197
giorgi asaTaSvili
saqarTvelos parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana
– nabiji regionalizmisaken Tu ubralod
adgilsamyoflis cvlileba
giorgi asaTaSvili
ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis
me-3 kursis studenti.
abstraqti
2012 wlis saqarTvelos saparlamento arCevnebis Sedegebis gamocxadebis Semdeg Za-
laSi Sevida sakonstitucio cvlileba, romlis Tanaxmadac, saqarTvelos parlamentis
plenaruli sxdomebis Catarebis adgilad ganisazRvra qalaqi quTaisi. dRes parlamenti
marTlac funqcionirebs quTaisSi, Tumca deputatTa mniSvnelovan nawils aqvs mosa-
zreba, rom parlamenti isev TbilisSi unda dabrundes. cnobilia, rom msoflioSi arse-
bobs iseTi qveynebi, romelTa parlamentebi, mTavrobebi, prezidentis aparatebi an sasa-
marTloebi sxvadasxva qalaqebSi mdebareoben da funqcionireben. zogjer aseT qalaqebs
dedaqalaqis statusi aqvT, xolo Tu ara aqvT maSin maT defaqto dedaqalaqebs uwo-
deben. Cemi mizania gamovarkvio, Tu ra miznebi an mizezebi aqvs msoflios qveynebis mier
xelisuflebis StoTa amgvar teritoriul gadanawilebas da xom ar aqvs amas erTgvari
decentralizaciis funqcia? aseve Sevecdebi ganvmarto decentralizaciis arsi da ganv-
sazRvro, ramdenadaa SesaZlebeli decentralizaciaze saubari parlamentis, mTavrobis,
prezidentis aparatis an sasamarTlos sxvadasxva qalaqSi ganTavsebisas.
SedarebiT-samarTlebriv safuZvelze kargad gamoCndeba, ramdenad aris quTaisis par-
lamentis adgilmdebareobis cvlileba saqarTveloSi decentralizaciis wina piroba da
rogori statusi unda hqondes quTaiss. aseve mizanSewonilia Tu ara saqarTvelos par-
lamentis kvlav TbilisSi gadmotana. qarTuli konstituciuri samarTali aqamde ar ic-
nobda xelisuflebis StoTa teritoriul gadanawilebas da am cvlilebiT faqtobrivad
axali midgoma dainerga qarTul sakonstitucio samarTalSi. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT
qarTul sazogadoebaSic azrTa sxvadasxvaobaa. Tumca mimaCnia rom parlamentis adgil-
198
giorgi asaTaSvili
mdebareobasTan dakavSirebuli problemis ganxilva samarTlebriv WrilSi arc ise xSi-
rad xdeba da Cemi msjelobiT SevZleb garkveuli mniSvnelobis samarTlebrivi daskvnebi
gavakeTo. saqarTvelos konstitucias qarTuli sazogadoebis cxovrebisaTvis arc Tu ise
mcire mniSvneloba aqvs, gansakuTrebiT imas eqceva yuradReba, Tu rogor sruldeba am
kanonis debulebebi realur cxovrebaSi. zemoT ganxiluli cvlileba marTlac ganxor-
cielda da parlamenti dRes quTaisSi funqcionirebs, Tumca arsebobs argumentacia imis
Sesaxeb, rom konstituciis Canaweri unda Seicvalos. sainteresoa ra aris am cvlilebis
ganxorcielebis samarTlebrivi safuZveli. is, rom parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana ufro
did xarjebTanaa dakavSirebuli mTlad Rirebul samarTlebriv argumentad ver Cai-
Tvleba. maS ratom warmoiSva msgavsi problema? me aseve Sevecdebi am kiTxvaze pasuxis
gacemasac.
bolo xanebSi saqarTvelos konstituciam mravali cvlileba ganicada. Tumca mizani
erTia, rom qarTvel xalxs unda hqondes iseTi konstitucia, romelic iqneba demokra-
tiuli da progresuli. aris Tu ara parlamentis adgilmdebareobis cvlileba nabiji
demokratiisa da progresisaken, Tu es mxolod fasaduri movlenaa da arafers cvlis
qveynis winsvlisa da ganviTarebis gzaze? swored am sakiTxs Seexeba Cemi msjelobis bolo
nawili, ramdenad progresuli movlenaa parlamentis adgilmdebareobis cvlileba.
Sesavali
saqarTvelos konstituciaSi 2009 wlis 24 seqtembers Sevida cvlileba, kerZod,
konstitucias daemata 481 muxli, romlis mixedviTac, saqarTvelos parlamentis adgil-
samyoflad ganisazRvra qalaqebi – Tbilisi da quTaisi, xolo 2011 wlis 1 ivliss moxda
am cvlilebis modificireba da parlamentis adgilsamyofeli gaxda mxolod qalaqi qu-
Taisi. es muxli ZalaSi Sevida saqarTvelos centraluri saarCevno komisiis mier 2012
wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Semajamebeli oqmis gamoqveynebis Semdeg. saqarTvelos
parlamenti amJamad funqcionirebs qalaq quTaisSi, Tumca saparlamento umravlesobis
mier SemuSavebulia kanonproeqti, romelic konstituciidan 481 muxlis amoRebas iTva-
liswinebs.
saqarTvelos uaxles istorias Tu gadavxedavT, Tbilisi mudmivad iyo ekonomikuri,
kulturuli da politikuri centri. Cveni qveynis mier sabWoTa kavSirisagan damoukide-
blobis mopovebis Semdeg misi roli kidev ufro gaizarda, Tumca sxva qalaqebis aqtivoba
metismetad Semcirda. swored regionebis rolis gazrdisa da xelisuflebis danawilebis
principisaTvis regionalizmis elementebis miniWebis mizniT iyo gamarTlebuli parla-
199
saqarTvelos parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana – nabiji regionalizmisaken Tu ubralod adgilsamyoflis cvlileba
mentis quTaisSi gadatana1. cnobilia, rom msoflios sxva qveynebSic arsebobs praqtika,
rodesac saxelmwifo organoebi sxvadasxva qalaqSia ganlagebuli. ratom iReben saxelm-
wifoebi aseT gadawyvetilebas? unda gamoiyenos Tu ara saqarTvelom msgavsi midgoma da
ras moutans Cvens samSoblos amgvari teritoriuli gadanawileba? amavdroulad, unda
Sefasdes, amarTlebs Tu ara parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana im miznebs, rac lokalur
doneze saqarTvelos xelisuflebas gaaCnda amgvari gadawyvetilebis miRebisas. mxed-
velobidan ar unda gamogvrCes axali kanonproeqti, romlis daniSnulebac konstitu-
ciidan 481 muxlis amoRebaa. sainteresoa, ram ganapiroba xelisuflebaSi saparlamento
umravlesobiT mosuli axali politikuri Zalis mier amgvari cvlilebis momzadeba da
ra argumentacia arsebobs am kanonproeqtis mxardasaWerad? saboloo jamSi, unda dad-
gindes: ramdenad Seuwyobs xels parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana saqarTvelos samomavlo
ekonomikur winsvlas, daaCqarebs Tu ara qveynis progress demokratiis ganviTarebis
kuTxiT. aseve mniSvnelovania parlamentis TbilisSi dabrunebis sakiTxi.
