La Ingeniería Hidráulica: Aplicaciones no convencionales en áreas no convencionales, avances en métodos experimentales, mediciones de campo y modelamiento matemático

8/3/2019 La Ingeniera Hidrulica: Aplicaciones no convencionales en reas no convencionales, avances en mtodos experimentales, mediciones de campo y modelamiento matemtico

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La Ingeniera Hidrulica: Aplicaciones no convencionales enreas no convencionales, avances en mtodos experimentales,mediciones de campo y modelamiento matemtico

Earth Processes & Environmental Flows (EPEF) University of Pittsb

http://www.pitt.edu/~jabad/

Jorge D. Abad

Assistant Professor

Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE) : http://www.engr.pitt.edu/Civil/Dept. of Geology and Planetary Science (GPS) : http://www.geology.pitt.edu/Center for Simulation and Modeling (SAM) : http://www.sam.pitt.edu/Center for Latin American Studies (CLAS) : http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/clas/

Center for Research and Education of the Amazonian Rainforest (CREAR)

Earth Processes & Environmental Flows (EPEF)

Martes, Aug 09, 2011
http://www.engr.pitt.edu/Civil/http://www.geology.pitt.edu/http://www.sam.pitt.edu/http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/clas/http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/clas/http://www.sam.pitt.edu/http://www.geology.pitt.edu/http://www.engr.pitt.edu/Civil/


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Earth Processes & Environmental Flows (EPEF)


-Exceso/dficit de estudiantes de doctorado

Apliquen a maestras y doctorados, hace falta buenos estudiantes

English, English, English necesidad!!!

Busquen informacin (Fulbright, paginas de las universidades)Pregunten a sus profesores, colegas, CONEIC expositores!!!

Perseverancia, perseverancia, perseverancia

Decisin por extraar las cosas lindas de Per


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The Modern Amazon Basin

From Coleman and Mapes,

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC Millions of Years

Tertiary



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Experimentos, mediciones de campo y modelamiento


El rio Ucayali cerca a la ciudad de PucallpaColaboradores:

Capt. Fragata Hugo Montoro, Ing. Jorge Paredes, Teniente Bruno Peralta y tcnicos: Direccin de

Hidrografa y Navegacin de la Marina de Guerra del Per

El rio Amazonas cerca a la ciudad de Iquitos (breve)Colaboradores:

Capt. Fragata Hugo Montoro, Ing. Jorge Paredes, Teniente Bruno Peralta y tcnicos: Direccin de

Hidrografa y Navegacin de la Marina de Guerra del Per

Canales submarinos en el fondo ocenico del AtlnticoColaboradores:

Gary Parker, Marcelo H. Garcia

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USAOctavio Sequeiros, Carlos Pirmez SHELL ExplorationBenoit Spinewine, Fonds National de Recherche Scientifique, Belgium


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[1] Monitoreo Hidrogrfico del Rio Ucayali en laInmediaciones de la Ciudad de Pucallpa


Profesor Asistente

Departamento de Ing. Civil y Ambiental

Universidad de Pittsburgh

Capitn de Fragata

Jefe del Servicio de Hidrografa y Navegacin de la Amazonia

Marina de Guerra del Per

Jorge D. AbadHugo Montoro


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TEORIA DE RIOS MEANDRICOS


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Flujo secundario


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Flow and bed equilibrium conditions

~S4

~S6

sn

~S2

Inner bank Outer bank

B

ctes

s

sRsC

c

c

)(

)(

1)(

~ld

Depth-averaged velocities


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UCAYALI RIVER

Freely-meandering channels: The Ucayali and Aguaytia Rivers near Pucallpa city, PERU


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Evolution of meandering channels

~Se

2sz

2sz

2se 2se

Lancaster, 2002


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Ucayali river near Pucallpa city

10/04/1975 05/16/2010


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A

sn

~Se

sA

1

2

1

Elev

B2

Se: equilibrium slope

Conceptual model for a bend migration

B

C

2 C

SBC


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As

n ~Se

s

Li

A

1

2

1

B Lf

Elev

Li-Lf

B2

SAB

SAB >SeSe: equilibrium slope

Conceptual model for a cutoff

B

10/04/1975 06/12/1985 08/13/1990

B B B


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10/04/1975 06/12/1985 08/13/1990

07/12/1996 08/24/2000 05/16/2010

d1d2

u1

u2

d3

u3d

4

u4d5

u5

Pucallpa

d3

u3

d4

u4d5

u5

Pucallpa

d5

u5

Pucallpa

d5

u5

Pucallpa

Z1

A

B

Z2

SinUcayali ~ 1.70

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B


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MEDICIONES EN CAMPO 2011Instrumentos

