûabj`d z sfdsqo cf bop lfbyfqp-‒Fpsoz yfqnf`sdgfmsf- Gf fm`vfmsqo fm Gdb~jmdp- @dqjôop- Pjb~jo‗ cf'`çd fb sfbfeqdgd tvf fm~jð fpf gjpgo cçd d pv `dpd-

Bop osqop cop eqvyop pf jmpsdbdqom" vmo fm bdp jmgfcjd`jomfpcfb dfqoyvfqso z" fb osqo" fm Gomsf Lfms z Gomsf Bomcom" yqðxjgo db`vdqsfb cf bop Qozdb Gdqjmfp- Dbbç ndbbf`jð vm ògydôfqo fm vmo cf bopdsdtvfp cf d~jd`jðm cçdp gäp sdqcf" fqd fb Pobcdco Jmcjmo" `bdpf >1-

Bd pfgdmd dmsfqjoq db 4¹ cf gdzo pf qfdbj{ð vm pjgvbd`qo cfdsdtvf" òm ao`jmdp yoq socd bd jpbd" d ydqsjq cf fpf gogfmso fp tvfsogd òm`jfm`jd cf bo tvf fpsdad ~j~jfmco- Pjb~jo qf`vfqcd tvf nvf vmdmsfp z vm cfpyvêp cfb 4» cf gdzo cf 4:81-

Bop aoq`fevçfp" tvf noqgdadm ydqsf cf pv vmjnoqgf cf pobcd'co" bf hdaçdm yqo~o`dco vmd bbded fm vmo cf pvp soajbbop- Fb gêcjò bfdòmpfkð tvf vpdqd dbydqedsdp yoq vmop cçdp hdpsd tvf cjpgjmvzfqd

bd jmnf``jðm- Dpç bo fmòmsqð fb 4¹ cf gdzo d bdp 3-09 cf bd gdôdmd fbdsdtvf dêqfo cf bop d~jomfp jmebfpfp-

Fb yqjgfq aogadqcfo bo qfdbj{ð vm D~qo ^vb`d tvf dqqokð 14

aogadp ̀ om bd jmsfm`jðm cf cfpsqvjq bd yjpsd cf dsfqqj{dkf- D bdp 98-09hpdsd`dm bd yjpsd cf dsfqqj{dkf 5 Pfd Hdqqjfq fm ~vfbo qdpdmsf- Aogadq'

cfo tvf cvqð `dpj hdpsd bdp : cf bd gdôdmd-

Fm bop cçdp pvapjevjfmsfp bop jmebfpfp fm~jdadm nqdedsdp"d~jomfp" hfbj`ðysfqop" ògdmcop- Aogadp" gjpjbfp- Fpsqvfmcopop qf'`vfqcop ydqd pvp oçcop z pv dbgd-

Bop avtvfp dqefmsjmop zd mo yocçdm bbfedq d bd jpbd- Bd ògj'

cd fgyf{dad d ndbsdq- Pðbo bop d~jomfp Hêq`vbfp cf bd Nvfq{d Dêqfd

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Dqefmsjmd" ̀ om pvp yjbosop dvcd`fp z ~dbjfmsfp" yomjfmco fm yfbjeqo pv~jcd z bd cf pv sqjyvbd`jðm" bbfedadm òm ògjcd" gfcj`jmdp z dqgdp" zqfeqfpdadm db òmsjmfmsf òm bop hfqjcop-

Fb 49 cf kvmjo cf 4:81" Pjb~jo ̀ vgybçd 4: dôop- Hdpsd fb 43 cf kvmjo pjmsjð gjfco" ydpo hdgaqf" pjmsjð coboq- Yfqo pjm cfkdq cf popsf'mfq bd Admcfqd Dqefmsjmd ajfm dbso-

Qfpyjqd homco z òmsjmûd qfòqcdmco- @dgajdgop cf sfgd-

Fpf 43 cf kvmjo bop jmebfpfp zd fpsdadm gvz ̀ fq`d- D bdp :-09hp mvfpsqop `dôomfp cfkdqom cf cjpydqdq- D bdp :-39hp bfp jmnoqgdmtvf bd Dqefmsjmd pf hdaçd qfmcjco-

D bdp :-36 hp zd yocçdm ~fqpf `dqd d `dqd òm bop jmebfpfp-

Fmsqfedqom dqgdp z cfpbdqom hd`jd fb dfqoyvfqso" pjfgyqfbop fpsdadm dyvmsdmco-

Bop ûbsjgop pjfsf cçdp tvfcdqom fm `vpsocjd cf bop jmebfpfp"bop sqdsdadm gvz ajfm" qf`vfqcd Pjb~jo- Bop jadm deqvydmco cf d yoò zbop cjqjeçdm hd`jd bd `jvcdc ydqd fgadq`dqbop cf qfeqfpo db òmsjmfmsf-Sfmçdm yqjoqjcdc bop gdbhfqjcop z fmnfqgop- Fb 19 cf kvmjo cf 4:81"qfeqfpd d bd ydsqjd" òm 40 ljbop gfmop" fgadq`dco fm fb avtvf qog'yfhjfbop Dbgjqdmsf Jqj{dq-

Fm Avfmop Djqfp" bd ndgjbjd cfpfpyfqdcd" pf d`fq`dad socopbop cçdp db `vdqsfb cf Ydbfqgo comcf pf yvabj`dad vm bjpsdco òm fbqfejpsqo cf socop bop pobcdcop tvf fpsdadm qfeqfpdmco cf bdp jpbdp-Pjb~jo Ao``j mo evqdad fm bop bjpsdcop- Yoq fqqoq hdaçdm `dgajdco pvdyfbbjco yoq Adò-

Vm ̀ ogydôfqo" tvf qfeqfpð dmsfp fm fb avtvf Adhçd Ydqdçpo"yvco d~jpdq d bd ndgjbjd tvf Pjb~jo zd fpsdad fgadq`dco z bbfedqçd fm fbpjevjfmsf avtvf-

Bvfeo cf bd evfqqd" eqd`jdp db `vjcdco z òmsfm`jðm ndgjbjdq yvco qfsogdq pvp fpsvcjop fm bd Vmj~fqpjcdc Sf`mobðej`d Md`jomdb-

Qf`vfqcd sjfqmdgfmsf ̀ ogo pv gdcqf" tvf vmd ~f{ cf qfeqf'po d `dpd" socdp bdp mo`hfp gjfmsqdp êb coqgçd" pf d`fq`dad d ~jejbdq

pv pvfôo-

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Pfq gjfgaqo cfb eqvyo kv~fmjb cf bd Jebfpjd Mvfpsqd Pfôoqdcf bd Pdbvc" cfb adqqjo cf ^fqpdbbfp" cf bd @dyjsdb Nfcfqdb" bo dzvcð dòmsfmfq pvp fgo`jomfp z d `qf`fq pjm cj`vbsdc" yvcjfmco cfkdq dsqäpsocop bop gogfmsop cf dmevpsjd ~j~jcop-

Fm fb gjpgo 4:81" eqd`jdp db ydcqf cf vm ògydôfqo cf bdpf`vmcdqjd" jmeqfpd d sqdadkdq fm fb Fpsdco Md`jomdb" jmòqyoqämcopffm ^çdp z Oaqdp cfb Nfqqo`dqqjb Pdqgjfmso-

D ydqsjq cfb 1993" bvfeo cf hdafq sqdadkdco fm cj~fqpop oqed'mjpgop cfb fpsdco" yqocv`so cf bop `dgajop cf bdp cj~fqpdp yobçsj`dpcfb ydçp" jmeqfpd fm fb Cfydqsdgfmso cf @omsqob cf ^çdp Md~fedabfp

cf bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jomdb cf ^çdp Md~fedabfp cf bd Pvapf`qfsdqjd cfYvfqsop z ^çdp Md~fedabfp cf bd Md`jðm" comcf" d`svdbgfmsf" òmsj'mûd `vgybjfmco nvm`jomfp-

Fb fpsvcjo" bd yqonfpjðm z fb sqdadko òmpsdmsf" bd ndgjbjd" pvfpyopd @bdvcjd" cfpcf hd`f zd 14 dôop" hj`jfqom cf fpsf Hêqof cfGdb~jmdp vm hogaqf tvf pðbo dôoqd yocfq qfeqfpdq d bdp jpbdp-

Pjb~jo Kvdm Ao``j; Sjfmf 35 dôop< fpsä `dpdco- Fp Jmefmjfqo Deqjgfm'

poq-

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@bdvcjo sjfmf 3> dôop" pv ndgjbjd fpsd ̀ ogyvfpsd yoq pv fpyo'pd" ydcqfp z hfqgdmd- Sqdadkd fm bd Pvaefqfm`jd Sê`mj`d cfb OMDAF"z d bop 48 dôop nvf poqsfdco kvmso òm vm ògydôfqo cfb pf`vmcdqjoydqd hd`fq fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq oabjedsoqjo-

Fb : cf fmfqo cf 4:81 dpjpsjð db Qfejgjfmso cf Jmndmsfqçd 4Ydsqj`jop" comcf d`svdbgfmsf pf fm`vfmsqd fb pvyfqgfq`dco Kvgao cfYdbfqgo-

Fm fpf bvedq bop cj~jcjfqom pfeûm bdp `dqd`sfqçpsj`dp cf `dcdvmo" tvfcdmco 09 cf fbbop dydqsdcop cfb qfpso" bop ̀ vdbfp ̀ vgybçdm boppjevjfmsfp qftvjpjsop; dbsvqd yqogfcjo 4"81" gdmfko cfb jcjogd jmebêp"cfyoqsjpsdp" fpsvcjop pf`vmcdqjop ògybfsop- Fpf gjpgo cçd" nvfqomsqdpbdcdcop d @ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd-

Vm cçd ydqsj`vbdq nvf fb 4¹ cf daqjb cf 4:81" soco ydqf`çd gvzfxsqdôo- @vfmsd tvf pjfgyqf `fmdadm d bdp 4:-09 hoqdp" z fpf cçd

`fmdqom d bdp 45 hoqdp z bop gdmcdqom d coqgjq" soco fqd gvz qdqo- Zvmd cf bdp nqdpfp tvf mvm`d pf aoqqð cf bd ̀ daf{d nvf bd tvf bf cjkfqomfpd mo`hf ‒vpsfcfp ~dm d ydpdq d bd hjpsoqjd" d bd hjpsoqjd cf bop dqefm'sjmop…‗-

Cq- @bdvcjo Qocqçevf{"fx pobcdco cf Gdb~jmdp Dqefmsjmdp+

+ Sfpsjgomjo qfòejco yoq Ydvbd Lfbg" Pdmsjdeo Ejoqcdmo z Gdqjdmd Qjò Goptvfqd (Cfbfed`jðmGJMYBDM*-

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D bd gdcqvedcd nvfqom pvajcop d vm d~jðm" yqoyoq`jomämco'bfp ftvjyop mvf~op cf qoyd z dqgdp- @vdmco bbfedm d bd jpbd" fb nqçofqd cfpedqqdcoq z mo socop sfmçdm bdp `dgyfqdp òm òqcfqjso dcfmsqo(jevdb mdcd db`dm{dad ydqd devdmsdq fb nqço tvf hd`jd fm fpf bvedq*" mopdaçdm ̀ om tvf gäp daqjedqpf- Vmo cf bop fqqoqfp tvf ̀ ogfsjð @bdvcjoydqd dgjmoqdq fb nqço z bd hvgfcdc cf pv ̀ vfqyo" nvf fm~ob~fq pvp yjfpfm aobpdp cf mzbom z bvfeo yomfqpf bdp gfcjdp" fpo hj{o tvf yfqcjfqdbd pfmpjajbjcdc cf pvp yjfp" bo tvf pf òmo`f ògo yjfp cf sqjm`hfqd-Fp fb cçd cf hoz tvf bo tvf gäp fxsqdôd fp `dgjmdq cfp`db{o z yjpdq fb`êpyfc- Mo yvfcf fpsdq pjm pv `db{dco yoqtvf pj pf bdpsjgd pf bf yvf'cfm efmfqdq eqdmcfp jmnf``jomfp" fp yoq fpo tvf socop bop cçdp dmsfp

cf dòpsdqpf cfaf gjqdq pvp yjfp ydqd ~fq pj sjfmf dbevmd hfqjcd-Fb dbjgfmso fm bd jpbd fqd gvz dòsdco" db yvmso cf cj~jcjq vmd

edbbfsd cf devd fm `vdsqo ydqsfp ydqd tvf socop yvcjfqdm ògfq dbeo-Vmd cf bdp òpdp tvf fm soco gogfmso qf`db`d @bdvcjo" fp tvf hd'açd `ðcjeop fmsqf bop ògydôfqop" pf `vjcdadm vmop d bop osqop z pfyfcçdm òpdp gvz cvqdp ògo yoq fkfgybo tvf bop gdsdqdm cf vm sjqodmsfp cf pfevjq pvnqjfmco-

Bdp mo`hfp fqdm gvz bdqedp z hfbdcdp" fb hdgaqf" bop pfm'sjgjfmsop cf dmevpsjd yoq bop ògydôfqop `dçcop" d yfpdq cf fbbo pfdmjgdadm gvsvdgfmsf ògfmsdmco tvf `vdmco ~ob~jfpfm db òmsj'mfmsf jadm d pfq qfòmo`jcop yoq bd bv`hd tvf cjfqom yoq pv ydsqjd zyoq socop bop dqefmsjmop-

