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8/3/2019 Opposition Presentation - CPP MSW WTE
1/22
MajorpointsofresearchandconcernsaboutCREGCenterProject
1. Non-standardfaultyprocessandprojectphasinganddevelopment
2. Bestpraccesinwastemanagementnotbeingpursuedfirst,projectdrivenbywaste-to-energygoal
3. Proposedthermalgasificaontechnologyandscaleisconsideredemerging,withtoomanyrisksandcoststhatcouldjeopardizeCPPsviability
4. Polluon,EnvironmentalJusceissuesandneedforstrongerpubliceducaonandinvolvement
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1. ProcessandprojectdevelopmentA. Theinternalreviewandselec3onofWTEgasifica3ontechnologywasmadewithoutthird-partyexpertanalysisofwasteandenergyop3ons.Project
ini3atedwithoutintegratedresourceplansforDivisionofWasteorCPP.
B. Theissueabovewasfurtherexasperatedbyanairpermitapplica3onsubmissionwithoutpriorpublicreview,basedonano-bid,high-risk
emergingtechnologybeingconsideredatascaleandconfigura3onnotyet
provencommercially.
C. BaseduponaflawedWTEevalua3onprocess,anarrowRFIQwasreleasedaMerthetechnologyandvendorwerealreadyselected.Responsesare
limitedduetoanarrowscopeanddonotaddressthewastemanagement
componentoftheproject.
D. GiventhecurrentstateoftheCityslimitedrecyclingprogram,inwhichtheCitystotalrecyclingrateisbelow4%withonly26%coverageofthecityand
5-yearsofimplementa3onwithnocompos3ngprogram,theCityshouldfirst
focusonfullyfundingrecyclingcity-wideandcarry-outandimplement
integratesresourceplansforboththeDivisionofWasteandCPP.
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ProjectDevelopmentProcess
1. Assessmentofscope,goals,systems,processes,resources,technologies
2. Expertanalysis,duediligence,reviewofbestprac3ces,developmentofop3onsandac3ons
. Seekcommunitysupport,projectcomponentsdevelopedassessedandconfirmedasfeasible
4. Compe33vebidding,projectpartnerdevelopment,projectcomponentsre-assessed,refined,confirmed
5. Beginprojectimplementa3on,permitapplica3on,projectdesign,financingdeveloped
6. Construc3onanagement,opera3ng,safetyregula3ons,phasingofprojectcomponents.
1. Assessmentofscope,goals,systems,processes,resources,technologies-INCOPLETE[focusedonalterna3veWTE
technologieswithnowastemanagementassessment]
4. Compe33vebidding,projectpartnerdevelopment,projectcomponentsre-assessed,refined,confirmed[NarrowRFIQissuedwithlimitedresponsesintendedtoquasi-bidgasifica3ontechnology,nonewcompaniesrespondedforgasifica3ontechnologycomponent.]
5. Beginprojectimplementa3on,[preliminarydesign]permitapplica3on,-BUT-projectdesign,financing-NOTdeveloped[cost$1.5millioncontractwithsingle-source]
Standardbasedonindustrybestpracces CREGCenter
3. Seek community support, projectcomponentsdeveloped,[internalselec3onoftechnologyandsingle-sourcevendorwithreviewbyRNR]assessedandconfirmedasfeasible
6. Construc3onanagement,opera3ng,safetyregula3ons,phasingofprojectcomponents.
2. Expert[Internal]analysis,duediligence,reviewof[WTE]bestprac3ces,developmentofop3onsandac3ons
. seekcommunitysupport[requiredEPAcommentperiod]
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2. Best practices in waste management not beingpursued first, project driven by waste-to-energy goal
A. Needforanalysisofwastemanagementbestprac3cesandhowtocosteffec3velyimplementreduc3on,reuseandrecyclingofwaste.
B. Insufficientanalysisdonetoseeksolu3onsformone3zingandfundingcity-wide,automatedcurbsiderecycling.Costes3matedat$29million.
C. ZeroWastemeansestablishinggoalsandaplantoinvestininfrastructure,workforce,andlocalstrategiestoreducewasteatsources,re-useand
recyclepriortoseekinghighercostdisposalsolu3ons.ZeroWasteisthe
mostefficient,highestjobproducing,sustainable,energy-efficientclimate
changesolu3ontowastemanagement.
