2DA GUÍA DE INGLÉS BÁSICO

8/13/2019 2DA GUÍA DE INGLÉS BÁSICO

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2DA GUÍA DE INGLÉS BÁSICO. Explicación en inglés con ee!cicios NUE"A GUÍA DE #E$ASO DE INGLÉS BÁSICO.LO %UE SE DEBE SABE# &AS'A ()O BÁSICO**Incl+,e ee!cicios*

Departamento de Inglés

#E"IE- O CON'EN'S

O/ec0i1es '3e s0+4en0s 5+s0 /e a/le 0o !e5e5/e! so5e /asic 6no7le4ges0+4ie4 4+!ing 03ei! sc3ool pe!io4 an4 appl, i0 4+!ing 03e ,ea!.

8.9 $#ONOUNS

A p!ono+n is a word that takes the place of a common noun or a proper noun. There

are different kinds of pronouns.The words I, ,o+, 3e, s3e, i0, 7e and 03e, are called pe!sonal p!ono+ns. They takethe place of nouns and are used as the s+/ec0 of the verb in a sentence.

The s+/ec0 of a sentence is the person, animal, place or thing that does the actionshown by the verb.

Personal Pronouns

y name is Da1i4. I am the youngest in the family.This is 5, :a03e! . &e is a teacher.This is 5, 5o03e! . S3e is a lawyer.I have a /!o03e! and 07o sis0e!s.'3e, are Peter, !haron and "enny.I have a 4og. I0 is called #ucky.L+c6,, ,o+ are a good dog.$ood morning, c3il4!en% ;o+ may sit down now.), :a5il, an4 I live in a big city. -e have an apartment.

The words 5e, ,o+, 3i5, 3e! , i0, +s and 03e5 are also personal pronouns. They alsotake the place of nouns.These pronouns are used as the o/ec0 of the verb in a sentence.

I am standing on my head. #ook at 5e.), 5o03e! is kind. &verybody likes 3e! .Lisa, I told ,o+ to tidy your bed%S3a!on an4 <enn,% Dad is waiting for ,o+%L+c6, an4 I are playing in the park. Dad is watching +s.

;o+ must not play with 03e 6ni:e. $ive i0 to 5e.Pick up ,o+! 0o,s and put 03e5 away.

Ba/, /i!4s cannot fly.

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other bird has to feed 03e5.

'o5 likes riding 5, /ic,cle.I sometimes lend i0 to 3i5.

There are three groups of pronouns' :i!s0 pe!son, secon4 pe!son and 03i!4 pe!son.The pe!son spea6ing is called the :i!s0 pe!son.The first(person pronouns are I or 5e )in the singular* and 7e or +s )in the plural*.The pe!son spo6en 0o is called the secon4 pe!son. The second(person pronoun is,o+ )in both singular and plural*.The pe!son )or ani5al, or 03ing* spo6en a/o+0 is called the 03i!4 pe!son. The third(person pronouns are 3e or 3i5, s3e or 3e! , and i0 )in the singular*, and 03e, or 03e5)in the plural*.The word I is always spelled with a capital letter.The pronoun 3e is used for men and boys, s3e for women and girls, and i0 for thingsand animals.+ere is a table to help you.

S+/ec0 O/ec0

i!s0 pe!son sing+la! I meSecon4 pe!son sing+la! you you'3i!4 pe!son sing+la! he him, she her, it iti!s0 pe!son pl+!al we usSecon4 pe!son pl+!al you you'3i!4 pe!son pl+!al they them

IN'E##OGA'I"E $#ONOUNS

The words 73o, 73o5, 73ose, 73a0 and 73ic3 are called interrogative pronouns.These pronouns are used to ask -uestions.

-3o-3o is he talking to-3o are those people

-3o5-3o5 are you playing with-3o5 is he talking to

-3a0-3a0 is your dog/s name-3a0 are you talking about-3a0 is the time

-3ic3-3ic3 of these bags is yours-3ic3 do you prefer



-3ose-3ose is this umbrella-3ose are these gloves

#ELE=I"E $#ONOUNS

The words 5,sel: , ,o+!sel: , 3i5sel: , 3e!sel: , i0sel: , o+!sel1es, ,o+!sel1es and03e5sel1es are called !e:lexi1e p!ono+ns.They refer to the person or animal that is the sub0ect of the verb.

1efle2ive Pronouns

I made this cake 5,sel: .3e careful with the knife. ;o+/ll cut ,o+!sel: .)ic3ael is looking at 3i5sel: in the mirror.S+san has hurt 3e!sel: .4ur ca0 washes i0sel: after each meal.-e organi5ed the party all by o+!sel1es.6ome in, c3il4!en, and find ,o+!sel1es a seat.Ba/, /i!4s are too young to look after 03e5sel1es.

Sing+la! $l+!ali!s0 pe!son )I,me* myself )we,us* ourselves

Secon4 pe!son )you* yourself )you* yourselves'3i!4 pe!son )he, him* himself )they, them*themselves

)she, her* herself )they, them* themselves)it* itself )they, them* themselves

DE)ONS'#A'I"E $#ONOUNS

The words 03is, 03ese, 03a0 and 03ose are called 4e5ons0!a0i1e p!ono+ns. They are

showing words.

'3a0 is "ohn/s house.'3a0 is a mountain.'3ose are horses.7hat are 03ose7e can do better than 03a0.8o, 03a0/s not mine.'3a0/s ama5ing%



+ello, who is 03a0 speaking, please+ello, is 03a0 you, $eorge

'3is is my house.'3is is a hill.'3ese are donkeys.7hat is 03isDid you drop 03is+i, "ane% '3is is ichael%

9ou use 03is and 03ese when you point to things nea! you.9ou use 03a0 and 03ose when you point to things :a!03e! a7a,.

Demonstrative pronouns can be singular or plural'Sing+la! $l+!althis thesethat those

&2ercise :D!a7 a line 0o oin eac3 o: 03e s+/ec0 p!ono+ns 0o 03e o/ec0 p!ono+n 03a05a0c3es.I ( he ( it ( she ( they ; you ( weus ( her ; you ; them ; me ; him ( it

&2ercise <ill in 03e /lan6s 7i03 03e co!!ec0 p!ono+ns.

:* Peter and I are brothers. ======= share a bedroomtogether.

<* !ue isn/t well. Dad is taking ======= to see a doctor.>* y brother is a teacher. ======= teaches &nglish.?* All his students like ======= very much.@* 6hildren, ======= are making too much noise%* 7ho are those people 7here are ======= fromB* om is a doctor. ======= works in a hospital.C* The sky is getting dark. ======= is going to rain.* "ohn, we are all waiting for =======. Are you coming with =======:E* ay ======= borrow your pen::* 9es, of course. 7hen can you return ======= to =======:<* 7hat are ======= reading, "enny

&2ercise >ill in 03e /lan6s 7i03 03e co!!ec0 !e:lexi1e p!ono+ns :!o5 03e /ox.

yourselves themselves itself myself himself yourself ourselves herself

:* 8o one can help us. 7e have to help ============.



<* "ane always makes the bed by ============.>* They painted the wall all by ============.?* I hurt ============ in the playground yesterday.@* "ohn, you must behave ========== before your friends.* 6hildren, you must do the homework ============.B* Tom defended ============ against the bullies.C* The dog is scratching ============.

&2ercise ?-!i0e 03e co!!ec0 in0e!!oga0i1e p!ono+ns in 03e /lan6s 0o co5ple0e 03esen0ences

: ======= is the matter with you< ======= invented the computer> ======= of the twins is older? ======= do you wish to speak to@ ======= is this car in front of our house

======= knows the answerB ======= came first, the chicken or the eggC ======= would you like to drink ======= of them do you think will win the race:E ======= is the word for a stamp collector

'&E SI)$LE $#ESEN' 'ENSE

The si5ple p!esen0 0ense e2presses a general truth or a customary action.

ary eno,s singing.

Peter sometimes len4s me his bike.6ows ea0 grass.onkeys li6e bananas.Tom collec0s stamps.The earth goes around the sun.It often sno7s in winter.7e always 7as3 our hands before meals.7e ea0 three meals a day.Father 0a6es the dog for a walk every morning.

&2ercise :

Un4e!line 03e 1e!/s in 03e :ollo7ing sen0ences.

: The children go to school by bus.< 3ats sleep during the day.> These toys belong to Gathy.? &very pupil has a good dictionary.@ Polar bears live at the 8orth Pole. ost children learn very fast.B r. Thomas teaches us science.



C The earth goes around the sun. 7e never cross the street without looking.:E any stores close on !unday.

&2ercise <ill in 03e /lan6s 7i03 03e si5ple p!esen0 0ense o: 03e 1e!/s in pa!en03eses.

: 7inter ======== after autumn. )come*< A dog ========. )bark*> 9ou ======== tired. )look*? &veryone ======== mistakes. )make*@ Ali ======== in a department store. )work* "udy ======== &nglish very well. )speak*B Tim/s knee ========. )hurt*C onkeys ======== bananas. )like* Gate always ======== sandwiches for lunch. )eat*:E +e ======== very fast. )type*

'&E $#ESEN' $#OG#ESSI"E >CON'INUOUS? 'ENSE

7hen do you use the p!esen0 p!og!essi1e 0ense To talk about actions in thepresent, or things that are still going on or happening now.

I/5 pla,ing chess with my friend.!he@s !i4ing a horse.+e@s 0a6ing a walk in the park.The man/s co+n0ing the money.They a!e p!ac0icing tai chi.

7e/!e !+s3ing to the airport to meet r. !mith.They a!e s0ill sleeping.They a!e s7i55ing in the sea.7hat a!e they 4oing7hat/s 3appening7hy a!en@0 you 4oing your homeworkA!en@0 I si00ing up straight

Form the present progressive tense like this'

am H present participle

is H present participleare H present participle

The p!esen0 pa!0iciple is the form of a verb ending with (ing. For e2ample'show H ing showingcome H ing coming

9ou have to double the last letter of some verbs before you add ( ing. For e2ample'get H ing ge00ing rob H ing ro//ing



nod H ing no44ing stop H ing stopping 0og H ing 0ogging swim H ing swi55ing

8otice that the verbs above are all s3o!0 1e!/s of 0ustone s,lla/le.

They all end with a consonan0 such as /, 4, g 5, p, 0 and have only one 1o7elbefore the consonant.

If a verb ends in e, you usually have to drop the e before you add (ing. For e2ample'chase H ing chasingcycle H ing cyclingdrive H ing drivingsmile H ing smiling

Jse the present progressive tense to talk about things you have planned to do, orthings that are going to happen in the future. To form the present progressive tense,

use a5,is and a!e as 3elping 1e!/s or a+xilia!, 1e!/s.

7e a!e going camping tomorrow.I@5 s0a!0ing piano lessons soon."im/s parents a!e 0a6ing him to Te2as ne2t week.y favorite TK program is s0a!0ing in a minute.

All our friends a!e co5ing.7ho@s /!inging salad for the barbecue I a5.I a5 1isi0ing "oe ne2t week.7here a!e you going for your vacation7hat a!e we ea0ing for dinner

&2ercise :-!i0e 03e p!esen0 pa!0iciple o: 03ese 1e!/s on 03e /lan6s.: come ============ B go ============ < run ============ C ask ============ > sleep ============ catch ============ ? fall ============ :E write ============ @ 0ump ============ :: drop ============ climb ============ :< bring ============

&2ercise <ill in 03e /lan6s 7i03 03e p!esen0 p!og!essi1e 0ense o: 03e1e!/s in pa!en03eses.: They ================ the roller(coaster ride. )en0oy*< "ill ================ her hair. )wash*> It ================ dark. )get*? The dentist ================ !ue/s teeth. )e2amine*@ The train ================ through the tunnel. )pass* The men =============== very hard in the sun. )work*



B 7hat ========= the theater ========= today )show*C 7e ================ a snowman. )make* The plane ================ above the clouds. )fly*:E The teachers ================ a meeting. )have*

'&E $AS' SI)$LE 'ENSE

Jse the si5ple pas0 0ense to talk about things that happened in the past. The simplepast tense is also used to talk about things that happened in stories.

I /o+g30 a new camera last week."oe lea!ne4 to play the guitar very -uickly.7e 4!o1e to the safari park last weekend.The giant panda ga1e birth to a cub last night.9esterday Dad 0oo6 me to the carnival.The plane lan4e4 a few minutes ago.The children 1isi0e4 a farm during the holidays.

7ho in1en0e4 the computer"ack and "ill 7en0 up the hill.#ittle 1ed 1iding +ood 4eci4e4 to visit her grandmother.The Three 3ears :o+n4 $oldilocks asleep in their house.

