PECUARIA Y NEGOCIOS - AÑO 12 - NUMERO 139 - FEBRERO 2016 - PARAGUAY - PORTALGUARANI

8/18/2019 PECUARIA Y NEGOCIOS - AÑO 12 - NUMERO 139 - FEBRERO 2016 - PARAGUAY - PORTALGUARANI

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MÝE =7 | H¾ =


2/60Dcgrcre 7?=47 _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\


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_clumrkm & Hcaelkes. Duhimim ch nuhke ic` 7??9, cs uhm pu-g`klmlküh ic Mrtcbml \.M. _ug`klmlküh bchsum`. Ikstrkgulkühskh leste ch teies ès arcbkes ic `m preiullküh pclumrkm,khiustrkms drkaerâlms, cbprcsms lebcrlkm`cs rc`mlkehmims,

chtcs hmhlkcres c khstktulkehcs pþg`klms, chtrc etres. _re-jkgkim su rcpreiullküh. Yeies ès icrcljes rcscrvmies.

Ytc. Tcrm 7:34 c/ Lhc`. Lmgrcrm y Ir. Lmgm``creMsuhlküh, _mrmaumy

Yc`cdmx> (3;3 7=) 4=7 9?9“44? ;:9“47= 11?/7c-bmk`> pclumrkmOlmbpemarepclumrke.leb.py

IKWCLLKÜHYcrcsm Wkquc`bc ic Webcre

CIKLKÜH

Gruhe Nmrm

WCIMLLKÜH

Hec`km Wkquc`bc

Bkauc` Lmstk`è

\miktj _chmye

IK\CÝEBmrle Dèrchtâh

Imhkc` Wkquc`bc

Eslmr Mym`m

ACWCHLKM LEBCWLKM@

Cbk̀ ke Webcre

_SG@KLKIMI

Aèrkm Evkcie

Lc`> (?;1=) ;=: 4??

(?;:=) 719 3;1aèrkmc`kzmOjetbmk`.leb

M`gcrte EvkcieLc`.> (?;:7) :4: ==?

(?;1=) ;;7 3


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L E [ S H Y S W M

I chtre ic` lrehearmbm ic mltkvkimicsic` p`mh ic mubchte ic tmsm ic pre-lrce (MY_) sc rcm`kzü uhm nerhmim tëlhklmic mltum`kzmlküh ch Lmmpulþ (_mrmaumrâ),khderbü `m Mselkmlküh Wurm` ic` _mrm-aumy (MW_). C` cvchte tuve per egnctkvekhtchsklmr y chrkquclcr ès lehelkbkch-tes chtrc predcskehm`cs y preiultercs ic ̀ mzehm, ch lumhte m MY_ y bcnermbkchteachëtkle gevkhe sc rccrc.

Ducreh rcspehsmg`cs ic` cvchte`m Lebksküh Yëlhklm ic `m MW_, chm`kmhzm leh c` Khstktute Khtcrmbcrklm-he ic Leepcrmlküh pmrm `m Marklu`turm(KKLM), c` Tklcbkhkstcrke ic Amhmicrâm

y c` \crvkl ke Hmlkehm ` ic Lm`kimi y \m-ùi Mhkbm` (\chmlsm).

C` cstmg`clkbkchte vksktmie duc Aum- njü, pcrtchclkchtc m `m dmbk` km _mrlcrksm“ @ekzcmu. Lmgc rclerimr quc Drmhlksle_mrlcrksm cs prcskichtc ic `m MW_ Wc-akehm` _mrmaumrâ. @m sm`kim ic lmbpepcrbktkü lehelcr `m cxpcrkchlkm ic `m

uhkimi preiulterm.Iurmhtc c` chluchtre, sc rcleriü c`

trmgmne chlmbkhmie icsic jmlc ikclksëksmýes y ic ès khklkes jmstm su mltum` leb-pesklküh, ch iehic sc icsmrre``m `m rclrâmic teres Grmderi, Grmjbmh y _e``ci Jcrc-deri. _mrlcrksm cs kaum`bchtc prcskichtc icès lrkmiercs ic _e``ci Jcrcderi _mrmaumy.

C` mhtrküh khstü m mprevcljmr èsrclurses ch lmim icpmrtmbchte pmrm pre-iulkr y mubchtmr ̀ m tmsm ic prelrce, trms-

bktkchie ès lehelkbkchtes miqukrkiespmrm quc bís preiultercs pucimh èarmrbcnermr su lmpmlkimi ic preiullküh, èquc ch lehscluchlkm gchclkmrí m` pmâs,khderbü `m MW_.

_er su pmrtc, Lmrès Drmhle, tëlhkle ic`KKLM, khiklü quc c` bmhum` segrc Mubchte

ic `m Ymsm ic _relrce ic Amhmie Gevkhe,prcschtmie ch 7?=


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8/60Dcgrcre 7?=4: _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\

L E [ S H Y S W M

C ` Dehie Amhmicre y `m M`kmhzm Mare-pclumrkm ic` _mrmaumy \.W.@. mler-imreh cbprchicr mllkehcs pmrm grkhimrmskstchlkm hmhlkcrm y tëlhklm m eramhkzm-

lkehcs ic preiultercs marepclumrkes, qucmpuhtm m lehtrkgukr leh c` bcnermbkchteic sus lmpmlkimics selkeclehübklms ich-tre ic` bmrle ic sustchtmgk`kimi, khder-

Dehie Amhmicre y M`kmhzm Marepclumrkmic` _mrmaumy leh mskstchlkm m preiultercs

bü `m chtkimi hmhlkcrm pþg`klm. \caþhc` bmtcrkm` imie m lehelcr, mbgms chtk-imics lehskicrmh ic subm kbpertmhlkmlebp`cbchtmr mllkehcs khstktulkehm`cs yrclehelch `m hclcskimi ic írcms ic khtc-

rës lebþh ch `ms quc sc pucic lehtrkgukrpmrm c` dertm`clkbkchte khstktulkehm` ch cìcsmrre`è ic p`mhcs ic mskstchlkm tëlhklmm ès preiultercs pclumrkes.

M`kmhzm Marepclumrkm ic` _mrmaumy\.W.@., pehc m ikspesklküh ic ès l`kch-tcs ic` Dehie Amhmicre, teim sus ambmic preiultes ch `ms skaukchtcs lmtcaerâms>m) Marâle`ms> preiultes pmrm c` lu`tkve ylebgmtc m p`mams, g) Amhmicrâm> m`kbch-tes pmrm c` amhmie y preiultes ikrkakies m`m smùi mhkbm`.

Ch tmhte, c` Dehie Amhmicre peiríjmgk`ktmr `âhcms ic lrëiktes m sus l`kchtcspmrm `m miquksklküh ic ès preiultes mare-amhmicres, prevcâies per M`kmhzm Mare-pclumrkm ic` _mrmaumy \.W.@., m prclkesprebelkehm`cs y ic ikstrkgulküh m bmye-rkstms, m ̀ e lum` M`kmhzm Marepclumrkm ic`_mrmaumy \.W.@., pehirí m ikspesklkühic` Dehie Amhmicre teies ès bmtcrkm`csprebelkehm`cs m ès cdcltes ic quc cstesscmh preperlkehmies m ès l`kchtcs, scaþhsc khiklm ch c` bmtcrkm` ic ikdusküh.

Lmgc rclerimr quc c` Dehie Amhmic-

re cs uhm chtkimi hmhlkcrm ic icsmrre`è y mskstchlkm tëlhklm ic` Cstmie, leh pcr-sehcrâm nurâiklm rclehelkim, pmtrkbehke,lehtmgk`kimi y mibkhkstrmlküh prepkes,luyes hcs seh prebevcr y hmhlkmr p`m-hcs, preycltes y/e prearmbms ic khvcrskühpclumrkes6 `ms mltkvkimics ic cbprcsms kh-iustrkm`cs y marekhiustrkm`cs vkhlu`mims m`m mltkvkimi ic preiullküh pclumrkm, qucicsmrre``ch y petchlkch m` sclter pclumrke6ic `ms cbprcsms ic scrvklke pmrm c` sclterpclumrke, cxlùkims `ms mltkvkimics ic kh-tcrbcikmlküh.

Ch tmhte, M`kmhzm Marepclumrkm ic`_mrmaumy \.W.@. cs uhm cbprcsm icik-lmim m `m lebcrlkm`kzmlküh y ikstrkgulkühch teie c` tcrrkterke ic `m Wcpþg`klm icpreiultes mareamhmicres, lebcrlkm`k-zmhie preiultes ic m`tm lm`kimi ch susikstkhtms ikvkskehcs ch c` bcrlmie luymbksküh cs prevccr seùlkehcs pmrm èsscltercs Marâle`m y Amhmicre, guslmhiesmtksdmlcr `ms cxkachlkms ic` bcrlmie, -hm`kzü c` khderbc.

Wcprcschtmhtcs ic mbgms khstktulkehcs suslrkgch c` mlucrie.

\kbpeske khtcrhmlkehm ̀ic preiullküh ic lmrhc

C ` \kbpeske khtcrhmlkehm` ic pre-iullküh ic lmrhc ch su scauhimciklküh sc rcm`kzmrí c` bmrtcs =3 icbmrze, ch `m scic selkm` ic `m Mselkm-lküh Wurm` ic` _mrmaumy (MW_), chBmrkmhe Wequc Mèhse. Eramhkzmieper Armhes y Hutrklküh \.M. (Arm-husm), ikstrkgukier ic Hutrüh ch c`pmâs, c` cvchte mpuhtmrí m icsmrre``mrtcbms vkhlu`mies m `m khtchsklmlkühic `m preiultkvkimi ch pmsturms.

Lehderbc c` prearmbm sc mgmrlm-ríh mspcltes segrc tëlhklms ic preiul-lküh, sktumlküh mltum` buhikm` y èlmìc `m preiullküh ic lmrhc y vmrkesetres puhtes tëlhkles segrc cstc tcbm.

@m machim khlùyc `m rclcplküh ic: m :>93 y m `ms ; sc nm `m prkbcrmljmr`m segrc khiklmiercs ic `m pre-iullküh amhmicrm, m lmrae ic` pre-iulter, cbprcsmrke y mlmiëbkle pm-rmaumye, Weie`de Armu Grkzuc`m. C`

tcbm ‐Clehebâm pmrmaumym y sclteramhmicre‒ cstmrí m lmrae ic` cx bk-hkstre ic Jmlkchim, Bmhuc` DcrrckrmGrusqucttk. Mhtcs ic` bcikeiâm ̀ m sc-rkc ic lehdcrchlkms khlùkrí ̀ m ‐Cveù-lküh ic ̀ ms tëlhklms ic ̀ m amhmicrâm ch`m þ`tkbm iëlmim‒, m scr ikscrtmim perc` ikrkachtc cbprcsmrkm`, Auk``crbeLmgm``cre Tmrams.

Ch jerms ic `m tmric, cstmríh èspredcskehm`cs grmsk`cýes khvktmies>

Lmrès Eserke y Weirkae Aur`mt,qukchcs sc cxp`mymríh segrc imtes ickhvcstkamlkehcs y lmses príltkles ictcrbkhmlküh ic mhkbm`cs ch pmstu-rms, msâ lebe `m kbpertmhlkm ic uhmmiclumim sup`cbchtmlküh ch dmscs iclrâm y rclrâm, rcspcltkvmbchtc. _mrm`ms =4>


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10/60Dcgrcre 7?=4=? _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\

C T C H Y E \

@m cstm dcrkm` sc icsmrre``mrí ch su

scic trmiklkehm` ‐Qk`drkie \ete‒,ch c` ikstrkte ic @m _mèbm ic`Cspârktu \mhte (Lmhkhicyþ) y rc-

sm`tm lebe `cbm ‐_reycltmhie leh trmgmne`m kbmach ic` pmâs‒. Màuhes imtes m lehe-lcr ch `m prcschtmlküh khlùyü uhm lmhtkimirëleri ic cxpesktercs, quc supcrmh `ms 9??cbprcsms, è quc rcakstrm c` lrclkbkchte chcstc erich6 sc jmgk`ktmreh ùamrcs lugkcrtespmrm mhkbm`cs ic lebpctchlkm y sc prcvë qucpmrm cstm ciklküh tchirí uhm pmrtklkpmlküh

CZ_E LMHKHIC[Þ 7?=4

@m _mèbm sc prcpmrmpmrm su =:ª cstm

@M CZ_E LMHKHIC[Þ 7?=4 MNS\YM ICYM@@C\_MWM M@GCWAMW M \S HSBCWE\E _ÞG@KLE IC@= M@ =? IC MGWK@. Ikrcltkves y eramhkzmiercs rcm`kzm-reh `m prcschtmlküh ic` cvchte c` ùhcs 77 ic dcgrcre, chc` sm`üh selkm` ic `m Mselkmlküh Wurm` ic` _mrmaumy (MW_),ch Bmrkmhe Wequc Mèhse. @m bucstrm mhuhlkm uhm scrkcic mtrmltkves, micbís ic epertuhkimics ic hcaelkes.

rëleri ic lmgmýms ch ̀ m bucstrm. @es ̀ uamrcs

icstkhmies pmrm mhkbm`cs ic gezm` ym ducrehrcscrvmies mhtcrkerbchtc, sc khderbü.

