1. La obtencin de clulas madre adultas a partir de clulas de la
piel de un individuo adulto. Dos equipos cientfico japons y otro
norteamericano lo han conseguido con tan slo insertar cuatro genes
en clulas de piel. Dicho as, parece facilsimo por qu no se me habra
ocurrido a mi antes? El siguiente paso, ya logrado en animales de
experimentacin, consiste en conseguir que estas clulas madre
(indiferenciadas, como las de un embrin muy temprano) se
diferencien en clulas de cualquier tejido u rgano de un humano
adulto. Aplicaciones futuras? Disponer de tejidos y rganos de
repuesto para implantarlos en un paciente al que le falle, por el
motivo que sea, el suyo original Qu te falla el pncreas y
desarrollas una diabetes? O te fallan las neuronas dopaminrgicas y
desarrollas un Parkinson? No habra problema: te extraemos unas
celulitas de tu piel o sangre y al poco tenemos en el laboratorio
un trozo de pncreas o tejido cerebral, que te insertamos, previa
modificacin gentica que lo hace completamente sano. Dos ventajas
adicionales: En primer lugar, se evitan los rechazos, la gran
limitacin de los actuales trasplantes, pues el nuevo rgano procede
de clulas del mismo paciente. Tambin se evita tener que recurrir a
embriones (la otra fuente de clulas madre), perspectiva que
generaba el rechazo de ciertos grupos de opinin. Seamos prudentes:
tampoco es previsible que se logren a corto plazo los avances
descritos, pero ya se vislumbran en el horizonte y nos prometen una
revolucin casi inimaginable en el campo de la medicina. The
obtaining of adult cells mother from cells of the skin of an adult
individual. Two equipment scientific Japanese and another North
American have obtained it with so only inserting four genes in
cells of skin.Said so, it seems very easy why this would not have
happened to me before? The following step, or obtained of
experimentation animals, consists of obtaining that these cells
mother (indiferents, as those of a very early embryo)they are
different in cells from any weave or organ from an adult human.
Future applications? To have weaves and organs of spare part to
implant them in a patient to whom it fails to him, by the reason
that is, the his original one. What fails the pancreas and you
develop a diabetes to you? Or they fail the dopaminrgicas neurons
to you and you develop a Parkinson? There would not be problem: we
extract cells to you of your skin or bleeds and to little we have
in the laboratory a piece of pancreas or cerebral weave, that we
inserted to you, previous genetic modification that makes healthy
completely. Two additional advantages: In the first place, the
rejections , the great limitation of the present transplants are
avoided, because the new organ comes from cells of the same
patient. Also it is avoided to have to resort to embryos (the other
source of cells mother), perspective that generated the rejection
of certain groups of opinion. Let us be prudent: it is not
foreseeable either that the described advances are obtained short
term, but already they glimpse in the horizon and they promise an
almost unimaginable revolution to us in the field of the medicine.
Cultura Clsica TrabajosEurope Today: Ciencias --- ngel Guzmn Alcal.
Febrero, 2008. Clulas madre Cells mother