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Book it right & pack it tight
Revised guidebooks to the IMDG Code operational rules
for preparing dangerous goods for carriage by sea
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Book 1: Shippers & Forwarders
Book 2: Shipping lines and freight
booking agencies
Book 3: Consolidatorsmanagers
and supervisors
Book 4: Fork lift operators
and cargo handlers
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Subjects covered in this presentation
Purpose & content of the Guidebooks
Classification of dangerous goods
Creation of Shippers Declaration
Packaging & labelling
Limited quantities, mixed loads, aerosols & security
IMDG Code training
Provision of information to shipping line Summary & source of further information
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1 - Purpose & content of the Guidebooks
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What is in the Guidebooks?
Clear guidance on what you must do to comply
with the IMDG Code
Explanation of your legal duties
Practical examples
Sample documents
Photographs
Illustrations
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Format of the guidebooks
The Guidebooks all have a Part A & Part B:
Part A identifies the key operational dutieswhat you
must do and how to do it
Part B is a common reference section explaining
requirements of the IMDG Code
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What is the purpose of the Guidebooks?
1. To provide practical operational guidance to the
complex requirements of the IMDG Code
2. To provide a quick reference to the relevantIMDG Code text
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A fundamental question: What are dangerous goods?
Answer: Substances or articles that may:
kill or injure people damage ships or transport equipment
damage cargo
damage the environment (marine pollutants)
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Are there rules for shipping
dangerous goods by sea?
YESthere are strict rules for shippers,
container packers and shipping lines
The rules are contained in the
International Maritime
Dangerous Goods Code
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Failure to comply withdangerous goods rules causessevere maritime incidents .
.
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. and heavy losses
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Known as the IMDG Code
A complete instruction
manual for documentation,
packaging and carriage of
dangerous goods by sea
The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
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What is the IMDG Code?
Two volumes & a Supplement (over 800 pages)
Rules for every stage of the carriage of
dangerous goods by sea
The international UN system for classification,listing, documentation, packaging & packing of
dangerous goods
Specific legal duties for all parties arising from theSOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) Convention
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Where does the IMDG Code come from?
The IMDG Code is produced by the InternationalMaritime Organisation(IMO)
The IMO is a United Nationsagency
The IMDG Code is based on the UN inter-modaldangerous goods system and is used world-wide
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Who has duties under the IMDG Code?
Shippers & forwarders
Shipping line booking agents
Consolidators (supervisor/manager)
Fork lift drivers/container packers
Ships and shipping lines
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Must I comply with the IMDG Code rules?
YES!
Since 2004 the IMDG Code has been mandatory
in all countries by government signature at theSOLAS Conference and through the IMO
It is also mandatory to train your employees inaspects of the Code applicable to their jobs
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1. Classification &identification
2. Documentation
3. Packaging & labelling
Practical operational guidance on the Shippers IMDGCode duties regarding:
Book 1: Shippers & Forwarder
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References in this presentation
References to sections in Guidebook 1 are
always shown in yellow at bottom left hand corner
e.g.
References to text in the IMDG Code are shownin blue: See IMDG 3.2
See GuidebookPart B section4
See Guidebook
Part B section 4
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The guidebook is your quick guide to the IMDG Code
Your quickreference to
. the 800pages of the
IMDG Code
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Guidebook 1 identifies shippers key IMDG Code duties:
1. Classification of dangerous goods
2. Creation of shippers declaration
3. Packaging & labelling
4. Provision of information to the shipping line
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2 - Classification of dangerous goods
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What does classification mean?
Classification means your duty as a shipper todescribe your product and its hazard according
to the rules of the IMDG Code
e.g.- UN Number
- Proper Shipping Name of product- Class and type of hazard(s)
- Description in terms used in the IMDG Code (see examplesbelow)
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Where can classification details be found?
In the columns of the Dangerous Goods Listin
Part 3 of the IMDG Code
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What is the Dangerous Goods List?
A list containing an entry for all dangerous goods
(it takes up 169 pages of Volume 2 of the IMDG
Code)
It is the first point of reference for all enquiries
about classification or technical details of a
substance or article
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Dangerous
Goods List(diagrammatic display)
Each substanceentry has
18 columns ofclassification &
otherinformation
Substances are
listed under theirUN Number in
Column 1
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Why does the shipper need the classification details?