Mop òmgvf~f @bdvcjo `vdmco mop cj`f" tvf fb cçd tvf sogðòm`jfm`jd cf bo tvf fqd qfdbgfmsf vmd evfqqd" nvf `vdmco fxyboso fb

4¹ cf gdzo bd yqjgfqd aogad fm fb ̀ dgydgfmso : z gvqjfqom gv`hophfqgdmop" fpf fp fb bvedq tvf bfp osoqed" hfqgdmop-

Fb 19 cf kvmjo ~vfb~fm db òmsjmfmsf z mo yvfcfm kvqdq bd adm'cfqd yoqtvf bbfedm sdqcf z bop gdmcdm d adôdqpf- ^dqjop cçdp bop sjf'mfm fm fb `vdqsfb hd`jêmcobfp òmsqobfp nçpjòp" gêcjòp" fmsqf~jpsdpòm bop pfq~j`jop cf jmsfbjefm`jd" comcf bfp cf`çdm tvf ‒d`ä mo ydpðmdcd‗

Fm kvbjo" bfp cdm vmd bj`fm`jd ydqd tvf ~vfb~dm d pvp `dpdp"

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yfqo fm fpf gogfmso mo pf hdaçd sfqgjmdco fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq- @vdm'co ~vfb~f d pv ̀ dpd soco fp gvz cjpsjmso d bo tvf pf jgdejmdad- Hdaçdydpdco cf pfq vm `hjò cf 48 dôop cf pf`vmcdqjd d sfmfq `ðcjeop cfevfqqdp ̀ om ̀ ogydôfqop tvf cdadm bd ~jcd yoq bd ydsqjd" ̀ qfdmco fmsqffbbop bd{op gvz nvfqsfp db yvmso cf pfmsjqbop pv ~fqcdcfqd ndgjbjd- Fpvm pfmsjgjfmso nvfqsf z cvqo bo tvf bf ydpdad" yoqtvf mo sfmçd edmdpcf fpsdq òm pv ndgjbjd" mf`fpjsdad fpsdq òm pvp ògydôfqop-

Vmdp cf bdp òpdp tvf gäp bf cobjfqom nvf tvf pv ydcqf mobo hdzd daqd{dco `vdmco bbfeð" tvf fqd bo tvf gäp mf`fpjsdad fm fpfgogfmso- Bo tvf cfpfdad z mf`fpjsdad fm fpf gogfmso fqd òmsfm'`jðm" daqd{op cf pv ndgjbjd" tvf bf yfqgjsjfqdm bboqdq…

Pv ndgjbjd mo tvfqçd mj tvjfqf hdabdq cf bd evfqqd fm bd `vdb êbfpsv~o yqfpfmsf- Yqfnfqçdm z yqffqfm fb pjbfm`jo-

Fm o`svaqf `vdmco ~vfb~f cfmjsj~dgfmsf d pv `dpd" pðbo pfqfvmçd òm bop ògydôfqop cf Gdb~jmdp òm bop tvf pf ~d cf ~d`d'`jomfp fpf ~fqdmo- Cfpyvêp cf fpdp ~d`d`jomfp sdqcð 16 dôop fm~ob~fqbop d ~fq-

Fm daqjb cfb 80" fmsqd d sqdadkdq d Nfqqo`dqqjbfp Dqefmsjmop yoq'tvf pv ydcqf sqdadkdad dbbç" z bf yjcf tvf mvm`d gfm`jomf tvf fpsv~ofm Gdb~jmdp-

Vm coboq tvf mvm`d pf aoqqd mj yfqcomd;

‒Pjfgyqf ~oz d sfmfq fb fpsjegd cf Gdb~jmdp- D yfpdq tvf gfbo hdm mfedco- Yfqo `qfo sdgajêm d bdp yqvfadp gf qfgjso gj òm'cj`jðm cf fgybfdco yûabjò pj mo hvajfqd pjco yoq bd jmsfq~fm`jðm cf

VY@M- Zo qf`jêm hd`f 1 dôop" tvf poz ̀ dsfeoqçd yqonfpjomdb z hd`f 41o 40 dôop tvf sfmeo `dqqfqd yqonfpjomdb" mvm`d pf qfòmo`jð gj d`sj~j'cdc ̀ ogo yqonfpjomdb d yfpdq cf sfmfq gdsqç`vbd fm ̀ dyjsdb o yqo~jm`jd"yfqo pj mo hvajfqd pjco yoq fpo mo hvajfqd bbfedco d gj `dsfeoqçd cfyqonfpjomdb-‗

‒Fb sfgd cf Gdb~jmdp mop pjevjð d socop d bop ògydôfqoptvf ~ob~jfqom" tvf d bop gvqjfqom" d bop yvcjfqom qfhd`fq pv ~jcd ydq'`jdbgfmsf- Fp vmd bdpsjgdcvqd" dbeo òm bo tvf bjcjäp socd sv ~jcd z mo

pdaêp yoqtvf mo nvjpsf dndmdq-‗

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GDB^JMDP

411

‒Pjfgyqf yjfmpo fm vmd pobd òpd" vmd dmê`cosd cf pf`vm'cdqjd- @vdmco fpsdad fm fb i84 fm 6 so dôo" gj yqonfpoq cf efoeqdnçd"hdabdmco poaqf fb sfgd cjko tvf mf`fpjsäadgop vmd evfqqd ydqd vmjq'mop ògo yvfabo" pv`fcjð bd evfqqd z mo ydpð mdcd" bd po`jfcdc pfpjevf ògyoqsdmco jevdb z bo gäp coboqopo" hoz zo òm 3> dôop moyvfco `qffq tvf fm dbeûm gogfmso sv~f 48 dôop z tvf socd bd efmsfgf cdad ~vfbsd bd `dqd-‗

‒Tvf gj ydcqf gf hdzd cj`ho d bop 48 ‒yjaf" ob~çcdsf" d`ä moydpð mdcd‗- Mop cjkfqom gv`hdp ~f`fp bop cf jmsfbjefm`jd o mvfpsqoppvyfqjoqfp ‒yjaf" d`ä mo ydpð mdcd‗" hdaçd ydpdco gv`ho hdaçd yd'pdco hdgaqf" gvfqsf" bd hvgjbbd`jðm" vmd evfqqd- Pdafq tvf ~ob~jfqom

gfmop cfb 09 & yoqtvf cfkdqom pv ~jcd yoq bd ydsqjd" ydqd bd gdzoqçdpjemj`d mdcd gäp tvf ‒vm nfqjdco‗ fpo fp bo tvf hoz fp bd evfqqd ydqdbd po`jfcdc‗-

‒Cfpcf mvfpsqo `fmsqo cf fx ògadsjfmsfp" bop qfòqcdgopògo mvfpsqop hfqgdmop" mvfpsqd `dqmf" mvfpsqo hvfpo- Yfqo bd po'`jfcdc ògo vm nfqjdco-

Bo tvf sf cd `dsfeoqçd cf pobcdco fp fb dgoq yoq sv pvfbo" zfbbop" bop jmebfpfp" mo fqdm pobcdcop" pjmo gfq`fmdqjop" moposqop êqd'gop pobcdcop cf ~fqcdc z nvjgop moposqop òm bop yoòp qf`vqpoptvf sfmçdgop d yfbfdq z `dpj bo edmdgop" cfkdgop mvfpsqdp ~jcdp zmo nvjgop qfòmo`jcop z mo ~dgop d pfqbo yoq bo gfmop" mo fm fpsd~jcd- Hdz gv`hop tvf cf`jcjfqom mo pfevjq pvnqjfmco bop fgadsfp cfbd po`jfcdc yoqtvf fp vmd fbf``jðm" gäp cf 399 gvfqsop yopsevfqqd-

Bop tvf ~dgop tvfcdmco sfmfgop bd oabjed`jðm cf hd`fq

pfmsjq d bd po`jfcdc tvf fm fpsf ydçp hvao vmd evfqqd" yfqo vmd evf'qqd cf ~fqcdc" tvf gvqjfqom dqefmsjmop- Tvf cfnfmcjð bd admcfqd òmbd pdmeqf- Fpyfqo tvf fm dbeûm gogfmso pf sogf òm`jfm`jd‗-

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GDB^JMDP

410

Cfpyvêp cf 18 dôop pjeo yfmpdmco pjfgyqf hd`jd dsqäp òmbo pv`fcjco fm gj ~jcd qfbd`jomdco d bd qf`vyfqd`jðm cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb'~jmdp-

Yfqo f~jcfmsfgfmsf qf`vfqco tvf db cf`jcjq fm noqgd jgyqf'~jpsd gj jmeqfpo d bd Gdqjmd cf Evfqqd" dbeo fm gj ~jcd `dgajdqçd z mopfqçd bd gjpgd z `qêdmgf" mvm`d gäp nvf bd gjpgd-

Fb gogfmso ydpð vmop dôop cfpyvêp cf gj jmeqfpo fb 4» cffmfqo cf 4:89 `vdmco fb 18 cf gdq{o cf 4:81" fm ~f{ cf ògfm{dq òm gjp ~d`d`jomfp mo gf cdadm bdp gdmop ydqd `vgybjq òm bdp ðq'cfmfp tvf fgdmdadm cf bd pvyfqjoqjcdc-

Gj nvm`jðm fm vm avtvf" fm fpsf `dpo fb DQD @dao Pdm Dmso'mjo" ûmjò adqò cf cfpfgadqò cf sqoydp cf bd Dqgdcd Dqefmsjmd" fqdòmsqob cf d~fqçdp" vmd gf{`bd cf aogafqo" ybogfqo z qfydqd`jomfp

efmfqdbfp-

Fpdp ðqcfmfp" fmsqf osqdp òpdp fqdm bd cf sfmfq fbfgfmsopz gdtvjmdqjdp pv`jfmsfp ògo ydqd `vgybjgfmsdq `vdbtvjfq d~fqçd(qosvqd o ̀ ogybj`d`jomfp tvf hj`jfqdm jmeqfpdq devd cfmsqo cfb avtvf*"tvf dydqf`jfqdm cf jgyqo~jpso-

Yfqo dcfgäp cf soco fpso zo fqd ~obvmsdqjo fm bd @ogydôçdcf cfpfgadqò z dsdtvf" o pfd tvf cfpcf tvf ydqsjgop cf YvfqsoAfbeqdmo" bop pjgvbd`qop z yqvfadp cf dqgdgfmso fqdm jm`fpdmsfp-

Dôoqdm{d

Bj`- Qocobno H- @fqgjmdqd

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8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

416

cf sqdadko fm sqdadko yfqo bd ~jcd gf cd vmd pfevmcd oyoqsvmjcdc zfm fb 88 jmeqfpo db ‒Hopyjsdb Md`jomdb cf Yfcjdsqçd Yqon- Cq- Kvdm Y-Edqqdhdm‗" ògo yfqpomdb cf gdmsfmjgjfmso fm fb ûbsjgo sqdgo cfbfp`dbdnðm-

Fm vm gogfmso cf gj ~jcd z zd òm cop hfqgopdp mjôdp z vmmjôo" gf ybdmsfo pfqjdgfmsf; ¿pj yvcf poaqf~j~jq d vmd evfqqd" `ðgomo poaqf~j~jq fm vmd po`jfcdc tvf cfpgdb~jmj{dad?

Sv~f fb dyozo cf gj ndgjbjd z cf bd Cfbfed`jðm cf VY@M cfbEdqqdhdm" kvmso òm bd Deqvyd`jðm ^fsfqdmop cf Evfqqd cf Gdb~jmdpYvfqso cf Mvfpsqd Pfôoqd cf bd Pobfcdc- @ogfm`ê cf `fqo< yqjgfqo"

pf`vmcdqjo cf dcvbsop" bvfeo dvxjbjdq cf fmnfqgfqçd" gäp sdqcf yqonf'pjomdb cf fmnfqgfqçd" z mdbgfmsf bj`fm`jdsvqd fm fmnfqgfqçd z yfqjsocf fmnfqgfqçd-

Dhoqd" dvmtvf socop pvnqdgop cf fpsqêp yopsqdvgäsjò fmgfmoq o gdzoq gfcjcd" yvfco eqjsdq d bop `vdsqo ~jfmsop; ‒Yjqdsdp"òmgjeo mo yvcjfqom$‗

Fb ûmjò gogfmso fm tvf gf `djeo dmçgj`dgfmsf fm `vdb'

tvjfq cçd" pfgdmd" gfp cfb dôo" fp db qfòqcdq d socop bop `dgdqdcdptvf `dzfqom fm adsdbbd- Bd pdmeqf cf bop dqefmsjmop tvfcð fm pvfbo zgdq dvpsqdb< mvm`d bo yocqäm aoqqdq-

Tvf Cjop yfqcomf d bop dpfpjmop cfb @qv`fqo Efmfqdb Afbeqd'mo" yoqtvf zo mo-

Eqd`jdp d bd Cfbfed`jðm Edqqdhdm yoq òm~o`dqgf d qfdbj{dq gj qfbdso z gjp ~j~fm`jdp fm Gdb~jmdp- Gäp tvf mvm`d gf cdm nvfq{dp

ydqd eqjsdq; ¤Bdp Gdb~jmdp pom z pfqäm dqefmsjmdp$

Qocobno H- @fqgjmdqd; Bj`fm`jdco fm fmnfqgfqçd z yfqjso cf fmnfqgf'

qçd- Sqdadkdcoq cfb Hopyjsdb cf Yfcjdsqçd Edqqdhdm-

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GDB^JMDP

41>

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GDB^JMDP

415

Pdmsjdeo Gdgaqçm" fx'ògadsjfmsf cf bd Evfqqd cf Gdb~jmdp"pf cfpfgyfôd fm bd d`svdbjcdc fm fb Gjmjpsfqjo cf Cfpdqqobbo Po`jdb zdcfgäp fp dbjdco d VY@M" cfpcf hd`f 15 dôop- Fm fpsd oyoqsvmjcdc

mop òmsdqä poaqf pv fxyfqjfm`jd" z d bd ~f{ tvf gf hd`f fmsqfed cfvm qfbdso fp`qjso yoq êb poaqf fpsf sfgd-