qveynebi ramdenime dedaqalaqiT
msoflios saxelmwifoTa umravlesobas erTi dedaqalaqi aqvs, romelSic mdebareobs
xelisuflebis yvela organo. Zlier mcirea im saxelmwifoTa CamonaTvali, romelTac
ramdenime qalaqSi moaxdines xelisuflebis StoTa teritoriuli gadanawileba. aseTi
qveynebis ricxvs miekuTvnebian: Cile, benini, bolivia, svazilendi da samxreT afrikis
respublika2. saqarTvelos parlamentis adgilmdebareobis cvlilebis mxardasaWer ar-
gumentebad 2009 welsve3, moyvanil iqna niderlandebis magaliTi, romlis mixedviTac,
parlamentis adgilsamyofeli dedaqalaq amsterdamSi ki ara, qalaq haagaSia. aRiniSna,
rom SveicariaSi 1999 wels parlamentis sxdomebi tardeboda q. JenevaSi, xolo 2001
wels – luganoSi. xazi gaesva samxreT afrikis, Cilesa da filipinebis gamocdilebasac
da maT motivacias, maqsimalurad izrunon qveynis yvela regionis Tanabar ganviTarebaze
da Sida ekonomikur-politikur procesebSi srulad CarTulobaze.
1 ixileT 2011 wlis saqarTvelos konstituciuri kanonis «saqarTvelos konstituciaSi damatebis Setanis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos konstituciur kanonSi cvlilebis Setanis Taobaze» kanonproeqtis ganmartebiTi baraTi. wyaro: https://matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=1331150.2 http://geography.about.com/od/politicalgeography/a/multiplecapital.htm.3 saubaria 2009 wlis saqarTvelos konstituciuri kanonis „saqarTvelos konstituciaSi damatebis Setanis Sesaxeb“ kanonproeqtis ganmartebiT baraTze, romelic konstituciaSi parlamentis adgilsamyoflad adgenda rogorc Tbiliss, ise quTaiss. wyaro: http://www.parliament.ge/newsletter/2009/21.07.2009/drafts/konst1.htm.
200
giorgi asaTaSvili
samxreT afrikis respublika da sqarTvelo
miuxedavad sxva qveynebis magaliTisa, mimaCnia, rom yvelaze saintereso da gamosadegi
saqarTvelosTvis samxreT afrikis magaliTia. samxreT afrikis respublika sakmaod gan-
viTarebuli da demokratiuli qveyanaa, Tanac sami dedaqalaqi aqvs, romelTagan erTSi
ganTavsebulia sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba, meoreSi sasamarTlo da mesameSi aRmasrule-
beli. es qalaqebia: keiptauni, blumfonteini da pretoria4. amgvari gadanawileba exmiane-
ba qarTul realobasac, radgan amJamad saqarTvelos mTavroba da uzenaesi sasamarTlo
TbilisSi funqcionirebs, sakonstitucio sasamarTlo baTumSi mdebareobs, xolo saka-
nonmdeblo organo quTaisSia ganTavsebuli. iseve rogorc saqarTvelos konstitucia,
samxreT afrikis konstituciac Seicavs Canawers parlamentis adgilmdebareobis Sesaxeb5.
qveynebs Soris aris gansxvavebac, radgan, rogorc aRiniSna, samxreT afrikis am qalaqebs
dedaqalaqebis statusi aqvT, xolo saqarTveloSi dedaqalaqis statusiT mxolod Tbi-
lisi sargeblobs. sxva qveynebs rac Seexeba, maTi umetesoba saqarTvelos sakmaod Camou-
vardeba demokratiulobisa da ganviTrebis xarisxiT. xolo niderlandebis dedaqalaq
amsterdamSi saerTod ar funqcionirebs saxelisuflo organoebi da maTi adgilsamyo-
feli haagaSia.
samxreT afrikis respublikis politikur-ekonomikuri cxovreba, istoria da kultura
bevrad gansxvavdeba qarTuli realobisgan. miuxedavad amisa, ar iqneboda urigo, Tu
gavecnobodiT samxreT afrikis sakmaod mdidar gamocdilebas da im Sedegebs, rac xeli-
suflebis organoTa teritoriulma gadanawilebam gamoiwvia.
samxreT afrikis respublikis saxelmwifo organoTa teritoriuli gadanawileba
jer kidev 1909 wels samxreT afrikis aqtiT ganisazRvra samxreT afrikis respubli-
kis sami dedaqalaqis sakiTxi: mTavrobis adgilsamyoflad dadginda qalaqi pretoria,
parlamentis – keiptauni da sasamarTlosi – blumfonteini.
rogorc vxedavT, saxelmwifo organoTa sxvadasxva qalaqSi ganTavsebis mxriv samxreT
afrika Tavis kurss uryevad inarCunebs. magram 1990 wlidan samxreT afrikaSi poli-
4 Simon Bekkerand/ Göran Therborn, Power and Powerlessness Capital Cities In Africa, South African capital cities, 2012, 168. samxreT afrikis sakonstitucio sasamarTlo qalaq iohanesburgSi mdebareobs, xolo danarCeni sasamarTlo organoebi dedaqalaq blumfonteinSi. ase rom, am mxrivac pirdapiri msgavsebaa saqarTvelosTan.5 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, CHAPTER 4 PARLIAMENT, 42) Composition of Parliament,(6).
