Técnicas Generales en Microbiología

8/3/2019 Tcnicas Generales en Microbiologa

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J`q a`t`q q ut es hg se q e q} ` s k ` m h q } h k } ` q } ente s ` } u s ` q pue j ` qh k f e s h g s e q x * ùkpue } e snhkek neya jkmgqe * j ` } ente s ` } u s ` kgq e s j` `meau`m`( ` te q ` s me pue e j n`kne}sg n`spue 0 ` }nq f e s ` +Tgs e q } g * e q hntg s } `k } e e j hn hk ` s }gmg e j ` h s e me j ` an`s` x *qgcs e } gmg * f h i ` s q e ek j ` } entes` }u s` pue n`sa` e j } e snne } sg +@k}eq me a e s s ` s j` e q t h } ` m { ù }g a j `ve e j } e snne}sg meces n`sa`s 044 3 A+ x au`kmg qe agk q h o ` 0 ` }n+ me q gc se tse qh k q esme 030 3 A+Eq }e } h tg me e q } e s h j h y ` a h k qe entje` t` s ` 9 e j n` } e s h ` j me v .m s h g * jg q g cie }g q me ogn`* `t` s ` }g q pue j j ev `k ngk}` i e q agk .ogn`* jg q nemhgq me au j } h vg * t` s ` m e q } s u h s a u j } h v g q nha s g c h ` . kgq * au`kmg puesengq me qlàe s kg q me e j j g q * t` s ` e j n` } e s h ` j agk } `nhk`mg qua hg ,agng } ucg q x a ` i ` q me T e } s h ( * e }a ++Ej n` } e s h ` j ` eq}eshjhy`s meces hs } `t`mg agk } `tgkeq me ` j o g mk x ekvue j } g ek t`te j q u j f u s h y `m g g ne } j h a g t`s ` e v h } ` spue * ` j e k f s h ` s q e * e j òu` me agkmekqà hk ngie e j } `tk me` jogmk me jg q } ucgq x s e a h t h e k } e q + Ek e j a` qg me u}hjhy`s } ` tgkeq ne } j h a g q * kg q e s keae q ` s h g ekvg jve s e j n` } e s h ` j +@u}ga j `ve 9Eq uk `t` s` }g pue agk q } ` me uk aue stg a h j k m s h a g me mgc je t ` s e m {m hv hm hmg ek mgq t ` s } e q * m e vgjnek m h f e s e k } e * t g s uk` t j ` a ` ne} j h a ` te s f g s `m` + Ek j ` t ` s } e h k f e s h g s eq mgkme tgkengq e j òu`pue * ` j q e s a ` j e k } `m ` * v` ` } s ` k q f g sn` s q e ek v`tg s x { t` s } equte s h g s eq j ` an`s` me v`tg s * j ` au` j qe a h e s s ` le sn } h a `nek } e *nem h `k } e uk` } ` t `me s ` t s g v h q } ` me uk` ` s `kme j ` me ogn` x .ukgq cu jgke q +]`nchk j j ev ` uk n`kne} sg * uk } e snne}sg x uk` v jvu j ` me q e .ou s h m `m +Ej q h q } en` me a ` j e f ` a a h k v` ek j ` t ` s } e h k f e s h g s me j ù } g a j ` ve x tueme q e s uk` s e q h q } e k a h ` e j a } s h a ` * g uk` q e s h e me neale.sg q me o ` q +

