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Siemens Information Systems Ltd.

SIEMENS

ABAP/4 Program Types

Report Programs

Conventional Report

Interactive Report

Online Programs

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Developing Online Programs

Object Browser

Screen Painter ABAP/4 Editor

ABAP/4 Dictionary

Menu Painter

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Screen Components

Screen PainterScreen

Attributes

Screen

Layout

Field

Attributes

Flow Logic

PBO & PAI

Generated

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Screen Layout

1 2

34

5

6

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ABAP/4 Program Components

Top Include

MZ…TOP

PBO Modules

MZ…O01

PAI Modules

MZ..I01

ABAP/4

SAPM...

Subroutines

MZ…F01

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Online Program Processing Control

DYNPRO PROCESSOR ABAP/4 PROCESSOR

** SCREEN 9000 **

PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT.

MODULE CLEAR.

PROCESS AFTER INPUT.MODULE CHECK.

MODULE SELECT.

** SCREEN 9001 **


PROCESS AFTER INPUT.

MODULE UPDATE.

** INCLUDE MZAVGO01

MODULE CLEAR OUTPUT.

. . .

ENDMODULE.

** INCLUDE MZAVGI01

MODULE CHECK INPUT.

. . .

ENDMODULE.

MODULE SELECT INPUT.

. . .ENDMODULE.

MODULE UPDATE INPUT.

. . .

ENDMODULE.

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Online Program Work Areas

Screen Work Area Program Work Area

PBO

PAI

Identical

Names

name

Aaron

phone

215-387-3232

city

Philadelphia

DATA name(10).

Aaron

DATA num(12).

DATA city(20).Philadelphia

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Overview

Player Average

Total Points

Total Games

165

6

Player Average

Total Points

Total Games

165

6

27.50Points/Game

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Creating an Online Program

Program Attributes

Title

Type “M”

Application

Online program name

must begin with

“SAPM” and then

either a “Y” or “Z”.

Go back to

Object Browser,

not source code.

“With TOP INCL.”

should be checked.

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Object Browser

Main Program Top Include** SAPMZAVG **

INCLUDE MZAVGTOP.

** MZAVGTOP - Include Program **

PROGRAM SAPMZAVG.

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Online Program Components

Enter a screen

number and click

on the „Create‟

pushbutton.

Above 9000

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Screen Attributes

Screen Attributes

Screen Painter

ShortDescription

Screen Type Next Screen

required required optional

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Screen Layout

Fullscreen Editor

Player_Average

Total_Points ______

Total_Games ______ Input/output

templates are

created with

underscores.

Use an

underscore to

link words into

one text field.

Screen Painter

Text fields are

created with

character

strings.

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Field Attributes

Field List

Screen Painter

Field name,

not text

“Field Types” View

Field format

Input and

output

turned “on”

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Flow Logic

Flow LogicScreen Painter


MODULE INITIALIZE.


MODULE CALCULATE.

Flow

Logic

Command

ABAP/4 module to

clear all fields

before screen is

displayed.

ABAP/4 module to

calculate average

after user has

entered values and

pressed „Enter‟.

Screen 9000

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ABAP/4 Modules

Main Program** SAPMZAVG **

INCLUDE MZAVGTOP.

INCLUDE MZAVGO01.

INCLUDE MZAVGI01.

PBO Module** MZAVGO01 - Include Program **

MODULE INITIALIZE OUTPUT.

CLEAR: POINTS, GAMES, AVERAGE.

ENDMODULE.

PAI Module** MZAVGI01 - Include Program **

MODULE CALCULATE INPUT.

CHECK GAMES <> 0.

AVERAGE = POINTS / GAMES.

ENDMODULE.

The fields POINTS,

GAMES, and

AVERAGE need

to be defined as

global data.

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Global Data

Top Include

** MZAVGTOP - Include Program **

PROGRAM SAPMZAVG.

DATA: POINTS TYPE I,

GAMES TYPE I,

AVERAGE TYPE P

DECIMALS 2.

Main Program

** SAPMZAVG **

INCLUDE MZAVGTOP.

INCLUDE MZAVGO01.

INCLUDE MZAVGI01.

It is important that these

program fields are named

the same as the screen

fields so AUTOMATIC

DATA TRANSPORT will

occur between the screen

work area and program

work area.

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Executing an Online Program

Transaction Code

Transaction

Text

F8

Program

NameInitial Screen

required required required

SAPMZAVG 9000

S f S

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Question???


MODULE CALCULATE.


Screen 9001


MODULE INITIALIZE.


MODULE CALCULATE.

Screen 9000

We could have calculated the player‟s average in the PBO of

screen 9001. Why is it better to do the calculation in the PAI

of screen 9000 instead of the PBO of screen 9001?

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Overview

Screen Painter

Screen

Attributes

Screen

Layout

FieldAttributes

Flow Logic

Always

remember to

generate

Si I f ti S t Ltd

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Field List versus Field Attributes

Attributes

Si I f ti S t Ltd

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Fullscreen Editor Editing Functions

Player_Average

Total_Points ______

Total_Games ______

Select

Move

Si I f ti S t Ltd

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Graphical Elements

1 2

34

5

6

Si I f ti S t Ltd

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Radio Buttons

Which_Area?