Ymbgkëh ch lumhte m rcbmtc, cstc sclehstktuyc ch uh puhte m`te ic `m Cxpe Lm-hkhicyþ. _mrm `m hucvm ciklküh, ès eram-hkzmiercs tkchch prcvkste lkhle iâms ic su-gmstms, trcs ic khvcrhmim, leh uhm edcrtm chterhe m 4 bk` cncbp`mrcs y ies ic rcpreiul-

tercs, pmrm è lum` cstmrâmh pucstes m lehsk-icrmlküh ic ̀ m icbmhim uhes 71? mhkbm`cs.@ms khvcrskehcs kaum`bchtc skaukcreh ch

etres íbgktes. Ch cstc schtkie, sc icstmlüquc pcsc m `m lrksks, `m eramhkzmlküh icstkhüdehies pmrm bcnerms ch c` sclter amstrehü-bkle, ic derbm m grkhimr bmyer lebeik-imi. @ms ljmr`ms tëlhklms lebp`cbchtmríh`ms prepucstms. Ch cstc puhte, ès rcspehsm-g`cs ic `m bucstrm mic`mhtmreh quc sc

HC@\EH LMWIEÊ, leerikhmierachcrm` ic `m cxpesklküh.


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12/60Dcgrcre 7?=4=7 _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\

C T C H Y E \

khvkrtkü pmrm trmcr mhm`kstms khtcrhmlkehm`csic` bcrlmie marepclumrke, qukchcs ikltmríhlehdcrchlkms m ès preiultercs èlm`cs. Chlumhte m cspcltíluès, sc mhuhlkmh sjewsic armh hkvc` leh ̀ m pmrtklkpmlküh ic mrtkstmshmlkehm`cs c khtcrhmlkehm`cs.

C` prkbcre ch imr su bchsmnc duc c`leerikhmier achcrm` ic `m cxpesklküh,Hc`seh Lmrieze. Marmiclkü m `ms rbmsmuspklkmhtcs per mpeymr c` cbprchikbkch-te. Lm`klü quc `m Cxpe Lmhkhicyþ cs uhcncbpè ic supcrmlküh lehstmhtc. ‐Lumhiemsubkbes c` lebprebkse ic lehstktukrhesch uh arcbke pmrm trmgmnmr per ès khtcrcscsic preiultercs, tchâmbes buy l`mre quc cìcsmdâe crm armhic. Lehslkchtcs ic uhm tm-rcm ikdâlk` pcre he kbpeskg`c. C` tkcbpe scchlmraü ic lehrbmr cstm vcrimi‒, rcrkü.

Ch etre bebchte marmiclkü c` mleb-pmýmbkchte ic arcbkes y ic muterkimicspþg`klms, lebe uhm derbm ic lehtrkgukr lehc` icsmrre`è selkeclehübkle ic `m rcaküh ylebe uh rclehelkbkchte m ès csducrzes icès jebgrcs y buncrcs ic` lmbpe.

Ikne quc teie cste lehtrkguyc m scaukrmpestmhie per ̀ m supcrmlküh. ‐M pcsmr ic ̀ msarmhics iklu`tmics ch `m clehebâm buh-ikm` quc rcpcrlutc hcamtkvmbchtc ch pmâscsch icsmrre`è lebe c` _mrmaumy, ch Lmhkh-icyþ lehstmhtcbchtc sc cstí kbp`cbchtmh-ie c` trmgmne khtcarm` ch ès scltercs ic `m

preiullküh pmrm scaukr mic`mhtc‒, rcrkü.Icstmlü c` mlebpmýmbkchte ic `mscbprcsms m `ms quc lm`klü ic `ms ‐bís kb-pertmhtcs‒. Ic ès hcaelkes amhmicres, rc-leriü quc ch `m ciklküh pmsmim sc rcakstrm-reh vchtms per uh aègm` ic 9 bk`èhcs iciü`mrcs, quc pmrm cstc mýe lehstktuyc uhmbctm m supcrmr, m`chtmies per `m lm`kimi icès cncbp`mrcs y lehmies per `m legcrturmsmhktmrkm leh trmgmnes ic khbuhkzmlküh.

Dkhm`bchtc puhtum`kzü quc ̀ m Cxpe hecs skhe uhm vktrkhm pmrm cxjkgkr tclheèaâmic þ`tkbm achcrmlküh quc pucim pcrbktkrkhlerpermrès m ̀ ms ikvcrsms mltkvkimics ic`

lmbpe. Kaum`bchtc lehrbü `m pmrtklkpm-lküh ic cbprcsms c khstktulkehcs prcstm-ierms ic scrvklkes, `m gmhlm, `m khiustrkm,c` lebcrlke, `m mrtcsmhâm y etres scltercskaum`bchtc mlebpmýmríh ̀ m bucstrm.

Yrms sus pm`mgrms sc cxjkgkü uh bmtc-rkm` muikevksum` segrc `m bucstrm. \cauk-imbchtc jmg`ü c` tktu`mr ic `m MW_ rc-akehm` Lmhkhicyþ, Drmhlksle Tkmhljcte,qukch khiklü quc ``cvü c` bchsmnc ic rcm-rbmlküh ic` lebprebkse ic trmgmne lehc` pmâs, leh uh armh eptkbksbe. ‐Hucstreeptkbksbe tkchc rmâlcs rbcs ch jcljeslehlrctes quc jey derbmh pmrtc ic `m rcm-`kimi quc vkvc c` icpmrtmbchte‒, cxp`klü.

Ch rcprcschtmlküh ic `m MW_, jmg`üsu vklcprcskichtc prkbcre, Dkic` ^mvm`m.Mprevcljü `m epertuhkimi pmrm dc`klktmr m`m eramhkzmlküh ic `m bucstrm per c` lrclk-bkchte sestchkie m è `mrae ic ès =: mýesic rcm`kzmlküh. Lm`klü quc c` rcsu`tmieicgc scr betkve ic erau`è pmrm ès rcs-pehsmg`cs ic `m Cxpe Lmhkhicyþ.

Chtrc ès prcschtcs sc puie egscrvmrkaum`bchtc m pmr`mbchtmrkes, lebe Lrkstk-hm Tk``m`gm ic Mgchtc y _urklmlküh Be-rc`6, msâ lebe m` khtchichtc ic @m _mèbmic` Cspârktu \mhte, Lrkstügm` Tk``m`gm6 m`chlmramie ic icspmlje ic` Tklcbkhkstcrkeic Amhmicrâm, Esbmr Geamie, m` prcskich-tc ic `m Mselkmlküh ic Lebkskehcs ic \mùiMhkbm` (Mlehsm), Mhtehke Tmslehlc`ès6 m`

rcprcschtmhtc ic` Gmhle Hmlkehm` ic De-bchte, Tâlter Bkrmhim6 m` leerikhmier ac-hcrm` ic `m Cxpe ic Bmrkmhe Wequc Mèh-se, \kxte Bkrmhim6 msâ lebe c` leerikhmierachcrm` minuhte ic Lmhkhicyþ, c` rclehelk-ie ikrkachtc Lc`kte Legm`ljkhk, chtrc etres.

LM@CHIMWKE. C` prearmbm ym ducmhtklkpmie kaum`bchtc. @m bucstrm krm ic`= m` =? ic mgrk ` ch c` prcike ym bchlkehm-ie. Ic` tetm` ic `ms


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14/60=9 Dcgrcre 7?=4_CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\

J my uhm drmsc mtrkgukim m `mBmirc Ycrcsm ic Lm`lu-tm quc rczm màe msâ lebe‐Jmy quc jmlcr ̀ ms lesms erik-

hmrkms, leh uh mber cxtrmerikhmrke‒ . [ qukchjmlc màe cxtrmerikhmrke, hclcsmrkmbchtccs uh scr cxtrmerikhmrke. Acrbíh WuâzMvckre qucimrí ch `m jksterkm ch cstc aru-pe ic pcrsehms. \u tcbprmhe iclcse sc imm pelms scbmhms ic lu`bkhmr su bmhimtem` drchtc ic su qucrkim Mselkmlküh Wurmìc` _mrmaumy (MW_), lehstktuyëhiesc chc` prkbcr tktu`mr ic` arcbke pclumrke chdm``clcr ch cncrlklke ic sus duhlkehcs.

Tctcrkhmrke ic predcsküh, hmlkü chLehlcplküh c` 7= ic nu`ke ic =;9:, chuhm trmiklkehm` dmbk`km amhmicrm, sc-aþh luchtm `m bcberkm ic `m MW_. \uderbmlküh mlmiëbklm `m lebp`ctü ch c`Le`cake Khtcrhmlkehm` ic Msuhlküh. \upmsküh per c` lmbpe è ``cvü m cstuikmr

vctcrkhmrkm, lehskaukchie su bctm m`carcsmr ic `m Dmlu`tmi ic Lkchlkms Tc-

tcrkhmrkms ic `m Shkvcrskimi Hmlkehmìc Msuhlküh. Micbís èarü lu`bkhmr ymllcicr m tâtuè ic pkète mvkmier.

Leh c` tkcbpe lehelcrâm m Bmrâm [e`mhim ic Berche, su qucrkim _cùsm,qukch ym he è mgmhiehmrâm huhlm bísjmstm su þ`tkbes iâms. Ic` bmtrkbehkehmlkcreh ies jknes> Acrbíh y _mtrklkm

y c``m `c imrâm uhe ic ès tâtuès bísmprclkmies, scr mgucè ic sus ies hkctesAkmhbmrle y Wchmtm.

Lebe jebgrc ic lmbpe he seèkhlurskehü ch amhmicrâm, ch sus cstm-

g`clkbkchtes ch \mh _cire y Lmmaum-zþ, skhe quc kaum`bchtc m`chtü `m pre-iullküh khtcarmim leh `m khlùsküh ic`m marklu`turm.

M `m pmr ic iksdrutmr ic `m dmbk`km y ic sus mltkvkimics predcskehm`cs y `m-germ`cs, su cbprchicierm khqukctui è``cvü m icsmrre``mr etre tkpe ic mber, uhschtkbkchte arcbkm` quc è kbpu`smrâm muhm mllküh bís lehlrctm quc `m chleh-trü ch `m MW_.

\u pmse ch `m Wurm` duc armium`, chrcakehm`cs prkbcre y ùcae ch `m lebk-

sküh ikrcltkvm lchtrm`. Jmstm msubkr `mprcskichlkm ic `m MW_ ch c` 7?=7. Lmr-ae quc scrâm rchevmie per etre pcrkeiequc dchclâm c` 79 ic mgrk` ic cstc mýe.

_mrm`c`mbchtc chlmrü vmrkms khklkmtkvms. \c lehstktuyü ch rcdcrchtc ic ̀ m Duh-imlküh Mselkmlküh Wurm` ic` _mrmaumypmrm c` Icsmrre`è (Duhimrp). Khtcrmltuüleh etres arcbkes drmtcrhm`cs y cbprcsm-rkm`cs, skchie tktu`mr ic `m Dcicrmlküh ic`m _reiullküh, ̀ m Khiustrkm y c` Lebcrlke(Dcprkhle), msâ lebe ``cvmr `m rcprcsch-tmlküh y su chtuskmsbe m``chic `ms dreh-

tcrms m` khtcarmr y prcskikr ch derbm pretëbperc `m Dcicrmlküh ic MselkmlkehcsWurm`cs ic` Bcrlesur (DMWB) e ikrkakr`m Líbmrm ic Lebcrlke Khtcrhmlkehm`Lmpâtuè _mrmaumy (KLL _mrmaumy) elehstktukrsc ch bkcbgre duhimier ic `mLíbmrm ic Lebcrlke _mrmaumye“Mbc-rklmhm ch Hucvm [erf y ic `m Líbmrm icLebcrlke _mrmaumye-_crumhm.

\u mber per su qucrkim MW_ kaum`-bchtc ̀ e puse pcrbmhchtcbchtc ch pmrtk-

lkpmr lumhtms vclcs puie ic khklkmtkvms ic`ms chtkimics mselkmims, scmh ch lurses, cx-pesklkehcs, cvchtes selkm`cs, dcrkms, rcbm-tcs, cvmùmlkehcs ic mýe, sm`kims ic lmbpe

y etrms mltkvkimics ̀ `cvmhie su mijcsküh ybchsmnc ic trmgmne pmrm c` icsmrre`è.

C` 77 ic dcgrcre pmsmie duc pmrm uhescstuikes ch c` smhmterke \mh Wequc icMsuhlküh. Iâms mhtcs cstuve rcm`kzmhiemàuhms mltkvkimics ic rutkhm, jmgâm kh-iklmie Weacr Lmrieze, ikrclter ic Wc-`mlkehcs _þg`klms y _reteleè ic `m MW_.\erprcskvmbchtc sudrkü uh khdmrte, èquc è icnmrâm khtcrhmie uhes iâms bís,prcvkëhiesc uhm khtcrvchlküh qukrþraklmc` sígmie 71, skh cbgmrae c` rcsu`tmie heduc c` cspcrmie y dm``clkü m lehscluchlkmic uh sjelf lmrikmle, m ès 41 mýes.

Yeimvâm leh c` ieèr per `m përikimic su bmrkie, ieým [e`mhim, ikduhikü uhpcikie ikahe ic icstmlmr. Lebe ikrcl-term ic` Lehscne Mscser ic `m Duhimrp,pkikü he chvkmr lerehms ic ercs m` vc-

èrke, skhe icstkhmr c` kbpertc lebe ie-hmlküh m `m duhimlküh pmrm lehlùkr `msegrms ic` sm`üh bu`tkuse ic ̀ m lebuhkimiFmbgmy, ch Lmmaumzþ, pmrm mtchlküh ickhiâachms y lmbpcskhes ic `m zehm.