201
saqarTvelos parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana – nabiji regionalizmisaken Tu ubralod adgilsamyoflis cvlileba
tikosTa garkveuli wreebi mxars uWerdnen saparlamento dedaqalaq keiptaunisaTvis
statusis CamorTmevas. saqme imaSi gaxldaT, rom dasavleT keipis provinciis qalaqebSi
mcxovrebTa umravlesoba ar warmoadgenda mkvidr mosaxleobas da ZirZveli afrikelebi
umciresobas Seadgendnen. amitomac, wminda afrikuli warmomavlobis moqalaqeebis mi-
marT mtrul damokidebulebas didi gasaqani hqonda. Seqmnili viTareba demokratiisTvis
sazianod iqna miCneuli da keiptaunisaTvis dedaqalaqis statusis CamorTmevis sakiTxic
aqtualuri gaxda. miuxedavad amisa, cvlileba mainc ar ganxorcielda, radgan samxreT
afrikelebma am rTuli situaciidan gamosavali mxolod parlamentis adgilmdebareobis
SenarCunebaSi dainaxes. swored parlaments unda moexdina gavlena qalaqze, raTa igi
yofiliyo namdvili afrikuli qalaqi da ZirZveli mosaxleoba ar daCagruliyo6.
me-20 da 21-e saukuneebis gasayarze samxreT afrikis qalaq iohanesburgis centralur
raionebSi metad problemur sakiTxs warmoadgenda kriminalis maRali done da qaoturi,
ukontrolo viTareba. qalaqis centris mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad Camoyalibda spe-
cialuri proeqti, romlis farglebSi provinciul da municipalur doneze Seqmnilma
saagentoebma daiwyes qalaqis centris ganaxleba. am proeqtis dasaCqareblad ki demo-
kratiuli, axlad Seqmnili nacionaluri xelisuflebis instituti, sakonstitucio sasa-
marTlo gamoiyenes7.
samxreT afrikis magaliTi cxadyofs, rom saxelmwifo organoTa daniSnuleba ara mxo-
lod mmarTvelobiTi saqmianobis ganxorcieleba SeiZleba iyos, aramed im konkretul
regionsa Tu qalaqze dadebiTi zegavlenis moxdenac, romelSic isini mdebareoben. dasa-
vleT keipis provinciaSi warmoSobili problemebis gadaWris gzad swored parlamen-
tis adgilsamyofeli iqna miCneuli. igive ganmeorda iohanesburgSic da dRes situacia
gamosworebulia. radgan samxreT afrika eTnikurad mravalferovani qveyanaa, misi socia-
luri garemos specifikuri maxasiaTeblebis Seswavla arc Tu ise advilia, Sesabamisad,
rTulia imis Tqma, namdvilad saxelmwifo organoebis mdebareobam ganapiroba Tu ara
raime pozitiuri cvlileba. Tumca naTelia, rom amas arc uaryofiTi Sedegi moutania.
samxreT afrikis warmatebuli gamocdileba ver iqneba imis garanti, rom saxelisuflo
institutis dedaqalaqidan gadatana saqarTveloSic gaamarTlebs. unda ganisazRvros
sasargebloa Tu ara amgvari cvlilebebi Cveni qveynisaTvis. risTvisac kargi iqneboda,
Tu Sefasdeboda is miznebi da mizezebi, rac parlamentis quTaisSi gadatanis ganmapiro-
bebeli faqtori gaxda.
6 Simon Bekkerand/Göran Therborn, Power and Powerlessness Capital Cities In Africa, South African capital cities, 2012, 175.7 iqve, 176.
202
giorgi asaTaSvili
ganmartebiTi baraTi
rogorc aRiniSna konstituciis Canaweri, parlamentis quTaisSi gadatanasTan dakav-
SirebiT, orjer Seicvala. pirveli Canaweris mixedviT, parlaments Tavisi uflebamo-
sileba unda ganexorcielebina Tbilissa da quTaisSi, xolo bolo Canaweris Tanaxmad,
parlamentis adgilsamyofeli mxolod qalaqi quTaisi gaxda. „saqarTvelos konstitu-
ciaSi damatebis Setanis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos konstituciur kanonSi cvlilebis Setanis
Taobaze“ kanonproeqtis ganmartebiT baraTSi mocemulia quTaisSi parlamentis gadata-
nis miznebi. es kanonproeqti Seiqmna, rom parlamentis adgilsamyofeli mxolod qalaqi
quTaisi gamxdariyo. ganmartebiT baraTSi kanonproeqtis miznebi asea gadmocemuli: „ka-
nonproeqtis mizania rogorc xelisuflebis samarTliani danawilebis principisTvis re-
gionalizmis elementebis miniWeba – politikur-ekonomikur procesebSi regionebis ro-
lis gazrda, aseve saqarTvelos uZvelesi istoriul-kulturuli memkvidreobis centris
– quTaisis rolis metad warmoCineba, misi statusis amaRleba da dasavleT saqarTvelos
mosaxleobis politikur procesebSi ufro aqtiuri CarTva. amasTan, sakanonmdeblo aq-
tivobis mxolod erT qalaqSi koncentrireba xels Seuwyobs sakanonmdeblo saqmianobis
srulyofilebas da stabilurobas, dedaqalaqsa da regionebs Soris politikuri, ekono-
mikuri, socialuri da kulturuli damokidebulebis balanss, parlamentis rolis gazr-
das, kanonis pativiscemis ganmtkicebas, dasavleT saqarTveloSi sajarosamarTlebrivi
momsaxurebis xarisxis da administraciuli resursis gaumjobesebas, transportisa da
infrastruqturis ganviTarebas, sainvesticio sferos gafarToebas“.
ganmartebiTi baraTis analizisas ikveTeba, rom xelisuflebas surda quTaisSi parla-
mentis gadataniT saqarTveloSi Seeqmna Tbilisis alternatiuli politikur-ekonomiku-
ri centri, romelic, dedaqalaqs gauwevda konkurencias da met SesaZleblobas gauCenda
dasavleT saqarTvelos mkvidrT. ganxorcieldeba ki parlamentis quTaisSi gadataniT es
mizani? amis gasarkvevad cal-calke unda Sefasdes im miznebis ganxorcielebis SesaZle-
bloba, romelic ganmartebiT baraTSia dafiqsirebuli.
