APUNTES INGLES II

8/7/2019 APUNTES INGLES II

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Past simple: to be.

affirmative negative question Short answers

i/he/she/it

you/we/they

I was born in

1988.

You were in

Italy.

She wasnt at

the party.

We werent at

home.

Was he at the

mall?

Were they in

Hawaii?

Yes, he was

No, he wasnt

Yes, they were.

No, they

werent.

Question forms with question word(s)

Where was the party?

When were you born?

Remember, to make questions with to be, we invert the subject and the verb:

Where were you?

I was at my aunts house.

Past simple: regular verbs.

We use the past simple to talk about finished actions and states:

It opened in June 2004.

My parents lived in New York ten years ago.

Affirmative Negative

I/he/she/it worked last year.

You/we/they lived in Buffalo.

I/he/she/it didnt work last year.

You/we/they/ didnt live at home.

question Short answers

Did i/you/he/she/it/ open on time?

We/they

Yes, i/you/he/she/it/ did

We/they

No, i/you/he/she/it/ didnt

We/they



Question forms with question word(s)

Where did you live 15 years ago?

When did you start studying English?

What music did you like in high school?

Spelling: past simple

Add d or ed to most verbs Workworked

Livelived

With verbs that end in a consonants

-y, take away the y and add ied.

Studystudied

Time expressions: in, on, at, last, ago.

With the past simple, we often say when an action happened.

We use in with months, seasons and years:

We were on vacation in July.

I started work in 1987.

We use at with times and occasions:

Where were you at five oclock?

Where were you at Christmas?

We use on with days and dates:

He started work on Monday.

I graduated on June 12, 1998.

We use last with a specific period:

Where did you go on vacation last year?

Where was he last week?

Ago means before now. We use it to show how far in the past something happened:

I started college three years ago.



Vocabulary:

SPECIAL OCCASIONS: VERBS TO DESCRIBE LIFETIME EVENTS.

Baptism To graduate

Birthday to live

Christmas to move

Easter to open

Engagement to start

Farewell party to study

Graduation to work

New Year

Wedding

Wedding anniversary



Articles: indefinite

(a/an) and definite (the).

We use a or an before a noun to talk about something generally.

We use a before a consonant and an before a vowel:

Can I have a ticket to Stanton?

You have an aisle seat.

We use the to talk about something specific and about some countries:

What time does the train leave?

Did you go to the United Kingdom?

I live in the United States.

Past simple: irregular verbs.

Many common verbs have an irregular past simple form:

Gowent

Havehad

affirmative

negative

question

short answers

Did

Yes,

No,

i/you/he/she/It/we/they

i/you/he/she/it/

we/they

i/you/he/she/it/

we/they

i/you/he/she/it/

we/they

i/you/he/she/it/

we/they

Went

Didnt go

(did not)

See

Did

Didnt.

To Greece.

To Greece.

A movie last

night?



verb Past simple verb Past simple

To buy

To come

To eat

To fly

To get

To give

To go

Bought

Came

Ate

Flew

Got

Gave

went

To have

To ride

To see

To take

To wear

To win

Had

Rode

Saw

Took

Wore

Won

Useful expressions:

BUYING A TICKET AND ASKING RESPONDING TO NEWS:

FOR TRAVEL INFORMATION: Thats great!

Can I have a ticket to Houston? It sounds fantastic!

Which gate is it? That was lucky!

Is there a taxi stand near here? Oh no, what a shame!

What time does train leave? No way!

When does it arrive? Thats too bad!

Does this bus go to Atlanta?

VOCABULARY:

TRANSPORTATION: VACATION AND TRAVEL ITEMS:

Airplane bikini

Bike camera

Bus credit card

Car purse

Ferry snorkel and flippers

Motorbike suitcase

Subway swimsuit



Taxi towel

Train travelers check

Tram umbrella



Past simple: regular vs. irregular.

Regular

Affirmative

Negative

Yes/no

Question

Short answers

Did

Yes

no

i/you/he/she/it/we/they





Didnt(did)

Did

Didnt

Watched

Watch

watch

TV last night.

TV last night

A movie.

Irregular

Affirmative

Negative

Yes/noquestion

did




Didnt

(did not)

Saw

See

see

A horror movie.

A horror movie

The show?

We only use the past simple form of the verb in affirmative sentences:

I want to the movies last night.

In questions and negative sentences, we use did or didnt to indicate the past simple:

I didnt go to the movies. I didnt went to the movies.

Where did you go? Where did you went?

COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES:

One syllable adjectives Example

Add er to most adjectives

Add r to adjectives

Double the final consonant on adjectives

ending consonant-vowel-consonant.

Smallsmaller, cheapcheaper

Nicenicer, latelater

Bigbigger, fatfatter

Adjectives with more than one syllable Example

Add ier to two syllable adjectives ending in

y.