C` scpc`ke duc c` iebkhae 7:, chc` lcbchtcrke ic `m Wcle`ctm ic Msuh-lküh, leh pmrtklkpmlküh ic` mrzegkspeCibuhie Tm`chzuc`m. Mlebpmýmrehicstmlmims aurms ic` cbprcsmrkmie hm-lkehm`, micbís ic dmbk`kmrcs, mbkaes ypcrsehms vkhlu`mims m `m MW_.

Iurmhtc su prcskichlkm sc icstmlm-

reh vmrkes jcljes khstktulkehm`cs, ic`sclter amhmicre y m hkvc` hmlkehm`, scmpmrm pesklkehmr m `m MW_ lebe pmrmlehtrkgukr m dertm`clcr c` cstmtus vctc-rkhmrke y `m pmrtklkpmlküh pmrmaumym chc` lehlkcrte ic` lebcrlke khtcrhmlkehmìc lmrhcs. _cre per segrc teie, skcbprcprkbü csc ieh ic pcrsehm, lmgm``cre mlmrtm lmgm`, rbc ch bebchtes ikdâlk`cs

y rcspctuese ic` trmgmne._mz ch su tubgm!

Kh Bcberkmb

(=;9: “ 7?=4)

Acrbíh Wuâz Mvckre


15/60


16/60=4 _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\ Dcgrcre 7?=4

H C A E L K E \

Ch lehdcrchlkm ic prchsm icsmrre-``mim ch `m scic selkm` ic `m Mse-lkmlküh _mrmaumym ic Lrkmiercsic Grmjbmh, c` bmrtcs =4 ic

dcgrcre y leh pmrtklkpmlküh ic rcprcsch-tmhtcs ic `ms lumtre rmzms prevccierms ic`bmtcrkm` achëtkle, micbís ic muterkimics

BÍ\ GETKHE\ M CLSMIEW

\c rcpktc `m dürbu`m

\C LEHLWCYÜ C@ HSCTE MLSCWIE _EW C@ LSM@ \C WCYEBM@M TCHYM IC GETKHE\ M CLSMIEW, WC_KYKCHIE @M DÜWBS-@M IC @E\ CHTÂE\ MËWCE\ _CWE LEH M@ASHM\ BEIKDKLM-LKEHC\ CH LSMHYE M @M E_CW MYKTKIMI, AWMLKM\ M @M CZ_C-WKCHLKM MLSBS@MIM, _MWM MAK@K^MW BÍ\ C@ KHYCWLMBGKE.

\c mhuhlkü quc `m lebcrlkm`kzmlküh ve`vcrí m cstmr ch c` erich icuhms =.??? lmgczms, vmùmims ch uhes < bk`èhcs ic iü`mrcs.

hmlkehm`cs y ic` arcbke pclumrke, sc ikem lehelcr c` hucve mlucrie quc guslmrírcpctkr c` ëxkte ic` mýe pmsmie lumhie scrcakstrü c` jkstürkle chvâe ic mhkbm`cs chpkc vâm mërcm m Clumier.

He egstmhtc y icgkie m `m cxpcrkchlkmrclkchtc, sc khtreiuncreh màuhes lmbgkes

ch `m epcrmtkvkimi, lebe `m lumrchtchmch c` cstmg`clkbkchte, sm`ve quc sc trmtchic trms`mies ic `mram ikstmhlkm, icsic cèrkach jmstm `m tcrbkhm` mërcm. _mrm csteslmses cxlcplkehm`cs sc cbp`cmrí `m uhkimimlehiklkehmim pmrm uhm bcner prcpmrm-lküh prcvkm m` vucè ic ès mhkbm`cs.


17/60


18/60=: _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\ Dcgrcre 7?=4

H C A E L K E \

@m trmhsmllküh sc rcm`kzm ic vuc`tm chderbm ikrcltm per pmrtc ic` aegkcrhe icClumier. C` pcikie cs per =.??? lmgczms,

vmùmims ch uhes < bk`èhcs ic iü`mrcs.@es cbgmrqucs mërces sc bmhtchiríh chc` Mcrepucrte Aumrmhâ, ch c` M`te _mrmhí.Ic he surakr khlehvchkchtcs, ch mgrk` ym scpeirâm tchcr c` prkbcr ètc pmrm chvkmr.

\c prearmbmreh khklkm`bchtc lum-tre vucès y `ms lmrams peirâmh vmrkmr icmlucrie m` pcse y prclke, scaþh sc supe.

Ch prkhlkpke sc jmg`m ic uhes :?? iü`m-rcs per lmgczm ch jcbgrms y ch terhe m7.3?? iü`mrcs per rcpreiultercs bmljes.Shm vcz bís sc cbp`cmríh achëtklm ic`ms rmzms Grmderi, Grmjbmh, Grmhaus yHcèrc, muhquc prcdcrchtcbchtc mhkbm-`cs ic lmbpe y he tmhte ic gezm`, ic `mslmtcaerâms Gmsc ic lmim rmzm. @m lebpe-sklküh scrí ic príltklmbchtc c` :?% icjcbgrms y c` 7?% ic bmljes.

Bmhuc` Gegmik``m, prcskichtc ic `mGrmjbmh _mrmaumy, khiklü quc c` aègm`khlùkrâm m vmquk``ms Grmhaus (9?? lmgc-zms), Grmjbmh (7??), Grmderi (=??) y Hc-èrc (=??), msâ lebe 3? teres Grmjbmh,etres tmhtes Hcèrc6 7? teres Grmhaus y=? teres Grmderi. Etrms cspclklmlkehcskhlùych `m cimi quc peirâm cstmr ch c`

Wcprcschtmhtcs ic ̀ ms lumtre rmzms prevccierms, ic `mMW_ y c` Tklcbkhkstre iurmhtc ̀ m lehdchlkm ic prchsm.

BMHSC@ GEGMIK@@M, prcskichtcic ̀ m Grmjbmh _mrmaumy.

BMHSC@ WEIWÂASC^,prcskichtc ic ̀ m Hcèrc _mrmaumy.

rmaumy, Bmhuc` Weirâaucz, pehicrü `mcxlc`chtc mimptmlküh ic ès cncbp`mrcschvkmies c` mýe pmsmie m lmbpes clum-terkmhes. Ch rcprcschtmlküh ic `m Grmh-aus _mrmaumy cstuve Hëster Lmstc`he-

ve, qukch mic`mhtü quc khlùse sc mgrchepertuhkimics ic hucves icstkhes ic `machëtklm gevkhm pmrmaumym.

Ic kaum` derbm, vmèrmreh c` trmgmneicsp`camie jmstm c` bebchte y dc`klktmrehm` Aegkcrhe y m ̀ m Mselkmlküh Wurm` ic` _m-rmaumy (MW_) per `ms acstkehcs cbprchik-ims y `ms lehlrclkehcs ic hm` dc`kz ch cstmstrmhsmllkehcs. Ch csc schtkie, c` vklcprcsk-ichtc scauhie ic `m MW_, Lmrès _crckrm,icstmlü kaum`bchtc c` pesklkehmbkchte ic

`m achëtklm gevkhm pmrmaumym ch c` cxtcrker y mhtklkpü quc sc cstíh prebevkchie bísmllkehcs pmrm chlmrmr dutures icsmdâes.

Cxp`klü quc he cs seè mlebpmýmrès tríbktcs, skhe quc bmhtchcr c` leh-tmlte leh ès lebprmiercs. Cste khlùsepcrbktkü tmbgkëh icsmrre``mr mllkehcs icprebelküh ic `m lmrhc pmrmaumym,

‐C` aègm` khlùkrâm m vmquk``ms Grmh-

aus (9?? lmgczms), Grmjbmh (7??),Grmderi (=??) y Hcèrc (=??), msâlebe 3? teres Grmjbmh, etres tmh-tes Hcèrc6 7? teres Grmhaus y =?teres Grmderi. Etrms cspclklmlke-

hcs khlùych `m cimi quc peirâm cs-tmr ch c` rmhae ic =: m 79 bcscs yleh pcses ic 7?? m 73? (jcbgrms) yic 93? m 3?? (bmljes)‒.

Bmhuc` Gegmik``m

rmhae ic =: m 79 bcscs y leh pcses ic 7??m 73? (jcbgrms) y ic 93? m 3?? (bmljes).

M su turhe y per `m Grmderi _mrm-aumy jmg`ü su tktu`mr, Lcdcrkhe Bëhicz,qukch icstmlü `m peskgk`kimi quc ic vuc`-tm sc prcschtm m` pmâs pmrm scaukr mvmh-zmhie lebe pmâs prevccier ic achëtklm.Ch tmhte, c` prcskichtc ic `m Hcèrc _m-

LCDCWKHE BËHIC^, prcskichtcic `m Grmderi _mrmaumy.


19/60


20/607? _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\ Dcgrcre 7?=4

H C A E L K E \

lebe uh miklkehm` pmrm mbp`kmr `ms pesk-gk`kimics ic hcaelkes leh bís preiultes.Tmèrü c` trmgmne quc tebm lebe beicè`m m`kmhzm pþg`kle “ prkvmim pmrm cstc tkpeic khklkmtkvms quc icbestrü su ëxkte.

Ch tmhte, pmrm c` vklcbkhkstre ic Am-hmicrâm, Bmrles Bcikhm, cstc tkpe ic jc-

ljes he jmlch skhe dertm`clcr `m kbmachic` pmâs ch c` cxtcrker y quc ès trmgmnesicgch scaukr erkchtmies m pesklkehmr c`preiulte pmrmaumye ch ès bcrlmies kh-tcrhmlkehm`cs. Wccxkehü quc ch bebch-tes ch quc Mrachtkhm rctebm ducrzms pmrm

ve`vcr leh teie m` rucie lebcrlkm`, _mrm-aumy icgc mpestmr per cstrmtcakms quc `cpcrbktmh scaukr aezmhie ic `m mlcptmlküh

y prcdcrchlkm ic` lehsubkier.

Ch cstc puhte, khiklü quc sk gkch scpucic rcskahmr pesklkehcs per uhm lucs-tküh ic veùbch, è quc qucim cs trmgmnmr

y pesklkehmr `m lmrhc pmrmaumym per su lm-`kimi y tebmr cse lebe bmrlm khic`cg`c

y quc sc nc ch `m bchtc ic` lehsubkierkhtcrhmlkehm`. _mrm c`è sc vkchc trmgmnmh-ie icsic jmlc tkcbpe ch bcnermr `m achë-

tklm y quc teie c`è lehtrkguyc pmrm quc_mrmaumy pucim scaukr preycltmhie uhmkbmach ic pmâs scrke.

Ymbgkëh jkze bchlküh m quc ès cncb-p`mrcs chvkmies ym c` mýe pmsmie he tuvkc-reh bmyerbchtc khlehvchkchtcs y quc süèsc rcakstrü uh lmse ic bertmhimi pcre peretrms rmzehcs mnchms m `m lucstküh smhktmrkme ic mimptmlküh (sc lmyü m uh peze) y quche cbpmým c` èare m`lmhzmie.

Wcleriü quc teies ès lestes seh msu-bkies per c` aegkcrhe clumterkmhe, khlù-

ychie c` trms`mie. Ch csc schtkie, khiklüquc ym sc trmhsrkü dehies pmrm `m hucvmmiquksklküh. _ehicrü quc `m rcktcrmlkühic` pcikie per gevkhes pmrmaumyes he

jmlc skhe rcmrbmr `m lm`kimi achëtklmgevkhm hmlkehm` y uh acste ic rclehelk-bkchte m `m `mger ic ès amhmicres. Msâlebe `m vmèrmlküh ic ès lebprmiercsper `m lm`kimi ic` amhmie, quc he seè ``c-hü `ms cxpcltmtkvms skhe quc duc lm`klmielebe bmtcrkm` lebpmrmg`c m m`tm achëtklmic etres pmâscs.

HË\YEW LM\YC@HETE,rcprcschtmhtc ic Grmhaus _mrmaumy.

BMWLE\ BCIKHM ,vklcbkhkstre ic Amhmicrâm.

LMW@E\ _CWCKWM,vklcprcskichtc scauhie ic `m MW_.


21/60



Ch `m rucim ic prchsm rcm`kzmimper `m Mselkmlküh _mrmaumymic Lrkmiercs ic Grmderi, sckhderbü quc `m Hmlkehm` tkchc

prcvkstm cstc mýe `m pmrtklkpmlküh ic bísic


23/60



LMGMÝM IEÝM BMWK\

Grmhaus - G rm de ri - Hc `e rc

(MLG_)

◅ Bcner Cxpeskter>

m gezm` =cr. @uamr

◅ Bcner Lrkmier>

m gezm` =cr. @uamr

◅ Ikdusküh ic ̀ m rmzm>

7ie. @uamr

◅ Bcner Lrkmier m gezm`> 9te. @uamr

◅ Bcner Cxpeskter m gezm`>


25/60

Qm`ikhe Wmbüh @evcrm H¾ 473? l/ W.K. 3 Arm`. Iâmz - Msuhlküh - _mrmaumy

Yc`.> (3;3-7=) 4?9 (3;3 - 7=) 4=7 1;=

C-bmk`> vkrmie`lOrkcicr.hct.py

www.vkrmie`lc.leb

(M_LH)

BELJE

◅ Bcner Lrkmier>

9te. @uamr

◅ Bcner Cxpeskter>

9te. @uamr

◅ Bcner Lrkmier>3te. @uamr

◅ Bcner Cxpeskter>9te. @uamr

(M_LH)


26/60_CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\74 Dcgrcre 7?=4

H E Y K L K M \

C ̀l k̀bm, prkhlkpm ̀icsmdâech lmbpmým mhtkmdtesm

C@ =3 IC DCGWCWE _M\MIE IKCWEHKHKLKE M@ _WKBCW _CWKEIE IC TMLS-

HMLKÜH IC@ 7?=4 LEHYWM @M DKCGWCMDYE\M _MWM GETKHE\ [ GSGM@K-HE\. C` `mhzmbkchte ic `m lmbpmým sc rcm-`kzü ch `m Cstmhlkm Cxpcrkbchtm` Gmrrcrkte y

`m lmbpmým, micbís ic su egnctkve ic lu-

grkr m bís ic =9 bk`èhcs ic lmgczms, ch-drchtm uh cslchmrke l`kbítkle kbprciclkg`cy lmbgkmhtc. Iurmhtc c` mlte sc ve`vkü m rc-

sm`tmr ̀ m kbpertmhlkm ic khbuhkzmr lehtrm ̀ m

chdcrbcimi quc tkchc uh cherbc kbpmlteselkm` y clehübkle pmrm c` pmâs.