Field equipment


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Field equipment

[1] Geodesic GPS doublefrequency, Trimble 5700,

[2] Total station Leica TCA 1103,[3] Stage rulers

[1] AEH-177 Boat (1 unit)[2] Mulibeam Reson Seabat 7101

[3] Hypack software

[1] Stainless steel Boat (2 units)[2] ADCP workhorse Rio Grande

600 KHz, RD Instruments[3] Single beam digital echo

sounder SYQWEST BATHY-500



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Batimetra multihaz y aDcp para las veocidades

B i 2011


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Batimetra 2011

Inflection

Pucallpa

05/16/2010

SITUACI N ACTUAL


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SITUACI N ACTUAL

Contornos: Velocidad longitudinal (cm/s)

Velocidad promediada

en la vertical (cm/s)Ro Ucayali

(a)

(b) (c)

05/16/2010

SITUACI N ACTUAL


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SITUACI N ACTUAL



en la vertical (cm/s)

Ro Ucayali

(a)

(b) (c)

05/16/2010

SITUACIN ACTUAL


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SITUACIN ACTUAL



en la vertical (cm/s)

Ro Ucayali

(a)

(b) (c)

05/16/2010


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Modelamiento Preliminar 2D y 3D

MODELAMIENTO 2D


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MODELAMIENTO 2D

Usando alrededor de 200,000

celdas en un cluster en linux

MODELAMIENTO 2D


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MODELAMIENTO 2D

MODELAMIENTO 2D


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MODELAMIENTO 2D

3D modeling: Superimposition of ripples over dunes


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3D modeling: Superimposition of ripples over dunes

7

905010 015 020 025 030 0

5

m

m

flow

DunesRipples

(Parsons et al. 2005)

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP (Fernandez et al. 2006)

Superimposition of ripples over dunes


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Using around

11 million of cells1 second takes 2 hours in 64-core

cluster

S i i i f i l d


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CONCLUSIONES DE [1]Determinar los periodos de creacin de cortes de meandro y de

incremento de la migracin de los mismos


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determinar la evolucin del canal principal y en cuanto tiempo se

producira un corte de meandro natural en la ausencia de canalessecundarios

Ro Ucayali

05/16/2010

CONCLUSIONES DE [1]


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Estudiar la evolucin de los canales secundarios

Ro Ucayali05/16/2010

CONCLUSIONES DE [1]


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Desarrollar modelos predictivos de la dinmica del rio Ucayali

combinando con mediciones de campo y modelos matemticosMonitoreo permanente

EcosondaMorfologa del lecho

aDcp Velocidades y caudalesLidarMorfologa de las mrgenes

Distribucin de suelos en la planicie de inundacin

Clasificacin de sedimentos

Clasificacin de cauces naturales existentes

Involucrar otras disciplinas (Ecologa, Forestal, Ambiental, Social, etc)

CONCLUSIONES DE [1]

[2]


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[2] Monitoreo Hidrogrfico del Rio Amazonas en laInmediaciones de la Ciudad de Iquitos


Profesor Asistente

Departamento de Ing. Civil y Ambiental


Capitn de Fragata

Jefe del Servicio de Hidrografa y Navegacin de la Amazonia


Jorge D. AbadHugo Montoro

What types of rivers do we have in the Peruvian Amazonian lowlands?


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What types of rivers do we have in the Peruvian Amazonian lowlands?

Iquitos city

Meandering structure(Nanay River)

Amazon river

Anabranchingstructure

(Amazon River)


Occurrence of anabranching structures


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Occurrence of anabranching structures

l~ 30 kmNote: the periodicity

may be an indicator of

active/inactive regions


Why the Peruvian Amazon River? Motivation


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From Directorate of Hydrography and Navigation, Peruvian Navy

Low flow High flow

U (m/s) 1.5 2.2

Qw (m3/s) 5 000 55 000

Qs (Ton/day) 150 000 4000 000

B (m) 1 000 3 000

H (m) 10 50

y

Club Caza y Pesca

Muelle de Bellavista


Muyuy area


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y y

1973 1987 1993

1999 2005 2009

Notice: Individual secondary channels are behaving as meander bends, maybe the main

channel will start to evolve more if other regions are turn off to be inactive


Field measurements: Campaigns May and August 2010


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Field measurements: Campaigns May and August 2010

Length ~160 km

Iquitos city

Maraon River

~ 21280 m3/s

Ucayali River

~ 12270 m3/s

Amazon River

~ 33550 m3/s

~ 12390 m3/s


SC are non-developed meandering channels


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SC are non developed meandering channels


Single beam measurements (Aug 2010) low flow


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Single beam measurements (Aug 2010) low flow


ADCP measurements


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ADCP measurements


[3]


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[3] Canales MeandrcosSubmarinos

Jorge D. Abad1, Octavio Sequeiros2,Benoit Spinewine3, Carlos Pirmez4,Marcelo H. Garcia5, Gary Parker6

1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Env. Engineering, University of

Pittsburgh

2Shell International Exploration and Production, The Netherlands

3Fonds National de Recherche Scientifique, Belgium

4Shell International Exploration & Production, Inc. USA

5Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory, Dept. of Civil & Env. Engineering,