#EGULA# AND I##EGULA# "E#BS

The simple past tense of most verbs ends in (e4. These verbs are called !eg+la!1e!/s.

om opene4 the door for us.!ally pe00e4 the dog.That event 3appene4 long ago.7e 1isi0e4 our uncle last week.They 7al6e4 to school together yesterday.They 7o!6e4 until twelve last night.Dad 0!ie4 to fi2 the light.7illiam Tell ai5e4 at the apple on his son/s head.

3ase Form !imple Pastaim aimed

bake bakedopen openedhappen happenedpull pulledpush pushedscold scoldedshout shoutedvisit visitedwait waited



walk walkedwork worked

The si5ple pas0 0ense is usually formed by adding ;e4 to the verb. For e2ample'

0ump H ed 0umped lift H ed liftedlaugh H ed laughed look H ed looked

If the verb ends with (e, 0ust add (4. For e2ample'

agree H d agreed hate H d hateddie H d died live H d lived

1emember these spelling rules'9ou must double the last letter of some verbs before adding (e4. For e2ample'

fan H ed fanned pat H ed pa00edgrab H ed gra//ed rip H ed rippednod H ed no44ed slam H ed sla55ed

8otice that the verbs above are all s3o!0 1e!/s of 0ust one s,lla/le. They all end witha consonan0 such as /, 4, 5, n, p, 0, and have only a single 1o7el before theconsonant.

7ith verbs that end in (,, change the , to i before adding (e4. For e2ample'

bury H ed buried fry H ed fried

carry H ed carried hurry H ed hurriedcry H ed cried try H ed tried

The simple past form of some verbs does not end in (e4.!uch verbs are called i!!eg+la! 1e!/s.The simple past tense of some irregular verbs does not change at all.

+e 3i0 the ball over the net.Dad !ea4 to us last night.+e s3+0 the door.I p+0 some sugar in my

coffee.

3ase Form !imple Pastbeat beatburst burstcost costcut cuthit hithurt hurt



put putread readsplit splitshut shut

ost irregular verbs, however, take a different form in the simple past tense.

I los0 my pen on the bus.7e sol4 our car last week.The baby slep0 right thought the night.Peter go0 a watch for his birthday.I 3ea!4 a noise in the night.+e /!o+g30 his pet mouse to school.y book :ell off the desk.

3ase Form !imple Pastbend bent

break brokebring broughtbuy boughtfall fellfly flewget gothear heardkeep keptlose lostsell soldshoot shotsleep slept

&2ercise :-!i0e 03e si5ple pas0 0ense o: 03ese 1e!/s on 03e /lan6s.

: take ============ B tell ============ < walk ============ C write ============ > rain ============ sit ============ ? shut ============ :E read ============ @ open ============ :: close ============ cry ============ :< cook ============

&2ercise <ill in 03e /lan6s 7i03 03e co!!ec0 si5ple pas0 0ense o: 03e 1e!/s in pa!en03eses.

: !he =========== home alone. )go*< The wind =========== throughout the night. )blow*> An apple =========== on his head. )drop*? The Princess/s ball =========== into the well. )roll*@ A frog ========== into the well and =========== itback to her. )0umpbring*



"ack =========== the highest grade in his &nglishclass. )get*B The party =========== at C'EE P.. )begin*C +e ========== his old car and ========== a newone. )sellbuy* "ack =========== up the ladder carefully. )climb*:E 7ho =========== all the windows )shut*

GUÍA $AS' CON'INUOUS. E=$LICACIN ; E<E#CICIOS. )$uLa reali5ada por profesora practicante 6atalina acaya*

$AS' CON'INUOUS

8ame' ====================================== 6lasswork' ===

REMINDER!

A Uncle Harry stood up.B Dorothy was going up and up.The sentences above show actions in the past, but they use differenttenses. We use the Simple Past tense sentences A! when the actionstarted and finished in the past. "n sentences B we use the Past#ontinuous tense to indicate that the action was continuous.

$%amples&

I. #omplete the sentences. Use Past Simple and Past #ontinuous.'! "t was raining rain! when we went out go out!.(! " )))))).. open! the window because it was hot.*! When " got to the office, +na and Pedro )))))) work !.! The phone))))). ring! while Susana)))))..cook ! dinner.-! " )))))).. hear! a noise, so "))))))..look ! out of the window.

Past tense

• +unt $m dropped herwor and came to thedoor.

• Dorothy lied in themiddle of the great/ansas prairies.

• Toto umped out of

Dorothy0s arms.

Past continuous

• +unt $m was washing thedishes.

• Uncle Henry was sitting on the doorstep.

• Dorothy was standing onthe door with Toto in herarms.

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1! Tom2s)))))) look ! out of the window when the accident))))))happen!.

II . Use the prompts to write sentences in the Past #ontinuous tense. Page -3, e%ercise '(!

a" 4elinda 5 sit 5 armchair 5 watch 5 T6

77777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777

#" 8lenn 5 eat 5 sandwich 5 drin 5 mil

77777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777

c" The scouts 5 pacing 5their bacpacs 77777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777

III. 9ill in the gaps with the Past #ontinuous of the verbs in bracets.

a* The teacher 77777777777777777 tal! when :ario arrived.

b* The students 777777777777777777 play! when the bell rang.

c* ;uc<a 777777777777777777 do! her homewor when someone noced the door.

d* :arco0s parents 777777777777777777 write! him a letter when they heard a crash.

e* +na 77777777777777777777 sleep! when the alarm cloc rang.

f* They 777777777777777777777 watch! T6 when their parents arrived.

I$. +nswer these =uestions using past continuous. '. What were you doing at -pm last Sunday>

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))).

(. What was your mom doing at ?P: last night>

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))).

*. What was your sister doing at school last :onday>

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))).

. What was your family doing at @P: last Saturday>

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))).



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"IE#NES 2 DE )A;O DE 28

CUL'U#AL %UIFFES. #EADING CO)$#E&ENSION.

%&'(&RA' )&I**E+

Name,

-rade,

#ecties, (he students must #e a#le to,

+how comprehension while Reading a te/t.

%omplete a te/t giing to it meaningful sense.

Instructions:Read the following texts and complete them with the right words.

0ederico -arc1a 'orca

9ederico 8arc<a ;orca was born 77777777777777777777777777777 9uente 6a=ueros,8ranada 77777777777777777777777777777 the -th of Aune, '3?3 and died the '?th of+ugust,'?*1. His life spanned the years 77777777777777777777777777777 the Bear of Disaster and the Spanish #ivil War 77777777777777777777777777777 ultimately victimiCed him.He travelled 77777777777777777777777777777 Spain and +merica, principally+rgentina,living and writing some 77777777777777777777777777777 the most beautiful poetry everwritten.

;orcas poetry and plays combine elements 77777777777777777777777777777 +ndalusianfollorewith sophisticated and 77777777777777777777777777777 surrealistic poetic techni=ues,cut 77777777777777777777777777777 all social and educational barriers.His poetry has been translated 77777777777777777777777777777 a doCen languages.+ugust '?, '?*1, 9alangist soldiers dragged 77777777777777777777777777777 Spanish poetand playwright 9ederico 8arcia ;orca 77777777777777777777777777777 a field, shot him

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and tossed his body into 77777777777777777777777777777 unmared grave.. 9rancos government tried 77777777777777777777777777777 obliterate ;orcas memoryHis boos were prohibited, 77777777777777777777777777777 name forbidden but he=uicly becamean almost mythical figure, a symbol of all the victims 77777777777777777777777777777

political oppression.

+arah an indigenous Australian.

(a can do Team interview. March 2000)

" grew up in an aboriginal community called PomporalE which is in the 8olf of #arpentaria. "twas very isolated F :uch more isolated than living in a town. We had running water but therewasnt a proper sewage system. Housing and overcrowding were the worst problems. 4utnutrition was not much better. We had one shop F was called a store F but we didnt have freshveggies and that sort of thing. We had more fish than meat because Pomporal is right on the

ocean.

:y father is a white +ustralian from Tasmania. He sent me away to a boarding school whichhe thought was the best in the southern part of +ustralia. " was lucier than my friends because,unfortunately in the aboriginal community, a lot of ids are illiterate.The boarding school was mi%ed, with lots of different ids F most of them from even moreisolated regions than mine. F + lot of farming children and international ids. "t was anadGustment. " used to be really embarrassed to tell people where " was from because it wasntconsidered as civiliCed as most other places.

Then " left school and too charge of my own life and travelled. " went and lived in Sydney andlived in Perth and orthern territory and then " paced up and bacpaced around the world.That made me realiCe " was lucy& " belong to two worlds F " am a bit of a 4ush girl ... but " alsolove to have caviar and champagne.

"ve got a longFterm goal& :y greatest desire is to study medicine and be a doctor. +s " Gust toldyou, the basic living conditions are terrible in indigenous communities F no better than in mostThirdFWorld countries. " want to help change that. "d love to be a flying doctor. +s a id, weused to watch when there was an emergency in the community F you now a pregnancy or anaccident or whatever. The planes would land on the grass airstrips and they would tae the person away in no time. "m most interested in ThirdFWorld medicine. Ine of my biggest andmost consuming passions is bush medicines. Bou now, with my western nowledge, "d reallylie to bring bac the natural remedies that our indigenous people have used for so many years.

Some of them are Gust as good as our modern chemical medicines.

This is what "d love to doJ " now " will do it.

)uestions,



2" In which countr3 did +arah grow up4 555555555555555555

6 7(asmania

6 7Australia

6 7-reat Britain

8" 9hat was +arah:s food4 555555555555555555

6 7lots of meat

6 7+ome fish

6 7lots of eggies

;" 9here is Pomporal situated4 555555555555555555

6 7n the ocean

6 7In the desert

6 7In the middle of Australia

<" Is +arah:s father an a#origine4 555555555555555555

6 7No

6 7=es6 7not mentioned

>" 9hat sort of school did she go to4 555555555555555555

6 7A medicine school.

6 7A #oarding school

6 7An a#origine school

?" 9as that school located near the place where she grew up4 555555555555555555

6 7=es

6 7not mentioned

6 7No

@" 9h3 did she sa3 she was luckier than her friends4 Because 555555555555555555

6 7she wasn:t illiterate

6 7er father came each week

6 7+he wasn:t a farming kid

" 9hen she took charge of her own life where did she lie first4 555555555555555555

6 7in +3dne3

6 7in Perth

6 7in Northern territor3

C" 9hat is her greatest desire4 555555555555555555 6 7(o #e a law3er

6 7(o #e a doctor

6 7(o #e a nurse

2" Are some natural remedies good medicine4 555555555555555555

6 7=es

6 7No

6 7not mentioned.



+ntarctica8eography& +ntarctica is the icy continent at the South Pole. "t is covered by permafrostpermanently froCen ground!, is surrounded by water, and is about ' '5( times larger thanthe United States. The worlds largest desert is on +ntarctica. ?3 percent of the land iscovered with a continental ice sheetE the remaining ( percent of land is barren roc.

+ntarctica has about 3@K of the worlds ice.#limate& The South Pole is the coldest, windiest, and driest place on $arth. The coldesttemperature ever recorded on $arth was at the South PoleE it reached F'(3.1L9 F33.ML#!JIn average, most of +ntarctica gets less than ( inches of snow fall each year.People& +lthough scientific e%peditions visit +ntarctica, there are no permanent humanresidents because of the e%treme weather, which includes freeCing temperatures, strongwinds, and bliCCards!. There are about ,MMM seasonal visitors to +ntarctica.;ocation& +ntarctica hasnt always been located at the South Pole. "t has drifted, lie theother continents, and has ranged in location from the $=uator during the #ambrian period,about -MM million years ago! to the South Pole. During the time of the dinosaurs the:eCosoic $ra about 1- million to (3 million years ago!, +ntarctica was more temperate

and home to dinosaurs and many other life forms. ow, there is very little indigenous life.$%ercice & +nswer full sentences &$% & "s +ntartica a hot continent > o, +ntarctica is an "cy #ontinent.



