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resent Simplestructura

Afrmativa: el Presente Simple se construye con el infnitivo del verbo sin to. La orma verbal es la misma paraodas las personas excepto para la 3 del singular (he she it! en la "ue se a#ade una $s al fnal.jemplo: to believe I believe he believes

Reglas ortogrfcaspara la ormaci%n de la tercera persona del singular:. Si el verbo acaba en $o 's 'ss 'sh 'ch 'x se a#ade 'es.Ejemplos: do does focus focuses

discuss discusses push pushescatch catches fax faxes

. Si el verbo acaba en 'y precedida de vocal se a#ade una 's.

Ejemplos: enjoy enjoys pay pays. Si el verbo acaba en 'y precedida de consonante la 'y se convierte en ') y se a#ade una 's.Ejemplos: study studies y ies

. +ay verbos "ue no siguen ninguna de las reglas anteriores. Son excepciones "ue hay "ue memori,ar.Ejemplos: have has be is

egativa: la orma negativa se construye colocando los auxiliares dont, doesntdelante del verbo principaldoesntt para la 3 persona del singular dontpara el resto de las personas!.

Ejemplos: I dont remember Jane doesnt like jazznterrogativa: se construye colocando los auxiliares do, doesdelante del su-eto (doespara la 3 persona delngular dopara el resto! al "ue sigue el infnitivo del verbo sin toEjemplos: !o you believe in "hosts# !oes he understand En"lish#

sosl presente simple se utili,a para hablar de

h/bitos y actividades "ue se reali,an con regularidad. Ejemplo: I play tennis evey summer afrmaciones sobre hechos "ue se consideran ciertos. Ejemplo: $ater boils at %&&'(

acontecimientos programados para el uturo. Ejemplo: )er train arrives at %%*&

resent Continuousstructura

Afrmativa: el Present 0ontinuous se construye con el presente del verbo to be seguido de la orma en $ing delerbo principal.Ejemplo: to think I am thinkin" )e is thinkin"

Reglas ortogrfcasrelativas a las ormas en 'ing:. Si el verbo acaba en consonante 1 e la vocal fnal desaparece antes de a#adir $ing.

Ejemplos: hide hidin" shine shinin". Si el verbo acaba en $y esta se mantiene delante de $ing.

Ejemplos: enjoy enjoyin" pay payin". Si el verbo acaba en $ie estas dos vocales se transorman en una $y antes de a#adir $ing.

Ejemplos: die dyin" lie lyin". Si el verbo es monos2labo y acaba en vocal 1 consonante la consonante fnal se duplica

antes de a#adir $ing.Ejemplos: "et "ettin" plan plannin"

. Si el verbo tiene m/s de dos s2labas y acaba en vocal acentuada 1 consonante laconsonante fnal se duplica antes de a#adir $ing.Ejemplos: for"et for"ettin" admit admittin"

. Si el verbo acaba en $l esta consonante se duplica antes de a#adir $ing.Ejemplo: travel travellin"

egativa: la orma negativa se construye con el presente del verbo to beseguido de noty la orma en +in"del

erbo principal.Ejemplos: I am not Im not- listenin" to you .ouis is not isnt- /atchin" 01nterrogativa: se construye colocando el presente del verbo to beal comien,o de la rase seguido del su-eto ya orma en +in"del verbo principal.

Ejemplos: 2re you learnin" 3erman# Is he /orkin" hard#sosl Present 0ontinuous se utili,a para hablar de

acciones "ue est/n sucediendo en el momento en "ue se habla. Ejemplo: )es havin" breakfast inthe kitchen

situaciones transitorias. Ejemplo: $ere stayin" /ith friends for a/eeek

planes de uturo. Ejemplo: $ere leavin" at 4*&

VERBOS DE ESADO !un"erstan"# $no%# li$e# &'structura ( usosay verbos "ue casi nunca se utili,an enpresent continuous , present perfect continuousorpast continuous. Son

os llamados 5verbos de estado6 o state verbs. Los m/s comunes son los siguientes: 7erbos "ue expresan pensamientos y opiniones: understand, kno/, remember, believe, for"et

7erbos "ue expresan gustos y preerencias: like, love, prefer, hate.