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18/71

N ` k e i g me j ` u}g a0 4v e9Q e a g n tu e c ` p u e } h e k e òu` l`q } ` j ` seihjj`+ Q e ag j ga` e j n`}e sh`j ` eq}eshjhy`s+ Q e a h e s s ` c h ek j ` } ` t` me s` ` tse }` km g jg q .cu jgke q e k a s u y + Q e `c s e j ` v jvu j ` , q ` j h m ` m e j ` h s e ( t` s ` t e s n h } h s p u e e j ` h s e e | h q } e k } e e k e j s e a h e k } g q ` j o ` entui`mg tg se j v`tg s p u e qe t s gmuae + q eka h ekme e j fgag m e a ` j g s + Q e `cs ej ` v jvu j ` m e q u n hk h q } s g m e a ` j g s + Q e v h o h j ` e j } e snne}sg l ` q } ` p u e j ` } ente s ` } u s ` q e àe s pue ` j g q 0 4 4 A + x j u eog qe a h e s s `j ` ts hnes` v j v u j ` * ` qe ou s km gq e ` k}e q m e p u e e j alg s s g m e v ` . tgs * p u e q ` j e tg s e j j ` * k g a gk }he ke o g}` q m e òu` + Eq }g h k m h a ` * . p u e }gmg e j ` h s e p u e a g k } e k ` e j ` u } g a j ` v e * l ` q hmg e j h n h k ` m g +Q e a h e s s ` j ` e q t h } ` x qe q ho ue a `je k}` km g* l` q } ` p u e e j n ` k n e . } s g q ek` j e 0 ` }nq f e s ` me* t s e q hk x e j } e snne} sg n ` s p u e 030 A + *x ` p u e * q h kg l ` q h mg e j h n h k`mg } gmg e j ` h s e x e j òu` agkmek q` m` * e j n ` k n e } s g q e ` j ` s 0 ` }nq f e s ` tesg j ` } ente s ` } u s ` k g .q e s m e 0 3 0 A +M e q m e e q } e n g n e k } g * qe enthey` ` ag k }` s e j } h entg m e eq}eshjhyà hk * s eou j `kmg e j a ` j g s * qe n `k }heke agk q } `k } e j ` t s e q h k h k . } e s k ` m e j `t` s ` }g x tgs jg } ` k }g * j ` } ente s ` } u s ` +T`q`mgq 3 4 n h k g qe `tò` * qe me i ` p u e me qa h ekm` j ` } ente s ` } u s `l ` q } ` p u e e j n ` k n e } s g n ` s p u e G ` } n +Q e `cs e j ` e q t h } ` + Qh k g q ` j e v`tg s pu h e s e m ea h s p u e x ` k g l ` xq gc s et s e q hk + Q e pu h } ` k jg q cu jgke q * qe `c se e j ù }g a j `ve x qese}hs` e j n` } e s h ` j e q } e s h j h y ` m g +

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19/71

Fukm`nek}g x a g k m h { h g k ` k } e q me j` e q } e s h j h y ` a h k ` v`tgs f j u ek } e 9Ek e q } e a ` qg * j ` } ` t `me s ` me j ù }g a j `ve qe a h e s s ` lesn} h a`nek} e agk jg q c ujg ke q * tesg kg qe a h e s s ` j ` e q t h } ` agk jg pue kg .qe oeke s ` q g c s et s e q h k * x j ` } ente s ` } u s ` pue qe agk q h oue eq j `me j òu` l h s v h e k mg + Ej v`tgs f ju xe m us` k}e }gmg e j } h entg pue .qe pu h e s ` } e k e s ek e|tg q h a hkAgng `t j h a ` a h k me e q } e q h q } en` } ekengq j ` 00 } h km` j h y ` a hk # +Qe } s ` } ` me uk` e q } e s h j h y ` a h k ` v`tg s f j u ek } e mu s `k } e uk`lg s ` * meqtuq qe e k f s ` e j n `}e s h` j ` eq}eshjhy`s x qe h k . auc` mu s `k } e 3= lg s ` q ` 1? A + Eq }g qe s e t h } e } s e q veae q ekuk` e q } u f ` me au j } h vg mu s `k } e } s e q m ` q * t` s` pue j ` q fg sn`qe qtg s u j `m` q me v hm` s e q { e k } e , ekmgqtgs `q cà } e s h ` k ` q ( mu s `k } e jg q e qtà hg q me h k aucà hk * oesn hk ek * qe me q ` s s g j j e k x t` qek ` a j u j ` q veoe } ` } h v ` q * f#gsn`q ek pue q h q e s k me q } s u h m ` q .` j q gne }e s j ` q me kuevg ` j v`tgs f j u ek } e + @j } e s a e s m ` qe qu tgke pue kg e| h q } e k eqtg s ` q + @ eq } g qe j e j j `n` } `nc hk # e q } e s h j h y ` a h k f s ` a a h g k `m ` # +