Nuestions&

'M. Has +ntarctica always been located at the South Pole > 77777777777777777777777777777 '. How was the weather in +ntarctica during the time of the dinosaurs >

77777777777777777777777777777 (. "s there some life in +ntarctica now > 77777777777777777777777777777 *. How many oceans can we see on the map, surrounding +ntarctica > 77777777777777777777777777777 . "s +ntarctica near orth +merica > 77777777777777777777777777777 -. Has +ntarctica ranged in location from the $=uator to the orth Pole > 77777777777777777777777777777 1. How many visitors are there to +ntarctica > 77777777777777777777777777777 @. +re there permanent human residents > 77777777777777777777777777777 3. Why are there no permanent human residents > 77777777777777777777777777777 ?. Does most of +ntartica get less than ( inches of snow fall each year > 77777777777777777777777777777

'3e 'a )a3al. In ::<, a prince called "ahan, met a pretty girl who was selling 0ewels in a market.umta5 ahal was nineteen years old and of Tatar origin. They fell in love and decided toget married.!i2teen years later, the prince became !hah "ahan, &mperor of India. As umta5 ahaldid not want to live like the other eastern women who were submissive and only lookedafter their children, she gave her husband advice about the administration of the country.!he showed great intelligence and determination when she chose to give more money tothe poor and less to the rich.Jnfortunately she died when giving birth to her fourteenth child in :>E. !tricken with grief,the !hah ordered the court to mourn for two years.+e wanted to abdicate but it was notpossible, as his children were too young to take his place as &mperor.In memory of his wife and as a token of his love, he erected a sort of temple on the bank ofthe "umma 1iver in Agra that he called the Ta0 ahal. !eventeen years later, themonument,built by twenty thousand workers, was finished. It became umta5 ahalNsresting place. +er tomb is situated in the middle of a room magnificently decorated with

0ewels, pearls, gold and silver, precious stones and rich carpets. The Ta0 ahal , with itsfour minarets and its si2ty(five meter high dome, is totally made of white marble , thecolour of which changes with the time of the day and the weather.

According to a legend, the !hah wanted to build another Ta0 ahal in black marble on theopposite side of the river but he did not have the time to erect it because his son took overhis throne. !o when he died, he was buried ne2t to his beloved umta5 ahal.



Nuestions&

'! The story taes place in 777777777777777777 O +ustraliaO "ndiaO "ndonesia

(! The main characters are 777777777777777777 O +ladin and AasmineO Aahan and :umtaCO Simba and alan

*! The prince met his wife in 777777777777777777 O '1M(

O '1((O '1'(

! She was 777777777777777777 when they met.O (M years oldO (' years oldO '? years old

-! She lived in a 777777777777777777 tribeO 8allicO 6iing

O Tartar

1! She was a very 777777777777777777 womanO sweet and calmO ind and happyO intelligent and determined

@! The prince became $mperor in 777777777777777777 O '1(3

O '1*MO '1'(

3! She fought in favour of 777777777777777777 O poor peopleO petsO the rich?! The Shah was stricen with grief because 777777777777777777



O his wife had diedO his wife wanted a divorceO his wife had met another man

'M! He decided that the court 777777777777777777.O would mournO would go on holidayO would have a party

''! They would do this for 777777777777777777 O ( daysO ( monthsO ( years

'(! He could not abdicate because 777777777777777777 O he refused to see his ministersO his children were too young to become $mperor

O he was too sad

'*! Then he decided to build 777777777777777777 O #hichQn "tCaO the Petra templeO the TaG :ahal

'! The monument was built 777777777777777777 O in +lgeriaO on the AummaO in +gra

'-! "t too 777777777777777777 to build it.O M monthsO @M yearsO '@ years

'1! 777777777777777777 people wored on the monumentO *1,MMMO (-,MMMO (M,MMM

'@! "t was made of 777777777777777777 O white marbleO white mudO white stone

'3! "t was decorated with 777777777777777777 O blue pearlsO precious stonesO iron



'?! "ts dome is 777777777777777777 highO @( metersO ** metersO 1- meters

(M! The Shah was buried with 777777777777777777 O his mother O his brother O his wife

The 3ermuda Triangle+t ( pm on - December '?-, five US bombers too off from 9ort ;auderlale in the US+ for atraining flight in perfect weather. Shortly afterwards, the pilots radioed that their flightinstruments were all malfunctioning. Two hours after taeFoff, all contact with the planes waslost. + reconnaissance plane was immediately dispatched to search for the missing planes.Within (M minutes, radio contact with it had also been lost. o trace of any of the planes wasever found. "n all, si% planes and (@ men had vanished into thin air.

The disappearance of the si% planes was far from being the first mysterious incident in the area&for years, navigational problems and strange magnetic forces had been reported. Thedisappearance was not even the greatest disaster within the triangle. The #yclops, a '?,MMMFtonUS ship was sailing from 4arbados to orfol, 6irginia. "n :arch '?'3, it vanished with itscrew of *M? from the surface of he ocean without maing a distress call and without theslightest wrecage ever being found.



The losses of boats and planes in that area defy e%planation. The disasters are the origin of anew phrase in the $nglish language R the 4ermuda Triangle and this phrase has entered legend.The 4ermuda Triangle has been called the Devils Triangle, the Triangle of Death, the8raveyard of the +tlantic. "t has swallowed up 'M ships and planes and more than ',MMM people. Today many airmen and sailors are still afraid of that area of the +tlantic Icean.



)uestions,

'! Where was 9ort ;auderlale located> 777777777777777777 O "n the U.S.+.O "n 8reat 4ritainO "n "reland

(! What disappeared on - December '?-> 777777777777777777 O Several US shipsO Several US planesO Several US trains

*! "t was the first incident in this area. 777777777777777777 O >O 9alse

O True

! What was the #yclops> 777777777777777777 O a big monster O an alienO a big ship

-! When did it disappear> 777777777777777777 O "n nineteen thirtyO "n nineteen twentyO "n nineteen eighteen

1! The ship was found in '?3-. 777777777777777777 O 9alseO >O True

@! What is the other name of the 4ermuda Triangle> 777777777777777777 O The Devils +reaO The Sea 8raveyardO The Triangle of Death

3! The 4ermuda Triangle is located in the +tlantic Icean. 777777777777777777 O 9alseO >O True

?! How many people have disappeared> 777777777777777777 O about one thousandO about one millionO about one hundred



'M! This legend is over. obody believes it anymore. 777777777777777777 O 9alseO True

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)ODAL "E#BS. )A; )IG&'

MA= MI-(

ame&7777777777777777777777777777777 8rade&7777777777777777777777777777777

IbGectives& The students must be able to&

• ecogniCe the difference between :+B and :"8HT.• +pply in conte%t the modal verbs :ay and :ight.

Might:ight is most commonly used to e%press possibility. "t is also often used in conditional sentences. $nglish speaers can also use might to mae suggestions or re=uests, althoughthis is less common in +merican $nglish.$%amples&• Bour purse might be in the living room. possibility

• "f " didnt have to wor, " might go with you. conditional

• Bou might visit the botanical gardens during your visit. suggestion

• Might " borrow your pen> request

USING H)IG&'H IN $#ESEN' $AS' AND U'U#E

ost modal verbs behave -uite irregularly in the past and the future. !tudy the chartbelow to learn how OmightO behaves in different conte2ts.

Modal UsePositive Forms1. = Present 2. = Past 3. = Future

Negative Forms1. = Present 2. = Past 3. =

Future

You canalso use:

might possibility

1. She might be on the bus. thin!her car is having "roblems.2. She might have ta!en the bus. #mnot sure ho$ she got to $or!.3. She might ta!e the bus to gethome. don#t thin! %ill $ill be able to

1. She might not be on thebus. She might be $al!inghome.2. She might not have ta!enthe bus. She might have

$al!ed home.

could&ma'



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give her a ride.3. She might not ta!e the bus.She might get a ride (rom %ill.

mightconditionalof may

1. ( entered the contest& mightactuall' $in.2. ( had entered the contest& mightactuall' have $on.3. ( entered the contest tomorro$& might actuall' $in. Un(ortunatel'& can#t enter it.

1. )ven i( entered thecontest& might not $in.

2. )ven i( had entered thecontest& might not have $on.

3. )ven i( entered thecontest tomorro$& might not

$in.

mightsuggestion

1. N* P+)S)N, F*+M2. You might have tried the cheeseca!e.3. You might tr' the cheeseca!e.

1. N* P+)S)N, F*+M2. P-S, F*+MUN*MM*N3. You might not $ant to eatthe cheese ca!e. t#s ver'calori(ic.

could

mightrequest /%ritish (orm0

Might have something to drin!Might borro$ the sta"lerRequests usually refer to the nearfuture.

N)-,) F*+MSUN*MM*N

could&ma'&can

REMEMBER: "Might not" vs. "Could not"4Might not4 suggests 'ou do not !no$ i( something ha""ens. 4ould not4 suggests that it isim"ossible (or something to ha""en.)5am"les:

• 6ac! might not have the !e'. Maybe he does not have the key.

• 6ac! could not have the !e'. It is impossible that he has the key.

Ma3:ay is most commonly used to e%press possibility. "t can also be used to give or re=uest permission, although this usage is becoming less common.$%amples&• #heryl ma3 be at home, or perhaps at wor. possibility

• Aohnny, you ma3 leave the table when you have finished your dinner. give permission

• Ma3 " use your bathroom> request permission

USING H)A;H IN $#ESEN' $AS' AND U'U#E

ost modal verbs behave -uite irregularly in the past and the future. !tudy the chartbelow to learn how OmayO behaves in different conte2ts.



Modal UsePositive Forms1. = Present 2. = Past 3. =Future

Negative Forms1. = Present 2. = Past 3. = Future

Youcanalsouse:

ma' possibility

1. 6ac! ma' be u"set. can#treall' tell i( he is anno'ed or tired.2. 6ac! ma' have been u"set. couldn#t reall' tell i( he $asanno'ed or tired.3. 6ac! ma' get u"set i( 'ou don#ttell him the truth.

1. 6ac! ma' not be u"set. Perha"she is tired.2. 6ac! ma' not have been u"set.Perha"s he $as tired.3. 6ac! ma' not get u"set& even i('ou tell him the truth

might

ma'give

permission

1. You ma' leave the table no$that 'ou#re (inished $ith 'ourdinner.2. S7F, ,* 4%) -88*9) ,*4You $ere allo$ed to leave the

table a(ter 'ou (inished 'ourdinner.3. You ma' leave the table $hen'ou (inish 'our dinner.

1. You ma' not leave the table.You#re not (inished $ith 'our dinner'et.2. S7F, ,* 4%) -88*9) ,*4You $ere not allo$ed to leave the

table because 'ou hadn#t (inished'our dinner.3. You ma' not leave the table until'ou are (inished $ith 'our dinner.

can

ma'request

permission

Ma' borro$ 'our eraserMa' ma!e a "hone callRequests usually refer to the nearfuture.

N* N)-,) F*+MScan&might

+ummar3:Ma3: is a modal au/iliar3.

• "t does not tae an s in the present tense.• The past tense or conditional is might.• Bou use it lie an au%iliary in the interrogative and negative forms&'. :ay " go out> no, you may not.• "t has no infinitive form.• "t has no participle.

:Ma3: is used to e/press ,

• Permission&'. :ay " go out :um>

(. Bou may eat some cae Aim.• Probability&

'. He may come late.(. He may be on holidays.

• Suggestion or reproach with might&'. He doesnt now what to doE he might as Wendy.(. Bou might have done the washingFup J



• Wish &'. :ay this year bring you happiness and health J

Ma3F might are sometimes used with a past participle ,'. He might have been illed J

(. He may have phoned while " was having a shower.

#hoose the correct alternative. Use the right form of the verbs.

'! Tae your umbrella as it 777777777777777777 today.O may rainsO may rainO might rained

(! He is still at wor J He 777777777777777777 late " am afraid.O may comesO might cameO may come

*! Aohn couldnt repair his washingFmachineE he 777777777777777777 his neighbour.O mights as O may asedO might have ased

! They taled too loudly, They 777777777777777777 the baby JO might have waeO might have woen

O might has woe

-! DarlingJ " wonder if " 777777777777777777 you that marvellous car you saw yesterday >O might offer O may offer O might offers

1! :um J :y friends are having a party tonight E 777777777777777777 please>O may " goO may " goneO may they go

@! Sweetheart J +s you were at home you 777777777777777777 the ironing, dont you thin >O may have doneO might have doO might have done

3! Bes darling, but " was afraid " 777777777777777777 your marvellous shirt JO might have burntO may burn



O might burned

?! He 777777777777777777 late because his flight has been delayed.O might isO may beenO may be

'M! ;oo at those clouds J "t 777777777777777777 in a minute.O will may rainO may rainO mays rain

AN+9ER+,

2. ma3 rain

8. ma3 come

;. might hae asked

<. might hae woken

>. might offer?. ma3 I go

@. might hae done

. might hae #urnt

C. ma3 #e

2. ma3 rain



MA= MI-( )&I*

)2 G " was Gust wondering whether you 7777 be able to help me.

may

might)8 G 7777 8od have mercy on your soul.

