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Korea Odyssey:
People, History, Culture & Language
Seok-Hoon You (Korea University)
[email protected], (822)3290-2176
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Contents
I. Korea: Overview
II. The People
III. The History
IV. Hanlyuwood-Korean (Culture) Wave
V. Basic Expressions
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I. Korea: Overview
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I. Overview: Population
Population:
48,880,000 (South Korea)
+ 24,190,000 (North Korea)+ 6,822,606 (Overseas)_____________________________
80 million (March, 2011)
Locale:Korean peninsular (South & North Koreas)
and 176 countries worldwide as of 2009
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M. East13,999
Africa
9, 577
China
2,336,771
AsiaOverall
461,127
Canada
223,322
USA
2,102,283
Central-South
America
107,029
Japan
912,655
CIS-Russia
537,889
Overseas Korean
(Overseas Korean Foundation, 2009)
6,822,606 in 176 countries
Europe
117,954
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Ethnic connection:
Mongolians, Japanese, Manchu Tungusic
Religion: No religion (46%) Christianity (29.2%),Buddhism (22.8%), and Others (Cheondoism,
Korean shamanism, and totemism)
Confucianism as a life-long philosophy
Language : (Altaic-)Korean branch-Korean,
English widely taught society-wide (No. of
Native Speakers: 78,000,000)
I. Overview: Ethnics, Language & Religion
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20 Most Widely Spoken Languages in the World
Rank LanguageSpkrs
(Millions)Rank Language
Spkrs
(Millions)
1 Mandarin 1151 11 German 166
2 English 1000 12 Japanese 132
3 Spanish 500 13 Farsi (Persian) 110
4 Hindi 490 14 Urdu 104
5 Russian 277 15 Punjabi 103
6 Arabic 255 16 Wu 90
7 Portuguese 240 17 Vietnamese 86
8 Bengali 215 18 Javanese 85
9 French 200 19 Tamil 78
10 Malay, Indonesian 175 20 Korean 78
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I. Overview: Government system
Country nameRepublic of Korea (ROK); South Korea
Native Name: Taehan-minguk(> Hanguk)
Administrativedivisions
9 Provinces: Cheju, North/South Cholla;North/South Chungchong, Kangwon,
Kyonggi, North/South Kyongsang
7 Metropolitan cities: Seoul, Pusan,Incheon, Kwangju, Taegu, Taejon, Ulsan
Independence August 15, 1945 (from Japan, 1910- )
Legal systemelements of continental European civil
law systems + Anglo-American law +
Chinese classical thought
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IncheonSeoul
Taejon
Kwangju
Taegu
Pusan
Ulsan
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I. Overview: Korea in global standard
NewsweekWorlds Best 20 Countries -20101 Finland 11 United States
2 Switzerland 12 Germany
3 Sweden 13 New Zealand
4 Australia 14 United Kingdom
5 Luxembourg 15 Korea, South6 Norway 16 France
7 Canada 17 Ireland
8 Netherlands 18 Austria
9 Japan 19 Belgium
10 Denmark 20 Singapore
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I. Overview: Two sides of the same coin
Positive Side Negative Side
History & TraditionDynamism
(Transportation &
Information) Accessibility
Modern / Open Life Style
Traffic, EnvironmentLimited Space
High Cost of Living
National Security
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Population: 11.5 / 48.5 million
Aerial size: 604 km2 / 100,000 km2
Number of vehicles: 3,000,000+ / 18,380,000(1 per / household, 2011.10)
Quality of life among world metropolitan cities:
86th
/ 215 (Mercer;April, 2008)
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I. Overview: Seoul, National capital since 1392
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I. Overview: Cost of Living
Cost of living ranking 2010 - MercerRank City Country Rank City Country
1 LUANDA ANGOLA 11 SINGAPORE SINGAPORE
2 TOKYO JAPAN 11 OSLO NORWAY
3 NDJAMENA CHAD 13 VICTORIA SEYCHELLES
4 MOSCOW RUSSIA 14 SEOUL SOUTH KOREA
5 GENEVA SWITZERLAND 15 MILAN ITALY
6 OSAKA JAPAN 16 BEIJING CHINA
7 LIBREVILLE GABON 17 LONDON UNITED KINGDOM
8 ZURICH SWITZERLAND 17 PARIS FRANCE
8 HONG KONG HONG KONG 19 TEL AVIV ISRAEL
10 COPENHAGEN DENMARK 19 NAGOYA JAPAN
Daily Costs
Items Cost (US$)
Meal 7+
Bus 1+
Taxi 2+Subway 1+
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Weather: temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer
Areal Size (Land : Water resource)
South Korea: 100,140 km2 (98,190 km2 : 290 km2)North Korea: 120,540 km2 (120,410 km2 : 130 km2)
Vicious Cycle caused by scarcity of water resource inNorth Korea :
> Loss of Crop Yields> Shortage of food
> Malnutrition
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I. Overview: Weather, Land, etc.