S

gklmim chtrc ès ikstrktes ic]uyquyjü y Lmmpulþ (_mrm-aumrâ), `m Cstmhlkm ‐Gmrrcrkte‒,duc c` cslchmrke pmrm imr mpcr-

turm elkm` m` prkbcr pcrkeie ic vmluhm-lküh lehtrm `m mdtesm ch rcgmýes gevkhes ygugm`khes. @m uhkimi cxpcrkbchtm` pcrtc-hclc m` Khstktute _mrmaumye ic YclheèaâmMarmrkm (K_YM) y `m iclksküh ic trms`mimrjmstm mjâ c` mlte khlùyü `m khtchlküh icbestrmr c` cstmie ch c` lum` sc chluchtrm

CH ‐GMWWCWKYE‒ \C IKE BMWLJM M@_WKBCW _CWKEIE IC TMLSHMLKÜH

cstc cstmg`clkbkchte, quc lehderbü pmrtcic `m lmpmlktmlküh ic` scbk``cre ic predc-skehm`cs vctcrkhmrkes.

C` bmrle duc mprepkmie, leh `m pmr-tklkpmlküh ic muterkimics ic` sclter, ik-rkachtcs y preiultercs y duhlkehmrkestëlhkles y predcskehm`cs, qukchcs


27/60


28/60Dcgrcre 7?=47: _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\

H E Y K L K M \

Leh pmrtklkpmlküh ic preiultercs, tëlhkles yrcprcschtmhtcs ic` sclter sc icsmrre``ü c` mlte.

mluikcreh jmstm c` ùamr. C` l`kbm prc-iebkhmhtc duc se`cmie y lmùrese quc hetmriü ch lehvcrtkrsc ch uh geljerhe pmrmès prcschtcs.

[ nustmbchtc c` l`kbm duc uhe ic ès

tcbms bís scým`mies iurmhtc c` mlte iclmrm m `m khbuhkzmlküh ic` rcgmýe. Icjclje, icgkie m su lebpertmbkchte chès þ`tkbes bcscs duc rcspehsmg`c icm`tcrmr c` lm`chimrke ic vmluhmlküh qucsc ve`vkü rutkhm ch mýes rclkchtcs. Msâ,`m sktumlküh l`kbítklm sc prcschtm lebec` prkhlkpm` icsmdâe pmrm c` prkbcr pc-rkeie ic khbuhkzmlküh. @es prehüstkleshe seh ès bcnercs pmrm c` icsmrre`è iccstc trmgmne.

‐C` icsmdâe hk skqukcrm ym cs vmlu-hmr, perquc cse è vchkbes jmlkchie. Cìcsmdâe cs c` l`kbm quc sc hes vm m prc-schtmr. Khste m `ms Lebkskehcs ic \mùiMhkbm` m ``cvmr m lmge `m vmluhmlküh ic`m bcner bmhcrm peskg`c, m bkrmr `ms ic-gk`kimics quc puikbes jmgcr tchkie c krlerrkakëhie`ms y trmtmr ic mprevcljmr c`guch tkcbpe, m pcsmr ic` lmèr khtchse.Chtchicbes quc jmy írcms ic` pmâs ieh-ic sc tchiríh iklu`tmics, pcre tmbgkëhluchtch leh hesetres pmrm guslmr `ms sm-`kims‒, bmhkdcstü Juae Kieymam, prcsk-ichtc ic` \crvklke Hmlkehm` ic Lm`kimi

y \mùi Mhkbm` (\chmlsm).

JSAE KIE[MAM , prcskichtc ic` \crvklkeHmlkehm` ic Lm`kimi y \mùi Mhkbm`.

C` lebpertmbkchte l`kbítkle eg`k-aü m khklkmr m bcikmies ic dcgrcre, è

quc usum`bchtc mrrmhlm mhtcs> c` pr kbcrpcrkeie ic vmluhmlküh lehtrm `m m dtesm.Ch cstm hucvm ciklküh, lerrcspehikchtc

gmrae, leh `m ``camim ic tcrhcres cstchþbcre sc mlcrlmrâm m =9,3 bk`èhcs.‐Tmbes m vmluhmr teie è quc scm pesk-g`c‒, puhtum` kzü Kieymam.

C` tktu`mr ic` \chmlsm khskstkü segrc`m kbpertmhlkm ic `m lmbpmým ic vmlu-hmlküh. Bchlkehü ies mspcltes m tchcrch luchtm> `m smhkimi mhkbm` y c` le-bcrlke. \kh c` prkbcre, c` scauhie cskhvkmg`c. @es crrercs ichtre ic cstm ml-tkvkimi preiulch uh kbpmlte cxtrcbm-imbchtc hcamtkve y he seè per è qucachcrm ch c` p`mhe khtcrhmlkehm`, skhetmbgkëh per è quc rcprcschtm m hkvc`khtcrhe `m lmichm ic vmèr amhmicrm. Ch_mrmaumy cxkstch bís ic =34.??? tchc-

iercs ic amhmie. C` :3% ic cstc arupetkchch bches ic =?? lmgczms y, ic cstcscabchte, c` 4?% luchtm leh bches ic7? mhkbm`cs.

‐C` kbpmlte selkm` ic `m amhmicrâm,se`mbchtc sk bkrmbes `m tchchlkm ic mhk-bm`cs, cs cxtrcbmimbchtc kbpertmhtc.Micbís sc icgc lehskicrmr c` rcste ic`ms mltkvkimics lehcxms quc cstíh ictrís,lebe c` trmhspertc, c` pcrsehm` pmrm tm-rcms lebe m`mbgrmims, ès pcehcs ic cs-tmhlkms, chtrc etres‒, lebchtü.

Cxprcsü quc `m cgrc mdtesm cs `m ch-

dcrbcimi bís kbpertmhtc pmrm `m amhmic-râm. \kh cbgmrae ikne quc cxkstch buljmsetrms, y quc sk hucstre pmâs prctchic mllc-icr m bcrlmies bís lebpctktkves, icgcrímiclumrsc m cxkachlkms bís mbp`kms. ‐C`pmâs kbpertmier e khtcrcsmie ch kbpertmr

vkchc leh sus lehiklkehcs y, sk c` cxpertm-ier he tkchc `m lehiklküh skbk`mr pmrm mr-behkzmr, he jmy hcaelke. Cs per cse qucicgcbes scaukr sugkchie, lumhie teimvâmcstmbes leh `m cgrc mdtesm‒.

‐C` icsmdâe hk skqukcrm ym cs vmluhmr,perquc cse è vchkbes jmlkchie. Cìcsmdâe cs c` l`kbm quc sc hes vm mprcschtmr. Khste m `ms Lebkskehcs ic\mùi Mhkbm` m ``cvmr m lmge `m vmlu-hmlküh ic `m bcner bmhcrm peskg`c, mbkrmr ̀ ms icgk`kimics quc puikbes jm-

gcr tchkie c kr lerrkakëhie`ms y trmtmric mprevcljmr c` guch tkcbpe, m pcsmric` lmèr khtchse. Chtchicbes qucjmy írcms ic` pmâs iehic sc tchiríhiklu`tmics, pcre tmbgkëh luchtchleh hesetres pmrm guslmr `ms sm`kims‒.

Juae Kieymam

m` mýe 7?=4, sc cxtchicrí jmstm bmrze y sc prctchic khlùkr m uh jmte gevkhesupcrker m =9 bk`èhcs. Mltum`bchtc `m

cxkstchlkm rcm` rehim `ms =7,4 bk`èhcsic lmgczms ichtre ic` skstcbm. \kh cb-


29/60


30/60Dcgrcre 7?=4


31/60


32/60


33/60

She ic ̀ es cncbp`mrcs ic` cstmg`clkbkcht

uhm mltkvkimi ch lehnuhte leh echcaës yuhkvcrskimics ch è quc sc rccrc m hkvc`csic lmrgehe ch pmsturm.

Micbís, armlkms m uh lehvchke lehc` \crvklke Hmlkehm` ic Lm`kimi y \mùiMhkbm` (\chmlsm), pmrtc ic` khbucg`c,uhms 7.1?? jcltírcms, seh icstkhmims pmrmuh írcm ic mks`mbkchte quc pcrbktm achc-rmr khvcstkamlkehcs pmrm icsmrre``mr huc-

ves gke`üakles, tm`cs lebe trmgmnes pmrm vmluhms lehtrm `m mdtesm.

Cxkstch lehvchkes leh etrms chtkim-

ics pmrm kbpu`smr lurses ic lmpmlktmlküh,lebe ès icsmrre``mies leh `m MselkmlkühWurm` ic` _mrmaumy (MW_), prkhlkpm`-bchtc rcakehm` _mrmaumrâ.

Chtrc ès egnctkves ic` K_YM, chtkimiquc rcau`m y mibkhkstrm `ms mltkvkimicsch khvcstkamlkehcs mareamhmicrms m hkvc`hmlkehm`, aurmh ès ic guslmr uh gketkpemhkbm` quc sc mimptc m` pcqucýe y bcikm-he preiulter, ch `ms ikdcrchtcs cspclkcs,scaþh khderbü Yë``cz. Mltum`bchtc rcm-

`kzmh `m khscbkhmlküh mrtklkm` ic vkchtrcsleh scbch ic _mbpm Ljmqucýe, è qucpcrbktc mic`mhtmr uh mýe c` scrvklke ic`ms jcbgrms y eteram uh ljequc ic vkaerjâgrkie. ‐C` _mbpm Ljmqucýe sc lmrml-tcrkzm per `m jmgk`kimi bmtcrhm, `m dcrtk-

preiulter, ym quc cs guchm pmrm prei`cljc y lmrhc‒, marcaü.

GETKHE\. Wcsm`tü quc ichtre p`mhtc`, cxkstch cncbp`mrcs pures Gbmh, quc rcprcschtmh vkchtrcs buy ghes pmrm ès trmgmnes m lmbpe, icgki`m iclkchlkm ic bkhcrm`cs. @es mhkbseh mprevcljmies per uhes ikcz mmprexkbmimbchtc.

‐Chtrc ès egnctkves ic` K_YM, chtk-imi quc rcau`m y mibkhkstrm ̀ ms mltk-

vkimics ch khvcstkamlkehcs maream-hmicrms m hkvc` hmlkehm`, aurmh ès

ic guslmr uh gketkpe mhkbm` quc scmimptc m` pcqucýe y bcikmhe pre-iulter, ch `ms ikdcrchtcs cspclkcs‒.

`kimi y prclelkimi. Yeie csc ljequc hesim uh rcsu`tmie buy guche, segrc teiepmrm lmbpes buy pegrcs ch bkhcrm`cs.Micbís, uhm jcbgrm rcsu`tmhtc ic cstclruzmbkchte cs buy kicm` pmrm c` pcqucýe

Wugëh Yë``cz


34/60


35/60


36/60Dcgrcre 7?=4


37/60

Shm ic `ms armhics hevcimicsprcschtmims ch `m ciklküh ic\jew Wurm` Leepmvc` 7?=4 duc`m khlerpermlküh ic` \jew Wu-

rm` _clumrke, khklkmtkvm quc prctchic quc-imrsc y amhmr micptes ch c` sclter. Ic cstmderbm, `m trmiklkehm` vkirkcrm ic ès mare-hcaelkes ic cstm pmrtc punmhtc grmsk`cýmkhlùyü `m vcrtkchtc amhmicrm. Msâ icscb-

gmrlü `m prepucstm quc chdmtkzü ch c` írcmic amhmie ic lertc y ic `cljc, maùtkhmhiem =7 mselkmlkehcs ic ikdcrchtcs rmzms sktum-ims ch ikvcrses puhtes ic` vclkhe pmâs.

@m cxpesklküh uhm vcz bís duc eram-hkzmim per `m Leepcrmtkvm Marekhiustrkm`Lmslmvc` y pmrm su \jew Wurm` _clumrketrmgmnü ch m`kmhzm leh =7 mselkmlkehcsgrmsk`cýms ic ikvcrsms rmzms. Msâ, cstuvkc-reh prcschtcs lrkmiercs y cncbp`mrcs gevk-hes Mhaus, Grmderi, Grmjbmh, Grmhaus,

Je`mhie, Ncrscy, Hcèrc, _mrie \ukze,_uruhm, \kbbchtm`, \khik y Ymgmpum chuh vcrimicre lültc` achëtkle.

