Pasado Simple - (Simple Past Tense)El Pasado Simple es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para describir acciones que han sucedido en un tiempo anterior y que ya han finalizado, por ejemplo:

She cleaned her house. Ella limpió su casa.I broke the window. Yo rompí la ventana.

Aquí vemos su conjugación que en el español equivale al Pretérito Indefinido. Observa que la estructura de la oración es similar a la del Presente Simple:

Tanto en la forma interrogativa como en negativa se utiliza como auxiliarDID que es la forma pasada del verbo "TO DO" y acompaña al verbo principal en su forma infinitiva. En las negaciones puede utilizarse la forma contraída de DID NOT o sea DIDN'T. En el cuadro superior se emplea el verbo To Play (Jugar) a modo de ejemplo.

Al expresar una oración en Pasado Simple se entiende que la acción no guarda relación con el presente, como vemos en los siguientes casos:

He lost the keys. Él perdió las llaves.(Puede que en el presente las haya

encontrado).

She lent me a book. Ella me prestó un libro.(Puede que ya se lo haya devuelto).

También es posible indicar el momento en que se desarrolla la acción para indicar el tiempo con mayor precisión:

They saw the movie last night. Ellos vieron la película anoche.

We went to London yesterday. Nosotros fuimos a Londres ayer.

Para poder formar una oración en tiempo pasado debemos distinguir dostipos: VERBOS REGULARES y VERBOS IRREGULARES.

En el primero de los casos forman su Pasado Simple añadiendo la terminación ED al infinitivo, mientras que los irregulares reciben ese nombre por no seguir un patrón determinado y en este caso deben estudiarse individualmente.

Verbos IrregularesEn el siguiente cuadro les ofrecemos algunos de los verbos irregularesdel idioma inglés utilizados con más frecuencia. Se denominan irregulares porque no siguen una regla determinada para construir su pasado por lo que deben estudiarse de

memoria. Veremos que en la columna central se encuentra el infinitivo y el presente, ambos tienen la misma forma salvo que el infinitivo va precedido por la partícula TO.

ESPAÑOL INFINITIVO /PRESENTE SIMPLE PASADO SIMPLE

Comenzar To begin beganApostar To bet betMorder To bite bitRomper To break broke

Construir To build builtComprar To buy bought

Elegir To choose choseCortar To cut cutDibujar To draw drewBeber To drink drankComer To eat ateOlvidar To forget forgotObtener To get got

Dar To give gaveIr Tp go went

Oír To hear heardSaber To know knew

Aprender To learn learntPagar To pay paidCorrer To run ran

Ver To see sawCantar To sing sangOler To smell smelt

Hablar To speak spokeBarrer To sweep sweptNadar To swim swamDecir To tell told

Comprender To understand understoodGanar To win won

Escribir To write wrote

ESPAÑOL INFINITIVO /PRESENTE SIMPLE PASADO SIMPLE

Atrapar To catch caughtTraer To bring broughtSoplar To blow blewVestir To clothe clothedCortar To cut cut

Conducir To drive droveCaer To fall fell

Encontrar To find foundVolar To fly flew

Perdonar To forgive forgaveCrecer To grow grewColgar To hang hungHerir To hurt hurt

Prestar To lend lentPerder To lose lost

Alquilar To rent rentedLeer To read read

Vender To sell soldEnviar To send sentCoser To sew sewedBrillar To shine shoneDormir To sleep sleptMostrar To show showed

Deletrear To spell speltApestar To stink stankPensar To think thoughtJurar To swear swore

Enseñar To teach taughtTomar/Llevar To take took

Disparar To shoot shotSembrar To sow sowedGastar To spend spentEscupir To spit spat