Agk e q } e n}gmg * e j n` } e s h ` j ` eq}eshjhy`s* kg qe meo s `m` } ` k }g ` j q e s j ` } ente s ` }u s ` ` j` pue qe qgne}e nekgs +

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Nualgq n` } e s h ` j e q } e sng j c h j e q * ` y a` s e q * q ue sg q q `k ou k eg q*e}a+* qe me q } s uxek ` j a ` j e k } ` s j g q ` j` q } ente s ` }u s ` q u}hjhy`.m`q t` s` eq}eshjhy`s+ T`s ` eq}eshjhy`sjgq* agng kgsn`jnek }e qgkj p u h mg q g q u q } ` k a h ` q ek qg j u a h k * uq`ngq j ` f h j } s ` a h k +Jgq fhj}sgq e j hn hk`k j` q c ` a } e s h ` q me mgq n`kes `q 9 uk` tgs en. t j e ` s q e agng ag j `m g s * àa hk neak ha` e i e s a h m ` tgs jg q tepue q hngq tg s g q pue kg me i `k t` q ` s ` jg q nha s gg s o`k h qngq * x g } s ` .tg s j` `m qg s a hk me jg q nha s gc h g q ` j fhj}sg* mechmg ` j` m h f e . s e k a h ` me qu q a` so`q e j a } s h a ` q +Qe u } h j h y ` k 9. F h j } s g q me nencs`k`* me a e j u j g q ` g me t j q } h a g * agk uk } `n` .

g me tgsg me 4 0 =5 { n . F h j } s g q me v m s h g tg sg qg +. F h j } s g q me `qceq } g. F h j } s g q me cu i ` q me } h tg Al`nces j`km +

]gmgq e q } g q fhj}sgq qe uq`k uk h kmg jg q ` uk n`} s `y eq}shj x .tgs nemhg me uk` cgnc` me và g * qe gc j h o ` ` t` q ` s e j j p u h mg èq}eshjhy`s* puem`kmg jg q nhasggso`k h qngq ek e j fhj}sg x e j jpu hmg eq}shj ek e j n`} s ` y +

me qu i eaa h k

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Jhpu hmg pue qe v` ` eq}eshjhy`s

V`qg me ne } ` j ek fg sn` me encumgek f g sn` me m h q a g me ` qc eq }g t se kq `.

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30


22/71

TSET@S@AHGK ME NEMHGQ ME AUJ]HVG

Jgq nemhgq me au j } h vg qgk hnt s e q a hkm hc j e q t` s` e j au j } h vg me jg qnhasggso`k h qngq * tueq qgk j ` fuek }e me eke s o ` pue e j j g q k eae q h }`k t`s ` qu a s e a hn hek }g x s et sgmuaa h k +Jgq nemhgq me a u j } h v g tuemek q e s q hnt jeq q g ju a hgke q me q ` j e q h kg s o k ha `q iu k}g ` l h m s ` } g q me a` scgkg g q u q } ` k a h ` q agntje i ` q pue .l`k q hmg gc } ek hm ` q me } e i h m g q `k hn` j eq g v eo e } ` j e q * e h k a ju qg e| } s ` a } g q me a j u j ` q +Uk nemhg me a u j }h v g * k e a e q h} ` a gk }e ke s }g m` q `pue j j ` q q u q } ` k a h ` qpue e j nhasggso`k hqng s e pu h e s e 2 l` me e q } ` s eq}shj x l` me ek . agk } s ` s q e I ek s e a h t h e k } e q angmgq t` s ` qu tg q } e s h g s n`ke ig * x puekgje lò`k t e s m e s qu q}eshjhm`m+Agng e ientjg me uk nemhg j p u h mg a g s s h e k } e * a h } ` s engq uk a` jmg .ku } s h } h v g 9

