I

(INGLUNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE EDUCACION A DISTANCIA

CUID (AVANZADO ORIGINAL) -- SEPTIEMBRE 2012 -- DURACION DEL EXAMEN: 2 HORAS

NO SE PERMITE EL USO DE DICCIONARIO NI DE NINGUN OTRO MATERIAL

INSTRUCCIONES y PUNTUACINConteste a TODAS las preguntas de tipo test NICAMENTE en la hoja de lectura ptica. Al final del examen, entregue NICAMENTE la hoja de lectura ptica y LA LTIMA HOJA de este examen, donde escribir la redaccin. No olvide consignar sus datos personales en ambas hojas. Puede llevarse el resto del examen. Hay que superar los mnimos marcados en la gua para poder aprobar el examen. Las respuestas incorrectas no restan puntos.

NO OLVIDE CONSIGNAR SUS DATOS

NOMBRE:

DNI: TELFONO:CENTRO ASOCIADO:I. READING A) Lea el siguiente texto y elija la opcin correcta para cada hueco de las opciones que aparecen a continuacin del texto.ODONTOCETI CETACEANS

The odontoceti are the group of cetaceans that include all the toothed whales, grampus, porpoise and dolphins. Most dolphins, (1)__________ as the common dolphin, may be found virtually anywhere (2)______________ are especially prevalent here in the Mediterranean. Other types of dolphins commonly sighted off our coasts are the bottlenose and the striped dolphin.

These are the ones that (3)________________ been known to man for thousands of years. The Straits of Gibraltar are well-known for the biannual migration of bird life. What is generally not so well known is (4)_________________ there is also a continual passage of cetaceans between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic.

It is only in comparatively recent geological times that all this marine movement has become (5)_________________ . As the theory goes, twelve million years ago the African continent slowly bumped into Spain and a low mountain ridge was formed between Tangier and Tarifa. The Mediterranean became a vast lake, eventually drying up, leaving vast deposits of salt behind. Then, again according to the geological theory, six million years later, Africa started to retreat from Europe and (6)_______________ breach was created in the mountain dam previously formed.

(7)______________there it is believed that the largest waterfall the world has ever known was created and the Atlantic thundered over a 3,000 ft drop, yet again filling the Mediterranean basin, thus allowing the reintroduction of marine life into this area.

Gibraltar is famous for its dolphins, which can be seen on boat trips in the Straits of Gibraltar. Because this stretch of water is only 13 miles wide at (8)____________ narrowest point, the concentration of cetaceans is very high, (9)_______________ towards the middle. It is about three miles offshore that you find the larger creatures, such as the sperm whale. For some reason most sightings show that they are heading in a westerly direction. The prevailing surface current is easterly and these animals may be just (10)___________ against the current flow and not in fact travelling out of the Straits at that particular time.1 a. so

b. such

c. like

d. for

2. a. they b. and

c. for

d. when3. a. have

b. are

c. can

d. must4. a. than b. which c. that d. so

5. a. imposible b. actually c. possible d. reluctantly

6. a. a

b. the c. some d. few

7. a. Hence b. From c. Ind. As

8. a. theirs b. it c. their d. his9.a. especially b. actuallyc. generallyd. basically10. a. gone b. swimming c. go

d. swimB. READING COMPREHENSION

Lea el siguiente texto y conteste a las preguntas que aparecen a continuacin.William J. Bratton is one of the most effective law enforcement leaders in the United States today. Thanks to his hard work and successful strategies, New York city achieved an amazing 36% decrease in serious crime, including a 45% drop in murder. Before he took up his position in 1994, the New York subway was considered to be one of the most dangerous places in the world. There are 700 entranceways into the citys 450 or so subway stations every one of them seemed like a walk down into hell. They were dirty and the stench was sometimes so bad you had to hold your breath. It was very common to bump into petty thieves, graffiti artists and aggressive beggars as well as more deadly types of criminals. Bratton explains: To deal with the problem we began by aggressively arresting the fare evaders and throwing out disorderly people from the subway. The truth is that the chances of being a victim of a crime in the subway around this time were statistically like the chances of winning the lottery. But what people saw every day the disorder, the fare evaders, and police not doing anything about it reinforced their fears and people were beginning to stay away. We began to turn this around by having our officers enforce quality-of-life rules in the subway system. We found that one out of seven people arrested for fare evasion was wanted by the police and one out of every twenty-one was carrying a weapon. In all probability they were not coming into the subway just to travel to work: they were at work, and you and I were the people they were looking to work on. By arresting them on a large scale and putting police out in so many different ways, we began to change and control behaviour and the reduction in crime has been astounding.

