Revista de Estudios Locales CUNAL

7/31/2019 Revista de Estudios Locales CUNAL

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Kx|ns dnegiasxncgkeas ha asxn ðmxgdn xaehaecgn n mn sqz|asgóe ha zqasxks |asa|ynhks mns fnmmndksae mn amgdgencgóe ha zmnpns ae mks Sa|ygcgks ha Nsgsxaecgn n dqegcgzgks ha mns Hgzqxncgkeas- k mn|aykcncgóe ha mks ekdl|ndgaexks z|kygsgkenmas- xndlgçe ln`k dkxgyncgkeas sgdgmn|as ha äehkmaackeódgcn% Ae xkhks mks cnsks am |asqmxnhk as sgadz|a am dgsdk mn da|dn ham ckex|km gexa|ek hamns Ck|zk|ncgkeas Mkcnmas- ~qa ae dqcfns kcnsgkeas zqaha asckeha| nqxçexgcks cnsks ha hasygn$cgóe ha zkha|%

Mn avcqsn ackeódgcn ek zqaha sa| nfk|n cn`óe ha snsx|a zn|n `qsxgigcn| xkhk xgzk ha dahghnsckex|n am adzmak zðlmgck- mndaexnlmadaexa dqcfks ske mks aàdzmks ~qa asxîe kcq||gaehk w ~qa

niacxne xnexk n mnlk|nmas ckdk n iqecgken|gks% Zk| sqzqasxk ek mk zqaha sa| zn|n n~qammns dahg$hns xaehaexas n dgek|n| am |gbk| ae am ckex|km ham bnsxk zðlmgck w am ha mabnmghnh ha mn ncxgyghnh hamns Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas- w nsä halae nsqdg|mk mks |aszkesnlmas mabgsmnxgyks- dîvgda cqnehk xkhns mnsykcas z|ahgcne n inyk| ha asxn xaehaecgn- w nsä zn|acae k|gaexn|sa mns ðmxgdns |aik|dns ae mk ~qaniacxne n mn iqecgóe zðlmgcn%

Mns iqxq|ns |aik|dns ek|dnxgyns- ~qa fne ha sa| gedahgnxns- halae ckecalg| nm iqecgken|gk- w dqwaszacgnmdaexa ae am îdlgxk mkcnm nm ha fnlgmgxncgóe asxnxnm- ek ckdk qen cn|bn ha mn k|bnegpncgóe-sgek ckdk qe amadaexk gdz|ascgehglma zn|n snmg| ha mn c|gsgs w hkxn| n mns Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas ha mnsfkw dîs ~qa eqecn eacasn|gns aigcgaecgn w aigcncgn? w asxns dahghns ae mk ~qa nxnþa n eqasx|nAscnmn halae ckesgha|n| geamqhglma mn haiaesn ham ck||acxk aà|cgcgk ha mns iqecgkeas |asa|ynhns-|aik|pnehk mks nszacxks ~qa mn ncxqnm ek|dnxgyn wn ckexgaea ae asxa saexghk%

Ahgxk|gnm


CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen 3



Ncxgyghnh CkmabgnmIK\K HA HALNXA SKL\A AM \ANM HAC\AXK MAW <:+<:>>-HA 3: HA HGCGADL\A- HA DAHGHNS Q\BAEXAS AE DNXA\GN Z\ASQZQASXN\GN- X\GLQXN\GN W IGENECGA\N ZN\N MN CK\\ACCGÓE HAM HÇIGCGX ZÐLMGCK

Mn nzmgcncgóe ham \anm Hac|axk$maw <:+<:>>- ha 3: ha

hgcgadl|a- ha dahghns q|baexas ae dnxa|gn z|asqzqas$

xn|gn- x|glqxn|gn w igenecga|n zn|n mn ck||accgóe ham hçigcgx

zðlmgck asxî zmnexanehk hqhns gdzk|xnexas zk| sq x|ns$

caehaecgn z|îcxgcn%

Snlahk|as ha ~qa sa x|nxn ha qe xadn ha sqdk gexa|çs w

nz|adgnexa- am Ckesa`k Baea|nm fn nlga|xk qe Ik|k ha

halnxa ae mn zmnxnik|dn rrr%cksgxnmeaxrk|o%as cke am ~qa~qa|adks ki|aca| mn zksglgmghnh ha ~qa ynwndks ckdzn|$

xgaehk geik|dncgóe- hqhns- sqba|aecgns- hkcqdaexncgóe-

axc%

Sg aex|ns ae am Ik|k ya|îs hgia|aexas zasxnþns ae mns ~qa

fadks k|bnegpnhk hgia|aexa hkcqdaexncgóe ha gexa|çs-

w ae am daeð sa zqaha nccaha| nm ik|k- n x|nyçs ham cqnm sa zqahae aeygn| sqba|aecgns- ckesqmxns-

w nhadîs sqlg| hkcqdaexncgóe ha gexa|çs zn|n ckdzn|xg|%

Cke xkhn mn geik|dncgóe ~qa ynwndks |acnlnehk- w cke mns ckesqmxns w |aszqasxns amnlk|n|adks

qen Cg|cqmn| Ckmabgnm%

Dqehk mkcnm





Ckkza|ncgóe gexa|encgkenm

nm hasn||kmmk

AM CNDGEK HA SNEXGNBK ZNSN ZK\ NEHA\MACFX

Zk| I|necasck Igmgzzg Hg|acxk| ha Z|kwacxks ha DQSKM

L|qsamns as ckesgha|nhn mn Cnzgxnm ha Aq|kzn- zk| mks daeks nsä mk |agxa|ne mns ynmmns zqlmgcgxn|gnsha mn cgqhnh- mns bqäns w mks zneimaxks xq|äsxgcks% L|qsamns as qen Lnlgmkegn ha ghgkdns- ~qa n xkhnsfk|ns sa ascqcfne ae sqs cnmmas w ca|yaca|äns% As xndlgçe mn saha ha mns gesxgxqcgkeas ha mn QegóeAq|kzan- ~qa hahgcn qen zn|xa ckesgha|nlma ha sq z|asqzqasxk n x|nhqccgkeas a gexa|z|axncgkeas-zn|n ~qa mks aq|kzaks eks aexaehndks w sqza|adks mns ln||a|ns mgebýäsxgcns ~qa i|nbdaexne eqas$x|k hasxgek ckdðe%

L|qsamns as qen cgqhnh gdzk|xnexa- am caex|k ha mn nxaecgóe ha xkhk am dqehk% Fn sghk ckesx|qghncke am sqhk| ha fkdl|as w dqà|as z|kcahaexas ha dqcfks znäsas- ~qa ae mns cnmmas w dgens haLçmbgcn fne c|anhk cke sq x|nln`k mns lnsas ham lgaeasxn| fkw zqasxk ae zamgb|k zk| mns c|gsgs igene$cga|n- ackeódgcn- ndlgaexnm- skcgnm w nex|kzkmóbgcn ~qa asxndks ygygaehk% Mn gedgb|ncgóe as qefacfk gesk|xanlma ha mn cnzgxnm ha Aq|kzn% As iîcgm haxacxn| mns cn|ncxa|äsxgcns w mns z|kcahaecgns hamks sqcasgyksªimq`ks dgb|nxk|gks ~qa fne mmabnhk n asxn pken ham yga`k ckexgeaexa% Ae dqcfks |asxnq$|nexas mks hqaþks- mks cndn|a|ks k mks ckcgea|ks ske gxnmgneks k b|gabks- ae b|ne zn|xa ha sabqehn


dqehk mkcnm

1




baea|ncgóe% Ae am ln||gk ha Dn|kmmas sa aecqaex|ne caex|ks ha aecqaex|k hkeha asznþkmas `qabnen mns cn|xns w dnexgaeae x|nhgcgkeas bnsx|keódgcns% Gxnmgnek as am k|gbae xndlgçe ham mäha| zkmäxgck~qa zkh|än ik|dn|ª bklga|ek ae Lçmbgcn- haszqçs ha cnsg qe nþk w dahgk ha hasaecqaex|ks aex|a

mns hgia|aexas ckdqeghnhas ~qa ckdzkeae asxa za~qaþk za|k hgya|sk znäs% Mns sabqehns baea$|ncgkeas ha gedgb|nexas wn ik|dne zn|xa ha xkhks mks asx|nxks skcgnmas ha Lçmbgcn w ha sqs amgxas-hnehk ik|dn n qen ckdzma`n ckesx|qccgóe cqmxq|nm w skcgnm% Fkw mks gedgb|nexas wn ek z|kcahae hamSq| ha Aq|kzn% As aszacgnmdaexa ae Neha|macfx- qe ln||gk nexnþk ckesgha|nhk kl|a|k- hkeha mn¯sqza|zksgcgóe¿ ha mks hgia|aexas imq`ks dgb|nxk|gks as dîs ygsglma% Mn cniaxa|än Gla|gn- ca|cn ha mnsZqa|xns ha Neha|macfx- nlga|xn zk| gedgb|nexas asznþkmas hçcnhns nx|îs- fkw as qe snmóe ha xçhkeha mns xn|has ha mks igeas ha sadnen sa |aðeae hacaens ha fkdl|as ek|xani|gcneks zn|n xkdn|xç n mn daexn% Mns cn|egca|äns Fnmnm ske eqda|ksns- nsä ckdk mks |asxnq|nexas mglneasas- nsgîxgcksw ni|gcneks% Am Ln||gk Aq|kzak asxî n zkcns zn|nhns ha dax|k ha Neha|macfx- ek klsxnexa zn|acaasxn| n nþks mqp% Ae am Ln||gk Aq|kzak aeckex|ndks am xa|cgkzamk ha mn lq|kc|ncgn aq|kzan- mksiqecgken|gks ndnlmas w zkmäbmkxns- mks zkmäxgcks zkck geimqwaexas halghk n mns mgdgxnhns ckdzaxae$cgns ham Zn|mndaexk Aq|kzak w mks xaceóc|nxns kdegzkxaexas% Am ln||gk aq|kzak as hkeha sa

ckecaex|ne mks mkllgas ha xkhk am dqehk0 adz|asns w |abgkeas- gesxgxqcgkeas w k|bnegpncgkeasxgaeae sq kigcgen- zn|n asxn| ca|cn ha mns gesxgxqcgkeas ckdqegxn|gns a geimqg| ae ammns n x|nyçs ha qenik|dn zn|xgcqmn| ha zn|xgcgzncgóe- cqwk ynmk| hadkc|îxgck w |az|asaexnxgyk as cqnexk daeks cqas$xgkenlma% Mn lq|kc|ncgn aq|kzan xkhk mk xgaea k|bnegpnhk- ae qe niîe ha k|hae w ln|egp ha x|nszn$|aecgn% Sg ~qga|as sa| qe gexa|mkcqxk| ha mns gesxgxqcgkeas ckdqegxn|gns avgsxa qe |abgsx|k hgszkeglmazk| Gexa|eax- zn|n ~qa xkhks sazne ~qgçe asxî ae mks ck||ahk|as ham zkha| aq|kzak% Cnhn k|bneg$pncgóe adgxa geik|das w kzgegkeas- asza|nehk ~qa sqs zksgcgkendgaexks dkhgig~qae- geimqwne k sagexab|ae ae mks hgmnxnhks z|kcasks ha hacgsgóe ha mn QA% Am ln||gk aq|kzak as am sädlkmk ha mnAq|kzn qeghn- ha mn avza|gaecgn ackeódgcn- zkmäxgcn w skcgnm ha ckfasgóe ~qa fn nsabq|nhk n eqas$x|k ckexgeaexa 9: nþks ha znp- haszqçs ha ~qa hks bqa||ns dqehgnmas i|nx|gcghns ae zkcks nþksn||nsn|ne am ckexgeaexa% Sge adln|bk- am ln||gk aq|kzak |az|asaexn fkw am Nyaexgek ha mn xacekc|n$cgn haseqhn nexa am yncäk zkmäxgck ~qa mmaen mns snmns ha mks ahgigcgks adlmadîxgcks ha mn Qegóe Aq|k$zan Ae asxks häns- dgadl|ks ham bklga|ek nmadîe nig|dne ~qa mn QA hala|än ndzmgn| mn hgscqsgóe

skl|a sq iqxq|k w ek mgdgxn|sa n lqscn| ió|dqmns zn|n ndzmgn| am ikehk snmyn$asxnhks k zn|n mn |acn$zgxnmgpncgóe ha mks lnecks% Mn cnehghnxn n mns z|gdn|gns ham zn|xghk skcgnmgsxn i|necçs- Dn|xgea Nql|wnzqasxn zk| mn gexab|ncgóe ckdqegxn|gn- w nig|dn ~qa ik|xnmaca|î am aà i|neck$nmadîe zn|n |amnepn|mn QA% Eks asza|n qe iqxq|k mmaek ha cqdl|as- hacmn|ncgkeas w mn|bks z|kcasks ha eabkcgncgóeaex|a bklga|eks% Qe iqxq|k ae ~qa mns hacgsgkeas cmnya zn|n eqasx|k ckexgeaexa sa|îe skdaxghns ngeimqaecgns w mkllgas z|gynhks- w skl|a xkhk sa|îe nma`nhns ha mn |anmghnh z|kb|asgyndaexa dîsckdðe ~qa cn|ncxa|gpn eqasx|k ckexgeaexa% Am z|kwacxk ha Aq|kzn qeghn nlnehken cnhn yap dîsmns ghans ygsgken|gns ~qa ae mks nþks cqn|aexn mmayn|ke qe b|qzk ha gexamacxqnmas aq|kzaks- yäcxgdnsha mn za|sacqcgóe enpg inscgsxn-ªn ig|dn| am Dnegigasxk ha Yaexkxaea- hkeha sa zmnsdnln am z|kwacxkha qen Aq|kzn iaha|nm ckdk nexähkxk ckex|n mn bqa||n w mks hasx|kpks ham encgkenmgsdk% Mn skla$|neän ham zqalmk-ªlnsa ha xkhns mns hadkc|ncgns aq|kzans- as qe ckecazxk nàek n mks dacnegs$dks ha mn Qegóe Aq|kzan- qen ckesx|qccgóe gesxgxqcgkenm ya|xgcnm- cqwn cðzqmn asxî n nþks mqp ha mn