1. He must add the classification details to a signed
document (Shippers Declaration) that
accompanies the dangerous goods
2. He must display the classification details
on each package
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Classification factors: mandatory & conditional
There are a number of classification details shippers
must provide for each dangerous substance:
1. UN Number2. Proper Shipping Name
3. Class
4. Plus a number of conditional details such asdegree of hazard (Packing Group), flashpoint,marine pollutant, etc, depending upon thesubstance
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UN classification system
The IMDG Code uses the UN intermodal system
to classify and identify dangerous goods
Classification details for each substance are listedin the columns of the Dangerous Goods List
See GuidebookPart B sections 1-8
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Class 1 - Explosives
Class 2 - Gases
Class 3 - Flammable Liquids
Class 4 - Flammable Solids
Class 5 - Oxidising Substances
Class 6 - Toxic Substances
Class 7 - Radioactive Substances
Class 8 - Corrosives
Class 9 - Miscellaneous
Dangerous
goods are put into one
of 9 categories,
depending
upon the type ofhazard.
These are called
Classes
There are 9 hazard Classes
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Hazard classes are represented by symbols: e.g.
CLASS 3
Flammable liquidsare liquids thathave aflashpoint of below 60C
CLASS 8
Corrosivesubstances and their vapours destroyliving tissue on contact and can damage many othermaterials
CLASS 6.1
Toxic substancescause injury or death to humans byinhalation, swallowing or skin contact
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Some classes are sub-divided into divisions
Class 2.1Flammable gas
Class 2.2Non-flammable non-toxic gas
Class 2.3Toxic gas
See Guidebook Part B Section 4 for anexplanation of all the classes and sub-divisions
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Multiple hazards (Class + Sub-risk)
Some substances have more than one hazard
They have a main class and a sub-risk e.g. asubstance classed as a flammable liquid may also
be toxic:
CARBON DISULPHIDE
Class 3 + Sub-risk of
class 6.1
See GuidebookPart B section 5
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UN Number
Every dangerous substance has a UN Number
This is a unique number allocated by the UN
The UN Number is used to locate the dangerous
substance entry in the IMDG Dangerous Goods
List
e.g. UN 1170
See GuidebookPart B section 6
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All dangerous goods have a mandatory UN
Number, Proper Shipping Name & Class
Example: ETHANOL
UN Number - UN 1170
Proper Shipping Name - ETHANOL
Class - 3
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What name shall I give to my dangerous goods?
Every dangerous substance and article is listed inthe IMDG Dangerous Goods List under its ProperShipping Name
See GuidebookPart B section 7
E.g. Substance name: SULPHURIC ACID
E.g. Article name: ROCKET MOTORS
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Proper Shipping Name
Common substances & articles:
The Proper Shipping Nameis the only name youare permitted to use on your documentation and
package labelling
It is the name by which a dangerous substance islisted in the IMDG Dangerous Goods List
alphabetical index
This is the only name internationally recognised bythe United Nations dangerous goods system
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Proper Shipping Names (N.O.S. Names)
Mixtures & uncommon substances & articles:
Mixtures of dangerous substances anduncommon dangerous substances are not listed
in the Dangerous Goods List
They are shipped under generic names called
Not Otherwise Specified(N.O.S.)names
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How N.O.S Proper Shipping Names
are determined for mixtures
A mixture is subjected to classification tests to
determine if it should be assigned to any hazard
class and sub-risk
If so, the mixture is allocated a generic name thatdescribes the hazard e.g. FLAMMABLE LIQUID
N.O.S.
Each generic name is assigned a UN Number
e.g. UN 1993, FLAMMABLE LIQUID N.O.S.
See GuidebookPart B section 7
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Completing N.O.S. names
To complete an N.O.S. name the identity of the dangeroussubstance(s) must be added in brackets after the genericname e.g.
UN 1993, FLAMMABLE LIQUID N.O.S. (contains glycoland acetone)
The IMDG Code has a list containing N.O.S. generic
names that cover all combinations of hazard class andsub-riskthe IMDG Code Dangerous Goods List
Appendix A has a comprehensive list
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There are other classification details that are conditional
Conditional classification details are those that
depend upon the class nature of specific
dangerous goods
To find what details are required for a particular
substance, refer to the substance entry in the
Dangerous Goods List
See Part B sections 5, 8, 10,11, 14, 15, 16, 17 & 19 for fulldetails
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The most common conditional classification details:
1. Sub-risk
2. Packing group
3. Flashpoint (Class 3 substances only)
4. Marine pollutant
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Packing Groups: an indication of danger
Some hazard classes require the documentation to
show a Packing Group to indicate degree of hazard
Packing Group is usually shortened to PG
PG I Great danger
PG II Medium danger
PG III Low danger
See GuidebookPart B section 8
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Flashpoint
The flashpoint must be provided for:
Class 3 substances (Flammable Liquids)
Or any substance with a class 3 sub-risk
CLASS 3 - flammable liquids are liquids thathave a flashpoint of less than 60C.
