16
if,fsb-rdbhf7 4-5 vfbcb8 @_!) o8 1 88 + 8754 ` TK8AJCNF5 [email protected] lf [email protected] bvbcsfyf ovbylf cfmvtib7 hjujhbw ,tzl- dehb cbn.dff7 n.ebkt,bs lf zjht,bs ,eh- sbc ufnfyf .dtkf erflhbcj,fpt ecf’fuktcbf8 UFVJLBC !)!( OKBC @% BDKBCBLFY AFCB ^_ STSHB GHTCBC SFDBCEAKT,BC CFTHSFIJHBCJ LQT CFMFHSDTKJC ghtvbth-vbybcnhvf vfverf ,f[nf&tv ueiby ;ehyfkbcnt,c ghtcbc sfdbceakt,bc cfthsfij- hbcj lqt vbekjwf8 3lqtc vstkb ltvjrhfnbekb cfv.fhj ghtcbc sfdbcea- kt,bc cfthsfijhbcj lqtc fqybiyfdc8 ghtcbc sfdbceakt,f ufydbsfht,ekb vcjakbjc elb- ltcb vjyfgjdfhbf lf ltvjr- hfnbek ghbywbgt,pt lf- ae&yt,ekb cf[tkvobajc mdf- res[tlbf8 dekjwfd mfhsdtk ;ehyf- kbcnt,c ghtcbc sfdbceak- t,bc lqtc lf ofhvfnt,t,c de- cehdt, sbsjtek vfsufyc=4 CFMFHSDTKJC .dtkf vjmfkfmtc7 lblcf lf gfnf- hfc7 mfkcf lf rfwc7 xdtyc cf[tkjdfy jvbcf lf ihj- vbc dtnthfyt,c7 f[fkufp- hlj,fc7 hjvkt,bw fmnb- ehfl vt[vfeht,bfy atbc- ,empt7 ,tzldeh se tktm- nhjyek vtlbfib7 vbdvfhsfd rjveybcnehb gfhnbbc yfvldbk otdht,c lf bvfs7 dbyw yfyj,c gfhnbekb ,b- ktsbcf lf vbcb fmnbehb w[jdht,bc yfobkbc cfyfu- dtpt uflfult,fc9 vbdvfhsfd xtvc &dbhafc cnfkbyt- kt,c5 @_!) okbc ^ vfbcc7 !%5__ cffspt7 hecsfdtkbc frf- ltvbehb stfnhbc lbl lfh,fpib ubodtds it[dtl- hfpt7 cflfw ,tdh f[fk fv,fdc lf ,tdh ewyj, lj- revtyneh rbyjrflhc yf[fds cnfkbypt7 vbc &dtk se f[fk w[jdht,fpt8 vjdeojlt, vtlbfc +jgjpbwbehc se gjpbwbehc‘7 vj,h&fyltc stfnhib lf sdfk.ehb vbfltdyjc bv rjynhfcnt,c7 hjvtksf fhfse rjyneht,c b[bkfdc7 afmnbc obyfitw rb lflut,f cfpjufljt,f8 cfe,fhb bmyt,f bvfptlfw7 se 3gtnht gbhdtkbc tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f= UHBUJK JYBFYB THSFL DBPTBVJS AFIBPVPT UFVFH}DT,F= VBVFHSDF 3JMHJT,C4 VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= CRFYLFKB PTKTYCRB GENBYC EGFCE[T,C5 HECTSCF LF ERHFBYFC CFTHSJ V[JKJL THSB HFV LFHXFS 2 CFPQDFHB= ERHFBYBC f[kflfhxt- ekvf ghtpbltynvf djkj- lbvbh ptktycrbv hectsbc kblthc [bcnfl egfce[f lf ufyfw[flf7 hjv 3erhfbyfc hectssfy cfthsj v[jkjl thsb hfv fmdc 2 cf[tkvob- aj cfpqdfhb48 3,tdhb dbabmht7 rth&jl7 3,tdh cfthsjpt4 erhfbyfcf lf hectsc ijhbc8 htfkj,f fctsbf5 lqtc7 .bhbvbc fytmcb- bcf lf ljy,fcpt vbvlbyfht fuhtcbbc itvltu 3cfthsj- lfy4 v[jkjl thsb lfudhxf 2 cf[tkvobaj cfpqdfhb8 3cf- thsjf4 @ @)% rbkjvtnhb lf $__ vtnhb8 hectsvf eylf lf- f,heyjc erhfbybc nthbnjhb- bc sbsjtekb vbkbvtnhb8 v[j- kjl fvbc itvltu itd&kt,s 3cfthsjc4 &bt,fc888 yfdsj,bc tmcgjhnbc frh&fkdf7 jregbht- ,ekb nthbnjhbbc vw[jdht,- kt,bcsdbc hecekb gfcgjhnt- ,bc uflfcfwtvfl geymnt,bc uf[- cyf lf erhfbytkt,bc n.dtj,fib lfnjdt,f jh mdt.fyfc ijhbc ehsbthsj,t,bc lfhtuekbht- ,fc [tkc fh eo.j,c8 fctsb eh- sbthsj,t,bcsdbc 3&vehbc4 oj- lt,fw hsekbf47 2 othc pt- ktycrb Facebook-ib jabwbf- keh udthlpt8 hfvltybvt lqbs flht djkjlbvbh ptktycrbv uf- yfw[flf7 hjv 3vpflff7 erhf- bybc vjmfkfmtj,f vbfybzjc hectsbc vw[jdht,kt,cf lf .dtkfc7 dbyw vpflff7 sfdb- ceakt,bcsdbc b,h&jkjc48 hectsbc kblthvf th- sudfhb ufrdbhdt,f uf- vjsmdf ptktycrbc cbn.dt- ,bc ufvj7 sevwf bltf vj- eojyf5 3vfhskf fct smdf 3ptkty- crbv40 &fkbfy rfhub7 tct bub7 cfthsj ,tdhb udfmdc lf vj- dbkfgfhfrt,s8 hectsbcf lf erhfbybc [fk[t,b v[jkjl vjbut,ty7 se vfs thsbfyb vjmfkfmtj,f tmyt,fs8 .j- dtksdbc fv,j,lyty7 3hect- ,b lf erhfbytkt,b &vt,b fhbfyj47 2 ufyfw[flf hect- sbc kblthvf8 VF>DFKF UJYFIDBKB5 cfmfhsdtkjib fsupbc &ytkbf7 b.j gjtnb lf b.j mfkb=88 PFFK ,JNRJDTKB5 vfw[jdfhbdbs ]dfhwvekb mdt.ybc idbkb 6 7 9 HECT,B 3}FKFSB4 CNFKBYBC HTF,BKBNFWBFC FGBHT,TY= 8

VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    1

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

if,fsb-rdbhf7 4-5 vfbcb8 @_!) o8 188 +8754` TK8AJCNF5 [email protected] lf [email protected]

bvbcsfyf ovbylf cfmvtib 7 hjujhbw ,tzl-dehb cbn.dff7 n.ebkt,bs lf zjht,bs ,eh-sbc ufnfyf .dtkf erflhbcj,fpt ecf’fuktcbf8

UFVJ

LBC

!)!(

OK

BC@%

BDK

BCBL

FY

AFCB ^_ STSHB

GHTCBC SFDBCEAKT,BC

CFTHSFIJHBCJ LQTCFMFHSDTKJC ghtvbth-vbybcnhvf vfverf ,f[nf&tv

ueiby ;ehyfkbcnt,c ghtcbc sfdbceakt,bc cfthsfij-hbcj lqt vbekjwf8

3lqtc vstkb ltvjrhfnbekb cfv.fhj ghtcbc sfdbcea-kt,bc cfthsfijhbcj lqtc fqybiyfdc8

ghtcbc sfdbceakt,f ufydbsfht,ekb vcjakbjc elb-ltcb vjyfgjdfhbf lf ltvjr-hfnbek ghbywbgt,pt lf-ae&yt,ekb cf[tkvobajc mdf-res[tlbf8

dekjwfd mfhsdtk ;ehyf-kbcnt,c ghtcbc sfdbceak-t,bc lqtc lf ofhvfnt,t,c de-cehdt, sbsjtek vfsufyc=4

CFMFHSDTKJC .dtkfvjmfkfmtc7 lblcf lf gfnf-hfc7 mfkcf lf rfwc7 xdtyccf[tkjdfy jvbcf lf ihj-vbc dtnthfyt,c7 f[fkufp-hlj,fc7 hjvkt,bw fmnb-ehfl vt[vfeht,bfy atbc-,empt7 ,tzldeh se tktm-nhjyek vtlbfib7 vbdvfhsfd rjveybcnehb gfhnbbcyfvldbk otdht,c lf bvfs7 dbyw yfyj,c gfhnbekb ,b-ktsbcf lf vbcb fmnbehb w[jdht,bc yfobkbc cfyfu-dtpt uflfult,fc9 vbdvfhsfd xtvc &dbhafc cnfkbyt-kt,c5 @_!) okbc ^ vfbcc7 !%5__ cffspt7 hecsfdtkbc frf-ltvbehb stfnhbc lbl lfh,fpib ubodtds it[dtl-hfpt7 cflfw ,tdh f[fk fv,fdc lf ,tdh ewyj, lj-revtyneh rbyjrflhc yf[fds cnfkbypt7 vbc &dtk sef[fk w[jdht,fpt8

vjdeojlt, vtlbfc +jgjpbwbehc se gjpbwbehc‘7vj,h&fyltc stfnhib lf sdfk.ehb vbfltdyjc bvrjynhfcnt,c7 hjvtksf fhfse rjyneht,c b[bkfdc7afmnbc obyfitw rb lflut,f cfpjufljt,f8

cfe,fhb bmyt,f bvfptlfw7 se 3gtnht gbhdtkbctdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbclhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48

vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,flf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

UHBUJK JYBFYB

THSFL DBPTBVJSAFIBPVPT UFVFH}DT,F=

VBVFHSDF

3JMHJT,C4

VBQVF

J}F[EHB RKFYBF0=

CRFYLFKB

PTKTYCRB GENBYC EGFCE[T,C5

HECTSCF LF ERHFBYFC CFTHSJ

V[JKJL THSB HFV LFHXFS 2

CFPQDFHB=

ERHFBYBC f[kflfh xt-ekvf ghtpbltynvf djkj-lbvbh ptktycrbv hectsbckblthc [bcnfl egfce[f lfufyfw[flf7 hjv 3erhfbyfchectssfy cfthsj v[jkjlthsb hfv fmdc 2 cf[tkvob-aj cfpqdfhb48

3,tdhb dbabmht7 rth&jl73,tdh cfthsjpt4 erhfbyfcflf hectsc ijhbc8 htfkj,ffctsbf5 lqtc7 .bhbvbc fytmcb-bcf lf ljy,fcpt vbvlbyfhtfuhtcbbc itv ltu 3cfthsj-lfy4 v[jkjl thsb lfudhxf2 cf[tkvobaj cfpqdfhb8 3cf-

thsjf4 @ @)% rbkjvtnhb lf$__ vtnhb8 hectsvf eylf lf-f,heyjc erhfbybc nthbnjhb-bc sbsjtekb vbkbvtnhb8 v[j-kjl fvbc itv ltu itd&kt,s3cfthsjc4 &bt,fc8 88 yfdsj,bctmcgjhnbc frh&fkdf7 jregbht-,ekb nthbnjhbbc vw[jdht,-kt,bcsdbc hecekb gfcgjhnt-,bc uflfcfwtvfl geymnt,bc uf[-cyf lf erhfbytkt,bc n.dtj,fiblfnjdt,f jh mdt.fyfc ijhbcehsbthsj,t,bc lfhtuekbht-,fc [tkc fh eo.j,c8 fctsb eh-sbthsj,t,bcsdbc 3&vehbc4 oj-lt,fw hsekbf47 2 othc pt-ktycrb Facebook-ib jabwbf-keh udthlpt8

hfvltybvt lqbs flhtdjkjlbvbh ptktycrbv uf-yfw[flf7 hjv 3vpflff7 erhf-bybc vjmfkfmtj,f vbfybzjchectsbc vw[jdht,kt,cf lf.dtkfc7 dbyw vpflff7 sfdb-ceakt,bcsdbc b,h&jkjc48

hectsbc kblthvf th-s u d f h b u f r d b h d t , f u f -vjsmdf ptktycrbc cbn.dt-,bc ufvj7 sevwf bltf vj-eoj yf5

3vfhskf fct smdf 3ptkty-crbv40 &fkbfy rfhub7 tct bub7cfthsj ,tdhb udfmdc lf vj-dbkfgfhfrt,s8 hectsbcf lferhfbybc [fk[t,b v[jkjlvjbut,ty7 se vfs thsbfybvjmfkfmtj,f tmyt,fs8 . j-dtksdbc fv,j,lyty7 3hect-,b lf erhfbytkt,b &v t,bfhbfyj47 2 ufyfw[flf hect-sbc kblthvf8

VF>DFKF UJYFIDBKB5

cfmfhsdtkjibfsupbc &ytkbf7b.j gjtnblf b.j mfkb=88

PFFK ,JNRJDTKB5

vfw[jdfhbdbs]dfhwvekbmdt.ybc idbkb

67

9

HECT,B 3}FKFSB4CNFKBYBCHTF,BKBNFWBFCFGBHT,TY= 8

Page 2: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

2

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

V[JKJL VSFDFHPT

BDFYT VFZFDFHBFYB5

CFMFHSDTKJC FMDC .DTKF

ITCF&KT,KJ,F7 VFQFK

LJYTPT EVFCGBY&KJC

FPBBC UFYDBSFHT,BC ,FYRBC

.JDTKOKBEH IT[DTLHFCFQYBIYEKB obyflflt,f bdfyt v fzfdfhbfyvf

ADB-c ghtpbltynsfy nfrt/brj yfrfjcsfy lf ,fyrbclbhtmnjht,sfy fpbbc ufydbsfht,bc ,fyrbc %@-t okb-ehb it[dtlhbc afhukt,ib ufvfhsekb vjkfgfhfrt-,t,bcfc lff.tyf lf fqybiyf7 hjv cfmfhsdtkjc erdt uf-rtst,ekb fmdc jabwbfkehb ufyfw[flb8

hjujhw bdfyt vfzfdfhbfyvf fqybiyf7 s,bkbcibvcufdcb vfcinf,bc qjybc&bt,bc xfnfht,f7 vybi-dytkjdfyb yf,b]b bmyt,f7 cfmfhsdtkjv rbltd th-s[tk ofhvjfxbyjc cfresfhb itcf&kt,kj,t,b lfufy[jhwbtkt,ekb htajhvt,b7 vbs eahj7 hjvmdt.fyfv @_!% okbc vfbcib7 ofhvfnt,bs evfcgby&kftdhjgbc htrjycnhemwbbcf lf ufydbsfht,bc ,fy-

rbc .jdtkokbeh it[dtlhfcf lf ,bpytcajhevc8abyfycsf vbybcnhvf ADB-c [tkv&qdfytkj,fc

vflkj,f uflfe[flf bv vnrbwt v[fhlfzthbcf lfsfyflujvbcsdbc7 hjvtkcfw fpbbc ufydbsfht,bc,fyrb eotdc cfmfhsdtkjc htajhvt,bc ufy[jh-wbtkt,bc ghjwtcib7 fctdt7 mdt.ybc &bhbsflb cfu-pfj byahfcnhemnehbc ufydbsfht,bc vbvfhse-kt,bs8 it[dtlhfpt cfmfhsdtkjc abyfycsf vb-ybcnhvf lf ,fyrbc lbhtmnjht,vf .ehflqt,f uf-fvf[dbktc @_!)-@_@! okt,bc sfyfvihjvkj,bc cf-rbs[t,pt7 [fpb uftcdf ufyfskt,bc cathjc7 vfsijhbc7 ghjatcbekb ufyfskt,bc htajhvbcf lfflfvbfyehb rfgbnfkbc ufydbsfht,bc ghjwtcibADB-c xfhsekj,bc vybidytkj,fc8

fpbbc ufydbsfht,bc ,fyrbc [tkv&qdfytkj,bcv[hblfy lflt,bsfl itafclf mdt.fyfib ufy[jhwb-tkt,ekb lf vbvlbyfht htajhvt,b8 fqbybiyf bcvpfhlb gjntywbfkb7 hjvtkbw cfmfhsdtkjc fmdcnehbcnekb ctmnjhbc ufydbsfht,bc vbvfhsekt-,bs8 fqcfybiyfdbf7 hjv ADB-c okbehb it[dtlhbcafhukt,ib7 abyfycsf vbybcnhvf vjyfobktj,f vb-bqj wtynhfkehb fpbbc htubjyekb trjyjvbrehbsfyfvihjvkj,bc ghjuhfvbc +CAREC‘ vfqfkb lj-ybc it[dtlhfib7 hjvtkbw cojhtl nehbpvbc cat-hjc ufydbsfht,bc cfrbs[t,c vbt&qdyf8 cfmfhsdt-kj fpbbc ufydbsfht,bc ,fyrbc otdhbf @__* okb-lfy8 fv;fvfl7 ADB-c vbth cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc ufvj-.jabkb lfabyfyct,bc jltyj,f7 lff[kjt,bs7 @8(vbkbfhl fii ljkfhc itflutyc8

GFHKFVTYNVF ctmcefkehb itdbohjt,bc itcf[t,wdkbkt,t,b vtcfvt vjcvtybs vbbqj8 rfyjyghjtmnb vj-fvpflf gfhkfvtynbc utylthekb sfyfcojhj,bc cf,zjv7hjvkbc vb[tldbs7 ctmcefkehb itdbohjt,bc stvfptwdkbkt,t,b itdblf flfvbybcnhfwbekcfvfhsfklfh-qdtdfsf rjltmcib7 ihjvbc rjltmcib7 cfvjmfkfmj cfg-hjwtcj rjltmccf lf cf[fk[j lfvwdtkbc itcf[t, rfyjy-ib8 rfyjyghjtmnb gfhkfvtynbc utylthekb sfyfcojhj-,bc cf,zjv vjfvpflf8

cfmfhsdtkjc flvbybcnhfwbek cfvfhsfklfh-qdtdfsf rjltmcb ufyvfhnfdc 3ctmcefkehbitdbo-hjt,fc4 2 cfpjufljt,hbd flubkt,ib gbhbc vbvfhsfhfcfcehdtkb ctmcefkehb [fcbfsbc mwtdf7 hj-vtkbw vbpyfl bcf[fdc fy/lf bodtdc vbcb qbhct,bcitkf[dfc lf mvybc vbcsdbc lfvfibyt,tk7 vnhek7lfvfvwbht,tk fy itehfw[v.jatk ufhtvjc8

rfyjybs ufybcfpqdhf ]fhbvt,bc jltyj,fw -ctm-cefkehb itdbohjt,f ufvjbodtdc lf]fhbvt,fc#__kfhbc jltyj,bs8 bubdt mvtlt,f xfltybkb fl-

CFMFHSDTKJC ghtvbth-vbybcnhb tdhjgbc cf,zjcvbybcnhsf vjflubktt,bc rjvbntnc cfrbs[pt - 3tdhj-gbc cf,zj lf rjyakbmnb cfmfhsdtkjib4 vbqt,ekb uf-lfo.dtnbkt,bcsdbc vflkj,fc e[lbc8

vsfdhj,bc vtsfehbc itafct,bs7 tc fhbc &fkbfyvybidytkjdfyb upfdybkb tdhjgbc cf,zjcufy hj-ujhw cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc7 bct vstkb vcjakbjcf lfhectsbc atlthfwbbcsdbc7 hjv cfthsfijhbcj cf-pjufljt,f hectsbc vbth cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnj-

CTMCEFKEHB ITDBOHJT,F LFC}FLB [LT,Fvbybcnhfwbekb cf[ltkbc lflt,blfy thsb okbcufyvfdkj,fib ufvjbodtdc lf]fhbvt,fc %__ kfhbcjltyj,bs7 fy ufvfcojht,tk cfveifjt,c ths sdtv-lt dflbs8

fctdt7 bubdt mvtlt,f7 xfltybkb obyfcofhb itwyj,bsfhfchekokjdybc7 jhcekbc7 evotj vlujvfhtj,fibv.jabc7 itpqelekb itcf&kt,kj,t,bc vmjyt gbhbc vb-vfhs fy fhfchekokjdybc sfylfcoht,bs 2 ufvjbodtdclf]fhbvt,fc %__-lfy (__ kfhfvlt jltyj,bs8 fv ve[-kbc vtcfvt yfobkbs ufsdfkbcobyt,ekb mvtlt,f7 xflt-ybkb flvbybcnhfwbekb cf[ltkbc lflt,blfy thsbokbc ufyvfdkj,fib fy jhb fy vtnb gbhbc vbth (__-lfy!___ kfhfvlt jltyj,bs7 fy ufvfcojht,tk cfveifjt,cths sdtvlt dflbs7 fy flvbybcnhfwbek gfnbvhj,fc !_lqtvlt dflbs8

itybidybc cf[bs ufyvfhnt,ekbf ctmcefkehb [f-cbfsbc mwtdf5 rjltmcbc vbpyt,bcsdbc ctmcefkehb[fcbfsbc mwtdfib buekbc[vt,f ctmcefkehb [fcb-fsbc ahfpt,bc ufvjsmvf fy/lf vbvfhsdf7 utybnf-

kehb jhufyjt,bc xdtyt,f7 yt,bcvbthb cbn.dbthb7fhfcbn.dbthb fy/lf ctmcefkehb [fcbfsbc c[dfabpbrehb mwtdf8

ctmcekeh itdbohjt,fcsfy lfrfdibht,bs vb-qt,ekb wdkbkt,f t[t,f ihjvbc rjltmcbc vtjhtve[kc7 hjvkbc vb[tldbsfw7 vtjht ve[kbc vt-$ gey-mnib itdblf wdkbkt,f8

lbcrhbvbyfwbfl +vfs ijhbc7 ctmcefkeh itdbohjt-,fl‘ vbbxytdf gbhbc gbhlfgbh fy fhfgbhlfgbhitdbohj-t,f7 hjvtkbw vbpyfl bcf[fdc fy bodtdc gbhbc qbhct,bcitkf[dfc lf vbcsdbc lfvfibyt,tkb7 vnhekb7 lfvfvwb-ht,tkb7 qbhct,bc itvkf[dtkb fy itehfw[v.jatkb uf-htvjc itmvyfc7 fylf gbhbcsdbc bctsb gbhj,t,bc itmvyf7hjvkt,bw gbhlfgbh fy fhfgbhlfgbh fefhtct,c vbcvlujvfhtj,fc fyfkjubeh gbhj,t,ib v.ja c[df gbh-sfy itlfht,bs8

fvfdt ve[kc lftvfnf $ ghbvf geymnb8 fqybiyekbwdkbkt,bc vb[tldbs7 cfmfhsdtkjc ihjvbc rjltmcclftvfnt,f ctmcefkehb itdbohjt,bc ufyvfhnt,f7 hjvt-kbw vjbwfdc gbhbc vbvfhs fhfcfcehdtkb ctmcefkehb[fcbfsbc mwtdfc7 hjvtkbw vbpyfl bcf[fdc fy/lf bodtdcvbcb qbhct,bc itkf[dfc lf mvybc vbcsdbc lfvfibyt,tk7vnhek7 lfvfvwbht,tk fy itehfw[v.jatk ufhtvjc8

CFMFHSDTKJC ghtvbth-vbybcnhb vfverf ,f[nf&tcfvsfdhj,j wdkbkt,t,bc cfrbs[bc ufy[bkdfc fhflfcneht,c8 hjujhw vsfdhj,bc vtsfehvf ;ehyf-kbcnt,c stvbc rjvtynbht,bcfc ufyew[flf7 fv tnfg-pt vcufdcb fhfathb butuvt,f7 sevwf htajhvt,bcufy[jhwbtkt,bc ghjwtcib ntvgc &fkbfy lblb vybi-dytkj,f tybzt,f8

3@_!)-@_@_ okt,ib xdty ufvj.jabkb udfmdc cf,be-]tnj htcehcb7 hfsf vbdfqobjs .dtkf vbpfyc7 hjvtk-cfw cfpjufljt,fc lfdgbhlbs8 ,eyt,hbdbf7 fv vbpyt,bc

hbt,bc @_~-bc jregfwbfc fhfcjltc ittuet,f83ljrevtynib &fkbfy vybidytkjdfyb fmwtynt,b rts-

lt,f bvfpt7 hjv hectsb ufyfuh&j,c sfdbc fuhtcbekgjkbnbrfc cfmfhsdtkjcsfy vbvfhst,fib8 tc uekbc[-vj,c xdtyb nthbnjhbt,bc jregfwbfc8 [fpufcvekbf7 hjvtc fhbc rjyakbmnb cfmfhsdtkjcf lf hectsc ijhbc8tc ufycfresht,bs vybidytkjdfybf bvbc ufsdfkbcobyt-,bsfw7 hjv cfvoe[fhjl7 [ibhfl udtcvbc fuhtcbekb&fkt,bc ghjgfufylf7 hjv tc fh fhbc rjyakbmnb jh cf-[tkvobajc ijhbc8 lbf[7 hectsb ufyfuh&j,c xdtyb nt-hbnjhbt,bc jregfwbfc8 ljrevtynib [fpufcvekbf bcev&bvtcb /evfybnfhekb rfnfcnhjaf7 hfw udfmdc jre-gbht,ek nthbnjhbt,pt8 &fkbfy vybidytkjdfybf xdtybcfvidblj,j bybwbfnbdbc 2 3yf,b]b ertstcb vjvfdkbc-rty4 v[fhlfzthbc ntmcnb8 fewbkt,tkbf7 hjv lhjekfllfdbo.js fv cfvidblj,j bybwbfnbdbc htfkbpfwbf7 hf-sf jregbht,ek nthbnjhbfpt vw[jdht, xdtyc vjmfkf-mtt,c tktvtynfhekb gbhj,t,b itdemvyfs lf hjujhvtitdfxthjs tc /evfybnfhekb rfnfcnhjaf48