Gj mogaqf fp Pdmsjdeo Gdgaqçm z yfqsfmf`ç db Qfejgjfmso cfJmndmsfqçd Gf`dmj{dco 5 @oqomfb @omcf cf bd @jvcdc cf Bd Ybdsd" zydqsj`jyê fm bd adsdbbd gäp ̀ qvfmsd cf Gdb~jmdp z fm fb fp`qjso tvf hj`ffmsqfed" qfbdso vmd yftvfôd ~j~fm`jd cf bo tvf hf ydpdco" fb sfgd cd

ydqd hdabdq gv`ho-Ydpdgop db qfbdso cf Pdmsjdeo;

Hjpsoqjd cf vmd ~f{

‐Mo pê pj bbdgdqbd yofpçd" gdp pç yvfco cf`jq" tvf fp bd hjpso'qjd cf vmd ~f{-

Zd ydpdqom dbeo gäp cf 18 dôop" fm dtvfb fmsom`fp" ̀ dqedad

Qfyoqsdkf d Pdmsjdeo Gdgaqçm+

+ Sfpsjgomjo qfòejco yoq Dbj`jd @op`jd (Cfbfed`jðm PFMDN*-

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GDB^JMDP

418

òm sdm pðbo 48 dôop- Cfpcf bdp ̀ dbbfp 4: z 64" cf bd bdafqçmsj`d @jvcdccf Bd Ybdsd" ydqsjð vm Qfejgjfmso ògybfso cf kð~fmfp" òm fb yfpdcom cf ‒cfnfmcfq bd Ydsqjd‗- Gf d`vfqco tvf mop `dqedqom fm bop ̀ dgjo'mfp z tvf qfjmdad bd nfbj`jcdc" socop `dmsäadgop" gf jm`bvzo" `vdmcodaqvysdgfmsf z ̀ om vmd fmfqeçd sosdbgfmsf cjpsjmsd d bd mvfpsqd" pvqef‒fb Mfeqo‗ Hfqgfp" vm pobcdco cfpfqsoq cf gdzoq fcdc tvf fb qfpsocf moposqop" db `vdb gf vmçd bd òsjcjdmfjcdc cfb adqqjo" zd tvf fpsf"~j~çd `fq`d cf gj `dpd- Pf gf yfeo db bdco" ògo dapsqdzêmcogf cfsdmsd dbedqdaçd z ̀ om pvp okop bboqopop gf cjko; ‒Boò" fxybç`dgf ̀ ogohd`fp ydqd jq `dmsdmco qvgao d bd gvfqsf‗… Fm fpf gogfmso mo boògyqfmcç" gäp ajfm fmoko pfmsç yoq êb" yoq ~fq tvf fpf dbevjfm pf

dsqf~çd òm pv somo yqonêsjò d òqsdq òm sdmsd fvnoqjd- Z hoz" pj ajfmhfgop coqgjco d`vqqv`dcop òm bd gvfqsf cvqdmsf socd bd Evfqqd z"d dbevmop" pv yjfcdc" Cjop v dbevmd tvf osqd cj~jmjcdc" mop hd cfkdcofp`dydq ògo yqvfad cjqf`sd cfb hoqqoq cf bd gfgoqjd" ògo jmpsqv'gfmso cf fbbd" Hfqgfp" fp vmo cf gjp qf`vfqcop gdp jmgfcjdsop d bdhoqd cf qfydpdq Gdb~jmdp…

^j~fm`jdp

Fb qf`vfqco cf bd adsdbbd" yfqcðm" cf ‒bd eqdm Adsdbbd cfb Bome'com‗" vmd cf bdp gäp `qvcdp z sqfgfmcdp" `vämsop cf bop mvfpsqophfgop ~jpso ̀ dfq cfpobdcop" jmcfnfmpop fm fbbd" ̀ dqedmco poaqf socdp

bdp òpdp pv cjemjcdc" dògydôdcop yop pvp hvgjbcfp pdabfp adzo'mfsd fm yop cfb fmnqfmsdgjfmso òmsqd fb jm~dpoq- @ðgo ob~jcdq" gäpajfm" `ðgo mo qfòqcdq òm cfko cf yj`dqcçd" pd`qj`jo z sfqqoq bop 41Lg- gäp o gfmop" tvf ydsfäadgop ydqd jq d qoadq ògjcd" tvê yfqj'`jd bd mvfpsqd ydqd mo pfq cfp`vajfqsop z tvf mo mop fpsdtvfdqdm…cfgdpjdcdp z òmsjmvdp pom bdp mo`hfp fm bdp tvf pf gf dydqf`fjmsfgyfpsj~dgfmsf fb qf`vfqco cf bop tvfkjcop yosfmsfp z yqfyosfmsfpcf vm ògydôfqo cfb AJG 6" `vzo mogaqf yqffqo qfpfq~dq" mo`hfp

tvf pom deðmj`dp z cfpfpyfqdcdp- Fpso ûbsjgo pf gf kvmsdm db vmçpo'

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GDB^JMDP

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mo" òm bop dvbbjcop cf bop jmsfeqdmsfp cf bd Eboqjopd ògydôçd A z bdyqjgfqd pf``jðm cf bd ̀ ogydôçd @ cfb QJ 5" --- Tvjpjfqd ̀ omsdq sdgajêm"ògo fxyfqjfm`jd cf bd yop evfqqd< bdp jmmjsdp yfmvqjdp tvf ̀ dcd vmocf moposqop" o bd gdzoqçd cf bop poaqf~j~jfmsfp ydpdgop" yfedmco`dbògdmçdp fm sqfmfp" òbf`sj~op z cfgäp" ògo gfsänoqd yfqnf`sdz fxd`sd cfb jqqfpyfso tvf vm Fpsdco sv~o ydqd òm pvp ^fsfqdmop cfEvfqqd… fpso dydqfkdco db cfpòmsqob z bop pçmsogdp ydsobðejòp cfbqfpvbsdco cf dtvfbbo d bo tvf nvjgop fxyvfpsop fm Gdb~jmdp- Bdp cqo'edp" fb dbòhob" bop pvj`jcjop z osqdp zfqadp" pom sdm pobo qðsvbop o gf'

cjop ydqd fxsfqjoqj{dq sdmso dadmcomo" sdmsd pobfcdc" sdmsd `qvfbcdc…

`vämsdp ndgjbjdp cfpyfcd{dcdp" `vämsd cfpobd`jðm ydqd òm mvfpsqop

hjkop" pjm pdafq dûm tvê fp bo tvf avp`dgop… Tvj{äp dbeûm cçd òg'yqfmcdgop…-

Gäp dbbä cf `vdbtvjfq kvpsj`d`jðm ydqd gv`hdp cf mvfpsqdp

òmcv`sdp cfb cfpyvêp" yocqfgop cfkdq cf hd`fq cf soco fpso" dbeo

gäp tvf cfpsqv``jðm" pjmo sqdmpnoqgdqbo fm oqevbbo z ̀ ompsqv``jðm ydqd

fb ajfm cf mvfpsqdp ndgjbjdp" ydqd fb ajfm cf socop moposqop" tvf òm

dòsdcd fcdc f çmgdp òmcj`jomfp" yfqo òm vm jmpsjmso daqvgdcoq

cf pvyfq~j~fm`jd z bfdbsdc" cjgop bd ~jcd pjm cfkdq mvm`d cf sfmfq vmd`dm`jðm fm mvfpsqop bdajop …@daf d`bdqdq tvf bop ûmjòp z ~fqcdcf'qop Hêqofp cf bd Ydsqjd pom fbbop" bop tvf qfedqom ̀ om pv Pdmeqf mvfp'sqo pvfbo ògo dtvfbbop tvf sjôfqom fb Gdq Dqefmsjmo òm pvp Pdmeqf"bop >3: Gäqsjqfp cf Gdb~jmdp (@qv`fqo Eqdb- Afbeqdmo*-

‐Njmdbgfmsf ¿Tvê fpyfqäp cfb ydçp dhoqd?

‐Gf evpsdqçd ~fq fb @fmosdo comcf fpsäm bop mogaqfp cfbop >3: gäqsjqfp cf Gdb~jmdp" fm òmcj`jomfp- Yoqtvf pvfbf fpsdq òmvmd gveqf jgyqfpjomdmsf pjm bd evdqcjd cf homoq" tvf sjfmf tvf fpsdq yqfpfmsf socop bop cçdp z `vdmco hdz dbevmd tvf osqd evdqcjd" fpsäm

hdabdmco yoq `fbvbdq o hdabdmco òm cjpsjmsdp yfqpomdp" `vdmco fbbop

sjfmfm tvf fpsdq dyopsdcop dhç qfpevdqcdmco bd gfgoqjd cf mvfpsqopògydôfqop" mo fpsd bd bbdgd dgd" tvf sjfmf tvf fpsdq bd bbdgd ~j'

~jfmsf" fpd tvf sjfmf tvf fpsdq dhç" fmdqaobdmco d mvfpsqop ògyd'

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GDB^JMDP

409

ôfqop" mvfpsqop gäqsjqfp" tvf onqfmcdqom pv ~jcd fm pvfbo ydsqjo- Fpofp bo tvf zo tvjpjfqd- D sqd~êp cf vpsfcfp" fpsf eqdm Pjmcj`dso" tvfsdgajêm bf yjcdm d bd Yqfpjcfmsd" tvf fp Gdb~jmfqd" tvf hded `vgybjq bd evdqcjd cf homoq òm bjgyjf{d z dgd ~j~jfmsf fm fb @fmosdo" tvffpsd nqfmsf d bd soqqf cf bop Jmebfpfp fm Qfsjqo-

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

404

‐¿@ðgo sf pfmsçp?

‐Fpsoz ̀ omsfmso ̀ om fpsf qfyoqsdkf- Poz vm sjyo gvz po`jdabf-

Md`ç fm fb >1" fb 49 cf Nfaqfqo- Sqdadkê socd bd ~jcd fm fb Gjmjpsfqjo

cf Fòmogçd" cfpcf fb 58- Nçkdsf tvf jmeqfpê vm 3 cf Fmfqo z socd~çd

gf devdmsdm- D yfpdq cf soco" dqgê vmd bjmcd ndgjbjd òm gj fpyopd

Pvpdmd Jsdsç z bdp sqfp mfmdp" Gdzqd cf 4>" Bv`çd cf 41 z Pdphd cf >-

Fpsoz ajfm" yfqo sfmeo yqoabfgdp òm vmd yjfqmd yoq fb òm'

efbdgjfmso tvf pvnqç fm fb yjf- Soco nvf gvz kocjco" zo fpsdad fm fb

Pfq~j`jo Gjbjsdq d bop 48 dôop" fm bd @ogydôçd Gf`dmj{dcd 49- Ndbsd'

ad vmd pfgdmd ydqd bd adkd z mop tvfcdgop d`vdqsfbdcop yoq oqcfm

pvyfqjoq ¿Sf jgdejmäp?- Sv~jgop tvf jq d avp`dq vmo yoq vmo d bop

ògydôfqop tvf zd pf hdaçdm jco- Fbjejfqom d bop 19 gfkoqfp sjqdcoqfp-

Mo pdaçdp mj tvf cf`jqbf--- Fm qfdbjcdc mdcjf fmsfmcçd mdcd" yfqo zd bd

pvyfqjoqjcdc pdaçd tvf pf yqfydqdad bd evfqqd- Socop d yqfpfmsdqpf d

bdp 5 cf bd gdôdmd- Dbbç fpsv~jgop pðbo vmd pfgdmd z fb cçd 40" cjqf`so

d Qço Edbbfeop- Db cçd pjevjfmsf pjm fp`dbdp d Gdb~jmdp comcf bbfed'

gop fm fb hoqdqjo cf op`vqf`jgjfmso sosdb- ¿Tvê pfmsçd? Gjfco---

Bdp ~o`fp z bdp hjpsoqjdp+

Qfyoqsdkf db ògydôfqo Dsjbjo Nj`dqqdfx ògadsjfmsf cf Gdb~jmdp+

+ Sfpsjgomjo qfòejco yoq Pjb~jd ^fbjso z Ejpfbd Bðyf{ (Cfbfed`jðm Gjmjpsfqjo cf Fòmogçd*-

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GDB^JMDP

401

D bop yfyfp dqgdgop bd `dqyd ydqd cop- @vdmco mop cdm bdpdqgdp mop tvfqçdgop goqjq< fqdm bop gjpgop nvpjbfp tvf hdaçd vpdcobd `bdpf >0- Pf bbdgdadm Mdso z fqdm cf bo yfoq- Bvaqçtvfmbop z dqqê'ebfmpf" nvf bd oqcfm-