regionalizmi da misi elementebi
Tavdapirvelad ganmartebiT baraTSi gvxvdeba saintereso fraza – «xelisuflebis sa-
marTliani danawilebis principisTvis regionalizmis elementebis miniWeba» – gasagebia,
rom parlamentma unda uzrunvelyos regionalizmis gaZliereba dasavleT saqarTveloSi,
magram regionalizmis romeli elementebi unda vigulisxmoT? zogadad regionalizmi
farTo terminia da sakmaod bevri elementi aqvs. am konkretul SemTxvevaSi ganxilvis
203
saqarTvelos parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana – nabiji regionalizmisaken Tu ubralod adgilsamyoflis cvlileba
sagani Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi regionalizmis institutia, romelic gulisxmobs regioni-
saTvis meti avtonomiurobis miniWebas da qveyanaSi mmarTvelobiTi sistemis gaumjobese-
bas8. regionalizmi SeiZleba gamoixatos politikuri procesebis gamWvirvalobisa da am
procesebSi farTo CarTulobis uzrunvelyofaSi, politikuri sistemis integraciaSi,
konfliqtebis mowesrigebasa Tu qveynis regionebs Soris uTanasworobis aRmofxvraSi.
regionalizmi aseve xasiaTdeba decentralizaciiTa da dekoncentraciiT9.
decentralizacia
qarTveli politikosebisgan xSirad ismoda gancxadebebi, rom quTaisSi parlamentis
gadatanas xeli unda Seewyo decentralizaciisaTvis. decentralizacia marTlac aris
regionalizmis Semadgeneli elementi. decentralizacia viwro gagebiT qveynis SigniT
TviTmmarTveli administraciul-teritoriuli erTeulebis Seqmnas gulisxmobs, rom-
lebic isargebleben administraciuli avtonomiiT xelisuflebis mimarT (xelisufle-
baTa vertikaluri danawileba)10. decentralizacia farTo gagebiT moicavs dekoncentra-
ciasac11. zogjer dekoncentracias administraciul decentralizacias uwodeben da am
terminSi moiazreben ufelbamosilebebis gazrdas centraluri xelisuflebisadmi daq-
vemdebarebuli teritoriuli organoebisaTvis (samxareo da adgilobrivi organoebi)12.
miuxedavad amisa, iuridiul literaturSi arsebobs gansxvavebuli mosazreba, romlis
mixedviTac. dekoncentraciisa da decentralizaciis centrebi erTmaneTisagan mkacrad
unda gaimijnos13.
kanonproeqtis ganmartebiTi baraTis miznebSi namdvilad ar fiqsirdeba TviTmmarT-
veli erTeulebisaTvis meti avtonomiurobis miniWebis mizani, Sesabamisad, miswrafeba
viwro gagebiT decentralizaciisaken. Tumca zogierTi konstitucionalisti am cvlile-
bis ganxorcielebis miznebs pirdapir ukavSirebs saxelisuflebo funqciebis vertikalur
danawilebas adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebsa da centralur xelisuflebas
Soris14. miuxedavad imisa, rom decentralizacia viwro da farTo gagebiT regionaliz-
8 g. xubua, federalizmi, rogorc normatiuli principi da politikuri wesrigi, saia, Tbilisi, 2000,66.9 iqve,63-64. SedarebisTvis ixileT: JOHN P. LEDONNE REGIONALISM AND CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM 1819-1826, Cahiers du Monde russe, 43/4, Avril-septembre 2003, 5.10 avTandil demetraSvili/irakli kobaxiZe, konstituciuri samarTali, Tbilisi, 2010,370-371.11 Ian Ferguson/Cherukat Chandrasekharan, Paths and Pitfalls of Decentralisation for Sustainable Forest Management: Experiences of the Asia-Pacific Region,ITTO Tropical Forest Update 14/3 2004, 3.12 Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Decentralisation and local self-government, Decentralisation in German development cooperation, 4. ixileT aseve: http://www.cifor.org/publications/pdf_files/interlaken/Compilation.pdf13 avTandil demetraSvili/irakli kobaxiZe, konstituciuri samarTali, Tbilisi, 2010,370-371.14 daviT wereTeli, Tbilisi, 2013 wlis 23 ianvari. wyaro: http://constitution.ge/statiebi/daviT-wereTeli/.
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giorgi asaTaSvili
mis Semadgeneli elementia, parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana saerTod ar isaxavda miznad
TviTmmarTvel erTeulebsa da centralur xelisuflebas Soris kompetenciaTa gadanawi-
lebas. „politikur-ekonomikur procesebSi regionebis rolis gazrda“ zogadi mizania
da ver iqneba viwro gagebiT decentralizaciisaken miswrafeba. am mizans ufro metad
Seesabameba dekoncentraciis instituti, romelic xelisuflebisadmi daqvemdebarebu-
li regionaluri organoebis gaZlierebas emsaxureba. swored amitom, saubari decen-
tralizaciaze parlamentis adgilmdebareobasTan mimarTebiT, SeiZleba mxolod zogad
konteqstSi warimarTos da moicavdes mxolod decentralizacias farTo gagebiT. Tu
decentralizaciisagan termin dekoncentracias gavmijnavT, maSin decentralizacia par-
lamentis adgilmdebareobasTan mimarTebiT saerTod aRar unda gamoviyenoT.