GHTVBTH-VBYBCNHBC VFLKJ,FTDHJGBC CF,ZJC

CFVSFDHJ,J WDKBKT,T,BCCFRBS[B FH UFYB[BKT,F=

vbqotdf cfrvfjl hsekb ghjwtcbf8 fmtlfy ufvjvlb-yfht7 fewbkt,tkbf7 .dtkf eo.t,f7 .dtkf cfvbybcnhjufycfresht,ek ht;bvib veifj,ltc8 itcf,fvbcfl7 cbx-mfhtcf lf ntvgt,c &fkbfy lblb vybidytkj,f fmdc8 fmtlfyufvjvlbyfht7 se hjvtkbvt eo.t,fib bmyt,f htfke-hb cfae&dtkb bvbcf7 hjv dbqfw dth frvf.jabkt,c fvntvgc7 bv vbpyt,bcf lf jhbtynbht,bc vbqotdfc7 hjvtkbwufothbkbf ,be]tnib hjujhw @_!)7 fctdt @_@_ otkc7xdty dfhs thsb ueylb lf vbdbqt,s bv uflfo.dtnbkt,fc7hfw eylf vbdbqjs7 2 ufyfw[flf ghtvbthvf8

DF[NFYU UJVTKFEHBC FYUFHBIB GFHKFVTYNIB

LF[EHEK AJHVFNIB VJBCVBYTCJGJPBWBFV c[ljvbc qbfj,f vjbs[jdf7 vfuhfv888

fvfjl8 fyufhbibc qbf7 cf]fhj yfobkpt cfe,hbcfc7vjv[ctyt,tkvf .dtkfc ufcfujyfl jregbht,ek nt-hbnjhbt,pt fhct,ek dbsfht,f-pt7 nthjhbpvbc lf rjheawbbcobyffqvltu ,h&jkbc7 rjynhlfp-dthdbs cfmvbfyj,fcf lf eo.t,fsf-ijhbc lf cfthsfijhbcj sfyfvi-hjvkj,bc vbvfhsekt,t,pt vj[-ctyt,f ofhvjflubyf8

3@_!( otkc cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc uf-vjodtdfc ofhvjflutylf hecekbjregfwbf7 c[dflfc[df mdt.yt,ib vbv-lbyfht itbfhfqt,ekb rjyakbmnt-,b lf lfgbhbcgbht,t,bc f[fkb rt-ht,bc ofhv jmv yf 8cfthsfijhbcjecfahs[jt,bc ufhtvjc ufefhtct-,fc [tkc eo.j,ty fhfltvjrhfnb-ekb ht;bvt,b7 vfs vbth vfhsekb bynthtcsf ]ue-at,b lf nthjhbcnekb jhufybpfwbt,b8 cfmfhsdt-kjib fhct,ekb ecfahs[jt,bc dbsfht,f vzblhjlfhbc lfrfdibht,ekb vcjakbjib vbvlbyfht ghjwt-ct,sfy8 fmdt eylf fqbybiyjc7 hjv cfmfhsdtkjib vidb-lj,bcf lf cnf,bkehj,bc ityfhxeyt,f7 xdtyb mdt.-ybc utjgjkbnbrehb vlt,fhtj,bc ufsdfkbcobyt,bs7

htubjyekb ecfahs[jt,bc ths-thsb ghbjhbntne-kb cfrbs[bf47 2 ufyfw[flf df[nfyu ujvtkfehvf8

cfvcf[ehbc eahjcb fyufhbibc ofhlutybcfc rjy-nhlfpdthdbsb cfmvbfyj,bc fyf-kbpcfw itt[j lf 3/b,hblekbjvbc4 bycnhevtynt,pt7 ltpbyajh-vfwbekb rfvgfybt,bc ofhvjt,fcflf .fk,b f[fkb fv,t,bc ufdhwtkt-,fpt bcfe,hf8

3ufcek otkc ufvjbrdtsf ew[jmdt.yt,bc cgtwcfvcf[eht,bc ufhrdt-ekb mvtlt,t,b cfmfhsdtkjc cfuf-htj gjkbnbrehb rehcbc itwdkbcv bv fhsekt,bs8 ew[ j m dt. yt,ptjhbtynbht,ekb gjkbnbrehb lfcfpjufljt,hbdb ]ueat,bc ufvj-.tyt,bs vbvlbyfhtj,lf cfvjmfkfmjcfpjufljt,bc7 [tkbceakt,fcf lf

gjkbnbreh cgtmnhc ijhbc ylj,bcf lf ehsbths-sfyfvihjvkj,bc itvwbht,bc ghjwtcbc [tkito.j-,f8 @_!( otkc cf[tkvobaj ecfahs[jt,bc cfvcf[ehbcrjynhlfpdthdbc ltgfhnfvtynib ufvj&bt,f lfbo.jcbc[kbc cfvfhskbc @! cfmvtpt8 gfce[bcut,fib rb vb-wtvekbf $( gbhb47 2 fqybiyf cfvcf[ehbc [tkv&qdf-ytkvf8

Page 3: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

3

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

LQBC ZBH-,JHJNB

FPTH,FB}FYBC cfufhtjcfmvtsf cfvbybcnhj cfmfhs-dtkjc ghtpbltyn cfkjvt pe-hf,bidbkbc vbth jhb mdt.ybccf[tkvobaj cfpqdhbc ltvfh-rfwbf-ltkbvbnfwbbc cfrbs[-pt ufrtst,ek ufyw[flt,fc t[-vbfyt,f8

3ths-thsb ljrevtynb7 hj-vtkptw fgtkbht,ty7 !)#( okbccmtvfnehb [fcbfsbc herff vfc-inf,bs !5%__ ___8 tc herf ofh-vjflutyc ljrevtync7 hjvtkbwfpth,fb]fybcf lf cfmfhsdt-kjc cf,zjsf cjwbfkbcneh-vf htcge,kbrt,vf vbbqtc8 !)$@otkc cchr-vf vbbqj uflfo.dt-nbkt,f eahj vrfabj herbc

BVC}TKTC O.KBC HTCEHCT,BC

VBPFYVBVFHSEKFL UFVJ.TYT,FPTUFHTVJC lfwdbcf lf cjakbc vtehytj,bc vbybcnhb ktdfy lf-

dbsfidbkb vcjakbj ,fyrbc tdhjgbcf lf wtynhfkehb fpbbc o.kbcvbvfhsekt,bc vtyt]thc ltdbl vbijc it[dlf7 cflfw vbybcnhvf kt-dfy lfdbsfidbkvf vcjakbj ,fyrcf lf cfmfhsdtkjc ijhbc sfyfvi-hjvkj,bc cfertstcj ufvjwlbkt,fpt bcfe,hf8

it[dtlhfpt cfbhbufwbj cbcntvt,bc o.kbs epheydtk.j-abc cfrbs[t,b ufyb[bktc lf rkbvfnbc wdkbkt,t,bs ufvjo-dtekb udthlbsb tatmnt,bc itvwbht,bc upt,pt bvc]tktc8

it[dtlhbc vjyfobktt,vf bv ghjtmnt,ptw bcfe,htc7 hj-vtkbw o.kt,pt velvbdb [tkvbcfodljvj,bc epheydtk.jabcres[bs7 vcjakbj ,fyrbc v[fhlfzthbs7 ufhtvjc lfwdbcf lfcjakbc vtehytj,bc cfvbybcnhj it&kt,c ufyf[jhwbtkjc8

fctdt fqbybiyf7 hjv ( vfbcc bynthctmnjhekb it[dtlhfufbvfhst,f7 cflfw ufyb[bkfdty bv ghbjhbntnekb o.fkcf-wfdt,bc vityt,kj,bc ghjtmnt,c7 hjvtkbw fhfv[jkjl cf-bhbufwbj aeymwbbc itvchekt,tkb bmyt,f7 fhfvtl vjtvcf[e-ht,f mdt.ybc tythutnbrek vbpyt,cfw8

3PJUFLB UFYFSKT,BC ITCF[T,4

RFYJYIB WDKBKT,T,B

GBHDTKB VJCVTYBS XFDFHLFCFMFHSDTKJC gfhkfvtynbc ueibyltk gktyfhek c[ljvfpt

3pjuflb ufyfskt,bc itcf[t,4 rfyjyib wdkbkt,t,b gbhdtkb vjcvt-ybs xfdfhlf8 rfyjyghjtmnc v[fhb lfezbhf ^!-vf ltgenfnvf7 obyffq-vltub b.j !( gfhkfvtynfhb7 cfzbhj b.j ^( ltgenfnbc v[fhlfzthf8

ltgenfnt,c ijhbc w[fht rfvfsb ufvjbodbf rfyjyblfy nthvby3kb,thfkehbc4 fvjqt,bc cfrbs[vf8 evhfdktcj,bc otdht,b bs[jd-lyty7 rtyzbc.hf gbhdtkb vjcvtybs xfnfht,ekb.j lf nthvbyt,-sfy lfrfdibht,bs vtjht vjcvtyfpt tvc]tkfs7 hfcfw 3yfwbjyfkehbvj&hfj,f47 3tdhjgekb cfmfhsdtkj4 lf 3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4 yf-obkb fh lftsfy[vf8 rfyjyghjtmnbc vb[tldbs7 rfyjyblfy fvjqt,ekbeylf b.jc cbn.df 3kb,thfkehb48 wdkbkt,t,bc fdnjht,b ufyfs-kt,bc rjvbntnbc sfdv]ljvfhbc vjflubkt utyflb vfhudtkfidbkblf otdhb yerhb mfysfhbf fhbfy8 nthvbybc fvjqt,fc bs[jdc 3gfn-hbjnsf fkbfycbc4 ofhvjvflutytkb flf vfhifybf8

3ubylfs7 hjv ,fdidt,bc uflfudfht,bc upfpt lff.tyjs mdt-.fyf8 fh ufvjubdfs tc fv,fdb8 f,f hf ghtntypbf ufmds ufvjxt-ybkj kb,thfkt,j8 hf ufvhelt,ekb fphjdyt,bc ltgenfnt-,b /.fdc mdt.fyfc7 hf lfutvfhsfs7 hf atnbibpvbf fm uf,fnjyt-,ekb tdhjgbc vbvfhs47 2 ufyfw[flf flf vfhifybfv8 yerhb mfy-sfhbfc ufyvfhnt,bs7 kb,thfkehb ybiyfdc sfdbceakt,fc7sfdbceafkb fphjdyt,bc xfvj.fkb,t,bc itcf[t, rb7 rfyjyibxfyfothb bctlfw fhct,j,c8 vbcbdt smvbs7 ufeut,fhbf7 hfnjvrtslt,f ufycfresht,ekb fmwtynb cbn.df kb,thfkehpt8

888FHF OBYFCOFHB LFSVJ,T,BS=JABWBFKEHB ,FMJ CF[TKVOBAJ CFPQDHBC CFRBS[PTGHTPBLTYN PEHF,BIDBKBC UFYW[FLT,FC UFVJT[VFEHF

itcf[t, vfcinf,bs ! 5 !__ ___8ufhlf fvbcf7 fhct,j,c herf7hjvtkbw !)^# otkc cf,zjsfcfmfhsdtkjc eptyftcvf cf,zjvlffvnrbwf8 cfveifj ]ueabcljytpt ltkbvbnfwb-bc cfrbs[bc ufy[bkdb-cfc fv herfc t.hlyj-,bfy lf lqtv lt fvv[hbd ghj,ktvt,b fhitmvybkf47 2 ufyfw[f-lf ueiby fpth,fb]f-ybc cfufhtj cfmvtsfcfvbybcnhjc ghtc-cfvcf[ehbc eahjcvfktbkf f,lekftdfv8

fvfcsfy7 vfy rbltd ths[tkufbvtjhf7 hjv 3fpth,fb]fyb

cfmfhsdtkjcsfy cf[tkvobajcfpqdhbc ecohfatcb ltkbvb-nfwbbc vjv[htf7 bvtljdyt,c7hjv tc ghjwtcb ef[kjtc [f-yt,ib lfcheklt,f lf sfdbcbv[hblfy fvbcsdbc vpflff48

3pjuflfl7 jh mdt.fyfc ij-hbc cf[tkvobaj cfpqdhbc lt-kbvbnfwbbc cfrbs[b jhv[hbdajhvfnib7 ehsbthsrjjhlb-yfwbbs7 cfthsfijhbcj ufvjw-lbkt,bc cfae&dtkpt o.lt,f8

nfhlt,f cf[tkvob-aj rjvbcbbc c[ljvt-,b8 lqtvlt xfnfht-,ekbf !! vcufdcb c[l-jv f8 v skbfyj,fib7cf[tkvobaj cfpqd-hbc $(_rv -lfy cf-[tkvobaj rjvbcbbcafhukt,ib # !$-bfitsfy[vt,ekb7 !^^ rvrb tmcgthnt,bc lj-

ytpt itcofdkbc ghjwtcibf47 2lfc&byf f,lekftdfv8

WYJ,BCSDBC5 cfmfhsdt-kjc ghtpbltynvf 3fvthbrbc[vbcsdbc4 vbwtvek bynthdb-eib fpth,fb]fy-cfmfhsdt-kjc cfpqdhbcf lf cfpqdfhptvlt,fht cfvjyfcnhj rjvg-ktmc lfdbs-ufht]bc cfrbs[-ptw bcfe,hf5

3 +888‘ bc7 hfw vj[lf lfdbs-uf-ht]ib7 ]th thsb7 tc fh fhbcexdtekj8 fhf .jdtk fqlujvfc7vfuhfv hfvlty]thvt erdt vjv-[lfhf8 tc fh fhbc cojhb7 hjvewt, hfqfw f[fkb vj[lf8 +888‘ vthjv db.fdb fpth,fb]fyib lfcjv [ tsib7 jhbdt flubkfcdsm db 7 hjv ite&kt,tkbf7ufuh&tkltc bc7 hjv xdty7 fct-sb vtuj,hekb mdt.yt,b7 hjv-kt,cfw vfhskfw fhf fmds fhf-athb ufcf.jab7 dth vbdblts bvcf,jkjj ltvfhrfwbfvlt7 hj-vtkbw fhbc gbhdtkb ybifyb cf-[tkvobajt,hbj,bc8 xdty hf cf-[tkvobaj dfhs7 se ghfmnbre-

kfl fhw thsb cfpqdfhb fhudfmdc0 xtvsdbc lf .dtkfcsdbc7dbcfw fmdc tc vjmfkfmtj,hbdbufut,f7 &fkbfy vnrbdytekb cf-rbs[b fhbc lf eylf itdelutsfv cfrbs[bc uflfo.dtnfc &fkbfyfmnbehfl7 vfuhfv fhf obyfcof-hb lfsvj,t,bs8 fh itdfk lt-nfkt,ib7 itb&kt,f dth ufbujy8xdtyb gjpbwbf fhbc &fkbfy vrf-abj8 fhct,j,lf cf,zjsf rfd-ibhbc ,jkjc cfpqdfhb7 hjvt-kbw b. j flvbybcnhfwbekbcfpqdfhb !)#( okbc hert,bs7hjvkbc vthtw fh .jabkf f[f-kb herf8 cfvfhskt,hbdb ghby-wbgt,blfy ufvjvlbyfht7 tc fhbcxdtekt,hbdb uflfo.dtnf8 vthtitb&kt,f fvfpt vjkfgfhfrt,f8cf,jkjj fhfcjltc fh fhbcbctsb vrfwhb gjpbwbf7 vfuhfvtc fhbc xdtyb cfo.bcb gjpbwbflf tc wyj,bkbf xdtyb vtuj,ht-,bcsdbc47 2 ufyfw[flf cfkjvtpehf,bidbkvf8

HJUJH itbyfhxeyj vt[cbt-ht,fib vij,kbehb cf[kb7hjwferdt @% otkbf7 ltdybkb [fh0cdtnkfyf x[dbvbfyvf uflfo.dbnf7ittmvyf cgtwbfkehb cfbnb lf.dtkfc7 dbyw vbc vlujvfhtj,f-ibf7 csfdfpj,c7 herfpt vij,-kbehb cf[kt,b vbesbsjy8 fa[f-ptsblfy ltdybkb bvtljdyt,c7hjv vbcb cfbnb fa[fpt,cf lfjct,sfy mfhsdtkt,bc ehsb-thsj,bc gkfnajhvfl bmwtdf8

cdtnkfyfc !* otkb ze,th-ib7 eqtknt[bkpt itechek-lf7 hjwf vbcvf j]f[vf uek-hbaibc hfbjyib vij,kbehbcjatkb lfnjdf8 fvbc itcf[t,bub [ibhfl e.dt,jlf vbc cfvdf;c7 hjvtksfufy eahjcb @_okbcff7 evwhjcb 2 tmdcbc8sevwf ths[tk vfy itbn.j7hjv cjatkc cf[tkb itewdf-ktc5 3xtvc cjatkc f[kf f&blf-refhf /mdbf8 itcf&kjf7 fhfcoj-hfl ufvjdsmdfvlt7 hflufy tcfa[fpehb cbn.dff8 lfdabmhlb5cfvb df;b v.fdc lf hf bmyt,f xtvbcbrdlbkbc itvltu7 hjujhvj&t,ybfy bcbyb fv flubkc048

vfiby cdtnkfyfv uflfo.db-nf7 bynthytnib ittmvyf upfv-rdktkb fhf vfhnj sfdbcbidbkt,bc7 fhfvtl .dtkfcsdbc7dbyw b&ekt,ekb b.j7 fa[f-ptscf lf cfvfxf,kjib cf[kt-,b lftnjdt,byf8 lfbo.j vij,-kbehb cjakbs7 hjvtkcfw3ufyf[kt,f4 /mdbf8 sfyfcja-ktk ijhtyf ujhjpbfcsfythsfl lfbo.j veifj,f cf-bnpt gan akhleba.ge 7 ufyfsfd-ctc herf5 3lfdbo.ts bcnjhb-bc fqlutyf bv vjyfwtvt,bc cf-

BVTLBC F[FKB C[BDBJVUFVJDKBKB MFHSDTKT,BC7FA[FPT,BC LF JCT,BCSDBCae&dtkpt7 hjvtkbw xdtyc vb-th fv flubkt,bc lfnjdt,bclhjc fhct,j,lf8 fhw vtnb7fhw yfrkt,b8 fhfyfbhb ghtnty-pbf fh udfmdc8 e,hfkjl dfv-,j,s5 fb7 fm xtvb cf[kbf8 bltf,tdhvf fbnfwf7 2 fv,j,c cdtn-kfyf x[dbvbfyb7 2 ,tdhvf itvju-dsfdfpf lf[vfht,f8 chekbflew[j flfvbfyt,vf ufvbpbfhtcityfhxeyt,ekb ajnjt,b7 vj-ujyt,t,b48

cdtnkfyfc sfdbcb otct,bfmdc7 fh cehc7 vbc vbth itm-vybk bynthytn-gjhnfkptflfvbfyt,vf thsvfytsb kfy&-qjy7 ieqkb fqdbdjy8 vfc bct-sb ufhtvjc xfvj.fkb,t,fcehc7 hjvtkbw rjyakbmnuf-vjdkbkb fa[fpt,bc7 mfhsdt-kt,bcf lf jct,bc lff[kjt,fciteo.j,c [tkc5 3gbhflfl fhwths fa[fpc fh dbwyj,8 hjvvmjyjlf vcufdcb rjynfmnt,b7lfhov eyt,ekb dfh7 &fkbfyrfhub ehsbthsj,t,b xfvjudb-.fkb,lt,jlf8 xtvsdbc vje.j-kbfs bcnjhbt,b bvbc itcf[t,7hjujh v tuj,hekfl w[ jd-hj,lyty mfhsdtkt,b lf fa[f-pt,b rjyakbmnfvlt lf rjya-kbmnbc lhjcfw rb hjujh t[-

vfht,jlyty7 hjujh bafht,l-yty thsvfytsc48

gan akhleba.ge-pt [fk[vfyfwyj,t,bc7 .jabkb sfyfrkf-ctkt,bc7 sfyfrehctkt,bc7 lf-rfhuekt,bc &t,yf lfbo.j8

fa[fpt,cf lf jct,sfy rjy-akbmnc cdtnkfyf thsb j]f-[bc otdht,c ijhbc x[e,c flf-ht,c5 3dbc fh cvtybf thsb j]f-[bc idbkt,bc cfvrdlhj-cfcb-wjw[kj vnhj,bc itcf[t,0 hfiefibf fm thjdyt,f0 vcufdcbhfv .dtkf thib [lt,f8 fh dbwb7hjlbc7 vfuhfv yfx[e,fhb &vt-,bc idbkt,b jltcvt fewbkt,-kfl lfc[lt,bfy thsfl lf .dt-kf ghj,ktvfc uflfzhbfy48

fa[f pt sb lfy l td yb kbbvtlj dyt,c 7 h jv fl ht seudbfy7 vbcb cfbnb bmwtdf gjh-nfkfl7 hjvtkptw byajhvf-wbf fa[fpeh7 jceh lf he-cek tyt,ptw ufysfdclt,f lfflfvbfyt,b thsvfytssfy rjy-nfmnt,bc lfv.fht,fc it&kt-,ty9 hjv vfc vbcothty fa[fpt-,b w lf jct ,bw8 cdt nkfyfvbwbc7 hjv itcf&kjf7 fuhtcb-fcfw offo.ltc7 sevwf tc fhfibyt,c5 3vt vjhoveyt dfh lftc &fkfc vvfnt,c48

Page 4: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

4

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

SFYFLUJVFW FVFC /MDBF=

TDHJGFF SE FPBF0 cojhtl fv it-rbs[dfpt gfce[vf uflfo.dbnf cfmfhs-dtkjc tdhjcf,zjib ufotdhbfyt-,bc cfrbs[b8 !))) otkc tdhjcf,zjv cf-,jkjjl lfflfcnehf7 hjv 2 cfmfh-sdtkj tdhjgff lf itcf,fvbcfl7 mdt.f-yfc tdhjgekb ufydbsfht,bc upt,bitcsfdfpf8

tdhjcf,zjib ufotdhbfyt,f cf-mfhsdtkjcsdbc bcnjhbek vjdkt-yfl vbbxytdf8 fv vjdktyfc rb cfve-lfvjl lferfdibhlf mfhsdtkb gj-kbnbrjcbc pehf, ;dfybfc cf[tkb83tdhjcf,zjib ufotdhbfyt,f ybiyfdlf

bvbc fqbfht,fc7 hjv gjkbnbrehfl cf-mfhsdtkj fhbc tdhjgf8 fv lqbc itvltu7lfdf bvbc itcf[t, 2 tdhjgff se fpbf 2lfhxf v[jkjl utjuhfabekb vtwybt-ht,bc cb,hn.tib47 2 te,yt,f 3hflbjsfdbceakt,fc4 hjyltkbc ajylbc td-hjgekb rdktdt,bc wtynhbc lbhtm-njhb rf[f ujujkfidbkb8

gjkbnjkjub fv,j,c7 hjv tdhj-cf,zjc otdhj,f fewbkt,tkb gbhj-,ff7 thsudfhb fewbkt,tkb cfidbf td-hjrfdibhib ufcfotdhbfyt,kfl88 tdhjrfdibhbc lfvae&yt,tkb

[tkitrhekt,bc $)-t ve[kbc vb[tl-dbs7 yt,bcvbth tdhjgek cf[tkvobajcite&kbf itbnfyjc ufyfw[flb tdhj-rfdibhib ufotdhbfyt,fpt98 tdhjcf,zjib ufotdhbfyt,f fveakt,bc vjcfgjdt,tkb &fkbfy &kb-thb fhuevtynbf cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc80cfmfhsdtkjc tdhjcf,zjib ufotd-

hbfyt,fc oby ecoht,lf vodfdt lbcre-cbf cfmfhsdtkjc tdhjgek bltynj-,fcsfy lfrfdibht,bs8

tdhjgtkt,c ijhbc ufvfhsekb rf-vfsb7 ,tdhbc vcufdcfl7 gjkbnjkjurjhytkb rfrfxbfcfw f[cjdc58 pjub fv,j,lf7 hjv cfmfhsdt-

kj utjuhfabekfl fh itlbc tdhj-gbc cfpqdht,ib lf fvbnjv 2 fh fhbcvbcb flubkb tdhjcf,zjib98 pjub rb vjv[ht b.j7 hjv cfrbs[beahj reknehekb7 htkbubehb sec[df vf[fcbfst,kt,bc zhbkib ufy[b-kekb.j80