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L`q }` 0 +444 aaJgq nemhgq me a u j } h v g qe ekauek } s `k ek uk` me j ` q mgq fg sn`q 9 jpu hmg g q j h mg + T`s ` e q } ` qeoukm` fg sn` * jg pue làengq eq ``m h s` uk a` jmg ku } s h } h v g * uk agntgkek}e agng e j ò` s g o e j ` } h k ` * agkjg pue ` } ente s ` } u s ` `nchek } e e j nemhg ku } s h } h v g q e s q j h mg +L nemhgq agne s a h ` j e q pue x` v h ekek t s et` s `mg q * tgs jg au ` j kg .làe f ` j } ` te q ` s ukg ` ukg qu q agntgkek }eq * q jg agk q eo u h s j` qh k q } s u a a h g k e q me j f ` c s h a `k } e c ` q } ` s t` s` gc } eke s j ` a `k } h m `m .meqe`m` +]`k}g ek uk a`qg agng ek e j g } sg * uk` vey m h q u e j } g ek òu` m e q } h j`m ` jg q agntgkek }eq g e j t s e { ` m g * qe ò h } ` l ` q } ` agntje } ` m h q g j u a h k + @ agk } h kuà hk qe nhme e j tL* pue l` me q e s e j pue e j nha sggso`k hqng pue v`ngq ` au j } h v ` s s epu h e s ` t` s ` qu m e q ` s s g j j g +Ek a`m` nemhg me a u j } h v g qe e q te a h f h a ` a u ` j l` me q e s e j tL+Qe ekv`q` e q } ` m h qg j u a h k ek uk n`} s`y + Qe } `t` agk ` jogmk x qeq e` j ` agk uk j t hy e j k h v e j me j p u h mg + Qe eq}eshjhy` ek e j ù .

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} g a j `ve ` 0 ` }n+ mu s`k } e 05 nhkg , t ` s ` t s e a h t h } ` s f g q f ` } g q ( + Qhe j nemhg h j e v ` uk agntgkek}e oe j h f h a ` k } e * eq } e a` j ek } `nh ek } g { ` s me qk ` } u s ` j h y ` s j ` q t sg } e k ` q x t` q` s ` j e q } ` mg me o e j , q j h mg (Uk` vey f s g * qe s e q } `c j e a e e j vgjn ek agk òu` m e q } h j ` m ` * x`pue ` j e q } e s h j h y ` s jM ( e j j pu h mg nekou` ` j og + Qe fhj}s` ek a ` j h e k } { q h làe f ` j } ` x qe m h q } s h c uxe ek } ucgq g n`} sàe q puekuev`nek}e vue jvek ` qe s e q } e s h j h y ` mg q + Uk` vey q } g q f s g q *qe s e } h s ` k m e j ù } ga j `ve x q agkqe sv`k ek keve s ` +Qe tueme agntsgc` s q h l`k q hmg c hek e q } e s h j h y ` m g q 0 q h }gn`ngquk` nueq } s ` , mgq }ucgq ( x j ` hkauc`ngq ek uk` e q } u f ` ` 1? A + *mu s`k }e =< lg s` q x kg qe gcqe sv` me q ` s s g j j g nha sgc h `kg +T`s` ` jouk`q u } h j h y ` a h g k e q * jg q nemhgq ku } s h } h v g q q j h m g q agkò` s * l`x pue u}hjhy`sjgq f j u h mg q + T`s` e j j g q fukmek ek ukc`g n`s h ` l h e s v h e kmg +

. Ej tuk}g me fu qh k qu eje e q } ` s ek } s e 8?.044A+. Ej tuk }g me q g j h m h f h a ` a h k eq ` j s e m emg s me jg q =3 A +