regionebis rolis gazrda da parlamentis adgilsamyofeli
politikur-ekonomikuri procesebis dinamika TbilisSi gacilebiT farTo da Zlieria
vidre saqarTvelos sxva regionebSi. amas adasturebs, magaliTad, Tbilisis mosaxleobis
raodenoba, romelic mudmivad izrdeba regionebis xarjze da 2012 wlis monacemebiT,
saqarTveloSi mcxovrebTa raodenobis meoTxeds Seadgens15. imave daskvnis gamotana SeiZ-
leba ganmartebiTi baraTidanac, romelic quTaisSi parlamentis gadatanas saqarTvelos
regionebis gamococxleba-gaaqtiurebas ukavSirebs. problemis arseboba naTelia, magram,
ramdenad gazrdis parlamentis adgilmdebareobis cvlileba dasavleT saqarTvelos re-
gionebis CarTulobas politikur-ekonomikur procesebSi? samxreT afrikis magaliTma
cxadyo, rom es SesaZlebelia, magram saqarTvelo gansxvavebuli specifikiT xasiaTdeba,
amitomac misi magaliTi mosalodneli Sedegebis srul prognozs ver mogvcems. pasuxi
unda veZeboT saqarTvelos parlamentis funqciebSi, rac dadgenilia saqarTvelos
konstituciiT. saqarTvelos konstituciis 48-e muxlis Tanaxmad, parlamenti axorcie-
lebs rogorc sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas, ise gansazRvravs qveynis saSinao da sagareo
politikis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs. rogorc vxedavT, swored parlamentia is organo,
romelic qveyanaSi politikuri procesebis mwarmoeblad miiCneva. ar unda dagvaviwydes
konstituciis is debulebebic, romlebic 2013 wlidan Sedis ZalaSi da saqarTvelos
parlaments, prezidentis xarjze, sagrZnoblad uzrdis uflebamosilebebs. 2013 wlis
Semdeg parlamenti xdeba mTavrobis makontrolebeli erTaderTi organo, rac mis rols
prezidentis institutze mniSvnelovans xdis. am situaciis fonze parlamenti marTlac
gamoacocxlebs dasavleT saqarTvelos regionebs. im adgilas, sadac maRali dinamikiT
mimdinareobs politikuri procesebi da xorcieldeba qveynis mTavrobaze kontroli,
15 http://geostat.ge/cms/site_images/_files/georgian/population/01%20saqarTvelos%20mosaxleobis%20ricxovnoba%20TviTmmarTve-li%20erTeulebis%20mixedviT%20%281%20ianvris%20mdgomareobiT%29%29.xls.
205
saqarTvelos parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana – nabiji regionalizmisaken Tu ubralod adgilsamyoflis cvlileba
aqtivoba regionuli masStabiT namdvilad gaizrdeba. am politikuri institutis ad-
gilmdebareoba aseve xels Seuwyobs stabilurobis gancdas, rac ekonomikur procesebis
aRmasvlasac gamoiwvevs. Tumca parlamentis quTaisSi gadatanam SesaZloa mokle droSi
verc moitanos navaraudevi Sedegebi da amas didi dro dasWirdes, magram garkveuli
progresi regionebis gaaqtiurebis mxriv mainc mosalodnelia.
quTaisis statusi da misi ganviTareba
rogorc ganmartebiTi baraTidan Cans parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana TviT am qalaqis
statusis amaRlebas da misi rolis gazrdas emsaxureba. konstituciis CanaweriT mxo-
lod parlamentis adgilsamyofelia gansazRvruli da quTaisis statuss igi ar adgens.
msoflioSi damkvidrebuli praqtikiT, parlamenti TiTqmis yovelTvis dedaqalaqSi fun-
qcionirebs, ase rom, SesaZloa quTaisma meore dedaqalaqis statusi SeiZinos. Tumca
statusis cvlileba politikur gadawyvetilebazea damokidebuli da mocemul momentSi
am Temaze saubari marTebuli ver iqneba. rac Seexeba quTaisis rolis gazrdas, aq Ziri-
Tadad unda vigulisxmoT quTaisis politikur-ekonomikuri aRmavloba da misi ganviTa-
reba. arsebobs mosazreba16, rom xsenebuli cvlileba quTaisis ganviTarebas didad ver
Seuwyobs xels da saxelmwifos mier am mimarTulebiT daxarjul saxsrebsa da Semosavals
Soris disproporcia fiqsirdeba. Tavisi poziciis mxardasaWerad avtori argumentad
iSveliebs baTumSi sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadatanis magaliTs da acxadebs, rom am
qmedebasac qalaq baTumis ganviTarebis mizani hqonda. Sesabamisad, kanonmdebels unda
daesabuTebina, Tu ra gavlena iqonia baTumze sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadatanam da,
radgan man es ar daasabuTa, quTaisis ganviTarebis konkretuli xedvac ar arsebobs. jer
unda momxdariyo imis dadgena, Tu ra iqneboda qalaqis ganviTarebis Sedegad miRebuli
mogeba da mxolod amis Semdeg SeiZleboda parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana.
saxelmwifos mier gatarebuli politika mizanmimarTuli da kompleqsuri unda iyos.
baTumis SemTxvevaSi swored amgvar politikasTan gvaqs saqme. erTi mxriv, baTumSi gada-
vida saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis organo – sakonstitucio sasamarTlo da, meore mxriv,
seriozuli fuladi investiciebi Caido mis ganviTarebaSi. mxolod sakonstitucio sa-
samarTlos gadataniT SesaZloa baTumis ganviTareba saerTodac ver daCqarebuliyo,
magram amas mohyva uaxlesi iusticiis saxlis gaxsna, axali sastumroebis mSenebloba da
sxva Tanamedrove sakurorto infrastruqturis ganviTareba. quTaisSi parlamentis ga-
datanac aseTive pirobebSi ganxorcielda. quTaisSi ganTavsda mniSvnelovani saxelmwifo
organoebi, magaliTad kontrolis palata, mniSvnelovnad Seicvala qalaqis iersaxe.
16 zurab jibRaSvili, wyaro: http://constitution.ge/statiebi/zurab jibRaSvili/.
206
giorgi asaTaSvili
quTaisis parlamentSi gadatanis sakiTxi ver iqneba mxolod viwro finansur xedvebze
damyarebuli, es im didi strategiis nawilia, romelic saqarTvelos regionebis gamoco-
cxlebasa da saqveyno cxovrebaSi maTi rolis gazrdas iTvaliswinebs.