See GuidebookPart B section 10
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Marine Pollutants
Substances that bio-accumulate in the marine
food chain, or are highly destructive to the marine
environment
Document must state Marine Pollutant and
packages and cargo transport units display the
marine pollutant mark.
See GuidebookPart B section 11
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Less common variable details
Some classes require other less commonconditional classification details eg:
Solid or liquid form Control & emergency temperature
Radioactivity details
Explosives details
Refer to the substance entry in the DangerousGoods List and IMDG 5.4 to see what detailsmay be required
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Reminder: How to find classification details
All classification details are found in the various
columns of the Dangerous Goods List in Part 3.2of the IMDG Code
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3Creation of shippers declaration
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Provision of dangerous goods
information from shipper to shipping line
The shipper or forwarder must provide the line with full
classification details at the initial booking stageyou will
usually be requested to complete a shipping line internal
booking request form
Later, when you despatch the goods, they must be
accompanied by a formal dangerous goods declaration
that complies with IMDG Code requirementsdetails in
the following section
:
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:
Shippersdangerous goodsdeclaration
This example of a shippers
declaration is taken frompage 20 of Guidebook 2
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Shippers dangerous goods declaration
All dangerous goods
consignments must be
accompanied by a
dangerous goods
declaration that includes
all classification details
and is signed by the
shipper
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Details required for the dangerous goods declaration
Shippers address
Consignees address
Ship & voyage details
Classification & identification Packaging description
Quantity
Leading marks
Shippers signature Place & date of signature
See Guidebook PartA sections 3 & 4
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Shippers name & address
Consignees name & address
Voyage details
Number & type of packaging
Leading marks
Classification & identification
Container details
Packing certificate details:not to be completed by theshipper, to be completed onlyby the container packer
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Details of the packaging, classification and substance identification must all
be entered on the declaration
See IMDG 5.4
See Guidebook PartA sections 3 & 4
Classification details are vital
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Classification details
Proper Shipping name Mandatory
Class MandatoryUN Number Mandatory
Sub-risk (conditional)
Packing Group (conditional)
Marine Pollutant (conditional)Flashpoint (conditional
Control & emergencytemperature (conditional)
Fumigation details (conditional)
Radiation details (Mandatoryfor Class 7)
Explosives details (Mandatoryfor Class 1)
Shippers declaration: This text
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Shippers declaration: This textconfirms that the shipper hasaccurately described hisdangerous goods and they are
correctly classified, packagedand labelled according to allnational and internationallegislation.
This is a mandatory text fromthe IMDG Code.