:ay

:ight); G Bou 7777 well be right.

may

might)< G " told them " 7777 go if " felt lie it, but wasnt sure.

may

might)> G Students 7777 only borrow four boos at a time.

may

might)? G The e%aminer says we 7777 leave when weve finished.

may

might)@ G "t 7777 be very e%pensive, but its much better than the others.

maymight

) G " Gust 7777 accept your offer.

may

might)C G Bou 7777 try asing her for helpF she nows her stuff.

may

might)2 G Bou 7777 have told me earlierJ

may

might



#ELA'I"E $#ONOUNS. E=E#CISES

9 -#I'E 73o@ 73ic3@ 73a0@ o 73ose@ -&EN CO##ES$ONDING.

8. I have a friend ............. lives in adrid./2. ...................beer is this/It/s mine./. A credit card is a piece of plastic ................helps you spend money./. ................are you doing with that knife/J. I don/t like people .................. never say thank you//.

aswers'

:. who<. whose>. which?. what@. whoPublicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :B':C 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' relative pronouns

$#ONO)B#ES #ELA'I"OS #os pronombres relativos son'73o -ue, -uién, el cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales )para personas*

73o5 a -uien, al cual, a la cual, a los cuales, a las cuales )para personas*73ose de -ue, de -uien, del cual, de la cual, de los cuales, de las cuales, cuyo,cuya, cuyos, cuyas )para personas*73ic3 -ue, lo -ue, el cual, lo cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales )para cosas*03a0 -ue, el -ue, la -ue, los -ue, las -ue )para personas y cosas*73a0 lo -uea.* -3o tiene las funciones de su0eto y su antecedente )el su0eto al -ue refiere* debeser una persona, aun-ue puede ocasionalmente referir un animal personificado, comopor e0emplo en cuentos.'3e 5an 73o 6ne7 0oo 5+c3 El hombre que sabía demasiado

b.* -3o5 &s muy formal y se emplea en lengua0e escrLto, no siendo muy habitualsu uso en lengua0e hablado..c.* -3ose e2presa posesiMn y pertenencia y se refiere Qnicamente a personas,)también e2cepcionalmente a animales y a nombres colectivos*.'3e :a5il, 73ose 3o+se 7e s0a,e4 in La familia en cuya casa estuvimosd.* -3ic3 se emplea como su0eto y como complemento y se refiere solamente acosas o animales''3e ca! 73ic3 is in 03e ga!age El coche que está en el garage.

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'3is is 03e ca! 73ic3 I go 0o 7o!6 in Éste es el coche con el cual voy a trabajar .e.* '3a0 se emplea como su0eto o complemento directo y puede referirse apersonas, cosas o animales''3e le00e! 03a0 ca5e ,es0e!4a, is :!o5 5, 5o03e! La carta que llegó ayer es demi madre.'3e 5an 03a0 ca5e 0o o+! 3o+se El hombre que vino a nuestra casa.( Diferencia entre 73o y 03a0 9$eneralmente, es indiferente usar NwhoN y NthatN. !in embargo, e2isten diferencias entreambos -ue hacen mRs apropiado el uso de uno u otro pronombre dependiendo de sise estR identificando o no al su0eto.-3e!e is 03e gi!l >73o 03a0? sells 03e ice c!ea5K ¿Dónde está la chica quevende el helado? )ambos usos, NwhoN y NthatN son correctos*'3is is Ca!ol 73o sells 03e ice c!ea5 Ssta es 6arol, la cual vende el helado.'3is is Ca!ol 03a0 sells 03e ice c!ea5 )uso inadecuado de NthatN*NThatN normalmente no puede ir precedido de una preposiciMnDespués de superlativos y pronombres indefinidos debemos emplear NthatN en lugar deNwhoN

I0s 03e /es0 :il5 03a0 I1e e1e! seen Es la mejor elícula que he visto nunca.I0s so5e03ing 03a0 5a6es 3i5 c!, Es algo que le hace llorar!.f* -3a0 generalmente hace referencia a acciones o situaciones.I 6no7 73a0 ,o+!e 03in6ing "# lo que estás ensandoNo/o4, 6no7s 73a0 7ill3appen 0o5o!!o7 $adie sabe que asará ma%ana1&#ATIK4! D&4!T1ATIK4!3e 73o el que 03a0 o: el de& la de03ose 73o los que 03ose o: los de& las de1&#ATIK4! 64PJ&!T4!73oe1e! cualquiera que 'ersonas( 73o5e1e! cualquiera que 'ersonas&más formal(

73ic3e1e! cualquiera que 'ersonas& cosas( 73a0e1e! cualquier cosa que Publicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :B': 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' relative pronouns

#ELA'I"E $#ONOUNS. Explicación en espaMol

03a0 el -ue, la -ue, los -ue, las -ue, lo -ue73o -uien, -uienes73ic3 el cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales, lo cual73o5 a -uien, a -uienes73ose de -uien, de -uienes, cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas

73a0 lo -ue, lo cual

O)ISION DEL #ELA'I"OSe omite el pronombre relativo:

1.Cuando el relativo hace de complemento:the book (that) I bought , el libro que compré.

2.Si está regido por preposición, ésta puede colocarse al final y omitirse ono el relativo:



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the place (that) we went to, el lugar al que fuimos.

3.Con that, la preposición se ubica siempre al final:I bought the book that you told me about , compré el libro del cual mehablaste.

E<E)$LOS CON $#ONO)B#ES #ELA'I"OSI don't know who was here.No sé quien estuvo aqu.

Jorge Essen, the well-known pianist whom everybody admires, will play here

soon.!orge "ssen, el conocido pianista a quien todos admiran, actuará aqu pronto.

I personally know that author whose books give so much pleasure.

#Cono$co personalmente a ese autor cuyos libros me brindan tanto placer.

he lessons which she liked better were those which she learned !rom others.%as lecciones que más le gustaban eran aquellas que #las que& aprenda deotros.

hat was the sub"ect which I was talking about.

"se era el tema sobre el cual yo estaba hablando.

I could not understand what they wanted to know.

No pude entender lo que ellos queran saber.

his is e#actly what I wanted to !ind out.

"'actamente esto es lo que quera descubrir.

$y brother was the man that ( who ) was here a moment ago.

(i hermano fue el hombre que #quien& estuvo aqu hace unos momentos.

he independence that %rgentina obtained in && was not recognied until &&*.%a independencia que )rgentina obtuvo en *+* no fue reconocida hasta *+*-.

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%UAN'I'IES.C&A#' THE QUANTIFIERS:

CUNTA!"E AN# UNCUNTA!"E NUNSQuanti$ie%s &ith counta'lean( uncounta'le nouns)dectives and adectival phrases that describe quantity are sho/n belo/. Some can only go/ith countable nouns #friends, cups, people&, and some can only go /ith uncountable nouns#sugar, tea, money, advice&. 0he /ords in the middle column can be used /ith both countableand uncountable nouns.



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nly &ithuncounta'le nouns

)ith uncounta'lean( counta'le nouns

nly &ithcounta'le nouns

Ho& *uch+ Ho& *uch+ o% Ho& *any+ Ho& *any+

a little no1none a fe/

a bit #of& not any a number #of&

2 some #any& several

a great deal of a lot of a large number of

a large amount of plenty of a great number of

2 lots of 2

, noun

Note: much and many are used in negative and question forms."'ample:

• How much money have you got3

• How many cigarettes have you smo4ed3

• 0here5s not much sugar in the cupboard.

• 0here /eren't many people at the concert.

0hey are also used /ith too, (not) so, and (not) as +0here /eretoo many people at the concert2 /e couldn5t see the band.6t5s a problem /hen there are so many people.0here5s not so much /or4 to do this /ee4.6n positive statements, /e use a lot of :

• 65ve got a lot of /or4 this /ee4.

• 0here /ere a lot of people at the concert.

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explicación en inglés &O- 'O E=$#ESS %UAN'I'IES IN ENGLIS& 0here are many e'pressions used to e'press large amounts in "nglish. 6n general, 5much5 and

5many5 are the standard quantifiers used to e'press large quantities.

'Much' is used with uncountable nouns:

here is much interest in learning English around the world.

ow much money do you have

here isn't much butter le!t in the re!rigerator.

'Many' is used with countable nouns:

here are many people who use the computer every day.

ow many students live close to the school

here aren't many books on that shel!.



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0he follo/ing e'pressions are often used in place of 5much5 and 5many5, especially in positive

sentences.

a lot of

lots of

plenty of

a great deal of

a large number of

the maority of

0hese e'pressions can are combined /ith 5of5 in the sense of 5most5, 5many5 or 5much5.

% lot o! people en"oy listening to "a.

% great deal o! time is spent understanding these issues.

Note that 5much5, 5most5 and 5many5 does N70 ta4e 5of5.

$ost people en"oy listening to some type o! music. (/+ $ost o! people...)

$uch time is spent understanding math. (/+ $uch o! time is spent ...)

Fo%*al - In$o%*al

5) lot of 1 lots of 1 plenty of5 are generally used in informal situations:

here will be a lot o! !ood at the party.

here's plenty o! time to !inish your homework.

5) large amount of 1 a great deal of 1 a large number of 1 a maority of5 are used in more formal

situations, such as /ritten business "nglish and presentations.

here is a great deal o! pressure to !inish this pro"ect on time.

here are a large number o! individuals who pre!er to do banking online.

Counta'le - Uncounta'le

5) lot of 1 lots of 1 plenty of5 are used /ith both countable and uncountable nouns.

here's a lot o! "uice in this "ug.

here are plenty o! opportunities to learn online.

here are lots o! people who like chess.

5) large amount of 1 a great deal of5 are used /ith uncountable nouns such as 5/ater, money,

time, etc.5

here's a large amount o! work to be done on this pro"ect.

here isn't a great deal o! time to !inish this report.

5) large number of 1 a the maority of5 are used /ith countable nouns such as 5people, students,

investors, etc.5

he ma"ority o! investors are interested in low-risk opportunities.

% large number o! our pupils continue their studies at university.

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%UAN'I'IES. E=E#CISES

Quantities

Fill in the 'lans &ith little/a little/ $e&/a $e&.

1. I thin the%e is .............ho0e to sae his secon( $oot.

2. )e s0en( ............. (ays at the $a%*.3. I hae ............. *oney.

. )e hae ha( ............. 0%o'le*s lately.. I$ I s0en( ...............ti*e &ith hi* I &ill lea%n to su00o%t hi*.

4. Tae ...............'annotes in *y &allet.5. He sees.............0eo0le

6. 7hili0 nee(s .............. loe

ANS)ERS

RESU"TS

1. I thin the%e is $e& little ho0e to sae his secon( $oot.2. )e s0en( a $e& (ays at the $a%*.

3. I hae a $e& a little *oney.. )e hae ha( a little a $e& 0%o'le*s lately.

. I$ I s0en( $e& a little ti*e &ith hi* I &ill lea%n to su00o%t hi*.4. Tae a $e& 'annotes in *y &allet.5. He sees little $e& 0eo0le

6. 7hili0 nee(s a little loe Publicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :B'EC 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' -uantities

)o4al "e!/s CAN CAN' COULD COULDN'. %UIF 6hoose the correct answer to fill in the blanks ( J!T, J!T8NT 8&&D8NT.:. This is a very precious book. 9ou ======== lose it.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt

<. +e will be having lessons for another two hours. 7e ========= visit him now.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt>. 9ou ========= wash those carrots. TheyNve already been washed.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt?. 7e ======= hurry. 7eNve got plenty of time.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt@. 7e have enough milk in the fridge so we ========== buy some more.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt



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. This is a very great novel. 9ou ======= read it.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNtB. Time is not on our side. 7e ========= hurry.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNtC. N7hat kind of car do you want to buy !omething flashyN N7ell, it ========== beflashy ( thatNs not important.Na* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt. Tim gave me a mail to send. I =========== remember to mail it.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt:E. ary gave me a letter to post. I ========== forget to mail it.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNtPublicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :'@< 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' 4DA# K&13!

CO)$A#A'I"ES AND SU$E#LA'I"ES E=E#CISES 7hich animal is the biggest 6omparativessuperlatives

:. The cat is======= than the camel.?. !anta is the ======= of the three people. )E.@kg* )>.@kg*@. The bee is=========== than the bird.. The giraffe is the======= of the three animals.C. The giraffe is====== than the horse.:. The mouse is the======= of the three animals.<. The mouse is ======= than the cat.>. The elephant is====== than the cow.?. !anta is ====== than my father.@. The bee is the======== of all three.