rac Seexeba TviT qalaqis aRmavlobas, quTaisis mosaxleobas eZleva SesaZlebloba,
uSualod Caebas qveynisTvis mniSvnelovan politikur procesebSi da moaxdinos gavlena
qveynis sakanonmdeblo organos saqmianobaze. kerZod, politikosTa wreSi (politikosTa
umravlesoba dRes Tbilisidan aris an TbilisTanaa mWidrod dakavSirebuli) male gaci-
lebiT meti quTaiseli aRmoCndeba, vidre dRes aris. es ki TviTon qalaqis aRorZinebasac
uzrunvelyofs. rTulia imis Tqma, Tu ramdenad swrafad moxdeba quTaisSi politikuri
cxovrebis gamococxleba. amgvari midgomis gasaRebi swored parlamentis uflebamosi-
lebania. parlamenti iRebs kanonebs, rac udides gavlenas axdens qveynis yoveldRiur
cxovrebaze. xSiria SemTxveva, rodesac mosaxleoba ikribeba parlamentTan, gamoTqvams
protests an ubralod cdilobs xma miawvdinos parlamentarebs. amgvari situacia xels
uwyobs demokratiis ganviTarebasa da sazogadoebis met CarTulobas kanonSemoqmede-
biT saqmianobaSi. rodesac parlamenti TbilisSi iyo quTaisis mosaxleobas ar hqonda
uSualo Sexeba kanonSemoqmedebiT procesTan, magram Tu parlamenti quTaisSi iqneba misi
mosaxleobis politikuri Segnebis done amaRldeba da demokratiul procesebSi CarTvis
survilic gauZlierdeba. es qalaqi qveynis axali politikuri centri gaxdeba.
saqarTvelos uaxloes istorias Tu gadavxedavT, xelisuflebaze gavlenas ZiriTadad
qalaq Tbilisis mosaxleoba axdenda, radgan swored maTgan gamosuli politikosebi mar-
Tavdnen saqarTvelos. am yvelaferma ki dedaqalaqis ganviTarebaze dadebiTad imoqmeda.
dedaqalaqSi adamianebi uSualod xedavdnen, Tu rogor, ra gziT midioda qveynis ganvi-
Tareba, ra problemebi arsebobda da myisierad axdendnen reagirebas. raionebSi ki pro-
cesebi metismetad nela midioda. axla quTaissac eZleva Sansi, rom misi mcxovreblebi
moxvdnen qveynis mmarTvelobiT struqturebSi, aseTi pirebi ki sakuTari qalaqisaTvis
namdvilad bevrs gaakeTeben.
xelisuflebis StoTa TanamSromloba adgilmdebareobis cvlilebis fonze
parlamentis quTaisSi gadatanis mowinaaRmdegeTa kidev erTi argumenti mdgomareobs
imaSi, rom parlamentsa da mTavrobas Soris garkveuli teritoriuli manZili amcirebs
maT Soris TanamSromlobis efeqturobas. rac, saboloo jamSi. aferxebs saparlamento
207
saqarTvelos parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana – nabiji regionalizmisaken Tu ubralod adgilsamyoflis cvlileba
kontrolis ganxorcielebis process aRmasrulebel xelisuflebaze17. sawinaaRmdego
poziciis mqone pirTa argumenti is aris, rom XXI saukunis saqarTveloSi komunikaciis
sakmaod efeqturi saSualebebi arsebobs da komunikacia problemas ar warmoadgens18.
mimaCnia, rom komunikaciis problema martivad gadaiWreba, Tu TanamSromlobis politi-
kuri neba iarsebebs. es cxadyo samxreT afrikis gamocdilebamac. samxreT afrikam dRemde
SeinarCuna 1909 wlis aqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli teritoriuli mowyoba da yoveli wlis
dasawyisSi, rodesac saparlament o sesiebi iwyeba, pretoriidan keiptaunSi miemgzavreba
politikosebisa Tu sajaro mosamsaxureebis didi raodenoba. bevri parlamentari keip-
taunSi srul gadabargebas, parlamentis sxdomebis periodSi am or qalaqs Soris misvla-
mosvlas arCevs. Tanamedrove teqnologiebis ganviTarebis wyalobiT sahaero mgzavrobas
mxolod ori saaTi miaqvs, Tumca 50 wlis win amgvari gadaadgileba erT dReze met xans
grZeldeboda. miuxedavad amisa, samxreT afrikis mTavrobasa da parlaments adgilmde-
bareoba ar Seucvlia19. Tanamedrove epoqaSi komunikaciis saSualebebi daixvewa, amito-
mac parlamentsa da mTavrobas Soris TanamSromlobas xels veraferi SeuSlis, Tu amas
orive politikuri institutis warmomadgenlebi isurveben.
CamorCenis aRmofxvra ganviTarebaSi
minda yuradReba gavamaxvilo regionalizmis im elementze, romelic ganmartebiT ba-
raTSia asaxuli da qveynis regionebs Soris ganviTarebaSi disbalansis aRmofxvras gu-
lisxmobs. Cemi azriT, swored es aris quTaisSi parlamentis gadatanis umTavresi mizani.
saqme imaSia, rom Tbilisis ekonomikuri winsvla sakmaod SesamCnevia, magram imaves ver
vityviT verc saqarTvelos regionebze20 da verc konkretulad quTaisze21. saqarTvelos
teritoria sakmaod mcirea da sruliad marTebulia, rom mas erTi dedaqalaqi hqondes.
saqarTvelo rom Zlieri iyos da misi politikur – ekonomikuri cxovreba stabilurad
mimdinareobdes, maSin parlamentis gadatana quTaisSi gaumarTlebeli iqneboda. Tumca
dRes viTareba sxvagvaria: Cveni samSoblo ganviTarebadi qveynebis kategorias mieku-
Tvneba, Tanac gayinuli, dauregulirebeli teritoriuli konfliqtebiT, rac misi eko-
17 besik lolaZe, wyaro: http://constitution.ge/statiebi/besik-lolaZe/.18 giorgi mSvenieraZe, wyaro: http://constitution.ge/statiebi/giorgi-mSvenieraZe/.19 Simon Bekkerand/Göran Therborn, Power and Powerlessness Capital Cities In Africa, South African capital cities, 2012, 172-173.20 Ghia Nodia, What ‘Regionalism’Means in the Case of Georgia, Weakness of Internal Regions in Georgia. wyaro: http://www.b2match.eu/securingeurope/system/files/Georgia%20and%20regionalism%2011-07-05.pdf SedarebisTvis ixileT: Göran Therborn, Trans-caucasian Triptych, new left review 46, 2007,18.21 quTaisi mosaxleobis raodenobiT saqarTveloSi sididiT meore qalaqia, magram misi mosaxleobis raodenoba 5-6-jer naklebia dedaqalaqis mosaxleobis raodenobaze. wyaro: http://geostat.ge/cms/site_images/_files/georgian/population/01%20saqarTvelos%20mosaxleobis%20ricxovnoba%20TviTmmarTveli%20erTeulebis%20mixedviT%20%281%20ianvris%20mdgomareobiT%29%29.xls.