TDHJCF,ZJ UDBLFCNEHT,C7

HJV CFMFHSDTKJ

TDHJGFF

3erdt @_ otkb ufdblf8 cfmfhsdtkjeahj f[kjc fhbc tdhjrfdibhsfy 2 uf-ajhvt,ekb fmdc fcjwbht,bcf lf sf-dbceafkb cfdfzhj cbdhwbc itsfy[vt-,f8 sevwf tdhjcf,zjc hjkb rdkfdfw&fkbfy vybidytkjdfybf mdt.ybc ltvjr-hfnbekb ufydbsfht,bc res[bs47 2 fv-,j,c rjhytkb rfrfxbf8

* * *TDHJCF,ZJC ewdktkb afctekj-

,t,bf5 flfvbfybc eakt,t,b7 ltvjrhf-nbf lf rfyjybc eptyftcj,f8 cojhtlfv afctekj,t,bc thsuekt,f tdfkt,ftdhjcf,zjc otdh .dtkf mdt.fyfc8

@_!) otkc tdhjcf,zj *_ okbcbe,bktc fqybiyfdc8 fv;fvfl bc $*mdt.fyfc fthsbfyt,c8

tdhjcf,zj sdfkc fltdyt,c ghjwt-ct,c7 fafct,c lf ufcwtvc htrjvtylfwb-t,c fvf se bv mdt.fyfib flfvbfybc ea-kt,t,bc7 cfcfvfhskj cbcntvbc7 rjhea-wbfcsfy ,h&jkbcf se ltvjrhfnbekbghjwtct,bc vbvlbyfhtj,bc zhbkib8

fvfc bc wyj,bkb cnhemneht,bcflf bycnbnewbt,bc cfiefkt,bs frt-st,c9 tctybf7 vfufkbsfl58 flfvbfybc eakt,fsf tdhjge-

kb cfcfvfhskj +cnhfc,ehubc cfcf-vfhskj‘98 tdhjcf,zjc cfgfhkfvtynjfcfv,ktf98 vbybcnhsf rjvbntnb98 dtytwbbc rjvbcbf98 flfvbfybc eakt,fsf rjvbchbcjabcb98 rjheawbbc obyffqvltu cf[tk-vobajsf ]ueab +GRECO‘8cojhtl cfmfhsdtkjc tdhjcf,zj-

ib ufotdhbfyt,fv vbcwf eybrfkehb it-cf&kt,kj,f cfmfhsdtkjc vjmfkf-mtt,c 2 cfvfhsfkb t&t,jy flfvbfybceakt,fsf tdhjgek cfcfvfhskjib8

&fkbfy ,tdhvf cojhtl cnhfc,eh-

ubc cfcfvfhskjib lffvnrbwf sfdb-cb cbvfhskt8

bidbfs itvs[dtdt,ib7 vfuhfvcnhfc,ehubc cfcfvfhskj cf[tkvob-ajsfijhbc lfdt,cfw ufyb[bkfdc8 tcitcf&kt,kj,f hectsbc obyffqvltufhfths[tk ufvjb.tyf cfmfhsdtkjvfwlf vfufkbsfl7 ltgjhnb ht,eksfcfmvtt,pt lffvfhw[f rbltw bc8

f[kf cfmfhsdtkjc vjmfkfmtt,b@__( okbc fudbcnjc jvsfy lfrfdib-ht,ek vybidytkjdfy uflfo.dtnbkt-,t,cfw tkjlt,bfy8

3tdhjgbc cf,zjv epfhvfpfhb7 lf-lt,bsb hjkb itfchekf ltvjrhfnb-bc gbhdtkb .kjhnt,bc ofhvjij,bc7ufyvnrbwt,bc cfmvtib8 tdhjcf,zj b.jbvtlb7 hjv htfkehfl lfudtythuf td-hjgekb7 lfcfdkehb afctekj,t,bxdtyc mdt.fyfib47 2 te,yt,f 3hflbj sf-dbceakt,fc4 tdhjgbc cf,zjc s,bkb-cbc gjkbnbrehb cofdkt,bc crjkbclfvffhct,tkb lf lbhtmnjhb fhvfpf[dktlbfyb8

fhvfp f[dktlbfyb abmhj,c7 hjvvjkjlbyb eahj lblb b.j lf @_okbc ufyvfdkj,fib cfmfhsdtkj-ib vtnb ghjuhtcbc vbqotdf b.j it-cf&kt,tkb8

* * *@__( okbc hects-cfmfhsdtkjc

fudbcnjc jvbc itltut,c fhfthsb ht-pjkewbf vbe&qdyf tdhjcf,zjc cf-gfhkfvtynj fcfv,ktfv 2 vrfwhb nj-ybsf lf hectsbcflvb vjojlt,t,bs58 ufb.dfyjc sfdbcb fhvbf cfmfh-

sdtkjc htubjyt,blfy98 erfy ofbqjc jregbht,ekb nt-hbnjhbt,bc lfvjerblt,tk mdt.yt-,fl fqbfht,bc uflfo.dtnbkt,f9

8 lfeidfc tdhjgtkb vtsdfk.e-htt,b jregbht,ek nthbnjhbt,pt98 itfchekjc @__( okbc wtw[-kbc ito.dtnbc itsfy[vt,bs yfrbchb.dtkf dfklt,ekt,f8fudbcnjc jvbc stvf tdhjcf,zjc

obyfit hectsbc dfklt,ekt,fsf vj-ybnjhbyubc ljrevtynt,ibw fbcf[f8jvbc stvfpt cfgfhkfvtynj fcfv,ktbcc[ljvfsf lfh,fpib lt,fnt,b bvfh-st,jlf bv itvs[dtdt,ibw7 hjltcfwhtpjkewbf eiefkjl fudbcnjc jvcfh erfdibhlt,jlf8

lt,fnt,bc lhjc hectsb .jdtk-sdbc evwbhtcj,fib hxt,jlf8 vfc ufy-cfresht,bs fqbpbfyt,lf nthvbyb3jregfwbf47 hjvtkbw ljrevtynt,ibfhfthsupbc fhbc vj[ctybt,ekb8

3tdhjcf,zjc otdh mdt.yt,c fmds dfk-lt,ekt,t,bw8 serb itbkf[f mdt.ybc ce-dthtybntnb7 thsvf mdt.fyfv vtjhbc vb-vfhs cfthsfijhbcjl fqbfht,ekbghbywbgt,b7 fy cfthsfijhbcj cfvfhs-kbc yjhvt,b lffhqdbf7 sfdbcsfdfl td-hjcf,zj htfubht,c7 cfgfhkfvtynjfcfv,ktf htpjkewbt,c bqt,c47 2 fv-,j,c rf[f ujujkfidbkb8

tdhjcf,zjc cfgfhkfvtynj fcfv,-ktbc htpjkewbt,c7 bctdt7 hjujhwcfthsfijhbcj sfyfvtuj,hj,bc c[dfvjojlt,t,c fhfcjltc bsdfkbcobyt,-lf hectsb8

sevwf cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbe-kb vskbfyj,bc v[fhlfvzth htpjke-wbt,c gjkbnjkjut,b sdkbfy vybi-dytkjdfy cf.hltyfl lf bfhfqfl lt-jregfwbbcsdbc lbgkjvfnbehb ,h&-kbc ghjwtcib8

KTKF REYZEKBF

CFMFHSDTKJC eybdthcbntnt,ib ufwtvekb .dt-kf lbgkjvb bmyt,f fqbfht,ekb lf dfkblehb td-hjrfdibhib7 2 fvbc itcf[t, cfmfhsdtkjc ghtvbth-vbybcnhvf vfverf ,f[nf&tv ufyfskt,bc [fhbc[bc ufy-dbsfht,bc wtynhbc tdhjgbc [fhbc[bc epheydtk-.jabc cffutynjt,bc fcjwbfwbfib +ENQA‘ ufotdhb-fyt,bcflvb vb&qdybk qjybc&bt,fpt cbn.dbs ufvjc-dkbcfc ufyfw[flf8

vsfdhj,bc vtsfehvf ENQA-ib ufotdhbfyt,fc bc-njhbekb afmnb eojlf lf fqybiyf7 hjv cfmfhs-dtkjv evfqktcb ufyfskt,bc &fkbfy vfqfkb cnfy-lfhnbcrty &fkbfy ghbywbgekb lf vybidytkjdfybyf,b]b uflfluf8

hjujhw vfverf ,f[nf&tv ufyfw[flf7 cfmfhsdt-kjc tmyt,f .dtkf ghfmnbrekb vtmfybpvb hfsf7evfqktcb cfcofdkt,kt,b .dtkf rhbnthbevc fr-vf.jabkt,lyty8 ghtvbth-vbybcnhvf ENQA-ib uf-otdhbfyt,bcsdbc cfmfhsdtkjc tdhjgtk vtuj,ht,clf fv ghjwtcib xfhsek .dtkf flfvbfyc ufycfres-ht,ekb vflkj,f uflfe[flf8

3xtvsdbc ufycfresht,bs cfcb[fhekj lf cffvf.jf7hjv xdtyc vbth lffyjyct,ekb ufyfskt,bc htajh-vf7 xdtyb thjdyekb bltf7 erdt rjyrhtnek itltut,cudf&ktdc8 hf smvf eylf7 xdty eylf udtcvjltc7 hjv tcfhbc lblb ufvfh]dt,f7 vfuhfv fvfdt lhjc7 tc fhbclblb gfce[bcvut,kj,f8 xdty7 xdtyc eybdthcbntnt,-sfy thsfl7 fm nbehfl eylf dbveifjs7 hjv hfwitb&kt,f vjrkt dflfib lfdfrvf.jabkjs .dtkf cnfy-lfhnb lf rhbnthbevb8 xdty vfmcbvfkehb ajrecb ey-lf ufdfrtsjs [fhbc[pt8 elbltcb gfce[bcvut,kj,ffhjltcfw ityc mdt.fyfib ufwtvekb lbgkjvb bsdkt,fdfkblehfl tdhjgfib lf ittcf,fvt,f tdhjrfdibhbccnfylfhnt,cf lf rhbnthbevt,c8 xdty fvfc vfmcbvfke-

hfl eylf ufdeahs[bklts47 2 ufyfw[flf vsfdhj-,bc vtsfehvf8

vsfdhj,f byntycbehfl bveifdt,c cfmfhsdtkjceybdthcbntnt,sfy7 hfsf fv res[bs cfvjmvtlj utu-vf ufbothjc8

3xdty udtmyt,f bynthyfwbjyfkbpfwbbc vtnb cfie-fkt,f8 xdtyb eybdthcbntnt,b tdhjgek eybdthcbnt-nt,sfy vtn lff[kjt,fc lf rjjgthfwbfc it&kt,ty8bmyt,f vfmcbvfkehb vj,bkj,f mfhsdtkb cneltynt-,bcf lf ghjatcjht,bcsdbc tdhjgfib veifj,bc sdfk-cfphbcbs7 thsj,kbdb cfvtwybthj ghjtmnt,b lf f8i8tc .dtkfathb lfrfdibht,ekb bmyt,f vtn abyfycehhtcehcsfy8 vjut[ctyt,fs7 xdty xdtyb vskbfyb iblfghjlemnbc ^ ghjwtync vbdvfhsfds ufyfskt,fpt7hfw7 afmnj,hbdfl7 ,be]tnbc vtjs[tlbf lf7 hf smvfeylf7 fv lfabyfyct,bc &fkbfy lblb yfobkb vbvfhse-kb bmyt,f evfqktc ufyfskt,fpt7 xdtyc eybdthcbnt-nt,pt47 2 fqybiyf ghtvbth-vbybcnhvf8

qjybc&bt,fc tcoht,jlyty cfmfhsdtkjib frht-lbnt,ekb lbgkjvfnbehb rjhgecbcf lf cfthsf-ijhbcj ljyjhb jhufybpfwbt,bc ofhvjvflutykt-,b7 gfhkfvtynbc otdht,b7 evfqktcb cfufyvfyfskt,-kj lfotct,ekt,t,bc htmnjht,b7 ufyfskt,bc tm-cgthnt,b lf ufyfskt,bc [fhbc[bc ufydbsfht,bcthjdyekb wtynhbc ofhvjvflutykt,b8

CFMFHSDTKJC EYBDTHCBNTNT,IB UFWTVEKB LBGKJVT,B

TDHJRFDIBHIB FQBFHT,EKB LF DFKBLEHB BMYT,F

Page 5: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

5

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

CBN.DF CFMVTL EYLF BMWTC=

LTLFMFKFMIB ufxfqt,ekerjynhjkj vityt,kj,fc sfy-lfsfy v fhoe[t,c vjezthty8s,bkbcbc vthvf rf[ f rfkf-&tv veybwbgfkbntnbc vsfd-hj,bc c[ljvfpt lfflfcnehf7hjv vthbf cfvityt,kj ecfa-hs[jt,bc vbvfhsekt,bs fh-ct,ekb yjhvt,bc vrfwh rjy-nhjkc bo.t,c8

3&fkbfy vybidytkjdfybf7 rb-ltd eahj ufdfvrfwhjs xdtybvblujvf lf lfvjrblt,ekt,fcfvityt,kj j,btmnt,pt7 hfsfvfmcbvfkehfl lfwekb b.jc bmvjveifdt flfvbfyt,bc ecfah-s[jt,f8 cfzbhjf7 rbltd eahjvtnb .ehflqt,f ufvjdbxbyjslf fewbkt,tkbf7 t8o8 htblt,bcxfnfht,f7 hfsf .dtkfcsdbc vj-

VITYT,KJ,T,PT VJEKJLYTKB

HTBLT,B LFBO.Jekjlytkb b.jc bm vbcdkf lfuflfvjovt,f7 hfsf .dtkfv uf-bsfdbcjc7 se hfvltyfl vybid-ytkjdfybf sbsjtekb flfvbf-ybc cbwjw[kt8 tc eylf ufbsf-dbcjc7 hjujhw lfvcfmvt,tk-vf lf lfvrdtsvf7 fctdt bv flf-vbfyt,vf7 hjvkt,bw cfvityt,-kj j,btmnt,pt fhbfy lfcfmvt-,ekb47 2 ufyfw[flf ltlfmfkf-mbc vthvf8

s,bkbcbc vthbfib fw[flt-,ty7 hjv cfvityt,kj j,btmnt-,b bctlfw rjynhjklt,jlf7sevwf htblt,bc cfiefkt,bstc ghjwtcb uffmnbehlt,f lfvfcinf,eh cf[tc vbbqt,c8

pjuflfl vthbf vityt,kj-,t,bc vbvfhs c[dflfc[df ht-uekfwbt,bcf se wdkbkt,t-

,bc itvjqt,bc bybwbfnbdbsufvjlbc8 wjnf [ybc obyfs vt-hb lf vbcb vjflubktt,b cfv-ityt,kj ,bpytcbc ofhvjvfl-utykt,c it[dlyty lf lfutuvb-kb wdkbkt,t,b uffwytc8

cfe,fhb itt[j ths]thflfvybcnbfc bcts ityj,t,sfy vb-vfhst,fib7 hjvtksf vityt,-kj,f lfchekt,ekbf lf ityj-,f7 [ibh itvs[dtdfib7 itcf[kt-,ekbwff7 sevwf ufhrdtekblfhqdtdt,bc ufvj7 tmcgkefnf-wbfib dth itlbc8 cfe,fhb b.jityj,bc tmcgkefnfwbbc otcbchtfkehfl fvjmvtlt,fptw8

3dfgbht,s rfyjylt,kj,bceahj vtnfl ufvrfwht,fc7 hf-sf vityt,kj,t,bc ghjwtcibcfdfkfkj lfhqdtdt,b fqfh vb-

dbqjs8 fctdt dfgbht,s7 ufdfv-rfwhjs rfyjyvlt,kj,f tmcg-kefnfwbfib vbqt,fvlt ityj-,f-yfut,j,bc aeymwbjybht,bcyfobkib - udbylf7 hjv v[jkjllf v[jkjl ityj,bc lfchekt-,bcf lf tmcgkefnfwbfib vbqt-,bc itvltu b.jc itcf&kt,tkbityj,bc aeymwbjybht,f lf vfc-ib w[jdht,f8

uf hlf fv b cf 7 lfu tuv b kbudfmdc itqfdfst,bc lfotct,flfechekt,tkb vityt,kj,t-,bc vbvfhsekt,bs8 fv itvs[-dtdfibw7 xdtyb cehdbkbf7 fqfhufxyltc mfkfmib lfechekt-,tkb7 ecf[ehb vityt,kj,t,b8fv bybwbfnbdt,c ltdtkjgtht-,bc v[hblfy cfrvfjl lflt,b-sb htfmwbf vj.df8 &bhbsfl yf-obkib itdsfy[vlbs7 hjv cf-vbdt wdkbkt,f vybidytkjdf-yb lf fewbkt,tkbf7 sevwf uf-vjbsmdf itybidyt,bw8 xdty vfsfewbkt,kfl ufdbsdfkbcob-yt,s47 2 ufyfw[flf ltlfmfkf-mbc vthbc vjflubktv bkb ftkjidbkvf 8

s,bkbcbc vthbbc ptlfv-

[tldtkj,bc cfvcf[ehib fv,j-,ty7 hjv yt,bcvbthb lfvhqdt-dbc vbvfhs vrfwhb cfymwbt,blfotclt,f8 cfvcf[ehbc [tk-v&qdfytkbc ubjhub ,fuhfnb-jybc smvbs7 hbu itvs[dtdfibrb7 itcf&kjf7 j,btmnbc lt-vjynf;bc uflfo.dtnbkt,f vb-bqjy8

3htblt,bc lfo.t,bc rjyrht-nek sfhbqc dth utn.dbs8 rjy-rhtnek j,btmnc lfrjvgktm-nt,ekb ]ueat,b itfvjovt,ty8sbsj j,btmnpt7 cfdfhfeljl7$ flfvbfyb itdf8 ufvjdktybkafmnt,pt rjvgfybt,c ]fhbvt,blfeotclt,fs8 cfymwbt,b bctlfwfhbc lf vjvfdfkibw ufuh&tk-lt,f8

fv tnfgpt rjynhjkb vrfw-hfl xfnfhlt,f7 xdtyb vbpfybf7ecfahs[jt,bc gbhj,t,bc yjh-vfpt vj.dfyf7 hfcfw htblt,bvybidytkjdyfl iteo.j,c [tkc8erblehtc itvs[dtdfib7 itb&kt-,f ltvjynf;bw ufy[jhwbtk-ltc47 2 fw[flt,c ,fuhfnbjyb8

,TMF LFYTKBF

VFBCBLFY gbhdtk fs vc[dbk cfofhvjc itt&kt,ftktmnhjtythubf 3stkfcbcf4 lf 3tythuj-ghjc4 udth-lbc fdkbs7 gbhlfgbh vofhvjt,kbcufy itb&byjc8 tc ht-ajhvbc gbhdtkb tnfgbf7 hjvtkbw cfmfhsdtkjib sf-dbceafkb tythutnbrekb ,fphbc fvjmvtlt,fc bsdfkbc-obyt,c8

cfmfhsdtkjv tdhjrfdibhbcf lf cfthsfijhb-cj jhufybpfwbf 3tythutnbrekb ufthsbfyt,bc4 ob-yfit fbqj dfklt,ekt,f7 hjv tythutnbrbc cathjibcf,fphj ghbywbgt,c lffvrdblht,c8 ]th]thj,bssfdbceafkb dfzhj,bc cfiefkt,f fsbjlt vc[dbkcfofhvjc vbtwf8 vfs ijhbc fhbc vtnfkehubekbmfh[yt,b7 ,bnrjbyt,bc cfofhvj l f8i8

3fmfvlt tktmnhjtythubf eylf t.blfs v[jkjlcflbcnhb,ewbj rjvgfybt,bcufy7 hjvtkbw v[jkjljhb udfmdc 2 3stkfcb4 lf 3tythuj ghj48 f[kf cfofh-vjt,c7 hjvkt,bw lblb hfjltyj,bs vjb[vfhty tktm-nhjtythubfc7 cfiefkt,f vbtwtvfs7 bc iefvfdkbc uf-htit itb&byjy hjvtkbvt /blhjtktmnhjcfluehbc-ufy7 mfhbc cfluehbcufy fy7 cfthsjl7 c[df mdt.yblfyitvjbnfyjy888 fvbs [fh]b yfrkt,b tmyt,fs lf cnbvekbvbtwtvfs vtnb fofhvjjy4 7 2 fv,j,c trjyjvbcnb fy-

S,BKBCBC VTHVF rf[f rfkf&tv cjwb-fkeh mctk 3atbc,embc4 cfresfh udth-lpt vjhbub dbltjvbvfhsdf uffdhwtkf7hjvtkibw ltlfmfkfmbc vjcf[ktj,fc f[f-kb7 hdfvtnhbfyb fdnj,ect,bc athbc it-cfhxtdfl vjcfpht,t,bc lfabmcbht,bcflf ufvjrbs[dfib vjyfobktj,bcrty vje-ojlf8

rf[f rfkf&bc smvbs7 erdt ufvjdkbylfntylthib ufvfh]dt,ekb rjvgfybf7 hj-vtkbw okbc ,jkjvlt s,bkbcib @@_ th-stek hdfvtnhbfy fdnj,ecc itvjb.dfyc8

RF[F RFKF&T FDNJ,ECBC ATHBC ITCFHXTDFL

ATBC,EMPT UFVJRBS[DFC FNFHT,C

SFDBCEAFKB ,FPFHB GBHDTKB

!_ CFOFHVJCSDBClhbf udblbfyb8 fv itvs[dtdfib vc[dbkb cfofhvjcrhbnthbevt,ib vjtmwf bc fsb rjvgfybf7 hjvkt,bwsdtib fhfyfrkt, % vbkbjy rbkjdfn cffsc vjb[-vfhty5 3zbfsehvfyufyevb47 3]tjcsbkb47 3RMG COP-PER47 3?fbltk,thuwtvtynb47 3hecsfdbc ajkflb47 igc3hectkjbc47 hecsfdbc 3fpjnb47 3]bsbtv uhegb47 igc3fbsbkt,47 3,kjm afethb48

trjyjvbrbcf lf vluhflb ufydbsfht,bc cfvbybc-nhjib fw[flt,ty7 hjv .dtkfathsfy thsfl tc cb-f[kt [tkc iteo.j,c ltybc lf,fkb nfhbabc ityfh-xeyt,fc8 tythutnbrekb htajhvt,bcf lf ghjtmnt-,bc ltgfhnfvtynbc eahjcb pfpf xb[hf&t fv,j,c7hjv tktmnhjtythubbc vj[vfht,f bphlt,f7 bfabtythubbc o.fhj rb ,tdhb fhf udfmdc8

tc hjv fh ufrtst,ekb.j7 itcf&kjf cfvjv[vf-ht,kj nfhbat,b ufphlbkb.j7 hflufy vpfhl vj[-vfht,fc fqfh /.jaybc tyueh/tcbc bfab tythubf888

bfab tythubbc o.fhjib buekbc[vt,f tyueh/t-cbc tythubf7 hjvtkbw7 hjujhw otcb7 vjcf[ktj-,fpt yfobklt,f8 fv]thfl vc[dbk vjv[vfht,kt,citt&kt,fs tktmnhjtythubf c[df /tct,bcufy it-bc.bljy8

3vfbcb itdfhxbts bvbnjv7 hjv pfa[ekib tktmn-hjtythubf .dtkfpt bfabf8 fv tnfgpt vfs fh ufezbh-lt,fs itlfht,bs bfab tktmnhjtythubbc vj&t,yf8ite&kbfs fctdt ufthsbfylyty lf ]ueaehb rjynhfm-nt,b lfljy7 hflufy utythfwbbc j,btmnt,cfw fmdsbynthtcb7 hjv cnf,bkehb vjv[vfht,kt,b /.fdlts8tc hjv fh ufrtst,ekb.j7 itcf&kjf cfvjv[vfht,kjnfhbat,b ufphlbkb.j7 hflufy vpfhl vj[vfht,fcfqfh /.jaybc tyueh/tcbc bfab tythubf47 2 fv,j,cpfpf xb[hf&t8

vbcbdt smvbs7 htajhvf ufuh&tklt,f tnfgj,-hbdfl7 hbcb vbpfybw ,fphbc eahj vtnfl kb,thf-kbpfwbff8 cf,jkjjl [fk[c7 fye yt,bcvbth vjv[-vfht,tkc7 sfdfl itt&kt,f7 itfhxbjc tythubbcvofhvjt,kb8