11. Did the New York subway deserve its reputation as being one of the most dangerous places in the world?

a. Yes

b. No

c. Perhapsd. Probably

12. What effect did the polices initial lack of positive action have on passengers?

a. It made them feel surprisedb. It made them feel happy

c. It made them feel afraid

d. It made them feel astonished13. What did passengers start to do because of that?

a. They began to stop driving

b. They began to stop using the subway service c. They began to stop walkingd. They began to stop complaining about it

14. What does Bratton mean when he says ...you and I were the people they were looking to work on ?a. We were possible victims of their next crime b. We were possible clients of their next salesc. We were possible allied friends

d. We were possible users of their game programme.

15. What effect did police effort have on life in the subway?

a. The crime rate was greatly decreased b. The crime rate was greatly raised

c. The crime rate was scarcely decreasedd. The crime rate was totally abolished

II. USE OF ENGLISH. Elija la respuesta correcta (a-d) en las oraciones (16-25).

16. Im definitely not going out because it _________ all day. a. being

b. is being

c. is been rainingd. has been raining

17. Sandra __________ four clients so far this morning.

a. has called b. is calling

c. calls

d. has been calling18. I think I __________ this film at least twice.

a. saw

b. Im seeing

c. have seen

d. I shall see19. We always ......................people to read our brochure before booking a course.

a. say b. explain c. recommend d. help20. You ................................. ask your teacher if you want to pass the exam.

a. re better b. d better c. better

d. ll better

21. They............................. well decide to move if he gets a new job.

a. shouldnt b. may c. should

d. may not

22. The chair is still broken. Its time you .......................... it.a. repair b. repaired c. to repair

d. repairing23. He is the man _______ was convicted for armed robbery.

a. who b. which c. what d. 24. I regretted __________ that vase into small pieces because it cost a lot of money.

a. to break b.breaking c. to have brokend. to be breaking25. My friends and I _____ to ride motorbikes when we were younger.

a. would have used b. used

c. were used

d. got usedIII. Writing

A) Completa los huecos eligiendo la forma verbal correcta de las opciones que aparecen a continuacin del siguiente texto:

A 40-year-old father who (26)____________from heart failure is set to leave hospital after receiving an artificial heart. Matthew Green is ready to go home and await a transplant after surgeons at Papworth Hospital in Cabridgeshire portable (27)_____________ his heart with an implant. His new plastic heart (28)_____________ by a portable driver in a backpack, which he (29)___________ had revolutionized his life. It (30)_________________ to be the first time a UK patient (31)_____________to go home with an entirely artificial heart. Around 900 similar operations (32)_______________ out around the world. Mr Green said: Its going to revolutionise my life. Before I (33)_____________ walk anywhere. I could hardly climb a flight of stairs and now I (34) _________________ out and getting back to a normal life. 26. a. has been dying

b.has died

c. died

d. was dying

27. a. replaced b. is replacing

c. replaces d. has been replacing28. a. powered

b. is powering

c. is powered d. shall power29. a. told b. tell c. said d. say

30. a. d better b. is thought c. thinks

d. ll think31. a. shouldnt b. has been able c. should

d. may not

32. a. carry b. have been carried c. to carry

d. carrying33.a. couldnt b. can c. wasnt able d. was able34. a. will walk

b. walk

c. have walkedd. ve been walking B. Escriba unas 100 palabras sobre el siguiente tema: Your own country: a description of what your country used to be in the past (at least 10 years ago) compared with what it is now after the financial crisis.