_ ABAP/4

_ MM

_ SD _ PP

_ FI/CO

_ HR

Radio buttons are created

as single character

input/output templates.

Radio buttons

must be defined as

a graphical group

to make them

mutually exclusive.

The “label” for the radio

button should have the

same field name as the

radio button itself.

Graphical element

Radio buttons

Si I f ti S t Ltd

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Check Boxes

Which_Courses?

_ Course_1

_ Course_2

_ Course_3 _ Course_4

Check boxes are created

as single character

input/output templates.

The “label” for the checkbox should have the

same field name as the

check box itself.

Graphical element

Checkboxes

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Frames

Which_Courses?

_ Course_1

_ Course_2 _ Course_3

_ Course_4

Frames are created with a“title” at the top of the

box. This “title” must be a

single text field.

Graphical element

Box

Sel. box end

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Pushbuttons

Enroll_for_Courses

Pushbuttons arecreated from text fields.

Graphical element

Pushbuttons

Pushbuttons must be

assigned a function code.

You can also define afunction type for a

pushbutton.

They can also contain an

icon.


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Scrollable Fields

ABAP/4 Course #3

Description

Instructor

This course covers online programming techniques.

Anthon, Dionne

ABAP/4 Course #3

Description

Instructor

course covers online prog

Anthon, Dionne

scrollable field

Scrollable fields have a VISIBLE LENGTH

that is smaller than the DEFINED LENGTH.

Only Char Fields

These lengths

are “attributes”

of a field.


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Using Matchcodes

ABAP/4 Course #3

Description

Instructor

This course covers online

Anthon, Dionne

Anthon, Dionne

Bacon, Patricia

Banning, Mark

Cooper, Angela

Shepski, Lee

Matchcode is an

“attribute” of a field.It can only be used

on input/output

templates.

If you assign a matchcode to anINPUT/OUTPUT TEMPLATE, you

will see a drop-down arrow to

get a list of possible values (F4).


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Academy Awards Table

YMOVIEDatabase Table

AAYear

Category

Winner Notes

Critic


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Academy Awards Online Program

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump

Notes The Shawshank Redemption should have won.

All of these screenfields, except for the

Academy Awards title,

will be “painted” from

ABAP/4 Dictionary

fields.


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“Paint” Dictionary Fields

Screen Painter

By selecting a“Key word”

size, you will

get a text field.

By selecting

“Yes” for

“Template”,

you will get an

input/output

template.

Select the desired fields.


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Field List for Dictionary Fields

“Field Types” View

The fields “painted” from the

ABAP/4 Dictionary are

automatically named

“<table name>-<field name>”.

Screen Painter

These fields are

marked as referring

to ABAP/4

Dictionary fields.


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Use Dictionary Fields

** MZA01O01 - PBO Modules **


CLEAR YMOVIE.

ENDMODULE.

** MZA01TOP - Top Include **

PROGRAM SAPMZA01.

TABLES YMOVIE.


MODULE INITIALIZE.


MODULE

SELECT_LISTING.

Screen 9000

** MZA01I01 - PAI Modules **

MODULE SELECT_LISTING INPUT.

* code to select record from YMOVIE

ENDMODULE.

When you“paint” screen fields from

the ABAP/4 Dictionary, you define

the program fields with the

“TABLES” statement.


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Online Help for Dictionary Fields

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Data element

short text

Data element

documentationData element

supplemental

documentation

• system-wide

• automatic

• system-wide

• only if maintained

• screen-specific

• only if maintained

If a screen field is“painted” from the

ABAP/4 Dictionary,

it points to a data

element and the

data element‟s

online help.

F1


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ABAP/4 Dictionary Integration

Academy Awards

Year

Category

Academy Awards

Year

Category

If a change is made to an ABAP/4 Dictionary field (e.g., category

length is changed from 3 to 6 characters) and the appropriate

Dictionary objects are reactivated, the change will take effect

throughout the system where this field is used.

Execute

transaction

Notice

change in

“Category”

field length

Execute

transaction


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Automatic Checks

Required Field Entered ?

Proper Format ?

Foreign Key Value ?

Valid Value ?

Values in all

input/output

templates are

checked for …

Values in

input/output

templates “painted”from the ABAP/4

Dictionary are

checked for …


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Timing of Automatic Checks

SCREEN PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT.


MODULE ONE.

MODULE TWO.

YESNO

Module “ONE”

executed.

Module “TWO”

executed.

Go to PBO of

next screen

Data transport from

screen fields to

program fields with the

same names.

Automatic

Screen Field

Checks OK?

Enter


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Required Field Check

Academy Awards

Year

Category

?

PIC

Fields can be marked asrequired two ways: (1) use

a question mark “?” as the

first character of an

input/output template or

(2) check “on” the field

attribute for required entry.