STF SJAEHBF

RJCNFDFC ufvpbhpt7 lfybehb cf[-kbc erfy cfvtlbwbyj-lbfuyjcnbrehbwtynhbc vityt,kj,f vfbcib ufuh&tk-lt,f8 j,btmnbc ths-thsb vtcfreshbc7zf,erf xbhuf&bc smvbs7 vityt,kj,f-ht-rjycnhemwbbc &bhbsflb yfobkb erdtlfcheklf7 sevwf7 cfvityt,kj htue-kfwbt,bc fvjmvtlt,bc ufvj ghjtmnbclfchekt,f ufzbfyehlf8

hjujhw ,bpytcvtyb 3rjvthcfyn-sfy4 ufyvfhnfdc7 ufzbfyeht,bc vbpt-pb cf[fy&hj ecfahs[jt,ff7 hjvtkbwrjvgfybfc ghjtmnib ufsdfkbcobyt,e-kb lf7 itcf,fvbcfl7 vthbfcsfy itsfy-[vt,ekb fh /mjylf8 xbhuf&t fw[f-lt,c7 hjv cojhtl fv lf vcufdcc ntm-

ybreh cfrbs[t,pt [lt,jlf fv lhjbcufyvfdkj,fib ghjtmnbc vjhut,f8

3vthbfib &fkbfy vj,bkbpt,ekb cfv-cf[eht,bf8 cfrvfjl cohfab lf v.bcbt-hb htrjvtylfwbt,b vbdbqts8 cfrbs[bjhufybpt,ekfl vjudfhlf8 f[kf !% vf-bcc xfvjdkty bydtcnjht,b lf chekbrjywtgnefkehb lfutuvdf vj[lt,f74 2fw[flt,c xbhuf&t8

rbs[dfpt7 hjlbc it&kt,c cfvtlb-wbyj wtynhb gbhdtkb gfwbtynbc vb-qt,fc lf hf ghjabkbs7 xbhuf&t ufy-vfhnfdc7 itcf&kjf tc okbc ,jkjvltvj[ltc8 hfw itt[t,f ghjabkc7 xbh-uf&t fw[flt,c7 hjv tc bmyt,f kf,jhf-njhbf7 cflfw sbsmvbc .dtkf nbgbc

rdktdt,bc xfnfht,f bmyt,f itcf&kt-,tkb8 vfs ijhbc bmyt,f qthjdfyb e]-htlt,bc kf,jhfnjhbfw8

hjujhw wyj,bkbf7 @_!* okbc st,th-dfkib7 s,bkbcib7 rjcnfdfc 1*_-ib vlt-,fht mjyt,bc ths-thsb vtcfresht7 abpb-rehb gbhb zf,er xbhuf&t uf[lf8 bydtcnj-hb uthvfybfib vw[jdht,b mfhsdtkb ,bp-ytcvtybf lf e&hfdb mjyt,f tktmnhj-yek femwbjypt ! $(# ___ kfhfl b.blf8

vfiby bsmdf7 hjv v[jkjl cfvit-yt,kj-vjgbhrtst,bc cfveijt,ib by-dtcnjhb lff[kjt,bs yf[tdfh vbkb-jy ljkfhc lf[fh]fdlf8

cf[tkvobaj mjyt,bc thjdyekb cff-utynjc byajhvfwbbs7 femwbjypt ufvj-

nfybkb b.j s,bkbcib7 rjcnfdfc mexf1*_-ib +bubdt ufvcf[ehlbfc ufvp8 1%‘71( ityj,f-yfut,j,fib gbhdtk cfhsek-pt vlt,fht #%*8^@ rd8v8 afhsb lf vfcpt ob-kj,hbdfl lfvfuht,ekb fhfcfcjakj-cfvtehytj lfybiyekt,bc vbobc yfrdtsb71( ityj,f-yfut,j,fib cfhlfabc cfh-sekpt vlt,fht !_#8#_ rd8v afhsbc lf vfc-pt obkj,hbdfl lfvfuht,ekb fhfcf-cjakj-cfvtehytj lfybiyekt,bc vbobcyfrdtsb7 fctdt 1% ityj,f-yfut,j,fibgbhdtk cfhsekpt vlt,fht *$(8@* rd8vafhsbc lf vfcpt obkj,hbdfl lfvfuht-,ekb fhfcfcjakj-cfvtehytj lfybiye-kt,bc vbobc yfrdtsb8

CJAJ MCJDHTKB

CFVTLBWBYJ-LBFUYJCNBREHB WTYNHBC VITYT,KJ,F VFBCIB UFUH&TKLT,F

Page 6: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

6

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

VF>DFKF UJYFIDBKC cfbe,bktj sf-hbqb itecheklf8

fv othbkc thsb e,hfkj lfybiye-kt,f fmdc 2 vrbs[dtkc fe[cyfc7 se hf-njv e.dfhc vbc fdnjhc vf.dfkf ujyfi-dbkbc gjtpbf lf sfdfl fv gjtpbbc it-vjmvtlb8

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkbc ktmct,bc gbh-dtk rht,ekc 3.f.fxjt,bc rjwyf4 /mdbflf itb&kt,f sfvfvfl bsmdfc7 hjv fv vbc-nbrehvf7 atthbekvf rjwyfv bctsb rj-wjyb lffysj7 hjv vbcb v[ehdfkt,f lfcbyfnbat lqtvlt kfbnvjnbdfl lf?.-dt,f gjtnbc itvjmvtlt,fc8 fhcsfufvhb-utv sbsmjc c[bdbs yfmfhub mfkfvyt,bxffwdf at[pt7 ubihbc svfpt ]bqf lffl-uf lf bct ufeidf gjtpbbc eqhfyt,ib cf-[tnbfkjl lf sfy vbfybiyf7 hjv cf[baf-sj7 afsthfrt,bs lf nrbdbkt,bs cfd-ct upt,bs tdkj7 se eyljlf7 vbcb it-vjmvtlt,f yfqlb gjtpbbc ndbafhbs .j-abkb.j fq,tzlbkb8 se hfv xfb,tzlfcekib fv vidtybthvf gjtnvf7 hjvkbcitvjmvtlt,bc ufhtitw erdt ofhvjel-utytkbf \\-\\6 cfereytt,bc upfufcf.f-hbc mfhsekb gjtpbf7 bc xfb,tzlf7 hjvvbcsdbc egbhdtktcb cfabwfhb lf cft-cfdb vbobc bc ,tknbf7 cfvij,kj hjv?mdbf cf[tkfl7 jwyt,t,bs e[tlyfd mf-ht,c fltdyt,ekb mdt.fyf7 rfwj,hbj,bcvflkcf lf vb-hjyc hjv ofh-vjflutyc 2 lfrbltd ltlfvb-obc vfhbkc7hjvkbc ufhtitgtob lf tkdf-ht,f vjfrklt-,jlf xdtyc wbc-ath7 ekfvfptcgkfytnfc8

]fyceq xfh-rdbfyb othlf5

3vf.dfkf uj-yfidbkbc ktmc-sf vidtybtht,f7hjujhw odbvbcitvl tu wbcfh -n.tkf7 bct uf-vjrhsf wfpt888 vtduh&yj ,l b7 bv,f dide h cf l fgbhdtk.jabk ueke,h.dbkj,fc7 hjvt-kbw cfafytkbf ztivfhbnb gjtpbbcf48

3hf eylf b.jc kfvfpb mfkbc vidtyb-thb ktmct,bc ufvjcfhxkt,fpt eahj cf-fvf.j7 hjwf bub 3ctdlbs cfdctf7 hjujhwqhe,tkb l f sdbs fh bwbc7 hjlbc bo-dbvt,c4 8 2 tc ahfpf rb mfhsekb voth-kj,bc rkfcbrjcc zf,ef fvbht]b,ctresdybc8

ufyf hfqf eylf lfothj fvfpt erts7ufyf hjujh eylf itfafcj fv lblt,e-kb mfk,fnjybc itvjmvtlt,f7 hjv hf-bvt f[fkb lf qbhctekb ofvjuwltc888

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkb [jv fstekbokt,bf7 hfw at[ibidtkb vbe.dt,f trkb-fy ,bkbrt,c lf sfy fsfcb zjhb lf n.e-bk-vfhsfkb vb/.dt,f cfg.fhb vfs[jd-hbc uelfcfdbs8 lf,pfhekb [jhyf,e-]bdbs cekb r,bkbs ezbhfdc lf vfbywfh n.lt,f7 fh yt,lt,f oesbcjakbcvlbyfht,fc7 vpbc c[bdt,bs mcjdc xfkbc-ath lhjit,c7 rtvcfdc vtnfajht,bsufwdtsbk afhlfuc7 ,fdidbdbs tsfvfit-,f cbrdlbkc rfwbcf lf vbobc eqtkibit,vekb lf fmts udt,jlbit,f7 fmtsuds[jdc gfnbt,fc7 ye ufvbo.ht,bs7 sevfhnbc cektk fvbylt,c dutdfhj8 vbccekib [jv .jdtkbdt bct vtjhlt,f7 hj-ujhw fcb7 jhfcb7 fsfcb7 vbhbflb okbcobyfs vtjhlt,jlf5 ajsjkwdtyf7 mfhblf odbvf7 cb.dfhekb lf sfdufyobhdf7thsuekt,f lf qfkfnb8 &ytkbf .jdtkb-dt fvbc fnfyf7 fvbc uflf[fhidf7 vfuhfvgjtnbf lf e&kt,c8 hfnjv0 bvbnjv7 hjvbcbw rfhufl vjt[ctyt,f7 vbc yfnthafk-pt whtvkt,b vpbcath bt,fl fvjbodt-ht,f [jkvt lf fhyf[ekb cehytkbs f,-het,c ufhtvjc8

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkb mfhsdtkb gjt-nbf7 s[tvbs nthafvlt mfhsdtkb gjt-nb7 mfhsek cbovbyltt,ib xfrbhekb gj-tnb lf hf ufcfrdbhbf7 uekbc uekib?mjyltc fvjndbahekb bkbf zfdzfdf-&bc 2 ovblf bkbf vfhskbc cfvt,f 2 vf-vekb7 tyf7 cfhoveyjt,f8

fvltyvf abmhvf lf lfhlvf;fvbdbs [tkb lfvhbf7ityc obk[dtlh v[fhtc vb[tlt7

udtlht,7 mfkoekj vfhbfv=tdtlht,f qdsbcvij,tkc7 tdtlht,f

qdsbehb vflkbs c[bdvjcbk vfw[jdfhclf eakbc [bkdfc lfyfnht,ekb c[bdcvb/.dt,f ptwbehb cfyf[t,bcrty7 ovbylfcfeakjcrty7 vfuhfv .dtkf rfhb lf lf-hf,f lf[iekb [dlt,f8 ufvzdfhnkekwfpt hjujh ubgjdj7 eptyftcjj7 2 fq-vj[lt,f cfcjofhrdtsbkc8 tc nhfubp-vbs cfdct ufywlf htfkj,bcf ,tdh hf-vtpt lffabmht,c gjtnc7 seylfw bvfpt7hjv vbcb cftcfdb cfvij,kj7 vbcb cftcfdbmfhsdtkj,f dth w[jdhj,c bct7 hj-ujhw eylf w[jdhj,ltc qdsbcvjibibthb7 hjvkbcsdbcfw egbhdtktcb ztivf-hbnt,f eakbc fsb vwyt,f eylf b.jc8 bc7hfcfw f[kf lfdoth7 itb&kt,f vskfl fhtcflfut,jltc fv othbkbc lfybiyekt-,fc7 vfuhfv888 tc hf vfhskfw efvehb ;fvblfudbluf7 mfhsdtkt,j7 hjwf thsb [t-

xfkvbfy sfdt,c hjv fujyt,c8 lbf[fw hjv&ytkbf lf nrbdbkfvlt fenfytkb bvbclfyf[df7 hjujh itvj[dtdbf dfpc trfk-,fhlb5

xdtyj cfufkj,tkj7ity yfskekj vpbcf7ybyjc svbs lf[kfhsekj7[tj cbovbylbcf8ufxemehsvts nf&ht,pt7dbs qdsbcvij,kbc [fnb7udbyfst,lf cnhbmjyt,cityb fsbyfsb8hfvltyb ctdlf lf dft,ff xfqdhbkb

fv cnhbmjyt,ib7 hf vfhsfkbf gjtnb7hjwf [vfvfqkf fw[flt,c7 uflf[cybkbvfmdc .dtkf zhbkj,f7 cbc[kbs rb fhf7ctdlbs dbwkt,bj8 f,f7 c[dfyfbhfl hfbabmhjc lf vjbvjmvtljc itvjmvtlvf7hjwf ujyt,flfybckekb mfhsdtkt,bv[jkjl [byrkbc j[ibdfhblfy itcwmt-

,ho.bydfkt kbhbrjcb7 cb.dfhekbcs-dbc lf lblb flfvbfyehb ,tlybtht,bc-sdbc ufxtybkb cecnpt cecnb fhct,f7hjvtkbw zbfyzdtkfcfw fh lfflufvlfat[c7 ]fzdbc gthfyuc bwdfvc7 vepfhflcb[ehfdc sfdpt lf eibihfl ufvjlbcvij,tkb mdt.ybc cflfhf]jpt8 mfk,f-njy vf.dfkfc ,jkj okt,bc cfvjmfkfmjgjtpbf ufrdbhdt,s ajkflbct,ehb cbv-nrbwbs7 itedfkj,bs7 ghbywbgekj,bslf7 hfw .dtkfpt vsfdfhbf7 cbvfhskbs7lblb flfvbfyehb cbvfhskbs7 hjvtk-cfw fhfse dth ittlfdt,b7 [vfcfw dthfvjbqt,8

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkbc cfvjmfkfmj gj-tpbf ibvibkbs ufcfdfst,ekb7 abmhbsufvjabnekb sfyfvj&vtt,bc ufvjcfhx-kt,ff7 hjvtksfw cfvij,kj ths lblacbmbfnhbek rkbybrfl uflfmwtdbfslf fqfh bwbfy pdfdib vj.jkbkt,vf7

WBCFHN>TKT,BC,BYFLFHB

kbs dpqelfds +chekbfl cfvfhskb-fyfl` sfv,fmjcf lf ybrjnbybc vj[vfht-,fc7 [jkj vtjhtsb dfrfyjyt,s sfv,f-mjpt vbhbfl]th vtnb ,jhjnt,bc vjv-nfyb yfhrjnbrt,bc ktufkbpfwbfc8 fk-,fs7 fvbnjvfw itvjudo.hf eafkb lf rb-ltd c[df efvhfdb wjldbcf se ,jhjnt-,bc ufvj8 vf.dfkf ujyfidbkb rb t&t,cupfc [cybcfc lf vblbc bv kjubreh lfc-rdyfvlt7 hjv fhfathb fh udtidtkt,f7

se fh itvjf,b]t,cfv mfkfmib vptcfdbsrfwb c[bdpt vfqfkb7&t 2 wbcf lf vbobc888lf rbltd5 fh udtidtkt,f vfyfvlt7 cf-

yfv cfresfh uekib7 cfresfh cekib fhvjdb&bt,s lf fh fqvjdfxtys fhcsfufv-hbutc xdtycfc8 sfdfl gjtnc rb vbcb ob-kb mhbcntc rdfhsb lf cfvczefkb lb-lb [fybf7 cekib cfueklfuekjl uflf-eyf[fdc lf bct vbe.dt,f ujkujsbc upfclf sfy sfyfvj&vts vjeojlt,c7 nf&hb-crty vbvfdfk upfc uf/.dyty7 vbs evtntc7hjv cfmfhsdtkjc ltlftrktcbfc lqtcztivfhbnfl qdsbc rfwb 2 eovbyltcb lfeytnfhtcb bkbf vtjht elufc cfsfdtib8qdsbc rfwb7 hjvkbc cb,h&ytv7 ujybtht-,fv7 obylf[tlekt,fv fhfths[tk b[cyfcfmfhsdtkj e,tleht,bcfufy8

vflkj,f eafkc7 smdty vjufyljs,tlb mfhskbcf7

kjwdbs lf whtvkbs fubdcbfscb,h&ybc cfkfhj7

hflufy smdty v.td[fhs7 vpbc yfstkbflufc xtvc vfvekc7

cfvjwbmekj trktcbbc vfvfvsfdfhj=vbvfhsfdc gjtnb cfmfhsdtkjc

vo.tvcvsfdfhc lf tbvtlt,f vbcb7 tbvtlt-,f7 hjv qdsbcij,kbc obk[dljvbkbmdt.fyf uflfhxt,f7 sevwf tzdb vfbywqhqybc lf vjcdtyt,fc fh f&ktdc8 f,f7hjujh vjbcdtyjc7 hjwf [tlfdc7 hjv cf-resfhb atcdt,b uflfdzthbs7 ahst,bvjdrdtsts ae&bc fyutkjpc7 hjwf 3vj[-dtdbf zbujc dyt,bs dfpbc yfwdkflecehdfpb47 hjwf [jvkbc vsfpt fcekcpdht,bc yfwdkfl cfpfvshjc ,fqxt,b[dlt,f7 bv cfpfvshjcb7 .bpbk,fisf

hbfy cfresfh mdt.fyfc lf kfvbc kjsbccb.dfhekbdbs xffnbjy zbmfib bdthsfv[fht8 cojhtl fv lhjc [dlt,f mfk,f-njyb vf.dfkf7 hjv vbc utyib vbcb lblbobyfght,bc itvrhsfkb cekb rbdbc lf,jhufdc8 lbf[7 wfhudfkpt fwf[wf[t,e-kb dfhcrdkfdt,bc [jvkbc ajypt shsb-fy lf iajsfdty obyfgfhsf ovbylf ce-kt,b lf vjcdtyt,fc fh udf&ktdty7 hfl-ufy fv mdt.fyfib mfhb hjv mhbc7 mfhb rbfhf7 vfvekbc rdytcff7 odbvbc lhjc rbodbvbc odtst,bc yfwdkfl eakbc whtv-kb vjujhfdc nfnyj,pt888 xdtyc vbnjdt-,ek cjakt,c rb thsflths thsuekzbhbceakfl mfh,jh,fkf ithxtybf7 of-ktrdbs hjv tvemht,f .dtkfc lf .dtkf-athc8 cojhtl fvbc itv[tldfhtc fqvj[-lt,f gjtnc5

tc ktmcb fhff7 tc xtvb whtvkbf7fvlty [fyc uekbs hjv dvfkt7hjlbc ufstylt,f7 hjlbc ufstylt,f0vfkt7 cfyfnhtkj7 vfkt8888 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8fvbhfyc vnhbc fhf7 yfskbbc

]byb czbhc7.jhfyb lfcotdbf vthfyc7lqtc yfobk-yfobk ukt]fdty

cfmfhsdtkjc7hjujhw vfw[jdfhbc gthfyuc8.jdtkbdt fvbc itvltu7 hf vjhw[dfl7

hf cf.dfhkfl ofvjcwlt,f fdnjhc5dfb7 hjujh vjvtyfnhfvptpt vjiherekb ibylb8lf smdty [dlt,bs7 &dbhafcj vrbs[-

dtkj7 fv vjiherekb ibylbc vjyfnht,fe,hfkj vjyfnht,f fh fhbc7 fhw ,fd-idj,bc vjyfnht,ff lf fhw bv evidtyb-thtcb vjujyt,t,bc vjyfnht,f7 [fylf[fy&bkcfw hjv udbrfhufdc [jkvt7 tc bv cf-mfhsdtkjc vjyfnht,ff7 hjltcfw mdt-.fyfc vbc ,tlcf se e,tlj,fpt qhvflxfabmht,ekb thbcrfwt,b vfhsfdlyty7mdt.ybcsdbc sfdufyobhdf hjv itt&kjs7hjvtksf ovbylf cbc[kbw e[dfl bqdht-,jlf .fhf.jhevbc elf,yjt,cf se ib-hfpbc dtkpt888 bv cfmfhsdtkjc vjyfn-ht,ff7 df;rfwc df;rfwb hjv thmdf lf vfy-lbkjcfyc 2 vfylbkjcfyb8 [tlfds7 hfit&kt,bf gjtnc7 ths cnhbmjyib xffnb-jc dtt,f lfhlb lf dft,f7 nrbdbkb lf cf-cjofhrdtsf vfiby7 hjltcfw vptw rbfqfh vptj,c888

.jdtkbdt fvfc uh&yj,c lf [tlfdc gj-tnb7 uh&yj,c7 hjv ;fvb lfvlufhf7 ;fvbe;fvehb ecbn.dj rfwsf7 hjv xdtybw[jdht,f xhlbkib lfvobat,ek [bkclfvcufdct,bf7 eutvehcf lf fhfahbc vfm-ybcc8 .jdtkbdt fvbc itv[tldfht itvjm-vtlb dth lfhxt,f udthlpt lf hbyubcvcf]bdbs dth lfeo.t,c fsdkfc yjrfen-ib xfdfhlybk cfvij,kjc8 fvbnjvfw tc

hjvtk ths cfnrbdfhc7 hjvtk thsghj,ktvfc ecfidtkjy8 sfyfvtlhjdtltvjrhfnbf [jv yt,flfhsek cb&ekdb-kfl mwtekf .jdtkbdt bvbcf7 hfvfw fmf-vjvlt vjudb.dfyf8

upf f,ytdbf ae&bc fyutkjpc7xfvjmwtekf vfqfkb zthblf ivjhbc ceybs vb,ytlbk mfkfmcfdnjvfnt,bc fqdb&t,c ]thb888cekb itutrdht,fs7 uekb itutrevit-

,fs fv wbrkbc ktmct,bc ofrbs[dbcfc8gjtnbc vbpfybw tc fhbc7 hjv ufvjfa[bp-kjc kfvbc cfqfsfc &bkib xfdfhlybkbthb lf bc cfojdfhf ufvjfwfkjc gbhb-lfy7 hjvkbsfw vbc cfvelfvj vb&byt,fcfgbht,ty8

xtvb cbvwbhbs vfvwbht,ty7xtvb cbrtsbs7

gjkbnbrfc rb cf&futkb ceyb fmdcivjhbc7

dlufdfh lfqkbkb cbvfhskbc lfcbwhebc rfhsfy

lf dt&t, cfpqdfhc cbrdlbkcf lfcbwjw[ktc ijhbc8

ueiby b.j se ueibyoby7 hjwf &kb-thyb fvf mdt.ybcfyb thsb ]fvblfy cdfv-lyty7 thsb uj,blfy zfvlyty lf vfbyw fhbylj,lyty thsvfytsc wtw[kbcsdbc7 mf-kbcsdbc7 f,het,lfs gbhdtkrfwj,bc;byb lf cehdbkb7 cbn.dt,c7 hjujhwudbhudbyc7 bct bhut,lyty sfdpt tcsdbsvfhmdbf mdtv&hjvt,b7 hjujh 3e[-lt,jlfs4 ,h&tybc vfynbt,b ufpekemt-,ek vfymehst,c7 hjvkt,bw vhelt cfh-rtt,bc cfvtajib fw[jdht,lyty thc7hjvkbc thsflths itwjlt,fc bc ofh-vjflutylf7 hjv mfhsdtkt,fl dbidbsfvmdt.yfl8

fv xtvc nrbdbkc hfc ufbut,cxdtyb vtat

mfhsdtkbsf mfhsdtkbcfitvvecdhtkb8

fv cnhbmjyt,bc lfothf xdtyc ef[-kjtc ofhcekib lbl vjmfkfmtj,hbdufv,tlfj,fc vjbs[jdlf lf ,fhfmfkfvf.dfkf ujyfidbkc7 hjv .dtkf gfhnb-fpt vfqkf gfnhbf lff.tyf8 fhw bv ktm-cbc lfothf uf[klfs vskfl e[bafsj73sj]byt,bc cf[tkvobaj4 hjv /mdbf8

dby ubojlfs sj]byt,bieibcsdfkf vfwbkt,c0se [bcf [fhs7 hjujh fahmdtdscb&ekdbkbc ,fwbkt,c08 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8sj]byt,bc cf[tkvobaj7cf[tkvobaj stfnhb8fv sj]byt,bc cf[tkvobajib .dtkf-

athb b.blt,jlf 2 cekbw7 c[tekbw7 cb.-dfhekbw7 thsuekt,fw7 b.blt,jlfuhji-rfgbrfl7 b.blt,jlf xdtyb cfvij,-kjw7 eakbc rdfhsfl uflfmwtekb cfv-