lnsa Mn ckdzma`ghnh w am zkxaecgnm- mns zqmsgkeas- mks dnmasxn|as w mns za~qaþns b|nehas ygcxk|gnshgn|gns ha mn ckeygyaecgn ha eqasx|ns cnmmas w zmnpns dqmxgcqmxq|nmas- ckdk mns ha Neha|macfx- ekaex|ne ae mks hgscq|sks ackekdgcgsxns w xaceóc|nxns ha eqasx|n Qegóe% Mn gexab|ncgóe aq|kzan asmn ðegcn yän ha snmghn ha mn ckdzma`n sgxqncgóe ncxqnm% Sge adln|bk- mn gexab|ncgóe aq|kzan sómkxaeh|î çvgxk sg sa |aik|dqmn mn asx|qcxq|n gesxgxqcgkenm ae ~qa sa lnsn fkw mn Qegóe- nsabq|nehk qenx|nesdgsgóe |anm w hadkc|îxgcn ha mn ykmqexnh zkzqmn| ae mks ó|bneks ha hacgsgóe% Ae qe dkdaexkfgsxó|gck ae ~qa mn hadkc|ncgn |az|asaexnxgyn dqasx|n sqs halgmghnhas w as c|gxgcnhn zk| dkyg$dgaexks ha nmcneca bmklnm n inyk| ha qen dnwk| zn|xgcgzncgóe- ek zkhadks ckeik|dn|eks cke qenQegóe Aq|kzan ae mn cqnm mn xkdn ha hacgsgkeas asxî ae dneks ha gesxgxqcgkeas ae b|ne zn|xa egsg~qga|n |az|asaexnxgyn w ckeik|dnhn ae lnsa n a~qgmgl|gks gexa|$bqla|endaexnmas Ckeig|dnehk ~qaqe hasxgek ckdðe qea n Aq|kzn hasha dqcfks nþks nexas ~qa adzapn|n mn ckesx|qccgóe ha mn


dqehk mkcnm

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Aq|kzn qeghn- mns ckecfns ha Snexgnbk ae mns nca|ns ha L|qsamns gehgcne ~qa am Cndgek znsn zk| Neha|macfx% Z|klnlmadaexa- xndlgçe am cndgek ha Aq|kzn znsn zk| Neha|macfx- zk| aexaeha| w|aima`n| mn skcgahnh ckdzma`n w zq`nexa ~qa nfk|n dgsdk sa z|axaeha bkla|en| hasha haszncfks

ha xa|cgkzamk%

Ekxgcgns baea|nmasEQAYK DGEGSX\K HA NHDGEGSX\NCGKEAS ZÐLMGCNS

C|gsxólnm Dkexk|k \kda|kEncgó ae @nçe am <6 ha `qmgk ha >71:% Cnsnhk% Hks fg`ns% As hkcxk| ae Cgae$

cgns Ackeódgcns w Adz|asn|gnmas zk| mn Qegya|sghnh Nqxóekdn ha Dnh|gh%

Cnxah|îxgck ha Ackekdän Nzmgcnhn &Fncgaehn Zðlmgcn w Ha|acfk X|glqxn|gk'

ha mn Qegya|sghnh ha Cnexnl|gn%

Avza|gaecgn z|kiasgkenm0

• Hgzqxnhk zk| Saygmmn ae am Ckeb|ask ae mn V Mabgsmnxq|n%

• Ckk|hgenhk| ha Ackekdän w Adzmak ham Zn|xghk Zkzqmn| hasha `qegk ha <::6%

• Hgzqxnhk zk| Dnh|gh ae am Ckeb|ask ae mn GV Mabgsmnxq|n w Zk|xnykp ha Ackekdän ham B|qzk

Zn|mndaexn|gk Zkzqmn| ae am Ckeb|ask ha mks Hgzqxnhks%

• Aq|khgzqxnhk hasha `qegk ha <::8 fnsxn dn|pk ham <::6%

• Dgadl|k ham Ckdgxç Aàcqxgyk Encgkenm ham Zn|xghk Zkzqmn| hasha >777%

• Dgegsx|k ha Fncgaehn &<:::$<::8'%

• Sac|axn|gk ha Asxnhk ha Ackekdän &>779$<:::'%

• Hgzqxnhk zk| @nçe ae mns YGG w YGGG Mabgsmnxq|ns%

• Hgzqxnhk zk| Dnh|gh ae mns Y w YG Mabgsmnxq|ns%

• Hg|acxk| ha Asxqhgks ham Gesxgxqxk ha Asxqhgks Ackeódgcks &>76>$>773'%

• Sqlhg|acxk| ha Asxqhgks ham Lneck Nxmîexgck &>721$>76>'

Kx|ks ekdl|ndgaexks ae am Dgegsxa|gk ha Fncgaehn w Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas Zðlmgcns

• CKESA@K HA DGEGSX\KS HAM <: HA AEA\K HA <:><% \ACKBA AM LKA HAM <8 HA AEA\K%

Hg|acxk|n Baea|nm ha mn Iqecgóe Zðlmgcn0 Hkþn Cn|dae Sîecfap$Ck|xçs Dn|xäe%

• CKESA@K HA DGEGSX\KS HAM >3 HA AEA\K HA <:><% \ACKBA AM LKA HAM >8 HA

AEA\K0

Gexa|yaexk| Baea|nm ha mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe ham Asxnhk0 H% @ksç Cn|mks Nmcnmha Fa|eîehap%

Hg|acxk| Baea|nm ha Z|asqzqasxks0 H% @ngda Gbmasgns ^qgexnen%

Hg|acxk| Baea|nm ha X|glqxks0 H% Hgabk Dn|xäe$Nl|gm w Cnmyk%

Z|asghaexa ham X|glqenm Ackeódgck$Nhdgegsx|nxgyk Caex|nm0 H% Adgmgk Zq`nmxa Dçehap$Magxa%


dqehk mkcnm

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Hg|acxk| Baea|nm ha Ckk|hgencgóe ha Ckdzaxaecgns cke mns Ckdqeghnhas Nqxóekdns w mns

Aexghnhas Mkcnmas0 H% @ngda Zn||kehk Nwda|gcf%

Hg|acxk| Baea|nm ha Ckk|hgencgóe ha mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Za|giç|gcn ham Asxnhk0 H% @qne Gbencgk

\kda|k Sîecfap%

Hamabnhk Aszacgnm ham Asxnhk ae mn Pken I|necn ha Ln|camken0 H% @k|hg Ck|eax g Sa||n%

Z|asghaexa ha mn Skcgahnh Asxnxnm ha Zn|xgcgzncgkeas Gehqsx|gnmas0 H% \ndóe Nbqg||a \kh|äbqap%

• CKESA@K HA DGEGSX\KS HAM 1 HA AEA\K HA <:><% \ACKBA AM LKA HAM 9 HA AEA\K0

Sac|axn|gk Baea|nm Xçcegck ham Dgegsxa|gk ha Fncgaehn w Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas Zðlmgcns0 H% Hnygh

Dammnhk \ndä|ap%

Geszacxk|n Baea|nm ae am Dgegsxa|gk ha Fncgaehn w Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas Zðlmgcns0 H Nebamgen X|gbk

Zk|xamn%

• CKESA@K HA DGEGSX\KS HAM 3: HA HGCGADL\A HA <:>>% \ACKBA AM LKA HAM 3> HAHGCGADL\A0

Sac|axn|gk ha Asxnhk ha Fncgaehn0 H% Dgbqam Ia||a Enyn||axa%

Sac|axn|gn ha Asxnhk ha Z|asqzqasxks w Bnsxks0 H Dn|xn Ia|eîehap Cq||îs%

Sac|axn|gk Baea|nm ha Ckk|hgencgóe Nqxkeódgcn w Mkcnm0 H% Ae|g~qa Kssk|gk C|aszk%

Hg|acxk|n Baea|nm ha mn Nbaecgn Asxnxnm ha Nhdgegsx|ncgóe X|glqxn|gn0 H Lanx|gp Bmk|gn Ygnen

Dgbqam%

• CKESA@K HA DGEGSX\KS HAM <3 HA HGCGADL\A HA <:>>% \ACKBA AM LKA HAM <8 HA

HGCGADL\A0

Sac|axn|gk ha Asxnhk ha Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas Zðlmgcns0 H% Nexkegk Ba|dîe Laxaxn Ln||ahn%

Sqlsac|axn|gn ha Fncgaehn w Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas Zðlmgcns0 H Zgmn| Zmnxa|k Snep%

Hg|acxk| ham Bnlgeaxa ham Dgegsx|k0 H% Iamgza Dn|xäeap \gck%

EK FNL\Î KIA\XN HA ADZMAK ZÐLMGCK AE <:><

Mns |ax|glqcgkeas ha mks adzmanhks zðlmgcks ek sa gec|adaexn|îe w ek fnl|îKia|xn ha Adzmak Zðlmgck ae <:><- snmyk zn|n mks sa|ygcgks lîsgcks

Am sac|axn|gk ha Asxnhk ha Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas Zðlmgcns- Nexkegk Laxaxn- z|asghgó mn |aqegóe ha mn Dasn

Baea|nm ha Eabkcgncgóe ha mns Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas Zðlmgcns- zn|n geik|dn| skl|a mns |ax|glqcgkeas ha

mks adzmanhks zðlmgcks w mn Kia|xn ha Adzmak Zðlmgck zn|n <:><- ~qa igbq|n|ne ae am \anm Hac|axkMaw ha Dahghns Q|baexas ae dnxa|gn Ackeódgcn w Z|asqzqasxn|gn- ~qa gecmqwa mn z|ó||kbn ha mks

Z|asqzqasxks Baea|nmas ham Asxnhk%

Am sac|axn|gk ha Asxnhk ha Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas Zðlmgcns- x|ns avzkea| mn q|baecgn ha mn ckeykcnxk|gn

w mns cnqsns ~qa `qsxgigcne sq nhkzcgóe- geik|dó ha mns sgbqgaexas dahghns0

• Mns |ax|glqcgkeas ha mks adzmanhks zðlmgcks ae <:>< ek xaeh|îe egebðe gec|adaexk%

• Ek fnl|î Kia|xn ha Adzmak Zðlmgck ae <:><- zn|n mks adzmanhks ham sacxk| zðlmgck% Ek

klsxnexa sa z|khqcg|î qen Kia|xn ham >:! ha mn xnsn ha |azksgcgóe ha aiacxgyks ae mks sacxk|as

ckesgha|nhks lîsgcks%


dqehk mkcnm

6




SQDN\GK%$ G% GEX\KHQCCGÓE% GG%$ MNS NCXGYGHNHAS Z\ASXNCGKENMAS0 <%>%$ Mnenxq|nmapn ha mn ncxgyghnh z|asxncgkenm% <%<%$ Mks gesx|qdaexks ha gexa|yaecgóe%<%3%$ Mks z|gecgzgks ha eacasghnh w z|kzk|cgkenmghnh% <%8%$ Mks sa|ygcgks ha gexa$|çs baea|nm% GGG%$ MN DKHGIGCNCGÓE HA MNS IK\DNS HA BASXGÓE0 3%>%$ Mnsik|dns ha basxgóe w sq dkhgigcncgóe% 3%<%$ Mks |a~qgsgxks ik|dnmas% 3%3%$ Mks c|gxa$

|gks zn|n mn xkdn ha hacgsgkeas% GY%$ MN GDZMGCNCGÓE HA MKS QSQN\GKS AE MN BASXGÓE HAM SA\YGCGK0 8%>%$ Qe z|klmadn lîsgck ha basxgóe% 8%<%$ Mn ck||as$zkesnlgmghnh igenecga|n gehgyghqnm ham qsqn|gk ham sa|ygcgk% 8%3%$ Mn gdzmgcncgóe haqsqn|gks w cgqhnhneks ae am hgsaþk ham sa|ygcgk zðlmgck mkcnm%

G% GEX\KHQCCGÓE

Ae mks cnsg x|agexn nþks ~qa yne hasha mn |acqza|ncgóe ha mn hadkc|ncgn fnsxn am <::2- mns Aexghn$

has Mkcnmas fne ckex|glqghk ha ik|dn hacgsgyn n mn ckeigbq|ncgóe ham asxnhk ham lgaeasxn| ae

Asznþn- cke mn gdzmnexncgóe ha sa|ygcgks n mn cgqhnhneän ae cnexghnh w ha ekxnlma cnmghnh% Cke qen

zn|xgcgzncgóe ae am bnsxk zðlmgck xkxnm ham >3!- fne x|nesik|dnhk zqalmks w cgqhnhas- da`k|nehk

ha ik|dn iîcgmdaexa za|cazxglma nszacxks gdzk|xnexas ha mn cnmghnh ha yghn cgqhnhnen% Fne hadks$

x|nhk ae xç|dgeks ckdzn|nxgyks qen b|ne aigcgaecgn% N ammk fn ckex|glqghk am incxk| z|kvgdghnh- ~qakxk|bn n mks Bklga|eks mkcnmas mn yaexn`n ha qen dnwk| cnzncghnh ha |az|asaexn| gexa|asas w

|aszkeha| n mns avzacxnxgyns cgqhnhnens cke zkmäxgcns nhacqnhns%

Za|k am çvgxk |amnxgyk ham dqegcgznmgsdk asznþkm w sq dnwk| aigcgaecgn ae ckdzn|ncgóe cke kx|ks

egyamas ha bklga|ek ek zqaha kcqmxn| nmbqens halgmghnhas gdzk|xnexas% Mns cn|aecgns ham sgsxadn

ckdzaxaecgnm w mn inmxn ha igenecgncgóe nhacqnhn sa fne cqlga|xk cke geb|asks z|kcahaexas ha

ckeyaegks w kza|ncgkeas q|lneäsxgcns- ae am ckexavxk ha qe hasn||kmmk ackeódgck dqw hazaehgaexa

ham ¯mnh|gmmk¿% Xndlgçe fne xaeghk dqcfk zask mns x|nesia|aecgns igenmgsxns zn|n mn ckesx|qccgóe ha

gei|nasx|qcxq|ns w sa|ygcgks% Cke ammns sa fne gdzmnexnhk ae dqegcgzgks za~qaþks w dahgneks sa|yg$

cgks ha cn|îcxa| cqmxq|nm- hazk|xgyk w nsgsxaecgnm ha gdzksglma sksxaeglgmghnh- halghk n mn inmxn ha