Fb 46 sv~jgop tvf `dgjmdq cfb Dfqoyvfqso hdpsd Yvfqso Dq'efmsjmo tvf fqd fb sfdsqo cf oyfqd`jomfp òm vm `dqedgfmso tvf mopqf~fmsdad- Vm eqvyo ~jo cop `ho{dp dadmcomdcdp z dhç nvjgop òmbdp qdcjop- Aogadqcfdadm d bo boò- @ogçdgop gdb< zo tvf yfpdad:9 Le- ~ob~ç òm 59- Z moposqop" cfmsqo cf soco fpsäadgop gäp sqdm'tvjbop" yfqo fb nqço z bd pfmpd`jðm cf tvf fm `vdbtvjfq gogfmso pf mop~fmçd fb cfpdpsqf" sf gdsdad- Mvfpsqd sdqfd òmpjpsçd fm bd ògvmj`d'

`jðm òm bdp bçmfdp cf d~dm{dcd

59 cçdp sv~f tvf adm`dqgf qoôopo" gdb ògjco z òm vm nqçocf gvfqsf- Z fb gjfco--- Pjbfm`jo z mo yqosfpsdq-

Fpsv~f yqjpjomfqo cf bop jmebfpfp 3 cçdp tvf nvfqom bop gf' koqfp" yoq bo gfmop" yvcjgop adôdqmop" ògfq z daqjedqmop- Yoò pfpdaçd poaqf bo tvf fpsdad ydpdmco z gf pvajfqom d vmd adq`d{d tvfmd~feð 399 gfsqop comcf mop fpyfqdad fb Adhçd Ydqdçpo- Nvf vm~jdkf hoqqjabf" sfmçd cjdqqfd z fb obfdkf fqd fmoqgf z òmpsdmsf- Fm 3 o6 cçdp bbfedgop d Pdmsd @qv{- Mop `dqedqom fm vm d~jðm qvgao db Yd'bogdq- Cvqdmsf vmd pfgdmd mop sv~jfqom òm ypj`ðboeop ydqd tvf moòmsäqdgop mdcd z ydqd cdqmop bop co`vgfmsop sv~jgop tvf fpyfqdq adpsdmsf-

Bd ògydôçd qfeqfpð d Ydbfqgo z mop gdmcdqom d `dpd òm~d`d`jomfp cf vm gfp- Bop ògydôfqop cf Fòmogçd gf qf`jajfqom

òm `dqjôo" yfqo ògfm`ê d pvnqjq cf cfyqfpjðm-

Pjfgyqf fpsv~f gvz bjedco d bd Cfbfed`jðm cf VY@M yfqocfpyvêp cf dbevmdp gdbdp fxyfqjfm`jdp gf cfcjtvê sosdbgfmsf db eqf'gjo- Zo fpsv~f dôop fm Yfqpomdb z gv`ho sjfgyo fm Gfpd cf Fmsqd'cdp- Gf bdp pdaçd socdp" sqdadkdad pobjso z sfmçd soco fm oqcfm yfqojevdb gf gfsjfqom dbevjfm òm gäp bfsqd tvf mo pdaçd mdcd- Ydpdpjfgyqf---

Cfb 81 db :1 mo qf`jaçdgop vm gdmeo" cfpyvêp gf cjfqom bd

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

400

Yfmpjðm Md`jomdb" fm fb 1993 fqdm #399" cfpyvêp mop dvgfmsdqom vmyoò z Ydgj mop yqoyoq`jomd 49 dôop cf sfqdyjd- Fm qfdbjcdc fpsozajfm" vm yoò gf gobfpsd fb yjf z gf d`vfqco- Pom òpdp tvf mo ao'qqdp mvm`d gäp- Yfqo fpsoz ~j~o ¿mo?

Bfp tvjfqo deqdcf`fq gv`ho yoq dòqcdqpf pjfgyqf cf gç-

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

406

‒Fm fb dôo 4:81" ydqsj`jyð òm fb EDCD >94 z òm bd Adsfqçd cf Sjqo A cfb EDCD Gjxso >91" fm bd Evfqqd cf bdp Gdb~jmdp- Bd gjpjðm cf cfnfmcfq bop

oakfsj~op ~jsdbfp dpjemdcop" nvf `vgybjcd fm noqgd ògybfsd z f`jfmsf"

pfeûm bo òqqoaoqdqom bdp yêqcjcdp ògyqoadcdp z qfòmo`jcdp yoq bop aqjsä'

mjòp‗- Sogdco cf vm jmnoqgf poaqf Gdb~jmdp-

Fcvdqco Fgdmvfbbj sqdadkd fm bd pf``jðm gvcdm{dp cf bd Dc'

gjmjpsqd`jðm Md`jomdb cf Pfevqjcdc Po`jdb (DMPFP*-Fp ̀ bdpf >4" yfqo bd ̀ dqsd ydqd fb pfq~j`jo gjbjsdq bf bbfeð sdqcf"

yoq bo tvf nvf fmqobdco d bop 14 dôop- Jmeqfpð fb 4» cf gdq{o cf 4:84fm fb Eqvyo cf Dqsjbbfqçd cf Cfnfmpd Dmsjdêqfd >91 (EDCD* ̀ om dpjfmsofm Gdq cfb Ybdsd" ògo jmnqd`soq d bd Bfz cf Fmqobdgjfmso- Dvmtvf fbfqqoq mo fqd pvzo" bf dqgdqom tvf ‒sf ~dp fm bd ûbsjgd adkd‗- Bf so`ðfm pvfqsf bd adsfqçd A cfb >91" fm bop ̀ vdbfp hdaçd ̀ dôomfp dmsjdêqfop

z fb bdm{dgjpjbfp cf oqjefm nqdmò'dbfgäm Qobdmc- Kvpsdgfmsf vmd pf'gdmd dmsfp cf cdqbf bd adkd fpsdbbð fb òmj`so yoq mvfpsqdp Gdb~jmdp-Bop 39 pobcdcop nvfqom d`vdqsfbdcop" sfmçdm 38 hoqdp ydqd cfpyfcjqpfcf pvp pfqfp tvfqjcop" dc~jqsjêmcobfp tvf fb tvf mo ~ob~jfpf pfqçd ̀ om'pjcfqdco cfpfqsoq- Fcvdqco fpsv~o ̀ om pv gdcqf" bd ̀ vdb pvnqçd gv`ho

@om~fqpdmco òm Fcvdqco Fgdmvfbbj"sqdadkdcoq cf Dmpfp z ~fsfqdmo cf Gdb~jmdp+

+ Mvfpsqo deqdcf`jgjfmso db ògydôfqo Mêpsoq @oqcdpò" tvjfm nd`jbjsð fpsf fm`vfmsqo-Sfpsjgomjo qfòejco yoq Gdq`fbo P`dmv-

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

40>

òm fpsd pjsvd`jðm jmfpyfqdcd- Pvp osqop hfqgdmop fqdm yftvfôop zmo fmsfmcçdm gvz ajfm bop hf`hop-

Fb 49 cf Daqjb vm d~jðm bo sqdpbdcd d @ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd"

comcf tvfcdm d`dmsomdcop ~dqjop cçdp hdpsd tvf osqo d~jðm" ̀ j~jb z cfyftvfôo sdgdôo" db tvf bf hdaçdm pd`dco pvp dpjfmsop" bop sqdpbdcdbbf~ämcopf `dcd pobcdco vm aobpo z pv nvpjb NDB- Fb dqgdgfmso yfpd'co bo bbf~dad vm adqò- Dqqjadm db Dfqoyvfqso cf Gdb~jmdp comcf tvf'cdm 0 cçdp z bvfeo vm `dgjðm bop bbf~d d pv cfpsjmo" db Gomsf Pdyyfq Hjbb" mo bfkop cf Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo- Bop bbf~dm kvmso d bop qdcdqfp cf bdNvfq{d Dêqfd z cfb Fkêq`jso-

Bd qfdbjcdc cf bd evfqqd ̀ qvfb bop eobyfd fb 4» cf Gdzo" cçd cfbyqjgfq aogadqcfo- Fcvdqco `db`vbd tvf bd sfgyfqdsvqd fqd cf '49 »@dyqoxjgdcdgfmsf- Êb fpsdad fm pv svqmo cf 3 hoqdp cf evdqcjd kvmso db`dôðm dmsjdêqfo cf 19gg-" pjm ftvjyo dcf`vdco yoq bo tvf pf `vaqçdòm cop gdmsdp- @vdmco d`bdqdad pf poaqfpdbsð" bop d~jomfp ydpdadmyoq fm`jgd" bf sfgabdqom bdp yjfqmdp- Fqdm `vdsqo d~jomfp" cf bop `vd'bfp fb Qobdmc cfqqjað vmo- Pfeûm bop cdsop o`vbsdcop bvfeo yoq bop jm'ebfpfp" osqop cf bop d~jomfp sdgajêm nvfqom cfqqjadcop yoq cjnfqfmsfp

gfcjop- Gäp sdqcf pf d`fq`dqom d bd òpsd sqfp avtvfp jmebfpfp" yopj'`jomämcopf bo gäp `fq`d yopjabf d bdp >yg- Yoò cfpyvêp ògfm{d'qom d aogadqcfdqbop ̀ om pvp ̀ dôomfp cf eqdm db`dm`f- Fcvdqco z pvpògydôfqop pf sjqdqom cfsqäp cf vmdp yjfcqdp- Pjmsjfqom vmdp yjfcqdptvf bf eobyfdadm bdp yjfqmdp" yqocv`so cf bd yosfm`jd cf bdp fxybopjo'mfp yfqo dnoqsvmdcdgfmsf pf pdb~ð cf bdp fptvjqbdp- Vm ̀ ogydôfqo mosv~o sdmsd pvfqsf z vmd fptvjqbd bf jgyd`sð fm fb `dpo" sjqämcobo vmop

0 o 3 gfsqop" cfpgdzdco- Jgyd`sdqom vm `dgjðm cf ògvmj`d`jomfp<sdmso fb `dgjðm ògo bd adsfqçd fqdm oakfsj~op cf bop dsdtvfp yoq pvjgyoqsdm`jd fpsqdsêej`d- O`vqqjfqom gäp dsdtvfp" `vdmco pf sqdsdadcf bop eqdmcfp d~jomfp ^vb`dm" fpsop pf cjpsjmevçdm yoq bd fpsfbd tvfyqocv`çdm fm bdp dbsvqdp- Db fpsdq d 49999g cf dbsvqd" mo bop yocçdmqfyfbfq-

Kvpsdgfmsf yoq pfq vm oakfsj~o dyfsf`jco" ̀ dcd 1 o 0 cçdp gv'cdadm fb Qobdmc z socop bop `dôomfp dmsjdêqfop- Pf cfpybd{dadm fm'sqf Pdyyfq Hjbb" Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo z fb Dfqoyvfqso- Fcvdqco mop `vfmsd

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GDB^JMDP

405

tvf pv NDB mo fpsdad fm avfmdp òmcj`jomfp yvfp pf bf hdaçd qoso fbdvsogäsjò z cjpydqdad sjqo d sjqo- Fb `dôðm cf 19gg fqd gvz dmsjevo"`vdmco bbfedqom bop jmebfpfp mo bo yocçdm `qffq z ògfmsdqom tvf fqdvmd yjf{d cf gvpfo- Fb eqvyo hd`çd fb gdmsfmjgjfmso cf fpsdp dqgdp-Sdgajêm ̀ obdaoqdadm ̀ om bd ̀ dqed cf gjpjbfp z osqdp sdqfdp- Cfb eqvyocf o`ho pobcdcop cf Fcvdqco" socop ~ob~jfqom ~j~op- @vdmco bbfedqombop aqjsämjòp cfajfqom cfkdq socdp bdp dqgdp f jm`bvpo bop `dpòp-Hj`jfqom vmd yjbd òm fbbdp cfkdmco fm bd ydqsf pvyfqjoq fb `dpò db'`dm{dco yoq bd fptvjqbd- Pv cvfôo tvjpo bbf~äqpfbo ògo qf`vfqco"bop jmebfpfp fmsfmcjfqom pv cfpfo yfqo mo bo yfqgjsjfqom- Fpf 43 cfKvmjo nvf fb pvasfmjfmsf cfb Qobdmc fb `vdb bfp jmnoqgð poaqf bd qfm'

cj`jðm- Bop qfûmf z bfp yjcf tvf bfp d~jpfm d socop- @ogo d bdp 0 o 3hoqdp dydqf`jfqom bop jmebfpfp fm vm ~fhç`vbo sjyo kffy" hdabdqom òmfb o`jdb z ògfm{dqom d cfpybd{dqpf hd`jd Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo òm bdmosj`jd cf pfq yqomsdgfmsf qfydsqjdcop- Fp jmsfqfpdmsf cfpsd`dq tvffm fpsf `dpo pf bbf~dqom ajfm òm bop o`jdbfp z pvao`jdbfp cfb eqvyoz pobdgfmsf hvao vm jm`jcfmsf òm vm pvao`jdb `vdmco bd sfmpjðm cfbd evfqqd dbsfqð bop mfq~jop- Fm fpd `jq`vmpsdm`jd fb o`jdb pdbjð fm cf'nfmpd cf bop pobcdcop- Dûm hoz pf pjevfm ~jfmco z fxjpsf fmsqf socopfbbop vmd eqdm `dgdqdcfqçd-