VFW[JDFHBDBS ]DFHWVEKB MDT.YBC IDBKB

cfmfhsdtkjibfsupbc

&ytkbf7

b.j gjtnblf b.j

mfkb=88

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkb

Page 7: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

7

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

ij,kj lf fhfdby b.j ufyvrbs[fdb8 lfhjwf .dtkfathb b.blt,f7 erkt,kbd.dtkfathb7 bmyt, vfhskf ,jkj ufxt-ht,fc def[kjdlt,bs7 hf udtidtkt,f0hf udtidtkt,f7 hjltcfw vjujybkbuekohatkj,bs7 kbmybsf lf afhbctd-kj,bs mflfut,ty ntkt,bzeyt,b7 hjlt-cfw mdt.fyf uffdcj ntkt-]fhvf7 ntkt-uvbhvf7 ntkt-gjtnvf7 ntkt-gfhkfvty-nvf8 hfqf lfudhxtybf fv lhjc0

vfi7 ufvjhst tu whe .esb7xtvj ,h&tyj thj8trhfyc vbqvf 2 lfhlbfyj7ntkt 2 ,tlybthj=fqfhfdbc f[cjdlf +se 2 f[cjdc`7 vpt

hjv ltlf fhbc xdtyb7 vsdfht rbltd 2 vf-vf7 dfhcrdkfdt,b 2 lt,b lf &vt,b8 f,f7 hfufcfrdbhbf7 se fv lhjc cb.dfhekb7sfdufyobhdf7 hovtyf7 fhw vtnb lf fhwyfrkt,b7 ths regjyfl afcj,c8

zhbkj,f uf[cybkf lf udtkbc fv,jhbfh vidtkbc ofvkfl lf vfkfvjl7eylf c[bdbs umcjdj7 eylf whtvkbs

urtvcjxtvj lfaktsbkj fkfvj8vfhskfw itvpfhfdb gfyjhfvf uflf-

bifkf xdtyb ef[kjtcb ofhcekbcf7 hj-ltcfw mdt.fyf bmwtjlf lf vfdfyyb7 [tkb-ceakt,fib cfcofekt,hbdfl vj[dtlhb-kb iflbvfyt,b7 .ehc udb[tlyblyty bvbs7hjv sehvt cfmfhsdtkjc bcnjhbf vf-sb vjcdkbc itvltu lfbo.j8 fvfpt lb-lb wbybpvb lf yb/bkbpvb ofhvjelut-ytkbf lf bv vhevt lblb qfvbc itv[tl-dfhtc7 vf.dfkf ujyfidbkc cofvlf7 hjvse hfv b[cyblf vbc cfvij,kjc7 vbcbatcdt,b b[cyblf7 vbofib v.fhfl xfrbhe-kb atcdt,b7 gffnf cffrf&bc vjzhbkb sf-db7 mtstdfy ltljakbc lfifysekb vrth-lb lf ecf[tkj eakbcwb[tkbc yfbchf-kb pehub888

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkb vfw[jdfhbdbs]dfhwvekb mdt.ybc idbkbf lf fv mdt.ybcidbkj,f ,tdh]th lffabmht,c bvfpt7hjv fvfjt,f fvfjsf lf .jdtkbdt fvfjfhc7 lffabmht,c bvfptw7 hjv w[jdht-,f &kbth xfvj/ufdc pqfgfhc lf zbyrf-zjhbdbs lf&hobc cjakfl8

vt ufvjdtmtw ityc pqfght,c7 gfgb7upfl itdtxt[t ]fljmht,c7 ltdt,c7hfl fh vf[cjdlf7 qvthssfy

vjhrbyfkcpqfgfhibw c]bfy7 pqfghflfw cltdty8gjtnb vbe.dt,f upfodhbkc7 hjvtk-

cfw fhw lfcfo.bcb fmdc lf fhw lfcfc-hekb7 vbe.dt,f oesbdbs vjrkt vfhf-lbcj,bc lfqkbkb7 sdfkt,ib ,bylxf-ue,t,ekb vupfdhb7 hjvtkcfw bc tbvt-lt,f7 hjv7 se fqtchekt,f lf wbc cb-yfhyfhtc ittho.vt,f7 ittho.vt,f cbvqt-hbs lf tctw vbcb ,tlb bmyt,f8 nrbdbkbc-ufy7 lfhlbcufy7 dft,bcufy cekit&hekbufestyt,tk qfvtt,c a[jzybc cfyskbc-athb vrhsfkb sbst,bs7 hflufyfw [t-lfdc7 hjv ;fvb bctd thsb cfwhbs whbcrtsbkc se ,jhjnc7 vn.efyc se vfh-sfkc7 hjwf qbvbkb hjv qbvbkbf7 bcbwrb vfdfysf cf[tpt itvpfhfd kjrjrbyfckjhojdfy ,bkbrc fujyt,c8

ths[tk vjdcekdfhs fv mdt.fyfpt7qvthsvf udb,j&f upf7 thsb wblf7ofvb fh udhxt,f cb.dfhekbcsdbc7cb&ekdbkbcsdbc0 hfvltybw ubylfs8oe[c bvfpt7 hjv [ibhfl ae&bc fyut-

kjpbdbs xfvjmybk cbkfvfptcf lf vidt-ybtht,fc dth fvxytdty lf c[dfsf ufhtu-yek ajbthdthrt,c tsf.dfyt,bfy8 fhf-lf7 ajbthdthrc thsb welb sdbct,f uf-fxybf 2 v.bcbthfl bathakt,f lf mht-,f8 bwbc7 hjv &ytkbf vjujybkb ,tlyb-tht,bs w[jdht,f7 hjwf dyt,f hjv dyt-,ff7 pju]th lfafhekpt lfafhekb7bvfcfw cek c[df mfht,c epbfht,ty7 hj-wf fkdbc [tt,fl ,fk,fc lf mjylfhc fcf-qt,ty7 wbwbyfstkt,c rb 2 vptl8

c[df hf vflfhlt,c0 2 stshb vthw[fkbxtvc fbdfypt fqfhf ,elj,clf xevb ctdlf bct .dfdbkj,c7dbs ufpfa[ekpt zjhb lf cehlj8v[fhpt /.fdc itcvekb aezb jwyt,bc

lf nrbdbkt,bc dt;fyf &thf7 uflf[cybkbfmdc .dtkf bfhf lf eafkc itcs[jdc7 gf-nbt,bc vjvvflkt ybzb7 nrbdbkt,b trkt-,fl itvfc[bj8 rbltd bc eylf7 dbyvtv vezfufpfa[ekb ecf[cjdhjc lf lft[vfhjc7hjv hjujhvt cbn.dbs eofvkjy fvfj-t,bc ,fpfhc8

hjwf lfhtrfdc ;fvb ufyrbs[dbc7wf cfvfbcj idbl]th btkdt,c7hbsb itdfdct,s7 dbwjlt7 vfbyw7

fv ufcfjwfh cbwfhbtktc8thsb hfv lfyfvldbkt,bs bwbc 2

,tlc fh eylf vbtylj7 sjhtv yfajnb-dbs fufsfvfit,c oesbcjakbc vjhtd-ib lf ,jkjc vjecfdktsib ufuhb.fdclf ufubyfgbht,c888

&dbhafcj vrbs[dtkj= cfrvfjl ,td-hb dbcfe,hts vf.dfkf ujyfidbkbc gj-tpbfpt7 vbc vjmfkfmtj,hbd vhofvccf lfgjpbwbfpt8 thsb rb fh eylf lfudfdbo.-ltc7 hjv7 bc egbhdtktc .jdkbcf7 mfk-,fnjybf7 cb.dfhekbcsdbc lf ,tlybtht-,bcsdbc lf,flt,ekb mfk,fnjyb7 hjv-kbc gjtpbfcfw cb.dfhekbc ufywlf cekc[df gtocf lf tkdfht,fc vfnt,c888

gjtnbc kbhbrek uvbhc ite&kbf vj-sb,ekb ,fkf[bdbs v[fhufikbs ufodtcvbyljhpt lf sfdcfbfsb lfvidtyt,ekblftkjljc stsh ,tlfehpt fv[tlht-,ek uekbc cojhc8 w[jdhj,c bct7 hj-ujhw w[jdhj,ty vtjwyt,t mfkt,b7 vfc-gby&kj,c lfqkbk mfht,c lf odbvt,c lftdfc utibs lft&t,c vfhflbek yf[tdfhc7rfhufl bwbc7 hjv rfwb se nrbdbkt,bsafclt,f7 mfkc kjlbybc ybzb ufvjfh-xtdc8

rjirb dfh7 stshb rbhbs yfut,blf ptwfc odlt,f xtvb abmht,b8fv abmht,ib rb cbpvhbc rfwbcsdbc

ikbc vsdfhbc kjubyc7 ybckt,fl xfvjq-dhfc fgbht,c cf.dfhtkb fhct,bcsdbc8

lf xtvb nhaj,fw7 fh ufubrdbhlts7vtw[dfht ,bzbclfue,t,ek vjyfnht,fc /ufdc7hjwf ,fkf[cfw fmdc mfkbc cbk,j7hjwf o.fhjcfw fmdc mfkbc cbnr,j7hjwf [tt,cfw fmdc mfkbc ajhvf888ufyf hbcb ufqt,f ite&kbf vc[dthg-

kfl cfnhajcsdbc0 ite&kbf7 cb.dfhe-kbc mfsb,b vjemcjdjc7 abambdbs lf-frdltc [tkbcuekpt lf rbltd bc7 hjvvjmfsmfst qhe,kbc asbkblfy thsue-kt,bc &fab lffhsjc8 bc rb budbfyt,c7cftzdjl budbfyt,c lf uekit&hek mfkcbcqf lfhxtybf7 lfbxehxekjc5

vt eylf dpblj ityb whtvkt,b7vt vjqfkfntl hjlb dij,bkdfh7f/f7 vjdtlb ityc lfcf[cytkflityb cbpvhblfy lf ,fdidj,blfy8hjwf .dtkfathb sbsmjc xfdkbkbf7

hjwf sbsmjc .dtkfathb lfvw[hfkbf7hjwf .dtkfathb e,bojl vjxfyc cbvfh-njdbc lf qvthsbc xthjlfy7 hjwf lf-dbo.t,bc kfabs fvjmjkbkbf vjujyt-,bc .dtkf xthj7 vfbyw sfdc ufvj.jacofhcekb lf cbpbatc kjlt,bdbs lfv-&bvt,ek cbn.dfc fsmvtdbyt,c5

dbwb7 xtvc .jafc /mdbf w[jdht,f7dbwb7 fv rtlkt,c j]f[b /mdbf7bm rb7 cfjwfh ityc cfeakjibcek c[dfyfbhb mfht,b mhbfy8tc mfht,bf7 sfdc hjv fh fyt,t,c lf

uekc erfohfdc7 bwbc7 hjvmt,f mfhbf7 fkthcbw mfhb888bct xfbdkbc7 hjv yfrdfktdcfhw rb lfnjdt,c7vfuhfv hf de.jfv nrbdbkbc obstk .dfdbkt,c0fv nrbdbkt,bs uf]tht,ekb qfvtt,b

bwhbwt,bfy lf hb;hf;bcfc yfnfy]b ce-kb wlbkj,c7 ev&hf[ vlbyfhtc uffnfyjccbpvhfl yfyf[b sfdlfdbo.t,f7 sevwf

lfdzrdbfylb7 fqfh dt,h&db mfht,c7hf [fybf7 cbpvhbc fqfh v]thf=dth ufdbut7 vfbyw hfl vudhbc ctdlfcofhcekbcrty uflf[hbkb vpthf8dth ufdbutj7 fw[flt,c lf bc rb fdbo.-

lt,f7 hjv cabymcbc ufvjwfyfl mwtekbtc rbs[df lqtvlt gfce[ufewtvtkb hxt,f.dtkfcsdbc888

[jv ueiby b.j7 ueiby b.j bcufpfa[ekb

lf vfbyw hjujh7 jb7 hjujhvjvyfnht,bf8

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkbc kbhbrekb gj-tpbf7 vpbs7 mfhbi[kt,bsf lf ybfqdht-,bs cfdct gjtpbf vtnfl cfgfnbj flubkcbrfdt,c sfyfvtlhjdt mfhsek cfnhab-fkj kbhbrfib sfdbcb mfkehb rltvf-vjcbkt,bs7 fhnf[t,ib ufvjvo.dltekbdyt,t,bsf lf odbvbc smjht,bs7 flfvb-fyehb cbvfhskbs lf ufvj[fndbc e,hf-kjt,bs888

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkvf rfhufl bwbc7hjv gjtnb se [fh7 cekb vfxbnt,bs ey-lf umjyltc cfdct7 cfphljl rb bbc ceh-ytkb u.jaybltc7 bv f.dfdt,ek fnvbc [tceylf /ufdlt7 hjvtkcfw velfv fvndhtdtyhnjt,c7 bv [tc7 hjvkbc xhlbkibw yt-nfht,bs vjbcdtyt,c lfqkbkb vupfdhb

lf vthvt erfyvje[tlfdfl ufe.dt,f upfc7bwbc7 cfl bo.t,f lf cfl vsfdhlt,f vb-cb cfdfkb7 ktmct,bsf fmdc lfzjhakb-kb cf[t7 cekb rb vpbsf lf ktmct,bs vj-eztlfdc7 mfhsekb cbn.dbc [jlf,eyt,-ib e.dfhc [tnbfkb8

dfh ctdlbs cfdct7 hjujhw qhe,tkblf sdbs fh dbwb7 hjlbc dbodbvt,7daehwkfd ktmcbrjyc7 drby&fd &dtk

cbn.dt,c7uflfdbo.t,ekc7 hjujhw cbovbyltc8fv cbovbyltt,sfy pbfht,f7 mfhsek

cbn.dfcsfy ufesfdt,tkb zblbkb gjt-nbc fhct,j,bc ufvfhskt,fc ofhvjfl-utyc lf hjujh itb&kt,f7 fh lfde]t-hjs7 hjwf fct cf,hfkj,kfl fw[flt,c5

sevw idbkbdbs dpfhlt cbn.df7ltlfcfdbs lfvb,thlf8gjtnbf lf eylf dtyljs7 hjwf sfdbc-

sfdc ,ek,ekc rb fhf7 mdt.ybc ,tlpt]fzdbs vb,vek &fqkc flfht,c7 eths-uektc fhct,fc ltlfvbobc uekpt7 gj-tnbf lf eylf dtyljs7 hjwf [vfvfqkffw[flt,c7 hfw fv vbofpt trfkb fvjce-kf7 .dtkf vfsufyb xtvc uekc fn.dbfj8fhw bvfpt oeoeyt,c7 xtvb obkb vpbc c[b-db7 xtvb obkb lb,f-fnkfcb c[dfc hfnjvthujj7 vfibyfw eylf dtyljs7 hjltcfwuekblfy fqvj[lt,f lblpt lblb zti-vfhbnt,f7 fc]th vfbyw eylf ofbmwt7 hjvvtht ths[tk vfbyw ptwfl fvfqkltj8fvbcsdbc bqdobc tc vidtybthb gjtnb lf[ibhflfw fqotdc vbpfyc8

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkbc ktmcb e,fnj-yj mdt.ybc 2 mbpb.bc vflkbs lf vbhj-ybsff ufgj[btht,ekb7 bmfehb [jhif-rbfyb vpbc v[ehdfkt,f fvxytdbf vbc gj-tpbfc7 ibhfmbc dtkbc ecfchekj,f fcfp-hljt,c vbc yffphtdc lf bcbw cb.dfhe-kbs gfce[j,c vij,kbehb res[bc cf-yf[t,c7 hjvkbc ths vflkbfy ,tkncfwsfdfl ofhvjflutyc8 vbobc idbkbf lf vb-obc stvf bct &fkevfl7 bct eiefkjl lf&fklfenfyt,kfl itvjlbc vbc gjtpb-fib7 hjv pju]th dthw rb ufbfpht, vbccblbfltc8

]th fvb[bktc sdfkt,b7 vthtvbobc [jhrkbfy vrthlpt ufvbidtc7lf vbof7 hjujhw lfqkbkb rfwb7xtvufy bs[jdlf idtkfc lf fkthcc8lbf[fw hjv idtkf lf fkthcb czbh-

lt,f vbofc 2 xdtyc vfhxtyfkc7 hjvtk-ptw vb]fzdekyb dfhs xdtyb ofhcekbs7fov.jsb lf vjvfdkbs lf dthfahbs xf-deult,s [tkib cf]b]uyfl uflfvsb-tks8 xdtyb mdt.ybc jrhj,jrhj upt,bcekc udbdct,ty yfstkbs7 se vij,kb-eh vbofvlt vbd.fdfhs7 fqsmvek vbofv-lt8 yf[ts7 hf yfnbab7 hf evidtybthtcbcnhbmjyt,b e&qdyf gjtnvf vbofc7 hj-vtkbw smdtyb yt,fhsdbs vskbfyfl vjv-.fdc5

dbs vidtybthb gfnfh&kbc rf,f7vptv vjbchjkf zhtkb vthlbyblf bodf vbof7 cehdbkbs cfdct7vrdhbdb rthnt,bs vbvjstysbkb7,fkf[bc svt,ib b,ytdlf bt,c7uflf[cybkb.j wbc keh]b rfhb7c[dfudfhb wtw[kbs bodjlf vbof7 2vfhflbekb dyt,f lf mfkb8f[kf dthw db[ctyt,7 fctsb dyt,bs lf

ufnfwt,bs dbyvtc jlf vbt&qdyfc xdtybvfhxtyfkb vbobcfsdbc8

vf.dfkf ujyfidbkc c[dfsf cbrtsbcflf cfsyjt,bc lfyf[df ite&kbf7 vfsb yb-zbtht,bc lfyf[df8 tc rb v[jkjl hxtek-sf [dtlhbf7 dbcfw iehb lf ,jqvf fh foe-[t,c c[dfsf cbrtstsf ufvj8 vfhskfw7 hf,tlybtht,ff7 hjwf itub&kbf fctsb,ho.bydfkt cnhbmjyt,bc lfothf5

ufhlfwdfkt,f rfwsf [dtlhbf7erdlfdsfy cbrdlbkc fhf fmdc [tkb8ity itehslb ptwbeh obfqclf bctd eakbc cf[tkbs vqthb8tc wbnfnf bv ktmcblfyff7 cfmfhsdt-

kjc vfaifkbfc 2 /fvktn ujyfidbkchjv t&qdyt,f8

,tlybtht,ff7 hjwf [tlfd7 hjujhbqt,c vrthlblfy uekc gjtnb lf wfptvptl /rblt,c8

kjvbc &tj7 kjvbc &vfj7kjvj7 kjvfl ,thlt,b7v[ht,ib hjlb b[ht,bfyitdthw[kbkb mtlt,b8hjujh e[lt,f tc cnhbmjyt,b f[kf

erdt vfhflbek yfstkib v.ja ]fyceqxfhrdbfyc888

xtvb vjrh&fkt,ekb fphbs7 vf.dfkfujyfidbkb thsyfbhb &fkvjcbkt,bsbvjhxbkt,c hjujhw cfvjmfkfmj7 bct

cfnhabfkj kbhbrbc cflfdtt,c7 udf[t-lt,c flfvbfybc cekbc xf,ytkt,ek [td-[edt,ib7 lfudfabmht,c flfvbfyehb .j-abc evnrbdytektc ghj,ktvt,pt lf rb-ltd c[df efvhfd hfvtpt7 hfcfw xdtybw[jdht,f /mdbf7 w[jdht,f cek wjnf cf-vb fsfcb okbc bcnjhbbc vmjyt thbcf7hjvtkvfw cfresfhb cbc[kbs lfothfcfresfhbdt vfnbfyt lf lqtdfylkfvltvjfnfyf8 dabmhj,7 lqtdfyltk ufvjodt-dt,cfw ufe&kt,c7 ufe&kt,c whevtcbf-sf gfhgfic qdsbcvij,kbc obk[dljvbkvbofpt7 hfsf cfereytt,bc vbqvfw fvf.flbahbfkjy mfhsekvf ,fbhfqt,vf afh-yfdfpbcf lf lfdbs fqvfityt,kbc cekbccfj[fl8 .jdtkbdt fvfpt vjudbs[hj,cvf.dfkf ujyfidbkb sfdbcb ktmcbs7 sf-dbcb gjtpbbs7 ,todbc [blpt e[lt,f cb-fhekb fv lhjc7 hjv cfsmvtkbc cbv&fa-ht lf ufvj[fndbc cfiefkt,t,b cbyth-ubbc cflfh /fhvjybfib b.jc thsvfyts-sfy8 vt hjv vrbs[js7 fv ,todbc [blc gj-tnb vbybvfkehb lfyfrfhut,bs uflbc7eahj vtnbw7 bct uflbc7 thsb ,todbw fhedfhlt,f svblfy8 hfc duekbc[vj, lfbvfc7 hjv mfk,fnjyb vf.dfkf gjtnbf lfchekfl fmdc ufcbuh&tufyt,ekb7 hjvcfsmvtkb7 hfjlty v&fahb lf vybidyt-kjdfyb fh eylf b.jc7 se gjtneh cf-afytkib fh uft[df7 se gjtneh mehf-ib uekbc cbc[kbs fh ufvjbohsj7 it-ltub cfdfkfkj lf uekbcvjvrdktkbbmyt,f8 gjtnb se [fh7 bvbc uffpht,fweylf itut&kjc7 hjv 3,jkjc cbrdlb-kbw vjrdlt,f cbwjw[kbc ufhlfwdfkt-,bs47 hjv 5

lf hjujhw pfyu mfkc cf.eht thsbathfl .dbstkb lf cfcofekb7hnjpt trblf ajsjkb vzryfhb7dbs cbvfhnjdbc lqtcfcofekb8cekbcitv&dhtkb itlfht,ff888 vzryf-

hb ajsjkb cbvfhnjdbc lqtcfcofekcfujyt,c gjtnc7 bv cbvfhnjdtc7 hjvtkbw.dtkf ztivfhbnb itvjmvtlbc vfhflbe-kb sfyfvltdbf lf hjvkbc ufhtit dthitbmvyt,jlf bc itltdht,b7 hjvkt,bwxdtyc fhct,j,fc idt,fc /udhbc lf cb-wjw[kbc o.ehdbkc e[fyuh&kbdt,c888

gjtnbf lf bvbc lfyf[dfw ite&kbf7hjujh ;jyfdc uev,fst,blfy vpbc vfl-kb8

fb7 rbltd thsb vbyb-itltdhb5dbs vidtybthb gfnfh&kbc rf,f7vptv vjbchjkf zhtkb vthlbyb7lf bodf vbof cehdbkbs cfdct7vrdhbdb rthnt,bs vbvjstysbkb8fv ;hefyntkbcvjvudhtkb cnhbmj-

yt,bc vtht erdt fqfh udbrdbhc7 hjwf gj-tnbc ,fut uflfsb,ekb vbyldhbc ceh-ytkc fahmdtdc7 hjltcfw cfhrtc bct xfcw-mthbc7 hjujhw udfkdbcufy lfvihfkvlbyfhtc7 hjwf bvbc lfyf[df ite&kbf7wtw[kbcath dfhlt,c hf ecohfatcflvjb.hbc nfypt itvukbcatht,ekb ptwf7.f.fxjcfdbs hjujh n.lt,f iemb8

wf rf,fcfdbs lfvbdbohjdlf7dlutdfh ve[kfvlt qhe,kbc ue,tib7odbvbc rb,tsb xfvjlbc wblfycbuhbkt 2 vbobc xevb yeutib8fb7 fctsb gjtnbf vf.dfkf ujyfidbkb7

hjvtkcfw ite&kbf smdfc7 hjv yfnth-afkpt xtvb whtvkt,b fvjlbjlyty vpbc-ath bt,flj lf lfudf]thjc fvfib8

hfw xtvsdbc .dtkfpt vsfdfhbf7 gj-tnb cfjwfhb cbyfhyfhbsf lf cbxfembsbvjhxbkt,c mfhsek cbn.dfc lf vfcfhfyfbh gjtneh fmctcefht,pt fhwdkbc7 fh frybyt,c8 lbf[fw7 hjv sfdfy-rfhf mfhsekbc7 evidtybthtcb gjtpbbcgfnhjybf vf.dfkf ujyfidbkb lf hjwfbub lftzdt,bs udtrbs[t,f5

hjujh uujybfs7 dbgjdyb xtvc sfdc0vtotdf ,tlb0 hjujh uujybfs0=gfnbjcyfl eylf degfce[j5mfk,fnjyj vf.dfkf=,tlbc itotdybcf hf vjuf[ctyj7 hj-

lbc b.j ,tlb yfvldbk7 xfrbhek itvjm-vtlt,c totjlf7 fb7 hfw itt[t,f cfresfhbsfdbc gjdyfc7 lfeabmht,kfl utn.db 2ityb sfdb lblb [fybf7 hfw yfgjdybufmdc7ityb flubkb7 ityb ybif mfhsekvothkj,fib7 lblb [f-ybf7 yfgjdyb ufmdc7 ea-hj vtnbw7 sfyfvtlhj-dt mfhsekb gjtpbf of-hvjelutytkbf itybvpbcathb7 vpbclfhbitvjmvtlt,bc ufhtit8

qvthsvf lfukjwjc=

PFFK ,JNRJDTKB

RDBHF’FKC CFRBS[FDB

Page 8: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

8

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

ZRDBFYB VCJAKBJ7 3ITIKBKB4 HECTSB888DBYW vtpj,tkb hectsbc cfntkt-

dbpbj uflfwtvt,c7 ufycfresht,bssjm-ijet,c e.eht,c7 evfk itybiyfdccf.ehflqt,j afmnc 2 bjct, cnfkb-ybc vjzfh,t,ek [ctyt,fc7 sfyfw lflt-,bs rjyntmcnib8 hfc ybiyfdc .jdtkb-dt tc lf ybiyfdc se fhf cnfkbybc htf-,bkbnfwbfc0