B. The whale is========== than the dolphin

7ord 3anksmaller bigger older smallestbigger taller tallestlighter lightestoldestheavierPublicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :'? 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' 64PA1ATIK&! A8D !JP&1#ATIK&!



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#OU'INES. E=E#CISES. $#ESEN' SI)$LE 7hat do you usually do in the morning:. ====== do you get up

==================== <. I get up at si2 thirty in the ======== .

==================== >. I ===== my teeth before breakfast.

==================== ?. I ===== my face in the morning.

==================== @. 7hen do you === to bed

==================== . I usually==== my hair after taking a shower.

A8!7&1!'

7hat do you usually do in the morning:. ====== do you get up7hen<. I get up at si2 thirty in the ======== .morning>. I ===== my teeth before breakfast.brush?. I ===== my face in the morning.wash@. 7hen do you === to bedgo. I usually==== my hair after taking a shower.combPublicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :'? 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' P1&!&8T T&8!&

#OU'INES. $#ESEN' SI)$LE. #E9O#DE# The following sentences are in the wrong order. 8umber them so they are in the rightorder.

===== $oda watches TK for one hour.

===== !he has dinner at 'EE P. ===== !he brushes her teeth and eats breakfast.

===== !he has lunch at :<'>E P. ===== !he does her homework after watching TK. ===== !he has ath and &nglish lessons in the morning.

===== !he goes to bed. ===== +er mother picks her up after school.

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===== $oda gets up in the morning. ===== !he has music and computer lessons in the afternoon.

===== +er mother drives her to school. ===== !he has a sound sleep. ===== $oda turns off the lamp. ===== !he reads a story book in bed

A day in the life of $oda Answer Gey' $oda gets up in the morning.

!he brushes her teeth and eats breakfast.+er mother drives her to school.!he has ath and &nglish lessons in the morning.!he has lunch at :<'>E P.!he has music and computer lessons in the afternoon.+er mother picks her up after school.!he has dinner at 'EE P.$oda watches TK for one hour.!he does her homework after watching TK.!he goes to bed.!he reads a story book in bed.$oda turns off the lamp.

!he has a sound sleep.Publicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :'?? 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' P1&!&8T T&8!&

#OU'INES. E=E#CISES. $#ESEN' SI)$LE



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I I#S' CONDI'IONAL. %UIF

)a0c3 +p 03e 07o 3al1es

8. I: ,o+ sell 5o!e 03an ,o+ 4i4 las0 ,ea!

a* heNll be out on his ear.

b* INll buy you a new car. c* youNll soon be on your way

d* youNll be in big trouble.

2. I: ,o+ 0a6e 5, a41ice

a* 6oncorde is faster than a B?B.

b* INll buy two.

c* youNll keep a tighter control on what "erome gets up to.


. I: 3e 4oesn0 accep0 o+! o::e!

a* weNll have to withdraw. thatNs the most we can afford to pay. b* your 0ob here will be -uite safe.

c* heNll be out on his ear.


. I: ,o+ gi1e 5e a 8 4isco+n0

a* youNll soon be on your way











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b* your 0ob here will be -uite safe.

c* INll buy two.


J. I: sales 4on0 i5p!o1e soon

a* weNll have to lay off some workers b* your 0ob here will be -uite safe.

c* INll buy two.

d* youNll keep a tighter control on what "erome gets up to.

. I: 03e !epo!0 isn0 on 5, 4es6 0o5o!!o7 5o!ning a* youNll be in big trouble.


c* weNll have to lay off some workers

d* heNll be out on his ear.

(. I: Nic6 4oesn0 5en4 3is 7a,s soon a* youNll soon be on your way


c* youNll be in big trouble.


P. I: I see ,o+ s0an4ing a!o+n4 03e co::ee 5ac3ine 0al6ing again

a* youNll be in big trouble.




Q. I: ,o+ 4on0 5a6e 03e g!a4e 3e!e

a* your 0ob here will be -uite safe.

b* youNll soon be on your way



8. Unless ,o+ 4o so5e03ing !eall, /a4





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I I#S' CONDI'IONAL >explicación en espaMol?






























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Fi%st Con(itinal 8Ti0o 19

"sto tipo del condicional se utili$a para el futuro y en los casos cuando es muy probable que la

condición pasará.

IF Con(ition Result

6f 8resent simple 9uture simple #/ill&

• E"emplos+

• If 0ill studies , he will pass the e#am. 1 0ill will pass the e#am if he studies. #Si ;ill

estudia, aprobará el e'amen.&

• If it doesn't rain , we will go to the beach. 1 2e will go to the beach if it doesn't

rain. #Si no llueve, iremos a la playa.&

• Will you take the train if you miss the bus 1 If you miss the bus, will you take the

train #<Cogerás el tren si pierdes el bus3&

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<UE"ES 2 DE NO"IE)B#E DE 288

GUÍA DE INGLÉS BÁSICO. LO NECESA#IO AN'ES DE UN E=A)EN.

PII:4$S P$SI+;$S

;os pronombres personales en inglQs+compaan al verbo cuando no hay un suGeto. $l verbo no puede ir nunca sVlo.+s< =ue a diferencia del espaol no se puedenomitir.

" play tennis Auego al tennis

They live in the country 6iven en el campo

She wont go out o saldr2

'. cosas5ello(. el*. ella. ellas-. nosotros1. tu@. usted

3. ustedes?. yo

$lige la respuesta adecuada

$Gemplo&you

he

it

"

she

they

we



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'. 777 is eating a sandwich

his him he

(. 777are cleaning the boocase

their they them

*. 77is sitting in her armchair

she hers he

. 777are writing on the des

They their them

-. 7 am looing at the cloc

my mine "

'. Harry has got a banana. 777 is going to eat it

they she he

(. Hermione hasnt got any fruit . 777is going to buy some

she they he

*. Harry and on have some coe. 77777are going to drin it

we they he

. Hermione and you havent got time.7777are going to be late

we you they

-. Harry has got a hamburger 77is going to eat it

they she he


'. 77is :ary

we

he

she

they

(.7777are at school



you

he

"

it

*. 77is my brother

she

they

"

he

.777am Tom

"

he

we

you

-. 77is a cathe

she

it

they

1. 777is a dog

are

it

he

@. ... am a boy



i

are

"

is

3. ..are in the house

Bou

she

he

"

?. 777are pretty

she

"

the

you

'M. 777 is old

we

"

it

you


'. $s my hermanomy brother is my brother He is my brother

(. Nuien es el>

Who is him> Who is he> What is he>

*. Son Tom y :ary



+re Tom and :ary She is :ary and Tom They are Tom and :ary

. Augamos al tenis

Play tennis They play tennis We play tennis

-. $s el gato

"t is the cat He is the cat She is the cat

PII:4$ PIS$S"6I

$l pronombre posesivo sustituye al sustantivo y al adGetivo posesivo =ue lo acompaa cuando este sustantivo ha sido ya anteriormente

mencionado, o cuando por el conte%to =ueda perfectamente definido&

#omo los determinantes posesivos, los pronombres posesivos conciertan con el poseedor y no con la cosa pose<da.

$n inglQs los pronombres posesivos no pueden ir precedidos de art<culos como en espaol.

$l m<o :ine

$l tuyo yours+=u< tienes algunos eGemplos&

:ine $l :<o5la m<a5los m<os5las m<asFF:<o5a,os,as

Bours $l tuyo5la tuya5los tuyos5las tuyasFFTuyo,a5os5as

His 5 hers $l suyo 5la suya 5los suyos 5las suyas de Ql, de ella, deello!FF

Iurs $l nuestro 5la nuestra 5los nuestros 5 las nuestrasFF uestro,a5os5as

Bours ;os de ustedes 5

Theirs $l suyo 5la suya 5 los suyos 5 las suyas de ellos 5 ellas!FFSuyo,a5os5as

The money is mine $l dinero es m<o.

The treasure is yours $l tesoro es tuyo 5 suyo.

The boos are his. ;os libros son de Ql.

The homewor is hers. ;a tarea es de ella.

The food is ours. ;a comida es nuestra.

The house is yours ;a casa es de ustedes

The apple is theirs. ;a manCana es deellos5ellas

:2s eGemplos

This is mine. $ste es el m<o

This is ours. $ste es la nuestra



Those are theirs. $sos son los suyos


'. :y cat is 7777

his yours mine

(. Bour cat is 7777

his yours mine

*. His cat is 7777

his yours mine

. Aohns cat is7777

his yours mine

-. This cat is 7777

her your mine

1. This car is 7777Suyo de Ql!

his hers him

@. That lorry is 7777Suyo de ella!

his hers her

3. That bie is 7777:<a!his her mine

?. That moped is7777Suya de Ql!

his hers him

'M. These boats are7777

hers her him

''. This lamp is 7777Suyo de ellos!

they theirs their

'(. Those sofas are 7777Suyo de ellas!

they theirs hers

'*. That mirror is 7777uestro!

our we ours



'. That chair is77776uestra !

yours your you

'-. These tables are7777

ours our him

'1. The birds are 7777Suyo de ellas!

they theirs hers

'@. The elephant is 7777uestro!

our we ours

'3. The butterflies are7777

ours our him

'?. The dog is 7777Suyo de ellos!

they theirs their

(M. The turtle is77776uestra !

yours your you

('. This shirt is 7777Suyo de Ql!

his hers him

((. That dress is 7777Suyo de ella!

his hers her



$; PII:4$ I4A$TI$l pronombre obGeto sustituye al nombre.

He gives:ary!her a pencil Xl le da un l2piCa :ary!

He saw themthe boys! ;os vio ;os chicos!

$l pronombre obGeto sigue a las preposiciones

With her #on ella

9or us Para nosotros

4ehind you Detr2s de ti

+ los verbos

" give them ;e doy a ellas

He loves her Xl la ama

They bought it ;o compraron

+l segundo tQrmino de la comparaciVn

He is taller than her $l es m2s alto =ue ella

Bou are older than them $res m2s mayor =ue ellos

They are faster than us $llos son m2s r2pidos =ue nosotros

$lige la respuesta correcta

'. She is fatter than7777:ary!her him it

(. She is fatter than7777Tom!

her him it

*. She is fatter than7777:ary and Aane!

them they theirs

. She is fatter than7777"!

me my mine

-. She is fatter than7777Tom and "!

our we us

1. 8ive the pencil to7777 4en!



her him it

@. 8ive the pencil to7777 4en and Tim!

they them they

3. 8ive the pencil to7777 4en and me!

us we our

?. 8ive the pencil to7777 /aren!

her she hers

'M. 8ive7777 to 4enThe pencil!

her him it

''. Show me777they!

their you them

'(. Show me777The lion!

it she he

'*. Show me777The houses!

they you them

'. Show me7777The dog!

it him he

'-. Show me77777:ary!

she her it

'1. Tell777J /ate!she her it

'@. Tell777J they!their you them

'3. Tell777J the horse!it him he

'?. Tell777J the boy!him she he

(M. Tell777J the girls!they you them

PII:4$S D$:IST+T"6IS



F;os determinantes demostrativos en inglQs acompaan al nombre.

This houseY$sta casa

That boyY+=uel nio

This $ste, esta, esto

That $se, esa, eso, a=uel, a=uella , a=uello.

These $stos, estas,

Those $sos, esas, a=uel, a=uellos, a=uellas

F;os pronombres demostrativos en inglQs

Sustituyen al nombre

:ary lie those + :ar<a le gustan esos

This is a lion $ste es un leVn

This $ste,esta.esto

That $se,esa,eso,a=uel,a=uella,a=uello.

These $stos,estas,

Those $sos,esas,a=uel,a=uellos,a=uellas

F+ veces one acompaa al pronombre cuando se =ueda sVlo en un frase.

" lie this one :e gusta este

ones acompaa a los plurales these y those.

She bought those ones $lla comprV esos.