Usar To wear woreDespertarse To wake woke

ESPAÑOL INFINITIVO /PRESENTE SIMPLE PASADO SIMPLE

Golpear/derrotar To beat beat

Doblar To bend bentAtar To bind bound

Sangrar To bleed bledQuemar To burn burntExplotar To burst burst

Venir To come cameCostar To cost costHacer To do did

Alimentar To feed fedSentir To feel felt

Prohibir To forbid forbadeTener/haber To have hadMantener To keep kept

Tejer To knit knitFabricar To make madePoner To put put

Montar To ride rodeDecir To say saidAgitar To shake shookHundir To sink sankCortar To slit slit

Acelerar To speed spedRobar To steal stole

Aguantar To stand stoodRasgar To tear toreArrojar To throw threw

Congelar To freeze frozeMojar To wet wet

Despertar To wake wokeRetorcer To wring wrungProsperar To thrive throveEncoger To shrink shrankCerrar To shut shutGuiar To lead led

ESPAÑOL INFINITIVO /PRESENTE SIMPLE PASADO SIMPLE

Llegar a ser To become becameRetransmitir To broadcast broadcast

Regañar To chide chidDesafiar To dare durstCavar To dig dugLuchar To fight foughtArrojar To fling flung

Esconder To hide hidSostener To hold heldInclinar To lean leantDejar To leave left

Echarse To lie laySignificar To mean meant

Encontrarse To meet metEliminar To rid rid

Subir To rise roseBuscar To seek soughtPoner To set set

Esquilar To shear shoreCerrar To shut shut

Sentarse To sit satMatar To slay slew

Resbalar To slide slidGolpear To hit hit

Derramar To spill spiltExtender To spread spreadHincar To stick stuckPicar To sting stung

Diseminar To strew strewedEsforzarse To strive stroveHinchar To swell swelled

Balancearse To swing swungPisar To tread trod

Acometer To undertake undertookDar cuerda To wind wound

ESPAÑOL INFINITIVO /PRESENTE SIMPLE PASADO SIMPLE

Surgir To come up came up

Aguantar To stand stoodEstar afligido To grieve grieved

Ordenar To bid badeEngendrar To breed bred

Arrojar/Lanzar To throw away threw awayAgarrarse To cling clung

Deslizarse sigilosamente To creep creptTratar con To deal dealt

Soñar To dream dreamtHabitar To live in lived inEscapar To run away ran awayMoler To grind ground

Desistir To stop stoppedArrodillarse To kneel knelt

Colocar To lay laidGuiar To lead led

Brincar To leap leaptPermitir To let letEncender To light lit

Segar To mow mowedSonar To ring rang

Perder (hojas) To shed shedHerrar To shoe shod

Lanzar con fuerza To sling slungDar vueltas To spin spun

Dividir To split splitSaltar To spring sprang

Levantarse To stand stoodGolpear To strike struck

Colgar algo To string strungLanzar adelante To thrust thrust

Acometer To undertake undertookAndar a zancadas To stride strode

Sujetar con cinturón To fasten fastened

Simple Past: Negatives and Questions

Introduction

In the simple past tense, negative and question forms are made using the auxiliary verb "do" (in its past form, "did") followed by the simple form of the main verb. This page explains the rules.

1. Forming a negative

Negatives in the simple past are formed by adding didn't (informal) or did not (formal) before the simple form of the verb. The verb BE is an exception to this; in the case of BE, we just add n't (informal) or not (formal) after "was" or "were":

Simple past statement Informal negative Formal negative

I had a car. I didn't have a car. I did not have a car.

You ate my toast. You didn't eat my toast. You did not eat my toast.

He was here yesterday. He wasn't here yesterday. He was not here yesterday.

They were in the park. They weren't in the park. They were not in the park.

2. Forming a yes/no question

Yes/no questions are also created using the auxiliary did. This time, the auxiliary is placed before the subject. The verb BE is an exception; in this case, we move BE before the subject. Here are the rules:

Simple past statement Yes/no question

He brought his friend. Did he bring his friend?

They had a party. Did they have a party?

You were here. Were you here?

She was sick. Was she sick?