rbs[df fhw itvs[dtdbsbf lf fhweflubkj888 hjltcfw hecekb cf[tk-vobaj ntktfh[t,b fhf vfhnj sjm-ijet,ib f[ctyt,ty cnfkbyc7 fhfvtldhwtk cbe;tnt,cfw e&qdybfy vfc7 sf-yfw gjpbnbehfl7 yfvldbkfl c[dfudf-hfl fhbc cfmvt8cnfkbybc cf[tkbc [ctyt,f hecek

ntktfh[t,pt fy ntktabkvt,bc xdtyt-,f bidbfsj,f fh fhbc7 vfuhfv bc7 hfwlqtc [lt,f 2 bidbfsj,ff8 bidbfsj-,ff7 hjltcfw ctyfnjhb lf gjkbnj-kjub geirjdb sfdbc thscffsbfy uf-lfwtvfib ntktrjvgfybf 3TV wtynhpt4dhwtk7 lflt,bs cbe;tnc e&qdybccnfkbyc9 gjgekfhekb lf ufdktyb-fyb ntkt;ehyfkbcnb cjkjdbjdb sf-dbc sjm-ijeib cbcntvfnehfl vjb[-ctybt,c cnfkbyc lflt,bs rjyntmcnib93hnh gkfytnfc4 uflfwtvf 3^_ oesbc4ofv.dfyt,b crf,ttdf lf gjgjdb cnf-kbyc [ibhfl f[ctyt,ty7 hjltcfw mdt.-ybc bcnjhbfpt fvf[dbkt,ty .ehflqt-,fc 2 hfqfwfibf cfmvt lf tc 3hfqfwf4ptvjlfy ofvjcek vjojlt,fc /ufdc8

c[dfc dthfathc bn.db7 hjltcfw.dtkf fh[b7 .dtkf sjm-ije7 .dtkfwyj,bkb ntkt;ehyfkbcnb lf gjkb-nfyfkbnbrjcb thslhjekfl bo.t,clflt,bs qfqflc cnfkbypt8 w[flbf7tc 3hfqfw4 afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,bc*%-t okbcsfdc erfdibhlt,f7 vfuhfverdt hf[fybf ]th cf,zjsf rfdibhb7itvltu hectsb ) vfbcc7 afibpvpt uf-vfh]dt,fc ptbvj,c ecnfkbyjl7 fyevbcb cf[tkbc [ctyt,bc ufhtit7 sbsmjcvtjht vcjakbj jvib ufvfh]dt,f vfh-nj cf,zjsf [fk[bc lfvcf[eht,ff7 fu-htsdt cf,zjsf utythkt,bcf lf vfh-ifkt,bc lf fhf cnfkbybc8

lbf[= [fk[vf itcobhf sfdb cfresf-hb mdt.ybc sfdbceakt,fc7 vfuhfv dthwthsb mdt.ybc [fk[b [tkv&qdfytkbc7obyfv&qjkbc ufhtit dth vbfqotdlflf vbfqotdc vnthpt ufvfh]dt,fc lfdthw vidblj,bfy fqvityt,kj,fib 2ofhvfnt,fc8 fct b.j lf bmyt,f lf hfwfh eylf db&f[js 2 3[fk[b47 fhfathbufvjdf8 [fk[b lf vbcb kblthb7 hfvt-se ekblthjl [fk[b dthfathc uf[-lt,f8

bmyt, cf.jdtksfj ufvjrbs[dbc it-ltuvf fb&ekf [tkbceakt,f cnfkb-yb lflt,bs rjyntmcnib t[ctyt,byf= it-cf&kjf7 fctw fhbc7 vfuhfv ufvjrbs[-dt,b [jv okbc ufyvfdkj,fib vhfdfk-]th nfhlt,f 2 fctsb htfmwbf hjv fhufvjeodtdbf0 vfbyw hjvtk ufvjrbs[-dfptf cfe,fhb7 3ktdflf-wtynhvf4 hjvufcek sdtc xffnfhf0

lbf[= cojhtl vfcpt8 cjwbjkjub-ehb ufvjrbs[dbc itltub .dtkfcsdbcsfd,helfv[dtdb ufvjluf5 hectsbcvjmfkfmtsf *_~ lflt,bsfl vbbxytdccnfkbybc hjkc mdt.ybc w[jdht,fib7[jkj !)~ 2 efh.jabsfl8 cnfkbybcvjqdfotj,bs fqnfwt,ekbf ufvj-rbs[eksf %!~7 fye .jdtkb vtjht8

bct7 hjujh eylf tvfhsf hectsbt8o8 ltvjrhfnt,cf lf kb,thfkt,c7hjv cnfkbybc cf[tkb7 vbe[tlfdfl vfc-pt lfc[vekb kfabcf lf cbwhebcf 2rdkfd mwtekb.j ofhvjelutykfl gj-gekfhekb0

f[cyf fvbcf fhw bct bjkbf8 pjubhecb gjkbnjkjub lf tmcgthnbsdkbc7 hjv cnfkbybc gjgekfhj,bcphlfib sdbs [tkbceakt,fc itfmdcodkbkb7 pjubw vbbxytdc7 hjv cnfkb-ybc fqptdt,f genbybc cfobyffqvltujl[lt,f8 pjub7 cfresfhb lfrdbhdt,blfyufvjvlbyfht abmhj,c7 hjv ,tkflbccf[tkbc lflt,bsfl [ctyt,f lfrfdib-ht,ekbf mdt.ybc cfibyfj lf cfufhtjufvjodtdt,sfy8

fcts lhjc [ibhfl ufbcvbc vjcfp-ht,f 2 cnfkbyb hjv .jabkb.j7 mdt-.fyfib otchbub bmyt,jlf7 [jkj lf-cfdktsb dth ufe,tlfdlf hectsc bvfc7hfcfw lqtc e,tlfdc8

vbe[tlfdfl bvbcf7 hjv genbybc [t-

kbceakt,f ufwbkt,bs ofhvfnt,e-kfl fhsvtdc sfdc mdt.ybc obyfit fh-ct,ek ev&bvtc ufvjodtdt,c7 dblht ob-yfvjh,tlb [tkbceakt,t,b7 itlfht,ffh fhbc cnfkbybc vvfhsdtkj,bc gt-hbjlsfy 2 fct vbbxytdty tmcgthnt,blf vj/.fds 3]fkfsb4 cnfkbybc ;fvcvjcf[ktj,bc hfjltyj,bc hfvltybvtvbkbjybs phlbc7 w[jdht,bc ufev]j-,tct,tkb [fhbc[bc lf [fyuh&kbdj,bcvfufkbst,b8

sfyfvtlhjdt hectsb hf[fybft,h&dbc ufefhtct,ek ltvjuhfabfc7sevwf jlyfdb ofhvfnt,bs8 f[fkufp-hlt,bc $_~ jwyt,j,c ew[jtsibcfw[jdht,kfl ofcdkfpt7 vfiby7 hj-ltcfw 3nbhfybc4 lhjc ufyfskt,bc lfcfvtlbwbyj vjvcf[eht,bc vbqt,f eaf-cj b.j7 lqtc cf[tkvobajc .dtkf cj-wbfkehb dfklt,ekt,f itvwbht,e-kbf8

tmcgthnt,b b[ctyt,ty cnfkbybcghjtmnc $-cffsbfyb cfveifj lqbc lf-otct,bc sfj,fpt lf [evhj,bs evfnt-,ty 2 fk,fs7 bvbnjv7 hjv ,tdhb sf-dbceafkb lhj lfhxtyjlf 3]fkfs4cnfkbyc [fk[bc cfofvt,kflj8

b[ctyt,ty bvfcfw7 se hjujh vwbh-

lt,jlf rdt,bc ghjlemnt,pt afct,b7[jkj [fhbc[b hfjlty ev]j,tcb b.jlqtdfyltksfy itlfht,bs8

cnfkbybc lhjc !_ okbc ufyvfdkj-,fib ufy[jhwbtklf mdt.ybc bylec-nhbfkbpfwbf7 hfvfw epheydtk.j?bnkthpt ufvfh]dt,f8 tmcgthnt,cvj?.fds bynthytnib ufvjmdt.yt,ekb$____ cfofhvjc xfvjyfsdfkb7 hjv-kt,vfw hf[fybf ito.dbntc fhct,j,f7sevwf vj/.fds genbybc lhjc fityt-,ekb mfh[yt,bc yec[fw7 hjvtkbw uf-wbkt,bs vjrktf lf &bhbsflfl it-vjbafhukt,f yfdsj,-mbvbbsf lf vt-nfkehubbs8

cnfkbybc gbhofdfhlybkvf vnht,-vfw rb dth lffcf[tktc seylfw thsbjkbufhmb7 hjvtkbw cf[tkvobaj itr-dtst,pt ufvbkbjythlf9 fylf cnfkb-ybc fyufhbit,b ew[jeh ,fyrt,ib7 db-kt,b ew[jtsib7 aeaeyt,bc cfuyt,b7fsfcj,bs ljkfhbc qbht,ekt,bc cf-fst,b lf f8i8 bc7 hfw cnfkbybc ufh-lfwdfkt,bc itvltu lfhxf7 sdbsqb-ht,ekt,bs thsj, vjrh&fkt,ekbf8

tmcgthnt,b fw[flt,ty7 hjv cnf-kbyvf itmvyf ptcf[tkvobaj7 hjvtk-vfw lffvfhw[f afibpvb7 gbhdtkvf fbs-

dbcf rjcvjcb7 xfvjf.fkb,f ofhvfnt-,ekb cfufyvfyfskt,kj cbcntvf8

crtgnbrjct,b fw[flt,ty7 .jdtkb-dt tc vj[lf lblb vc[dthgkbc afcfl8b[ctyt,ty htghtcbt,c lf f8i85 3sfyfvtl-hjdt ufut,fib cnfkbybc htghtcbt,bfhbc fynbcf,zjsf ghjgfufylbc ghj-lemnb8 htfkehfl tc cekfw fh b.jbct7 hjujhw udb[fnfdty abkvt,ib7ljrevtyneh uflfwtvt,ib8

htghtcbt,b wfhbtk flubkfc fhvjv[lfhf8 mdt.fyf vtcfvt htb[bc obyf-fqvltu jvbcsdbc tvpflt,jlf7 htght-cbt,b fhw bctsb vfcinf,ehb b.j8vnrbwt,f bvbcf7 hjv mdt.ybc yf[tdfhbwb[tib b]lf7 [jkj yf[tdfhb .fhfe-kj,lf 2 cbwhetf7 hbc itcf[t,fw fhf-ths[tk dsmdbs ljrevtynt,bc vjidt-kbt,bs8 htghtcbt,b b.j lf elfyfif-ekj flfvbfyt,cfw itt[j8 mdt.ybc ev-hfdktcj,fv dthw buh&yj htghtcbt-,b7 dbyfblfy c[df cfmvtt,bs b.j lfrf-dt,ekb47 2 fct othc bynthytnib cth-utb vfh;twrb8

.ehflcfqt,b b.j 3RTR hjcbfc4cfrdbhfj itvf]fvt,tkb uflfwtvf7 hj-vtkcfw wyj,bkb ;ehyfkbcnb lbvbn-hb rbctkbjdb e&qdt,f8 vfy dhwtkb cb-e;tnb vbe&qdyf cnfkbyc lf fqybi-yf7 hjv tgjmf7 hjvtkibw cnfkbyc vj-e[lf vjqdfotj,f7 fqcfdct b.j htght-cbt,bs7 cbvrfwhbs7 jvt,bs7 cbc[kb-fyb lfgbhbcgbht,bs8 ufb[ctyf xbytsbcvfufkbsbw 2 vfj &tleybsf lf rek-nehekb htdjkewbbs8

[fpufcvbs bkfgfhfrf vfjc vbth uf-rtst,ek cfmvtt,ptw lf reknehekbhtdjkewbbc cbcfcnbrtpt8 smdf bcbw7hjv reknehekb htdjkewbbc 3cbrt-stt,bc4 cfresfh sfdpt ufvjwlbkvfmdt.ybc kblthvf lty cbfjgbyvf7 hj-vtkcfw chekb eakt,f /mjylf ]fkf-sfl ufvjtw[flt,byf vfj &tleyb7 c[dfuflfo.dtnbkt,f vbbqj 2 itcfn.dbcbmdt.ybcsdbc8 3vfj &tleyb b.j f[fkb xb-ytsbc itvmvytkb8 vfy ,tdhb hfv uffrt-sf xbytsbcsdbc8 uffrtsf welbw7 vfuhfvse itdflfht,s rfhuc lf welc7 fcts ht-fkj,fc vbdbqt,s 2 rfhub *_~7 welb 2#_~47 2 smdf vfy8

bv lqblfy ito.lf vfjc ubyt,f8 bclblb bcnjhbbc yfobkb uf[lf7 hjvtk-cfw gfnbdc cwtvty8 gtrbybc vsfdfh vj-tlfypt nbfyfyvtypt vfjc lblb gjh-nhtnbf7 bct7 hjujhw aekbc thstekbefypt8 fctsbf ,h&tyb [fk[bc uflfo.-dtnbkt,f7 hjvkbc ufpbfht,f hects-cfw fh fo.tylf8

rbctkbjdvf7 hjvtkvfw xbytsbc vf-ufkbsb vjb.dfyf 2 ufycfresht,bs [f-pb ufecdf wbaht,c 2 *_/#_-pt7 bmdtcnfkbyptw smdf5 vfj &tleybc vfuf-kbspt se ufydc]bs7 cnfkbysfy it-afhlt,f fctsb bmyt,f5 (_ lflt,bsb7@_ efh.jabsb8

vj[lt,f bjct,cnfkbybc htf,b-kbnfwb f0 hj-ujhw xfyc7 fv rbs[-dfc vfkt uftwtvfgfce[b=

/FVKTNZBGFIDBKB7

gjkbnjkjub8

HECT,B 3}FKFSB4

CNFKBYBCHTF,BKBNFWBFCFGBHT,TY=

@_!) OKBC fghbkib cfmfhsdtkjib ^$*7**_ cfthsf-ijhbcj vjupfehsf dbpbnb itluf7 phlf +$8^~8 nehbc-nekb dbpbnt,bc hfjltyj,fv #$(7%!) itflubyf7 hfw!$7_!(-bs vtnbf @_!( okbc fghbkbc vfxdtyt,tkpt +phlf+$8@~‘

byajhvfwbf trjyjvbrbcf lfvluhflb ufydbsfht,bc cfvbybcn-hjc nehbpvbc thjdyek flvbybc-nhfwbfc ibyfufy cfmvtsf cfvbybc-nhjv vbfojlf8

gjpbnbehb ntyltywbf yfhxey-lt,f tdhjrfdibhbc mdt.yt,bc vb-vfhsekt,blfy7 cfblfyfw cfmfh-sdtkjib cfthsfijhbcj dbpbnj-ht,bc dbpbnt,bc phlbc res[bsfghbkib ufvjbhxtjlyty5

fdcnhbf +%_8(~7 bnfkbf +$%8^~7tcgfytsb +$# 8(~7 cfahfyutsb+$#8*~7 uthvfybf +$#8%~7 xt[tsb

+#(8@~lf c[df8 ufycfresht,ekb phlf lfabmcbhlf itv-ltub mdt.yt,blfy5ep,trtsb +!@%8*~7 nfbkfylb +)*8%~7.f-pf[tsb +()8!~7 sehmvtytsb +%@8!~7 xbytsb +#_8^~7 fhf,sfufthsbfyt,ekb cftvbhjt,b +@^8#~ lf c[df8

@_!) okbc bfydfh-fghbkbc vjyfwtvt,bs cfmfhsdt-kjib @7@^%7#!( cfthsfijhbcj vju-pfeht,bc dbpbnb ufy[jhwbtklf7phlf +@8)~8 nehbcnekb dbpbnt-,bc hfjltyj,fv !7@#_7^$) itflub-yf7 hfw %^7^_(-bs vtnbf @_!( okbcfyfkjubeh vfxdtyt,tkpt +phlf+$8(~‘

ob yfcofhb vjyfw tvt, b s @_ !)okbc bfydfh-vfhnib itvjcfdfkbcfthsfijhbcj vjupfehj,blfy cf-mfhsdtkjib itflutyc %*( vbkbjyljkfhc +phlf +%~‘7 hfw @( vbkb-jybs vtnbf obyf okbc fyfkjubehvfxdtyt,tkpt8

NEHBCNEKB DBPBNT,BC HFJLTYJ,F BPHLT,F

Page 9: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

9

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8CGJHNB

F{KF{FY chekbfl cfmfhsdtkj ptb-vj,lf sfyfvtvfvekt &fkjcfysf nhb-evac7 hjvkt,vfw cojhegjdfhb kfif nf-kf{f&bc sfvflj,bs fhyf{ekb vjyfuhbslffchektc ,fsevib ufvfhsekb tdhj-gbc xtvgbjyfnb8

jkbvgbehb mfhnbf lf cgjhnbc lf-eothtkb vjhfkehb rjltmcb sdfk-cfxbyjl qfqflt,c7 hjv infyubcnsfgfnbjcfyb ,h&jkbc ,tlb abwfhyfu-pt eylf o.lt,jltc7 vfuhfv7 hjujhwbhrdtdf7 hrbyfcsfy letkbc ufhlf7sehvt7 3]dfhjcyt,c4 bvfdt ertsehj-,fcsfy eotds ufvrkfdt,f7 hfw7 eahjafhsj vfcinf,bs7 jqjyl c{dlfc{dfajhvbs7 mdt.fyfibf ufvtat,ekb8

cfe,fhbf mfksf thjdyekb yfrht-,bc !* okbc otdh sfsbf kjhsmbaf-yb&tpt7 hjvtkbw vbcb vfvbc7 flfvbf-ybc eakt,fsf wyj,bkb lfvwdtkbc7gfhkfvtynbc .jabkb ltgenfnbcf lf( idbkbc vij,kbc lbvbnhb kjhs-mbafyb&bc fphbs7 gjkbnbrehb htdfy-ibcf lf .,flfqt,ekb rj/f,bnfwbbcvc{dthgkfl vjudtdkbyf8

,eyt,hbdbf7 cfrbs{bc gbrfynehj-,blfy ufvjvlbyfht7 crfylfkib uflfp-hlbk bcnjhbfpt cfe,fhc rfhbthbclfcfo.bcibdt acbmjkjubehfl nhfd-vbht,ekb ujujyf thblt,f7 fvbnjvztivfhbnt,bc ufwyj,f mdt.ybc cfrf-yjyvlt,kj jhufyjc .jabkb ofhvj-vflutykbcufy dwfljs7 hjvtkvfwcfsmvtkpt ,jkjlhjbyltk bynth-dbet,ib gbhesdytkfl bcfe,hf8

2 3vjut{ctyt,fs7 obyf {tkbceakt-,bc lhjc gfhkfvtynbc cgjhnbc rjvb-ntnc 3yfwbjyfkehb vj&hfj,bc4 ht;-bvbc ths-thsb cf{t7 jkbvgbehb xtvgbj-yb ubjhub fcfyb&t sfdrfwj,lf7 hjvt-kbw lqtc cfmfhsdtkjc yfrht,bc vsf-dfhb vodhsytkbf lf .jabk gjkbnb-reh jgjytync cfvfubthjc idbkbc xfu-dhbs e{lbc8

e,tleht,f bc uf{kfds7 hjv vfy

GHBPBW7 MEKT,BW

CRFYLFKB

lferfdibhlf atlthfwbbc eahjcj-,fc ,fsevib lf gbhj,f vbbqj7 hjvsfsbfc fhfyfbhb obyffqvltuj,f fhit{dlt,jlf lf bc cfmfhsdtkjc qbh-ct,fc lfbwfdlf+=‘8 vtnbw7 .jdtkbitvs{dtdbcsdbc cfmvbc rehcib thjd-yekb jkbvgbehb rjvbntnbc ghtpb-ltynb7 jkbvgbehb xtvgbjyb kthb{f,tkjdbw xfdf.tyts lf vbcufyfwvcufdcb gbhj,f vbdbqts888

vjrktl7 cf{tptf rkfcbrehb dtylt-nf lf7 mdt.ybc ghtpbltyn cfkjvt pe-hf,bidbkbc dfhfelbs7 itcf&kj lbc-rhbvbyfwbf8

/j7 vfhskf 2 rbltd thsb lfyf-ifekbc ybiybc itvwdtkb tgbpjlbc it-cf{t,5 sfsbfc ojyfib vjfcgfhtpt vbcths-ths rjyrehtync7 hjvtkbw bchf-tkc ofhvjflutyc7 cojhtl fqybiyekbgbht,b fdfh]bit,ty8 dbsjv efyufhjl0

bcqf lfvhxtybf7 hjujhw eakt,f-lfvwdtkvf7 hjvtkbw c{dbc idbkt,ct{vfht,f7 cfvfhskt,hbdb ,h&jkfmdt.fyfib lfythubkb rkfyeh-vfabj-pehb vvfhsdtkj,bc cbcntvbc obyf-fqvltu cfresfhb cbc{kbcf lf {jh-wbc lfcfwfdflfw lfdbo.j7 vbs evtntc7cffvbcj ufvjwlbkt,f erdt vfmdc 2 vj-ut{ctyt,fs7 @__* otkc mfkfmbc cfgfn-hekjc eahjcvf ututzrjhvf xtvb !*okbc df;b v{jkjl bvbnjv lffrfdf7hjv * yjtv,hbc fmwbfib dvjyfobkt-j,lb lf fhfchekokjdfyb ,fdidbodhbkvfyb {ekbuyj,bc ,hfklt,bs3rfgtptib4 htwblbdbcnt,cf lf yfhrj-vfyt,c vbecdf udthlbs8 rbltd rfhub7cfcfvfhskj ghjwtcb vjdbut lf sdbsututzrjhb lfdflfyfifekt rfyjybclfhqdtdfib8884

cfbynthtcjf7 hjwf gjkbnbrjcbc7 ea-kt,flfvwdtkbcf lf cf]fhj vj{tkbc idb-kt,bc eakt,t,b fct at{mdti bstkt,f7 hb-cb bvtlb itb&kt,f /mjyltc hbubs vjmf-kfmtc7 dbcfw fctsb vafhdtkb fh /.fdc0

UBJHUB IJSF&T

3JMHJT,C4 VBQVFJ}F[EHB RKFYBF0=

f{fkb vvfhsdtkb &fkbc gbhj,t,ibwitbyfhxeyf ufdktyt,b lf erdt xfvj-.fkb,t,ekb j]f{ehb rkfybc vtidt-j,bs frjynhjkt,c dbsfht,fc &f-kjcyj,bc atlthfwbfib8

lbf{7 rkfybc7 sfyfw j]f{ehbc7hflufy vbcb mdbckb7 ghjatcbbs cfy-ntmybrjcb +{jv fh ufuf{ctylfs ufyfs-kt,bc .jabkb vbybcnhb fktmcfylhtkjvfbf0 2 htl8‘ stveh ]fy]qfdf7 hj-vtkcfw cfvodhsytkj rehct,bw rb fhufedkbf7 thslhjekfl uf{kfdsmfksf yfrht,bcf lf s,bkbcbc yfrht-,t,bc lfvhbut,tkb7 fuhtsdt f{fk-ufphlekb ueylbc vtcfzbc vsfdfhbfcbcntynb8 fhbc se fhf tc cbwbkbehbvfabbc fyfkjub0