Qh c hek l`k me e k f s h ` s q e l`q } ` =5A+ * t` s` qu u } h j h y ` a h k * tueqe q } ` } ente s` }u s ` tueme q e s qgtg s } ` m ` tg s j ` q c ` a } e s h ` q mu s`k } etgag } h entg *x l`/! pue } s ` c ` i ` s met s h q ` * t ` s ` pue kg qe qgjhmhfh.pue + Eq }` } ente s` }u s ` me =5 A + * kg e q meo s`m`c je t ` s ` j` n`xg. s ` me j ` q c` a } e s h ` q +Ej } ` k }g tg s a h ek } g me ò` s ek jg q nemhgq ku } s h } h v g q e q } ek } s e

0 * 5 . 0 * < %+Ej g } s g agntgkek}e oe j h f h a ` k } e nq uq`mg eq j ` o e j ` }h k ` + Qe uq`` uk` agka ek } s ` a h k me 03.05 %+

. Eq j p u h mg tgs eka hn` me jg q 35A+. x eq l h m s g j h y `c j e tgs nual`q c ` a } e s h ` q +

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AGKQEIGQ X SEOJ@Q ME ]S@C@IG

J`q gte s ` a h gke q pue qe s e ` j h y `k ek nha sgc hg jgo ` 9 q h enc s ` * m h j u a h g k e q * s et ha `m g q* ` hq j`n he k }g q * qe s e ` j h y `k me n`kes` pue qe .e v h } e } gm` tg q h c j e agk } `n hkà h k + Tgs eqg qe mece } s ` c ` i ` s a e s a` me uk` j j `n` x ` q e s t g q hc je mek } sg me uk a`ntg me j hn h } `mg .tgs j ` q } s e q j j `n`q me } s e q nealesgq * qgcs e }gmg au`kmg qe l` . o`k q h encs`q me nhasggso`k h qngq +

Ej ` h s e me e q } e a`ntg qetueme agk q h m e s ` s j h c s e meosnekeq +

G}sg f ` a } g s hntg s } `k } e ` j ` lgs` me } s `c ` i g eq j ` s ` t hm ey * i uk }g agk j ` q fg sn`q me agoes x uq` s j gq hk q} sun e k}g q* pue l` me .j j e o ` s ` q e s me fgsn` ù } gn } h a ` +Au`kmg qe pu h e s e } s ` q t ` q ` s nha s g g s o`k h qngq me uk }ucg me ekq`xg ` ...g } s g s e a h t h e k } e g ` g } sg } ucg * qe .ag jga` s j ` n`kg h y p u h e s m ` agk j `t`jn` là h ` ` s s h c ` * x qe tgkms uk}ucg me ekq`xg ek } s e e j k m ha e x e jmemg ags `yk x e j g } s g }ucg me ek . q`xg ek } s e jP q memgq ags `yk x `ku .j ` s 2 e j memg tu jo` s kgq q e s v h s t` s `se}hs`s g ` a e sa ` s e j }ucg pue e q } e . n`q n`khtu j`kmg +

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25/71


26/71

Uk` vey } e snhk`mg e j } s ` c ` i g agk j ` òu i ` g e j ` q ` * qe vg jve s ` ` a e s a ` s ` j ` j j `n` l ` q } ` h k a `kme q a eka h ` 0 t` s` n`}` s jg q nha sg g s o ` k h q ng q p u e t u m + e 41 k e g k } ` o h } s e 0 ne m hg +J` òu i ` g e j ` q` qe ag j ga` s k agk s e qt e a }g ` j ` j j `n` * t` s ` .q e s e q } e s h j h y ` m ` q * agk uk kou jg me =5 là h ` `c` ig x ` q } `nc h k a ` j e k } ` s j ` t ` s } e h k f e s h g s m e j n`kog+Ek e j a`qg me u q ` s t h t e } ` q eq}shjeq* qe `c qg sce s ` } s ` v q me j} ` tgka h } g me ` j ogmk * pue t sg } eoe e j e| } seng q u t e s h g s * te sg `k } e q x meqtuq me u q ` s j ` qe f j `ne` s ` j ` j j `n` * ek } gm` qu j gk o h } u m * agk mgq g } s e q t ` q ` m ` q +