'. $sta es la casa

This is the house

That is the house

This house

That house

(. $se libro

Thats boos

This boos

That boo

The boos

*. $sta nia



These girl

This girl

That girl

The girl

. $sta mesa

This tables

Those tables

This table

Thats table

-. $ste l2piC

This pencil

The pencil

That pencil

This is a pencil

1

. $stas son de :ary

These are :arys

This are :arys

These :arys

That is :ary

@. $stos l2pices

These pencils

The pencils

Thats pencil

These pencil

3. $stos son los nios



These are the children

This are the children

These is the children

The children?. +=uellas son meGores

Those are better

These are better

These better

That is better

'M. $stas mesas

This tables

Those tables

These tables

Thats table

''. $sta es la chica

This is the girl

That is the girl

These are the girls

She is the girl

'(. $sos perros

These dogs

The dogs

Those dogs

That dog

'*. $stas muGeres

This woman

Those women

These women



These womans

'. $se chico es Auan

That boy is Aohn

That one is Aohn

This boy is Aohn

He is Aohn

'-. $s eso

"ts this one

"ts that

"ts that one

"s that

;IS D$T$:"+T$S "T$I8+T"6IS

$stas palabras no var<an con el nZmero singular o plural! del sustantivo al =ue se refieren&

Para hacer una frase con un pronombre interrogativo&Se pone la frase en forma de pregunta, y luego se pone el pronombre al principio.

7hatO7hatOsignifica Uué y se refiere a cosas O !u0etoob0eto

(7hat is this (VUué es esto O7hatOse traduce como OUueO

(7hat is the time (VUué hora es

+ veces se puede traducir as<&

(7hat is your name (V6uRl es tu nombre

(7hat are you eating (VUué estRs comiendo

(7hat do you read (VUué lees

7ho y what pueden funcionar como ob0eto o como su0eto en una oraciMn interrogativa.

!i actQan como su0eto no utili5arRn au2iliar )do,will,be...* para preguntar. &n cambio, si actQan comoob0eto deberRn usar el au2iliar o usar la forma interrogativa de la oraciMn.



7hyO7hyO significa VPor -ué

#as preguntas -ue se formulan con why deben contestarse con'

3ecause Por-ue....

7hy did she eat theorange

Por =uQ se comiV lanaranGa>

3ecause she was hungry Por-ue tenLa hambre.

7henWhen Significa cu2ndo

7henwill sheeat theorange

V6uRndo se comerR la naran0a

7hereWhereSignifica DVnde

7heredid she

eat theorange

VDMnde comiM la naran0a

+owO+owO tiene varios significados dependiendo a la palabra -ue lo

acompaWa'

+ow V6Mmo

+ow many VcuRntos VcuRntas

+ow much VcuRnto

+ow long VcuRnto tiempo

+ow old VUué edad tienes

+ow often V6on -ué frecuencia

+ow many orangesdid she eat

V6uRntas naran0as secomiM

+ow much did theoranges cost

V6uRnto costaron lasnaran0as

+ow long was sheeating the orange

V6uRnto tardM encomerse la naran0a

+ow often did she ateoranges

V6on -ué frecuenciacomLa man5anas



-3ic3Which significa NuQ,cu2l,cuales&

Puede ser suGeto u obGeto. Se refiere a personas o cosas.

7hich orange is she

eating

VUué naran0a se estR

comiendo7hich of you girl iseating the oranges

VUuién de ustedes niWasestR comiendo lasnaran0as

#a diferencia entre 7hat y 7hich ( es la siguiente'

6uando nos referimos a personas se suele utili5ar NwhatN. !in embargo,empleamos NwhichN cuando -ueremos ser mRs precisos y dar una elecciMnentre dos o mRs cosas'

7hoO7hoO!ignifica Uuién y puede ser su0eto u ob0eto.se refiere siempre a

personas o a cosas personificadas.

7ho iseatingtheorange

VUuién esta comiendo lanaran0a

7hoboughttheorange

VUuién comprM la naran0a

7hosePosesivo.se refiere a personas Znicamente.

7hoseis theorange

VDe -uién es la naran0a

1&A#IXA #4! !I$JI&8T&! &"&16I6I4!. A16A #A A#T&18ATIKA 6411&6TA. 6+44!& D& 6411&6T A#T&18ATIK&.



:. === are you from I am from #ondonWhich

What

Where

Who

8. 555 are 3ou eating4 I am eating fishWhich

What

Where

How much

;. 555 are 3ou4 I am (om

WhichWhat

Where

Who

<. 555 is 3our name4 M3 name is (om7hich

7hat

7here

+ow

J. RRR a!e ,o+K I a5 :ine 03an6sKWhich

What

Where

How

1. 777 do you study> " study $nglishwhich

what

7here

http://www.theyellowpencil.com/chuleta.html%3E%3C/a%3E%3C/strong%3E%3C/em%3E%3C/span%3E%3C/h2%3E%3C/center%3E%3Chr%3E%3Cform%20name=










































who

B. === will you play I will play in the parkwhich

what

7here

how much

C. ===book is it It is the red onewhich

what

7here

who

. === much is the red book It is threeYwhich

what

7here

how

:E. ===does she go !he goes on ondays

which

what

7herewhen

''. When did you buy the pencil>

" bought it last wee

"ts in the bag



"ts on the des

"ts blue

'(. what colour is the pencil>

"t was last wee

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'*. Where is the pencil>

"ts last wee

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'. Whose is the pencil>

"ts :arys

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'-. Which pencil is it>

"ts the yellow one

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts :arys

'1. How much was the pencil>



"t was '[

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts :arys

'@. Who bought you the pencil>

:ary bought it

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'3. Why did you buy the pencil>

because it was cheap

"ts in the bag

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'?. How many pencils have you got>"ts last wee

"ts on :onday

"ve got three

"ts blue

(M. What did you write with the pencil>

" wrote a letter

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts :arys

('. 777is the weather lie>



which What How

((. 777old are you>which what How

(*. 777pencil of the three is it>

Which What How

(. 777are you> because When How

(-. 777is your name>which What How

PII:4$S $9;$\"6IS

,'os pronom#res refle/ios se usan para

e/presar Hue la accin recae so#re el sueto.

" can see myself :e veo

M3self meJ 3o mismo

3ouself teJ tu mismo

himself seJel mismo

herself seJella misma

itself seJello mismo

oneself unoJseJuno mismo

ourseles nosJnosotros mismos

3ourseles anJustedes mismos

themseles seJellos mismos

+lgunos eGemplos

I wash m3self 3o me lao

+he can see herself Ella se e

(he3 will #urn

themseles

Ellos se HuemarKn

=ou can do it

3ourseles

Pueden hacerlo ustedes

mismos

(he #a#3 can:t feed

himself

El #e#e no puede

alimentarse a si mismo

e looked at himself

in the mirror

El se mir al espeo



$;"8$ ;+ $SPU$ST+ #I$#T+

'. The girl cant teach 77777

herself himself sheshelf

(. Those men hurt77777himself themselves himself

*. " bought777a bie

himself herself myself

. We saw7777on that video

ourselves herself yourselves

-. Bou painted the boat7777

yourself themselves himself

. The girl canNt teach ===== herself himself sheshelf

@. Those men hurt77777

himself themselves himself

3. " bought777a bie


?. We saw7777on that video


'M. Bou painted the boat7777




LUNES 2P DE NO"IE)B#E DE 288

#ELA'I"E $#ONOUNS. E=E#CISES





9 -#I'E 73o@ 73ic3@ 73a0@ o 73ose@ -&EN CO##ES$ONDING.

8. I have a friend ............. lives in adrid./2. ...................beer is this/It/s mine./. A credit card is a piece of plastic ................helps you spend money./. ................are you doing with that knife/J. I don/t like people .................. never say thank you//.

aswers'

:. who<. whose

>. which?. what@. whoPublicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :B':C 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' relative pronouns

$#ONO)B#ES #ELA'I"OS #os pronombres relativos son'73o -ue, -uién, el cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales )para personas*73o5 a -uien, al cual, a la cual, a los cuales, a las cuales )para personas*

73ose de -ue, de -uien, del cual, de la cual, de los cuales, de las cuales, cuyo,cuya, cuyos, cuyas )para personas*73ic3 -ue, lo -ue, el cual, lo cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales )para cosas*03a0 -ue, el -ue, la -ue, los -ue, las -ue )para personas y cosas*73a0 lo -uea.* -3o tiene las funciones de su0eto y su antecedente )el su0eto al -ue refiere* debeser una persona, aun-ue puede ocasionalmente referir un animal personificado, comopor e0emplo en cuentos.'3e 5an 73o 6ne7 0oo 5+c3 El hombre que sabía demasiadob.* -3o5 &s muy formal y se emplea en lengua0e escrLto, no siendo muy habitualsu uso en lengua0e hablado..

c.* -3ose e2presa posesiMn y pertenencia y se refiere Qnicamente a personas,)también e2cepcionalmente a animales y a nombres colectivos*.'3e :a5il, 73ose 3o+se 7e s0a,e4 in La familia en cuya casa estuvimosd.* -3ic3 se emplea como su0eto y como complemento y se refiere solamente acosas o animales''3e ca! 73ic3 is in 03e ga!age El coche que está en el garage.'3is is 03e ca! 73ic3 I go 0o 7o!6 in Éste es el coche con el cual voy a trabajar .e.* '3a0 se emplea como su0eto o complemento directo y puede referirse a























personas, cosas o animales''3e le00e! 03a0 ca5e ,es0e!4a, is :!o5 5, 5o03e! La carta que llegó ayer es demi madre.'3e 5an 03a0 ca5e 0o o+! 3o+se El hombre que vino a nuestra casa.( Diferencia entre 73o y 03a0 9$eneralmente, es indiferente usar NwhoN y NthatN. !in embargo, e2isten diferencias entreambos -ue hacen mRs apropiado el uso de uno u otro pronombre dependiendo de sise estR identificando o no al su0eto.-3e!e is 03e gi!l >73o 03a0? sells 03e ice c!ea5K ¿Dónde está la chica quevende el helado? )ambos usos, NwhoN y NthatN son correctos*'3is is Ca!ol 73o sells 03e ice c!ea5 Ssta es 6arol, la cual vende el helado.'3is is Ca!ol 03a0 sells 03e ice c!ea5 )uso inadecuado de NthatN*NThatN normalmente no puede ir precedido de una preposiciMnDespués de superlativos y pronombres indefinidos debemos emplear NthatN en lugar deNwhoNI0s 03e /es0 :il5 03a0 I1e e1e! seen Es la mejor elícula que he visto nunca.I0s so5e03ing 03a0 5a6es 3i5 c!, Es algo que le hace llorar!.

f* -3a0 generalmente hace referencia a acciones o situaciones.I 6no7 73a0 ,o+!e 03in6ing "# lo que estás ensandoNo/o4, 6no7s 73a0 7ill3appen 0o5o!!o7 $adie sabe que asará ma%ana1&#ATIK4! D&4!T1ATIK4!3e 73o el que 03a0 o: el de& la de03ose 73o los que 03ose o: los de& las de1&#ATIK4! 64PJ&!T4!73oe1e! cualquiera que 'ersonas( 73o5e1e! cualquiera que 'ersonas&más formal(73ic3e1e! cualquiera que 'ersonas& cosas( 73a0e1e! cualquier cosa que Publicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :B': 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook

&ti-uetas' relative pronouns

#ELA'I"E $#ONOUNS. Explicación en espaMol

03a0 el -ue, la -ue, los -ue, las -ue, lo -ue73o -uien, -uienes73ic3 el cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales, lo cual73o5 a -uien, a -uienes73ose de -uien, de -uienes, cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas73a0 lo -ue, lo cual

O)ISION DEL #ELA'I"OSe omite el pronombre relativo:

1.Cuando el relativo hace de complemento:the book (that) I bought , el libro que compré.

2.Si está regido por preposición, ésta puede colocarse al final y omitirse ono el relativo:the place (that) we went to, el lugar al que fuimos.

3.Con that, la preposición se ubica siempre al final:I bought the book that you told me about , compré el libro del cual me























hablaste.

E<E)$LOS CON $#ONO)B#ES #ELA'I"OSI don't know who was here.

No sé quien estuvo aqu.

Jorge Essen, the well-known pianist whom everybody admires, will play heresoon.

!orge "ssen, el conocido pianista a quien todos admiran, actuará aqu pronto.

I personally know that author whose books give so much pleasure.#Cono$co personalmente a ese autor cuyos libros me brindan tanto placer.

he lessons which she liked better were those which she learned !rom others.

%as lecciones que más le gustaban eran aquellas que #las que& aprenda de

otros.

hat was the sub"ect which I was talking about.

"se era el tema sobre el cual yo estaba hablando.

I could not understand what they wanted to know.

No pude entender lo que ellos queran saber.

his is e#actly what I wanted to !ind out.

"'actamente esto es lo que quera descubrir.

$y brother was the man that ( who ) was here a moment ago.

(i hermano fue el hombre que #quien& estuvo aqu hace unos momentos.

he independence that %rgentina obtained in && was not recognied until &&*.

%a independencia que )rgentina obtuvo en *+* no fue reconocida hasta *+*-.