/jlf7 hfqf ufcfrdbhbf7 hjv fctslbktnfynsfy sfsbfc rjyakbmnb vjc-dkjlf7 nhfdvt,b vbtqj7 3ifnfkjpt4ofcekb.j lf sfdbc gbhfl vodhsytk-sfy7 yfvldbk ghjatcbjyfk lf rfhuflfvbfy utkf vf{fhfidbksfy7 fy erb-lehtc itvs{dtdfib7 seylfw7 ubjhubfcfyb&tcsfy tdfh]bif8

vbe{tlfdfl .dtkfahbcf7 sfsbf vf-byw uftvupfdhf hjujhw fcfyb&bc itr-ht,fpt leitsib7 bct ]fy]qfdfc3c,jhpt4 hecsfdib7 cflfw at{bccf{cfhb lfbpbfyf +fhct,j,c nfnbi-dbkbc rkbybrbc itcf,fvbcb lfcrdyf‘8fqfhfathc dfv,j, bcts 3odhbkvfyt,-pt47 hjujhbwff mfksf yfrht,bc itr-ht,bc {fh]bc jh]th itvwbht,f7

edfhubcb 3afcnaelbs4 rdt,f7 cegth-vfhrtnib {bkbc cfresfhb ]b,bc ae-kbs lfvfnt,f lf c{df7 vfuhfv cfufy-ut,jl eylf itdxthlt bcts e{fvcj,f-pt7 hjvtkbw ijhcff rfwj,bcufy=

duekbc{vj, bv cbn.dbth ite-hfw{.jat,c7 hjujhcfw ]fy]qfdf mf-kbidbk itubhlc f.tyt,lf5 3hf uzbhc7at{v&bvtl {jv fh {fhj47 fy 3cfpfh-lekib rhtvc ofubcdfvj48 tc fvfphpt-yb afmnt,b sfsbfv lf utkf vf{fhfi-dbkvf othbkj,bs lf ptgbhfl fhf-thsupbc itfn.j,bytc &fkjcyj,bcalthfwbbc ghtpbltync7 cfvupbcjkbvgbeh xtvgbjy rf{b rf{bfidbkc7vbcufy rb 2 v{jkjl levbkb8

c{dfsf ijhbc7 cojhtl ,fnjybrf{bfidbkbc vjs{jdybs s,bkbcbcv&ktjcyj,bc vfyt;ib dfh]bibc gthb-jlib sfsbfv cfthsfijhbcj ljgbyu-ntcnb xff,fhf7 hjvtkvfw lfflfcne-hf7 hjv bub ceasff8 sbsmjc udbhf-,bc ,jkjib cbyfskt ufvjxylf7 sfyfwitsfy{vlyty7 hjv rjynbytyneh aj-hevpt xtvb idbkb gbhflb vodhsytkbcsfy{kt,bs xfdbljlf7 vfuhfv vfiby7hjwf pqdbcgbhtsib ufcfvupfdht,t-kb vfnfht,kbc ,bktsb fdbqts7 it-sfy{vt,f lfbhqdf lf vf{fhfidbkvfatlthfwbbc {tkv&qdfytkbcufy 3tct-vtc4 itn.j,byt,f vbbqj5 3utkf7 vfh-nj xfvjlb7 sfsbfc ufhtit48 fhflf7 vf-yfvlt cgjhnbc vbybcnhbc vjflubktifkdf ujujkf&t xtvb sfylfcoht,bs

ZFLHFRB

RBLTD thsb ofhvfnt,bs ufu-df{fhf mfhsdtkvf lbljcnfnvfrjycnfynbyt ifyfdfv7 hjvtkvfww{hf itcf&kt,kj,blfy *7% me-kbs bhfybc vfpfylfhfybc ghj-dbywbfib ufvfhsekb cfthsfij-hbcj nehybhb vjbuj lf vsfdf-hb ghbpbc vjgjdt,fcsfy thsflhtbnbyub !* geymnbs ufbvlblhf8

fqcfybiyfdbf7 hjv xdtyvf sf-yfvtvfvektv cfofltkc v&kfd-hb abybibs vbfqobf 2 ptlbptlcfvb gfhnbf vjbuj lf thsb me-kbs ufecohj ef{kjtc vlt-dfhsf rdfhntnc fhbfy xjkf-vbc7 uftv vfu/fvbc +jhbdt 2 bhf-yb‘7 gfdtk gfyrhfnjdbcf +hect-sb‘ lf hj,thn rhtbckbc +fd-cnhbf‘ itvflutykj,bs8

hfw itt{t,f lfdbs kjvcf-&tc7 $7% mekbs vfy @$-t flub-kb lfbrfdf8

RJ,F RJ,F{B&T

TDHJGF KBUF

U E K I T -V F N R B D F H Cr f h u f lv j t { c t y t , f 7hjv oktekca t { , e h s b cc f v i j , k j c

ofhvjvflutykt,b lblb ofhvfnt,bs sf-vfij,ty gjgekfhek cfrke,j tdhj-nehybht,ib 2 yf{tdfhabyfkbcnsf pec-nfl yf{tdfhb ybckbfyb fk,bjybc ueylbf8

vfhsfkbf7 xtvgbjysf kbubc gbh-dtkvf hfeylvf ghtvbthkbubc mjvf-ut,c v{jkjl bvtlufwhet,f vjenf-yf7 vfuhfv7 cfvfubthjl7 cfdct,bs ht-fkehbf dfhbfynb7 hjv tdhjgf kbufptbyukbcehb abyfkb db{bkjs7 rbltdeahj se lfdrjyrhtnlt,bs 2 kjy-ljyehb lth,b7 hjvtkbw ,fmjib uf-bvfhst,f8

vfhskfw7 cfbynthtcjf7 dbcsdbc bm-wtdf ) vfbcb ufvfh]dt,bc lqtl 2 cf-

BYUKBCBC CF{TKBSgfce{j yf{tdfhabyfkehb vfnxt,b {jvcojhtl vfibyff lfybiyekb8

3fhctyfkb4 2 3dfktycbf4 #5!73fbynhf{nb4 2 3xtkcb4 !5!8

DBNFKB ]FAFHB&T

Page 10: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

10

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

lfyfhsb 1! +!_ aehwtkb`lfvnrbwt,ekbf

fzfhbc fdnjyjvbehb htcge,kbrbcabyfycsf lf trjyjvbrbc vbybcnhbc

@_!) okbc 3_# vfbcbc41 _!-_!-#/!%* ,h&fyt,bs

FZFHBC FDNJYJVBEHB HTCGE,KBRBC ABYFYCSF LFTRJYJVBRBC CFVBYBCNHJC UFYW[FLT,F CFCFHUT,KJ

OBFQBCTEKBC VJGJDT,BC KBWTYPBBC UFWTVBCVBPYBS TKTMNHJYEKB FEMWBJYBC XFNFHT,BC ITCF[T,

cfcfhut,kj obfqbctekbc vjgjdt,bc kbwtypbbc ufvwtvbf fzfhbc fdnjyjvbehb htcge,-kbrbc abyfycsf lf trjyjvbrbc cfvbybcnhj tktmnhjyekb femwbjybc +www.eauct ion.ge ‘vtidtj,bs7 ufvfh]dt,ekfl xfbsdkt,f kbwtypbbc bc vf&bt,tkb7 hjvtkbw frvf.jabkt,cfemwbjybc gbhj,t,cf lf vjs[jdyt,c lf .dtkfpt vtn sfy[fc itcsfdfpt,c cf[tkvobajc8

BYAJHVFWBF/FEMWBJYB

OTKC7PEULBLIB

^_ DTNTHFYBLF #__ LTDYB-

KB J}F[BF[FK ,BYFC

VBBQT,C3MFHSEKB JWYT,F 2 LTVJRHFNB-

EKB CFMFHSDTKJC4 peulblbc vthj-,bc rfylblfnb ubjhub ityutkbf jre-gbht,ekb nthbnjhbt,blfy ltdybk-sf7 ihjvbc7 ]fyvhstkj,bc lf cjwbf-kehb lfwdbc vbybcnhbc vjflubktuhbujk ubjhuf&tcsfy thsfl7 byub-hbcf lf rf[fsbc flvbybcnhfwbek th-stekib rjvgfmnehfl xfcf[kt,ekltdybk vjcf[ktj,fc it[dlf8 vthj,bcrfylblfnb ltdybksf cfzbhjt,t,c uf-twyj8 fctdt7 bc utuvt,b lf byahfcnhem-nehekb ghjtmnt,b ofhelubyf7 hfwubjhub ityutkbfc vthfl fhxtdbc itv-ltu peulblbc veybwbgfkbntnib ufy-[jhwbtklt,f8

ubjhub ityutkbf fctdt7 ,fhfvbfcflf kfqb&bc mexfpt vw[jdht, ltdyb-kt,c it[dlf8 fqcfybiyfdbf bc afmnb7hjv ,fhfvbfc mexfpt *@_ ltdybkb j]f-[bcsdbc rjhgect,bc cfvityt,kj cfve-ifjt,b [jhwbtklt,f8 ef[kjtc vjvf-dfkib rb lfvfnt,bs @$_ j]f[bcsdbc,bybc vityt,kj,f lfbo.t,f8

peulblib7 @_!# okblfy lqtvlt ,b-yf )__-vlt ltdybk j]f[c uflftwf7ghjuhfvf 3cjakfl cf[kbc4 afhukt,-ib rb cf[kb vbobc yfrdtsbs $%) ltdybkj]f[c uflftwf8

PEULBLB HJVUFKFVFPLTCCFMFHSDTKJC byahfcnhemnehbc

cfvbybcnhjc veybwbgfkehb ufydbsf-ht,bc ajylb cfvtuhtkj-ptvj cdfyt-sbc htubjyib byahfcnhemnehbc ufy-dbsfht,bc ghjuhfvfc f[jhwbtkt,c8

ghjuhfvbc afhukt,ib peulblbcveybwbgfkbntnib lfutuvbkbf fhfth-sb byahfcnhemnehekb j,btmnbcufydbsfht,f7 hjvtksf ijhbcff peu-lblbc ,jnfybrehb ,fqbcf lf trfnthb-yt lflbfybc cfcf[kbc htf,bkbnfwbf7peulblbc ,b,kbjstrbcf lf cgjhn-rjvgktmcbc vityt,kj,f8

*-) VFBCCHBRJSBCUDBHF,IBVJ&HFJ,FLHJT,BS

ITBPQELT,FCFMFHSDTKJC htubjyekb ufydb-

sfht,bcf lf byahfcnhemnehbc cfvb-ybcnhjc cffdnjvj,bkj upt,bc lt-gfhnfvtynbc byajhvfwbbs7 cfthsfij-hbcj vybidytkj,bc s,bkbcb-ctyfrb-ktctkb&bc cffdnjvj,bkj upbc !$#-trv-pt vlt,fht hbrjsbc cffdnjvj,bkjudbhf,ib7 udbhf,bc cf[fy&hj-cfdtynb-kfwbj cbcntvt,bc itvjovt,f-itcofd-kbc cfveifjt,bc ufy[jhwbtkt,fcsfylfrfdibht,bs7 @_!) okbc * vfbcblfy )vfbcbc xfsdkbs7 lhjbc ufhrdtek gt-hbjlib brh&fkt,f .dtkf cf[bc fdnjn-hfycgjhnbc vj&hfj,f8 rth&jl5 * vfbcc@@5__ cs-lfy ( vfbcbc _(5__ cs-vlt7 ( vf-bcc @@5__ cs-lfy ) vfbcbc _(5__ cs-vltlf ) vfbcc !$5__ cs-lfy @_5__ cs-vlt8 [j-kj lqbc lfyfhxty gthbjlib fdnjn-hfycgjhnbc vj&hfj,f sfdbceafkbf8

cffdnjvj,bkj udbhf,bc xfrtndbcgthbjlib cfnhfycgjhnj yfrflbcvj&hfj,f ufy[jhwbtklt,f hbrjsbccffdnjvj,bkb udbhf,bc itvjcfdktkupfpt8

Page 11: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

11

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

FEMWBJYB/BYAJHVFWBF

VFCINF,EHBGHJTMNT,B

LBL LBQJVIBCF,EHSFKJC hfbjyib vfcinf,ehb

ghjtmnt,bc ufy[jhwbtkt,f bo.t,f8lbl lbqjvib /fbyhb[ rkfghjsbc me-xbc cfhtf,bkbnfwbj cfveifjt,b vbv-lbyfhtj,c7 hjvkbc afhukt,ibw7 # (_#rd8v afhsj,pt fcafknbc jhatybfyb cf-afhb lfbut,f8 ef[kjtc vjvfdfkib7 cf-htf,bkbnfwbj cfveifjt,b fctdt 7rth&j lfcf[kt,fib vlt,fht cfvb mexbc- ,fhjy lt ,fbc7 ybrj ,ehbcf lf cnhf-,jybc mext,pt lfbo.t,f8 cnhf,jybcf lfybrj ,ehbc mext,pt gbhdtk tnfgpt cf-ybfqdht mctkb vjto.j,f7 hbc itvltufwfcafknbc cfafhb lfbut,f8

fqybiyek mext,pt fcafknbc cfaf-hb fv lhjvlt fh fhct,j,lf7 hbc uf-vjw7 vjcf[ktj,bcsdbc uheynbc upfptuflfflubkt,f fhfrjvajhnekb b.j8ghjtmnbc ufy[jhwbtkt,bc itvltu7 fl-ubkj,hbdt,b rtsbkvjo.j,bkb upbsbcfhut,kt,ty8 fqybiyekb ghjtmnt,bcufycf[jhwbtkt,kfl ufvutj,bc ,b-e]tnblfy @ ))_ !%( kfhb lfb[fh]t,f8cfupfj cfveifjt,c rjvgfybf 3b,thb4 uf-yf[jhwbtkt,c8

VSFOVBYLBCGFHRB XFBCATCNBDFKC

EVFCGBY&KT,C% VFBCC7 vsfovbylbc gfhrb7 nhflb-

wbekfl7 xfbc atcnbdfkc evfcgby&kt,c8atcnbdfkbc afhukt,ib vj[lt,f hj-ujhw mfhsekb7 bct c[df mdt.yt,bc xfbcufwyj,f8 fvfcsfy7 yfxdtyt,b bmyt,f xfbcvjvpflt,bc c[dflfc[df nhflbwbf lfvjcek cnev ht,c itcf&kt,kj,ftmyt,fs7 xfb lffutvjdyjy8

atcnbdfkpt7 hjvtkbw .jdtksdbcufvjbhxtdf ew[jtksf lblb lfbyntht-ct,bs7 otkc beyectvhtc bycnbnenbwvbbqt,c vjyfobktj,fc lf cnevht,csehmek xfbc uffwyj,c7 hjvtkcfwsehmek reknehfib ufvjhxtekb fl-ubkb erfdbf8

vsfovbylbc gfhrib qjybc&bt,f !_ cf-fspt lbgkjvfnbehb rjhgecbc ofhvj-vflutykt,bc ufvjcdkbs lfbo.t,f8 qj-ybc&bt,fpt yfxdtyt,b bmyt,f ajkrkj-hekb wtrdt,bw8

ITRTSLT,F )CF,FDIDJ ,FQB

S,BKBCBC cf,fdidj ,fuf-,fqt,bcvfhsdbc cffutynj vbvlbyfht otkc ) cf-,fdidj ,fqbc ityj,t,bc ufvfuht,f-ht-rjycnhemwbfc lfbo.t,c8 ufvfuht,fctmdtvlt,fht,f 1!*_7 1@__7 1!__7 1!@^71!%_7 1!$$7 1%%7 1@ lf 1$ ,fqt,bc it-yj,t,b8

cffutynjc [tkv&qdfytkb rf[f,thudfywtkf&t 1!*_ lf 1@__ ,fqt,ib bv-.jat,jlf8 jhbdt ,fqib cfveifjt,bpfa[ekib lfbo.t,f8 ufvfuht,fc tmdtv-lt,fht,f ityj,t,bc rjyrhtnekb akb-utkt,b7 hbc itvltufw xfnfhlt,f c[df-lfc[df cf[bc cfhtvjynj cfveifjt,b81@__ ,fuf-,fqib cfvpfhtekjc ,kjrblf cfo.j,t,bw ufhtvjynlt,f8

rf[f,th udfywtkf&bc smvbs7 ityj,t-,bc htf,bkbnfwbf tmcgthnsf lfcrd-yt,c t.hlyj,f8

w[hf ityj,bc ufvfuht,bc ghjtmnt-,bc [tkitrhekt,bs ufsdfkbcobyt,e-kb qbht,ekt,f # vbkbjyb kfhbf8

Page 12: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

12

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

BYAJHVFWBF/FEMWBJYB

888COHFABXFHBW[DBCFGFHFNT,C

LFTHBF3YBEGJCNBC4 byajhvfwbbs7 ueiby

peulblib ( cohfab xfhbw[dbc fgfhfnbufnt[tc8 obyfcofhb byajhvfwbbs7 hdf-dt fgfhfnb thsvf lf bvfdt gbhvf lffpb-fyf8 vfvfrfwb gjkbwbfv tmcgthnbpfptuflfb.dfyf8 f[kj,kt,bc smvbs7 vfvfrfwcacbmbrehb ghj,ktvt,b fqtybiyt,f8ths-thsb lfpfhfkt,ekb fv,j,c7 hjvgthcjyfkehfl vbcb pfhfkb !%__ kfhcfqotdc8 vtofhvbc smvbs7 vbcb fgfhfnb @rdbhbc obyfw lffpbfytc lf vfiby pfhfk-vf #$__ kfhb itflubyf7 bv itvs[dtdfibghjrehfnehfv thsb gbhb lffrfdf7 hj-vtkcfw gfnbvhj,fcsfy thsfl pfhfkbcchekfl fyfpqfeht,f lffdfkf8 hfw it-t[t,f ueiby vjv[lfhc7 lfpfhfkt,ekcezbhc bvbc smvf hjujh vj[ lt,ffyfpqfeht,f7 hflufy gjkbwbfv fqybi-yekb lfyfifekbcsdbc itpqelekb it-cf&kt,kj,bc vmjyt gbhb lffrfdf8

LFF}FHBVTCNTHBNJHBEKB

O.KT,BCLF,BY&EHT,BC-

SDBCUFHTVJC lfwdbcf lf cjakbc vteh-

ytj,bc cfvbybcnhjc7 ufhtvjclfwdbsbptlfv[tldtkj,bc ltgfhnfvtynbc ifdbpqdbc lfwdbc rjydtywbehb cfvvfhsdt-kjc sfyfvihjvkt,vf7 cfcfpqdhj gj-kbwbbc ofhvjvflutykt,sfy thsfl7 gf-yfvbc lhjibc mdti vwehfdb utvbc vbthcfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbekb o.kt,bclf,by&eht,bc afmnb ufvjfdkbytc8

gfyfvbc lhjibc mdti vwehfdvf utvvfpqdf yfdsj,bc itvwdtkb o.kt,bs lf-f,by&ehf8 ajsbc cfmfkfmj cfcfvfhs-kjv utvbc rfgbnfyc ^% ___ kfhbc jlt-yj,bs cf]fhbvj cfymwbf lffrbchf8 lf-rbcht,ekb cf]fhbvj cfymwbt,bc uf-lf[lbc itvltu7 utvc sfdbceafkb yfjc-yj,bc eakt,f vbtwf8

LFRFDT,EKBFHBFY

LJREVTYNT,BCUFV.FK,T,KT,B

CFMFHSDTKJC abyfycsf cfvbybcn-hjc cfufvj&bt,j cfvcf[ehbc sfyfvi-hjvkt,vf7 ufnfht,ekb jgthfnbek-cfv&t,hj qjybc&bt,t,bcf lf cfuf-vj&bt,j vjmvtlt,t,bc itltufl7 .fk,bcfuflfcf[flj ljrevtynt,bc lfvpflt-,f 2 ufcfqt,bc [esb afmnb ufvjfdkb-ytc7 hfptw lfrfdt,ekb bmyf ( gbhb8

ufvj&bt,bs lflubylf7 hjv ,hfklt-,ekt,vf7 m8 s,bkbcib7 rf[tsbc7 fzfhbclf bvthtsbc htubjyt,ib7 erfyjyj vfnt-hbfkehb cfhut,kbc vbqt,bc vbpybs7vfs vakj,tkj,fib fhct,ekb rjvgfyb-t,bc cf[tkbs lffvpfltc lf uffcfqtc.fk,b cfuflfcf[flj fyufhbi-afmneht-,b lf cfcfmjykj ptlyflt,t,b7 hjvkbcsfyf[vfl7 sbsmjclf ufyf[jhwbtktc]fvib $%_ ___ kfhbc qbht,ekt,bcc[dflfc[df lfcf[tkt,bc cfmjykbc vboj-lt,f8 xfltybkb lfyfifekb cfc]tkbc cf-[bs bsdfkbcobyt,c sfdbceakt,bc fq-rdtsfc $-lfy *-okfvlt dflbs8

Page 13: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

13

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

FEMWBJYB/BYAJHVFWBF

LFBQEGFBYNJMCBRFWBBS

,FSEVIB @#-t cf]fhj crjkfcsfyvlt,fht crdthib %_ okfvlt vfvfrfwbufhlfwdkbkb bgjdtc8

ufhlfwdkbksfy thsfl rbltd thsbvfvfrfwb bv.jat,jlf7 hjvtkcfw ,fse-vbc cfcohfaj-cfvtlbwbyj cfvcf[ehbcbyajhvfwbbs7 fkrj/jkehb bynjmcb-rfwbf fqtybiyt,jlf8 bc ,fsevbc 3vtl-wtynhib4 uflfb.dfytc8 ufhlfwdkbkbghjptmnehfibf uflfcdtyt,ekb8

NHFUTLBFVTNHJIB

VTNHJCFLUEH 3cfhf]bidbkpt4kbfylfupt xfdfhlybkb !% okbc f[fk-ufphlf ufhlfbwdfkf8

hjujhw sdbsv[bkdtkt,b .dt,bfy7kbfyuflpt vfiby xfdfhlf7 hjwf vfnf-ht,tkb cfluehib itvjlbjlf7 hbc uf-vjw vtvfymfytv lfve[hezt,f dth it&kj8

fq&hekbf cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc cfm-vt7 vbvlbyfhtj,c ufvj&bt,f8 ths-thsdthcbfl sdbsvrdktkj,f ufyb[bkt,f8

VJ[EWVF$ FLFVBFYB

VJRKFVRDKTKJ,F cfufht]jc veybwbgf-

kbntnbc cjatk .fylfehfib vj[lf 2(% okbc vfvfrfwvf idbkb7 h&fkb lf jhbvtpj,tkb wtw[kcfchjkb bfhfqblfyufchjkbs vjrkf8 lfzhbkbf wjkbw7hjvtkcfw cfv tlbwbyj lf[v fht,fenfhlt,f8

itvs[dtdf cjatkib ueiby lbkbsvj[lf8 flubkj,hbdt,bc byajhvfwbbs7vrdktkj,f j]f[eh rjyakbmnc erfd-ibhlt,f8 hf uf[lf vrdktkj,bc pecnbvbptpb7 ufvj&bt,f lfflutyc8 vfvfrfwbufycfresht,ek lfdfkt,fsf ltgfhnf-vtynbc sfyfvihjvkt,vf itvs[dtdbc fl-ubkpt lffrfdtc8

3MEHLEKBCFV.FHJC4

VJNHABFKTYBMESFBCBC cfmfkfmj cfcfvfhskjv

ufbpbfhf ,hfklt,bc v[fhbc vbth ofh-lutybkb vnrbwt,ekt,t,b lf mehlekbcfv.fhjc otdhj,bcsdbc ,hfklt,ekt-,b 2 [8c87 v8,8 lf s8r8 lfvyfifdtl wyj8 fvf-dt ufyfxtybs lfvyfifdtl bmyf wyj,bkblfyfifekbc iten.j,byt,kj,bcsdbc,hfklt,ekb f8,8

[8c87 v8,8 lf s8r8 fqbfht,ty hf 3meh-lek cfv.fhjc47 fmnbehfl vjyfobktj,-lyty vbc cfmvbfyj,fib lf sfdbcb mvtlt-,t,bs 3mehlekb cfv.fhjc4 cfmvbfyj,f-ib vjyfobktj,bcsdbc vpfl.jayfc uf-vj[fnfdlyty8 @_!( okbc vfbcib fqybiye-kb gbht,b7 vfsb rhbvbyfkehb ufdktybclf 3rfyjybthb mehlbc4 cf[tkbc ufvj.t-yt,bs7 m8ptcnfajyib ths-ths vtofhvtcfb&ekt,lyty vbtqj 3rfyjybthb mehlbc4vafhdtkj,f cfvtofhvtj cfmvbfyj,bcecfahs[jl ufy[jhwbtkt,bcsdbc7 hbccfyfwdkjlfw vjut,blfy #_~-bfyb obkb3rfyjybthb mehlbc4 j]f[bcf lf f[kj,-kt,bcsdbc eylf lftsvj7 fy vfssdbc cbc-ntvfnehfl ufhrdtekb sfy[f uflft[f-lf8 cfcfvfhskjib ufvjrdktekb vnrb-wt,ekt,t,bs fctdt lflubylf7 hjv fq-ybiyekb lfyfifekbc itcf[t, bwjlf f8,8-v7 sevwf fvbc itcf[t, cfvfhsfklfvwdt-kt,c fh itfn.j,byf8

cfvfhsfklfvwdtkt,vf v8,87 s8r8 lff8,8 @_!( okbc * bdybcc7 [jkj [8c8 @_!(okbc !@ ltrtv,thc lffrfdtc8 vfs fqrdt-sbc qjybc&bt,bc cf[bs gfnbvhj,f itt-afhlfs8 mesfbcbc cfmfkfmj cfcfvfh-skjv js[bdt ,hfklt,ekb lfvyfif-dtl wyj lf [8c8-c7 v8,8-c lf s8r8-c cfc]t-kbc cf[tl lf pjvfl7 sbsjtekc * okb-sf lf ^ sdbs sfdbceakt,f fqerdtsf7[jkj f8,8-c ]fhbvf %___ kfhbc jltyj-,bs ufyecfpqdhf8