Eqayks aeik~qas ae mn

basxgóe ha mks sa|ygcgkszðlmgcks mkcnmas

Ynmaexäe Da|gek Asx|nhnSac|axn|gk Baea|nm ham Nwqexndgaexk ha Ynmmnhkmgh


CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen >:



ackekdän ha ascnmn% Mns Aexghnhas Mkcnmas fne adzmanhk da`k| mks |acq|sks w ae xç|dgeks baea$

|nmas ske dîs aigcgaexas% Za|k fne hasn||kmmnhk qen ncxgyghnh z|asxncgkenm sge z|aygsgkeas ha sksxa$

eglgmghnh ackeódgcn- ~qa hala sa| skdaxghn n |aygsgóe w |ackesgha|ncgóe sg sa ~qga|a snmyn| ae mk

asaecgnm mn ckex|glqcgóe mkcnm nm asxnhk ham lgaeasxn|%

Ncxqnmdaexa- mn cgqhnhneän- hq|ndaexa bkmzanhn zk| am zn|k w kx|ks aiacxks ha mn c|gsgs- gec|adaexn

sq hadnehn ha haxa|dgenhns z|asxncgkeas ~qa halae snxgsinca| eacasghnhas ckmacxgyns baea|nmas

k ha b|qzk ckdznxglmas% W asxa nqdaexk ha mn hadnehn sa hg|gba n qens Aexghnhas Mkcnmas geda|$

sns ae qe z|kiqehk n`qsxa z|asqzqasxn|gk- zk| mn cnähn baea|nmgpnhn ha mks geb|asks- sge zksglgmghn$

has ha nqdaexn| mn z|asgóe igscnm- eg ha ncqhg| nm aehaqhndgaexk%

Mks bklga|eks mkcnmas asxîe |amnxgyndaexa lgae zksgcgkenhks zn|n fnca| i|aexa n mn c|gsgs% W zqahae

snmg| ik|xnmacghks n dahgk zmnpk- sgadz|a ~qa |ak|gaexae n xgadzk sqs asx|nxabgns w z|gk|ghnhas zkmä$

xgcns% Xgaeae n sq inyk| mns yaexnens nexas daecgkenhns- ~qa ha|gyne ha mn z|kvgdghnh w xndlgçe

mns ~qa mas kxk|bn sq dnwk| imavglgmghnh w nhnzxncgóe n mks cndlgks ae mn kia|xn w mn hadnehn%

Halghk nm ¯xndnþk ham ascaen|gk¿- mks cndlgks ae mns z|gk|ghnhas w ae mn nccgóe zkmäxgcn ki|aca|îe

|asqmxnhks ha ik|dn dîs |îzghn w za|cazxglma% Asxa zksgcgkendgaexk ha lnsa ek sa|yg|î ha enhn sg

ek sa nhkzxne dahghns ~qa ni|kexae mn c|gsgs ha ik|dn geekynhk|n%

Ae am îdlgxk ha mks sa|ygcgks k ncxgyghnhas z|asxncgkenmas as ~qgpîs hkeha |asqmxn dîs eacasn|gknbqhgpn| am gebaegk zn|n geekyn| ha ik|dn aigcgaexa- fncgaehk mns cksns ha dqw hgsxgexn dnea|n% As

dqw eacasn|gk- za|k nhadîs avgsxa qe ndzmgk dn|bae zn|n fnca|mk- zk| mns sgbqgaexas |npkeas0

$ Zkhadks gex|khqcg| cndlgks w bnen| aigcgaecgn- sgdzmadaexa z|kiqehgpnehk ae amckecazxk dgsdk ha sa|ygcgk zðlmgck w mns zksglgmghnhas ~qa eks ki|aca%

Mn ncxgyghnh nhdgegsx|nxgyn ha sa|ygcgk xgaea ckdk igenmghnh am nlnsxacgdgaexk ha z|khqcxks k

sa|ygcgks zn|n snxgsinca| eacasghnhas ckmacxgyns ha gexa|çs baea|nm% Mk gdzk|xnexa as zqas mkb|n|

k bn|nexgpn| mn snxgsinccgóe ha mn eacasghnh- sge ~qa zk| ammk san klmgbnxk|gk eg xndzkck gdz|as$

cgehglma ~qa mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe dqegcgznm sa ckeyga|xn ae z|khqcxk|- eg sg~qga|n ae basxk|% Avgsxa

qe ndzmgk cndzk ha |aimavgóe nca|cn ham gesx|qdaexk ha gexa|yaecgóe dîs nhacqnhk w z|kzk|$


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

”Ae dqcfns aexghnhas mkcnmas- mn |amncgóe kia|xn$hadnehn sa fn ckesx|qghk skl|amn lnsa ham gexa|cndlgk ha gdzqasxks zk| sa|ygcgks b|nxqgxks w qegya|snmas-dnvgdgpnhks n ck|xk zmnpk- sge |azn|n| mk sqigcgaexa ae mns zksglgmghnhas hasksxaeglgmghnh ackeódgcn n iqxq|k% Asxns ió|dqmns xgaeae ~qa sa| |aygsnhns ha|näp% Eg xkhns mns z|asxncgkeas |aszkehae nm gexa|çs baea|nm- eg xgaeae zk|~qç sa|qegya|snmas w- hasha mqabk- as z|acgsk cqasxgken|sa zk|~qç xgaeae ~qa sa|b|nxqgxns k sadg$b|nxqgxns zn|n xkhks mks cgqhnhneks%Ae nmbqeks sa|ygcgks- mn ¯b|nxqghnh¿ as eacasn|gn% As z|acgsk cksxan|mks ckegdzqasxks% Za|k ae kx|ks- mn b|nxqghnh eg as eacasn|gn eg ckeyaegaexa% As z|acgskae asxks cnsks zmnexan|sa mn ck||aszkesnlgmghnh igenecga|n gehgyghqnm ha mks

qsqn|gks% Ek xnexk zk| |npkeas ha igenecgncgóe ckdk ha da`k|n ha mn basxgóe%Qek ha mks cndlgks iqehndaexnmas ae am îdlgxk ha mks sa|ygcgks hala ckesgsxg|ae gexaesgigcn| mn gdzmgcncgóe ha mks qsqn|gks ae mn basxgóe ha mks sa|ygcgkszðlmgcks mkcnmas- xnexk ae nszacxks ha hgsaþk w ckex|km ckdk igenecga|ks%

—

>>

CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen >>



cgkenhk zn|n am mkb|k ha mks klàxgyks% Nmbqeks sa|ygcgks |asqmxn|îe z|ascgehglmas- nzmgcnhk am

z|gecgzgk ha eacasghnh% Ek dqcfks- za|k nmbqeks sä- w avgsxae gexa|asnexas z|acahaexas% Sge

hqhn sa|î dîs ndzmgk am îdlgxk ha mks sqzqasxks ae ~qa mn eacasghnh sa zqahn cql|g| sge

gdzmnexn| qe sa|ygcgk zðlmgck mkcnm asx|gcxk saesq% Ncqhgaehk n kx|n ik|dn ha gexa|yaecgóe dîsnhacqnhn%

Gecmqsk cqnehk mmabqadks n mn ckecmqsgóe ha mn geaygxnlgmghnh ham sa|ygcgk zðlmgck mkcnm- xaeadks

am dn|bae ha hacgsgóe ~qa eks ki|acae mns ik|dns ha basxgóe% Mns ik|dns ha basxgóe ckesxgxq$

wae qen sa|ga ha dkhnmghnhas iqecgkenmas- k|bnegpnxgyns w igenecga|ns ~qa eks ki|aca am k|ha$

endgaexk `q|ähgck zn|n nmcnepn| qe dgsdk klàxgyk% Ae qen sgxqncgóe ckec|axn- qens sa|îe dîs

aigcgaexas ~qa kx|ns% Lqscn| mn ~qa eks ki|apcn qen da`k| |amncgóe cksxa$cnmghnh- ae laeaigcgk

ha mks cgqhnhneks- sa fn ckeya|xghk ae qe klàxgyk asaecgnm w z|gk|gxn|gk%

$ Kx|ks cndlgks xgaeae dqcfk ~qa ya| cke mn ik|dn ae códk sa fne facfk mns cksns ae¯xgadzks ha lkenepn¿%

Ae dqcfns aexghnhas mkcnmas- mn |amncgóe kia|xn$hadnehn sa fn ckesx|qghk skl|a mn lnsa ham

gexa|cndlgk ha gdzqasxks zk| sa|ygcgks b|nxqgxks w qegya|snmas- dnvgdgpnhks n ck|xk zmnpk- sge|azn|n| mk sqigcgaexa ae mns zksglgmghnhas ha sksxaeglgmghnh ackeódgcn n iqxq|k% Asxns ió|dqmns

xgaeae ~qa sa| |aygsnhns ha |näp% Eg xkhns mns z|asxncgkeas |aszkehae nm gexa|çs baea|nm- eg xgaeae

zk|~qç sa| qegya|snmas w- hasha mqabk- as z|acgsk cqasxgken|sa zk|~qç xgaeae ~qa sa| b|nxqgxns

k sadg$b|nxqgxns zn|n xkhks mks cgqhnhneks%

Ae nmbqeks sa|ygcgks- mn ¯b|nxqghnh¿ as eacasn|gn% As z|acgsk cksxan|mks cke gdzqasxks% Za|k ae

kx|ks- mn b|nxqghnh eg as eacasn|gn eg ckeyaegaexa% As z|acgsk ae asxks cnsks zmnexan|sa mn

ck||aszkesnlgmghnh igenecga|n gehgyghqnm ha mks qsqn|gks% Ek xnexk zk| |npkeas ha igenecgncgóe

ckdk ha da`k|n ha mn basxgóe%

Qek ha mks cndlgks iqehndaexnmas ae am îdlgxk ha mks sa|ygcgks hala ckesgsxg| ae gexaesgigcn| mn

gdzmgcncgóe ha mks qsqn|gks ae mn basxgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks mkcnmas- xnexk ae nszacxks ha

hgsaþk w ckex|km ckdk igenecga|ks% Mn zn|xgcgzncgóe ha qsqn|gks w cgqhnhneks ae mn ckeigbq|n$

cgóe ha mns ncxgyghnhas z|asxncgkenmas w mn ckesgbqgaexa nsqecgóe ha |aszkesnlgmghnhas ae sq

lqae iqecgkendgaexk ske iqehndaexnmas zn|n mn sksxaeglgmghnh ha mks sa|ygcgks%

Mn geekyncgóe ae mn basxgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks mkcnmas ckesxgxqwa qen ha mns zkmäxgcns

gdzk|xnexas zn|n sqza|n| mn c|gsgs w sqs aiacxks% Xgaea ~qa nlk|hn|sa ae am ckexavxk baea|nm ha

mn zmnegigcncgóe gedahgnxn ha mn sksxaeglgmghnh ackeódgcn mkcnm%

GG% MNS NCXGYGHNHAS Z\ASXNCGKENMAS0 EACASGHNH W Z\KZK\CGKENMGHNH

<%>% Mn enxq|nmapn ha mn ncxgyghnh z|asxncgkenmMn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn as qen k|bnegpncgóe- as hacg| ¯n|xgcqmncgóe ha cnzncghnhas w |acq|sks

zn|n am mkb|k ha qe ige¿% Ckdk xnm k|bnegpncgóe- xgaea z|gecgzgks- amadaexks asx|qcxq|nmas w |abmns ha

iqecgkendgaexk ~qa ske ckdqeas nm cke`qexk ha k|bnegpncgkeas skcgnmas%

Za|k xndlgçe as cga|xk ~qa sa x|nxn ha qen k|bnegpncgóe aszacäigcn- cke cn|ncxa|äsxgcns hgsxgexgyns

cmn|ndaexa ncaexqnhns% Ckdk k|bnegpncgóe aszacäigcn- mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn sa sgebqmn|gpn ae

nxaecgóe n mn iqecgóe caex|nm ~qa hasadzaþn ae mn skcgahnh bmklnm%

Mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn nzn|aca nsä ckdk qe ckdzma`k k|bîegck ~qaln`k mn hg|accgóe ham zkha|

zkmäxgck- hasn||kmmn qen iqecgóe caex|nm ha ckk|hgencgóe w hg|accgóe ae mn skcgahnh bmklnm%

Zn|n hasn||kmmn| asxn iqecgóe caex|nm ha ckk|hgencgóe w hg|accgóe skcgnm- mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn

hasadzaþn dðmxgzmas xn|ans- ha enxq|nmapn yn|gnhn w ckexgebaexa% Sg aex|a mn ekcgóe nlsx|ncxn w


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

><

CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen ><



baea|nm ha iqecgóe caex|nm zk| qe mnhk- w mn dqmxgzmgcghnh ha xn|ans ckec|axns zk| kx|k- eks sgxqndks

ae am k|hae ha mns xak|äns ha dahgk nmcneca- nenmgpn|adks mks b|nehas lmk~qas iqecgkenmas ha

xn|ans ~qa hasadzaþn mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn0

• Mn |abmndaexncgóe ha mns |amncgkeas aex|a mn skcgahnh w sq aexk|ek%

• Mn |abmndaexncgóe ha mns |amncgkeas aex|a mks dgadl|ks ham sgsxadn%

• Am nsabq|ndgaexk ha mn cnzncghnh ha nccgóe ham sgsxadn zkmäxgck$nhdgegsx|nxgyk- bn|nexgpnehk am

nlnsxacgdgaexk ha |acq|sks%

• Mn z|asxncgóe ha nlnsxacgdgaexks w sa|ygcgks &snxgsinccgóe ha eacasghnhas ckmacxgyns'%