Me i ` s ukgq q ewkmg q pue qee k f s e + t` s ` e v h } ` s j ` nues .}e me jg q nha sgg so`k h qngq *

/# x nhek } s ` q * qe n`k } ekm s a e s a` me j ` j j `n` me j nealesg *t` s ` pue kg qe agk }`nhke +Uk` vey u q`m` q * q e m etg q h } ` kek uk s e a h t h e k } e ek auxg .fgkmg l`c s uk ` k } h q t } h a g +

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27/71

J`q t j `a` q me Te } s h * q e s k ek } s e ` c h e s } ` q g `c h e s } ` q e j } h entgnkhng s epue s h mg ek j` q n`khtu j`a hgkeq x mek }sg m e j a`ntg me} s ` c ` i g +

++ +\. . +{ '

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28/71

E\@NEK ME NHASGGSO@KHQNGQ EK EQ]@MG FSEQAG

Ej e|`nek me jg q nhasggso`k hqngq ` j e q } `mg f s e q ag I qe s e ` j h y àg jga`kmg uk` qu qtek q h k me e j j g q * e k } s e uk tg s } ` x uk auc s e +Qe mece e|`nhk`s jg q au j } h vg q i vekeq x v h e i g q * tueq tueme .l`ce s a`nchgq ngs fg j o h ag q +Ek e q } ` fg sn` * qe gc qe sv ` e j `qtea }g a e j u j ` s j ` ng} h j h m `m gùqeka h` me j ` nhqn`* j ` q m hnekq hgkeq x e j ngmg me ò s ut` s q e +

Qgjua hk Shkoes 0 '= 9

AHKÀHB 8 o s q +4 /=3 o s q +

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J` n`xgs ` me e q } g q agk } `mg s e q agk q h q } ek * ek uk` an`s` me } e j e v h q h k t` s` me } e a } ` s j ` q ag jgk h ` q me uk` t j ` a ` me Te } s h h j un h . k`m` x me uk` tepuefh` agntu}`mgs` e j e a } s k h a ` t` s ` j ` m e } e a a h k *s eauek }g x a gk } s g j +Uk h k agkvek h ek } e eq( pue e j agk }`mgs m e } e a } ` agng ag j gk h ` q * hntu.s e y ` q * tg s a h gke q me nemhg q hk m h q g j v e s * cu scu i ` q me ` h s e * tesge q }g qe qute s ` q h qe } s ` c ` i ` c h ek * x qe } h e k e au h m`mg +G}sg h k agkvek h ek } e pue kg } h e k e }`k f a h j q g j u a h k * eq e j pue .e j agk }`mgs me } e a } ` ag jgk h ` q tepuef h q hn`q * fg sn`m`q ` veaeq tgscà } e s h ` q } e sngm s h a ` q pue kg tueme ve s e j g ig lun`kg* ek }gkaeqjg q s e q u j } ` m g q kg qgk aant`s`c je q + Ej m`}g m e j agk } `mg s q e s ` .nualg n`xgs I pue e j agk }eg n`ku` j + G} sg h k agkvek h ek } e e q { p u e jg qagk }`mgseq kg m h q } h kouek jg q a g jg s e q k h j ` q a gjg kh` q a g j g s e ` m ` q +J`q ag jgk h ` q me jg q nemhgq pue `cqg scek j ` ju y j agng e j ` o ` s *q h entse qgk mhfahjeq me agk } ` s * nhek } s ` q pue jg q m h fuqgq ' agngjg q nemhgq me ò` s agk j e ale * kg gf s eaek a g k } s ` q }e ek } s e j` q ag j gk h ` q x e j f gkmg +Tesg q h qe e j hn hk`k j ` q t j ` a ` q me T e } s h * pue t s e q ek } `k m h f h a u j }`m t` s` q e s agk } `m` q tg s uk a gk }` mg s ` u}gn }ha g * jg q s e q u j } ` m g qgc } ek hmg q * q gk }`k e|à }g q agng jg q agkqeou hmgq n`ku` jnek }e +G } s ` fgsn` me a gk } ` s j ` q a g j g k h ` q e q * e j s eauek }g e j e a } s k h a g menha sgag jgk h ` q * entje`kmg agk } `mg s e q me t ` s } a u j ` q +J`q nha sgag j gk h ` q a s eaek ek uk nemhg ku } s h } h v g q j h m g pue agk . } h e k e o e j ` } h k ` * qe h k auc` 34l + ` 34A+ Meqtuq qe fukme t` s` e js eauek }u *uq`kmg e j agk } `mg s me t` s } a u j ` q e j e a } s k h a g +Eq } e n}gmg } `nchk q h s v e i t ` s ` agk } ` s ag jgk h ` q me q ` s s g j j ` m ` q eknemhgq q e j e a } h v g q +

