Ospf Linh Hai

8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai

1/15

Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1

M PHNG OSPF TRONG OPNET

I- Tng quan

Trong bi m phng chng ta s nghin cu giao thc nh tuyn OSPF. Mc ch

l xy dng mt mng v cu hnh n vi tt c cc tham s cho nh tuyn OSPF. Sdng mng ny phn tch giao thc nh tuyn OSPF. Giao thc OSPF l mt giaothc ni min (IGP) c s dng trong cc mng IP. L mt giao thc nh tuyn linkstate, OSPF chng li s thay i topo mng mnh hn giao thc nh tuyn distancevector nh RIP, IGRP, v EIGRP. OSPF c th c s dng cho cc mng ln bao gmhng trm hoc hng nghn router.

OSPF s dng thut ton Dijkstra tm ng ngn nht ti ch. Thut ton tnhton ng ngn nht ti mi ch da trn vic cng dn cost ti ch . Cng dn cost

l mt chc nng tnh cost ca cc giao din khc nhau cn i ti ch. Cost haymetric ca giao din trong OSPF l mt ch s mo u c yu cu gi gi tin quagiao din. Cost ca mt giao din c tnh ton da trn bng thng t l nghch vi

bng thng ca giao din c th (bng thng ln hn th cost nh hn). V d, cost cang T1 l cao hn cost ca ng Ethernet 100Mbit bi v c mo u phc tp hn.

c trng ca OSPF

Da trn link state

Chy trc tip trn IP Giao thc bin hoc ni min

Nhiu ng n ch => cn bng ti

Thuc tnh ng link da trn cost => cost c gn tnh

II- Thc hin m phng

II.1- Thit lp mng

1. Khi ng OPNET v to mt project mi. File => New ... v chnProject

2. Tn project _OSPF v scenario NoAreas. Nhn OK

3. La chn Create empty scenario v nhn Next

1


2/15


4. La chn Office v nhn Next

5. t X Span l 200 v Y Span l 200. Nhn Next

6. Khng chn bt k mt cng ngh no v nhn Next

7. Duyt li cc gi tr v nhn OK

8. MObject palette v chn routers

Hnh 1

9. Nhn OK

10.Ly 10 routerslip8_gtway t vo khng gian lm vic

11.Chn internet_toolbox trong Object palette

2


3/15


12.Kt ni cc router s dng lin kt PPP_DS3

13.Thay i tn cc router bng cch nhn chut phi vo mi router ri chnSet Name trong thanh thc n

II.2- Thit lp giao thc nh tuyn

1. Trn thanh thc n chn Protocols => IP => Routing => ConfigureRouting Protocol...

2. Mc nh l RIP. Chn OSPF v All interfaces

3


4/15


5/15


Information (...). Gi tr mc nh l Auto Calculate c th thay i bngbt k gi tr nguyn no .

5


6/15


B. Chung cho tt c cc interface: trn thanh thc n chn Protocols =>OSPF => Configure Interface Cost. La chn mt trong hai ty chn cuhnh cost sau:

B1) Reference Bandwidth s c thit lp cho tt c cc router.

Tt c cc interface s c t trng thi t ng tnh cost AutoCalculate.

B2) Tt c cc interface s c thit lp vi gi trn cost xc nh(b qua ty chn ny)

Trong bi m phng ny chng ta s s dng bng thng khc nhau trn cc linkt to gi tr cost khc nhau.

1. La chn cc lin kt sau:

Router A Router B

Router B Router D

Router D Router C

Router C Router A

Router B Router C

6


7/15


2. Chn Protocols => IP => Routing => Configure Interface MetricInfomation.

3. To gi tr Bandwidth l 5000 kbps. Chn Interfaces across selectedlinks. Nhn OK.

4. La chn cc lin kt sau:

Router B Router E

Router E Router G

Router I Router F

Router F Router D

Router E Router F

5. Chn Protocols => IP => Routing => Configure Interface MetricInfomation.

6. To gi tr Bandwidth l 20000 kbps. Chn Interfaces across selectedlinks. Nhn OK.

7. La chn cc lin kt sau:Router G Router H

Router H Router J

Router J Router I

7


8/15


Router I Router G

Router G Router J

8. To gi tr Bandwidth l 10000 kbps. Chn Interfaces across selected

links. Nhn OK.9. Save the project.