3. Forming a WH- question

WH- questions (using words such as "what", "when", and "where") are also created by putting the auxiliary did before the subject (or moving BE, as explained above). Then, you add the WH- word at the beginning. Here are some examples:

Statement Yes/no question WH- question

The building fell down. Did the building fall down? Why did the building fall down?

They lived in Vancouver. Did they live in Vancouver? Where did they live?

The store was closed. Was the store closed? Why was the store closed?

They were wolves. Were they wolves? What were they?

When you are sure that you understand the lesson, you can continue with the exercises.

Continue with the exercises

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/pastnq.htm

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/pastnq3.htm

The Past Simple Tense

(also called the simple past tense)

(Click here to learn about how to USE the past simple)

It's similar to the present simple because it has different rules for the verb 'be', which becomes 'was' or 'were':

The Past Simple with 'be'

Here's how to make the positive:

Positive with 'be'

I was cold

you were tired

he was in the garden

she was late

it was sunny

we were on holiday

they were hungry

To make the negative with 'be', just add 'not':

Negative with 'be' Negative Short Form

I was not sleepy I wasn't sleepy

you were not on the bus you weren't on the bus

he was not at school he wasn't at school

she was not beautiful she wasn't beautiful

it was not cold it wasn't cold

we were not at work we weren't at work

they were not tired they weren't tired

Here's an exercise to practise the positive and negative forms with 'be'

To make a question, just like the present simple, we change the position of 'was / were' and the subject.

Here are the past simple 'yes / no' questions with 'be':

'Yes / No' Questions with 'Be'

was I sleepy?

were you late?

was he at the cinema?

was she kind?

was it hot?

were we hungry?

were they at work?

And the 'wh' questions with 'be' (the question word just goes at the beginning, everything else is the same):

'Wh' Questions with 'Be'

why was I sleepy?

where were you?

when was he at the cinema?

how was she?

how was it?

why were we hungry?

when were they at work?

And here's an exercise for 'wh' and 'yes / no' questions

Here's another exercise with 'be' (this time it's all forms - positive, negative and questions)

The Past Simple (Simple Past) with Other Verbs

We make the past simple just like the present simple except we use 'did' instead of 'do / does'. It's really easy because 'did' doesn't change, even with 'he / she / it'.

The positive:

We usually make the positive by adding '-ed' to the infinitive. For example, 'play' becomes 'played'. However, there are some irregular verbs, for example 'go' becomes 'went' and 'ran' becomes 'run'.

(Here's some help if you are not sure how to pronounce '-ed' at the end of a verb).

Positive with Other Verbs

I walked (regular)

you played (regular)

he cooked (regular)

she listened (regular)

it rained (regular)

we ate (irregular)

they drank (irregular)

Click here for a list of 50 common irregular verbs (PDF file)

Click here for an exercise about irregular verbs in this verb tense

Click here for another irregular verb exercise

In the negative there aren't any irregular verbs. All verbs use 'did not (didn't) + infinitive':

Negative Negative Short Form

I did not walk I didn't walk

you did not play you didn't play

he did not cook he didn't cook

she did not listen she didn't listen

it did not rain it didn't rain

we did not eat we didn't eat

they did not drink they didn't drink

Here's an exercise about the negative form

Questions are also very easy. Just put 'did' before the subject, and the infinitive after it.

Here are the 'yes / no' questions:

'Yes / No' Questions

did I walk?

did you play?

did he cook?

did she listen?

did it rain?

did we eat?

did they drink?

And here's an exercise about 'yes / no' questions

To make a 'wh' question, of course, put the question word at the beginning of the sentence:

'Wh' Questions

where did I go?

what did you play?

what did he cook?

why did she listen?

when did it rain?

where did we eat?

how did they travel?

And here's an exercise about 'wh' questions

Here are some exercises about making all the forms:Mixed Exercise 1Mixed Exercise 2Mixed Exercise 3Mixed Exercise 4

Click here to learn about when we use this tense

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-simple.html