E: Required entry not made

Academy Awards

Year

Category

?

PICIf a required field is not entered,

the system will display the

error message: “Required

entry not made”.

Enter


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Academy Awards

Year

Category

19a4

PIC

Field Format Check

E: Enter a numeric value

E: Invalid date

Academy Awards

Year

Category

19a4

PIC

The AAYEAR field in the YMOVIE table has the

NUMC (numeric character)

data type. The system will

automatically check that

the user has entered all

numbers in this field.

If a field format is incorrect, the

system will display an

appropriate error message.

Enter


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Foreign Key Check

Address Information

Customer # C32

E: Entry C32 does not exist (please check your entry)

Address Information

Customer # C32

This customer number field“painted” from the ABAP/4

Dictionary has a foreign key

relationship maintained. Because

of this relationship, you will see a

drop-down arrow to get a list of

possible values (F4).

If the value entered does not exist in the foreign key (check)

table, the system will display the error message: “Entry <x>

does not exist (please check your entry)”.

Enter


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Valid Value Check

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PI

E: Please enter a valid value

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PI

The CATEGORY field in the YMOVIE table points to a

domain with a set of valid

values. Because of this set of

valid values, you will see a

drop-down arrow to get a list

of possible values (F4).

If a valid value is not

entered, the system will

display the error message:

“Please enter a valid value”.

Enter


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Overview

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

Winner No record exists

Notes

Enter Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

E: No record exists

XInstead of informing the user

on the second screen that a

record does not exist, wewant to issue a message on

the first screen.


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MESSAGE Statement


PROGRAM SAPMZA02 MESSAGE-ID ZA.

TABLES YMOVIE.




IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

YMOVIE-WINNER = „No record exists‟.

MESSAGE E001.

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.

t = message type

nnn = message number

--------------------------------------

var1 = message variable 1

var2 = message variable 2var3 = message variable 3

var4 = message variable 4

MESSAGE <tnnn> [WITH <var1> <var2> <var3> <var4>].

Message class (ID)

must be specified on

PROGRAM statement

in Top Include.

MESSAGE statement in PAI

module of first screen.


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User Messages Table

T100User Messages

Language (key)Message ID (key)

Message # (key)

Message Text

Actual message displayed to

the user with the MESSAGE

statement.

Logon language

Message ID specified on

PROGRAM statement

Message # (nnn) specified

in MESSAGE statement


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Message Types

The message

type determines

where the

message is

displayed and

what action the

user can or

must take onthe current

screen.

S: success

I: information

A: abend

X: exit

W: warning

E: error

i

X


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Success Message

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

Winner

Notes

No record exists

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

MESSAGE S001.PAI Module of 1st Screen

The SUCCESSmessage is displayed

at the bottom of the

next screen; therefore,

the user cannot

make any changes to

the values on thecurrent screen.

Enter


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Information Message

MESSAGE I001.PAI Module of 1st ScreenAcademy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

The INFORMATIONmessage is displayed on

the current screen in a

dialog box. The user

cannot make any changes

to the values on the

current screen. After pressing the „Enter‟ key on

the dialog box, the user

will be taken to the

next screen.

i

i No record exists

Enter


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Abend Message

MESSAGE A001.PAI Module of 1st Screen

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

The ABEND message isdisplayed on the current

screen in a dialog box.

The user cannot make any

changes to the values on

the current screen.

After pressing the „Enter‟key on the dialog box,

the transaction will

be terminated.

No record exists

Enter


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Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

W: No record exists

Warning Message

PAI Module of 1st ScreenAcademy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

The WARNING message is

displayed at the bottom of

the current screen. The

user can make changes to

the values on the current

screen, but does not haveto make any changes.

After pressing the „Enter‟

key on the current screen,

the user will be taken to

the next screen.

MESSAGE W001.Enter


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Error Message

MESSAGE E001.

PAI Module of 1st ScreenAcademy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

E: No record exists

The ERROR message is

displayed at the bottom of

the current screen. The

user must make changes to

the values on the current

screen. After pressing the„Enter‟ key on the current

screen, the user will be

taken to the next screen

only if the appropriate

corrections were made.

XEnter


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Problem !!!

When we issue a WARNING or ERROR message, the system

stops on the current screen to allow the user to make

corrections; however, these fields are not open for input.

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

W: No record exists

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

E: No record exists


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Overview

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

E: No record exists

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

E: No record exists

User-defined check

without flagging fields

as open for input

User-defined check

with flagging fields as

open for input

Enter


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User-Defined Checks

Issue error or warning message

in PAI ModuleMethod #1

Issue error or warning

message with Flow Logic

SELECT statementMethod #2

Define valid values with Flow

Logic VALUES statementMethod #3


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Flow Logic FIELD Statement


message in PAI Module


message with Flow Logic

SELECT statement

Define valid values

with Flow Logic

VALUES statement

Flow Logic FIELD statement

keeps a single screen field

open for input on an error or

warning message.


FIELD <screen field>

MODULE <module name>.


FIELD <screen field>SELECT * FROM <table> . . . .