• Mn ckehqccgóe ham hasn||kmmk skcgnm fncgn haxa|dgenhks klàxgyks%

Mks x|as z|gda|ks îdlgxks k lmk~qas ha xn|ans sa ckesgha|ne ckesqsxnecgnmas n mn avgsxaecgn dgsdn

ham sgsxadn zkmäxgck$nhdgegsx|nxgyk% Sg ckesgha|ndks nm Asxnhk encgkenm- gexab|ne mns haekdgenhns

¯iqecgkeas ha skla|neän¿- ygecqmnhns n sq z|kzgn ckeigbq|ncgóe ckdk xnm% Zk| am ckex|n|gk- am cqn|xklmk~qa ha xn|ans- ncxqnmdaexa z|ahkdgenexa- sq|ba dqw xn|händaexa% Mns xn|ans z|asxncgkenmas- ha

ckexaeghk zksgxgyk- ackeódgck k xçcegck- ek sa ckesgha|ne ae sä dgsdns ygecqmnhns n mn ghan ham

Asxnhk% Am sgsxadn zkmäxgck$nhdgegsx|nxgyk mns nsqda b|nhqnmdaexa- ae am cq|sk ha sq hasn||kmmk-

fnsxn ckeya|xg|sa ae dnsgyns- kdegz|asaexas% Fnsxn am zqexk ha ghaexgigcn|sa cke mn z|kzgn nccgóe

nhdgegsx|nxgyn%

N mk mn|bk ham ðmxgdk dahgk sgbmk- fadks x|nesgxnhk hasha qen Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn iqehndaexnm$

daexa |ak|haenecgsxn n kx|n z|gk|gxn|gndaexa hahgcnhn n mn z|asxncgóe dnsgyn ha sa|ygcgks n mks

cgqhnhneks% Ae ckesacqaecgn- mn |amncgóe Nhdgegsx|ncgóe$Cgqhnhnek xndlgçe fn sqi|ghk ekxnlmas

cndlgks% Am cgqhnhnek qsqn|gk k |acazxk| ha sa|ygcgks znsn n za|cglg|sa n sä dgsdk ckdk ¯cmgaexa¿

w avgba ~qa mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe ncxða ae ckesacqaecgn%

Mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn hala snxgsinca| cke aigcncgn w |nzghap mns hadnehns w avzacxnxgyns hamks cgqhnhneks- |askmya| sqs ¯z|klmadns¿ w fnca|mk cke qeks cksxas |npkenlmas- zqas am ¯cmgaexa¿

as ckescgaexa ha ~qa znbn% Am cn|îcxa| gesx|qdaexnm- sa|ygcgnm- ha mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe as nsqdghk zk|

mn skcgahnh dîs k daeks avzmäcgxndaexa% Mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn as qe aexa gesx|qdaexnm- cke

cmn|n k|gaexncgóe igenmgsxn% Ek xgaea saexghk ae sä dgsdn w sómk sa mabgxgdn ae mn dahghn ae ~qa

|asqamya nhacqnhndaexa sq iqecgóe ha sa|ygcgk n mn skcgahnh%

Hasha asxa zqexk ha ygsxn- mn iqecgóe caex|nm sa ghaexgigcn cke am xç|dgek sa|ygcgk0

¯Mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn sg|ya cke klàxgyghnh mks gexa|asas baea|nmas w ncxðn ha ncqa|hk cke

mks z|gecgzgks ha aigcncgn- à|n|~qän- hascaex|nmgpncgóe- hasckecaex|ncgóe w ckk|hgencgóe- cke

skdaxgdgaexk zmaek n mn maw w nm ha|acfk¿ &n|xäcqmk >:3 ha mn Ckesxgxqcgóe Asznþkmn'%

Avgsxa mn xaehaecgn ha aexaeha| ckdk sa|ygcgk xkhk cqnexk fnca mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe% Sge adln|bk- mn

`qsxgcgn- mn hgzmkdncgn- mn zkmgcän- am igsck- nqe~qa sg|yae nm cgqhnhnek- n mn skcgahnh- ek ske sa|yg$

cgks zðlmgcks% Ae asns xn|ans- mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn aà|cgxn iqecgkeas |amaynexas- ha îdlgxks

hgsxgexks zk| sq enxq|nmapn nm z|asxncgkenm%

Am x|îesgxk ha qen Nhdgegsx|ncgóe |abmndaexgsxn¿ n kx|n iqehndaexnmdaexa z|asxncgkenm¿ fn zqasxk

ha dnegigasxk am cn|îcxa| z|kiqehndaexa ¯sa|ygcgnm¿ ~qa fn ha xaea| am sgsxadn zkmäxgck$nhdgegsx|n$

xgyk% Za|k nm dgsdk xgadzk eks fn hazn|nhk ckeiqsgkeas gdzk|xnexas nca|cn ha mn enxq|nmapn ha

mns iqecgkeas%

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iqecgkeas asaecgnmas ~qa ek fne hasnzn|acghk eg sa fne ygsxk |ahqcghns%


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

>3

CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen >3



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iqecgóe caex|nm- hasenxq|nmgpnehk am saexghk ha mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn- ~qa eqecn fn ha`nhk eg

ha`n|î ha sa| zkha|%

Mn ygsgóe ha mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe Zðlmgcn ckdk qen sgdzma dn~qgen|gn ha sa|ygcgks niacxn ha dnea|n

dîs gexaesn n mks Bklga|eks Mkcnmas% N yacas zqaha hn| mn gdz|asgóe ha ~qa çsxks sómk zn|xgcgzne

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mks n hgszksgcgóe ham zðlmgck% As qen ncxgyghnh ae zksgxgyk- ha cn|îcxa| ackeódgck k xçcegck- ~qa

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cgóe ha asn eacasghnh zqaha ~qgpî mkb|n|sa cke kx|k xgzk ha gesx|qdaexk ha gexa|yaecgóe% W sg sazqaha- sa hala- nzmgcnehk am z|gecgzgk ha z|kzk|cgkenmghnh%

<%<% Mks gesx|qdaexks ha gexa|yaecgóeAe cnhn qek ha mks b|nehas lmk~qas ha xn|ans- zkhadks hgsxgebqg| hks cnxabk|äns ha mn ncxgyghnh0

$ Mn ig`ncgóe ha klàxgyks- mn zmnegigcncgóe w mn amnlk|ncgóe ha ek|dns- ~qa ske ncxgyghnhas ¯hg|ac$

xgyns¿%

$ Am hasn||kmmk ha zmneas- mn aàcqcgóe w mn gdzksgcgóe aiacxgyn ha ek|dns- ~qa ske ncxgyghnhas

¯aàcqxgyns¿%

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ygecqmncgóe n mn skla|neän zkzqmn|% Mn sabqehn- nm nzn|nxk nhdgegsx|nxgyk- zk| n~qçm hg|gbghk%

¯Am Bklga|ek hg|gba%%% Mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe cgygm w dgmgxn|%%% Aà|ca mn iqecgóe aàcqxgyn w mn zkxasxnh

|abmndaexn|gn%%%¿ &n|xäcqmk 72 ha mn Ckesxgxqcgóe Asznþkmn'%

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ae sq cnsk mns x|nesb|asgkeas%

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ckmnlk|ncgkeas

>8




Mn ghaexgigcncgóe ha mns xn|ans nhdgegsx|nxgyns cke am sa|ygcgk ae hax|gdaexk ha mns baeqgens iqecgk$

eas |abqmnhk|ns k |abmndaexgsxns fn xaeghk ckdk ckesacqaecgn- aex|a kx|ns- am nlnehkek w zksxa|$

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`qsxgigcnhn zk| qen |npóe ha gexa|çs baea|nm¿%

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xgyk ~qa sa za|sgbqa- x|ns ckesxnxn| ~qa ek avgsxae kx|ns dahghns daeks |asx|gcxgyns w daeks hgsxk|$

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Mks z|gecgzgks ha eacasghnh w z|kzk|cgkenmghnh fne ygsxk |anmpnhk sq ynmk| `q|ähgck ae amk|haendgaexk asznþkm n |näp ha |acgaexas |aik|dns mabgsmnxgyns nexa|gk|as n mn Maw ha Ackekdän

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`q|gsz|qhaecgn ckdqegxn|gn0 mn dahghn fn ha sa| eacasn|gn- nhacqnhn w ha xkhns mns zksglmas- mn

daeks |asx|gcxgyn ~qa sg|yn zn|n ckesabqg| am klàxgyk z|axaehghk%

Dqcfk nexas- am z|gecgzgk ha z|kzk|cgkenmghnh- qe cmîsgck ha eqasx|k ha|acfk nhdgegsx|nxgyk-

asxnln wn ckexadzmnhk ae am \abmndaexk ha Sa|ygcgks ha mns Ck|zk|ncgkeas Mkcnmas ha>7110 ¯Am ckexaeghk ha mks ncxks ha gexa|yaecgóe sa|î ckeb|qaexa cke mks dkxgyks w igeas ~qa

mks `qsxgig~qae% Sg iqa|ne yn|gks mks nhdgsglmas- sa amabg|î am daeks |asx|gcxgyk ha mn mgla|xnh

gehgyghqnm¿ &n|xäcqmk 9'%

Nzmgcnehk asxks z|gecgzgks n mns ncxgyghnhas z|asxncgkenmas- haladks cqasxgken|eks0

n' Mn ckeyaegaecgn w kzk|xqeghnh ha gexa|yaeg|- sg am sa|ygcgk ek as ha klmgbnhn z|asxncgóe%

l' Am gesx|qdaexk ha gexa|yaecgóe ~qa hala qxgmgpn|sa- ckeik|da nm z|gecgzgk ha z|kzk|cgkenmghnh%

c' Ae cnsk ha Sa|ygcgk Zðlmgck Mkcnm- mn ik|dn ha basxgóe ~qa |azk|xa dîs aigcgaecgn wackekdän- ae mn snxgsinccgóe ha mn eacasghnh%

Aiacxgyndaexa- ckeik|da nm z|gecgzgk ha eacasghnh- mn gexa|yaecgóe ae cnhn sqzqasxk hala asxn| `qsxgigcnhn zk| qen |npóe ha gexa|çs baea|nm%

Am n|xäcqmk 69 ha mn M\L\M hgszkea ~qa ¯Mns Aexghnhas Mkcnmas- dahgnexa avzahgaexa nc|ahgxnxgyk

ha mn ckeyaegaecgn w kzk|xqeghnh ha mn dahghn- zkh|îe aà|ca| mn gegcgnxgyn zðlmgcn zn|n am aà|cgcgk


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

>1




ha ncxgyghnhas ackeódgcns…%¿% N asxa avzahgaexa nc|ahgxnxgyk ha mn eacasghnh ha gexa|yaecgóesa |aiga|a am n|xäcqmk 72 ham Xavxk \aiqehghk ham \çbgdae Mkcnm- ~qa hgszkea ¯mn |ahnccgóe ha qen

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Qen yap ckesxnxnhn mn eacasghnh- hala hacghg|sa cke am dgsdk z|kcahgdgaexk w bn|nexäns klà$

xgyns- nca|cn ha mks gesx|qdaexks ha gexa|yaecgóe%

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Sg am klàxgyk sa zqaha mkb|n| dahgnexa0

$ x|nesia|aecgns igenecga|ns n ~qgaeas xaebne ha|acfks w+k eacasghnhas-

$ asxädqmks zksgxgyks w+k eabnxgyks ha äehkma ackeódgcn zn|n z|kdkya| mn ncxgyghnh z|gynhn ha

gexa|çs-

Ek hala zmnexan|sa qen ncxgyghnh ha sa|ygcgk%

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Zn|n nxaeha| mn eacasghnh skcgnm ckesxnxnhn- sómk hala gdzmnexn|sa k dnexaea|sa qe Sa|yg$cgk Zðlmgck Dqegcgznm cqnehk mns kx|ns zksglgmghnhas sane gdzksglmas k |asqmxae dnegigasxn$daexa gesqigcgaexas- mk ~qa hala|î ckesxn| ha ik|dn klàxgyn z|aygk neîmgsgs ae lnsa n gehg$cnhk|as- cgi|ns w hnxks asxnhäsxgcks%

Sg ek avgsxa dîs skmqcgóe ~qa qe Sa|ygcgk Zðlmgck Mkcnm- hala|adks amabg| mn ik|dn ha basxgóecke c|gxa|gks ha ackekdän- aigcgaecgn w cnmghnh% Ckdk |abmn baea|nm- sgadz|a hala|î amabg|sa qenik|dn ha basxgóe gehg|acxn k ckex|ncxqnm- ~qa gdzmg~qa ckmnlk|ncgóe zðlmgck$z|gynhn% Sg ek|asqmxn zksglma- amabg|ändks mn ik|dn ha basxgóe hg|acxn dîs nhacqnhn n mn enxq|nmapn ham sa|yg$cgk- ~qa ki|apcn daeks xaehaecgn nm gec|adaexnmgsdk- dîs aigcgaecgn w cnmghnh%

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zk| zn|xgcqmn|as- ek|dnmdaexa adz|asns k gesxgxqcgkeas z|gynhns- za|k snxgsinca eacasghnhas ckmac$

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xgyk0 nqxk|gpncgkeas- mgcaecgns- axc%


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

>9




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xgyn ada|baexa%

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GGG% MN DKHGIGCNCGÓE HA MNS IK\DNS HA BASXGÓE

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cksxas dkha|nhks%

Ae am z|kcask ha |ackesgha|ncgóe ha mns asx|qcxq|ns k|bnegpnxgyns zn|n nhacqn|mns n mks

z|gecgzgks ha aigcgaecgn¿- qek ha mks îdlgxks ha dnwk| gexa|çs as am ha mn dkhgigcncgóe ha mnik|dn ha basxgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks%

