Coherencia y cohesión textual

Inglés ExtracurricularUniversidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche

Prof. Analía V. Biocca

Año 2014

Coherencia y cohesión

Coherencia: Sentido Tema en común

Cohesión: Relación léxica y

gramatical

Cohesión: Procedimientos léxicos.

Repetición

Sustitución

Elipsis

Repetición

Reproducir exactamente la misma palabra o expresión.

Ejemplo:When caring for a patient, the nurse ensures that the patient

wishes to have the planned intervention (…). The nurse is

required to ensure that the planned intervention is in accordance

with the patient´s wishes, needs and desires, so, if the patient

refuses to have a wash, the nurse must respect the client´s

wishes.

Sustitución

Reemplazar un elemento léxico por otro.

Ejemplos:Our previous research confirms that 60% of university students

have difficulties when reading an academic text. Our study also

suggests some ways to overcome those difficulties.

I´ve heard many strange stories, but this one is the strangest one

of all.

Elipsis

Suprimir la información que el receptor puede identificar y recuperar.

Ejemplo:In relation to Latin America (…), two factors would affect the real

incidence of labour regulations: one, the fact that non compliance

in the labour area (…) is widespread (…); the other, that workers

infrequently contest, via the judiciary system, employer decisions

(…).

Cohesión: Procedimientos gramaticales.

Referencia

Conectores

Referencia

Relación semántica.

Explicita las relaciones de los elementos de un texto entre sí y les otorga significado.

Tipos de referencia:

Endofórica: dentro del texto. Anafórica: el referente se encuentra

antes. Catafórica: el referente se encuentra

después.

Exofórica: fuera del texto.

Ejemplo de referencia:

On 21 December 1972, the Basic Treaty was signed byEast and West Germany, and relations between the twocountries started to improve. During the next two decades,they began to cooperate with each other by sharingcultural and commercial activities such as arts, exchangeprograms and joint business ventures. However, EastGermans were still dissatisfied because their living standardwas lower than that of West Germany. 

Conectores

Hacen explícitas las relaciones que existen entre los contenidos de un texto.

Son lazos cohesivos que muestran qué tipo de relación existe entre las ideas de un texto.

Algunos tipos de conectores:

Addition: and, in addition, furthermore, moreover, also, as well as, besides

Contrast: but, however, nevertheless, yet, although, despite, in spite of, while, unlike Cause / result: because, due to, so, therefore, hence, thus, as a result,

consequently

Exemplification: for example, for instance, such as, namely, e.g., as an example

Ejemplo de conectores:

In the United States, the market for orthopedicimplant devices such as total knee and hipreplacements, spinal implants, and bonefixation devices, exceeds two billion dollars peryear. Worldwide, this market exceeds $4.3 billion peryear. These numbers, which clearly demonstrate theeconomic impact of the medical device industry, shouldcontinue to rise due to the combination of advances inthe medical and materials science fields and an agingpopulation.

Bibliografía y sitios web de interés:

Anselmo, G. (2013) Inglés I. Florencio Varela: Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche

Halliday, M. (1985)  An Introduction to Functional Grammar (1st edition). London: Arnold.

http://www.onestopenglish.com/support/ask-the-experts/methodology-questions/methodology-coherence-and-cohesion/154867.article

http://www.rit.edu/ntid/rate/sea/processes/referencewords/practice/phoric

Sitios web de interés: http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/ http://esl.about.com/ http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/