FIELD <screen field>

VALUES (<value1>, <value2>).

Flow

Logic

Command


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PAI Module Check

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

E: No record exists


FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR

MODULE SELECT_LISTING.




IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

MESSAGE E001.

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.

This Flow Logic FIELD

statement will leave the YMOVIE-AAYEAR screen field

open for input if an error or

warning message is issued in

the SELECT_LISTING module.

Enter


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Flow Logic SELECT Check

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

E: No record exists

This Flow Logic SELECT statement will retrieve one record. If no record matches,

an error message is issued. The Flow Logic FIELD statement will leave the

YMOVIE-AAYEAR screen field open for input if this error message is issued.


FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEARSELECT * FROM YMOVIE

WHERE AAYEAR = YMOVIE-AAYEAR

AND CATEGORY = YMOVIE-CATEGORY

INTO YMOVIE

WHENEVER NOT FOUND

SEND ERRORMESSAGE 001.

Flow

Logic

Command

Enter

. SY-SUBRC WILL

NOT WORK

SEND WARNING001.


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Flow Logic VALUES Check

This Flow Logic VALUES statement defines a set of valid

values for the screen field specified in the FIELD statement. If

the value entered in this field is not in the valid set, an error message will be issued by the system. The Flow Logic FIELD

statement will leave the YMOVIE-AAYEAR screen field open

for input if this error message is issued.

PROCESS AFTER INPUT.FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR

VALUES (BETWEEN „1927‟ AND „1996‟). Flow

Logic

Command

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PIC

E: Please enter a valid value

Enter

NOT

NOT BETWEENany combination

of above


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Multiple Fields Open for Input

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1932

PIC

E: No record exists

This Flow Logic CHAIN and ENDCHAIN group the FIELD statements and the

MODULE statement together. The Flow Logic FIELD statements will leave both the

YMOVIE-AAYEAR and YMOVIE-CATEGORY screen fields open for input if an error

or warning message is issued in the SELECT_LISTING module.


CHAIN.FIELD: YMOVIE-AAYEAR,

YMOVIE-CATEGORY.


ENDCHAIN.

Flow

Logic

Command

Enter

Not one

statement


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Enter

Restarting PAI Processing


FIELD A MODULE CHECK1.

CHAIN.

FIELD: B, C.

MODULE CHECK2.

ENDCHAIN.

FIELD A MODULE CHECK3.

MODULE NEXT_SCREEN.If an error or warning message is

issued in the CHECK3 module, the

screen will be “repainted” when

the message is displayed.

Field “A” will be open for input

on the redisplayed screen.

PAI processing will berestarted at the first

“FIELD A” statement.


D T i PAI E

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Enter

Data Transport in PAI Event


MODULE ONE.

FIELD A MODULE TWO.

CHAIN:

FIELD: B, C.

MODULE THREE.

ENDCHAIN.

FIELD A MODULE FOUR.

Data transported from screen fields

D and E to program fields D and E.

Fields A, B, and C are not

transported yet because these fields

are in a FIELD statement.

Data transport for field A.

Module “ONE” executed.

Module “TWO” executed.

Data transport for fields B and C.

Module “THREE” executed.

Module “FOUR” executed.

Go to PBO of next screen

YES

A

BC

D

E

NO

AutomaticScreen Field

Checks

OK?


Q ti ???

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Questions???


FIELD A .

FIELD BSELECT * FROM TABLE

WHERE FIELD1 = A

AND FIELD2 = B

INTO TABLE

WHENEVER NOT FOUNDSEND ERRORMESSAGE 001.

FIELD A VALUES (BETWEEN „1‟ AND „32‟).

This FIELD statement is not

associated with a PAI module, a

Flow Logic SELECT statement, or a

Flow Logic VALUES statement;

however, it is essential for the

execution of this PAI event.WHY???

If this error message is

issued, will screen field

“A” be open for input?


O i

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Overview

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Execute

transactionDefault

Values

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump


Cursor

Positioning


D f lti Fi ld V l

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Defaulting Field Values

PBO ModuleMethod #1

Parameter IDsMethod #2

Hold DataMethod #3


PBO M d l

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PBO Module



CLEAR YMOVIE.

YMOVIE-AAYEAR = „1994‟.

YMOVIE-CATEGORY = „PIC‟.

ENDMODULE.


MODULE INITIALIZE.

Screen 9000

PBO Module

Executetransaction

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC


P t ID

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Parameter IDs

Parameter ID Memory

YYR = <value> YCT = <value>

„AAYEAR‟ Data Element

Parameter

ID „YYR‟

„CATEGORY‟ Data Element

Parameter

ID „YCT‟

This memory isuser and logon

specific


U i P t ID

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Using Parameter IDs

“SET/GETPARAMETER ID”

ABAP/4

Statement

“SPA/GPA”

Field Attributes

OR

Need to store

values in the

global memoryarea and then to

retrieve values

from it.


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SET/GET PARAMETER ID Statement

** MZA04O01 - PBO Modules **MODULE INITIALIZE OUTPUT.

YMOVIE-AAYEAR = „1994‟.