Mn dkhgigcncgóe ha mn ik|dn ha basxgóe ha qe sa|ygcgk zðlmgck mkcnm as qen hacgsgóe k|bnegpnxgyn ha

nmcneca dahgk- sgxqnhn aex|a mks ckexaeghks ham Asxnxqxk k \abmndaexk K|bîegck w mks sgdzmas

Hac|axks ha K|bnegpncgóe- ~qa zqahae nzmgcn|sa aex|a kx|ks dqcfks sqzqasxks nm îdlgxk ha mn

hg|accgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks- nx|glqghn nm Nmcnmha%

Mn amaccgóe ha qen haxa|dgenhn ik|dn ha basxgóe w mn k|bnegpncgóe ham ck||acxk dkhk basxk| as qen hacgsgóe ~qa sa aecqnh|n ae am aà|cgcgk ha mn zkxasxnh ha nqxkk|bnegpncgóe- w zk| ammk

bkpn ha qe ndzmgk dn|bae ha nz|acgncgóe mgl|a%

Dîs nmmî ha mns ckec|axns mgdgxncgkeas mabnmas n mns ~qa eks |aia|g|adks- mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe ¯sg|ya ckeklàxgyghnh mks gexa|asas baea|nmas¿- w zn|n ammk hala nzmgcn| ae sqs hacgsgkeas mks z|gecgzgks ham n|xäcqmk

>:3 ha mn Ckesxgxqcgóe w n|xäcqmk 3%< ha mn Maw ha \çbgdae @q|ähgck% Mn `q|gsz|qhaecgn- nm xgadzk ~qa

dnegigasxn ~qa mn amaccgóe |aszkeha n c|gxa|gks ¯avx|n`q|ähgcks¿ &SXS ha >$YG$62' w ¯ha kzk|xqeghnh wlqaen nhdgegsx|ncgóe¿ &SXS ha <>$GG$27'- avgba |agxa|nhndaexa mn nzmgcncgóe ha hgcfks z|gecgzgks w mnhadksx|ncgóe avz|asn ha ~qa sa amgba qen ik|dn ~qa ckeyaebn nm gexa|çs baea|nm% Xnm hadksx|n$

cgóe avz|asn sa dnxa|gnmgpn|î ae mn Dadk|gn ham avzahgaexa- ae lnsa n neîmgsgs z|kszacxgyks- cke hnxks

klàxgyks ~qa za|dgxne nhkzxn| mn hacgsgóe dîs z|óvgdn nm ózxgdk hasanlma ae xç|dgeks ha dîvgdklaeaigcgk zn|n am cgqhnhnek% Wn am n|xäcqmk 17 ham \abmndaexk ha Sa|ygcgks ha mns Ck|zk|ncgkeasMkcnmas gehgcn ~qa ¯mns yaexn`ns zn|n mks qsqn|gks¿ halae zkea|sa ha dnegigasxk |aima`nehkfacfks ckec|axks- avz|asnhks- n sa| zksglma- cke cgi|ns w asxnhäsxgcns%


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

>2




Mn hacgsgóe nzn|aca zqas mgdgxnhn zk| mn eacasghnh ha dkxgyncgóe ~qa nc|ahgxa am gexa|çs baea|nm w zk|

mks |a~qgsgxks ik|dnmas$z|kcahgdgaexnmas% Za|k nhadîs avgsxae nmbqens mgdgxncgkeas mabnmas avz|asns%

Mn dîs cmn|n w baea|nm as mn asxnlmacghn ae am n|xäcqmk 61%3 ha mn M\L\M0 ¯ae egebðe cnsk zkh|îe

z|asxn|sa zk| basxgóe gehg|acxn eg dahgnexa skcgahnh da|cnexgm mks sa|ygcgks ~qa gdzmg~qae aà|cgcgk

ha nqxk|ghnh¿% Ek niacxn n Sa|ygcgks Zðlmgcks Mkcnmas ae cqnexk ncxgyghnhas z|asxncgkenmas- sgek n

kx|ns iqecgkeas |amaynexas- ckdk nexas yaändks%

Aexaehadks ha|kbnhns mns mgdgxncgkeas aszacäigcns asxnlmacghns ae am \abmndaexk ha Sa|ygcgks ha

mns Ck|zk|ncgkeas Mkcnmas- zk| sa| ckex|n|gns n mn zkxasxnh ha nqxkk|bnegpncgóe ckesnb|nhn ae mn

Maw% Avgsxae kx|ns mgdgxncgkeas ckec|axns- gdzqasxns zn|n haxa|dgenhks xgzks ha sa|ygcgks zk| mn

mabgsmncgóe sacxk|gnm &xamackdqegcncgkeas- xamaygsgóe mkcnm- axc%'%

Mn hkcx|gen sksxgaea ~qa mns ncxgyghnhas ackeódgcns sómk zqahae basxgken|sa cke ik|dns kdkhks adz|asn|gnmas% Sómk sa zkea ha dnegigasxk ckdk mgdgxncgóe nlskmqxn ae nmbqeks sqzqas$

xks- ckexadzmnhks ae ek|dnxgyn nqxkeódgcn% Mn mabgsmncgóe cnxnmnen mgdgxn mn basxgóe ha ncxgyghnhas

ackeódgcns n ¯k|bnegsdks nqxóekdks ha cn|îcxa| gehqsx|gnm- ckda|cgnm k igenecga|k- nsä ckdk n

skcgahnhas da|cnexgmas ha cnzgxnm zðlmgck k dgvxk¿- w am \abmndaexk ha Ncxgyghnhas- Sa|ygcgks wKl|ns ha N|nbóe sómk nhdgxa mn basxgóe zk| dahgk ha skcgahnh da|cnexgm%

Ek zkhadks kmyghn| ~qa- ae xkhk cnsk- avgsxa qen ck||amncgóe móbgcn aex|a am xgzk ha ncxgyghnhw mns ik|dns k|bnegpnxgyns ~qa sa nhacqne zn|n hasn||kmmn|mn% Sa x|nxn ham ckekcghk z|gecgzgkha ¯nhacqncgóe aex|a mn ik|dn `q|ähgcn w am ige ha mn ncxgyghnh aeckdaehnhn¿- z|gecgzgk ~qaiqecgken ckdk amadaexk ha |ncgkenmgpncgóe ha mn zkxasxnh ha nqxkk|bnegpncgóe% \acgaexa$

daexa- fn sghk zksgxgygpnhk ae am n|xäcqmk <2%>> ha mn Maw ha Nqxkekdän Mkcnm ha Nehnmqcän% Ae

baea|nm- asxa z|gecgzgk ek ckesxgxqwa qen mgdgxncgóe nlskmqxn- sgek |amnxgyn% As qe z|gecgzgk k|gaexn$hk| ha mn hacgsgóe- ae xç|dgeks ha |ncgkenmghnh aigcgaexa- ~qa ae cnsk ha ayghaexa w ekxk|gnyqmea|ncgóe- zqaha xaea| ckesacqaecgns `q|ähgcns% Ae xkhk cnsk- xgaea zn|n ekskx|ks ae amdkdaexk ncxqnm qe b|ne ynmk|%

3%<% Mks |a~qgsgxks ik|dnmasAe cqnexk n mks |a~qgsgxks ik|dnmas- am k|haendgaexk `q|ähgck ek asxnlmaca qe z|kcahgdgaexkaszacäigck zn|n aecnqpn| mn hacgsgóe ~qa gdzmgcn mn amaccgóe ha mn ik|dn ckec|axn ha basxgóe%Sg sa x|nxn ha qe sa|ygcgk ~qa ckdzk|xn am aà|cgcgk ha gegcgnxgyn ackeódgcn- fnl|adks ha sabqg| am

haxnmmnhk z|kcahgdgaexk z|aygsxk ae am n|xäcqmk 72 ham X\\M- sge kmyghn| ~qa mn `q|gsz|qhaecgn ygaea

n asxnlmaca| ~qa mn amaccgóe ha qen ik|dn ha skcgahnh da|cnexgm z|asqzkea ~qa avgsxa aà|cgcgk ha

ncxgyghnh ackeódgcn- nqe cqnehk dnxa|gnmdaexa ek san nsä% Ae kx|k cnsk- sa avgba ðegcndaexa

ncqa|hk ham Nwqexndgaexk Zmaek- z|acahghk ha qen Dadk|gn ae mn ~qa sa nc|ahgxa ~qa mn ik|dn

amabghn as mn ~qa dîs ckeygaea nm gexa|çs baea|nm%

Mn nqsaecgn ha z|kcahgdgaexk aszacäigck ek sgbegigcn zqas ~qa ek haln sabqg|sa qe cnqca ik|dnmae am ~qa hasxncne hks amadaexks asaecgnmas0 am ó|bnek ckdzaxaexa- ~qa as am Zmaek Dqeg$

cgznm- w mn Dadk|gn- ~qa |ackba mn dkxgyncgóe ha mn hacgsgóe%Zk| kx|n zn|xa- sg sa x|nxn ha qen dkhgigcncgóe- haladks xaea| ae cqaexn mn |abmn ham ckex|n|gqs

ncxqs- as hacg|- mn dkhgigcncgóe hala|î sabqg| am dgsdk x|îdgxa z|kcahgdgaexnm ~qa sa sgbqgó zn|n mn

ckesxgxqcgóe ham sa|ygcgk% Am ncqa|hk ha dkhgigcncgóe hala sa| avzmäcgxk w ckexaea| xkhns mns haxa|$

dgencgkeas z|acgsns zn|n ~qa mn dkhgigcncgóe z|axaehghn z|khqpcn aiacxks%

Qen mgdgxncgóe |amnxgyn gdzk|xnexa as mn eacasghnh ha |aszaxn| mks ha|acfks ha xa|ca|ks-aszacgnmdaexa mns k|bnegpncgkeas basxk|ns gehazaehgaexas- n mns ~qa ae sq cnsk sa hala|îgehadegpn|% Ckdk ae baea|nm eks dkya|adks ha basxgóe hg|acxn n gehg|acxn- as hgiäcgm ~qa asxk sa

z|khqpcn% Mns hgigcqmxnhas z|îcxgcns sa|îe kza|nxgyns- ham xgzk ha mns nenmgpnhns ae am sqzqasxk ha

sqz|asgóe ha qe sa|ygcgk- sgadz|a ha daek| nmcneca%


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

>6




3%3% Mks c|gxa|gks zn|n mn xkdn ha hacgsgkeas¯Am zkha| ha k|bnegpncgóe ham sa|ygcgk zðlmgck ck||aszkeha nm Nwqexndgaexk%%%- sabðe c|gxa|gks ha

kzk|xqeghnh w lqaen nhdgegsx|ncgóe¿ &SXS ha <>$GG$27'% »^qç c|gxa|gks dîs kza|nxgyks zqahaeckec|axn| çsa ha lqaen nhdgegsx|ncgóe¿; Mks c|gxa|gks ha mn lqaen nhdgegsx|ncgóe¿ ske aenmbqen dahghn ckexgebaexas% Ncxqnmdaexa- fnlmn| ha ¯lqaen nhdgegsx|ncgóe¿ as fnlmn| eaca$sn|gndaexa ha ackekdän- aigcgaecgn w cnmghnh%

Mn ¯lqaen nhdgegsx|ncgóe¿ sa nskcgn ae mn mabgsmncgóe- nqe~qa ha ik|dn ek dqw z|acgsn- nmks c|gxa|gks ha aigcncgn w aigcgaecgn- ~qa sa fne gdzqasxks sqcasgyndaexa ae mn basxgóe zðlmgcn%

Am z|gecgzgk ha aigcgaecgn nzn|aca cke cn|îcxa| baea|nm ae am n|xäcqmk 3%< ha mn Maw 3:+7<- ha <9 ha

ekygadl|a &am n|xäcqmk >:3 ha mn Ckesxgxqcgóe sómk |ackba am ha aigcncgn'% Mn q|gsz|qhaecgn sa fn |aia$

|ghk n mn aigcgaecgn ckdk c|gxa|gk zn|n mn k|haencgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks- skl|a xkhk ha cn|îcxa|

ackeódgck% Ae mn ek|dnxgyn mkcnm fn ckl|nhk c|acgaexa gdzk|xnecgn ha ik|dn dîs k daeks avz|asn%

Nsä- ae am n|xäcqmk >33 i' ha mn M\L\M skl|a ¯mn nsgbencgóe ha |acq|sks cke n||abmk n c|gxa|gks haaigcgaecgn%%%- ae iqecgóe ha mn aigcncgn w cqdzmgdgaexk ha klàxgyks¿%

X|nln`n| cke cnmghnh sgbegigcn snxgsinca| mns eacasghnhas w avzacxnxgyns ham cmgaexa ckendnlgmghnh- z|kexgxqh w aigcncgn- n cksxas dkha|nhks% Mn cnmghnh xgaea qe klàxgyk0 |aszkeha| n

mns avzacxnxgyns ham ¯cmgaexa¿- w qen ik|dn ha ckesabqg|mk0 fnca| mns cksns lgae- qxgmgpnehk ha ik|dn

|ncgkenm mks dahgks hgszkeglmas% Ek as qe klàxgyk- sgek qe z|kcask ha da`k|n ckexgeqn%

Mks z|gda|ks aeik~qas ha cnmghnh sq|bga|ke z|acgsndaexa ae |amncgóe cke am nfk||k k |ahqccgóe ha

cksxas% Mn aigcgaecgn asxî z|asaexa ckdk amadaexk lîsgck ha xkhn basxgóe ha cnmghnh% Sge

aigcgaecgn ek fnl|î cnmghnh% Za|k cnmghnh as dîs ~qa aigcgaecgn% Dgaex|ns ~qa mn aigcgaecgn as qe z|ge$

cgzgk k c|gxa|gk ha basxgóe ~qa ck||amncgken klàxgyks ckesabqghks cke |acq|sks adzmanhks- mn cnmg$

hnh xkxnm as qen asx|nxabgn ha basxgóe ~qa gexab|n xkhks mks amadaexks w z|kcasks% Mn cnmghnh xkxnm¿

k ¯avcamaecgn ae mn basxgóe¿ nzk|xn hks iqehndaexks ha b|ne ynmk|0 am ¯cmgaexa¿ ckdk |aia|aecgn

asaecgnm- w am ckdz|kdgsk ha xkhn mn k|bnegpncgóe zn|n am mkb|k ha klàxgyks w mn da`k|n ckexgeqn%