Pf tvfcdqom sqfp cçdp fm vmop edbyomfp cf Yvfqso Dqefmsjmoydqd pfq fgadq`dcop fm fb avtvf jmebêp Moqshbdmc" comcf qf`jajfqomvm sqdso òqqf`so" òm vmd qd`jðm cf ògjcd `dcd 41 hoqdp z dbevmop`jedqqjbbop- Fcvdqco ògfmsd koòpdgfmsf tvf coqgçdm fm bd yjpsd cfbaobj`hf cfb adqò- Bop o`jdbfp z pvao`jdbfp fpsdadm fm osqdp cfyfm'cfm`jdp cfb adqò- Bop cfpfgadq`dm fm Yvfqso Gdcqzm" pom bbf~dcop

d bop `vdqsfbfp z db cçd pjevjfmsf fm d~jðm d Fb Ydbogdq mdbj{dmco fm@dgyo cf Gdzo- Ydpdqom `vdsqo cçdp pjm yocfq ògvmj`dqpf pjtvjfqdòm pv ndgjbjd" bd `vdb cfpòmo`çd pv pvfqsf- Fm fb çmsfqjm bfp hj`jf'qom sfpsp ypjòbðejòp- Pom sqdpbdcdcop d Gdq cfb Ybdsd" dpjfmso cf pvvmjcdc- Vmd gv`hfcvgaqf bop fpyfqð fm bd fpsd`jðm cf sqfmfp òmvm fgosj~o qf`jajgjfmso- Vmd ndgjbjd cfpòmo`jcd bo bbf~ð d pv hoedq-@ogjð" pf yvco adôdq z bo gäp jgyoqsdmsf" yvco ̀ ogvmj`dqpf ̀ om vmd

sçd bd `vdb d~jpð d pv ògyvmejcd gdcqf- Bbfeð d pv `dpd fm Avfmop Djqfp fb 18 cf kvmjo" cçd cf pv adkd- Bo fpsdadm fpyfqdmco pv ndgjbjd z

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GDB^JMDP

408

pv mo~jd" hoz pv fpyopd òm bd `vdb ògydqsfm sqfp hjkop z vm mjfso-

Fcvdqco fpsä òmsfmso yoq hdafq `vgybjco òm pv cfafq zòm fb Kvqdgfmso d bd Admcfqd- Ydqd êb pf hj{o gäp cf bo tvf pf yvco"

yoq bo bjgjsdco cf bop qf`vqpop- Ydqd qfnoq{dq fpsf hf`ho qf`vfqcd fbhdgaqf z ògo ydsfdad bdp yjfcqdp ydqd qfpsdabf`fq bd `jq`vbd`jðm fmbop yjfp" fm bop ûbsjgop cçdp cfb òmj`so-

Pf cfpyjcf cj`jfmco; ‒@vdmco pop `hjò kveäp d bd evfqqd<`vdmco fpsäp" fp bo yfoq tvf hdz‗-

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

40:

Sfmçd 43 dôop `vdmco yoq gfcjo cf bd sfbf~jpjðm gf fmsfqêtvf bd Admcfqd Dqefmsjmd omcfdad fm bo dbso cf bop gäpsjbfp cf bdpJpbdp Gdb~jmdp-

Bd dbfeqçd tvf jm~dcjð d socd bd po`jfcdc sdgajêm gf db`dm'{ð- Z dtvfbbd fvnoqjd pf nvf dtvjfsdmco d gfcjcd tvf bd osd jmebfpd

pf d`fq`dad-

@qfçdgop fm bd ~j`soqjd-

Yfqo pdaçd tvf mvfpsqop pobcdcop ydcf`fqçdm fb nqço fm bdpsqjm`hfqdp" fm bd pobfcdc cf bd mo`hf òm bd gvfqsf qomcdmco" cf `dqddb fmfgjeo" yfqo qfpjpsjfmco òm qgf{d fm cfnfmpd cf bd ydsqjd-

@om bd fp`vfbd mop oqedmj{dgop z fm~jdgop ̀ hoòbdsfp" qoyd

cf daqjeo z ̀ dqsdp d mvfpsqop tvfqjcop z bfkdmop pobcdcop" ydqd tvf pfpjmsjfqdm dògydôdcop-

Fb hêqof hdaçd cfkdco cf pfq fb yqçm`jyf d{vb gomsdco fm vm`dadbbo abdmò ydqd sqdmpnoqgdqpf fm vm òmp`qjyso ̀ vgybjfmco pv pfq'~j`jo gjbjsdq fm fb nqfmsf d bop 48 dôop-

Nvf dpç tvf" d bop yoòp cçdp cf sfqgjmdcd bd evfqqd" qf`jaovmd ~jpjsd jmfpyfqdcd- Vm gv`hd`ho dbso z cfbedco" òm vmjnoqgf ~fq'

cf gjbjsdq z aojmd qokd" fpsdad fpyfqämcogf fm fb vgaqdb cf bd yvfqsdcf gj `dpd-

D gj pobcdco

Pfb~d Gomsfmfeqo

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

439

Sfmçd vmd `dqsd fmsqf bdp gdmop-

Fqd gj `dqsd-

Êb hdaçd fpsdco fm Gdb~jmdp z fpd `dqsd bo hdaçd pdb~dco cf

bd cfpfpyfqd`jðm z fb sfqqoq cf bd gvfqsf `fq`dmd- Fb `dboq cf dtvfbbdpydbdaqdp hj{o tvf" d yfpdq cf ~fq d pvp ògydôfqop goqjq d pv bdco"tvjpjfqd pfevjq dcfbdmsf òm bd gjpjðm tvf Cjop bf hdaçd yvfpso fm pv`dgjmo-

Z sfqgjmð bd evfqqd" z êb ~jmo d gj `dpd d cdqgf bdp eqd`jdp-

¤Dgjeo pobcdco" zo deqdcf{ò sv ~dbfmsçd" sv dqqoko cfgop'sqdco db cfnfmcfq bop òboqfp cf bd admcfqd" z fm sç ~d gj hogfmdkf dsocop bop tvf dqqjfpedqom pv ~jcd yoq bd ydsqjd$

Pobcdco" gj pobcdco" dvmtvf hdzdm ydpdco 18 dôop" sf qf'`vfqco òm fgo`jomdcdp bäeqjgdp" z pf gf tvjfaqd bd ~o{ `vdmco sfmogaqo" pjm pjtvjfqd òmo`fq sv mogaqf" pobcdco" yoqtvf sf nvjpsf zpðbo gf cfkdpsf bdp eqd`jdp-

Fp vm homoq pfq dqefmsjmd jevdb tvf ~op- Fb ~dboq tvf cfgop'

sqdpsf cfnfmcjfmco mvfpsqd poafqdmçd sf fmdbsf`f z gf pjfmso oqevbbo'pd cf hdafqsf òmo`jco-

Cjop sf afmcjed pobcdco" Gj Pobcdco-

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

434

Sqdadkd fm ^jdbjcdc Md`jomdb cfpcf 4:80- ^jdkð d bdp JpbdpGdb~jmdp cfpcf @ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd fm nvm`jðm cf ̀ dgjbbfqo" mo òg'adsjð pjmo tvf f~d`vð d bop pobcdcop hfqjcop" sqdpbdcämcobop db òmsj'mfmsf- Dqqjað d bdp Jpbdp fb 8 cf daqjb z qfeqfpð db òmsjmfmsf db mdb cf

bd evfqqd- Sfmçd 48 dôop z fpsdad adko kvqdgfmso-

‐Nvf gvz eqdmcf jq d bd evfqqd" jgyd`sdmsf- @om bop dôopyvcf dpvgjqbo- Yoqtvf ydpdgop nqço z hdgaqf ògo soco pobcdco-

‐¿Hdabdadp òm bop hfqjcop?

‐Pç" bop dògydôdad hdpsd tvf fqdm f~d`vdcop cf bd Jpbd-

‐¿Z `ðgo nvf sv ~vfbsd?

‐Nvjgop socop yqjpjomfqop- Fgadq`dgop fm fb ‒@dgafqqd‗ z

D`so fm ^jdbjcdc Md`jomdb

Fm vm d`so fgosj~o" oqedmj{dco yoq bd Cfbfed`jðm ̂ jdbjcdc Md`jomdb" pf

sogdqom sfpsjgomjop d ~fsfqdmop cf evfqqd cf Gdb~jmdp tvf ~jmjfqom

cf cj~fqpdp yqo~jm`jdp-

Fpsv~o yqfpfmsf fm cj`ho d`so fb Dcgjmjpsqdcoq cf ^jdbjcdc Md`jomdb"

Mfbpom Evjbbfqgo Yfqjossj< mvfpsqo Pf`qfsdqjo Efmfqdb" Dmcqêp Qocqç'evf{< z ̀ ogydôfqdp z ̀ ogydôfqop cf @ogjpjðm Cjqf`sj~d cf Pf``jomdb

@dyjsdb-

@ogo ̀ ompf`vfm`jd cfb d`so pf bfp osoqeð vm qfpdq`jgjfmso fòmðgjò

d bop ~fsfqdmop z pf jmeqfpð d bop hjkop cf bop gjpgop tvf mo sfmçdm

sqdadko-

Hveo Koqef Kdqdp

8/2/2019 Malvinas 2011


GDB^JMDP

431

cfpfgadq`dgop fm Yvfqso Gdcqzm-

‐¿@ðgo sf sqdsdqom?

‐Gvz ajfm

‐@vdmco bbfedpsf d sv `jvcdc" tvê ydpo?

‐Moposqop bbfedgop d Sqfbfu z cfpyvêp fpsv~jgop vm gfp fm@ogocoqo Qj~dcd~jd-

‐¿Yoq tvê?

‐Yoqtvf sfmçdgop tvf cf`jq tvf soco fpsv~o ajfm" tvf bopo`jdbfp mop sqdsdqom ajfm z fpdp òpdp-

‐¿Fpso nvf `jfqso?

‐Pç" nvf `jfqso-

‐Fmsom`fp" yoq tvê sfmçdm tvf òm~fm`fqbop?

‐Yoqtvf fb pobcdco cf Gdb~jmdp ~j~jð gv`ho nqço z hdgaqf-Bop pvyfqjoqfp ~j~jfqom gv`ho gfkoq-

‐Yfqo dcfgäp cf ~j~jq gfkoq hvao gdbop sqdsop cf dbevmop cfbop o`jdbfp" mo cjeo cf socop" yfqo hvao-

‐Pç" yoqtvf moposqop pdaçdgop tvf fpsäadgop fm vmd evf'

qqd z fbbop `qfçdm tvf fpsdadm fm jmpsqv``jðm gjbjsdq- Mop hd`çdm hd`fq òpdp tvf mo fqdm ydqd vmd evfqqd" mop fpsdtvfdqom" mop yomçdm adkodqqfpso-

‐¿@om tvê gosj~o?

‐Yoq sfmfq fb dqgd `dqedcd" yoq qoadq ydqd ògfq… Sfmçd'gop hdgaqf-

‐¿@ðgo ~fp fpso tvf db ~ob~fq" dbevmop cf bop pobcdcop pfpvj`jcdqom?

‐Fb pobcdco mo sv~o fb qfòmo`jgjfmso cf bd po`jfcdc z db qf'eqfpdq pf fmòmsqð pjm sqdadko-

‐ôp" db ~ob~fq fgyf{dpsf fm ^jdbjcdc- @ðgo sf pfmsçp?

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GDB^JMDP

430

‐Ajfm- Qf`vfqco bop d`sop cfb 1 cf daqjb z hoz fm fpsf d`sogf pjfmso gvz nfbj{- Fpsoz fgo`jomdco- Mo fpyfqdad fpso cf ^jdbjcdcz fpsdgop socop gvz òmsfmsop-

Koqef Pdbcj~d

@bdpf 4:>1" jmeqfpð db Pfq~j`jo Gjbjsdq fm 4:84 fm fb Qfej'gjfmso cf Jmndmsfqçd 16 Pdqgjfmso d bdp ðqcfmfp cfb Sfmjfmsf @oqomfbPfjmfbcjm- Fb 3 cf daqjb cf 4:81 bo sqdmpfqfm d bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp-

‐^j~jgop gäp o gfmop pfsfmsd cçdp fm Yo{o cfb [oqqo" fm jm'nfqjoqjcdc cf òmcj`jomfp- Mvfpsqdp dqgdp fqdm cf bd pfevmcd evfqqdgvmcjdb- @vdmco db yqjm`jyjo mop cj`fm tvf fb Sfmjfmsf @oqomfb hdaçdsogdco bdp Jpbdp mop nvjgop fm d~jðm ̀ omsfmsop yoqtvf mo pdaçdgop botvf pf ~fmçd- Poyoqsdgop nqço z hdgaqf hdpsd tvf bd evfqqd ̀ ogfm{ð-Pj hdpsd fpf gogfmso ògçdgop gvz yoò" cçd yoq gfcjo" db ògfm'{dq bd evfqqd nvf yfoq-

‐¿Fpsdadm yqfydqdcop gfmsdbgfmsf?‐Sfmçdgop vm dôo cf jmpsqv``jðm" dbeo cf òmo`jgjfmso cf

dqgdp yfqo bo tvf mop ndbsð nvf daqjeo- Cf gj pf`soq gvqjfqom om`fògydôfqop yqocv`so cf bd bv`hd `vfqyo d `vfqyo-

‐@omsdgf `ðgo nvf fb gogfmso cf bd qfmcj`jðm-

‐Mop d~jpdadm tvf Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo pf hdaçd qfmcjco- Zd pfpdaçd yoq bo tvf fpsäadgop ydpdmco z nvf vmd sqjpsf{d gvz eqdmcf ~fq bd admcfqd jmebfpd dgfdq comcf moposqop hdaçdgop j{dco bd mvfpsqd"tvf mop hdaçd òpsdco sdmso- Dhoqd ~fqbd `dfq--- Mop sv~jfqom yqjpjo'mfqop fm vm hdmedq- Êqdgop fmsqf >99" 599 pobcdcop- mop bbf~dqom d

Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo" db avtvf Hopyjsdb Adhçd Ydqdçpo- Sv~jgop yoò ̀ om'sd`so òm bop jmebfpfp" yfqo mop sqdsdqom ajfm z vmd ~f{ tvf yjpdgopbd yqod cfb Adhçd Ydqdçpo" mop cjfqom vm ̀ dgdqosf ̀ om devd ̀ dbjfmsf zògjcd- Coqgç soco fb ~jdkf hdpsd cfpfgadq`dq fm Yvmsd Tvjbbd comcf

nvjgop sqdpbdcdcop hdpsd fb òmsjmfmsf fm d~jomfp cf bd Dqgdcd" fp'

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sv~jgop 46 cçdp gäp hdpsd sfqgjmdq bop sqägjsfp z bvfeo mop cjfqom fbydpdkf d Sqfbfu-

‐¿Tvê ydpð db ~ob~fq d sv `dpd?