\c prcschtmreh bís ic =?? mhkbm`cs icm`tm pcrderbmhlc pmrm `m cxpesklküh, lebch-tü Dcrhmhie \euzm, predcskehm` ic` icpmrtm-bchte ic mskstchlkm tëlhklm ic ̀ m Leepcrmtk-

vm Leepmvc`. Micbís, ̀ m bucstrm lehtü lehc` mpeye ic ikvcrsms cbprcsms quc ikspehch

ic khsubes y seùlkehcs pmrm c` trmgmne ch c`sclter amhmicre quc ikcreh uh kbpu`se kb-pertmhtc leh su prcschlkm iurmhtc c` cvchte.

IEG@C _WE_Ü\KYE [ IEG@ CMBGKCHYC. @m cxpesklküh pclumrkm kh-lùyü uh sm`üh iehic ̀ es vksktmhtcs rclerrkc-reh per ̀ es pmsk`ès tclhe`üakles prcpmrmies

cxlùskvmbchtc ch ies írcms pmrm ikstrk`ms prepucstms ic amhmie ic lertc y `clre. Ch lmim mbgkchtc, vmrkes predcskehmgerimreh mspcltes vkhlu`mies m` scltebítkle. Msâ, ch amhmie ic lertc sc cxpureh segrc `m amhmicrâm ic ès þ`tkbes

DCWHMHIE \ES^M, predcskehm` ic` icpmrtmbchteic mskstchlkm tëlhklm ic ̀ m Leepcrmtkvm Leepmvc`.


38/60Dcgrcre 7?=4


39/60

@m bucstrm khlùyü uhm scrkc ic ljmr`ms pmrmgrkhimr erkchtmlkehcs m preiultercs y vksktmhtcs.

uhm p`mtmderbm pmrm lehelcr hucvms tclheèaâms ikspehkg`cs chc` bcrlmie, ch uhm armh vkirkcrm ic trmhsdcrchlkm tclhe`üaklm scmch achëtklm, khsubes, bmqukhmrkms, scrvklkes y etres. M su lrktc-rke, c` sclter ic ès marehcaelkes he sc chluchtrm ch lrksks, muh-quc rclehelkü màuhms iklu`tmics, micbís ic egscrvmr màuhmsmuschlkms ic cxpesktercs leh rcspclte m ciklkehcs mhtcrkercs.

M DEWYM@CLCW @M AMHMICWÂM. Ic vuc`tm, \euzm ics-tmlü `m guchm mlcptmlküh quc edrclkü c` scabchte pclumrke ic `mbucstrm y quc cste cstkbu`m m ès eramhkzmiercs m scaukr pmrm bísmic`mhtc. ‐\jew Wurm` _clumrke austü bulje m ès preiultercs.\caukrcbes dertm`clkchie `m bucstrm. C` buhie prclksm ic lmrhc.Hesetres tchcbes quc miclumrhes m preiulkr ch hucstrms prepkc-imics bís fkèarmbes ic lmrhc per jcltírcm, iehic `m kicm cs bm-

yer preiullküh, veùbch y lm`kimi pmrm c` lehsubkier hm`‒, ikne.Dkhm`bchtc \euzm bchlkehü quc `m Leepcrmtkvm Marekhius-

trkm` Leepmvc` sc chluchtrm leh khtchlkehcs ic khlurskehmr leh bísducrzm ch c` sclter pclumrke ym quc mltum`bchtc seè trmgmnmh ch c`prelcsmbkchte ic lmrhc perlkhm y mvâle`m. Mscaurü quc `m bucstrmmlebpmýmrí teies ̀ es mýes \jew Wurm`. _er c`è, rcm`kzü uhm cxtch-skvm khvktmlküh m lehelcr cstm cxpesklküh ch ̀ m lkuimi ic Lmslmvc` mpreiultercs ic ̀ m rcaküh, tm`cs lebe mrachtkhes y pmrmaumyes, lebeuh ̀ uamr quc lehtrkguym leh c` egnctkve ic kr lrclkchie mýe trms mýe

y èarmr uhm khtcarmlküh marâlè m-amhmicrm ch `m rcaküh.


40/60Dcgrcre 7?=49? _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\

H E Y M I C Y M _ M

@ m iclksküh ic ès eramhkzmiercs ch cs-tmg`clcr c` \jew Wurm` _clumrke leh-trkguyü leh imr uh hucve mtrmltkve m `m trm-iklkehm` bucstrm ic uhm ic `ms zehms bíspreiulterms ic `m rcaküh. @m khhevmlkühlubp`kü leh su lebctkie ic rclkgkr vksktms

y cstmg c̀lcr vâhluès chtrc pþg`kle y cxpesk-tercs. @es vksktmhtcs puikcreh mllcicr ch èspcqucýes am`pehcs iehic ikvcrsms lmgmýmscxpuskcreh ̀ es bcnercs mhkbm`cs ch c` rcle-

Tksktmhtcs mtrmâies y

amhmicres chtuskmsbmiesrrkie y ès amhmicres he elu`tmreh su smtks-dmllküh per mleacr m `ms pcrsehms. BmrlcèÍrtkle, prcskichtc ic ̀ m Mselkmlküh Grmsk`c-ým ic Lrkmiercs ic Ymgmpum, duc uhe ic èspreiultercs ch he elu`tmr su cbelküh.

Bchlkehü su m`carâm per pmrtklkpmrch `m cxpesklküh pclumrkm, luye scabch-te pcrbktkü cxpehcr ès mhkbm`cs ic cstmrmzm, quc sc chluchtrm amhmhie micptesch ikvcrsms rcakehcs ic` Grmsk`, ikne.

Wcleriü quc sc trmtm ic uh tkpe icmhkbm` rþstkle, lrcmie pmrm `m preiul-lküh ic lmrhc y leh `m lmrmltcrâstklm be-ljm bmrlm `m ikdcrchlkm. Etrm vchtmnmrcsm`tmim duc su mltktui cxlc`chtc pmrm `m

preiullküh ic lmrhc.Mltum`bchtc `m rmzm sc chluchtrm cx-

pertmhie achëtklm ch ikvcrses pmâscs ic`m rcaküh y ch Curepm, iehic jmh amhmiercsu`tmies pesktkves ch cstes bcrlmies.

Írtkle mibktkü su khtcrës per cx-pehcr màuhes mhkbm`cs ch _mrmaumy,mvm`mhie `m cxlc`chlkm ic `m rmzm pmrmpreiulkr lmrhc, micbís ic ès rcsu`tmiespesktkves egtchkies armlkms m uhm guchmachëtklm, m` bmhcne y m `m mimptmlküh ic`m rmzm, lum`kimics quc _mrmaumy peirâmmprevcljmr pmrm `m preiullküh ic lmrhcch uh duture, khiklü.

‐Hucstrm mselkmlküh icscm ``cvmr màu-hes mhkbm`cs pmrm quc pucimh lehelcr `mrmzm y peicr edrclcr teims `ms khderbmlke-hcs tëlhklms y sus lmrmltcrâstklms. Cstmbesscaures quc peirâm myuimr pmrm c` icsmrre`èclehübkle ic` pmâs. _er c`è jmae cxtchskvm`m khvktmlküh ic lehelcrhes m trmvës ic kh-tcrhct y cspcrmbes prehte vksktmr c` pmâs lehès cncbp`mrcs ic Ymgmpum‒, lehlùyü.

\tkj`. Marebmrmu. Gkeachc.

Bmrlcè Írtkle, prcskichtc ic ̀ m MselkmlkühGrmsk`cým ic Lrkmiercs ic Ymgmpum.


41/60

M ikdcrchlkm ic etrms ciklkehcs, `m prk-bcrm dcrkm ic `m tclheèaâm marâle-`m ic` mýe ic rcdcrchlkm m hkvc` rcakehm`,\jew Wurm` Leepmvc`, rcakstrü vmrkmsbeiklmlkehcs. Msâ lebe ve`vkü leh

Leh lmbgkes y muschlkmsducrzm c` sclter pclumrke, tmbgkëh jugemuschlkms heterkms, ch cspclkm` ch c` sca-bchte icstkhmie m `ms bíqukhms.

Ch csc schtkie, sc puie egscrvmr quche juge `m pmrtklkpmlküh ic lkhle bmrlms

ic pcse ch bmqukhmrkm marâle`m> Nejh Irc, Bmsscy Dcrauseh, Hcw Je``mhi, LKJ y Tm`trm. @m ciklküh 7?=4 ic` cvic bmyer cvchte ic tclheèaâm ic Lmsl(Grmsk`), skhtkü `m muschlkm ic cstms rbch c` icsmrre`è ic sus nerhmims ic` = ic dcgrcre, ch su prcike trmiklkehm` ilkuimi ic` cstmie ic _mrmhí.



H E Y M I C Y M _ M

Bcrkm`. Gm`mhzms Lmpktm`. \cbk``ms Bmtsuim.

\caþh sc puie mvcrkaumr, `ms cbprcsmskhderbmreh quc `m iclksküh sc icgkü m uhkhtchte ic lmbgke ic lm`chimrke, pmrm trms-`mimr `m bucstrm jmlkm c` hm` ic dcgrcre,leh uh `mpse cstrclje, bches ic ies scbm-

hms, mhtcs ic etrm vkirkcrm ic khtcrës pmrm`ms lebpmýâms, `m Cxpeikrcte Letrknm`, qucsc icsmrre``m ch Hìe-Bc-Yequc, cstmie icWke Armhic ie \u`. Cstm sktumlküh icrkvü chquc ̀ ms cbprcsms lktmims iclkikcrmh he pmr-tklkpmr ic` \jew Wurm` 7?=4. M` rcspclte, ̀ melkhm ic prchsm khderbü quc c` lmbgke icdcljm duc uhm eplküh pmrm c` preiulter.

Lehderbc `m eramhkzmlküh ic` \jewWurm`, sc tuve ch luchtm ès lmbgkes icpreiullküh y `ms buimhzms ch `m skcbgrm ylescljm ch `ms rcakehcs ic _mrmhí y BmteAresse. Dkhm`bchtc sc iclkikü bmhtchcrc` lm`chimrke skh beiklmlküh ic dcljm, èquc vkhe ic lehtrmbmhe pmrm `ms cbprcsmscxpeskterms, pucs ym he puikcreh eramhkzmrsu prcschlkm per `m lucstküh èaâstklm.

NMLYE, LEH _WE_SC\YM\ CZ-L@S\KTM\ _MWM @M ELM\KÜH. Lmr-ès Aehám`vcs, acrchtc ic cxpertmlkühic Nmlte, lebchtü quc `m lebpmýâm ``c-

vü vmrkms hevcimics m `m bcambucstrm

ic Lmslmvc`, ch iehic `m marklu`turm icprclksküh y è þ`tkbe ch tclheèaâm duccxpucste mprevcljmhie `m armh vkirkcrmquc rcprcschtm `m dcrkm. \caþh cxp`klü,

Nmlte prcschtü pmrm c` \jew Wurm` Lee-pmvc` 7?=4 hucves beicès ch `m `âhcm icpu`vcrkzmiercs trmlterkzmies. C` icstmqucduc c` hucve Lehier :?? Mb-=:. \us lm-rmltcrâstklms hevciesms khlùych ès pklesic mp`klmlküh y uhm hucvm vcrsküh ic` \ks-tcbm Etbks Bmps Yc`cbctrkm, ikscýmie

pmrm marklu`turm ic prclksküh, msâ lebe`m vcrsküh Etbkshct Begk`c. Yeims cstmsprepucstms cxjkgkims ic bmhcrm cxlùskvmch c` cvchte, khiklü.

TMAÜH BC^L@MIEW IC NSBK@_MWM LEHDKHMBKCHYE.

Wklmrie Lm-hevm, rcspehsmg`c ic Cxpertmlküh ic Nu-bk`, rcsm`tü `m pmrtklkpmlküh ch `m armh vk-irkcrm tclhe`üaklm ic ès marehcaelkes chGrmsk`. ‐Cstmbes prcschtmhie uh vmaühbczl`mier, beicè Nbkx, leh lmpmlkimi

_reiultercs pmrmaumyes ic _cire Numh Lmgm`̀ cre y Lerehc̀ Evkcieprcschlkmh tclheèaâm ic lertc.

_rcschlkm ic Nmlte.


43/60

_repucstms ic MáórcsWKL MWIE L MH ETM, rcspehsmg̀ c icCxpertmlküh ic Nubk`, nuhte m` hucve Nbkx.

ic lmram ic 3 b



H E Y M I C Y M _ M

Dkhm`bchtc sc rcsm`tü quc `m cbprcsmrcm`kzm teie c` mlebpmýmbkchte icsic `mprcvchtm, vchtm y pestvchtm, grkhimhiech teie bebchte `m mskstchlkm tëlhklmrcqucrkim. Chtrc sus mlebpmýmbkchtes

cstí `m lmpmlktmlküh, leh bmtcrkm`cs mu-ikevksum`cs, msâ lebe uhm gmsc ic imtesic teie c` bmhcne ic` cstmg`clkbkchte,quc cs aumrimie, rcakstrmie y chtrcamiem` preiulter.