YMOVIE-CATEGORY = „PIC‟.

GET PARAMETER ID „YYR‟ FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR.

GET PARAMETER ID „YCT‟ FIELD YMOVIE-CATEGORY.

ENDMODULE.




SET PARAMETER ID „YYR‟ FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR.

SET PARAMETER ID „YCT‟ FIELD YMOVIE-CATEGORY.

ENDMODULE.

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Parameter ID Memory

YYR = 1994

YCT = PIC

G E T

S E T


SPA/GPA Fi ld Att ib t

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SPA/GPA Field Attributes

Notice the

parameter

ID name

“General Attributes” View

You can check the

“GPA” field attribute

instead of coding the

“GET PARAMETER ID”

statement in a

PBO module.

You can check the “SPA”

field attribute instead of

coding the “SET

PARAMETER ID”

statement in a PAI module.

Timing?

Invalid?

Conditional?


Hold Data

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Hold Data

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

“System > User profile > Hold data”

menu path

If the user selects the “System > User profile > Hold data” menu path

on a screen and the screen has been set up for “Hold data” in the

screen attributes, the values on the screen will be saved by the system

for the next time the user comes to the screen during the current logon.

Screen Attributes

Short Description

Screen Type

Hold DataX


Cursor Position

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Cursor Position

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump


Upon entering a screen, the cursor will

automatically be positioned in the first

input/output template open for input unlessyou position the cursor in a different field

using the screen attributes or a PBO module.


Positioning the Cursor

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Positioning the Cursor

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump


Screen AttributesShort Description

Screen Type

Cursor position YMOVIE-NOTES

** PBO Module **


SET CURSOR FIELD

„YMOVIE-NOTES‟.

ENDMODULE.

OR

New Cursor

Position


Overview

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Overview

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Exit Edit Loop

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump


Exit Update

Menu Painter

Using the Menu Painter, we can

add pushbuttons to the application

toolbar on both screens.

***Important Questions***

Where do you set the GUI status/title?

What type of GUI status is used?

How do you check the function code triggered?

What are the different function types?


Menu Painter

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Menu Painter

Menu Painter Create function codes

with a four-character

(maximum) identifier.

Function Key

AssignmentsStandard

Toolbar

Application

Toolbar Menubar


Set GUI Status/Title in PBO Module

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Set GUI Status/Title in PBO Module



IF SY-DYNNR = 9000.

SET PF-STATUS „FIRST‟.

SET TITLEBAR „ONE‟.

ELSE.

SET PF-STATUS „SECOND‟.

SET TITLEBAR „TWO‟.

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.


MODULE INITIALIZE.

Screen 9000


MODULE INITIALIZE.

Screen 9001

SY-DYNNR =

current

screen

number

Notice that the call to module

“INITIALIZE” in the PBO of

each screen refers to the

same ABAP/4 module.


GUI Status Type

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GUI Status Type

Screen Type

Normal

Screen Type

Modal Dialog Box

GUI Status Type

Screen

GUI Status Type

Dialog Box

Screen type defined in

the Screen Attributes of

the Screen Painter.

GUI status type defined

in the Menu Painter.


Checking Function Code Triggered

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Checking Function Code Triggered


PROGRAM SAPMZA05 MESSAGE-IDZA.

TABLES YMOVIE.

DATA OKCODE(4).

To check the OK Code of an

online program, you must define

this field in both the screen(Field List) and the program work

area (Top Include). Remember

that these fields must be given

the same name.


Using the OKCODE

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Using the OKCODE



IF OKCODE = „EDIT‟.


ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.



* code to set GUI status/title

CLEAR OKCODE.

ENDMODULE.

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Exit Edit Loop

We only want to select a

record from YMOVIE if the

user has invoked the „EDIT‟

function code (e.g., clicked

on the „Edit‟ pushbutton).

You should “clear out” the

OKCODE before a screen is

displayed so an old value

does not remain if the user

presses „Enter‟.

Function Code will always be capital


Function Types

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Function Types

Function Code

Type „ ‟ Type „E‟ Type „S‟ Type „T‟

EXITAT

CURSOR-

SELECTION

LEAVE TOTRANSACTION


Overview

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Overview

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Exit Edit Loop

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump


Critic Dean Enter Name

Exit Update

Currently, the screen

sequence of our online

program is determined by

static “ Next Screen”

attributes on each screen.

We will learn how to

dynamical ly set the screen

sequence and add a pop-up

dialog box to enter a critic‟s

name.


LEAVE SCREEN Statement

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LEAVE SCREEN Statement


MODULE INITIALIZE.


MODULE ONE.

MODULE TWO.

Screen 9000

“Next Screen”

attribute is 9001. ** PAI Modules **MODULE ONE INPUT.

. . .

LEAVE SCREEN.

. . .

ENDMODULE.

MODULE TWO INPUT.

. . .

ENDMODULE.