‐Sv~f tvf hd`fqgf dsfmcfq cvqdmsf 46 cçdp fm fb Hopyjsdb zbvfeo ~ob~fq fm vm `dgjðm- Gjp ydcqfp mo gf qfòmo`jfqom" yoqtvf db~jdkdq d bdp Jpbdp yfpdad >0 ljbop z db qfeqfpdq yfpdad dyfmdp 63 ljbop"vm fptvfbfso-

‐¿@ðgo poaqfbbf~äp fpsd fxyfqjfm`jd?

‐Gf òmf`sê òm vm `fmsqo cf fx ògadsjfmsfp z eqd`jdp dfpso yvcf poyoqsdq socop fpsop dôop sdm cjnç`jbfp- Bd yops evfqqd nvf

gvz cjnç`jb" mo sfmçdgop òmsfm`jðm- Bd ûmj`d nvf bd tvf mop cäadgopfmsqf moposqop gjpgop- Mo fqd nä`jb ̀ omsdq tvf" yoq fkfgybo" fpsv~f fmvm yo{o òm '19»@ z tvf sf `qfdm< pobdgfmsf moposqop bo pdaçdgop-Yfqo fb eoajfqmo mop jemoqð- Qf`jêm fb eoajfqmo cf Mêpsoq Ljq`hmfq mop dzvcð gv`ho" hoz yfq`jajgop gvz ajfm-

Fb 4: cf daqjb cf 4:80 ògfm`ê fm ^jdbjcdc- Fm dtvfb go'gfmso avptvê yoq socop bdcop" z dtvç fpsoz hd`f 18 dôop fm bd ydqsf

cf pfôdbj{d`jðm-

@om bd po`jfcdc fpsdgop gvz ajfm yoqtvf bd efmsf mvm`dmop cfkð pobop-

Fnqdçm Gdqqomf

Sfmçd 6> dôop `vdmco nvf òm~o`dco ògo sqdadkdcoq cf ^jd'bjcdc Md`jomdb ydqd jq d bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp-

‐Nvj ògo ~obvmsdqjo z gj sdqfd fqd bd dsfm`jðm cf bdp gä'

tvjmdp z bop `dgjomfp" zd tvf nvj ògo sê`mjò ~jdb- Hfgop ydpdcomvfpsqop gogfmsop dbbä ̀ om fb òqd{ðm yvfpso fm fb bvedq" tvfqjfmco dmvfpsqd ydsqjd" yoq fpo hj`jgop fpo- Z pj hoz yvcjfqd hd`fqbo" bo hdqçdosqd ~f{-

Nvf cvqo yoqtvf moposqop mo ̀ omsäadgop ̀ om fb ftvjydgjfm'

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so z bd fxyfqjfm`jd tvf bop jmebfpfp yopfçdm- Dydqsf" sjfmfm vmd òpdtvf moposqop mo sfmfgop; fbbop fqdm dpfpjmop- Fpd fqd pv ~fmsdkd- Zd~fm bo tvf hj`jfqom òm fb @qv`fqo Efmfqdb Afbeqdmo" z bo tvf hd`çdmsocop bop cçdp" aogadqcfdmco bd jpbd-

Mo yjfqco bd fpyfqdm{d tvf bdp efmfqd`jomfp tvf ~jfmfm yvf'cdm òmpfevjq bdp Gdb~jmdp- Mop cfm bd poqyqfpd cf qf`vyfqdqbdp òm'~fqpdmco- Fpsoz òm~fm`jco tvf òm~fqpdmco pf yvfcfm òmpfevjq-

Bop `vdsqo tvf nvjgop cf ^jdbjcdc (pf qffqf db eqvyo tvfòmnoqgð kvmso d Dbafqso Ednnvqj" Qoafqso @oeoqmo z Nd`vmcoSobd~d*fpsäadgop vmjcop fm bdp avfmdp z fm bdp gdbdp-

‐¿Tvê ydpð db ~ob~fq? ¿@ðgo pf qfjmpfqsð fm fb ägajso bdao'qdb? ¿@ðgo fpsdad pv ndgjbjd?

‐Bd ndgjbjd pf pfmsçd oqevbbopd" yoqtvf fbbop pdaçdm tvf zohdaçd jco òm pv òmpfmsjgjfmso- Bf yqfevmsê d gj fpyopd pj fpsdadajfm tvf nvfqd z fbbd cjko tvf pj zo sfmçd tvf goqjq" mo jad d pfq fbbdtvjfm bo gocj`dqd- ‒Pj fpsäp fm fb ̀ vdcqo cf bop tvf sjfmfm tvf goqjq"~dp d jq dvmtvf zo cjed mo" dpç tvf `vjcdsf" yfmpä fm bd ndgjbjd z mdcdgäp‗- Z mo pv`fcjð" mo fpsäadgop fm fpf `vdcqo-

Pfevç sqdadkdmco moqgdbgfmsf `vdmco qfeqfpê-

Fb yqjgfq cçd cf gj qfeqfpo fp`v`hdad vm d~jðm z gf gfsçdadko bd `dgd" òpd tvf mo hd`jd dbbä yoqtvf mo hdaçd-

Cfpyvêp cf adpsdmsf sjfgyo sv~o yämjò" gf gfcj`dqom z dydqsjq cf dhç mo sv~f gäp yqoabfgdp- Yfqo fb yämjò tvfcd fm fb `vfq'yo-

Nd`vmco Sobd~d

D`svdbgfmsf fpsä kvajbdco z ~j~f fm Pdbsd-

‐Bo tvf ~j~ç" fp ydqf`jco d bo tvf mop ydpð d socop- Zo pozgdtvjmjpsd" fp cf`jq" oyfqdcoq cf ftvjyop" ̀ ogo soydcoqdp" gosomj~f'bdcoqdp-

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‐¿@ðgo nvf bd ~vfbsd" bd qfjmpfq`jðm bdaoqdb?

‐Ajfm d Cjop eqd`jdp- @vdmco ~ob~ç cf Gdb~jmdp fpsdad vm yo'tvjso sqdpsoqmdco" yfqo cfpyvêp pf gf ydpð- Fm bd ndgjbjd" tvjfm gäp

pvnqjð nvf gj hjko-

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1 cf Daqjb" cf 199:

D gj hjko Aqvmo;

D svp hfqgopop om`f dôop z dhoqd tvf ydpdqom zd 15" cfdtvfb Daqjb cfb 4:81" gf ydqf`jð vmd avfmd oyoqsvmjcdc òmsdqsf dbgfmop vmd ydqsf cf bd hjpsoqjd- Zd òmo`fp yoq bop bjaqop" tvf fpdpyftvfôdp jpbdp tvf ~fp ajfm dadko fm fb gdyd" z tvf d ~f`fp hdpsd bdpmogaqdm fm osqo jcjogd" mop yfqsfmf`fm" z tvf nvfqom vpvqydcdp yoq osqd md`jðm" fm fbbdp tvfcdqom jmmjcdc cf hjpsoqjdp yfqpomdbfp-

Sf ̀ vfmso tvf vm cçd ̀ ogo hoz" 1 cf daqjb" yfqo cf 4:81" ydyäpf fmòmsqdad nqfmsf d fpf yfcd{o cf sjfqqd sdm ydqsj`vbdq tvf bbdgdm"jpbdp Gdb~jmdp- Bd mjfabd bo `vaqçd soco" sdm fpyfpd tvf dyfmdp pfyocçd cjpsjmevjq tvf fpo fqd sjfqqd- Mvfpsqo ydçp hdaçd cf`jcjco yomfq m db dqqfadso cf gäp cf 499 dôop" fm fpf gogfmso sdm fpyf`jdb" yoq vm jmpsdmsf fb pfmsjgjfmso nvf cf oqevbbo" yfqo ̀ ogo vm qdzo" gj gfmsfgf bbf~ð vm yoò gdp dcfbdmsf" z fb nvsvqo tvf ~jpbvgaqf" mo fqd fb

gfkoq-

@dqsd d gj hjko

Qj`dqco Mjòbäp Gçsobo

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Sqdmp`vqqjð fb sjfgyo" z êb" gf cjo bd qd{ðm" cf qfyfmsf soco pfòm~jqsjð fm nvfeo" gjfco" z cfpfpyfqd`jðm" fb gompsqvo hdaçd dajfq'so pv ao`d" z pf yqfpfmsdad cf bd yfoq gdmfqd" cçdp fmsfqop comcfbd gfmsf tvfcð abotvfdcd" @ogydôfqop tvf hdpsd dzfq hdaçdgopògydqsjco cçdp cf dcobfp`fmsfp" mop fmòmsqäadgop fm pjsvd`jomfpbçgjsfp" fb devd pf gfsçd yoq socop bdcop" fb devd pf sqdedad hdpsd fbfpyd`jo nçpjò" z òm êb" pf bbf~dad d mvfpsqop dgjeop- Pf hdaçd yfqcj'co bd qd{ðm cfb sjfgyo" soco pf ydqf`çd" gdôdmd" sdqcf" mo`hf" mo pfcjpsjmevçdm bdp cop cf bd sdqcf cf bdp `vdsqo cf bd gdôdmd" fb djqf pfhdaçd ~vfbso sfmpo" dbfqsd" hdaçd fpsdbbdco" bo tvf bbdgdm evfqqd-

Êpsd" vm cçd sfqgjmð" yfqo mop fpyfqdad" osqd evfqqd" fb qf'soqmo" d cjnfqfm`jd cf bo tvf yfmpäadgop cfpcf mvfpsqd jmo`fm`jdcf `hjòp" (yoqtvf êqdgop `hjòp*" fb cfpfo cf bbfedq d mvfpsqo bvedq comcf soco pfqjdm daqd{op" òmsfm`jðm z ògyqfmpjðm" mo nvf dpç" bbf'edgop ̀ om bd fpydbcd ̀ dmpdcd" fb ̀ vfqyo bbfmo cf nqço" z fb hdgaqf tvfhdaçd hf`ho pv sqdadko" dbevmop bbfedqom cf mo`hf" osqop cf cçd" yfqoòm bd gjpgd op`vqjcdc" dqqdpsqdmco vmd sqjpsf{d tvf bbfed pjm d~jpdq"

z tvf dûm yfqcvqd- Bd qjpd" dhoqd `vfpsd vm yoò gäp" bd gjqdcd pfoyd`d" dbevmop òm fb sjfgyo cfsfmjco fm fpf gogfmso" osqop tvf mopoyoqsdqom bop ndmsdpgdp z cf`jcjfqom osqd òpd" pðbo fb daqd{o cf bdndgjbjd nvf bd ̀ omsfm`jðm" fb qfpso nvf jmcjnfqfm`jd" ̀ ogo socd ~vfbsd cfvm ògadsjfmsf tvf hd yfqcjco bd adsdbbd- Cf fbbd mo pf ~vfb~f ògohêqof" fm bdp evfqqdp bop hêqofp tvfcdm cfadko cf bd sjfqqd o adko fbgdq- Mdcjf qfeqfpd pdmo" bdp hfqjcdp d ~f`fp pf ~fm z osqdp ~f`fp

mo" yfqo pjfgyqf cvfbf dbeo" z fm bd gfmsf" dbeo hd o`vydco vm bvedq fpyf`jdb-

Fp yoq fpo hjko" tvf fp mf`fpdqjo ̀ omo`fq tvf fpop cop yfcd'`jsop cf sjfqqd tvf pf ~fm fm fb gdyd" òpsdqom z dûm pjevfm òpsdmcobd ~jcd cf gv`hdp yfqpomdp tvf fqdm fm pv gogfmso" ydcqfp" hfqgd'mop" gdqjcop z poaqf soco" hjkop cf gdcqfp tvf dvm qf`vfqcdm fpop

cçdp òm fb gjpgo coboq tvf hd`f 15 dôop-

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Fm dbeûm gogfmso pfqäm svzop bop cjybogdp z bdp gfcdbbdp"z `vdmco sf yqfevmsfm yoq gj" pobdgfmsf cjbfp tvf sv ydcqf" cfpcf fbbvedq tvf bf soò" hvgjbcfgfmsf `vgybjð cdmco soco bo tvf sfmjd z botvf yvco" dvmtvf mo hdzd db`dm{dco" yfqo fpo" zd fp osqd hjpsoqjd"z sf dpfevqo tvf pj hoz nvfqdp ~op fb tvf sfmcqçd tvf ydpdq yoq fpdfxyfqjfm`jd" mo cvcdqçd vm pfevmco fm o`vydq sv bvedq" mo yfqgjsjqçdtvf mdcjf defbf sv `vfqyo mj sv gfmsf" dvmtvf bd pjsvd`jðm dpç bo qf'tvjfqd" mo pf yvfcf d`svdq òm nvfeo" ydqd fpo fpsäm bdp ydbdaqdp" zpj bdp ydbdaqdp mo db`dm{dm" hdz tvf avp`dq ‒gäp ydbdaqdp‗- Pj socofpso" `df fm pdò qoso" hd pjco fm ~dmo bd fmsqfed cf bo gäp yqf`jdcocf gjp ògydôfqop" bd ~jcd-