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%UAN'I'IES.C&A#' THE QUANTIFIERS:

CUNTA!"E AN# UNCUNTA!"E NUNSQuanti$ie%s &ith counta'lean( uncounta'le nouns)dectives and adectival phrases that describe quantity are sho/n belo/. Some can only go/ith countable nouns #friends, cups, people&, and some can only go /ith uncountable nouns#sugar, tea, money, advice&. 0he /ords in the middle column can be used /ith both countableand uncountable nouns.

nly &ith )ith uncounta'le nly &ith























uncounta'le nouns an( counta'le nouns counta'le nouns

Ho& *uch+ Ho& *uch+ o% Ho& *any+ Ho& *any+

a little no1none a fe/

a bit #of& not any a number #of&

2 some #any& severala great deal of a lot of a large number of

a large amount of plenty of a great number of

2 lots of 2

, noun

Note: much and many are used in negative and question forms."'ample:

• How much money have you got3

• How many cigarettes have you smo4ed3

• 0here5s not much sugar in the cupboard.

• 0here /eren't many people at the concert.

0hey are also used /ith too, (not) so, and (not) as +0here /eretoo many people at the concert2 /e couldn5t see the band.6t5s a problem /hen there are so many people.0here5s not so much /or4 to do this /ee4.6n positive statements, /e use a lot of :

• 65ve got a lot of /or4 this /ee4.

• 0here /ere a lot of people at the concert.

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explicación en inglés &O- 'O E=$#ESS %UAN'I'IES IN ENGLIS& 0here are many e'pressions used to e'press large amounts in "nglish. 6n general, 5much5 and

5many5 are the standard quantifiers used to e'press large quantities.

'Much' is used with uncountable nouns:

here is much interest in learning English around the world.

ow much money do you have

here isn't much butter le!t in the re!rigerator.

'Many' is used with countable nouns:

here are many people who use the computer every day.

ow many students live close to the school

here aren't many books on that shel!.

0he follo/ing e'pressions are often used in place of 5much5 and 5many5, especially in positive

sentences.






















a lot of

lots of

plenty of

a great deal of

a large number of

the maority of

0hese e'pressions can are combined /ith 5of5 in the sense of 5most5, 5many5 or 5much5.

% lot o! people en"oy listening to "a.

% great deal o! time is spent understanding these issues.

Note that 5much5, 5most5 and 5many5 does N70 ta4e 5of5.

$ost people en"oy listening to some type o! music. (/+ $ost o! people...)

$uch time is spent understanding math. (/+ $uch o! time is spent ...)

Fo%*al - In$o%*al

5) lot of 1 lots of 1 plenty of5 are generally used in informal situations:

here will be a lot o! !ood at the party.

here's plenty o! time to !inish your homework.

5) large amount of 1 a great deal of 1 a large number of 1 a maority of5 are used in more formal

situations, such as /ritten business "nglish and presentations.

here is a great deal o! pressure to !inish this pro"ect on time.

here are a large number o! individuals who pre!er to do banking online.

Counta'le - Uncounta'le

5) lot of 1 lots of 1 plenty of5 are used /ith both countable and uncountable nouns.

here's a lot o! "uice in this "ug.

here are plenty o! opportunities to learn online.

here are lots o! people who like chess.

5) large amount of 1 a great deal of5 are used /ith uncountable nouns such as 5/ater, money,

time, etc.5

here's a large amount o! work to be done on this pro"ect.

here isn't a great deal o! time to !inish this report.

5) large number of 1 a the maority of5 are used /ith countable nouns such as 5people, students,

investors, etc.5

he ma"ority o! investors are interested in low-risk opportunities.

% large number o! our pupils continue their studies at university.

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&ti-uetas' -uantities

%UAN'I'IES. E=E#CISES

Quantities

Fill in the 'lans &ith little/a little/ $e&/a $e&.

1. I thin the%e is .............ho0e to sae his secon( $oot.

2. )e s0en( ............. (ays at the $a%*.3. I hae ............. *oney.

. )e hae ha( ............. 0%o'le*s lately.. I$ I s0en( ...............ti*e &ith hi* I &ill lea%n to su00o%t hi*.

4. Tae ...............'annotes in *y &allet.5. He sees.............0eo0le

6. 7hili0 nee(s .............. loe

ANS)ERS

RESU"TS

1. I thin the%e is $e& little ho0e to sae his secon( $oot.2. )e s0en( a $e& (ays at the $a%*.

3. I hae a $e& a little *oney.. )e hae ha( a little a $e& 0%o'le*s lately.

. I$ I s0en( $e& a little ti*e &ith hi* I &ill lea%n to su00o%t hi*.4. Tae a $e& 'annotes in *y &allet.

5. He sees little $e& 0eo0le6. 7hili0 nee(s a little loe Publicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :B'EC 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' -uantities

)o4al "e!/s CAN CAN' COULD COULDN'. %UIF 6hoose the correct answer to fill in the blanks ( J!T, J!T8NT 8&&D8NT.:. This is a very precious book. 9ou ======== lose it.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt<. +e will be having lessons for another two hours. 7e ========= visit him now.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt

>. 9ou ========= wash those carrots. TheyNve already been washed.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt?. 7e ======= hurry. 7eNve got plenty of time.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt@. 7e have enough milk in the fridge so we ========== buy some more.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt. This is a very great novel. 9ou ======= read it.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt


























B. Time is not on our side. 7e ========= hurry.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNtC. N7hat kind of car do you want to buy !omething flashyN N7ell, it ========== beflashy ( thatNs not important.Na* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt. Tim gave me a mail to send. I =========== remember to mail it.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNt:E. ary gave me a letter to post. I ========== forget to mail it.a* must b* mustnNt c* neednNtPublicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :'@< 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' 4DA# K&13!

CO)$A#A'I"ES AND SU$E#LA'I"ES E=E#CISES 7hich animal is the biggest 6omparativessuperlatives

:. The cat is======= than the camel.?. !anta is the ======= of the three people. )E.@kg* )>.@kg*@. The bee is=========== than the bird.. The giraffe is the======= of the three animals.C. The giraffe is====== than the horse.:. The mouse is the======= of the three animals.<. The mouse is ======= than the cat.>. The elephant is====== than the cow.?. !anta is ====== than my father.@. The bee is the======== of all three.B. The whale is========== than the dolphin

7ord 3anksmaller bigger older smallestbigger taller tallestlighter lightestoldestheavierPublicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :'? 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' 64PA1ATIK&! A8D !JP&1#ATIK&!











































7hat do you usually do in the morning:. ====== do you get up

==================== <. I get up at si2 thirty in the ======== .

==================== >. I ===== my teeth before breakfast.

==================== ?. I ===== my face in the morning.

==================== @. 7hen do you === to bed

==================== . I usually==== my hair after taking a shower.

A8!7&1!'

7hat do you usually do in the morning

:. ====== do you get up7hen<. I get up at si2 thirty in the ======== .morning>. I ===== my teeth before breakfast.brush?. I ===== my face in the morning.wash@. 7hen do you === to bedgo. I usually==== my hair after taking a shower.combPublicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :'? 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' P1&!&8T T&8!&

#OU'INES. $#ESEN' SI)$LE. #E9O#DE# The following sentences are in the wrong order. 8umber them so they are in the rightorder.

===== $oda watches TK for one hour.

===== !he has dinner at 'EE P. ===== !he brushes her teeth and eats breakfast.

===== !he has lunch at :<'>E P. ===== !he does her homework after watching TK. ===== !he has ath and &nglish lessons in the morning.

===== !he goes to bed. ===== +er mother picks her up after school. ===== $oda gets up in the morning.























===== !he has music and computer lessons in the afternoon.

===== +er mother drives her to school. ===== !he has a sound sleep. ===== $oda turns off the lamp. ===== !he reads a story book in bed

A day in the life of $oda Answer Gey' $oda gets up in the morning.!he brushes her teeth and eats breakfast.

+er mother drives her to school.!he has ath and &nglish lessons in the morning.!he has lunch at :<'>E P.!he has music and computer lessons in the afternoon.+er mother picks her up after school.!he has dinner at 'EE P.$oda watches TK for one hour.!he does her homework after watching TK.!he goes to bed.!he reads a story book in bed.$oda turns off the lamp.!he has a sound sleep.Publicado por I!! PAJ#I8A en :'?? 8o hay comentarios'&nviar por correo electrMnico&scribe un blog6ompartir con Twitter 6ompartir con Facebook&ti-uetas' P1&!&8T T&8!&


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http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6rIhZ7kTSGQ/TZS0V6Sn1OI/AAAAAAAAAIU/IlD2vIyvGv4/s1600/01_routines.jpg



















&ti-uetas' P1&!&8T T&8!&


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I I#S' CONDI'IONAL. %UIF

)a0c3 +p 03e 07o 3al1es

8. I: ,o+ sell 5o!e 03an ,o+ 4i4 las0 ,ea!

a* heNll be out on his ear.

b* INll buy you a new car.

c* youNll soon be on your way d* youNll be in big trouble.

2. I: ,o+ 0a6e 5, a41ice

a* 6oncorde is faster than a B?B.

b* INll buy two.

c* youNll keep a tighter control on what "erome gets up to.


. I: 3e 4oesn0 accep0 o+! o::e!

a* weNll have to withdraw. thatNs the most we can afford to pay.

b* your 0ob here will be -uite safe. c* heNll be out on his ear.


. I: ,o+ gi1e 5e a 8 4isco+n0



c* INll buy two.






























http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_K0xyGNd_JlI/S9Hg8w7nvSI/AAAAAAAAAHs/nKsW3wrveRc/s400/routines.JPG






























J. I: sales 4on0 i5p!o1e soon

a* weNll have to lay off some workers


c* INll buy two. d* youNll keep a tighter control on what "erome gets up to.

. I: 03e !epo!0 isn0 on 5, 4es6 0o5o!!o7 5o!ning





(. I: Nic6 4oesn0 5en4 3is 7a,s soon


b* your 0ob here will be -uite safe. c* youNll be in big trouble.


P. I: I see ,o+ s0an4ing a!o+n4 03e co::ee 5ac3ine 0al6ing again





Q. I: ,o+ 4on0 5a6e 03e g!a4e 3e!e

a* your 0ob here will be -uite safe. b* youNll soon be on your way



8. Unless ,o+ 4o so5e03ing !eall, /a4





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I I#S' CONDI'IONAL >explicación en espaMol?









































































Fi%st Con(itinal 8Ti0o 19

"sto tipo del condicional se utili$a para el futuro y en los casos cuando es muy probable que la

condición pasará.

IF Con(ition Result

6f 8resent simple 9uture simple #/ill&

• E"emplos+

• If 0ill studies , he will pass the e#am. 1 0ill will pass the e#am if he studies. #Si ;ill

estudia, aprobará el e'amen.&

• If it doesn't rain , we will go to the beach. 1 2e will go to the beach if it doesn't

rain. #Si no llueve, iremos a la playa.&

• Will you take the train if you miss the bus 1 If you miss the bus, will you take the

train #<Cogerás el tren si pierdes el bus3&

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<UE"ES 2 DE NO"IE)B#E DE 288

GUÍA DE INGLÉS BÁSICO. LO NECESA#IO AN'ES DE UN E=A)EN.

PII:4$S P$SI+;$S

;os pronombres personales en inglQs+compaan al verbo cuando no hay un suGeto. $l verbo no puede ir nunca sVlo.+s< =ue a diferencia del espaol no se puedenomitir.

" play tennis Auego al tennis

They live in the country 6iven en el campo

She wont go out o saldr2

'. cosas5ello(. el*. ella. ellas-. nosotros1. tu@. usted

3. ustedes?. yo


$Gemplo&you

he

it

"

she

they

we























'. 777 is eating a sandwich

his him he

(. 777are cleaning the boocase

their they them

*. 77is sitting in her armchair

she hers he

. 777are writing on the des

They their them

-. 7 am looing at the cloc

my mine "

'. Harry has got a banana. 777 is going to eat it

they she he

(. Hermione hasnt got any fruit . 777is going to buy some

she they he

*. Harry and on have some coe. 77777are going to drin it

we they he

. Hermione and you havent got time.7777are going to be late

we you they

-. Harry has got a hamburger 77is going to eat it

they she he


'. 77is :ary

we

he

she

they

(.7777are at school



you

he

"

it

*. 77is my brother

she

they

"

he

.777am Tom

"

he

we

you

-. 77is a cathe

she

it

they

1. 777is a dog

are

it

he

@. ... am a boy



i

are

"

is

3. ..are in the house

Bou

she

he

"

?. 777are pretty

she

"

the

you

'M. 777 is old

we

"

it

you


'. $s my hermanomy brother is my brother He is my brother

(. Nuien es el>

Who is him> Who is he> What is he>

*. Son Tom y :ary



+re Tom and :ary She is :ary and Tom They are Tom and :ary

. Augamos al tenis

Play tennis They play tennis We play tennis

-. $s el gato

"t is the cat He is the cat She is the cat

PII:4$ PIS$S"6I

$l pronombre posesivo sustituye al sustantivo y al adGetivo posesivo =ue lo acompaa cuando este sustantivo ha sido ya anteriormente

mencionado, o cuando por el conte%to =ueda perfectamente definido&

#omo los determinantes posesivos, los pronombres posesivos conciertan con el poseedor y no con la cosa pose<da.