Qe ckecazxk ha ¯cmgaexa¿ ~qa sa ghaexgigcn ckdk hasxgenxn|gk ha mn ncxgyghnh &gexa|ek k avxa|ek' w

~qa zn|n am sgsxadn zkmäxgck$nhdgegsx|nxgyk as am cgqhnhnek% Qen da`k|n¿ ~qa hala |aia|g|sa n xkhksmks nszacxks |amaynexas zn|n mn k|bnegpncgóe0 cnmghnh ha sa|ygcgk k z|khqcxk? snxgsinccgóe ham cmgaexa?

snxgsinccgóe gexa|en? aigcgaecgn? z|khqcxgyghnh%%%- mabgxgdghnh%

Cnmghnh xkxnm as qen asx|nxabgn hg|acxgyn yîmghn zn|n hgsxgexks xgzks ha k|bnegpncgkeas- cke ¯dkha$

mks¿ aszacäigcks w nhnzxnhks n mns zn|xgcqmn|ghnhas ham sa|ygcgk% Cke mns nhnzxncgkeas w aszacgigcg$

hnhas eacasn|gns- |asqmxn iqehndaexnm zn|n mn ¯lqaen nhdgegsx|ncgóe¿ ae am sacxk| zðlmgck w asza$

cgnmdaexa ae mns aexghnhas mkcnmas%

Sómk mk ~qa sa dgha sa zqaha da`k|n| &nm daeks ckesxnxnehk iafncgaexadaexa asn da`k|n'% Mks

dkhamks w xçcegcns ha Cnmghnh Xkxnm sa sqsxaexne ae dahgcgkeas w neîmgsgs ckec|axks% Nm dgsdk

xgadzk- sa gdzqmsn mn geekyncgóe- mn c|anxgyghnh w am ckdz|kdgsk%

Mk da`k| ~qa sa zqaha fnca| as nzmgcn| mn xçcegcn ha aynmqncgóe ha cnmghnh ha mks sa|ygcgks-

ckdzn|n| nmxa|enxgyns w hacghg| ae iqecgóe ha mks neîmgsgs aiacxqnhks w ckesxnxnhks%

GY% MN GDZMGCNCGÓE HA MKS QSQN\GKS AE MN BASXGÓE HAMSA\YGCGK

8%>% Qe z|klmadn lîsgck ha basxgóeQe z|klmadn ~qa niacxn n mns hgsxgexns Nhdgegsx|ncgkeas zðlmgcns asznþkmns as mn avcasgyn ckecae$

x|ncgóe ha zkha| ae mn cðzqmn ha mn k|bnegpncgóe% Cke i|acqaecgn- am dgegsx|k- am ckesaà|k nqxkeó$

dgck k am nmcnmha xkdne hacgsgkeas skl|a nsqexks ckec|axks ha basxgóe% Mk zak| as ~qa asxndks

ncksxqdl|nhks n ya|mk ckdk nmbk ek|dnm% Sge adln|bk- xgaea ek zkcks aiacxks eabnxgyks% Ek sómk


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

>7




zn|n am lqae iqecgkendgaexk ham sa|ygcgk zðlmgck- sgek xndlgçe zn|n mks z|kzgks hg|gbaexas- ~qa-

cqnehk kcq||ae gecghaexas- xgaeae ~qa |aszkeha| ha nsqexks ~qa zk| móbgcn ck||aszkehae n hg|ac$

xgyks w xçcegcks z|kiasgkenmas% Mn dgsgóe ha mks dîvgdks hg|gbaexas as mn ha dn|cn| daxns w klàxg$

yks- z|gk|gpn| w hn| gesx|qccgkeas cmn|ns w fkdkbçeans n mns k|bnegpncgkeas% \askmya| mks z|klmadnsw xkdn| mns hacgsgkeas ha basxgóe ck||aszkeha n hg|acxgyks z|kiasgkenmas ha daek| egyam w adzman$

hks- cke mn zn|xgcgzncgóe ha qe dkhk q kx|k ha mks qsqn|gks%

Zk| ammk- mn eqayn basxgóe zðlmgcn nlkbn zk| qen hascaex|nmgpncgóe ham zkha| w ha mn ckesgbqgaexa|aszkesnlgmghnh ha mks hg|gbaexas zkmäxgcks- xnexk ¯fncgn nln`k¿ ckdk ¯fncgn iqa|n¿% Asxk sqzkea0

$ Gdzmgcn| w |aszkesnlgmgpn| n mks hg|acxgyks z|kiasgkenmas w adzmanhks zðlmgcks ae amz|kcask ha basxgóe ham sa|ygcgk w ae mks |asqmxnhks%

$ Gdzmgcn| n mks qsqn|gks ae am hgsaþk w basxgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks%

N~qä eks |aia|g|adks n mn sabqehn% W mk fn|adks hasha qen ygsgóe ndzmgn w nlga|xn- ~qa x|nxn ha sqza$

|n| mn hgckxkdän aex|a am ¯dkhamk ckesqda|gsxn¿ w am ¯dkhamk cgqhnhnek¿%

Ae am dkhamk haekdgenhk ¯ckesqda|gsxn¿ sa z|gygmabgn mn z|kygsgóe ha geik|dncgóe w am ckekcgdgaexk

ha mn kzgegóe ha |acazxk|as w qsqn|gks zn|n da`k|n| mn z|asxncgóe%

Ae am dkhamk ¯cgqhnhnek¿- zn|xgaehk ha qe gexa|çs ckmacxgyk- ek a~qgzn|nlma n mn sqdn ha mks gexa|a$

sas gehgyghqnmas- sa zksxqmne z|kcasks ha zn|xgcgzncgóe- ae mks ~qa mks cgqhnhneks- nhadîs ha sa|

ascqcfnhks- sa geykmqc|ne ae mn skmqcgóe ha sqs z|kzgks z|klmadns%

Mn ckex|nzksgcgóe ¯cgqhnhnek¿$¯cmgaexa¿ as n|xgigcgksn a geckesgsxaexa% Zn|n mn Nhdgegsx|ncgóe

Zðlmgcn- am cgqhnhnek as sq cmgaexa% Ek sómk ask- xndlgçe as nccgkegsxn¿ w dqcfk dîs- za|k as cmgaexa-

ae qe saexghk ndzmgk- ckdk hasxgenxn|gk w |aia|aexa ha sq ncxgyghnh% Mn ckesgha|ncgóe ckdk cmgaexa ek

fnca ha daeks nm cgqhnhnek% Ae am îdlgxk ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks- |asqmxn dqw zksgxgyn zn|n mn

ck||acxn haigegcgóe ha mns zkmäxgcns w sq basxgóe% Nhadîs- |asnmxn am cn|îcxa| sa|ygcgnm ha mn Nhdgegsx|n$

cgóe Zðlmgcn%

Mn sazn|ncgóe aex|a geik|dncgóe w zn|xgcgzncgóe xndlgçe as genhacqnhn% Mns ck||gaexas ha geik|$

dncgóe aex|a Nhdgegsx|ncgóe w qsqn|gks ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks ske iqehndaexnmas zn|n am lqae

iqecgkendgaexk ham sa|ygcgk% Nhadîs- ckesxgxqwae qe z|asqzqasxk lîsgck zn|n mn zn|xgcgzncgóe- ~qa n

sq yap as iqaexa ha geik|dncgóe% Ik|dne zn|xa ha qe dgsdk z|kcask- ~qa geykmqc|n n |acazxk|as w

qsqn|gks ae mn basxgóe ham sa|ygcgk%

Zk| ammk- fnlmndks ha gdzmgcn| n mks qsqn|gks ae mn basxgóe ham sa|ygcgk ckdk qe ckecazxk ndzmgk-cqwk aà caex|nm as am hgsaþk ham sa|ygcgk ae iqecgóe ham cgqhnhnek- n zn|xg| ha xçcegcns ha cnmghnh

xkxnm w nzmgcnehk mn igmkskiän ha aigcgaecgn |nhgcnm% Za|k ae am ckecazxk- as zksglma ckesgha|n| kx|ksdqcfks nszacxks ae mks ~qa mn aigcgaecgn ham sa|ygcgk zqaha da`k|n| dahgnexa mn gdzmgcncgóe sgsxadî$

xgcn ha mks |acazxk|as w qsqn|gks% Qek ha ammks- dqw gdzk|xnexa ae am dkdaexk ncxqnmas am ha mn zn|xg$

cgzncgóe ham qsqn|gk ae am cksxa ham ck||aszkehgaexa sa|ygcgk- am haekdgenhk ¯ckznbk¿%

8%<% Mn ck||aszkesnlgmghnh igenecga|n gehgyghqnm ham qsqn|gk ham sa|ygcgk

Ek avgsxae sa|ygcgks b|nxqgxks% Xkhks xgaeae qe cksxa w- ha qen q kx|n ik|dn- mks cgqhnhneksznbne% Zn|aca qen nig|dncgóe nlsq|hn- zk| sq klygahnh- za|k ek asxî dnm |ack|hn|mn% Cqnehk sa

z|khqca qen b|nxqghnh nzn|aexa ae am dkdaexk ha nccaha| n mn z|asxncgóe- sgbegigcn sgdzmadaexa

~qa mn igenecgncgóe ha asxa sa|ygcgk sa |anmgpn äexab|ndaexa cke gdzqasxks baea|nmas k geb|asks

igscnmas niacxnhks% Avgsxa mn c|aaecgn ha ~qa mn nzn|aexa b|nxqghnh k znbk cke gdzqasxks as qe

sgsxadn dîs `qsxk- wn ~qa xgaea ae cqaexn mn cnzncghnh w ek mn eacasghnh% Ae |anmghnh- ek sgadz|a

as nsä% Hazaeha ham xgzk ha sa|ygcgk w ae baea|nm ha x|as incxk|as0

$ Mk aigcgaexa w `qsxk ~qa san am sgsxadn gdzksgxgyk%


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

<:

CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen <:



$ Mn cnzncghnh ha |ahgsx|glqg| |aexn ~qa xaebn mn z|asxncgóe k sa|ygcgk znbnhk cke gdzqasxks%

$ Mks aiacxks ~qa xaebn mn nzn|aexa b|nxqghnh ae am ckdzk|xndgaexk ha mks zkxaecgnmas |acazxk$

|as k qsqn|gks ham sa|ygcgk%

Asxk ðmxgdk as dqw gdzk|xnexa- zk| cqnexk ae haxa|dgenhks sa|ygcgks- mn nzn|aexa b|nxqghnh gex|k$

hqca hgsxk|sgkeas ae mn hadnehn a gecaexgyn ckdzk|xndgaexks nlqsgyks% Zk| am ckex|n|gk- am znbkha qen zn|xa ham cksxa- ae am dkdaexk ha nccaha| gehgyghqnm w ykmqexn|gndaexa n mn z|asxn$cgóe- incgmgxn mn |aszkesnlgmghnh ham qsqn|gk- am ckesqdk |ncgkenm w am cqghnhk zk| am lqaeiqecgkendgaexk ham sa|ygcgk% Xkhk ammk hala ckesgha|n|sa n mn fk|n ha haxa|dgen| cqîexk hala sa|

asn ¯zn|xa¿ n znbn|- cke qe saexghk ha a~qgmgl|gk w ha a~qghnh% Am ckznbk zqaha |asqmxn| zksgxgyksg ckex|glqwa n mn da`k|n ham sa|ygcgk w n mn yap |asqmxn skcgnmdaexa `qsxk%

Ae mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks mkcnmas- mn ckzn|xgcgzncgóe ham qsqn|gk ae am cksxa ha mks sa|ygcgks&z|acgks- ckznbks…' asxî dqw avxaehghn% Za|k mn xaehaecgn as mn ha avgbg| qeks z|acgks ekxn$lmadaexa ln`ks- sge qen `qsxgigcncgóe skcgnm sqigcgaexa% Mks geb|asks zðlmgcks- lnsnhks ae mn nzmg$

cncgóe ham z|gecgzgk ha znbk zk| laeaigcgk hg|acxk- |az|asaexne qe 8:! ha mks geb|asks z|kzgks ham

cke`qexk ha mns Aexghnhas Mkcnmas asznþkmns% Ek klsxnexa- hala|äne |aygsn|sa mns nzn|aexasb|nxqghnhas w mn nhacqncgóe ha mks z|acgks% Ek zk| qe niîe |acnqhnxk|gk- sgek zn|n da`k|n| mn aigcgaecgn ha mks sa|ygcgks%

Ae am îdlgxk ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks mkcnmas- mn |aygsgóe ha mks z|kb|ndns ha bnsxk halagecmqg| qen |ackesgha|ncgóe ham a~qgmgl|gk aex|a znbk zk| gdzqasxks w znbk ha z|acgk zk| laeaigcgk%

Ek hala lqscn|sa qe nqdaexk hg|acxk ha mks geb|asks zk|~qa- sg mns cksns sa fncae lgae-çsxa ek sa z|khqcg|î k mk fn|î ae xç|dgeks ascnsndaexa nz|acgnlmas% Am ckznbk k a~qgmgl|gk

cksxa$z|acgk sa hala nzmgcn| ae z|asxncgkeas cke ekxnlma imavglgmghnh ae mn hadnehn- w zk| ammk

zqahae ek nqdaexn| mks geb|asks% Sg sa nzmgcn ae z|asxncgkeas cqwn hadnehn as |äbghn- zk| sq

eacasghnh- zqaha z|khqcg| aiacxks za|ya|sks%

Am laeaigcgk- gecmqsk ackeódgck- xgaea ~qa z|khqcg|sa zk| qen |ncgkenmgpncgóe ha mn hadnehnw qe da`k|n ha mn aigcgaecgn% Zk| ammk- ek mk ckesgha|ndks qe nsqexk |acnqhnxk|gk k halðs~qahn ha geb|asks- sgek qe |acq|sk dîs zn|n basxgken| da`k|- gdzmgcnehk n mks qsqn|gks%