Svzo" ydyä-

Qj`dqco Mjòbäp Gçsobo; Md`jð fb 6 cf Cj`jfgaqf cf 4:>1" fm @dyjsdb

Nfcfqdb- Sqdadkd fm bd Pjmcj`dsvqd Efmfqdb cf bd Md`jðm cfpcf Pfy'

sjfgaqf cfb 4:::- Cfpcf fb 4:86 ̀ om~j~f ̀ om Dbfkdmcqd z sjfmfm vm hjko-

Bd yjmsvqd z bd bf`svqd pf fm`vfmsqdm fmsqf pvp yqjm`jydbfp jmsfqfpfp-

Hd ydqsj`jydco fm cj~fqpdp gvfpsqdp yj`sðqj`dp-

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Hoz tvf mo fpsäp" `djeo fm bd `vfmsd" ògo pj `dzfqd fm vmdajpgo jmgfmpvqdabf" tvf vmo" ògo cf`çd com Kvpsjmo" gvfqf vmsdmso dpç ̀ om fb dgjeo tvf pf ~d d osqop sjfgyop hfqgêsjòp z gjpsfqjo'pop fm fb tvf mop ~ob~fqfgop d gjqdq ydqd qfòmo`fqmop fm bd yvqf{dcf bd dgjpsdc z fb ògydôfqjpgo-

^j gv`hop qopsqop òm bäeqjgdp" z bboqê-

Bboqê dqqdpdco yoq bop qf`vfqcop cf bd ~jcd fm ògûm" cf so'cdp bdp bv`hdp" bdp dpdgabfdp svgvbsvopdp z cf ~o{ fm `vfbbo fm fbQfejpsqo" bdp gdq`hdp z bdp òqqjcdp" cf fpdp tvf mvm`d ndbsdm `vdmcopf sqdsd cf bjcjdq fm bdp `dbbfp yoq bdp qfj~jmcj`d`jomfp z bop cfqf`hopcf bop sqdadkdcoqfp-

Yoq soco fpo z gäp" sf pjfmso jgyfsvopdgfmsf gço" tvjfqodyqoyjdqsf ydqd pjfgyqf hdpsd fb qffm`vfmsqo-

@omo`ç z dyqfmcç cf sv ~fqsj`dbjcdc goqdb" z fpsoz pfevqo tvf

D gj dgjeo"d mvfpsqo ògydôfqo

Mo hdz fxsfmpjðm gäp eqdmcf tvf gj hfqjcd"

bboqo gj cfp~fmsvqd z pvp òmkvmsopz pjfmso gäp sv gvfqsf tvf gj ~jcd-

‒Fbfeçd‗ cf Gjevfb Hfqmämcf{

@êpdq Bfjqdp

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qfyvcjdqçdp vm ydmfeçqjò yogyopo z ~d`ço" qfpvgjco d noqgdbfp dbd'adm{dp-

@qfo tvf yqfnfqjqçdp tvf vpfgop bd ydbdaqd ydqd dbeo gäp

yqocv`sj~o z ûsjb tvf yvfcd sqdmpnoqgdqpf fm dqgdp cf yobçsj`dp qfdbfp"tvf mop yfqgjsdm db`dm{dq fpf eqdm jcfdb tvf mop bfedpsf z tvf nvf bdnvfq{d cf sv ~jcd-

Aûptvfcd fm bd tvf mo ̀ fkdpsf hdpsd fpf d`jdeo ûbsjgo cçd cfCj`jfgaqf-

Dpç pjfmso d tvjêm mogaqo yoq pv mogaqf" dpç bo pfmsjgoptvjfmfp sf mogaqdgop yoq sv mogaqf; Dbfkdmcqo-

Fm m" ~op" db tvf vm cçd sf advsj{dgop ògo fb ‒Boò Qo'pdp‗" yoqtvf hdqso cf bdp qd{omfp hfbdcdp cf bd pfmpdsf{ mop cjkjpsftvf yqfnfqçdp bdp qd{omfp cfb òqd{ðm" cfb dgoq jqqfcv`sjabf yoq bopsqdadkdcoqfp dmsfp tvf bd gjqdcd soq~d cf bd qd{ðm ògo jmpsqvgfmsoavqo`qäsjò cf fp`dqmjo z oyqfpjðm-

Pç" zd pê" mop cfkdpsf yoq vm qdso" pðbo yoq vm qdso- Pê" tvf sfnvjpsf d `vgybjq òm osqop pfq~j`jop" ògo pjfgyqf-

Yfqo ̀ ogo socd dvpfm`jd mo pfqä dvpfm`jd pj sf mogaqo" pj sfmogaqdgop ògo bo hd`fgop hoz" ògo bo hdqfgop jm~dqjdabfgfmsfdmsf `dcd yftvfôd òpd tvf sf cf~vfb~d d gç" d moposqop" fm bd òsj'cjdmfjcdc-

Yoq fpo sf tvjfqo qfòqcdq òm fpsdp ydbdaqdp gf{`bd cf qf'gjmjp`fm`jd fmsqdôdabf z cf coboq pjm òmpvfbo-

¿Tvê fp bd ~jcd?" mop yqfevmsäadgop jmmjcdc cf ~f`fp fmbdp hoqdp qffxj~dp cf bop dsdqcf`fqfp cf bd Cjdeomdb db moqsf" ògohjb~dmdmco bd ̀ ohfqfm`jd cf socd vmd hjpsoqjd ̀ ogûm ‒…bd ~jcd fp pfq'~j`jo- Pfq~j`jo fp bd ~jcd‗" mop qfpyomcçdgop-

Sf fmòmsqdqê gdôdmd gjpgo fm vm ydpjbbo dsfpsdco z `qv{d'qfgop gjqdcdp hdqsdp cf ògybj`jcdc z fmsfmcjgjfmso fmsqf vmd gvb'sjsvc cf pdbvcop `äbjcop cf dcgjqd`jðm z qfòmo`jgjfmso yoq sv sdqfdjqqfmvm`jdabf yoq bd cfnfmpd cf bop cfqf`hop cf bop ògydôfqop- Svbfgd pjevf jmdbsfqdabf fm mvfpsqo yfmpdgjfmso-

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Yoq fpo `vfmso sv ~jcd- Z bd òmsdqê ògo pf `vfmsd vmd tvj'

gfqd sqvm`d- Ydqd tvf socop pfydm tvf cfsqäp cf sv yopsvqd fmhjfpsd"

qgf" pfevqd z d ~f`fp dcvpsd" fpsdad pjfgyqf bd cvb`f" ‒Cvb`f‗" cf sv

pd~jd yqjgfqd-Sdgajêm pê tvf cjqäp; Mo$- Tvf bdp òpdp pf hd`fm pjm yfcjq

mdcd" tvf pf qjmcf `vfmsdp òm bop d`sop- Gf qfyfsjqäp fpd nqdpf tvf

pobçdp cf`jq qfòqcdmco dtvfb òbopdb yofgd cf @fbdzd ‒…pom eqjsop

fm fb `jfbo z fm bd sjfqqd pom d`sop‗-

Yoq fpo" z mo yocqäp qfsdqgf fpsd ~f{" òmsdqê svp d`sop-

Nvf vm hogaqf vqefmsf f jqqffgybd{dabf" tvf pvyo cf dadm'

comop" yqfpfm`jdp z cfpdqqdjeop jmsfqjoqfp-

Pjm fgadqeo pjfgyqf fpsv~o cf yjf jmnvmcjfmco ämjgo" bbd'

gämcomop db sqdadko jmndsjedabf" òmcv`jfmco pv Cfbfed`jðm dydpjo'

mdcdgfmsf-

Pjfgyqf ydqf`çd bd ûbsjgd ~f{-

@om~j``jomfp tvf fpsv~jfqom fm`fmcjcdp fm sv gfmsf z òqd'

{ðm hdpsd sv ûbsjgo pvpyjqo-

Pjfmso dûm fb dbjfmso" bd fpyfqdm{d cf ~ob~fq d fgyqfmcfq

mvf~op hoqj{omsfp" ògo bop tvf noqkdgop kvmsop cfpcf bop ‘89" `vdm'

co bf~dmsdgop fb ~vfbo yfmpdmco fm vm gfkoq cfpsjmo ydqd socop" ydqd

bop pfm`jbbop" ydqd bop cfphfqfcdcop-

Md`jpsf fm vmd ̀ dpd hvgjbcf z ̀ äbjcdgfmsf ̀ qjpsjdmd" nqdevdp'

sf cfpcf gvz ko~fm vm bdqeo sqdkjmdq cf fpsfbdp jgaoqqdabfp" vmd ~jcdcf fkfgybop" z ̀ ogfm{dpsf d ̀ dgjmdq z d qocdq yoq fb gvmco" popsfmj'

co poaqf bd mdcd" pðbo ̀ om fb poyoqsf goqdb tvf cd bd Nf" tvf gdgdpsf

fm sv hoedq" z bd pfc cf kvpsj`jd tvf kdgäp pd`jdpsf-

Pjm fgadqeo" z d yfpdq cf bop yfpdqfp" sv òm`fy`jðm gdqjd'

md cf bd ~jcd sf yfqgjsjð popsfmfqsf dbsj~o" gvqjfmco pjm goqjq" dògyd'

ôdmco dtvfbbd gvfqsf" bd cf sv ‒Cvb`f‗ hjkd-

Yoqtvf cvb`f fqd bd fpyfqdm{d yfmpdcd ydqd fbbd-

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Sv qopsqo mvm`d dadmcomð kdgäp mj bd qgf{d cf bop mfp" mjbd ydpjðm fmdgoqdcd yoq sv sjfqqd z yoq pv yvfabo-

Fb pogaqço 1 cf gdzo cf 4:81 nvf vm cçd dsqo{ ydqd fb òqd'

{ðm dmhfbdmsf cf bop dqefmsjmop-Fpd Ydsqjd `qjobbd z gdb~jmfqd sf fmòmsqð" jmjgdejmdcdgfmsf"

fm fb Avtvf Yobdq ‒Adhçd Ydqdçpo‗" ògo Jmndmsf cf Gdqjmd-

Fpd evfqqd svqajd cf bo`vqd popyf`hopd cf bop cj`sdcoqfp" sfhdbbð ‒db pfq~j`jo‗" ògo pjfgyqf" pjm gfcjq" pjm jmsfq`dgajop-

Sv ~o`d`jðm jqqfmvm`jdabf yoq fb cfafq sf bbf~ð hdpsd bo dvp'sqdb- Mdcd jgyoqsdad; Yqjgfqo bd Ydsqjd-

Cjf`jmvf~f dôop sfmçdp- Sdm pðbo cjf`jmvf~f- Z mop hdabdpsfòm fb dbgd cf fpsf ‒gdqd~jbbopo ydçp‗ ògo pobçdp bbdgdqbo" mop qfnf'qjpsf jmdbsfqdabf tvf fb cfpsjmo sf hdaçd cdco fb ‒Homoq‗ cf cfnfmcfq mvfpsqo pvfbo cfpcf vmd yopj`jðm kdgäp òmkfsvqdcd-

@vdmco fb ‒Efmfqdb Afbeqdmo‗ nvf soqyfcfdco ̀ om 49:0 sqjyv'bdmsfp yoq vm pvagdqjmo mv`bfdq cf dsdtvf z pv hvmcjgjfmso" yqf~jo d

vmd jm`bjmd`jðm d adaoq" jmj`jð pv bfmso yfqo jmf~jsdabf m dmvm`jdco-Pvp adbpdp" daqjedqom bdp dmevpsjdp z bop pvnqjgjfmsop cf bop qfcj~j~opz bop bbf~dqom hd`jd vmd jmpomcdabf d~fmsvqd d sqd~êp cfb nvqoq cf bdsoqgfmsd cvqdmsf `dpj cop jmsfqgjmdabfp cçdp-

D bdp 40;46 cfb 0 cf Gdzo bop pjbaop" ògo qvejcop fpyfqdm'{dcoqfp" cf bop avtvfp cf qfp`dsf pomdqom ògo mvm`d z qfpvbsdqomvm bbdgdco jqd`vmco d pdbjq db fm`vfmsqo cf bd ~jcd- ̂ jcd ydqd bd gfgo'qjd- Gfgoqjd cf gäqsjqfp" gfgoqjd cf Ydsqjd sqdj`jomdcd" gfgoqjd cfbv`hd cfb yvfabo yoq pv hjpsoqjd z bd pvpsdmsj~jcdc cf pv pfq md`jomdb"gfgoqjd cf bd jmndgjd cf bop osqop-

Fpop avtvfp" cj`f bd `qðmj`d" ‒…boeqdqçdm òm vm fpnvfq{osjsämjò z popsfmjco" qf`vyfqdq cf fpdp devdp yopfpj~dp bd gdzoq ̀ dm'sjcdc cf pobcdcop poaqf~j~jfmsfp‗-