\MYK\DCLJE LEH _@M^M _MWM-ASM[M, WCM@ J _@MHCM IC\CB-GMWLE IC DÍGWKLM. Bmrlcè WchlfWcm`, ikrclter lebcrlkm` ic `m lebpm-ýâm Wcm` J, pehicrü `m ikhíbklm ic`bcrlmie pmrmaumye y sc bestrü smtks-dclje leh ès èares egtchkies armlkmsm `m pmrtklkpmlküh ic su rcprcschtmhtcèlm` Khhevmlküh \.W.@. ‐Hucstrm cb-prcsm ``cvm bís ic


45/60

Kpmle` ̀ `cvü hevcimics ch c` cvchte

\caþh `ms khderbmlkehcs preperlkehmimsch `m epertuhkimi sc trmtm ic uhm bíqukhmbuy peicresm pmrm `m ikstrkgulküh prclksmic dcrtk`kzmhtcs eraíhkles y etres icscljesic erkach vcactm`. Ykchc `m lmpmlkimi pmrmlehvcrtkrsc ch vmaüh pmrm trmhspertc y ics-lmram ic sk`mnc. Cstí lebpucstm per ljmsksrcderzmie ch ljmpm ic 4,


46/6094 _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\ Dcgrcre 7?=4

C B _ W C \ M \ & _ W E I S L Y E \

MW_ rchevü m`kmhzmsic lebcrlkm`kzmlküh icamhmie leh Cvcricb

@M M\ELKMLKÜH WSWM@ IC@ _MWMASM[ (MW_) [@M CB_WC\M CTCWICB WCHETMWEH _MWM C@7?=4 C@ MLSCWIE IC LEBCWLKM@K^MLKÜH LEH- NSHYM IC AMHMIE IC KHTCWHMIM _EW _MHYM-@@M YC@CTK\MIM. @m lehtkhukimi ic cstc mlucrie ducarmtm pmrm `es preiultercs amhmicres y selkes ic` arcbkepclumrke, chtrc etrms khstktulkehcs `kamims m` sclter. \ehehlc sugmstms quc kaum`bchtc scríh trmsbktkims vâm tc-

`cvksküh c krí pmrm teie c` pmâs m trmvës ic _mrmaumy YT.

Wcprcschtmtcs ic MW_, Cvcricb, Ktmu y _mrmaumy YT, iurmhtc ̀ m lehdcrchlkm ic prchsm.

@m hevcimi ic cstm m`kmhzm kbper-tmhtc chtrc `m MW_ y Cvcricblebprchic `m trmhsbksküh ic `msdcrkms ic mhkbm`cs per _mrmaumy

YT pmrm teie c` pmâs. @es == rcbmtcs mrcm`kzmrsc ch derbm mselkmim leh `m MW_sc trmhsbktkríh ch vkve y ch ikrclte, icsic


47/60

`m lkuimi ic Bmrkmhe Wequc Mèhse, le-bchtü Weacr F`ckh, acrchtc mibkhkstrm-tkve ic `m rbm lehskahmtmrkm ic amhmie.

Lehderbc m `ms icl`mrmlkehcs grkh-imims ch `m elmsküh, cstm m`kmhzm pcrbktcmvmhzmr jmlkm `m bctm ic petchlkmr c` sks-tcbm ic lcrtklmlküh y lebcrlkm`kzmlkühquc khtreiune ch c` pmâs `m cbprcsm jmlcqukhlc mýes. Cs per c` è quc ch c` bmrlekhstktulkehm`, y tchkchie ch luchtm ̀ m rciic preiultercs ic `m MW_, `m legcrturmhmlkehm` tc`cvkskvm y `m lrclkchtc icbmh-im ic ès bcrlmies khtcrhmlkehm`cs y peruhm bcnerâm ch `m lmichm ic vmèr ic `mlmrhc pmrmaumym, sc iclkikü scaukr lehcstm m`kmhzm.

Ic mjâ `m smtksdmllküh ic `m cbprc-sm per `m rchevmlküh, c` lebprebkse y c`

mpeye ic Mselkmlküh Wurm` ic` _mrmaumycs ic subm rc`cvmhlkm per scr `m khstktu-lküh bís kbpertmhtc ic `m preiullküh am-hmicrm hmlkehm`, mýmikü.

Mskbksbe sc rcleriü quc `m armh ik-dcrchlkm ic cstc skstcbm ic rcbmtcs lehè trmiklkehm`, c` rcbmtc dâskle, cs quc èsmhkbm`cs seh egscrvmies per pmhtm``m ytc`cvksküh, iehic he seh trms`mimies jms-tm c` ùamr ic `m dcrkm, è lum` kbp`klm uhrclertc sustmhlkm` ch ès lestes. Ymbgkëh,iurmhtc `m rucim ic prchsm, sc cxp`klüsegrc ès khklkes ic Cvcricb y segrc `ms

prkhlkpm`cs vchtmnms ic lebcrlkm`kzmr am-hmie per pmhtm``m.

Mbgms chtkimics guslmh leh c` sks-tcbm scrvkr m` l`kchtc, uhkderbkzmhie`m edcrtm y jmlkchie bís egnctkvm `mkhderbmlküh, lcrtkdklmhie c` preiulte,eteramhie m` preiulter pclumrke `msbcnercs jcrrmbkchtms lebcrlkm`cs y icmibkhkstrmlküh ic sus vchtms pmrm è-armr `m bmyer cdklkchlkm y rchtmgk`kimipeskg`c.

‐C` skstcbm ic lebcrlkm`kzmlküh perpmhtm``m tc`cvksmim quc khtreiune`m cbprcsm jmlc =3 mýes cs uhmarmh jcrrmbkchtm quc sc mimptm m`ms hclcskimics ic ès preiultercsamhmicres ic` _mrmaumy quc qukc-rch quc su amhmie sc trmhsderbcch lmrhc ic m`te vmèr‒.

Iurmhtc ̀ m lehdcrchlkm khiklmreh qucch c` 7?=3 sc rcakstrü uh lrclkbkchte ic`7?% ch `ms vchtms. _er c`è, lebe icsm-dâes pmrm c` 7?=4, ès egnctkves trmzmiesseh c` trmgmne lehnuhte leh `m MW_ y `msrcakehm`cs pmrm èarmr `m lmptmlküh icètcs ic guch veùbch y guchm lm`kimiic preiultercs ic teie c` tcrrkterke pm-rmaumye y msâ egtchcr uh lrclkbkchte ch`ms vchtms.

Ch tmhte ès ikrcltkves ic `m MW_ ics-tmlmreh `m kbpertmhlkm ic `m rchevmlküh ic`mlucrie pmrm `m lehtkhukimi y bmyer ducr-zm m ès egnctkves p`mhtcmies c` mýe pmsm-ie, icsic c` khklke ic trmgmne leh `m rbmCvcricb. ‐C` skstcbm ic lebcrlkm`kzmlküh

per pmhtm``m tc`cvksmim quc khtreiune `mcbprcsm jmlc =3 mýes cs uhm armh jcrrm-bkchtm quc sc mimptm m `ms hclcskimics ic

ès preiultercs amhmicres ic` _mrmaumyquc qukcrch quc su amhmie sc trmhsderbcch lmrhc ic m`te vmèr‒, khiklmreh rcprcsch-tmhtcs ic `m MW_ ch `m elmsküh.

Ic kaum` derbm, scým`mreh quc `m jc-rrmbkchtm dmlk`ktm y dertm`clc `m trmzmgk`k-imi, lukim `m smùi y c` cstmie ic` amhmie,prcschtm `m edcrtm ic lmgczms m uhm mbp`kmmuikchlkm ic lebprmiercs, lehcltmie mteie c` pmâs, jmlkchie quc `m edcrtm y `micbmhim leerikhch bcner.

LM@CHIMWKE. C` lm`chimrke icrkms per pmhtm``m ic cstm m`kmhzm prcvpmrm c` 7?=4 khlùyü c` khklkm` ic` ùhic dcgrcre. C` rcste ic ̀ ms sugmstms qucstmg`clkie pmrm `ms skaukchtcs dcljmic bmrze, 73 ic mgrk`, 7< ic bmyeic nuhke, == ic nu`ke, 77 ic maeste, =7sctkcbgrc, =1 ic eltugrc, 1 ic hevkcb

y `m þ`tkbm dcrkm ic` mýe 7?=4 c` 3 iclkcbgrc. \c bmhtkchc `m ikhíbklm iciâms ùhcs.

Leh rcspclte m `m prkbcrm ciklkühic` : ic dcgrcre, sc vchikcreh =


48/60_CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\ Dcgrcre 7?=49:

N E W H M I M Y Ë L H K L M

\CHML\M - M_JK\

Ym`̀ cr segrcchdcrbcimicstrmhsdrehtcrkzms

ic mhkbm`cs

Ic` 7= m` 71 ic dcgrcre c` pmâs m`-gcraü m cxpcrtes ic prkbcr hk-

vc` ch bmtcrkm ic chdcrbcimicstrmhsdrehtcrkzms ic ès mhkbm-

`cs (CYD), pmrm uhm lmpmlktmlküh skbk`mr m`ms bís rclehelkims m hkvc` khtcrhmlkehm`,leh predcskehm`cs leh iëlmims ch c` bmhc-

ne ic` tcbm. Ducreh eramhkzmiercs c` \crvklke Hmlkehm` ic Lm`kimi y \mùi Mhkbm`(\chmlsm) y c` \crvklke ic Khspcllküh \mhk-tmrkm ic Mhkbm`cs y _`mhtms (M_JK\, persus ska`ms ch kha`ës), ic` Icpmrtmbchte icMarklu`turm ic Cstmies Shkies (S\IM).

Ym`̀ cr segrcchdcrbcimicstrmhsdrehtcrkzms

ic mhkbm`cs

\CHML\M - M_JK\

@M\ CHDCWBCIMIC\ YWMH\DWEH-YCWK^M\ IC @E\ MHKBM@C\ \EHMDCLLKEHC\ ]SC _SCICH _WE-_MAMW\C IC BMHCWM WÍ_KIM \KHYCHCW CH LSCHYM @E\ @ÂBKYC\ACE_E@ÂYKLE\. IMIM \S KHLKICH-

LKM WC_CWLSYC \KAHKDKLMYKTM-BCHYC CH @E \ELKECLEHÜBKLE CKHL@S\E @M \M@SI _ÞG@KLM. Cs perc`è quc ̀ es scrvklkes vctcrkhmrkes ic _mrm-aumy y ic Cstmies Shkies iclkikcreh rcm-`kzmr uh tm``cr ic` bís m`te hkvc`, quc perprkbcrm vcz sc icsmrre``m ch hucstre pmâs.


49/60

\c tebmreh ies scics pmrm su rcm`kzmlküh,c` èlm` ic` \chmlsm pmrm `m pmrtc tcürklm y`m scic ic `m Mselkmlküh Wurm` ic` _mrm-aumy (MW_), ch Bmrkmhe Wequc Mèhse,pmrm `m mpcrturm, ljmr`ms bmakstrm`cs y `mspríltklms. Miklkehm`bchtc sc vksktü uh cs-

tmg`clkbkchte ch `m zehm ic Mrreyes y Cs-tcres pmrm c` trmgmne ic lmbpe, pcre ikrk-akim seè m pcrsehm` tëlhkle elkm`, khiklü_rkbe Wklmrie Dc`tcs, ikrclter achcrm` ic\mhkimi Mhkbm`, Kichtkimi y Yrmzmgk`kimi(Ikacskt) ic` \chmlsm.

‐Cstc lurse cs uhm rëp`klm ch pcquc-ým cslm`m ic` quc sc jmlc ch c` `mgermterkeic _ùb Ks`mhi (Cstmies Shkies), per èquc cs ic prkbcr hkvc` y sus rcspehsmg`csseh le`cams ic` S\IM quc micbís ic scr

M`drcie Bchm, ic Lehlcplküh, iurmhtc su khtcrvclküh. @esljmr`kstms tuvkcreh guchm khtcrmllküh leh c` pþg`kle.

cxpcrtes ch c` tcbm ic CYD, tkchch bu-lje gmamnc khtcrhmlkehm`. _er cse mprevc-ljmbes cstm prcschlkm pmrm icsmrre``mr `mslehdcrchlkms bmakstrm`cs‒, khiklü.

Wcleriü quc c` lurse khlùyü l`mscspríltklms leh sunclküh ic mhkbm`cs ic

ikstkhtms cspclkcs, cutmhmskm tëlhklm-bchtc lerrcltm y hclrepskm ic lmim uhmic csms cspclkcs ch arupes ic trmgmne,pmrm è lum` sc sc`cllkehmreh 3? tëlhk-les ic` sclter prkvmie y etrms 3? pcr-sehms ic` sclter pþg`kle. @es cxpcrteskhtcrhmlkehm`cs ch ikrkakr c` tm``cr duc-reh M`dehse Yerrcs y _ctcr Dcrhíhicz,mlebpmýmies per ès predcskehm`cs Gch

Qk``kmhs, Lehrmi Cstrmim y C`kzmgctjL`mrf, chtrc etres, lktü.

@es ikscrtmhtcs y c` beicrmier ch ̀ m bcsm hm` trms c` lklè ic ljmr`ms

@m mltkvkimi duc icsmrre``mim micleh pmrtklkpmlküh ic `m Bcsm Leeriierm ic Lebkskehcs ic \mùi Mhkic` _mrmaumy (Mlehmsm) y predcskeh

vctcrkhmrkes khvktmies y vkhlu`mies mpclkcs mvâle`m, perlkhm y evkhm. @es tcmgerimies khlùycreh khderbmlkehcsgrc `m kbpertmhlkm ic `ms chdcrbci

trmhsdrehtcrkzms y cbcrachtcs6 c` reès scrvklkes vctcrkhmrkes ch `m smùi bm`6 `m rcvksküh segrc `ms chdcrbcim

vcsklu`mrcs, `m sktumlküh ic chdcrbci vcsklu`mrcs ch _mrmaumy.