This is where the document is
signed and dated by theshipper
Net & gross quantity ofdangerous goods
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4Packaging & labelling
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Packaging for dangerous goods
Three principles apply to packages:
They must be made to a UN approved design
standard
The design type and size must be permitted bythe IMDG Code
Each package must be marked and labelled with
details of the dangerous goods
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UN-approved packaging design
Packages used for carriage of dangerous goods
must be built to a UNapproved design standard
that is stamped with an appropriate packaging
design code
As the shipper, it is your duty to ensure that you
select suitable UNapproved packaging for yourproduct
See GuidebookPart A section 6
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Packaging codes for UN-approved designs
Example of a UN code marked on a drum head
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Package design and size permitted by the IMDG Code
The IMDG Code specifies different package
designs and maximum safe package sizes for
different dangerous goods
These specifications are found in the individual
substance entries in the Dangerous Goods ListColumn numbers 8 to 11
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Package marking & labelling
Each package must
display warnings about
the dangerous goodsinside:
Proper Shipping Name
UN Number Class (& sub-risk if applicable)
Marine Pollutant mark (marine pollutants only)
See GuidebookPart A section 7
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There are rules for unit loads and overpacks
Each individualpackage in aunit load mustbe marked andlabelled
Overpacks must
be marked andlabelled and anOVERPACKmark must beadded
See GuidebookPart A section 7
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Packaging: Summary of shippers duties
Select suitable packaging coded with the UN-
approval mark
Only use package designs and sizes allowed bythe IMDG Code (see Dangerous Goods List)
Apply warning marks & label(s)
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5 - Limited quantities, mixed loads, aerosols& security
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Limited quantities
Dangerous goods shipped as limited quantities
are exempted some of the land and sea transport
rules
By sea the main concession is that no segregationis required from other dangerous goods
Another concession is that UN-coded packaging is
not required
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Limited quantities
In principle limited quantities means shipping insmall receptacles protected by outer packaging
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Rules for limited quantities
Weight/capacity of inner and outer packaging for
each substance is specified by the IMDG Code
(see column 7 of Dangerous Goods List)
Amended shippers declaration required Marks & labels replaced by limited quantities
mark
UN-tested packaging not required
See Guidebook Part A section 8& Part B section 9
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Segregation: Rules for controlling mixed hazard loads
Mixed loading means loading different types ofdangerous goods together in the same container
Mixed loading creates the possibility of dangerouschemical reaction
Mixed loading is prohibited unless permitted by
the IMDG Code segregation rules in IMDGsection 7.2
B th t diff t t f d
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The rules of segregation are complex - seeIMDG chapter 7.2
Be aware that different types of dangerousgoods may have to be packed into differentcontainers
See Guidebook 1Part A section 9
See Guidebook 3 (Consolidators) Part A section
12 for full details of segregation in containers
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Aerosols: special rules
Aerosols are a commonly-shipped commodity thatoften cause problems
Usually shipped as Limited Quantities(note limited quantities mark)
Aerosols have special rules for
classification, documentationand packaging
See Guidebook
Part B section 19
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6IMDG Code Training
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IMDG Code training for shippers
The IMDG Code requires that staff preparing
dangerous goods documents and cargo must be
trained to understand the rules of the IMDG Code
Shippers and packers may expect to be given
advice on classification, package marking &
labelling, documentation and segregation from theline
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Key training areas for shippers & forwarders
1. Classification of dangerous goods
2. Use of the Code Dangerous Goods List
3. Documentation requirements
4. Packaging selection, marking & labelling
See Guidebook
Part A section 1
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Have you given your staff proper IMDG Code training?
The IMDG Code requires that employers train theiremployees in both:
general dangerous goods awareness job-specific functions
Refer to the IMDG Code training schedule in
section 1.3 to check the functions in which shippersand forwarders are expected to be competent
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Security awareness
Some dangerous goods can be used to createexplosions, fires and toxic releases in a terrorist
context
All personnel should be aware of such hazardsand keep information confidential
IMDG Code Chapter 1.4 has provisions for
security of dangerous goods in transit
Ports are high security zones
See Guidebook
Part A section 2
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7Provision of information to the shipping line
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It is your legal duty to correctly declare alldangerous goods to the shipping line
Shippers & forwarders take note!
Shipper or forwarder must provide full classificationdetails to the line in advance of shipment
The information will be the same as that required on
the shippers dangerous goods declaration (IMDG 5.4)
Details will normally be required on a specialdangerous goods booking form
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8Summary of presentation & source of further
information
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What has been covered in this presentation
This presentation has looked briefly at key duties of theshipper including:
Classification
Packaging & labelling
Shippers declaration Greater detail on these and related topics will be found in
Guidebook 3.
Other Guidebooks in the series provide detailed coverage of
other topics including: Segregation
Packing certificates
Container packing & securing
Container marking and placarding
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Important Notice
The Guidebooks are a practical operational aid and
should be used alongside the IMDG Code
They are not a substitute for IMDG Code training
employees should be trained as appropriate for their job
and responsibility
Technical issues should always be checked against the
legal text of the IMDG Code
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The end
This presentation is to introduce theBook i t
Right and Pack it Tightguidebooks to a wide
audience and to promote understanding and
use of the IMDG Code. Please modify toyour own requirements
Published by:Thomas Miller P&I Ltd, 90 Fenchurch Street, London EC3A 5BA
Tel: +44 (0)20 7283 4646. Fax: +44 (0)20 7283 5614
http://www.ukpandi.com
For more information contact:
http://www.ukpandi.com/http://www.ukpandi.com/Recommended