D. Bestprac3cesintheindustrypointtovariable-ratefeesandotherincen3vesforresiden3alandcommercialwastestreams.
E. Residentsperceivecurrentflat$8.50feeandotherpolicesaspuni3veNOTE:feesunsetsin201andwillrequireCouncilsre-approval.
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SolidWasteAssociaonofNorthAmerica(SWANA)
WastetoEnergyasaPartIntegratedSolidWasteManagement
Policy-TheuseofwastetoenergytechnologyshouldbeconsistentwiththeUSEPAs
currentwastemanagementhierarchyandlocalgovernmentintegratedsolidwastemanagementplans,thatincludeexisngandplannedwasteprevenon,wastereducon
andrecyclingprograms.Permingofwastetoenergyfacili3esshouldbeconsistentwith
theestablishedlongtermneedsoflocalgovernmentandtheirintegratedsolidwaste
managementplans
USEPA-WhatIsIntegratedSolidWasteManagement?
acomprehensivewasteprevenon,recycling,composng,anddisposalprogram.Aneffec3veISWsystemconsidershowtoprevent,recycle,andmanagesolidwastein
waysthatmosteffec3velyprotecthumanhealthandtheenvironment
Donotneglecttoaskforthecommunitysinputindevelopingyourplan,soastoensureaninformedpublicandtoincreasepublicacceptance
2. Best practices in waste management - continued
hp://epa.gov/climatechange/wycd/waste/downloads/overview.pdf REF:SWANATECHNICALPOLICYT-8,1/12/2012
hp://swana.org/Portals/TechnicalPolicies/T-8_WTE_PR.pdf5
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hp://www.epa.gov/osw/nonhaz/municipal/wte/nonhaz.htm
hp://green3e.naem.org/tag/waste-management-strategies
2. Best practices in waste management - continued
Designedtoshowthemostenvironmentallypreferableop3onsforwastemanagement
hierarchyplacesemphasisonreducing,
reusing,andrecyclingthemajorityofwastes.
[4]Capturingthematerialvaluethroughrecyclingshouldbeconsiderednext.
[5&6]Combusonorgasificaonwithenergyrecovery,orWTE,istheenvironmentallypreferablerouteformixedsolidwastesthatareneitherrecyclablenorcompostable .
[7]LandfillingMSWistheleastpreferredop3on.However,communitydecisionsarebasedbothonenvironmentalandeconomicfactors.
[1]ReducingMSWgenera3onmosteffec3ve
[2]Reusingmaterialssecondbestmethod.
[3]Source-separatedyardwaste compostedaerobicallytoproducesoilcondi3oner
...mixedfoodandyardwastes,canbeanaerobically
digestedtogeneratemethaneforenergygenera3onandacompost
productthatcanprovidesoilamendmentvalue.
Integrated Waste Management Hierarchy (EPA)
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3. Proposed gasification technology and scale of project has toomany risks and costs and could jeopardize CPPs viability
A.Gasifica3ontechnologiesforprocessingSWareconsideredemergingandhavenotbeenprovedatthescalebeingproposed.
B. Therearecurrentlynocommercial-scale,SWgasifica3onsystemsopera3ngintheUS.Therearefewerthan20inthe
world,allappeartobeusingmorehomogeneousfeedstocksandnonearedesignedformorethan70to100tonsperday(TPD)
throughput.ostarerela3velysmall,i.e.,>10TPD.
C. Cityfundscommiedsofarapproach$2millionwithanother$250,000pendingforhiringconsultanttoreviewresponsestoRequestForInforma3on&Qualifica3onfocusedongasifica3on.
D.Detailedfinancingop3onshavenotbeenevaluated;likelyuseofhigh-cost,long-termpowercontractfortechnologythatcannot
beconsideredreliable;costoffacilityisest.at$180-$00million.7
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Reliability:
gasificaonsystemshavelimitedMSWoperanghistoryonwhichtorely theydonothave
sufficientexperiencetodrawconclusionsforreliabilityofoperaon.
Environmental/Air:
turbinemanufacturersarereluctanttoguaranteeperformanceonunitsfueledbysyngasfrom
MSW.
CostsandRevenueStreams:
Theonlytechnologieswithdependablees3matesforcapitalandopera3ngcosts,basedonlongexperienceintheU.S.,aretheprovenmass-burn/waterwall,mass-burn/modularandRDF/dedicated
boilertechnologies.Alloftheothershavecostes3matesthatarespecula3ve,theore3cal,ormarket
driven.Unlessavendorscostproposalsarebackedbysubstanalguaranteesofperformance,they
cannotbeconsideredreliable.