When LEAVE SCREEN is encountered, the system

immediately terminates the current screen‟s PAI

event and goes to the PBO event of the screen

specified in the “Next Screen” attribute.


SET SCREEN Statement

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SET SCREEN Statement


FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR

VALUES (BETWEEN „1927‟ AND „1996‟).

CHAIN.

FIELD: YMOVIE-AAYEAR,

YMOVIE-CATEGORY.


ENDCHAIN.

Screen 9000

“Next Screen”

attribute is 9000.

** MZA06I01 - PAI Modules **MODULE SELECT_LISTING INPUT.


SET SCREEN 9001.

* code to select record from

YMOVIE

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.

When SET SCREEN is encountered,the system temporarily ignores the

value in the “Next Screen” attribute

and uses the value specified

instead. The current screen‟s PAI

processing is not terminated.


LEAVE TO SCREEN Statement

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LEAVE TO SCREEN Statement


FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR


CHAIN.

FIELD: YMOVIE-AAYEAR,

YMOVIE-CATEGORY.


ENDCHAIN.

Screen 9000

“Next Screen”

attribute is 9000.





LEAVE TO SCREEN 9001.

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.

When LEAVE TO SCREEN is

encountered, the systemterminates the current screen‟s

PAI event and immediately goes

to the PBO event of the screen

specified in the statement.


CALL SCREEN Statement

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CALL SCREEN Statement

Academy Awards

Year

Category

Winner

Notes should have won.

Critic Enter Name

Exit Update

Enter critic‟s name

Dean

Titlebar

Exit

CALL SCREEN 9002 STARTING AT 30 5 ENDING AT 60 10.

This ABAP/4 code would be in a

PAI module for screen 9001.

Screen 9002 is a

“Modal dialog box”

type screen with a

“Dialog box” type

GUI status.

Gl b l t k


Leaving a “Called” Screen

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Leaving a Called Screen


MODULE INITIALIZE.


MODULE END.

Screen 9002** MZA06O01 - PBO Modules **


* set GUI status and titlebar

* depending on screen number

* and clear okcode

ENDMODULE.


MODULE END INPUT.

LEAVE TO SCREEN 0.ENDMODULE.Because screen 9002 was

“called”, SCREEN 0 refers to

the “calling” screen (9001).

“Next Screen”

attribute is 9002.

Gl b l t k


Question ???

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Question ???

Screen Attributes

Short Description

Screen Type

Next screen 9100

Screen 9100

Screen Attributes

Short Description

Screen Type

Next screen

Screen 9100

What happens after all PAI

modules are processed and

the “next screen” is itself?

What happens after all PAI

modules are processed and

the “next screen” is blank?

Gl b l t k


Overview

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Overview

ON INPUT

ON REQUEST

AT EXIT-

COMMAND

Conditional

Execution

Flow Logic

Additions

AT CURSOR-

SELECTION

ALWAYS IN

PAI

Gl b l t k


ON INPUT

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ON INPUT


FIELD A MODULE CHECK ON INPUT.

Module “CHECK” will be executed only if the

value in field A is not equal to the initial valueappropriate to its data type (e.g., blanks for

character fields and zeroes for numeric fields).

ON CHAIN-INPUT.

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ON REQUEST

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ON REQUEST


FIELD A MODULE CHECK ON REQUEST.

Module “CHECK” will be executed on ly

if a value has been entered in field Asince the screen was displayed.

ON CHAIN- REQUEST.

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AT EXIT-COMMAND

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AT EXIT COMMAND


MODULE END AT EXIT-COMMAND.

Module “END” will be executed only if

the user invoked a function code withthe „E‟ function type.

Global network


Timing of AT EXIT-COMMAND

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Timing of AT EXIT COMMAND

Automatic

Screen Field

Checks

OK?

YES

NO

Go to PBO of

next screen

SCREEN

Type „E‟

Function CodePROCESS AFTER INPUT.

MODULE CHECK.


Module “END”

executed.

Module “CHECK”

executed.

Data transport from screen

fields to program fields with

the same names.

NO DATA TRANSPORT

IF NO TERMINATION IN

EXIT_COMMAND THEN PROCESSING

FROM TOP TO BOTTOM OF PAI

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AT EXIT-COMMAND Example

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AT EXIT COMMAND Example

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1910

PI

Exit Edit LoopPROCESS AFTER INPUT.

FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR


CHAIN.

FIELD: YMOVIE-AAYEAR, YMOVIE-CATEGORY.

MODULE SELECT_LISTING.ENDCHAIN.


If the user invokes the „EXIT‟ function code (e.g., clicking

on „Exit‟), we will terminate the transaction. Because thisfunction code is type „E‟, we can use AT EXIT-COMMAND

to have the module “END” executed immediately (even

before the automatic field checks).

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AT CURSOR-SELECTION (1)

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AT CURSOR SELECTION (1)


FIELD A MODULE SEL1

AT CURSOR-SELECTION.MODULE SEL2 AT CURSOR-SELECTION.

Module “SEL1” will be executed on ly if the user

invoked the function code „CS‟ with the „S‟ function

type and the cursor was positioned in field A.