Micbís, sc icsmrre``mreh ljmr`msgrc bëteies ic gkescaurkimi, tm`cs legke-lehtchlküh6 prelcikbkchtes ic chim/sm`kim y cqukpe ic pretcllküh pchm`6 le`cllküh y chvâe ic bucstrms ihüstklms ch c` _mrmaumy. Ch c` lmpâic chdcrbcimics ch pcqucýes rubkmsc icgmtkü segrc pcstc ic ès pcquc

rubkmhtcs, vkruc`m ic evkhes y lmprkp`curehcubehâm lehtmakesm lmprkhm ydcrbcimics ic lmgm`ès, leh ëhdmsksiurkhm y bucrbe.

C` tcbmrke kaum`bchtc khlùyü lehtes cpkicbke`üakles gískles utk`kzmies ckhvcstkamlküh y lehtre` ic CYD cbcratcs6 use príltkle ic jcrrmbkchtms ic cpbkeèaâm pmrm `m khvcstkamlküh ch lmb`m preiullküh mvâle`m ch _mrmaumy, cxrkchlkm ic gretc ic Khuchzm Mvkmr ch


50/603? _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\ Dcgrcre 7?=4

Ljk`c y chdcrbcimics ic mvcs, chtrc c``msHcwlmst`c c khuchzm mvkmr.

Dkhm`bchtc sc edrclkcreh erkchtmlkehcssegrc skstcbms ic vkak`mhlkm pmrm `ms ch-dcrbcimics mvâle`ms6 rcvksküh ic` skstcbm

ic \chmlsm pmrm `m khvcstkamlküh ic lmsesch c` lmbpe y icbestrmlküh ic cutmhmskm

y hclrepskm ch mvcs y perlkhes. @m nerhmimic` vkcrhcs 74 sc icsmrre``ü ch c` cstmg`clk-bkchte \mh @uks, ic Mrreyes y Cstcres y scmprevcljü pmrm mgerimr mspcltes vkhlu`miesm ̀ m gkescaurkimi, leh rcvksküh ic lehlcptes

y c` skstcbm ic trmgmne ch lmse ic sespcljmic chdcrbcimi vcsklu`mr ch c` pmâs.

CH _MWMASM[. Dc`tcs rclehelkü qucch _mrmaumy, c` scrvklke vctcrkhmrke elkm`lebe ès ic etres pmâscs cstí cstrulturmieleh bmyer ëhdmsks ch è quc m cgrc mdte-sm sc rccrc. Wcleriü quc bís ic` 1?% ic`prcsupucste ic `m khstktulküh sc chdelm ch èquc cs cgrc mdtesm, pcre quc cxkstch etrmschdcrbcimics quc m bcikim quc `m edcrtmpmrmaumym ic preiultes ic erkach mhkbm`tcham bís pcse khtcrhmlkehm`bchtc rcquc-rkríh ic bmyer mtchlküh. ‐Ch `m bcikim chquc scmbes mltercs bís kbpertmhtcs ch c`lebcrlke buhikm`, tchircbes quc elupmr-hes leh bís ducrzm ic `ms etrms chdcrbcim-ics. Luíhte bís lrczlm `m pmrtklkpmlküh ic

lmrhcs pmrmaumyms ic lcries, mvcs y evkhes,bís rcspehsmgk`kimi icgcrcbes msubkrpmrm trmgmnmr ch teims `ms `âhcms. _er lktmr c`lmse ic evkhe, m bcikim quc amhcbes cspm-lke ch c` lebcrlke, tchircbes bís prkerk-imi y lumhie tcham smìes ic cxpertmlküh,

vmbes m tchcr quc elupmrhes tmbgkëh iclubp`kr bís leh ̀ ms cxkachlkms‒, mibktkü.

C` cvchte duc cvmùmie ic bmhcrm pesk-tkvm per ̀ es pmrtklkpmhtcs qukchcs skcbprc cs-

M `dehse Yerrcs duc uhe ic ̀ es ikscrtmh-tcs ch `m prkbcrm nerhmim. Wcleriüquc `ms CYD seh mdcllkehcs ch mhkbm`csquc pucich prepmamrsc buy rípkimbchtcskh tchcr ch luchtm `ms drehtcrms hmlkehm-`cs. Lmusmh m`tms tmsms ic bertm`kimi y ic


Ljmr`kstms y rcspehsmg`cs ic` tm``cr.

tuvkcreh ch guchm lmhtkimi. Ic kaum` derbm,c` prcskichtc ic` \chmlsm, Juae Kieymam,rcslmtü `m kbpertmhlkm ic icgmtkr cstc tcbmper ̀ e quc kbp`klm ch c` lebcrlke khtcrhmlke-hm` chdcrbcimics trmsbkskg`cs quc he lehe-lch ic `ms drehtcrms hmlkehm`cs y quc leh c`pmse ic` tkcbpe y imie c` bmyer khtcrlmbgkeic pcrsehms y mhkbm`cs, mubchtmreh `ms pe-skgk`kimics ic lehtmake, per ̀ e quc cs hclcsm-rke tebmr ès rclmuies y `ms prcvkskehcs.

‐Cstc lurse cs uhm rëp`klm ic etre ic bm-

yer chvcramiurm quc sc icsmrrè `m ch Cstm-ies Shkies. @es rcspehsmg`cs seh le`cams ic vmstm cxpcrkchlkm qukchcs tkchch ̀ m achtk`czmic lebpmrtkr sus cxpcrkchlkms ch cstms ch-dcrbcimics quc lebe su hebgrc è iklc, helehelch ic drehtcrms. @es `âbktcs acearí-les seh vu`hcrmg`cs y jmlcr ùljms ch derbmmks`mims he tchiríh rcsu`tmies per è quc scicgc trmgmnmr ic bmhcrm rcakehm` c khlùsekhtcrlehtkhchtm`, perquc micbís ic` mspcltesmhktmrke quc hes elupm, tmbgkëh cs ic khtc-rës per su kbpmlte ch c` lebcrlke‒, mýmikü.

Icstmlü quc _mrmaumy sc lehstktuyc

ch c` prkbcr pmâs ùcae ic Cstmies Shk-ies ch icsmrre``mr cstc tkpe ic mikcstrm-bkchte y m` tkcbpe ic marmiclcr, rcktcrü ̀ mkbpertmhlkm ic bmhtchcr c` lehtmlte y `mpcrbmhchtc trmhsdcrchlkm c khtcrlmbgkeic lehelkbkchte y cxpcrkchlkms, lehlùyü.

_mrtklkpmreh ic `m mpcrturm micbís icès scým`mies, c` vklcprcskichtc prkbcre ic

`m MW_, Dkic` ^mvm`m, y etres ikrcltkves icàrcbke, c` tktu`mr ic `m Mlehmsm, MhtehkeTmslehlc`ès6 _mgè Bmuacr, per `m Mse-lkmlküh ic Mvklu`tercs ic` _mrmaumy (Mvk-pmr)6 Bmrtm @euzcmu, ic `m Mselkmlküh _m-rmaumym ic Lrkmiercs ic Evkhes (M_LE)6

y ch rcprcschtmlküh ic` rcprcschtmhtc icLchtre _mhmbcrklmhe ic Dkcgrc Mdtesm(_mhmdtesm), Weirkae Amrlâm, chtrc etres.

JSAE KIE[MAM ,prcskichtc ic` \chmlsm.

_WKBE WKLMWIE DC@YC\,ikrclter achcrm` ic Ikacskt.

Wcveùlküh pclumrkm


51/60

M@DEH\E YEWWC\,uhe ic ès ikscrtmhtcs.

chdcrbcimi ch ès mhkbm`cs,è quc m su vcz tkchc armvcslehscluchlkms selkeclehübk-lms y, m vclcs, ic smùi pþgk-lm. ‐Lehstktuyc uhm mbchmzmlehstmhtc pmrm ès bcikes ic

vkim ic ès preiultercs pc-lumrkes y iehic c` lehtre` y

c` bmhcne, khlùkim `m cxlù-sküh, rcqukcrc `m leepcrmlkühic vmrkes pmâscs‒, lebchtü m`rcspmìmrsc ch bmtcrkm` gkg`ke-aríle khtcrhmlkehm`.

Kaum`bchtc rcleriü quccxkstc uh arupe ic pmteèaâmslehelkie lebe Chdcrbcimicskhdcllkesms cbcrachtcs. ‐\ehmquc``ms tetm`bchtc hucvms e

ym lehelkims pcre leh hucvmsbmhkdcstmlkehcs, icgkie m qucducreh khtreiulkims ch uhmhucvm írcm acearílm e lehhucves juëspcics e hucvmsbmhkdcstmlkehcs pmte`üaklmse cpkicbke`üaklms‒, khiklü.Mýmikü quc kaum`bchtc scpucic mp`klmr m` lmse ic màu-hm ym lehelkim pcre quc rc-cbcrac icspuës ic uh `mraepcrkeie ic tkcbpe.

Icstmlü quc `m Eramhk-zmlküh Buhikm` ic \mùiMhkbm` (EKC) lmtcaerkzü y

mltum`kzü ch su `kstm ic chdcr-bcimics ch mhkbm`cs m` 7?=3,uhms ==1 pmteèaâms ic âhie`ctrmhsdrehtcrkzms. Mdcltmhiem vmrkms cspclkcs uhms 73, mgevkhes (=9, skchie `m bís le-helkim ̀ m mdtesm), m evcnms y lm-grms (==), cqukhes (==), lcries(4), mvcs (= mubchte ic ̀ m peg`m-lküh jubmhm, urgmhkzmlküh yrciullküh ic `m pegrczm. Chcstc schtkie khiklü quc jmstmc` mýe pmsmie sc cstkbü quc`m peg`mlküh jubmhm buhikm`supcrü `ms 1.



vkcreh


53/60

ic` pcrnuklke clehübkle ic cstms pmteè-aâms ch etres pmâscs, lebe Wckhe Shkie,

Ymkwíh, Nmpüh, Lmhmií, Ktm `km, Bm`mskm,Je`mhim, ctl. leh lmses ic Dkcgrc Md-

tesm, CCG e G\C c khuchzm mvkmr lktmr màuhms chdcrbcimics.

C` lurse khlùyü l`mscs príltklms leh sunclküh ic mhkbm`cs ic ikstkhtms cspclkcs, cutmhmskm tëlhklmbchtc lerrcltm y hclrepskm




_CYCW DCWHÍHIC^, m`teduhlkehmrke ic` M_JK\/S\IM.

C` tcbm icsmrre``mie per _ctcr Dcrhíh-

icz, m`te duhlkehmrke ic` M_JK\/S\IM, duc segrc ès scrvklkes vctcrkhm-rkes y su pmpc` ch c` lebcrlke marepclum-rke khtcrhmlkehm` y smùi pþg`klm.

Khklkü su prcschtmlküh m` rclerimr quc`m jubmhkimi sc vkchc chdrchtmhie m sk-tumlkehcs ic lmbgke l`kbítkle y sus cdcl-tes ch vmrkes íbgktes. Leh rcspclte mìcsmrre`è ic` tcbm khiklü puhtes segrc `mclehebâm aègm`, lebe hmhzms khtcrhm-lkehm`cs, clehebâm buhikm` y aègm`kzm-lküh clehübklm.

Ch cstc þ`tkbe puhte rcleriü quc `mrclkchtc cxpmhsküh lebcrlkm` sc icgkü mdmltercs tm`cs lebe uhm bmyer khtcarm-lküh behctmrkm ic clehebâms icsmrre``m-ims leh etrms bches icsmrre``mims6 e uhmkhvcrsküh cxtrmhncrm ikrcltm quc mvkvü `mkhtcarmlküh clehübklm e `m rciullküh icgmrrcrms lebcrlkm`cs tëlhklms y he tëlhk-lms, msâ lebe `m bmyer khiustrkm`kzmlkühic pmâscs Ch Icsmrre`è.

\crvklkes vctcrkhmrkes ysu re` ch c` lebcrlke

Wcleriü quc c` lebcrlke khtcrhmlke-

hm` sc rcau`m ch vmrkes drchtcs tm`cs lebeè clehübkle, è selkm` y ch è mibkhks-trmtkve. [ cstm rcau`mlküh kaum`bchtcmgmrlm `ms herbms ch c` lebcrlke mare-pclumrke leh rca`ms prkvmims, hmlkehm`cs,suprmhmlkehm`cs y bu`tk`mtcrm`cs (aègm`cse khtcrhmlkehm`cs).

Msâ surakcreh cstrulturm`cs bu`tk`m-tcrm`cs lebe `m Eramhkzmlküh Buhikmìc` Lebcrlke (=;;3) y leh c``m mlucriesikvcrses, lebe `m mp`klmlküh ic bcikimssmhktmrkms y tesmhktmrkms y rcleriü quccstms he icgch scr utk`kzmims lebe gmrrc-rms m` lebcrlke, skhe quc rcqukcrc dmlk`ktmrc` khtcrlmbgke ch ̀ ms epcrmlkehcs khtcrhm-lkehm`cs, pcre èarmhie uh cquk`kgrke leh`m pretcllküh m `m smùi jubmhm, mhkbm` y

vcactm`. Ch cstc mlucrie khtcrmltþmh leh

Cstes scrvklkes vctcrkhmrkes luchtmhleh lumtre c`cbchtes cschlkm`cs> sus rc-lurses jubmhes, dâskles y hmhlkcres6 `mmuterkimi y lebpctchlkm tëlhklm6 `m khtc-rmllküh lehtkhum leh ̀ ms pmrtcs khtcrcsmims

y c` mllcse m bcrlmies. @m Jcrrmbkchtm_T\ lehtrkguyc leh `m guchm aegcrhmhzmic ès scrvklkes vctcrkhmrkes, khiklü.