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I. Overview: National Symbol
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National Flower:Mukunghwa (hibiscus)
National Anthem :Aegwukka
National Flag: Thaekeukki (white with a red (top)and blue Yin-Yang symbol in the center; there is a
different black trigram from the ancientI Ching
(Book of Changes) in each corner of the white
field.)
Sky
Fire
Water
Earth
Positive
power
Negative
power
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II. The People
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II. The People: in numbers
Age Structure(Male / Female)
0-14 years: 19.4% (4,952,177 / 4,450,821)15-64 years: 72% (17,715,267 / 17,147,808)
65 years+: 8.6% (1,670,971 / 2,485,600)
Birth &
Death rate
9.4 births / 1,000 population
5.26 deaths / 1,000 populationNet migration
rate0 migrant(s) / 1,000 population
Sex ratio(Male / Female)
At birth:1.0815 years-:1.1115-64 years:1.0365 years+:0.67Total population:1.01
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Infantmortality
rate
Male: 7.5 deaths / 1,000 live birthsFemale: 6.57 deaths / 1,000 live births
Total: 7.05 deaths / 1,000 live births
Lifeexpectancy
80 (M 76, F 83): 20th / 193 (May 2011)
Global average: M (66.1), F (70.5)- Health Care Cost / GDP: 5.9%
- MediCare-Welfare / GDP: 10.9%
- Number of MD / 10,000: 16
* North Korea: 70 (M 67, F 72)
Totalfertility rate
1.226 / woman
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(Seniors)
(Working /Tax Paying
Generation)
(Juniors)
II. The People: Gloomy future
(imbalance in demographic distribution)
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1.081.13
1.26
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2000 2001 2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
II. The People: Fertility Crisis
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III. The History
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Gojoseon (BC 2333BC 108)
The Three Kingdoms (BC 57 - AD 935) Balhae Kingdom (AD 668 - AD 926)
Koryo Dynasty (AD 918 - AD 1392)
Joseon Dynasty (AD 1392 - AD 1910)
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III. The History: Prehistoric to Pre-modern era
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Japanese Colonization (AD 1910 - AD 1945)Korean War (1950-53):
- 4.5 million casualties (30% of total population,2.45 million deceased)- 80% devastation in the infrastructure
Post-Korean War Years: Poorest Country (GNP: $87)
Industrialization: Success of 6 consecutive 5 yearEconomic Development Plans (1962-1991)
The Miracle on theHanRiver with extremelylimited natural resources > Quantum Leap in theGNP/capita ($87 in 1962 > $20,000 in 2007)* Rich human resource with excellent educationaland technical background
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III. The History: The Miracle
Post-liberation Support fromInternational Community
(1945-1950)
USA
South Korea
USSR
North Korea
Democratic
Capitalism
Socialist
Communism
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1988: Seoul Olympic Games
2002: World Cup/Asian Games
2006: World Baseball Classic/German World Cup Games
2008 Beijing Olympic Games
2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic Games/World Cup 2010
Major Intl Conferences and Conventions
2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympic
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III. The History:March to the global stage
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Industria-
lization1962-91
Post-
Korean War
1954-61
Colonial &
Korean War
Pre-
Modern
IT Industry
1990s
Post IT: 21c
(NT, BT, GT)
NT: Nano-technologyBT: Bio-technology
GT: Green-technology
III. The History: Korea Odyssey
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IV.Hanlyuwood:Korean Culture Wave
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Relationship: Japan,China & Korea
Blood Inheritance
Chinese characters /words (over 60%)
Round and Sticky Rice
Chopsticks
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IV. The Culture: Neighbors
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Korean Spoons and Chopsticks
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IV. The Culture: Chopsticks
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Differences1. Length
2. Shape of the End point
3. Color and Material
Similarities1. Long
2. Cylindrical
3. Set in a pair
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Hangukeo (HangukKorea + eolanguage); (Altaic) language
Turkish, Manchurian, , SOV word order
A mixed script ofHangeul and Chinese characters (Hangeul-only
policy in Korea in 1970 and ...)