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AT CURSOR-SELECTION (2)

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AT CURSOR SELECTION (2)


FIELD A MODULE SEL1

AT CURSOR-SELECTION.

MODULE SEL2 AT CURSOR-SELECTION.

Module “SEL2” will be executed only if the user

invoked the function code „CS‟ with the „S‟ function

type and the cursor was no t positioned in field A.

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Overview

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INSERT

UPDATE

DELETE

MODIFY

Database

Global network


INSERT I: SAP Short Form

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TABLES: SPLAN.

...

MOVE 'BC' TO SPLAN-AREA.

MOVE 'BC220' TO SPLAN-COURSE.

MOVE '23' TO SPLAN-WEEK.

MOVE ....

..

.

.

.

INSERT SPLAN.

ABAP/4

AREA COURSE WEEK TID1 TID2 TID3

BC BC220 23 . . .

Table work area SPLAN

SPLAN

DB

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INSERT II: SAP Long Form

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TABLES: SPLAN.

...

DATA : REC LIKE SPLAN.

.

..MOVE 'BC' TO REC-AREA.MOVE 'BC220' TO REC-COURSE.MOVE '23' TO REC-WEEK.

MOVE … ...

...

IF SY-SUBRC NE 0.

g

ABAP/4


BC BC220 23 . . .Table work area SPLAN

INSERT INTO SPLAN

VALUES REC.

SPLANDB

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UPDATE I: SAP Short Form

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TABLES: SPLAN....

SELECT SINGLE * FROM SPLANWHERE AREA = 'BC'

AND COURSE = 'BC220'AND WEEK = '23'.

...

SPLAN-TID1 = '007'.

IF SY-SUBRC NE 0....

ENDIF.

UPDATE SPLAN

ABAP/4


BC BC220 23 007



BC BC220 23 . . .

SPLANDB

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UPDATE II: SAP Long Form

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TABLES: SPLAN.

TID1 = '007'

TID2 = '003'

AREA = 'BC

AND COURSE = 'BC220'

AND WEEK = '23'

g

ABAP/4

AREA COURSE WEEK TID1

UPDATE SPLAN

SET

WHERE

TID2

BC BC220 23 007 003

..

.

:

.

.

.

.

.

.

Fields to change

Criteria for keywhere update is

to occur.

Global network


UPDATE III: SAP Long Form

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g

TABLES: SPLAN.

TID1 = '007'

COURSE = 'BC220'

AND WEEK >= '23'.

ABAP/4

BC BC220 23 007

AREA COURSE WEEK TID1 TID2

BC BC220 24 007

BC BC220 25 007

BC BC220 26 007

TID3

..

.

UPDATE SPLAN

SET

WHERE

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Global network


Delete I: SAP Short Form

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TABLES: SPLAN.

SPLAN-AREA = 'BC'.SPLAN-COURSE = 'BC220'.SPLAN-WEEK = '23'.

IF SY-SUBRC NE 0.

ENDIF.

DELETE SPLAN.

ABAP/4


BC BC220 23


..

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

SPLAN

DB

Global network


DELETE II: SAP Long Form

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SIEMENS

g

TABLES: SPLAN.

AREA = 'BC'AND COURSE = 'BC220'

AND WEEK = '23'.

IF SY-SUBRC NE 0.

ENDIF

ABAP/4

AREA COURSEWEEK

BC BC220 22BC BC220 23

BC BC220 24

..

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

DELETE FROM SPLANWHERE

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DELETE III: SAP Long Form

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SIEMENS

g

TABLES: SPLAN.

WEEK = '23'.

ABAP/4

DELETE FROM SPLAN

AREA COURSE WEEK

BC BC010 23

BC BC020 23

BC BC170 23

WHERE

..

.

.

.

.

.

..

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Global network


Array Operations

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y

INSERT <table> FROM <itab>.

UPDATE <table> FROM <itab>.DELETE <table> FROM <itab>.MODIFY <table> FROM <itab>.

ABAP/4TABLES: SPLAN

DATA: BEGIN OF TAB OCCURS 10.

INCLUDE STRUCTURE SPLAN.DATA: END OF TAB.

MOVE …

APPEND TAB....

INSERT SPLAN FROM TAB.

.

.

.

TAB. . .

SPLANDB

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LUW (Logical Unit of Work)

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and Data Consistency

Update

Object 1

Update

Object 2

COMMIT COMMIT

BeforeImage

After Image

Object 1

New

Object 2

New

Object 1

Old

Object 2

Old

Object 1

New

Object 2

New

LUW Program

SPLANDB

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COMMIT WORK - ROLLBACK

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WORK

ABAP/4

( Implic i t )

(Expl ic i t )

DB-COMMIT

UPDATE 1 UPDATE 2

DB-COMMIT

SAP-COMMIT

Dialog 1 Dialog 2 Dialog 3


UPDATE <table1>.

IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.

COMMIT WORK.

ELSE.

ROLLBACK WORK.

MESSAGE E ... .