3. Proposedthermalgasificaonandrisksofadopngemergingtechnology - continued
REF:ee3ngtheFuture:Evalua3ngthePoten3alofWasteProcessingTechnologiestoContributetotheSolidWasteAuthoritysSystem
SolidWasteAuthorityofPalmBeachCounty,Florida,2009.ByGershman,Brickner&Braon,Inc.
hp://www.swa.org/pdf/SWAPBC_White_Paper_9-2-09.pdf
GasificaonFaciliesinoperaonworldwide:
Sevenplantscurrentlyopera3nginJapan,withatleasttwoofthemfiringSW[185tons/day]Thereare20smallerfacili3esinEuropeandAsia.ostofthemare
rela3velysmall(>10tons/day),withnonedesignedformorethan70tonsperday
throughput.
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Waste-to-EnergyandConversionTechnologiesundertheCommercialicroscopeIncludingProjectsCurrentlyUnderDevelopment
PresentedviaWasteConversionCongressWestCoast,December6 th,2011hp://www.gbbinc.com/speaker/GershmanWCCWC2011.pdf10
3. Proposedthermalgasificaonandrisksofadopngemergingtechnology - continued
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Waste-to-EnergyandConversionTechnologiesundertheCommercialicroscopeIncludingProjectsCurrentlyUnderDevelopment
PresentedviaWasteConversionCongressWestCoast,December6 th,2011hp://www.gbbinc.com/speaker/GershmanWCCWC2011.pdf
EconomicFactors
11
3. Proposedthermalgasificaonandrisksofadopngemergingtechnology - continued
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Waste-to-EnergyandConversionTechnologiesundertheCommercialicroscopeIncludingProjectsCurrentlyUnderDevelopment
PresentedviaWasteConversionCongressWestCoast,December6 th,2011hp://www.gbbinc.com/speaker/GershmanWCCWC2011.pdf
Opinion:TrendsfortheFuture
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3. Proposedthermalgasificaonandrisksofadopngemergingtechnology - continued
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ReachingGreaterDiversionEconomically
SWANANorthCarolinaChapterConference2008August27,2008-Alterna3veTechnologiestoLandfillsor:
TheResurgenceofWaste-To-Energy(WTE)andConversionTechnologies(CT)andDontForgetoreRecyclingToo!
ByHarveyGershman,Gershman,Brickner&Braon,Inc.hp://www.gbbinc.com/speaker/wte.pdf1
3. Proposedthermalgasificaonandrisksofadopngemergingtechnology - continued
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CPPcharacterizaonofmaturityof
thermalgasificaonMSWprojects: Privatesector,biomasscombuson facility,200tons/dayofMSWandbio-fuels,$210millionproject,NOTE:Landleases3llinprocess,unlikelytobebuiltin2012.Ini3alpermitapplica3onincludedburningpetroleum
coke,thatfuelsourcehasbeenremovedfromconsidera3on.
1-2MW,Privatesector,WTEplasmaarcgasificaon,
25tons/dayMSW.NOTE:demonstra3onplant,nocosts
availablefromcompany.Privatesector,biomassgasificaonproject,250,000tons
ofwoodwasteperyear,690tons/day,$225millioncost,iniallyesmatedat$160million.
NOTE:Regionhashistoryofu3lizingmassburnfacili3es,three
incineratorprojectsbuiltinthe1980spromotedbytheStateof
Connec3cut.
Privatesector,thermalplasmaproject, 668tons/day(600tonsMSW&60tonsres).Note:Originallyplannedfor60W,,000ton/day.Nopredic3onsonwhenitwillbe
opera3onal,pendingfinancing.
PrivateSector,275tons/day,with25-yearbio-fuelpurchasefromCityofEdmonton,pre-sortedMSW,
100,000tonsperyear. NOTE:Resultofseveralyearsofresearchandover6,000hoursoftes3ngandvalida3on,at
Enerkem'spilotandcommercialdemonstra3onfacili3esinQuebec.