II.5- Thit lp lu lng

1. La chn Router B v Router D

2. Trn thanh thc n mTraffic => Create Traffic Flows => IP unicast.Chn To all other nodes from Router B. Nhn Create

3. La chn Router C v Router J

8


9/15


4. Trn thanh thc n mTraffic => Create Traffic Flows => IP unicast.Chn To all other nodes from Router B. Nhn Create

II.6- Thit lp m phng

1. MConfigure Discrete Event Simulation2. t Duration l 10 pht

3. Nhn OK

4. Save the project

II.7- Bn sao kch bn

Trong kch bn va c thit lp tt c cc router u cng mt cp, mt vng.

Khng thc hin cn bng ti cho bt c router no. Hai kch bn mi s c to thchin phn vng v cn bng ti.

Kch bn Areas (phn vng)

Cu hnh thm vo chnh trong OSPF l min nh tuyn OSPF c th c tchthnh cc phn nh hn gi l Areas. Vic ny lm gim b nh v ti tnh ton trnrouter. Mi area c nh s v lun lun l min 0, l min backbone. Tt c ccmin khc gn vi backbone trc tip hoc qua lin kt o. x l ti u th mt ming

bao gm khng nhiu hn 50 n 100 router. Mt router kt ni ti nhiu hn mt area

c gi l Area Border Router (ABR).

1. Chn Scenarios => Duplicate scenario...

2. Scenario name: Areas

3. La chn cc lin kt:

Router A Router B

Router B Router D

Router D Router C

Router C Router A

Router B Router C

4. MOSPF Area Configuration. Protocol => OSPF => Configure Areas

9


10/15


5. To gi tr 1 cho Area Identifier

6. Nhn OK

7. La chn cc lin kt:

Router B Router E

Router E Router G

Router I Router F

Router B Router C

Router F Router D

Router E Router F

8. MOSPF Area Configuration. Protocol => OSPF => Configure Areas

9. To gi tr 0 cho Area Identifier

10.Nhn OK

11.La chn cc lin kt:

Router G Router H

Router H Router J

Router J Router I

Router I Router G

Router G Router J

12.MOSPF Area Configuration. Protocol => OSPF => Configure Areas

13.To gi tr 2 cho Area Identifier

14.Nhn OK

Kch bn cn bng ti

1. Tr li kch bn NoAreas.

2. Chn Scenario => Duplicate scenario...

10


11/15


3. t tn kch bn Balanced

4. La chn Router C v Router J

5. MProtocols => IP => Routing => Configure Load Balancing Option

6. Chn Packet based

7. La chn Selected Routers

8. Nhn OK.

9. Save the project

Qun l li: (Th hin biu tng nh hnh di)

Vi hnh ch X chn cho nhng tuyn ng hoc node, thit b mchng ta gi s b hng t xem xt ng i mi cho gi tin ra sao.

Vi ch V xanh chn li cho tuyn, router, thit b hng thnh c sat xem xt li qu trnh trao i thng tin

Cch hin th kt qu

A- Hin bng nh tuyn

1. Trc khi chy chng trnh cn la chn export routing table. Protocols=> IP => Routing => Export Routing Table

11


12/15


2. Chn router cn hin th kt qu, nhn chut phi chn View Results

3. Trong View Results chn th Discrete Event Tables. Chn OfficeNetwork router => Performance => IP Forwarding Table at End ofSimulation

B- Kt qu tm ng trong trng cc trng hp:

Trong kch bn NoAreas:

1. Chuyn n kch bn NoAreas chn Scenarios/ Switch to Sceanario/NoAreas.

2. Hin th tuyn ng i t Router B n Router D. u tin tch chn

Router B v D sau Create mt lung Unicast t B n D ri cho chy li. Tip theo,chn Protocols/ IP/ Demands/ Display Routers for Configured Demands/ show allrouter kt qu thu c nh hnh sau:

12


13/15


Tng t t C n J ta c:

13


14/15


Trong kch bn Areas chn cng Router B v Router D th ta thu c hnh nhnh sau: (cc bc cng tng t nh trn):

Trng hp kch bn Balanced

Trng hp t Router C n Router J th kt qu thu c s nh hnh di v v 2con ng c gi tr nh nhau nn n hin th nh trong hnh v:

14


15/15


15

Documents

Ospf Linh Hai