ENDIF.

UPDATE <table2>.

ENDMODULE.

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Overview

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SIEMENS

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump

Notes What about Pulp Fiction?!?

Critic Mark Enter Name

Exit Update

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump

Notes Great movie!!!

Critic Ellen Enter Name

Exit Update

Currently, multiple users can

edit the same record at the

same t ime . We will learn how

to prevent this occurrence.

Global network


Locking Database Records

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Database Lock

Database

Table

ABAP/4

Program

Logical Lock

In an ABAP/4 program, logical locking ensures that

only one user can edit a record at any one time.

Global network

f


Lock Objects

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SIEMENS

ABAP/4 Dictionary

Primary

Table

Lock

Argues

YMOVIE AAYEAR

CATEGORY

LockObject

Sec

Table

Lock

Mode

Activate

EY_

EZ_dbname

Global network

f i ti


Function Modules

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CALL FUNCTION

„ENQUEUE _EZ_YMOVIE‟

EXPORTING

AAYEAR = YMOVIE-AAYEAR

CATEGORY = YMOVIE-CATEGORY

EXCEPTIONS

FOREIGN_LOCK = 1

SYSTEM_FAILURE = 2

OTHER = 3.

IF SY-SUBRC = 1.

MESSAGE E004.

ENDIF.

CALL FUNCTION

„DEQUEUE _EZ_YMOVIE‟ EXPORTING

AAYEAR = YMOVIE-AAYEAR

CATEGORY = YMOVIE-CATEGORY

EXCEPTIONS

OTHER = 1.

If a “lock” already exists for the record, the

“ENQUEUE” function module will raise the

“foreign lock” exception. If a “lock” does not

exist, this function module will “lock” the record.

If a “lock” exists for the

record, the “DEQUEUE”

function module will remove

the “lock” on the record.

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f i ti


Locking and Unlocking

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PERFORM LOCK.


ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.


IF OKCODE = „UPDA‟.

UPDATE YMOVIE.

* code to commit or rollback

PERFORM UNLOCK.

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.

This subroutine will “call”

the function module

“ENQUEUE_EZ_YMOVIE” to

check if the record is

already “locked” or to

“lock” the record.

This subroutine will “call”

the function module

“DEQUEUE_EZ_YMOVIE”

to “unlock” the record.

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f i ti


Overview

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SIEMENS

Dynamic Screen Modification

“Mirror Image” Table Work Area

PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST

PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST

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of inno ation


Dynamic Screen Modification (1)

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SIEMENS

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump



Exit Update

Change / Display

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump



Exit Update

Change / Display

Field attributes can be

dynamically &

temporarily modified.Avtive, required, input,

output, intensified,

invisible, length,

display 3d, value help

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Dynamic Screen Modification (2)

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MODULE INITIALIZE.

MODULE MODIFY_SCREEN.

Screen 9001


MODULE MODIFY_SCREEN OUTPUT.

* to change to display mode

LOOP AT SCREEN.

IF SCREEN-NAME = „YMOVIE-WINNER‟ OR

SCREEN-NAME = „YMOVIE-NOTES‟.

SCREEN-INPUT = 0.

MODIFY SCREEN.

ENDIF.

ENDLOOP.

ENDMODULE.

You must use a PBO module to

dynamically modify a screen.

Turn the input attribute “off”

for display mode.

Don‟t forget to update the

changes to the “SCREEN”

internal table.

Use the system‟s “SCREEN”

internal table.

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Mirror Image

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SIEMENS

Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Winner Forrest Gump



Exit Update

Change / Display

Currently, if the user clicks

on the „Update‟ pushbutton,our program will update the

record even if the user did

no t make any changes to it.

To avoid updating a

record that did not

change, we can use

a “mirror image” of the YMOVIE table

work area.


PROGRAM SAPMZA12 MESSAGE-ID ZA.

TABLES: YMOVIE, *YMOVIE .

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Mirror Image Example

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MODULE SELECT_LISTING OUTPUT.


* code to select YMOVIE record

IF SY-SUBRC = 0.

MOVE YMOVIE TO *YMOVIE.ENDIF.

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.



IF OKCODE = „UPDA‟.

IF YMOVIE = *YMOVIE.

MESSAGE S005.

ELSE.* code to update YMOVIE

ENDIF.

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.

If a record is selected, it will

be placed in the “mirror

image” table work area.

If the record has not

changed, a message will be

issued and the record will

not be updated.

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Process on Help-Request

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. . .


. . .

PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST.

FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR WITH „0001‟.

Screen 9000Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Trigger “PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST” Flow Logic event

for the particular field. This event will display the specified

supplemental documentation (e.g., „0001‟).

F1

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Process on Value-Request

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F4


. . .


. . .

PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST.

FIELD YMOVIE-AAYEAR

MODULE VALUE_LIST.

Screen 9000Academy Awards

Year

Category

1994

PIC

Trigger “PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST” Flow Logic

event for the particular field. This event will execute the

Documents

PN06_PROGTYPE_118