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

6 Dept. of Geology and Dept. of Civil & Env. Engineering, University of

Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Secondary flow in subaerial meandering channels


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Secondary flow in subaerial meandering channels

Normally-directed secondary flow:

near-bed transverse flow is toward the inner bank

Wabash river

Lateral Accretion

Secondary flow sediments are moved and then deposited at the inner bank

The basic principles of secondary flow


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The basic principles of secondary flow

outerinner

z

n

Streamwise velocity us(z) creates outer centrifugal force ~ us2

Superelevation creates inner pressure force ~ Dh

The two forcesbalance in the

mean, but

Centrifugal

force

Pressure

force

Centrifugal force wins

near the surface, and

Pressure force wins near

the bed.

Result:

normally-directed secondary flow:

inward near the bottom

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What about submarine meandering channels?


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Amazon Submarine Fan

(Pirmez, 1995)

g

Complex planform shapes

Experimentos


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ADV velocity measurements

Water surface

Interface

p

3 sets: 8%, 10%, 12%

and obtained near-bed normally-directed secondary flow


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S15

S16

S17

S14

S13

(b)(a)

(d) (c) outer bank

inner bank

(a) Plan view, (b) dye injected at S13, (c) Top view at S15, (d) dye injected at S16

and obtained near bed normally directed secondary flow


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s

n

Contours Umag, Vectors Un and Uz components

The experiments by Sequeiros et al. (2010) allowed determination


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The experiments by Sequeiros et al. (2010) allowed determination

of these structure functions in a straight channel

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0 10 20 30

us [cm/s]

z

[cm]

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0 20 40 60

s [gr/l]

velocity

concentration

cs

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

0 5 10 15 20

u [cm/s]

z

[cm]

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

0 20 40 60 80 100

s [gr/l]

velocity

concentration

cs

Frd = 1.87

Frd = 0.61

Saline currents

d

U

g h

DFr

Theory was developed Does our theory apply to field cases?


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Amazon Pirmez &

Imran Cf= 0.005

(L~67 Km)(L~730 Km)

(Mod. Frd)

Supercritical

Subcritical

Amazon

Modern cases:


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Mississippi

~ 50 Km

Mississippi

~ 280 Km

Bengal

~ 350 Km

http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/gg/gebco/gebco_maps.php

Application to the Amazon canyon-fan


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system

Supercritical

Subcritical

IMPLICATIONS FOR CHANNEL EVOLUTION


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Meandering submarine channels must a some point go through a stage of

migration and sinuosity increase. Normally-directed secondary flow

helps promote this. Lateral Accretion Packages, Abreu et al. (2003)

Lower Miocene Green Channel Complex offshore Angola


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Mensaje del da


Necesitamos mas investigacin sobre todo en la selva peruana

Necesitamos especialistas en hidrulica fluvial sobre todo en la selva

Necesitamos que la ingeniera hidrulica interactu con otras disciplinas

Necesitamos INGENIEROS con vocacin ambientalista, hay que preservar el lugar donde vivimos


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Center for Research and Education of the Amazonian Rainforest(CREAR)


Servicio Nacional de Meteorologa e Hidrologa del Per


Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana

Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana

Universidad Cientfica del Per

Autoridad Portuaria Nacional



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Center for Research and Education of the Amazonian Rainforest(CREAR)

Center for Research and Education of the Amazonian Rainforest


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June-July 2012: Exploring the Peruvian rainforest, a living experience on research and

human-nature interaction

Geography and Climate, Precipitation in the Amazonian region SENHAMI

Ecology I: Fauna in Amazonian region (mammals, birds,

reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects)

Peruvian Amazon Research Institute (IIAP)

UNAP

Engineering issues related to the Amazonian Region Jorge D. Abad

University of Pittsburgh

Social aspects of the Amazonian Region Universidad Cientfica del Per (UCP)

Peruvian Amazon Research Institute (IIAP)

Ecology II: Flora in the Amazonian Region (e.g. plants) Peruvian Amazon Research Institute (IIAP)

Health issues and languages in the Amazonian Region TBA

Navigation along the Amazon River Hugo Montoro

Chief of the Directorate of Hydrography and

Navigation, Peruvian NavyEconomy and Ports along the Amazon River Luis Romani

Chief of the National Authority of Ports, Iquitos

Anthropogenic issues in the Amazonian region Jorge D. Abad

University of Pittsburgh

UNAP

(CREAR)



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National Park: Pacaya-Samiria:

The Peruvian Venice, Belen town:

Visit to Native Peruvian Community (Bora)

Navigating along the Amazon River

National Park: Jenaro Herrera

(CREAR)



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(CREAR)

Documents

La Ingeniería Hidráulica: Aplicaciones no convencionales en áreas no convencionales, avances en métodos experimentales, mediciones de campo y modelamiento matemático