208
giorgi asaTaSvili
nomikuri winsvlisTvis sakmaod sazianoa. is, rac saqarTvelosTvis sasargeblo iqneba,
swrafi ganviTarebaa. swored am ganviTarebis xelSesawyobad ganxorcielda parlamentis
adgilmdebareobis cvlileba. Tu parlamentSi quTaisi kvlav darCeba, maSin, rogorc
zemoT aRvniSne, quTaisis ganviTareba Seuqcevadi gaxdeba. Tbilisi saqarTvelos ZirZ-
veli politikur – ekonomikuri centria da arc is daTmobs poziciebs. Sesabamisad,
warmoiSoba konkurencia Tbilissa da quTaiss Soris. swored jansaRi konkurencia aris
is, rac iwvevs ekonomikur winsvlas. saqarTveloSi gaCndeba ori Zlieri politikur-eko-
nomikuri centri dasavleT da aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, Tanac es moxdeba ara dayofis
da SuRlis gaRvivebiT, aramed qveynis konsolidaciiT da im politikuri institutebis
xarjze, romlebic Tavisi arsiT saxelmwifoebriobis da qveynis erTianobis simboloa.
axali kanonproeqti
parlamenti amJamad quTaisSi funqcionirebs, Tumca deputatTa mier SemuSavebulia ka-
nonproeqti, romlis mixedviTac igegmeba konstituciidan 481 muxlis amoReba22. am cvli-
lebis ganxorcieleba niSnavs imas, rom parlamentis adgilmdebareobis sakiTxi konsti-
tuciis regulirebis sferodan gava.
kanonproeqtis ganmartebiT baraTSi aRniSnulia, rom saqarTvelos konstitucia aqamde
ar Seicavda parlamentis adgilmdebareobis momwesrigebel normas da amgvari midgoma
dResac unda iqnes SenarCunebuli. vinaidan konstitucia saqarTvelos uzenaes kanons
warmoadgens, misi regulireba zogad principebs ar unda gascdes da safuZveli unda
Seiqmnas dabal safexurze mdgomi samarTlebrivi aqtebisaTvis. konstituciaSi parlamen-
tis garda sxva saxelisuflo Stos adgilsamyofeli ar aris dafiqsirebuli da parlamen-
tic ar unda iyos gamonaklisi. am argumentaciis gasamyareblad moyvanilia evrosabWos
qveynebis magaliTi da ganmartebulia, rom am qveynebis konstituciaTa umravlesoba ar
Seicavs parlamentis adgilmdebareobis momwesrigebel normebs.
konstitucionalistTa Soris am kanonproeqtTan dakavSirebiT azrTa sxvadasxvaoba
arsebobs. erTi poziciis23 Tanaxmad, konstitucia ar unda Seicavdes Zalze wvrilman
da detalur normebs. konstitucia zogad principebze unda iyos agebuli da iZleodes
am principebis gaSlis saSualebas kanonmdeblobaSi. parlaments unda mieces saSualeba,
Tavad gadawyvitos, Tu sad ganaxorcielebs igi miniWebul uflebamosilebas. TviT par-
lamentis wevrebma ukeT ician, romel adgilas imuSavebs sakanonmdeblo organo nayofie-
22 kanonproeqti da misi ganmartebiTi baraTi ixileT: https://matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=1797338&lang=ge.23 dimitri gegenava, wyaro: http://constitution.ge/statiebi/dimitri-gegenava/.
209
saqarTvelos parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana – nabiji regionalizmisaken Tu ubralod adgilsamyoflis cvlileba
rad. amitomac konstituciaSi parlamentis adgilmdebareobis gansazRvra arapraqtiku-
lia da es sakiTxi unda daregulirdes saqarTvelos parlamentis reglamentiT, romelic
kanonis Zalis mqone samarTlebrivi aqtia.
sapirispiro mosazrebis avtori aRniSnavs24, rom evropuli saxelmwifoebis konsti-
tuciebis did nawilSi marTlac ar aris gawerili parlamentis adgilsamyofeli, Tumca
mxolod es garemoeba ver iqneba konstituciidan 481 muxlis amoRebis safuZveli. is
wers: „kanonproeqtis ganmartebiT baraTSi msgavsi Sinaarsis miTiTeba ufro cvlilebis
ganxorcielebis namdvili mizezis dafarviskenaa mimarTuli, vidre sazogadoebisTvis
misi motivis axsnisaken. rogorc xsenebuli kanonproeqtis ganxilvisas, aseve mis inici-
rebamdec araerTxel gvsmenia, rom aRniSnuli cvlilebis proeqti Seesabameba mmarTveli
politikuri Zalis liderebis dapirebas, parlamentis adgilsamyofelis TbilisSi gada-
tanasTan dakavSirebiT“.
Cemi azriT, xsenebuli kanonproeqti da misi ganmartebiTi baraTi sakmaod bevr kiTx-
vis niSans badebs. qarTuli sazogadoebisTvis saidumlos ar warmoadgens, rom mmarTvel
politikur Zalas namdvilad aqvs parlamentis kvlav TbilisSi dabrunebis survili.
is, rom konstitucia mxolod zogad principebs unda adgendes, marTebuli da gasazia-
rebeli debulebaa. Tumca amas samxreT afrikis respublikis xelisuflebisaTvis xeli
ar SeuSlia (rogorc zemoTac aRvniSne) parlamentis adgilsamyofeli konstituciiT
ganesazRvra. msgavsi Canaweris arseboba namdvilad ar qmnis problemas, gansakuTrebiT
maSin, Tu parlamenti dedaqalaqs tovebs da sxva qalaqSi iwyebs funqcionirebas. ar unda
gamogvrCes isic, rom parlamentis quTaisSi gadatanas gansakuTrebiT didi mniSvneloba
mieniWa, rogorc saqarTveloSi regionalizmis gaZlierebis, ise qveynis ganviTarebisa
da winsvlis mxriv. amitomac parlamentis quTaisSi funqcionirebas saqarTvelosaTvis
strategiuli mniSvneloba aqvs da mis adgilsamyofelsac swored konstitucia unda
aregulirebdes. rac Seexeba imas, rom parlaments ar unda waerTvas ufleba, Tavad gan-
sazRvros sakuTari adgilsamyofeli, parlaments aqvs konstituciis Secvlis uflebamo-
sileba. magram, radganac konstituciis xSiri cvlileba rekomendebuli ar aris, kargi
iqneba, Tu konstituciaSi gaCndeba Canaweri, romlis mixedviTac, parlaments Tavisi aq-
tiT SeeZleba mis adgilsamyoflad sxva qalaqis gamocxadeba. amgvari midgoma arsebobs
samxreT afrikis konstituciaSi: erTi mxriv, konstituciiT parlamentis adgilsamyo-
flad dadgenilia qalaqi keiptauni, magram, meore mxriv, parlaments SeuZlia, Tavisi
aqtiT, adgilsamyoflad sxva adgili daadginos25. rac Seexeba am aqtis misaRebad saWiro
xmebis raodenobas, kvorumis gansazRvra TviTon parlamentis kompetenciaa, Tumca mimaC-
nia, rom aqtis miRebisaTvis maRali kvorumi unda dawesdes.