You Seok Hoon
Hangeul (Korean Alphabet): 24 phonetic alphabets (14 consonants
depicting relevant speech organs such as lips, tongue shapes, tooth,and throat + 10 vowels depicting the heaven, earth, and man)
UNESCO World Heritage (1997) and suggested to those without any
letter system
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IV. The Culture: Language
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Hangeul created by the Great King Sejong in 1443
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14 Basic Consonants:
k/g
giyeok
nNieun
ddigeut
l/rrieul
mmieum
bbieup
ssiot
ngieungjjieutchchieut
kkieuk
ttieut
ppieup
hhieut
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10 Basic Vowels:
a
eo
o
u
eu
ya
yeo
yo
yu
i
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1. K-pop
2. K-Movie & drama
3. K-Sports stars
4. Traditional costume
5. Traditional cuisine
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IV. The Culture:Hanlyu (Korean Wave) since
1990s
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Traditional costume
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IV. The Culture: Traditional cuisine
Kim-chi:
Chopped cabbage mixed with chilly pepper and other
spicy ingredients
One of the World's five healthiest foods (Health
Magazine, MAR 25, 2006); olive oil (reducing heart
disease risk), Japanese soy bean paste (preventing
cancer and osteoporosis), yogurt, and lentils)
Good for anti-oxidization and anti-cancer purpose
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Pul-go-gi
Pi-bim-bap
Sam-gye-tang
Kim-bap
Naeng-myeon
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Pi-bim-bap
(Spicy Rice / Veg . and
Meat)
Pul-go-gi
(Beef BBQ)Sam-gye-tang
(Chicken Soup)
Naeng-myeon
(Cold Noodle)
Kim-bap
(Korean Sushi)
IV. The Culture: Other foods
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Table setting
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V. Basic Expressions
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V. Basic expressions
1. An-nyeong-ha-sey-yo? How are you? How do youdo? Good morning/afternoon/evening
2. Ali im-ni-da. I am Ali.
3. Iraq-saram im-ni-da. I am Iraqi.
Hanguk-saram Korean-people
4. Ban-gap-sum-ni-da . Nice to meet you.
5. Mi-an-ham-ni-da. Sorry, Pardon me.
6. Jal meo-geo-sum-ni-da. I enjoyed the meal.
7. (A-ju / Cham)Ma-si-sum-ni-da.
Its (very) delicious.
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8. Ma-si-kkey tu-sey-yo. Enjoy the meal, please.
9. Keon-bae Cheers.10.Hwa-jang-sil eo-di-ye-yo? Where is the toilet?
11.Eol-ma-ye-yo? How much is this?
12.Jom Kka-kka cwu-sey-yo. Give me some D.C.13. Kam-sa-ham-ni-da / ko-map-sum-ni-da. Thank
you.
14.An-nyeong-hi ga-sey-yo. (go safely)An-nyeong-hi gye-sey-yo. (stay safely)
Good bye
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to go, to leave
to stay
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[Kam-sa-ham-ni-da]