Nm aiacxqn| asxn |ackesgha|ncgóe- hala fnca|sa ckexadzmnehk sa|ygcgk zk| sa|ygcgk w nenmgpnehk

xkhks mks nszacxks% Ae xç|dgeks baea|nmas- sa hala ckesgha|n| ~qa am ckznbk w am n`qsxa haz|acgks cqdzmae x|as igenmghnhas lîsgcns0

n' \ncgkenmgpn| am ckesqdk ha haxa|dgenhks z|khqcxks k z|asxncgkeas%

l' Z|kzk|cgken| geik|dncgóe skl|a mns z|aia|aecgns gehgyghqnmas w mn ynmk|ncgóe ha mks qsqn$|gks nca|cn ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks%

c' Nzk|xn| qe gesx|qdaexk ha igenecgncgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks%

Nm nzmgcn|mks ae am îdlgxk ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks mkcnmas- hala z|gdn| mn nxaecgóe n mnsabqehn ha mns igenmghnhas% Qe ckznbk lgae hgsaþnhk k qe n`qsxa ck||acxk ham z|acgk- xgaea yaexn$

`ns ~qa zqahae ckex|glqg| n mn da`k|n ha mn aigcgaecgn% Nm asxnlmaca|sa qen |amncgóe hg|acxn aex|a

cksxa w sa|ygcgks klxaeghks- klmgbn n mks qsqn|gks w cgqhnhneks n ckdzn|n| cksxas cke laeaigcgks

w- zk| xnexk- zqaha gecaexgyn| mn |ayamncgóe ha z|aia|aecgns- ~qa incgmgxn mn z|kygsgóe ózxgdn ha lgaeas

w sa|ygcgks% Da`k|n|än mn |aszkesnlgmghnh- ae mn dahghn ae mn ~qa nqdaexn mn ygsglgmghnh w mn x|neszn$

|aecgn skl|a am cksxa ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks% Nhadîs- mks ckznbks |ahqcae mn eacasghnh ha

gdzkea| k nqdaexn| gdzqasxks- ~qa z|khqca hgsxk|sgóe ae mn ackekdän%

Am ckznbk w mks z|acgks n`qsxnhks- nm z|kzk|cgken| geik|dncgóe w ynmk|ncgkeas ha mks qsqn$|gks- ckex|glqwae nm hgsaþk aigcgaexa w ha cnmghnh ham sa|ygcgk- nqdaexnehk mn |aszkesnlgmghnh


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

<>

CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen <>



a gdzmgcncgóe ha |acazxk|as w qsqn|gks% Cke ammk da`k|n mn aigcgaecgn% Ae asxa nszacxk |nhgcnsq dnwk| zkxaecgnmghnh%

Igenmdaexa- qen |aia|aecgn n qe z|klmadn ha z|acgks ~qa sa ygaea zmnexanehk ae haxa|dgenhks

sa|ygcgks dqegcgznmas ha cn|îcxa| cqmxq|nm- hazk|xgyk- axc%0 mn hgia|aecgncgóe ha z|acgks aex|a mksyacgeks w kx|ks cgqhnhneks- cke xn|gins ~qa gdzmgcne qen dnwk| nz|kvgdncgóe nm cksxa zn|nmks yacgeks ha kx|ks dqegcgzgks% As mabnm ae iqecgóe ha mks ha|acfks |ackekcghks n mks yacgeks

ae am n|xäcqmk >6%>%c'- as qsxk- wn ~qa mks yacgeks ckex|glqwae nm znbk n x|nyçs ha gdzqasxks a geb|a$

sks baea|nmas ek nsgbenhks% Za|k nhadîs xgaea aiacxks |ncgkenmgpnhk|as ham ckesqdk w inyk|nlmas

n mn aigcgaecgn% Hnhk ~qa mn hadnehn as imavglma- ek xgaea aiacxks |acnqhnxk|gks ha ckesgha|ncgóe-

za|k sä sa zqaha inyk|aca| mn a~qghnh w mn aigcgaecgn%

8%3% Mn gdzmgcncgóe ha qsqn|gks w cgqhnhneks ae am hgsaþk ham Sa|ygcgk ZðlmgckMkcnm

Mn ckeigbq|ncgóe w mn aynmqncgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks mkcnmas sa zqaha |anmgpn| cke qendaxkhkmkbän ha cnmghnh xkxnm%

Cqnehk qen aexghnh xgaea ~qa z|kzk|cgken| qen sa|ga ha sa|ygcgks zn|n ckesqdk ham cmgaexa$cgqhnhnek-

fnl|î ha aàcqxn| qe cke`qexk ha z|kcasks% Ae säexasgs- mns ncxqncgkeas eacasn|gns zn|n mn aex|abn ha

qe sa|ygcgk nm cgqhnhnek ckdz|aehae x|as b|nehas z|kcasks k lmk~qas ha z|kcasks0

• Am hgsaþk ham sa|ygcgk w ham z|kcask ck||aszkehgaexa%

• Aàcqcgóe ham z|kcask w aex|abn ck||aszkehgaexa%

• Sabqgdgaexk w dahgcgóe ham sa|ygcgk w ham z|kcask ae |amncgóe cke mks klàxgyks asxnlmacghks%

Cke qe c|gxa|gk ha cnmghnh xkxnm¿ nzmgcn|ändks n xkhks mks z|kcasks qe aeik~qa ha da`k|n ckexgeqn- ha

ckeik|dghnh cke mn daxkhkmkbän ZHCN- cgcmk Hadgeb0

• ZMNEGIGCN\0 z|gda| znsk ckesgsxaexa ae nenmgpn|- ghaexgigcn| î|ans ha da`k|n- asxnlmaca| daxns-

klàxgyks w dçxkhks zn|n nzmgcn|mks% Amnlk|n| qe zmne ha nccgóe zn|n mn da`k|n%

• FNCA\0 asxa sabqehk znsk ckesgsxg|än ae gdzmnexn| w hasn||kmmn| mk zmnegigcnhk nexa|gk|daexa% As

hasanlma zkha| ckex|kmn| mks aiacxks w nz|kyacfn| sgea|bgns w ackekdäns ha ascnmn ae mn basxgóe ham

cndlgk% Zn|n ammk- ae dqcfks cnsks sa|î z|acgsk ckdaepn| zk| qe ¯z|kwacxk zgmkxk¿- dkhamgpnehk

am cndlgk w avx|nwaehk ckecmqsgkeas w ckekcgdgaexks ha mks |asqmxnhks nzmgcnlmas nm |asxk ha mn

k|bnegpncgóe k ha mks z|kcasks gdzmgcnhks%

• YA\GIGCN\0 ckesgsxa ae nenmgpn| mks aiacxks ha mk |anmgpnhk% Aynmqn| mks |asqmxnhks w mks z|kcasks%

• NZMGCN\0 gdzmnexn| mns ckeavgkeas kzk|xqens ae iqecgóe ha mks |asqmxnhks ha mn ya|gigcncgóe% Sa

ncxqnmgpn mn zmnegigcncgóe% Ha asxn ik|dn sa cga||n qe cgcmk w n mn yap sa nl|a kx|k eqayk%

Cqlga|xk qe cgcmk ha da`k|n- mks znsks sqcasgyks eks mmayne n |azaxg| mns axnzns w ykmya|adks n |anmgpn|

ck||accgkeas% Sgadz|a fnl|î zksglgmghnhas ha da`k|n% Am aeik~qa ha da`k|n ckexgeqn hasniän mks asxîe$hn|as asxnlmacghks- |aygsîehkmks w fncgçehkmas cnhn yap dîs avgbaexas% Sa |anmgpne n`qsxas ckexgeqks

ae mn k|gaexncgóe ha mks z|kcasks n cmgaexas &cgqhnhneks' k hasxgenxn|gks%

Asxn daxkhkmkbän z|kzk|cgken qen geik|dncgóe |anm w ckesxnexa zn|n nhkzxn| hacgsgkeas- ha da`k|n

b|nhqnm w ckexgeqn w xndlgçe ha cndlgk k|bnegpnxgyk k ha ik|dn ha basxgóe% Nhadîs- ikdaexn mn geek$

yncgóe w mn c|anxgyghnh- ~qa- ckdk hacändks- ske iqehndaexnmas ae mn basxgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks mkcnmas%

Zk|~qa- sg sa cndlgn mn ik|dn ha basxgóe- xgaea ~qa sa| zn|n da`k|n| mks |aehgdgaexks ha cnmghnh%

Mks qsqn|gks xgaeae eacasghnhas w avzacxnxgyns skl|a mks sa|ygcgks mkcnmas ~qa sa zkeae hadnegigasxk ae mk ~qa haekdgendks ¯|a~qgsgxks ham sa|ygcgk¿% Mks qsqn|gks w mks cgqhnhneks ae

baea|nm- nhadîs ha dnegiasxn| qen kzgegóe skl|a am sa|ygcgk ae sq cke`qexk- zqahae `qpbn| w


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

<<

CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen <<



ynmk|n| ¯amadaexks¿ k ¯nx|glqxks¿ ham dgsdk- ha ik|dn sazn|nhn% Mks ¯nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh¿ skemks ckdzkeaexas ham sa|ygcgk ~qa am qsqn|gk k |acazxk| ynmk|n ha ik|dn aszacgnm w zqaha za|cg$lg| cke cmn|ghnh zk| sazn|nhk% Ek xkhks mks ckdzkeaexas ha qe sa|ygcgk ske ynmk|nhks gbqnm zk|

mks qsqn|gks- eg zk| xnexk xaeh|îe mn dgsdn gdzk|xnecgn%Zn|n hgsaþn| nhacqnhndaexa qe sa|ygcgk as eacasn|gk ghaexgigcn| mks nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh hasha mn ózxgcn

ham qsqn|gk- geyasxgbnehk nhadîs am zask ~qa n cnhn qek ma nsgben% Zn|n ammk as z|acgsk z|abqexn| n mks

qsqn|gks zk| dahgk ha aecqasxns% Mns aecqasxns n mks qsqn|gks skl|a sqs avzacxnxgyns ae qe haxa|dg$

enhk sa|ygcgk sa zqahae ckeiaccgken| ae lnsa n z|abqexns skl|a mks nx|glqxks baea|nmas ~qa asxnlmaca

am Dkhamk SA\Y^QNM- zn|n ckekca| mn gdzk|xnecgn |amnxgyn ~qa ckecahae mks qsqn|gks n cnhn c|gxa|gk-

ae am sa|ygcgk ha ~qa sa x|nxa%

Am dkhamk SA\Y^QNM z|kzk|cgken qe skzk|xa daxkhkmóbgck zn|n ckekca| mns eacasghnhas wavzacxnxgyns |aszacxk nm sa|ygcgk- mqabk zn|n aynmqn| mn za|cazcgóe ha mks qsqn|gks skl|a mnsz|asxncgkeas ham dgsdk% Ae baea|nmas qe gesx|qdaexk ignlma% Za|k sg sa qxgmgpn ckdk amadaexk sqsxae$

xnhk| ha mns aecqasxns- as z|acgsk nhnzxn|mk n mn xgzkmkbän ha mks sa|ygcgks% Ae mks sa|ygcgks mkcnmas- am

qsqn|gk zkeha|n dîs am c|gxa|gk¿ cnzncghnh ha |aszqasxn- ae xç|dgeks ha |nzghap$zqexqnmghnh- gecmqsk

zk| aecgdn ha mn ignlgmghnh%

Ckekca| lgae mns avzacxnxgyns- ae xç|dgeks ha nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh- as mn lnsa ha qe lqaehgsaþk ham sa|ygcgk- ~qa za|dgxg|î dahg| w ckekca| mn |amncgóe cnmghnh asza|nhn+cnmghnh za|cg$lghn%

Ae xkhks mks sa|ygcgks zðlmgcks mkcnmas aeckex|n|adks qen sa|ga ha nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh lîsgcks-

aecqnh|nlmas ae mks sgbqgaexas azäb|nias0

>% Qxgmghnh- aiacxgyghnh w ignlgmghnh ham sa|ygcgk%

<% Cnzncghnh ha |aszqasxn ae xgadzks |npkenlmas%

$ zmnpks ha aex|abn k |anmgpncgóe ha mns z|asxncgkeas%

$ nbgmghnh ham sa|ygcgk%

$ xgadzks ha asza|n%

$ xgadzks ha x|ndgxncgóe ha z|kcahgdgaexks%

3% Nhacqncgóe n mns avzacxnxgyns w ynmk|as ham cgqhnhnek%

$ Z|acgk nhacqnhk ha sa|ygcgks lîsgcks%

$ Z|acgk nhacqnhk ha z|asxncgkeas ckdzmadaexn|gns%

$ \nzghap w skmyaecgn ae mn ckexasxncgóe n mns |acmndncgkeas%

$ Bn|nexäns ~qa sa ki|acae w ckdzaesncgóe zk| a||k|as%

$ Ckdzaesncgkeas zk| inmmks ham sa|ygcgk%

$ Cgcmk ackmóbgck ham z|khqcxk+sa|ygcgk% Ckdznxglgmghnh cke am dahgk ndlgaexa%

$ Cnzncghnh ha |aszqasxn n eqayns eacasghnhas w ynmk|as nþnhghks0 eqayks sa|ygcgks? incgmghn$has ha znbk? da`k|ns%%%

$ Nz|kyacfndgaexk ha mn c|anxgyghnh a geekyncgóe ae mn da`k|n ham sa|ygcgk%

8% Adznxän0 Ckdz|aesgóe ha mn sgxqncgóe ham cgqhnhnek qsqn|gk- ha sqs cg|cqesxnecgns w aszacgigcghnhas%