24 giorgi mSvenieraZe, wyaro: http://constitution.ge/statiebi/giorgi-mSvenieraZe/. 25 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, CHAPTER 4 PARLIAMENT, (42) Composition of Parliament,(6).
210
giorgi asaTaSvili
daskvna
miuxedavad imisa, rom sakanonmdeblo organos adgilmdebareobis cvlileba Rrma
konstituciur-samarTlebriv analizs ar moiTxovs, Cveni qveynisaTvis es sakiTxi mainc
sakmaod mniSvnelovania. konstituciis preambulaSi vkiTxulobT, rom saqarTvelos moqa-
laqeTa uryevi nebaa, daamkvidron demokratiuli sazogadoebrivi weswyobileba, ekono-
mikuri Tavisufleba, socialuri da samarTlebrivi saxelmwifo. Tu saqarTvelos regio-
nebsa da Tbiliss Soris ganviTarebaSi seriozuli disbalansi SenarCundeba, maSin aRar
iqneba gaTvaliswinebuli saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa neba, Seqmnan ekonomikurad Tavisu-
fali da socialuri saxelmwifo. Cveni qveynis sazRvrebi mxolod TbilisiT ar Semoi-
fargleba da regionebmac unda isargeblon zustad imave donis uflebebiT, rogoriTac
Tbilisis mosaxleoba sargeblobs. Tu xelisufleba am process ver SeaCerebs, maSin
demokratiul da ganviTarebul saxelmwifoze laparaki SeuZlebeli gaxdeba. saqarTve-
los konstituciaSi asaxuli principebi realur cxovrebaSi unda iyos gatarebuli da
mxolod qaRaldze ar unda eweros. Cemi azriT, swored konstituciaSi mocemuli prin-
cipebis cxovrebaSi realizebis mizniT ganxorcielda parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana.
parlamentSi mimdinareobs qveynisaTvis strategiuli mniSvnelobis mqone politikuri
procesi da namdvilad aqvs mniSvneloba imas, Tu romel adgilas warimarTeba igi. mso-
flios qveynebis umravlesobis sakanonmdeblo organo dedaqalaqSi funqcionirebs da
saqarTveloc aqamde imave gzas mihyveboda, magram dedaqalaqis mniSvneloba sxva regio-
nebis xarjze imdenad gaizarda, rom parlamentis TbilisSi funqcionirebas dedaqalaqis
statusis mimarT mxolod formaluri datvirTva darCa. imaves ver vityviT quTaisze,
romelic saqarTveloSi sididiT meore qalaqi da dasavleT saqarTvelos istoriuli,
politikur-ekonomikuri centria. misi ganviTareba dedaqalaqisas sagrZnoblad Camor-
Ceba. swored amitom, parlamentis quTaisSi funqcionireba am qalaqze gacilebiT met
gavlenas moaxdens, vidre Tbilisze. Tbilisi parlamentis adgilsamyoflis cvlilebiT
faqtobrivad arafers kargavs, vinaidan saxelisuflo struqturebis didi nawili kvlav
iq rCeba, asec rom ar iyos. Tbilisi saqarTvelos ekonomikuri centricaa da misi ganvi-
Tarebis tempebs namdvilad ver SeaCerebs parlamentis gatana dedaqalaqidan.
saqarTvelos parlamentis adgilsamyofelTan dakavSirebiT konstituciaSi ganxorcie-
lebuli cvlileba sakmaod aqtualuri sakiTxia da mosaxleobaSi azrTa sxvadasxvaobas
iwvevs. miuxedavad amisa, cvlilebasTan dakavSirebiT samarTlebrivi analizi naklebi in-
tensivobiT mimdinareobs. Sevecade, es sakiTxi samarTlebrivi kuTxiT ganmexila da gark-
veuli daskvnebic gavakeTe. moviSvelie msoflios qveynebis gamocdileba xelisuflebis
StoTa teritoriuli gadanawilebis mxriv da gansakuTrebiT gamovkveTe samxreT afrikis
magaliTi, romelsac sami dedaqalaqi aqvs. mniSvnelovania uSualod qarTveli kanonm-
deblis mizani, romelmac quTaisSi parlamentis gadatana regionalizmis gaZlierebas,
quTaisisa da dasavleT saqarTvelos ganviTarebas daukavSira. mxedvelobidan ar gamomr-
Cenia axlaxan inicirebuli kanonproeqti, romelic konstituciidan parlamentis adgil-
211
saqarTvelos parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana – nabiji regionalizmisaken Tu ubralod adgilsamyoflis cvlileba
samyoflis Sesaxeb regulaciis amoRebas iTvaliswinebs. am kanonproeqtTan dakavSirebiT
warmovadgine rogorc gansxvavebuli mosazrebani, ise Cemi pozicia. Sevecade yuradRe-
bis miRma ar damrCenoda da ganxilvis gareSe ar dametovebina wamoWrili problemebi.
msurda, rom Cemi naSromi ar yofiliyo metismetad mSrali, viwro samarTlebrivi kvleva.
mimaCnia, rom mkiTxvels Cemi statia daainteresebs da SesaZleblobas miscems, ukeT gaaa-
nalizos parlamentis adgilsamyofelTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxi. sabolood, SeiZleba
iTqvas, rom parlamentis quTaisSi gadatana metia, vidre adgilsamyoflis cvlileba da
is swored regionalizmis waxalisebas emsaxureba.