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{ { { { { { ! { W E { { W { { ! { { j { { W { { W ! { { { { + ,g seauek }g m ej knesg nq tsg c`c je * KNT( M` uk` hme` ` t s g | h n ` m ` { m e j k 3 me a j u j ` q v h v ` q + t s e {qek }e q ek uk` nueq } s ` pue tuemek n uj } h t j h a ` s q e ek uk nemhg j { puhmg me }e snhk`mg + Qe e j h oe uk nemhg j pu hmg pue agk } s hcux` ` ja sea hnhek }g me jg q nhasggso`khqngq pue qe e q } k eq }um h`kmg + Eq.}e n}gmg qe u } h j h y ` t` s` nueq}s`q agk c` ig agk }ek hmg me nhasggso`kh qngq * x q h kg l`x pue làes m h jua hgke q +Jgq } ucgq pue agk } hekek e j nemhg qe q hencs`k + tg s e i e n t j g { a g k . jnj + me j ` q m h j ua hgke q quaeq hv` q me j` nueq } s ` + Meqtuq me j` h ka uc à h6 k *q e ` kg }` j ` m h jua h6k nq ` j } ` g qe` j ` pue } h eke ukàgkaek } s à h6k nq c` i` Iek j ` pue l`x a s ea hnhek }g * jg au ` j * tesnh }e a { j e k } ` s e j kme cà } e s h ` q agk }ek hm`q ek j ` nueq } s ` g s h o h k ` j +

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t`s } h s ` j0U1 me j'jg #ae/ j ` qg ju a hk n`mse g s h o h k ` j + En `ncgq AC .qg q ag oe s`n gq 0 n^m h j u a h g k e q +

me j ` qu qt ek q hk x tsgaeme s `ngq ` l`a e s

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Ek e j a`qg me l`ae s nq me 1 I h j u a h gke q agk qeau } h v ` q * q jg qeagk q h m e s `k q h o k h f h a ` } h v g q jg q s e q u j } ` m g q me } s e q me j ` q m h j u .a h gke q q u a e q h v ` q * mece e j e o h s q e j ` m h j u a h k pue m` e j s e q u j } ` .mg tg q h } h vg nq ` j } g * x j ` q mgq m h j u a h g k e q n`xgseq pue j ` qh.ouek +@ veaeq qe tueme h k g au j ` s j ` q m h j u a h g k e q ek nemhg q j h m g q g q enh q j h mg q + Ej t sgae qg eq e j nhqng'qe nh s ` s q h l` l`c hmg me .q ` s s g j j g ek jg q } s e q } ucgq me a`m` m h j u a h k x qe `kg } ` me j `nhqn` n`kes` pue au`kmg e j nemhg me au j } h vg e q j p u h mg +

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]`cj` t`s` l ` j j ` s e j Knesg Nq T s g { c j e ,KNT( t` s` 0 o s + me nueq } s `...................................................................]ucgq tg q h } h vg q +]ucgq tg q h } h vg q ]ucgq tg q h } h vg q ]ucgq tg q h } h vg q

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Técnicas Generales en Microbiología