$n inglQs los pronombres posesivos no pueden ir precedidos de art<culos como en espaol.

$l m<o :ine

$l tuyo yours+=u< tienes algunos eGemplos&

:ine $l :<o5la m<a5los m<os5las m<asFF:<o5a,os,as

Bours $l tuyo5la tuya5los tuyos5las tuyasFFTuyo,a5os5as

His 5 hers $l suyo 5la suya 5los suyos 5las suyas de Ql, de ella, deello!FF

Iurs $l nuestro 5la nuestra 5los nuestros 5 las nuestrasFF uestro,a5os5as

Bours ;os de ustedes 5

Theirs $l suyo 5la suya 5 los suyos 5 las suyas de ellos 5 ellas!FFSuyo,a5os5as

The money is mine $l dinero es m<o.

The treasure is yours $l tesoro es tuyo 5 suyo.

The boos are his. ;os libros son de Ql.

The homewor is hers. ;a tarea es de ella.

The food is ours. ;a comida es nuestra.

The house is yours ;a casa es de ustedes

The apple is theirs. ;a manCana es deellos5ellas

:2s eGemplos

This is mine. $ste es el m<o

This is ours. $ste es la nuestra



Those are theirs. $sos son los suyos


'. :y cat is 7777

his yours mine

(. Bour cat is 7777

his yours mine

*. His cat is 7777

his yours mine

. Aohns cat is7777

his yours mine

-. This cat is 7777

her your mine

1. This car is 7777Suyo de Ql!

his hers him

@. That lorry is 7777Suyo de ella!

his hers her

3. That bie is 7777:<a!his her mine

?. That moped is7777Suya de Ql!

his hers him

'M. These boats are7777

hers her him

''. This lamp is 7777Suyo de ellos!

they theirs their

'(. Those sofas are 7777Suyo de ellas!

they theirs hers

'*. That mirror is 7777uestro!

our we ours



'. That chair is77776uestra !

yours your you

'-. These tables are7777

ours our him

'1. The birds are 7777Suyo de ellas!

they theirs hers

'@. The elephant is 7777uestro!

our we ours

'3. The butterflies are7777

ours our him

'?. The dog is 7777Suyo de ellos!

they theirs their

(M. The turtle is77776uestra !

yours your you

('. This shirt is 7777Suyo de Ql!

his hers him

((. That dress is 7777Suyo de ella!

his hers her



$; PII:4$ I4A$TI$l pronombre obGeto sustituye al nombre.

He gives:ary!her a pencil Xl le da un l2piCa :ary!

He saw themthe boys! ;os vio ;os chicos!

$l pronombre obGeto sigue a las preposiciones

With her #on ella

9or us Para nosotros

4ehind you Detr2s de ti

+ los verbos

" give them ;e doy a ellas

He loves her Xl la ama

They bought it ;o compraron

+l segundo tQrmino de la comparaciVn

He is taller than her $l es m2s alto =ue ella

Bou are older than them $res m2s mayor =ue ellos

They are faster than us $llos son m2s r2pidos =ue nosotros

$lige la respuesta correcta

'. She is fatter than7777:ary!her him it

(. She is fatter than7777Tom!

her him it

*. She is fatter than7777:ary and Aane!

them they theirs

. She is fatter than7777"!

me my mine

-. She is fatter than7777Tom and "!

our we us

1. 8ive the pencil to7777 4en!



her him it

@. 8ive the pencil to7777 4en and Tim!

they them they

3. 8ive the pencil to7777 4en and me!

us we our

?. 8ive the pencil to7777 /aren!

her she hers

'M. 8ive7777 to 4enThe pencil!

her him it

''. Show me777they!

their you them

'(. Show me777The lion!

it she he

'*. Show me777The houses!

they you them

'. Show me7777The dog!

it him he

'-. Show me77777:ary!

she her it

'1. Tell777J /ate!she her it

'@. Tell777J they!their you them

'3. Tell777J the horse!it him he

'?. Tell777J the boy!him she he

(M. Tell777J the girls!they you them

PII:4$S D$:IST+T"6IS



F;os determinantes demostrativos en inglQs acompaan al nombre.

This houseY$sta casa

That boyY+=uel nio

This $ste, esta, esto

That $se, esa, eso, a=uel, a=uella , a=uello.

These $stos, estas,

Those $sos, esas, a=uel, a=uellos, a=uellas

F;os pronombres demostrativos en inglQs

Sustituyen al nombre

:ary lie those + :ar<a le gustan esos

This is a lion $ste es un leVn

This $ste,esta.esto

That $se,esa,eso,a=uel,a=uella,a=uello.

These $stos,estas,

Those $sos,esas,a=uel,a=uellos,a=uellas

F+ veces one acompaa al pronombre cuando se =ueda sVlo en un frase.

" lie this one :e gusta este

ones acompaa a los plurales these y those.

She bought those ones $lla comprV esos.

'. $sta es la casa

This is the house

That is the house

This house

That house

(. $se libro

Thats boos

This boos

That boo

The boos

*. $sta nia



These girl

This girl

That girl

The girl

. $sta mesa

This tables

Those tables

This table

Thats table

-. $ste l2piC

This pencil

The pencil

That pencil

This is a pencil

1

. $stas son de :ary

These are :arys

This are :arys

These :arys

That is :ary

@. $stos l2pices

These pencils

The pencils

Thats pencil

These pencil

3. $stos son los nios



These are the children

This are the children

These is the children

The children

?. +=uellas son meGores

Those are better

These are better

These better

That is better

'M. $stas mesas

This tables

Those tables

These tables

Thats table

''. $sta es la chica

This is the girl

That is the girl

These are the girls

She is the girl

'(. $sos perros

These dogs

The dogs

Those dogs

That dog

'*. $stas muGeres

This woman

Those women

These women



These womans

'. $se chico es Auan

That boy is Aohn

That one is Aohn

This boy is Aohn

He is Aohn

'-. $s eso

"ts this one

"ts that

"ts that one

"s that

;IS D$T$:"+T$S "T$I8+T"6IS

$stas palabras no var<an con el nZmero singular o plural! del sustantivo al =ue se refieren&

Para hacer una frase con un pronombre interrogativo&Se pone la frase en forma de pregunta, y luego se pone el pronombre al principio.

7hatO7hatOsignifica Uué y se refiere a cosas O !u0etoob0eto

(7hat is this (VUué es esto O7hatOse traduce como OUueO

(7hat is the time (VUué hora es

+ veces se puede traducir as<&

(7hat is your name (V6uRl es tu nombre

(7hat are you eating (VUué estRs comiendo

(7hat do you read (VUué lees

7ho y what pueden funcionar como ob0eto o como su0eto en una oraciMn interrogativa.

!i actQan como su0eto no utili5arRn au2iliar )do,will,be...* para preguntar. &n cambio, si actQan comoob0eto deberRn usar el au2iliar o usar la forma interrogativa de la oraciMn.



7hyO7hyO significa VPor -ué

#as preguntas -ue se formulan con why deben contestarse con'

3ecause Por-ue....

7hy did she eat theorange

Por =uQ se comiV lanaranGa>

3ecause she was hungry Por-ue tenLa hambre.

7henWhen Significa cu2ndo

7henwill sheeat theorange

V6uRndo se comerR la naran0a

7hereWhereSignifica DVnde

7heredid she

eat theorange

VDMnde comiM la naran0a

+owO+owO tiene varios significados dependiendo a la palabra -ue lo

acompaWa'

+ow V6Mmo

+ow many VcuRntos VcuRntas

+ow much VcuRnto

+ow long VcuRnto tiempo

+ow old VUué edad tienes

+ow often V6on -ué frecuencia

+ow many orangesdid she eat

V6uRntas naran0as secomiM

+ow much did theoranges cost

V6uRnto costaron lasnaran0as

+ow long was sheeating the orange

V6uRnto tardM encomerse la naran0a

+ow often did she ateoranges

V6on -ué frecuenciacomLa man5anas



-3ic3Which significa NuQ,cu2l,cuales&

Puede ser suGeto u obGeto. Se refiere a personas o cosas.

7hich orange is she

eating

VUué naran0a se estR

comiendo7hich of you girl iseating the oranges

VUuién de ustedes niWasestR comiendo lasnaran0as

#a diferencia entre 7hat y 7hich ( es la siguiente'

6uando nos referimos a personas se suele utili5ar NwhatN. !in embargo,empleamos NwhichN cuando -ueremos ser mRs precisos y dar una elecciMnentre dos o mRs cosas'

7hoO7hoO!ignifica Uuién y puede ser su0eto u ob0eto.se refiere siempre a

personas o a cosas personificadas.

7ho iseatingtheorange

VUuién esta comiendo lanaran0a

7hoboughttheorange

VUuién comprM la naran0a

7hosePosesivo.se refiere a personas Znicamente.

7hoseis theorange

VDe -uién es la naran0a

1&A#IXA #4! !I$JI&8T&! &"&16I6I4!. A16A #A A#T&18ATIKA 6411&6TA. 6+44!& D& 6411&6T A#T&18ATIK&.



:. === are you from I am from #ondonWhich

What

Where

Who

8. 555 are 3ou eating4 I am eating fishWhich

What

Where

How much

;. 555 are 3ou4 I am (omWhich

What

Where

Who

<. 555 is 3our name4 M3 name is (om7hich

7hat

7here

+ow

J. RRR a!e ,o+K I a5 :ine 03an6sKWhich

What

Where

How

1. 777 do you study> " study $nglishwhich

what

7here











































who

B. === will you play I will play in the parkwhich

what

7here

how much

C. ===book is it It is the red onewhich

what

7here

who

. === much is the red book It is threeYwhich

what

7here

how

:E. ===does she go !he goes on ondays

which

what

7here

when

''. When did you buy the pencil>



" bought it last wee

"ts in the bag

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'(. what colour is the pencil>

"t was last wee

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'*. Where is the pencil>

"ts last wee

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'. Whose is the pencil>"ts :arys

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'-. Which pencil is it>

"ts the yellow one

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts :arys



'1. How much was the pencil>

"t was '[

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts :arys

'@. Who bought you the pencil>

:ary bought it

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'3. Why did you buy the pencil>

because it was cheap

"ts in the bag

"ts on the des

"ts blue

'?. How many pencils have you got>

"ts last wee

"ts on :onday

"ve got three

"ts blue

(M. What did you write with the pencil>

" wrote a letter

"ts on :onday

"ts on the des

"ts :arys

('. 777is the weather lie>



which What How

((. 777old are you>which what How

(*. 777pencil of the three is it>

Which What How

(. 777are you> because When How

(-. 777is your name>which What How

PII:4$S $9;$\"6IS

,'os pronom#res refle/ios se usan para

e/presar Hue la accin recae so#re el sueto.

" can see myself

:e veo

M3self meJ 3o mismo

3ouself teJ tu mismo

himself seJel mismo

herself seJella misma

itself seJello mismo

oneself unoJseJuno mismo

ourseles nosJnosotros mismos

3ourseles anJustedes mismos

themseles seJellos mismos

+lgunos eGemplos

I wash m3self 3o me lao

+he can see herself Ella se e

(he3 will #urn

themseles

Ellos se HuemarKn

=ou can do it

3ourseles

Pueden hacerlo ustedes

mismos

(he #a#3 can:t feed

himself

El #e#e no puede

alimentarse a si mismo

e looked at himself

in the mirror

El se mir al espeo



$;"8$ ;+ $SPU$ST+ #I$#T+



'. The girl cant teach 77777


(. Those men hurt77777


*. " bought777a bie


. We saw7777on that video


-. Bou painted the boat7777


. The girl canNt teach =====


@. Those men hurt77777


3. " bought777a bie


?. We saw7777on that video


'M. Bou painted the boat7777




Documents

2DA GUÍA DE INGLÉS BÁSICO