Fqd bd hoqd cfb qfp`dsf-

Dbbç" sv hogaqçd" ~dboq z `dqjcdc òaqdqom bd noqgd cfb d`so

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GDB^JMDP

466

pvabjgf hf`ho hogaqf cf pfq~j`jo ydqd bop osqop" ydqd svp ~dbjfmsfpògydôfqop tvf d`dqqfdadm bd bbded yd~oqopd cf bd adsdbbd" yfqo tvf

kdgäp fxsqd~jdqom bd dbsj~f{ cf bd cjemjcdc cf pobcdco-

Fb d`so hfqojò tvf `vgybjpsf mvm`d o`vbsð fb poyoq" mj bd `j'`dsqj{ cfb dbgd tvf bd evfqqd fx`jsd z tvf d yfpdq cf bop fpnvfq{op zbdp mfed`jomfp kdgäp `jfqqdm- Mo ob~jcdpsf d svp hfqgdmop `dçcop fmògadsf-

Bd hfqoj`jcdc cf evfqqfqo" bfdb ̀ ogo ~op" sf evjð d sfpsjgomjdq fm `dcd d`so cf sv ~jcd fb oqevbbo cf ògadsjfmsf z fb deqdcf`jgjfmsod bop tvf gvqjfqom ydqd tvf ~op ~j~dp-

Pjm fgadqeo" z d yfpdq cf svp cfpd{omfp" òm sv ydqsjcd moptvfcd" yoq pjfgyqf" vm pdaoq d sj" vm jmjevdbdabf pdaoq d qopdp-

Mop tvfcd fpf gohçm sfmvf cf sv qopsqo fm fpf ûbsjgo jmpsdm'sf bû`jco- Fpd jmcfp`qjysjabf pomqjpd bf~f z yqf`jpd cf bd ~jcd `vgybjcd"cf bd fpyfqd fm yd{ yoq fb cfafq `vgybjco" cf bd fpyfqd cfb Dqgdef'cðm açabjò" ògo gvcdm{d d bd ~jcd-

Tvfcdqäp fmsqf moposqop z pfevjqäp noqkdmco ̀ dcd cçd fb ~dboq

cf vmd ~jcd ûsjb" moabf z cf pfq~j`jo yoq svp ògydôfqop- @ogo bd tvfsf dògydôð pjfgyqf" tvfqjco hfqgdmo cfb dbgd-

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GDB^JMDP

46>

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GDB^JMDP

465

Fb jmefmjfqo Dbafqso Ednnvqj nqfmsf db Dyopsdcfqo Md~db Gdb~jmdp

Bdp yqfpfmsfp nosop pom vm fxsqd`so cf bd gvfpsqd ‒16 dôop" 16 nosop‗

tvf bd Pf`qfsdqçd cf @vbsvqd" Yvabj`d`jomfp z @dyd`jsd`jðm kvmso

d bd Cfbfed`jðm Efmfqdb ^jdbjcdc Md`jomdb"òm bd `vqdcvqçd cf Gdqjdmd Bfjsmfq (Cfbfe- Gjpsfqjo cf Cfnfmpd*

qfdbj{ð fm fb Hdbb cf VY@M Pfcf ^jdgomsf 8>:" fm fb 1995-

Bdp nosop yfqsfmf`fm db dq`hj~o yfqpomdb cfb ògydôfqo Dbafqso Ednnvqj

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GDB^JMDP

468

Dsfqqj{dkf noq{opo cf vm d~jðm cf yqfnf`svqd

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GDB^JMDP

46:

^jpsd cf Yvfqso Dqefmsjmo sogdcd cfpcf vm yfptvfqo yobdò fm bd qdcd

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GDB^JMDP

4>9

Sdqfdp cf fx`d~d`jðm cf vm yob~oqçm"

poaqf bd bçmfd cf hoqj{omsf cf fxybopjðm cf AFQVED

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GDB^JMDP

4>4

Fcj`jo Yqjm`jydb cf @omsqob Dêqfo cfpyvêp cf vm dsdtvf

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GDB^JMDP

4>1

Oaqdp cf `dgvdkf" cfnfmpd z cfpdeòf fm vm dpfmsdgjfmso cf dqsjbbfqçd bj~jdmd-

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GDB^JMDP

4>0

Deqdcf`jgjfmsop

@ogo bd fcj`jðm dmsfqjoq" fpsf bjaqo mo yvfcf `fqqdqpf pjm fbdeqdcf`jgjfmso d socdp z socop bop tvf fm êb ydqsj`jydqom-

D bop yqonfpjomdbfp cfb Jmpsjsvso Dmsäqsjò" Cqfp- Qocobno cfb ̂ d'

bbf< @bdvcjo Ydqj`d< pv d`svdb Cjqf`soq Md`jomdb" Gdqjdmo D- Gfgobbj< zvm fx Cjqf`soq cfb gjpgo oqedmjpgo" Ämefb Gobjmdqj< ̀ ogo dpç sdgajêmdb Cq- Nqdm`jpò Yfpsdmhd-

D Ydm`ho Obj~d" tvjfm mop yfqgjsjð yvabj`dq bop dqsç`vbop cf pvydcqf" Fmqjtvf Obj~d" qf`jfmsfgfmsf ndbbf`jco z gjbjsdmsf cf bd `dvpdGdb~jmdp-

D bdp @ogydôfqdp tvf sogdqom fb ̀ ogyqogjpo cf qfp`dsdq bdphjpsoqjdp z avp`dq d bop fpyf`jdbjpsdp; @bdvcjd @dndqfbbj (Gjm- Qfbd`jomfpFxsfqjoqfp*< Pjb~jd ^fbjso" Ejpfbd Bðyf{ (Gjm- Fòmogçd*< Dbj`jd @op`jd(PFMDN*< Dcqjdmd Cdbb‚Dpsd (PJEFM*< Pfb~d Gomsfmfeqo" Ydvbd Lfbg"Pdmsjdeo Ejoqcdmo" Gdqjdmd Qjò Goptvfqd (Gjm- Ybdmj`d`jðm*< Gdq '`fbd Cvajfc (Hsdb- Edqqdhdm*< Gdq`fbo P`dmv (DMPFP*< Bjbjdmd Yoebjd'mo z Dmdafbbd Cfeqv`hf (^jdbjcdc Md`jomdb*< ^j~jdm Mdq`jpo z Eqd`jfbd

Eqoppj (Qfejomdb Gfmco{d*-

D @êpdq Sqfko yoq `fcfq fb yofgd cf Fqmfpso Qçop-

D Moqgd @dqopfbbd" tvf òbdaoqð fm bd bf`svqd cfb gdsfqjdb-

D mvfpsqo @ogydôfqo @êpdq Bfjqdp cfb @ompfko Cjqf`sj~o Md'`jomdb" tvjfm fpsv~o cjpyvfpso d qfdbj{dq fb qfòqcdsoqjo d Dbfkdmcqo

Qo{dp-

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GDB^JMDP

4>3

Yfqo gvz fpyf`jdbgfmsf" mvfpsqo fgo`jomdco deqdcf`jgjfmsod bop @ogydôfqop tvf fpsv~jfqom fm Gdb~jmdp z d`fysdqom ~ob~fq po'aqf pvp coboqopop qf`vfqcop" ògydqsjêmcobop òm moposqop; DbafqsoEdnnvqj< Pfqejo Coqqfeo< Dbafqso Nj`dqqd< Pjb~jo Ao``j< Pdmsjdeo Gdg'aqçm< @bdvcjo Qocqçevf{< Qj`dqco Gjsobo< Qocobno @fqgjmdqd< Fcvdq'co Fgdmvfbbj< Hveo Kdqdp< Koqef Pdbcj~jd< Fnqdçm Gdqqomf< Nd`vmcoSobd~d< Fcvdqco Hfqmämcf{< Pdmsjdeo Cogçmevf{< Dcdbafqso Nfqbjso<

Dbfkdmcqo Pdaf{-

Socdp z socop" tvjfmfp ydqsj`jydqom cf fpsf bjaqo" sqdadkdcoqfpcf oqedmjpgop yûabjòp-

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GDB^JMDP

4>6

Çmcj`f

Yqðboeo ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 6

Dqsç`vbo cf Kopê Hfqmämcf{"

d`fq`d cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp (Mo~jfgaqf cf 48>:* ---------- Yäe- :

Efoboeçd cf bdp Jpbdp Gdb~jmdp

Cq- Qocobno D- cfb ^dbbf ------------------------------------------------------------ Yäe- 45

Bdp jpbdp Gdb~jmdp" jmcf`bjmdabf qf`bdgo cf poafqdmçd

Cq- @bdvcjo Dbafqso Ydqj`d -------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 15

Dmsäqsjcd z Gdb~jmdp;

yobçsj`dp cf fpsdco" vmd ~jpjðm jmsfeqdb

Cq- Gdqjdmo D- Gfgobbj ------------------------------------------------------------ Yäe- 06

Gdb~jmdp 1949

Cq- Dmefb Fqmfpso Gobjmdqj ------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 36

@qjpjp gvmcjdb z Gdb~jmdp

Fmqjtvf Obj~d ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 60

Gdb~jmdp z Ejaqdbsdq

dmsf fb òbomjdbjpgo cf bdp gvbsjmd`jomdbfp

Fmqjtvf Obj~d ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 6:

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GDB^JMDP

4>>

Gdb~jmdp z bd ~jobd`jðm cf cfqf`hop hvgdmop

Fmqjtvf Obj~d ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- >5

Gdb~jmdp z Go~jgjfmso OaqfqoCq- Nqdm`jpò Yfpsdmhd ---------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 54

Sfpsjgomjop -------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 55

‒Gdcomfp‗ ydqd Gdb~jmdp

Fqmfpso Qçop ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 5:

Bd Cjqf``jðm Md`jomdb cf ^jdbjcdc

fm bd efpsd cf Gdb~jmdp

Jme- Dbafqso Ednnvqj --------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 86

Qfyoqsdkf d Fmqjtvf Edq`çd

Dbj`jd @op`jd ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- :0

Qfejomdb Gfmco{d

^j~jdm Mdq`jpo ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- :5

D bop sqdadkdcoqfp cf FBGD

Pfqejo Coqqfeo z Pfb~d Gomsfmfeqo ----------------------------------------- Yäe- 49:

D bop tvf dmhfbdm ~ob~fq

Pfb~d Gomsfmfeqo ---------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 446

Cq- @bdvcjo Qocqçevf{"

fp pobcdco cf Gdb~jmdp Dqefmsjmdp

Ydvbd Lfbg" Pdmsjdeo Ejoqcdmo z Gdqjdmd Qjò Goptvfqd ------------ Yäe- 44:

Dôoqdm{d

Qocobno H- @fqgjmdqd ----------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 410

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GDB^JMDP

4>5

Qfyoqsdkf d Pdmsjdeo Gdgaqçm

Dbj`jd @op`jd ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 415

Bdp ~o`fp z bdp hjpsoqjdpPjb~jd ^fbjso z Ejpfbd Bðyf{ ---------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 404

@om~fqpdmco òm Fcvdqco Fgdmvfbbj"

sqdadkdcoq cf Dmpfp z ~fsfqdmop cf Gdb~jmdp --------------- Yäe- 406

D gj pobcdco

Pfb~d Gomsfmfeqo --------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 40:

D`so fm ^jdbjcdc Md`jomdb ----------------------------------------------- Yäe- 434

@dqsd d gj hjko

Qj`dqco Gçsobo --------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 435

D gj dgjeo d mvfpsqo ògydôfqo@êpdq Bfjqdp ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 464

Nosop ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 465

Deqdcf`jgjfmsop ------------------------------------------------------------- Yäe- 4>0

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GDB^JMDP

4>8

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GDB^JMDP

4>:

@obf``jðm VY@M fm bdp bfsqdp

Dmsoboeçd cf @vfmso z Yofpçd-

@om`vqpop Ydqsj`jydsj~op 1994'1991 dvsoqfp ~dqjop

Dmsoboeçd cf @vfmso" Yofpçd" Nosoeqdnçd z Dqsfp Ybäpsj̀ dpdvsoqfp ~dqjop

Fb sqdm~çd cf gjp pvfôop

cf Pvpdmd Pjmjpj

4:36 ' 45 cf O`svaqf ' 1996 dvsoqfp ~dqjop

Dmsoboeçd- Jm~dpjomfp Jmebfpdpdvsoqfp ~dqjop

Go~jgjfmso Oaqfqo Dqefmsjmodvsoqfp ~dqjop

Fmbd{ämcomop

@êpdq @opsdp

4849'484>; cf bd Qf~obv`jðm d bd Jmcfyfmcfm`jd

dvsoqfp ~dqjop

@obf``jðm VY@M bop Md`jomdbfp

Hogfmdkf d Kopê Hfqmämcf{

dvsoqfp ~dqjop

Dmsoboeçd cfb Aj`fmsfmdqjo

dvsoqfp ~dqjop

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GDB^JMDP

459

@obf``jðm VY@M fm fb yfmpdgjfmso

Dyoqsfp ydqd vmd Po`joboeçd Md`jomdb

cf Bfomdqco Psqfkjbf~j`h

Fb Fpsdco Md`jomdb- Yqjgfq @om`vqpo cf Fmpdzo

dvsoqfp ~dqjop

O`svaqf Md`jomdb

dvsoqfp ~dqjop

@obf``jðm VY@M fm bd fcv`d`jðm

Bd dcgjmjpsqd`jðm" bd `vbsvqd z bd jmnoqgäsj`d

fm bd efpsjðm fpsdsdb

dvsoqfp ~dqjop

Bd dcgjmjpsqd`jðm" bd `vbsvqd z bd jmnoqgäsj`d

fm bd efpsjðm fpsdsdb z ydqbdgfmsdqjd

dvsoqfp ~dqjop

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GDB^JMDP

454

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GDB^JMDP

Documents

Malvinas 2011