Seminario de Morfo

8/13/2019 Seminario de Morfo

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Representing time: Tense and Temporal

Adjuncts


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Grupos verbais

1 - They arrived2 - They have arrived

3 - They had arrived


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Grupos verbais

1 - They arrived Absolute tense = passado2 - They have arrived



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Grupos verbais

1 - They arrived at 3 P.M., on the 31st

ofAgust

2 - They have arrived



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Grupos verbais

1 - They arrived2 - They have arrived Past in the present



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Grupos verbais

1 - They arrived2 - They have arrived

3 - They had arrived Past in the past


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Relative future

A noo de futuro relativo pode ser expressa,dentre outras formas, por formas verbais como

be+going to. Exemplo.:

Future in present He is going to walk.Future in past was going to walk.


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Relative future

A noo de futuro relativo pode ser expressa,dentre outras formas, por formas verbais como

be+going to. Exemplo.:

Future in present He isgoing to walk.Future in past was going to walk.


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Tense and Modals

Could, might, should and wouldCan, may, shall and will


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Ex.:

I can't move it.

He told me that he couldn't move it.

He may not come

I knew that he might not come

I'll help you

He said that he would help us.


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Ex.:

I can'tmove it.


He may not come


I'll help you



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Ex.:

I can't move it.


He maynot come

I knew that he mightnot come

I'll help you



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Ex.:

I can't move it.


He may not come


I'llhelp you

He said that he wouldhelp us.


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Tense and Modals

Could, might, shouldand would


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Tenses in Context

Tense selections in narratives

Narratives are typically associatedwith past tenses


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Simple past

Last week I saw something very funny at the

zoo. A man walked up to a cage and looked at

a monkey inside. Suddenly, the monkey

snatched the mansglasses and put them on...


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Past perfect

In light of the figure he was to become, it was

a small irony that he almost hadntmade it to

Vietnam. The plane he should have taken in

March 1962, with ninety-three other officers

and men, had disappeared over Pacific...


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Past continuous

When I set out the sun was shining and I

didnthave a care in the world.

I was trembling and aware of being

overwhelmed by a familiar feeling...


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Tenses selections in descriptions

Descriptions of people, places, and things...


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Simple present

The best known of New Zealandsbirds is the

Kiwi...

Kiwis have no wings...

Present perfect

Now it has been discovered by the world.

Now officially a part of the French patrimony, ithas been classified as a monument

historique...


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Present perfect

After the bottles have been thoroughly

washed, they are dried and...


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Tense selections in predictions

Texts which are centrally concerned with

prediction of future events are typically

associated with the future tenses.


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By the end of the century, text retrieva l Will

have become a relatively stable computer

technology, and the information community

will be grappling with the management ofimage databases...


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Tense selections in conversation

Conversation is a rather loose term for various

kinds of interactive informal spoken language

and is here used to also include dialogue

quoted within narratives.


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Present continuous

Theyrestill trying to figure out what it all means.

Simple present:

Yes, dontworry about it.

The use of going to (or gonna) to refer to future events(future in present)

According to the program, Apache Indiansgonna be on about

eight.


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Learning and teaching tenses

Many learners have considerable difficulty whith

the English tense system. As with other areas of

the grammar, difficulties may arise from the

nature of the system itself or from differencesbetweem English and the learners mother

tongue.


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Chinese is one of the languages which has only

aspect and no tense. For exemple, the sentence:

They come PERFECTIVE after what all alright PERFECTIVE

Tamen lai le yihou shemme dou tuodang le.

After he comes itllbe okay or after he came, it was okay


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Italian tends to extend the use of the passato

prossimo to any process located in the relatively

recent past.

Yesterday (I) have drunk too much wine

Ieri ho bevuto troppo vino.

Yesterday I drank too much wine.


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Some learners also tend to use continuos tense

inappropriately with mental and relationalprocesses, for example:

*I am seeing a dog and two cats.

(describing a picture)


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Circumstancial Adjuncts of time

Duration in Tme:

Ex.: For many years, as he worked in the monasterygardens, he carried out...

Location in time:

Ex.:Peggy arrived at about 8:30.

Frequence in time:

Ex.: Meng and I found ourselves in the same classevery year.


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Conjunctive Adjuncts of time

First she tasted the porridge from Papa Bears

great big bowl. But is was too hot for her.


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Interpersonal Adjuncts of time

Free at last! Free at last! Thank God almighty

we are free at last!

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