1. 16.5MW,MSWtoRDF+BiomassfuelSt.Croix,USVirginIsland,ConstruconSpring2012
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ActualProjectData:
2. 20MW,MSWGasificaonPlantOregon,OperaonalOct.2012
3. 37.5MW,WasteGasificaonPlantPlainfield,Conneccut,OperaonalDec.2013
4. 22MW,MSWPlasmaGasificaonSt.LucieCountyFL,Operaonal4thQTR2013
5. 10MGallons,MSWGasificaonEthanolEdmonton,Alberta,Operaonal4 thQTR2012
SelectMSWtoEnergyProjects
REF:Publicee3ngPresenta3on1/19/2012(Rev.1/25/2012)
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3. Proposedthermalgasificaonandrisksofadopngemergingtechnology - continued
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Citysconsultant-RNRreportedin2009concernoverproposed
scale&feedstockascomparedtoknownfacilies:
4.3.2GasificaonTechnologyOverview;4.3.3ReferenceGasificaonFacility-Excerpt
IntheClevelandWTEProjectReview(page15),PEGstatesthatKinseihasmorethan250systemsinopera3on,
processingeverythingfromSWtochemicals,oil,hospitalwaste,plas3c,rubber,3resandotherindustrial
hazardousandnon-hazardouswaste.ostofthesesystemsarequitesmallinsize(-0tons/day).In
responsetothequesonregardingthethroughputcapacityoftheexisnggasifiers,PEGmenonedthatmostofthefaciliesinJapanhavegasifierswithacapacityof40-100tons/day,considerablylessthanthe
proposedfacilitys300to600tons/day.
6.1TechnicalIssue;6.1.2Gasificaon-Excerpt
Thefollowingkeyissuesarenoted:
1. TheKinseiGasificaonproposedbyPEGisnotaverywellknowngasificaontechnologyithasnotpreviouslybeenproposedbyanyothertechnologysuppliersinresponsetothemanyRFPs
thathavebeenissuedbyotherU.S.ciesorcounes.
2. ostoftheKinseigasifica3onunitsaresmallerinsize.ThedesignandoperaonofagasificaonunitforaheterogeneousmateriallikeMSWwillbechallenging,and,insomecases,thedifferent
subsystemswillbedifficulttosizeproperlyPEGhasproposedmul3pleunitstoaccommodatethe
SWthroughputforthisproject.
REF:ClevelandSWEFeasibilityStudyTechnicalAnalysis-RNRConsul3ng,2009
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ConcernsregardingcapitalOutlayProjeconsthatvarygreatly:2009RNRConsul3ngStudyusingPrincenton
EnvironmentalGroups(PEG)Esmatesbasedon
2,000tons/daythroughput
2012Esmatesbasedon560tons/day
throughput,1/19/2012presenta3on
December2011newsarcle
cingPeterTeins(PEG)
esmatewithfinancing:
hesnegoateda$300millionfinancingpackage
ifthecitychoosesaKinseiplant.
TheysteriousisterTien;ThemanwhosoldClevelandonvisionsofprosperityisn'tallheclaimstobe
byaudeL.Campbell,December7th,2011,hp://www.clevescene.com/cleveland/the-mysterious-mister-3en/Content?oid=2772517
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3. Proposedthermalgasificaonandrisksofadopngemergingtechnology - continued
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ConcernsRegardingCapitalOutlayProjecons&FeedstockThroughputRates 2009RNRStudy:
Conversiontechnologysuppliers
withmanyyearsofexperience
indesignandopera3onofSWEfacili3eses3matethe
costforanequivalent1,000to
1,200ton/daySWEfacility
u3lizingthermalconversionor
conven3onalmassburntechnologiestobemuchhigher
thanthecostprovidedbyPEG REF:RNRStudy,2009,6..2GeneralIssues,Table7.CapitalandO&CostsforSWEFacili3es
[Regardingfeedstock]:PEGassumedthehea3ngvalueofthefeedstock(pellets)at10,000BTU/lbwithamoisturecontentoflessthan10%.Thesefuelpelletsconstuteonlypartofthegasificaonfeedstock.Initslatestsubmial,PEGmen3onedthatmajorhaulerscouldsupplyaddionalhighBTUindustrialandcommercialwastesuch
asscrapresandautofluffWithoutdetailedcalcula3onsusingrealdatafromanexis3ngfacility,itisdifficulttorely
onthesenumbers.Thermalconversion,suchasusinggasifica3ontechnologytoprocessSW,isanewandinnova3ve
technologythatisonlyincommercialopera3onoverseas.PEGsproposedfacilityisintheconceptstage.