7erbos "ue expresan estado y posesi%n: be, o/n.

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* BAC+I,,ERAO- . PRESEN ENSES

. 8r 0ooper al9ays..a pound o sugar. (buy!

. ;he shop assistant.the door no9. (evin and ?lan live 9ith their aunt this month. (live!

. Loo@A Breddyt9o bas@ets. (carry!

. 8rs Cingham..shopping every Saturday. (go!

. 8r Doot al9aysa box o eggs beore buying them. (open!

. 8um otenher change. (orget!

. ListenA ;he manager.to a customer. (tal@!

. ) thin@ ).."uite hard this term. (study!H. very Sunday theytennis. (play!

/oose t/e correct option0. IeJJJJJJJJJJJJo buying a ne9 car. a! are thin@ing b! thin@. ;he 9aiter JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJthe 9ine and it seems it is good. a! 9ill taste b! tastes c! isasting. ? coKee JJJJJJJJJJJJgood ater a meal. a! tastes b! is tasting c! has tasted. )JJJJJJJJJJJJJJyou very much. ) 9ant to be your boyriend a! am li@ing b! li@e c! 9ill li@e. 8ary JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJa ne9 boy at the moment. +e is Polish. a! is seeing b! see c! has seen. onMt tal@ to me no9. )JJJJJJJJJJJJJto the radio. a! am listening b! listen c!ave listened. +o9 JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJtoday N 8uch better really. a! are you eeling b! do you eelc! did

ou eel. )JJJJJJJJJJJJJthe best 9ay to travel is on oot. a! thin@ b! am thin@ing

!Dight no9 ) (9atch!.a movie. ) (9atch!..a lot omovies.

!Dic@ie (be!.my riend. Ie (li@e!to tal@ together. Dight no9 9e (tal@!..about school.

!;he police oOcer (9ear!..a badge and a gun to 9or@ every day.!aime usually (eat!.cereal or brea@ast but today he (eat!atmeal instead.!?lison and ) (study!..or the exam. Ie (not 9ant!

..to ail itA!onas (sing!in the band. 7eda (play!.the guitar.!8y uncle (live!.in ;ennessee. ) (live!..in =orth 0arolina.!8y mom (coo@!.dinner tonight. (Qou 9ant!to eat

9ith usN!;iKany and 8ar@ (travel!..to Spain this summer.H!Ie (read!.the ne9spaper every morning.

A re$$ing 1ournalovember & &GGEoday (be!the second day o my tre@ around 8ount ?nnapurna. ) am exhausted and my legssha@e!...R ) -ust hope ) am able to complete the tre@. 8y eet (@ill really!

.me and my toes (bleed! but ) (9ant still!.to continue.

epal is a ascinating country but ) have a great deal to learn. verything (be!..so diKerent and(try!..to adapt to the ne9 9ay o lie here. ) (learn!..a little bit ohe language to ma@e communication easierR unortunately ) (learn not!oreignanguages "uic@ly. ?lthough ) (understand not!much yet ) believe that ) (improveradually!.

(travel currently!.9ith Liam a student rom Leeds niversity in ngland. +e (be!.a nice guy but impatient. +e (9al@ al9ays!..ahead o me andcomplain!.that ) am too slo9. ) (do!..my best to @eep up 9ith himut he is younger and stronger than ) am. 8aybe ) am -ust eeling sorry or mysel because ) am getting old.

ight no9 Liam (sit!..9ith the o9ner o the inn. ;hey (discuss!

..the diKerences bet9een lie in ngland and lie in =epal. ) (@no9 not!..the real name o the o9ner but everybody (call -ust!.himam. ;am (spea@!..nglish very 9ell and he (try!..to teach Liamome 9ords in =epali. very time ;am (say!.a ne9 9ord Liam (try!

to repeat it. nortunately Liam (seem also!to have diOcultyearning oreign languages. ) -ust hope 9e donMt get lost and have to as@ or directions.