1% X|nxk hgszaesnhk zk| mks |aszkesnlmas ha nxaecgóe hg|acxn w zk| am sa|ygcgk ae baea|nm%

$ Ck|xasän w ndnlgmghnh%

$ \acazxgyghnh n mns gehgcncgkeas ha mks qsqn|gks%

$ Gbqnmhnh w klàxgyghnh ae am x|nxk%

$ Z|acgsgóe ae mn ckdqegcncgóe%


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

<3

CQENM >89[>[Gexa|gk|as CQENM <3+:<+>< >>01: Zîbgen <3



9% Nccasglgmghnh iäsgcn w xadzk|nm n mks sa|ygcgks- nsä ckdk n mns hazaehaecgns%

$ Gesxnmncgkeas cke cnzncghnh sqigcgaexa w nhnzxnhns nm xgzk ha sa|ygcgks%

$ Ckdkhghnh w ndlgaexa nb|nhnlma%

$ Saþnmgpncgóe gexa|gk| w avxa|gk| nhacqnhn%

$ Lqaen nccasglgmghnh zn|n xkhks mks ckmacxgyks ha zkxaecgnmas qsqn|gks%

2% Ckdqegcncgóe a geik|dncgóe nhacqnhns skl|a am sa|ygcgk w z|asxncgkeas% Cmn|n- ckecgsn w k|gaexnhn

n mns eacasghnhas ha mks zkxaecgnmas qsqn|gks- n x|nyçs ha cn|xns ha sa|ygcgk- zqlmgcncgkeas- cg|cq$

mn|as- axc%

6% Basxgóe aigcgaexa ha mks ikehks zðlmgcks- n mks ~qa am cgqhnhnek ckex|glqwa n x|nyçs ha sqs gdzqas$

xks w skl|a mks ~qa sa hala |aehg| cqaexns%

7% Ykmqexnh ha sa|ygcgk zðlmgck% Aszacgnm saesglgmghnh ha mn k|bnegpncgóe w sqs gexab|nexas fncgn am sa|yg$

cgk zðlmgck% Mabgxgdncgóe ckexgeqn ae lnsa n facfks w |asqmxnhks%

Ghaexgigcnhks mks nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh ha qe sa|ygcgk- as z|acgsk nenmgpn| mns avzacxnxgyns &z|aygnsn mn |acazcgóe ha mns z|asxncgkeas' w mn za|cazcgóe ~qa xgaeae |anmdaexa mks cgqhnhneks% Xndlgçe

as eacasn|gk z|gk|gpn|% Hnhk ~qa mks |acq|sks ske mgdgxnhks- hala|adks z|gk|gpn| mns nccgkeas hahgsaþk ham sa|ygcgk ae iqecgóe ha qe z|aygsglma k|hae ha nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh%

Qen yap ~qa ckekpcndks mks nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh- xnm w ckdk mks ik|dqmn am qsqn|gk w mngdzk|xnecgn |amnxgyn ~qa ckecaha n cnhn qek ha ammks- hala|adks fnca|mks kza|nxgyks-x|nhqcgçehkmks ae nszacxks ckec|axks ~qa haigeg|îe mns cn|ncxa|äsxgcns ham sa|ygcgk% Mnscn|ncxa|äsxgcns ham sa|ygcgk ske n~qammks nszacxks ~qa am basxk| samaccgken w ~qa ckeik|$dn|îe am sa|ygcgk ¯hgsaþnhk¿% Cnhn cn|ncxa|äsxgcn sa ck||amncgken n mn snxgsinccgóe ha qek

yn|gks nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh% Am basxk| fnl|î ha hacghg| códk ckesabqg|î snxgsinca| n~qammk~qa am qsqn|gk nz|acgn w avz|asn|mk ae z|kcahgdgaexks kza|nxgyks% Mns ¯cn|ncxa|äsxgcns¿za|dgxae fnca| xnebglma am dîs gednxa|gnm ha mks sa|ygcgks% Zn|n asxnlmaca| mns cn|ncxa|äsxg$

cns hala zn|xg|sa ha mks nx|glqxks ha cnmghnh w ha mns aszacgigcncgkeas xçcegcns ham sa|ygcgk-cnzncghnh w |acq|sks- axc%- nsä ckdk qxgmgpn| qen daxkhkmkbän nhacqnhn% Nsä- am ¯Haszmgabqa ha

mn Iqecgóe ha Cnmghnh¿ &^HI0 ^qnmgxw Iqecxgke Hazmkwdaex' as qe z|kcask ha zmnegigcncgóe w

basxgóe ~qa- zn|xgaehk ha mns eacasghnhas w avzacxnxgyns ncxqnmas w iqxq|ns ha mks qsqn|gks-

za|dgxa hasn||kmmn| sa|ygcgks ha cnmghnh- cke am klàxgyk ha snxgsinca|mns nm däegdk cksxa &aigcgae$

cgn'% Ae xkhk cnsk- mks ¯|a~qgsgxks¿ ham sa|ygcgk halae asxn| haigeghks ae xç|dgeks ha ¯cn|ncxa$

|äsxgcns¿ klsa|ynlmas w skdaxghns n zksglma aynmqncgóe ham qsqn|gk%

Am z|kcask ha da`k|n ckexgeqn |a~qga|a nexa xkhk dahg|% Zn|n ammk- as eacasn|gk asxnlmaca| mnsyn|gnlmas w mks ynmk|as ~qa sa asza|n nmcnepn| ae mns dgsdns% Zn|n zkha| mmayn| n cnlk amz|kcask ha dahgcgóe- cnhn cn|ncxa|äsxgcn ham sa|ygcgk hala|î geck|zk|n| qek k yn|gks gehgcnhk$|as klàxgyks w zn|n cnhn qek ha ammks sa ig`n|î am egyam asxîehn| ~qa eks z|kzkeadks nmcnepn|%Qe gehgcnhk| as qen dnbegxqh nskcgnhn n qen cn|ncxa|äsxgcn ~qa za|dgxa- n x|nyçs ha sq dahgcgóe ae

za|gkhks sqcasgyks w zk| ckdzn|ncgóe cke am asxîehn| asxnlmacghk- aynmqn| za|góhgcndaexa hgcfncn|ncxa|äsxgcn w ya|gigcn| am cqdzmgdgaexk ha mks klàxgyks asxnlmacghks zn|n am sa|ygcgk%

Ae sq cke`qexk- mks gehgcnhk|as halae sa| |az|asaexnxgyks ha mns cn|ncxa|äsxgcns haigeghns zn|nam sa|ygcgk w cqdzmg| mks sgbqgaexas |a~qgsgxks0

$ Aszacäigcks0 cqnehk dîs ckec|axks sane mks gehgcnhk|as- |asqmxn|îe xnexk dîs ðxgmas- wn ~qa nzk|$

xn|îe geik|dncgóe sqigcgaexa%

$ Cqnexgigcnlmas0 avz|asnhks ae qeghnhas ha dahghn- ha ik|dn ~qa |asqmxae ckdzn|nlmas w sa zqahn

ya|gigcn| sq aykmqcgóe%

$ \az|asaexnxgyks0 halae |aiman| mk ~qa sa ~qga|a dahg| mk dîs igamdaexa zksglma%


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

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$ Ignlmas0 mn geik|dncgóe ~qa nzk|xae hala sa| ya|np%

$ Sgdzmas0 ha cîmcqmk gedahgnxk w qxgmgpnehk zkcks |acq|sks%

Zn|n haigeg| nhacqnhndaexa mks gehgcnhk|as avgsxae ik|dnxks ~qa sa zqahae qxgmgpn|% Zn|n am z|kzósgxk~qa za|sabqgdks- xgaeae ~qa sa| dqw saecgmmks- sgaehk sqigcgaexa cke ~qa xaebndks cmn|ks hks nszac$

xks iqehndaexnmas0

$ Am klàxgyk n ~qa sa |aiga|a cnhn gehgcnhk|%

$ Am sgsxadn ha dahgcgóe qxgmgpnhk%

Haigeg| mns cn|ncxa|äsxgcns ham sa|ygcgk- samaccgken| gehgcnhk|as nskcgnhks w ig`n| asxîehn|as ske amadae$

xks cmnya zn|n dahg| w zkha|- aex|a kx|ns cksns- xkdn| hacgsgkeas skl|a lnsas sa|gns w |gbq|ksns- ae

iqecgóe ha qe c|gxa|gk ha ya|hnha|k sa|ygcgk nm cgqhnhnek w zk| ammk nm gexa|çs baea|nmaex|a kx|ns- mns

dkhgigcncgkeas ha mns ik|dns ha basxgóe ha mks sa|ygcgks%

Mn dkhgigcncgóe ha mn ik|dn ha basxgóe ckemmayn amabg| aex|a mns nmxa|enxgyns zksglmas n~qçmmn ~qa

ki|apcn dnwk|as |aehgdgaexks ae xç|dgeks ha snxgsinccgóe cgqhnhnen ae |amncgóe n mks |acq|sksadzmanhks% Zkhadks hgszkea| ha hnxks |aszacxk n mn ik|dn ha basxgóe qxgmgpnhn- za|k ek ha mns nmxa|$

enxgyns% Am neîmgsgs ae çsxns sa |aia|g|î n |asqmxnhks ha iqxq|k- n |aehgdgaexks z|aygsglmas% Sa x|nxn ha qe

neîmgsgs z|kszacxgyk%

Nzmgcn| am neîmgsgs z|kszacxgyk n mn amaccgóe ha mn ik|dn ha basxgóe ha qe sa|ygcgk zðlmgck mkcnm |asqmxn

saecgmmk w z|asaexn gehqhnlmas yaexn`ns% Ae z|gda| mqbn|- am x|nln`k sa ya|î incgmgxnhk zk| am facfk ha ~qa

mns nmxa|enxgyns eks ygaeae hnhns zk| am k|haendgaexk% Ae sabqehk mqbn|- qen ha mns b|nehas hgigcqmxn$

has ham neîmgsgs ~qa ha|gyn ham cn|îcxa| cndlgnexa w ckdzma`k ha mks z|klmadns skcgnmas- ae asxa cnsk

as dqcfk daek|- nqe~qa avgsxa- w hala|î xaea|sa ae cqaexn% Asxk eks za|dgxg|î |anmgpn| qe neîmgsgs

z|kszacxgyk xçcegcndaexa sgdzmgigcnhk%

Mns ckeàxq|ns w mns z|kzksgcgkeas xaó|gcns hala|îe xaea| qe znzam daek|- ckdk amadaexks ckdzma$

daexn|gks zn|n |aik|pn| am neîmgsgs% Ncqhg|adks n xçcegcns z|kwacxgyns- ~qa sa |anmgpn|îe ae lnsa nhnxks ha basxgóe w- n sa| zksglma- ha za|cazcgóe% Ae z|gecgzgk- qxgmgpn|adks hnxks ha basxgóe hgszk$eglmas ae sgxqncgkeas w sqzqasxks ha basxgóe a~qgzn|nlmas%

Nexas xaeh|adks ~qa haigeg| mns daxns q klaxgyks baea|nmas ~qa cke mn gdzmnexncgóe ham sa|ygcgk ~qa|a$

dks ckesabqg|% Cnhn qek ha asks klàxgyks sa ckec|axn|î ae kx|ks ha cn|îcxa| kza|nxgyk- w n cnhn qek

ha ammks nskcgn|adks qe cke`qexk ha gehgcnhk|as ~qa za|dgxne mn qxgmgpncgóe ha sa|gas w mn ckdzn|ncgóe%

Mks gehgcnhk|as hala|îe sa| fkdkbçeaks% Mks dgsdks ~qa qxgmgpndks zn|n am neîmgsgs |anm ham sa|ygcgk

avgsxaexa%

Qen yap haxa|dgenhks mks klàxgyks w mks gehgcnhk|as- znsn|ändks n samaccgken| hks k x|as ¯dkhamks¿ha sa|ygcgks ~qa asxçe iqecgkenehk ae cgqhnhas sgdgmn|as- cnhn qek ha ammks cke qe dkhk ha basxgóe

hgsxgexk% Sa|ygcgks ckekcghks zk| sq ncazxnlma egyam ha iqecgkendgaexk% N zn|xg| ha mks hnxks ha

basxgóe w sq aykmqcgóe ae qe za|gkhk ha xgadzk- nzmgcnehk mks gehgcnhk|as ~qa ekskx|ks fnwndksamabghk- zkhadks fnca| mns hgsxgexns z|kwaccgkeas- mn ckdzn|ncgóe w avx|na| ckecmqsgkeas% Am asxqhgk

sa zqaha ckdzmaxn| cke `qgcgks ha ynmk|ncgóe w |aia|aecgns n mns xaehaecgns baea|nmas%

Zk| aàdzmk- sg sa x|nxn ha qe Sa|ygcgk Dqegcgznm ha X|neszk|xa Q|lnek Ckmacxgyk ha Ygnà|ks- amabg|adks

x|as cgqhnhas sgdgmn|as ae zklmncgóe w asx|qcxq|n- cke x|as ik|dns ha basxgóe0 hg|acxn cke Adz|asn Dqeg$

cgznm? Adz|asn Dgvxn w Ckecasgóe% Qxgmgpnehk am dgsdk cqnh|k ha gehgcnhk|as- |aia|ghks n mks b|qzks

ackeódgck- skcgnm- xçcegck w `q|ähgck- zkh|adks fnca| z|kwaccgkeas w qe cqnh|k ckdzn|nxgyk%

Asxn|adks ae ckehgcgkeas ha nhkzxn| qen hacgsgóe- cke lqaen bn|nexäns ha ncga|xk% Mks neîmgsgs klà$

xgyks ek mk |asqamyae xkhk% Am hacgsk| zqaha w hala xaea| ae cqaexn kx|ks nszacxks ha hgiäcgm dahgcgóe%

Za|k- sge hnxks w neîmgsgs ~qa k|gaexae mn hacgsgóe- am a||k| asxî cnsg bn|nexgpnhk%


ckmnlk|ncgkeas

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Revista de Estudios Locales CUNAL