[Note:Researchthusfarshowsnoevidenceofanoperaonalthermalgasificaonwaste-to-energyfacilityof
comparablescalethatisusingsolelyMSW.Anycomparablesizefacilityinoperaonorbeingplannedappeartouse
amorehomogeneous(i.e.,woodorrebio-massetc)oranaddedpercentageofhomogeneousfeedstockwith
higherBTU/lbrangsthatareusedtoincreasetotalfeedstockenergycapacity.
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ReviewofCitysRequestforInformaon&Qualificaons
KinseiSangyosresponseprovidesinforma3ononapproximately100opera3ngandcommercialfacili3eswith
capaci3esofbetween1-60tonsperday.Theynoteatotalof
260systemsinopera3on.
Theirreferencetechnologyisa5tonperday,SWtosteam
facilityinHoengseong-Gun,KoreathatopenedinNovember,
2005.Addi3onalreferencefacili3esincludethree40,24,and12
tonsperdayfacili3es,allusingindustrialsolidwastetoashbeinginopera3onssince200,2006and2011respec3vely.
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3. Proposedthermalgasificaonandrisksofadopngemergingtechnology - continued
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SummaryofResponsestoCitysRequestforInformaon&Qualificaons
Company
Thermal
ConversionTechnologyProviders
Waste
HandlingEquipmentSuppliers
ProjectDevelopers
Consultants FinancialServiceCompanies
1. Alternative Resources, Inc. X
2. ARCADIS-Malcolm Pirnie X
3. Cleveland Thermal X
4. Compact Cooling Solutions X
5. DLZ X
6. Dongara Pellet Plant LP & Remasco X
7. Envision Waste Services X
8. Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc. (GBB) X
9. HDR Engineering, Inc. (HDR) X X X
10. Indiana Recycling and Renewable Fuels X X X
11. Kinsei Sangyo X X X
12. Middough X
13. Municipal and Financial Services Group X
14. Ralph Tyler Companies X
15.SAIC Energy, Environment &Infrastructure, LLC (SAIC)
X
16. Wells Fargo Securities X
17. WSI Management Inc. X X X
5 3 10 4 3
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A. Industryexpertswarnaboutopposionbyenvironmentalistandthepublicregardingfirstdemonstranghighrecyclingpercentagesandconcernforemissions.ComingunderEPAregula3onsdoesnteliminate
theneedforpublicbuy-inearlyonintheprojectsdevelopment.
Emissionsinclude500lbsoflead,260lbsofmercuryand79tonsof
par3culateP(F+C)peryear.
B. Thoughpresentedasacleansourceofenergy,gasifica3onproducesthesamepollutantsasstandardincinerators.Thefacilitywouldbethe
largestemierofmercury,wouldincreaseleadairemissionsupto
6%andwouldbeoneofthebiggestregionalsootemiers.All
incinera3on,includinggasifica3on,wastestheenergyandresourcesin
municipalsolidwaste.
C. EnvironmentalJus3ceconcernsincludethosewholiveclosestwillbeimpactedbyemissions;pollutantscanbecarriedlongdistancesandcan
persistintheenvironmentfordecades;noairmodelingprovidedsince
requestsmadeinDecember.Commentsclose2/23.
4. Polluon,EnvironmentalJusceissuesandneedforstrongerpubliceducaonandinvolvement
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Emission information developed from CPP public information and permit application
showing the application amounts at 92% use and the Ohio EPAs limits of use at 72%:
AirModeling:Projectteamhasnotyet
respondedtorequestsfor
airmodelingdatathat
couldbeunderstoodby
thepublic.Thisdatawas
requestedinDecember
2011.Itislikelythis
informa3onwillnotbe
madeavailablepriorto
EPAPublicComment
periodbeingclosed.This
informaonwould
providedetailsof
emissionlevelsandesmaonsofdirecons
anddistancestraveled.
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StateandRegionalPolluonrankings&EmissioninformaonMercuryandParculateMaer
Ohioranksworstinthecountryfortoxicairpolluon.TheAmericanLungAssocia3onsStateoftheAir2011reportgives
CuyahogaCountyafailinggradeforozoneand
parculatepolluonlevels.
Theeight-countyClevelandmetropolitanareais
rankedashavingthenaons12thhighestlevelof
year-roundparculatepolluon.
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