Add more to most adjectives

Friendlyfriendlier, easyeasier

Expensivemore expensive,

Modernmore modernIrregular adjectives Example

Some adjectives are irregular Goodbetter, badworse



We use than to compare two things:

A skyscraper is taller than a castle.

We do not double final w:

Newnewer

We use er with some two syllable adjectives:

Quietquieter, clevercleverer

USEFUL EXPRSSIONS:

Giving yourself thinking time:

Let me think

Thats s good question

Well

VOCABULARY:

Adjectives nouns related to the 1970s

Bad bell-bottoms

Big cheese fondue

Cheap chopper bike

Expensive disco music

Fast miniskirt

Good test tube baby

Modern VCR

Old-fashioned

Pretty

Slow

Small

Ugly



be- going to

We use to be- going to to talk about future plans or intentions.

Affirmative NegativeIm going to stay in Paris

Youre going to fly

Shes going to study math

Hes going to meet Jan.

Its going to rain

Were going to have fun

Theyre going to visit the zoo

Im not going to visit the MOMA.

You arent going to drive.

She isnt going o leave home.

He isnt going to eat fish.

It isnt going to snow.

We arent going to be at the party.

They arent going to stay outdoors.

Question Short answersAm I going to fly?

Are you going to drive?

Is she going to meet us?

Is he going to hang out with us?

Is it going to rain?

Are we going to visit tom?

Are they going to have a party?

Yes, you are. / No, you arent.

Yes, I am. /no, Im not.

Yes, she is. /no, she isnt.

Yes, he is. /no, he isnt.

Yes, it is. /no, it isnt.

Yes, we are. /no, we arent.

Yes, they are. /no, they arent.

HOPE TO, WANT TO.

We use hope to and want to- verb to talk about future intentions and dreams:

We want to spend time together as a family.

We hope to have two or three children.

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS:

Expressing doubt.

I dont really know.

Well, maybe.

Im not really sure.



Perhaps.

VOCABULARY:

Tourist attractions. Collocations to describe

Art gallery lifestyle changes.

Bridge to build a house

Cathedral to change your life

Museum to grow vegetables

Palace to have a baby

Pyramids to move to/ from the city/ the country

Square to quit smoking

Statue

Tower

Zoo



ADJECTIVES.

We use feel- adjective to describe symptoms:

I feel dizzy. I feel sick.

We use have noun to describe health problems:

I have a headache. I have a sore ankle.

We only use have ache with certain parts of the body:

Stomachache, earache, toothache leg ache, knee ache.

We use the structure I have a sore- noun with all parts of the body:

I have a sore leg, I have a sore back, I have a sore head.

SHOULD:

We use should-verb to say that something is a good idea or right thing to do:

You should wear a hat.

We use shouldnt verb to say that something is not a good idea or not the right thing go to:

You shouldnt take a camera.

affirmative Negative

I should go to hospital.

You should wear a hat.

He should stay indoors.

She should go to work.

We should have a party.

They should eat fruit.

I shouldnt cancel my trip.

You shouldnt take a camera.

He shouldnt go out.

She shouldnt stay in school.

We shouldnt invite Matthew.

They shouldnt eat spicy food.

question Short answersShould I go?

Should you wear boots?

Should ha play?

Yes, you should. / no, you shouldnt

Yes, I should. /no, I shouldnt.

Yes , he should. /no, he shouldnt.



Should she watch?

Should we have a party?

Should they stay indoors?

Yes, she should. /no, she shouldnt.

Yes, we should. /no, we shouldnt.

Yes, they should. /no, they shouldnt.

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS:

Asking and describing how you feel.

How do you feel? Not too good.

Whats the matter? I feel dizzy/hot.

Whats wrong? I have a cold and a stomachache.

VOCABULARY:

Body parts. Health problems.

Ankle cold

Arm dizzy

Back fever

Foot flu

Hand food poisoning

Head hay fever

Knee headache

Leg hot

Neck to hurt

Shoulders sore throat/knee

Stomach stomachache

Throat sunburn



Irregular verbs.

Infinitive past simple infinitive past simple

To be (am, is, are) was/were to put put

To become became to quit quit

To begin began to read read

To build built to ride rode

To buy bought to run ran

Can could to say said

To come came to see saw

To do did to sell sold

To drink drank to sit sat

To eat ate to speak spoke

To feel felt to spend spent

To find found to stand stood

To fly flew to swim swam

To get got to take took

To get up got up to tell told

To give gave to think thought

To go went to understand understood

To grow grew to wake up woke up

To hang out hung out to wear wore

To have had to win won



To know knew

To leave left

To lose lost

To make made

To meet met

Documents

APUNTES INGLES II