Leh rc`mlküh m ̀ es mllcses m bcrlmies,puhtum`kzü quc cstm jcrrmbkchtm rcleac `m`caks`mlküh y `ms rca`mbchtmlkehcs pcrtk-hchtcs, skrvc pmrm `m mp`klmlküh y c` lub-p`kbkchte ic ̀ ms ikspesklkehcs, lehtrkguycleh uhm mrbehkzmlküh khtcrhmlkehm` ylcrtklmlküh khtcrhmlkehm`, myuim m mlucr-

ies ic cqukvm`chlkm y etres tkpes, debchtm`m trmhspmrchlkm, mltþm ch `m zehklmlküh y lebpmrtkbchtmlküh, chtrc etres.

Ch etre bebchte chlmrü `m lucstkühic` kbpmlte clehübkle ic `ms chdcrbc-imics trmsbktkims per m`kbchtes (CYM)

y chdcrbcimics khdcllkesms cbcrachtcs(CKC) y sus cdcltes ch `m edcrtm y ch `m ic-bmhim ic bcrlmies, cdcltes hmhlkcres

y cdcltes cxtcrhes. Ch c` prkbcr lmse scegscrvm uhm rciullküh ic preiullküh, uhkhlrcbchte ic lestes ic preiullküh, uhmlmâim ic` veùbch ic subkhkstre iebës-

tkle y ch uhm sugm ic prclkes.Ch lumhte m ès cdcltes ic `m icbmhim

ic` bcrlmie lktü rcstrkllkehcs lebcrlkm`cs,rciullküh ic cxpertmlkehcs, iksbkhulkühch prclkes iebëstkles. Ic ès hmhlkcres,chubcrü khlrcbchte ic lestes ic preiul-lküh, ic prearmbms ic lehtre`, ctl. y ch èscxtcrhes khlùyü `m khscaurkimi m`kbchtk-lkm, smùi pþg`klm y icarmimlküh mbgkchtm`.

Cs per c`è quc lmtmèaü quc ̀ m smùi mhk-bm` cs uh msuhte clehübkle aègm`. ‐@m sm-

Cxpcrtes ic` S\IM leh ̀ esrcspehsmg`cs ic ̀ m icbestrmlküh.

‐@m smùi mhkbm` nucam uh pmpc` l`m- vc ch `m clehebâm y c` sustchte icès pmâscs ic` buhie icsmrre`è y ch

vâms ic icsmrre`è‒.

_ctcr Dcrhíhicz

vmrkes eramhksbes khtcrhmlkehm`cs tm`cslebe ès rcspehsmg`cs ch smhkimi vcac-tm`, `m khelukimi ic m`kbchtes y `m smùimhkbm`. Ch cstc þ`tkbe lmse bcikmhtc `mEramhkzmlküh Buhikm` ic \mùi Mhkbm`(EKC), uhm chtkimi mhtkaum leh bís ic;? mýes, mhtcrker khlùse m etrms lebe `msHmlkehcs Shkims.

Icstmlü khlùse quc c` mltum` prcsk-ichtc ic` \crvklke Hmlkehm` ic Lm`kimi

y \mùi Mhkbm` (\chmlsm) ic _mrmaumy,Juae Kieymam cs uhe ic ̀ es bkcbgres ic`Lehscne ic `m EKC. Mýmikü quc `m EKCluchtm leh uhm jcrrmbkchtm pmrm `m cvm-ùmlküh ic ̀ ms prcstmlkehcs ic ̀ es scrvklkes

vctcrkhmrkes (Jcrrmbkchtm _T\), quc su-pehc uhm pucstm ch mp`klmlküh ic `ms her-bms ic `m EKC, khlùkims `ms ic lm`kimi

y cvmùmlküh ic ès scrvklkes vctcrkhmrkeslebe uhm bmhcrm ic dmlk`ktmr c` lebcrlkekhtcrhmlkehm` smhe y cquktmtkve.


55/60

ùi mhkbm` nucam uh pmpc` l`mvcch `m clehebâm y c` sustchte icès pmâscs ic` buhie icsmrre-

``mies y ch vâms ic icsmrre`è‒,rcleriü. Micbís, c` lebcrlke scgmsm ch ̀ m muschlkm ic ̀ ms CYM y`m trmhspmrchlkm cs cschlkm` pmrmc` lebcrlke scaure y mgkcrte.

Leh rcspcte m ès rctes yepertuhkimics lebchtü quc scrcqukcrc ic `m bcnerm ic ès scr-

vklkes vctcrkhmrkes ch c` buhie6ic` mpeye m `m cstmhimrkzmlkühic ès rca`mbchtes lebcrlkm`cshmlkehm`cs (segrc `m gmsc ic `mcqukvm`chlkm) leh ̀ ms ikrcltrklcs

khtcrhmlkehm`cs6 `m ciulmlküh yderbmlküh pmrm teies ès scl-tercs ic `m amhmicrâm6 msâ lebebcnermr `m vkak`mhlkm ch teiec` buhie, mvmhzmr ch `m cstmh-imrkzmlküh khtcrhmlkehm` ic `msbcteieèaâms ic ikmahüstkle,dertm`clcr ̀ m pe`âtklm ic rcspucs-tm m cbcrachlkms y `ms khdrmcs-trulturms y icsmrre``mr m`kmhzmscstrmtëaklms ch ès ‐tkcbpes ic

pmz‒. Ic teie cste, khstü m ep-tkbkzmr ̀ es rclurses vctcrkhmrkesikspehkg`cs, leh vctcrkhmrkes

prkvmies, c` sclter ic `m smùipþg`klm (smùi pþg`klm jubmhm y vctcrkhmrkm), ic dmuhm sk`vcstrc,marâle`m y lebcrlkm`, msâ lebe c`mpeye mlmiëbkle y, ic scr hclc-smrke, bk`ktmr.

M beie ic lebchtmrkeshm`cs rcleriü quc cstc jkstü-rkle gkchcstmr icpchic ic èsmhkbm`cs, jey bís dertm`clk-ie6 `ms peg`mlkehcs jubmhms

y mhkbm`cs scaukríh cxpmh-ikëhiesc c khtcrmltumhie6 ès

vkmncs khtcrhmlkehm`cs, c` le-bcrlke, `m urgmhkzmlküh y `maègm`kzmlküh clehübklm sc-aukríh mdcltmhie ès mlehtclk-bkchtes buhikm`cs ic smùi y`m icarmimlküh mbgkchtm` y c`lm`chtmbkchte aègm` scaukríhlehtrkguychie m `m prepmam-lküh ic chdcrbcimics ic èsmhkbm`cs, jubmhes y vcactm-`cs, lehlùyü.

_ríltklms ch arupes.



H E YM Y Ë L H K L M

_K\LKLS@YSWM

Erkchtmlkehcs segrcc` pmlþ lebe eplküh

@M _K\LKLS@YSW M \KASC \KCHIE SH WSGWE

C\YWMYËAKLE CH C@ _MÂ\ _MWM LSB_@KWLEH C@ IEG@ C _WE_Ü\KYE IC LEH\CASKW\CASWKIMI M@KBCHYMWKM [ ACHCWMW KH-AWC\E\ M HSBCWE\M\ DMBK@KM\. Cs per c`èquc sc khtchsklmh ès trmgmnes pmrm uhm bmyer

ikdusküh ch `ms hlms y ùamrcs ch iehic pucic

èarmr uh guch icsmrre`è. Chtrc ̀ ms preiullkehcsmprevcljmg`cs m hkvc` èlm` cstí c` pmlþ.

Ikrclterm ic Mluklu`turm\ustchtmg`c ic` _mrmaumy

Tklcbkhkstcrke ic Amhmicrâm

B\l. Irm.\usmhm Gmrþm

C` _mrmaumy cs uh pmâs ic Mbërklmic` \ur quc he luchtm leh sm`kimm` bmr, c` tcrrkterke ic` pmâs süèluchtm leh ies râes prkhlkpm`cs, c`

râe _mrmaumy y _mrmhí. Mltum`bchtc, sc cstítrmgmnmhie c kbpu`smhie icsic c` aegkcrhehmlkehm` c` rugre ic `m pkslklu`turm lebeuhm eplküh buy cdcltkvm chtrc `ms cstrmtc-akms leh c` egnctkve ic rciulkr `m pegrczm ybcnermr `m lm`kimi ic vkim ic `m peg`mlkühhmlkehm`. Yrms uh ikmahüstkle ic` sclter y ̀ m

hclcskimi ic `m icbmhim ic ès lehsubkie-rcs, sc cstí trmgmnmhie ch `m preiullküh icm`cvkhcs ic pmlþ y lmpmlktmlküh ch `m pre-iullküh ic cstm cspclkc pmrm mubchtmr `medcrtm ch c` bcrlmie y iksbkhukr `m prcskühic pcslm segrc ̀ es rclurses hmturm`cs.

_MLÞ. Cs uh pcz ebhâvere, hmtkveic` râe Mbmzehms, ch Mbërklm ic` \ur. Csuh tkpe ic pcz quc `c austm c` lehsube icdrutms y scbk``ms. \u skstcbm ikacstkve csbuy icsmrre``mie, he lebe ès pclcs lmr-hâveres. \u khtcstkhe cs 3 vclcs bís `mrae

quc c` cstübmae._er su erkach, `c austm c` lehsube ic

‐drutms drcslms‒, lehsubkr líslmrms y tmb-gkëh etres m`kbchtes lebe vcriurms, màms

y vcactm`cs. Ch ëpelm ic rcpreiullküh, c`mgiebch ic `m jcbgrm mubchtm uh peleperquc tkchc `m lestk``m bís arucsm, màeikdcrchtc m etrms cspclkcs, lebe c` lmse ic`m lmrpm, quc dílk`bchtc sc egscrvm.

C\_CLKC\. Lebe tm`, c` pmlþ he cs


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uhm se`m cspclkc. \khe quc scmskahm c` hebgrc m uh arupeic pclcs ic `m sugdmbk`km \c-rrmsm`bkhmc . Cs per c`è quccxkstch ikdcrchtcs cspclkcs icpmlþ. Màuhms lmrmltcrâstklmsseh lktmims m lehtkhumlküh>• Leèssebm bmlrepebub

(hebgrc lebþh> tmbgm-quk). Cs uhm cspclkc tre-pklm`, ic armhics mam``ms(`m lmgczm rcprcschtm uhmarmh pmrtc ic` lucrpe), charmhics cslm`ms, `m bmhiâ-gu`m supcrker cs skh ikchtcs6`m `âhcm `mtcrm` cs ic 1:-:9cslmbms, prcschtm uh rmhaeic tcbpcrmturm ic 73 ¾L m

=. C` pJ ic` maum (_J) cs

üptkbe sk vm ic 4 m ;, te-


58/603: _CLSMWKM & HCAELKE\ Dcgrcre 7?=4

rchlkms khikvkium`cs ch su tmbmýe e sulrclkbkchte. _er cstm rmzüh, sc mtmlmhuhes m etres. \kh cbgmrae, ch c` lmseic ès pclcs jmbgrkchtes, sc bucrichuhe m` etre. Khlùse, màuhes ic cstesbucrch m lmusm ic ̀ ms m`ctms quc sc le-bch. _er c`è, ch c` prelcse ic lrâm scrcqukcrc amrmhtkzmr uhm m`kbchtmlkühmiclumim y bmhtchcr c` gm`mhlc lehuh cspmlke bís mbp`ke pmrm lu`tkvmretrms cspclkcs (pe`klu`tkve ic pclcs).

;. C` pmlþ tkchch ikchtcs ducrtcs, `csaustm bericr `ms tugcrâms, lmg`cs ebm``ms, per cse su lu`tkve rcqukcrc icuhm mtchlküh cspclkm` (Cs ic `m sug dm-

bk`km ic `ms pkrmýms).=?. _mrm ̀ es bciklmbchtes cspclâles sehcxtrcbmimbchtc schskg`cs m ès eram-hedesdermies (tm`cs lebe> trkljerdeh,c` lum` lmusm bertmhimi tetm`). Ye`crmseè jmstm ?,7 ppb pcre tkchch bísrcskstchlkm y te`crmhlkm mp`klmhie m`su`dmte ic legrc, lère y derbe`.

==. \c lm`lu`m `m skcbgrm uh pmlþ per bc-tre lumirmie. M bmyer cspmlke ic cs-pcne ic maum, bmyer amhmhlkm ic pcse.

YËLHKLM\. _mrm su lu`tkve, kaum`-

bchtc sc rclebkchimh màuhms tëlhklms mtchcr ch luchtm.=. @uamr. @m m`kbchtmlküh icgc scr nm y

rcm`kzmrsc skcbprc ch c` bksbe ùamr, ym quc msâ c` pcz sc mlestubgrm m uhmrutkhm ic m`kbchtmlküh, micbís icpeicr egscrvmr sk ès pclcs sc m`kbch-tmh gkch e he.

7. Lm`kimi. @m lm`kimi ic` m`kbchte kh-lùyc `m senm, c` bmâz, u etre bmtcrkm`(lebe ès icspenes quc seh `ms trkpms

H E YM Y Ë L H K L M

ic amhmie) pcre `m lm`kimi ic` maumhclcsktm uh lehtre` miclumie.


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PECUARIA Y NEGOCIOS - AÑO 12 - NUMERO 139 - FEBRERO 2016 - PARAGUAY - PORTALGUARANI