Page 14: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

14

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8

cfcfhut,kj obfqbctekbc itcofdkf-vjgjdt,bc kbwtypbbc ufvwtvbf cf]fhj cfvfhskbc behblbekb gbhb obfqbc thjdyekb cff-utynj tktmnhjyekb femwbjybc +www.eauction.ge‘ vtidtj,bs7 ufvfh]dt,ekfl xfbsdkt,f kbwtypbbc bc vf&bt,tkb7 hjvtkbw frvf.j-abkt,c femwbjybc gbhj,t,cf lf vjs[jdyt,c lf .dtkfpt vtn sfy[fc itcsfdfpt,c cf[tkvobajc8

C8C8B8G 2 OBFQBC THJDYEKB CFFUTYNJC UFYW[FLT,FCFCFHUT,KJ OBFQBCTEKBC ITCOFDKF-VJGJDT,BC KBWTYPBBC UFWTVBC

VBPYBS TKTMNHJYEKB FEMWBJYBC XFNFHT,BC ITCF[T,

Page 15: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

15

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8C[DFLFC[DFLQTCFCOFEKB

% VFBCC ovbylf vfhskvflblt,tkb cf-vjwbmekj trktcbf lqtcfcofekj,c rdb-hfw{jdkj,fc7 hjvtkcfw eojlt,ty f{fkrdbhfc7 sjvfc rdbhfc8

wyj,bkbf7 hjv fv lqtc vjb{ctyb-t,f sjvf vjwbmekbc vbth eakbcudthlbc {bkdf lf kbnehubfptbrbs{t,f cf{fht,bc cfsfyflj vjyfr-dtsb8

bcbw cfuekbc{vjf7 hjv fqlujvbcqfvtc sjvfc ufhlf .dtkf vjwbmek-vf yf{f btcj mhbcnt8 sjvf udbfy vjdblflf fh lfb]thf7 hjv vfs b{bktc eaf-kb8 thsb rdbhbc itvltu vjofatt,bbctd itbrhb,yty7 sjvfw vfssfy thsflb.j8

btcj mhbcntv es{hf vfs5 3vidblj-,f smdty47 vtht rb sjvfc vbvfhsf5 3vj-vtwb7 fm ityb sbsb lf ufcby]t {tkt-,b xtvb7 vjvtwb {tkb lf itf{t zhbkj,fc xtvb udthlbcfc lf ye bmyt,b eho-veyj4888

888sjvfv it/qfqflf5 3eafkb xtvb lf qvthsb xtvb48ybifylj,kbdbf bcbw7 hjv ,ho.bydfkt idbltekbc ufyvfdkj,fib7 rfyrt-

kbc oby7 .dtkf nf&fhib lufc gfnfhf vfublf7 cfufyut,jl ufvjvw{dfhb ge-hbs7 hjvtkcfw fhnjcb tojlt,f8

fv lqtt,ib tc gehb ufycfresht,ekb vflkbs bvjct,f lf lbl cbovbyltcofhvjflutyc8

itutobjs rdbhfw{jdkj,bc vflkb=UBEKB KBGFHNBF

RDBHFW{JDKJ,F

VCJAKBJ ]fylfwdbc jhufybpfwbbc +v]j‘vjyfwtvt,bs7 ltlfvbofpt cbrdlbkbfyj,bcyf{tdfhpt vtnb +%$ ghjwtynb‘ fsb &bhbsflb vb-ptpbsff ufvjodtekb8 itcf,fvbc yec{fib bcbybrkt,bclf vb{tldbsff xfvjsdkbkb8

gbhdtk flubkpt lblb egbhfntcj,bsuekbc lffdflt,t,bf7 vtjhtpt 2 byceknt,b8vfs thsj,kbd obkfl cbrdlbkbfyj,bc @%ghjwtynfvltf lf ,jkj !% okbc vfy&bkpttc cytekt,t,b fv cfibytkb cbbc kbltht,bfhbfy8 vtcfvt-vtjs{t lf vt{est flubkt,ptfcfceysmb upt,bc lffdflt,t,b +abkndt,bc j,-cnhemwbekb mhjybrekb fdflv.jaj,f7 fct-dt abkndt,bc7 nhfmtbcf lf ,hjymt,bc rb-,j‘8 vttmdct flubkpt 2 lbf,tnb7 sfyfw fv cyt-ekt,bs ufhlfwdkbksf hbw{db okblfyokfvlt vfnekj,c8 vtidblt flubkpt ]th-]thj,bs ltvtywbff +{fylfpvekj,bc ujyt-,fcbcecnt‘7 vfuhfv ,jkj {esb okbc vfy&bk-pt vfsb hbw{jdyj,f jh]th ufbpfhlf= tcrb7 vtlbrjcsf ufyw{flt,bs7 flfvbfysf cb-wjw{kbc {fyuh&kbdj,bc ufphlbc itltubf8fv fdflv.jaj,t,c itvltu vj/.dt,bfy mdtvjcfceysmb upt,bc byatmwbt,b +gytdvjybf lfc{df‘7 vtw{ht flubkptf lbfhtekb fdflv.j-aj,t,b7 sevwf rb ,jkj % okbc ufyvfdkj-,fib tc vfxdtyt,tkb jh]th itvwbhlf lf ,j-kj 2 vt-!_ flubkptf ne,threkjpb7 sevwfvbcb vbptpbs ufhlfwdkbksf jltyj,f ,j-kj {fyt,ib fctdt itvwbhlf8

vskbfyfl rb vcjakbj ]fylfwdbc jhuf-ybpfwbbc dhwtk yec{fib cbrdlbkbfyj,bc

VTLBWBYBC CNFNBCNBRF

HF RKFDC {FK{C0.dtkfpt ufdhwtkt,ek vbptp-sf ijhbc $$ gjpbwbff xfvjs-dkbkb5 ! 8 uekbc lffdflt,t,b+vfs ijhbc7 vbjrfhlbc byafh-mnb‘9 @8 f{fkofhvjyfmvyt,b +vfsijhbc rb,j‘9 #8 wtht,hjdfcre-kfhekb lffdflt,t,b +hjvkt-,bw sfdbc ndbybc veifj,bc fi-kbkj,t,c7 vfs ijhbc ndbybcbyafhmnc erfdibhlt,f‘9 $8 uf-htit afmnjht,b9 %8 ythdekb cbc-ntvbc lffdflt,t,b9 ^8 cb,tht9 *8cfzvkbc vjytkt,bc cbcntvbc jh-ufyjsf lffdflt,t,b +vfs ijhbcqdb&kbc cytekt,t,b7 o.kekb‘9(8 ceysmdbc jhufyjsf lffdflt-,t,b +vfs ijhbc gytdvjybf7 vodf-dt ,hjymbnb7 uhbgb‘9 )8 fkrj?j-kbs ufvjodtekb lffdflt,t,b+vfs ijhbc vjofvdkt,b‘9 !_ 8vrdktkj,t,b9 !!8 ifmhbfyb lbf,t-nb9 !@8 cbrdlbkb lfelutytkb vb-ptpbs9 !#8 sfdbc nhfdvt,b 9 !$8sdbsvrdktkj,t,b9 !%8 e,tlehbitvs{dtdt,b nhfycgjhnpt9 !^8bveyjltabwbnb9 !* cfifhlt upt-,bc lffdflt,t,b9 !(8 acbmbrehbfikbkj,t,b9 !)8 /bgthnjybf9 @_8cfrdt,bs vjofvdkf9 @!8 ne,thre-kjpb9 @@8 cbwbdt9 @#8 lfwtvf +vfsijhbc7 cojh flubkfc‘9 @$8 itv-s{dtdbs ufueldf9 @%8 ,eyt,hbd{dhtkt,ib ew{j c{tekt,bc vj-{dtlhf9 @^8 yt,bcvbthb c{df e,t-lehb itvs{dtdf9 @*8 itvs{dtdbslf{hxj,f9 @(8 yfhrjnbrt,bc vj{-vfht,fcsfy lfrfdibht,ekb cbr-dlbkbfyj,f9 @)8 {fy&fhb9 #_8 yfh-rjnbrt,bs vjofvdkf9 #!8 sthve-kb lf mbvbehb lfvodhj,t,b9 #@8/tgfnbnb9 ##8 vjekjlytkb cbr-dlbkb9 #$8 vfnfht,tkib vj.j-kf9 #%8 ctacbcb9 #^8 vrehyfkj,bcflf jgthfwbbc itvlujvb ufhse-kt,t,b9 #^8 jgthfwbbc lhjc lfitvlujvb vrehyfkj,bcfc ufh-sekt,t,b9 #*8 xdbkbc etwfhbcbrdlbkbc cbylhjvb9 #(8 yfokf-dehb byatmwbt,b9 #)8 lfeybc cby-lhjvb +lf c{df mhjvjcjvehbfyjvfkbt,b‘9 $_8 dbhecekb ty-wtafkbnb9 $!8 fdbf 2 fy rjcvjce-hb rfnfcnhjaf9 $@8 nthfmnb9 $#8cfv{tlhj vjmvtlt,t,b9 $$8 cbab-kbcb8

vjfvpflfLFKB {EYLF&TV

VJ&HFJ,F CBWJW{KTF=W{JDHT,BC v]ljvfht ybhb sfdbc ndbyc

fpbfyt,c 2 tcff fvthbrtk abpbjkjusf dfhf-elb8

abpbrehb fmnbdj,bc ltabwbnb sfdbcndbybc fhtib wdkbkt,t,c erfdibhlt,f7hjvkt,bw vt{cbtht,bcf lf cofdkt,bc xf-vj.fkb,t,fib cfrdfy&j hjkc fchekt,ty8

vrdktdfht,vf $%-*% okbc fcfrbcvj{fkbctsf abpbrehb fmnbdj,bc ljyt it-fvjovtc8 ufhlf fvbcf7 vfs vfuybnj-htpj-yfycekb njvjuhfabfw xfenfhtc8 lfluby-lf7 hjv bvfs7 dbyw vstkb lqbc vfy&bkpteahj vtn{fyc pbc7 cfatsmkbc vtlbfke-hb yfobkb eahj s{tkb fmdc8 itvlujvb abpbrehb fmnbdj,f rb fv efh.j-absb itltubc rjvgtycbht,fc dtqfh f{ltyc8

;FVB LFCDTYT,BCF LF;FVB VREHYFKJ,BCF

OKBC vfy&bkpt .jdtkflfvbfyc tythutnbrekbvjpqdfdt,bc ufhrdtekbgthbjlt,b fmdc8 fv lhjcbub sfdc erts uh&yj,c7 uf-wbkt,bs sfdlf]tht,e-kbf7 rfhuflfw ufvjb.eht-,f7 &fksf vjpqdfdt,fc uf-ybwlbc lf cytekt,t,cfwerts thtdf8

tythutnbrek &fksflfmdtbst,bc lhjc rbrfwc sbsmjc &fkf twkt-,f7 .dtkfahbcflvb fgf-sbehb {lt,f8 fv lhjcev]j,tcbf fmnbehb vj-qdfotj,bc lhjt,bs it-o.dtnf lf ]fyvhstkj-,bcsdbc vtnb .ehflqt-,bc vbmwtdf8

lfbvf{cjdhts5 tythutnbrek &fksf vjpqdfdt,bc gthbjlb lf,flt,blfy cfvbsdt uh&tklt,f7 vjvltdyj cfvb sdt rb tythutnbrek &fksf lfmdtbst,bc lhjf7hjvtkcfw rdkfd cfvsdbfyb fqvfdkj,f vj/.dt,f lf fctsb vjyfwdktj,f okbc,jkjvlt uh&tklt,f8

ufhlf fvbcf7 rjyrhtnekb gbhbcsdbc lfcfcdtyt,kfl cfertstcj lhjf lf-,flt,bc lqblfy vt{est sdt9 cfvtlbwbyj ufvjrdktdt,bcsdbc 2 vttmdct sdt9cfvrehyfkj ghjwtlehbcsdbc rb 2 vtsthsvtnt sdt8

Page 16: VBQVF J}F[EHB RKFYBF0= · tdhjgbcrty ufqt,ekb afy]fhf hjujh vb[ehf sfdbc lhjpt utybjcvf vothfkvf ljcnjtdcrbv48 vjlbs7 thsfl dbptbvjs afibpvpt ufvfh]dt,f lf thsfl lfduvjs vbcb fqjh&byt,f=

16

1 ((8 IF,FSB-RDBHF7 $-% VFBCB7 @_!) OTKB8GFYJHFVF

LFUDBHTRTS7 VJUDOTHTS5

NTK5 @)^-*@-(^7

%))-*)-*^-*)7 %^(-(@-_)-($

TK8 AJCNF5 s akre sp@ma i l . rul f sak re [email protected] e

EW[JEHB DFKENBC REHCB5

FII LJKFHB - 2.7051; TDHJ 2 3.0292;,HBNFYEKB UBHDFYMF CNTHKBYUB 2 3.5293;!__ HE,KB - 4.14439 SEHMEKB KBHF - 0.4533;FPTH,FB}FYEKB VFYFSB 2 1.59599!___ CJV[EHB LHFVB - 5.6368.

FVBYLB 4 VFBCBCSDBCFQVJCFDKTSB CFMFHSDTKJ5

,FHB 2 QFVT +9, LQT +22VSBFYB HFBJYT,B 2 QFVT +3, LQT +16LFCFDKTSB CFMFHSDTKJ5

,FHB 2 QFVT +8 LQT +19VSBFYB HFBJYT,B 2 QFVT +4, LQT +16S,BKBCB5 QFVT +11, LQT +19

S A K A R T V E L O S R E S P U B L I K A

vsfdfhb htlfmnjhb

CGFH N FR MJ ,E KBF

%)) #^-__-#%

gfce[bcvut,tkb htlfmnjht,b5

UEHFV UJUB FIDBK B%)) %#-*^-!^ 9

FK T RJFCK FYB ID B K B%)) %^-(!-(^9

gfce[bcvut,tkb vlbdfyb

VFVERF DFIFRB &T

%!$ ##-##-@$

F8 XBMJ,FDFC +>JABKBCF,ZJC` M EXF 142/5

NTK5 @)^-*@-(^

UFVJVWTVKT,B5igc 3f[fkb cfereyt 2

ufpts 3cfmfhsdtkjchtcge,kbrbc4 ufvjvwtvtkb4

%)) %#-*^-!^ 9 %)) #^-__-#%igc 3sfyflujvf -!-ufpts

3cfmfhsdtkjc htcge,kbrbc4

ufvjvwtvtkb4

n5 %)) *)-*^-*)

b,tzlt,f ufvjvwtvkj,f

3RJKJH GHTCIB4hrbybupbc xb[b 1@_

uac(efr)070.4(479.22)c_323

FDNJHSFCF>EHFLQT,JL=

HTLFMWBBC VBTHITERDTSFDB VFCFKT,B

LFB,TZLT,FFDNJHSF [FH]BS8

FDNJHSF VJCFPHT,T-,B7 ITCF&KJF7 VELFV

FH TVS[DTJLTCHTLFMWBBC GJPBWBFC8AFMNT,BC CBPECNTPT

GFCE[C FUT,TY

FDNJHT,B8

3CFMFHSDTKJCHTCGE,KBRF4ITYB UFPTSBF7FEWBKT,KFL

UFVJBOTHT7 HFCFWFM OFBRBS{FD7

C{DFUFY DTH YF{FD=

ufyfsfdcts htrkfvf .dtkfpt cfzbhj lf cfyljufptsib lf fvbs {tkb iteo.dts !__ okbc .jdtk-lqbehb ufvjwtvbc fqjh&byt,fc8

ud]thf7 htlfmwbbc vbvfhsdfc ufvjt{vfeht,bfy xdt-yb ,bpytcvty-mdtkvjmvtlybw lf ufhrdtek abyfycehlf{vfht,fc ufeotdty ufptsc8

xdtyb fyufhbibf5 1GE19TB7601536020100009. +igc 3f[fkb cfereyt4 2 ufpts 3cfmfhsdtkjc

htcge,kbrbc4 ufvjvwtvtkb`8

VJUVFHSFDS UFPTSBCVPHEYDTKSF

CF,ZJC CF[TKBS

LHJYB }FYVHSTKJ,BCCFVCF[EHIB

FII-IB egbkjnj cfahty fgfhfnc tylyty lf nhfycgkfynfwb-bcsdbc cfzbhj flfvbfybc jhufyjt,b uflfbnfytc8 lhjyvf sbhrvt-kbc nhfycgjhnbht,f ofhvfnt,bs ufyf[jhwbtkf8 tmcgthnt,bc it-afct,bs7 flfvbfybc jhufyjt,bc lhjybs uflfnfyf .dtkfpt cohf-ab lf tatmnehb upff vfssdbc7 dbcfw tc jhufyjt,b tcfzbhjt,f8

gfwbtynb $$ okbc mfkb b.j7 mfkfm ,fknbvjhblfy7 hjvt-kbw sbhrvtkc ( otkb tkjlf8 UNOS-ib7 hjvtkbw flfvbf-ybc jhufyjt,bc uflfythudfc fhtuekbht,c7 ufyvfhnfdty7 hjvegbkjnj cfahtyb cfiefkt,t,bs jhufyjt,bc nhfycgjhnb-ht,f vfkt lfhtuekbhlt,f7 hflufyfw fvbc cfzbhjt,f fhct-,j,c8 @_!( okbc vjyfwtvt,bs7 jhufyjsf uflfythudbc cbfib!!$ fsfcb flfvbfyb b.j7 cfblfyfw !7%~ ljyjht,bc ufhtit lfhxfkj]bcnbrfcsfy lfrfdibht,ekb ghj,ktvt,bc ufvj7 [jkj$~-bc itvs[dtdfib nhfycgkfynfwbbcfsdbc cfzbhj jhufyj-t,bc vbojlt,fv @ lf vtnb cffsbs lffudbfyf8

flfvbfybc jhufyjt,bc nhfycgjhnbht,bcsdbc cgtwbfkehblhjyt,b bmyt,f ufvj.tyt,ekb7 hjvtkcfw vtnb ndbhsbs ea-

hj vtnb vfy&bkbc lf-afhdf itb&kt,f8 lhj-yb fqzehdbkb bmyt,frfvtht,bs lf ef[ktcbGPS-c cbcntvt,bs8

vtnb ecfahs[jt,bc-sdbc7 lhjyc ndbhssfythsfl evfuht,ty gfhf-iencfw7 se rb ndbhsblhjyc vjo.lt,f7 vfibyvbc ecfahs[j lfidt,fcgfhfienb epheydtk-.jac8

S,BKBCBCOBUYBC

ATCNBDFKBLF ABYEHB

KBNTHFNEHF@_!) OKBC s,bkbcbc obuybc

\\6 cfthsfijhbcj atcnbdfkbcajrec mdt.fyf abytsb bmyt,f8 aj-rec mdt.ybc ghjuhfvf ufy[jhwb-tklt,f vcjakbjc ths-thsb .dtkfpt ofhvfnt,ekb kbnthfne-hekb jhufybpfwbbc7 abyehb kbnthfnehbc ufydbsfht,bc ajyl3abkbc4 +FILI-Finnish Literature Exchange‘ jhufybpt,bs8

@_!$ otkc ahfyraehnbc obuybc ,fphj,bc cfgfnbj cne-vfhb mdt.ybc ghjtmnb 2 3Finnland. Cool.4 2 cojhtl 3abkbc4[tkv&qdfytkj,bs ufy[jhwbtklf lf abytsb ahfyraehnbcobuybc ,fphj,bc bcnjhbfib lqtvlt ths-ths .dtkfpt ofh-vfnt,ek cfgfnbj cnevfh mdt.yfl bsdkt,f8 @_!) otkc7 fq-ybiekb ghjtmnbc % okbcsfdpt abyehb kbnthfnehbc ufy-dbsfht,bc ajylc lfutuvkb fmdc qjybc&bt,t,bc cthbf ckj-ufybs - 3xfe.fht cf&bhrdtkb vjvfdfkc48 cojhtl fv qj-ybc&bt,t,bc cthbbc afhukt,ib ufy[jhwbtklt,f s,bkbcbcobuybc \\6 cfthsfijhbcj atcnbdfkbc ajrec mdt.ybc ghj-tmnbw8

#_ vfbcblfy @ bdybcbc xfsdkbs7 s,bkbcbc obuybc cfthsf-ijhbcj atcnbdfkbc cgtwbfkehb cnevht,b bmyt,bfy abyt-kb vothkt,b5 /tyhbr vtbyfylthb7 hjpf kbmcjvb7 kbylf ,ey-ltcnfvb8

atcnbdfkbc afhukt,ib abytkb fdnjht,b ufvfhsfdty it[-dtlht,cf lf gfytk lbcrecbt,c mfhsdtk vothkt,sfy thsfl8

abytsbc7 hjujhw s,bkbcbc obuybc cfthsfijhbcj atc-nbdfkbc ajrec mdt.ybc ghjtmnbc afhukt,ib s,bkbcc fct-dt todtdf thsb-thsb .dtkfpt wyj,bkb abyeh-idtlehb uf-vjvwtvkj,bc Forlaget [tkv&qdfytkb ahtlhbr hf/rf7 hjvt-kbw uf[kfds cfmfhsdtkjib rfhufl wyj,bkb cf,fdidj voth-kbc nedt bfycjybc ufvjvwtvtkb lf 3vevby xthbmsthpbc4+Moomin Characters‘ cfufvjvwtvkj lbhtmnjhb8 atcnbdfkbcafhukt,ib ahtlhbr hf/rf ufvfhsfdc it[dtlhfc7 cflfw bcf-e,ht,c nedt bfycjybcf lf 3vevbyt,bc4 sfduflfcfdkbcf lf ofh-vfnt,bc itcf[t,8

fmdt7 ufwyj,t,s7 hjv erdt wyj,bkbf @_@_ okbc7 s,bkb-cbc obuybc \\66 cfthsfijhbcj atcnbdfkbc ajrec mdt.fyfw- fv cnfnecc sehmtsb @ bdybcc7 oktdfyltkb atcnbdfkbc lfc-rdybs lqtc7 abytsbcufy cfptbvjl xfb,fht,c8

MFHSEKB CFAJCNJVFHRF !__ OKBCFF

CFMFHSDTKJC thjdyekvf ,fy-rvf gbhdtkb mfhsekb thjdyekbcfajcnj vfhrbc ufvjidt,bc !__okbc cfbe,bktj sfhbqbc fqcfybi-yfdfl % kfhbc yjvbyfkbc dthw[kbccfrjktmwbj vjytnf ufvjeidf8

!)!) okbc @^ vfbcc7 cfmfhsdt-kjc ltvjrhfnbekb htcge,-kbrbc lffhct,bc gbhdtkbokbcsfdbc fqcfybiyfdfl7 vb-vjmwtdfib ufvjdblf gbhdtkbmfhsekb thjdyekb cfajcnj vfhrf !_ rfgtbrbc yjvbyfkbs8

vjytnf gjkjytsbc pfhfa[fyfib vjbzhf7 vbcb cfhtfkbpfwbjafcb )_ kfhbf lf uf.bldf @_!) okbc ^ vfbcblfy lfbo.t,f8

CFMFHSDTKJC AJCNBCIT&TYF 3CFMFHSDTKJC

,FYRCF4 LF3SB,BCB ,FYRC4 CEHS

CFMFHSDTKJC ajcnbc it&tyf 3sb,bcb ,fyrcf4 lf 3cfmfhsdtkjc,fyrc4 cehs8 fqybiyekbc itcf[t, byajhvfwbfc !tv cfmfhsdtkjcajcnbc utythfkeh lbhtmnjhpt ktdfy xbrdfb&tpt lf.hlyj,bs fd-hwtkt,c8

3.bldbs lfbynthtct,ekb rjvgfybt,b fhbfy flubkj,hbdb cf-,fyrj ctmnjhbc ofhvjvflutykt,b8 vfssfy cnhfntubek gfh-nybjhj,fptw dveifj,s gbhdtk tnfgpt7 hjvtkvfw itcf&kjf7lffcohjc ghbdfnbpt,bc ghjwtcc8 tc uf[kfds5 hfvltybvt ew[j-ehb7 tktmnhjyekb rjvthwbbs lfrfdt,ekb rjvgfybf7 fctdt jhb

lblb abyfycehb bycnb-nenb7 hjvtkbw ]ueae-hfl ufyb[bkfdc hfvlt-ybvt thjdyekb jgthf-njhbc ghbdfnbpt,fc 83cfmfhsdtkjc ,fyrbw4lfbynthtct,ekbf7 3sb-,bcb ,fyrbw4 lfbyntht-ct,ekbf8 3sb,bcb ,fyr-sfy4 dveifj,s cnhfnt-ubek sfyfvihjvkj,f-pt lf dtwlt,bs7 hjv lf-dfbynthtcjs cf,jkjj

ghbdfnbpt,bsfw47 2 fqybiyf xbrdfb&tv8hfw itt[t,f cf[tkvobaj rjvgfybbc ufc[dbct,bc dflfc7 xbr-

dfb&bc smvbs7 tc felbnptf lfvjrblt,ekb7 hjvtkbw fmnb-dbc cf,fphj qbht,ekt,fc lfflutyc8