LAS MUJERES Y LA POLITICA EN PARAGUAY - LILIAN SOTO - CDE - ANO 2014 - PORTALGUARANI

7/23/2019 LAS MUJERES Y LA POLITICA EN PARAGUAY - LILIAN SOTO - CDE - ANO 2014 - PORTALGUARANI

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\u huavaemls hufaras ae

ml pkmtigl y quhuava ml pkmtigl

ae mls hufaras;

MIMILE WKRK Y CLJZIAML WGD^LZRVHLE

Mls hufarasy ml pkmtigl

ae Plrlculy


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\u huavaemls hufaras ae

ml pkmtigl y quhuava ml pkmtiglae mls hufaras;

MIMILE WKRK Y CLJZIAML WGD^LZRVHLE

Mls hufarasy ml pkmtigl

ae Plrlculy


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Gaetrk ba Bkguhaetlgie y Astubiks (GBA)

Garrk Gkr glsi Pl Praz - Lsuegie, Plrlculy

Ramnkek +191 :< ::1 000 / Nlx +191 :< :

www.gba.krc.py

Lutkrl6 Mimile Wktk Jlblui y Cljriaml Wgdvlrtzhle

Rrljlfk ba glhpk6 Pltrigik Bkjra, Zlquam Asgkjlr, Hyrel Ckezmaz y

Miz Rkrras

Abigie6 Wlebrl Jksgd Kmls

Prkyagtk crgk6 Fule Daimjkre, Lel Lylml

Ihprasie6 W^ Warvigiks Crgks

Lsuegie, bigiahjra ba :0


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Prasaetlgie

Paeslr skjra mls hufaras y ml pkmtigl, jrieblr bltks a dimks raaxi-vks qua lyubae l hkvimizlr uel leticul ralmiblb ba axgmusie ae am

saetibk ba ml iculmblb, as uel lpuastl qua am Gaetrk ba Bkguhaetl-gie y Astubiks skstiaea basba dlga tiahpk, basba mks hishks ieigiks

bam ral Hufar ae am lk


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> ramltks mls lutkrls nuarke axtrlyaebk mks iesuhks plrl ue lemisis sk-jra glbl bihaesie qua axpmkrlrke. Rahls gkhk ml ieuaegil ba mls

bahlebls ba plrtigiplgie pkmtigl, mls pksigikeas skjra mls habibls baihpumsk l ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl, am rkm ba mks asplgiks ba hufaras ae

mks plrtibks y nuarl ba ammks, mls prkpuastls prkcrlhtigls ba ceark,mls pksturls skjra tahls pkmhigks gkhk am ljkrtk k am hltrihkeikiculmitlrik, nuarke ljkrblbks pkr astl bivarsiblb ba parskels aetra-vistlbls. Ml humtipmigiblb ba pksigikeas pkmtigk-ibakmcigls, ablbas y

prkgabaegils ba quiaeas raspkebiarke l mls pracuetls, parhita dlgar-sa uel ibal skjra mk qua lpkrtl ml prasaegil ba mls hufaras l ml pkmtigl.

Pkr ktrl plrta, mls axpariaegils ba mls hufaras qua himitle ae pk-

mtigl, sus kpieikeas y pksigikeas eks ble raspuastls skjra lspagtksgkhk mls hktivlgikeas, mls rutls plrl am iecrask l ml pkmtigl, am rkm baml ramicie ae ml himitlegil pkmtigl ba mls hufaras, y mls hkbiglgikeasnlhimilras y parskelmas qua sa prkbugae gulebk sa iecrasl l ml pkmtigl.Ml hatkbkmkcl gkhpmahaetlril ba ravisie ba bltks distrigks, gule-

titltivks, y ba pargapgie y kpieie ba mls hishls hufaras qua lgtivleae pkmtigl, aetravistlbls iebivibulmhaeta k ae crupks, gketrlstlblsgke mls ba ktrls qua aste nuarl ba asa hjitk, ls gkhk ba mbaraspkmtigks dkhjras, parhita uel hirlbl l ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls

hufaras basba bistietks ecumks, hkstrlebk lristls binaraetas iegmuskba mks hishks lspagtks.

Basba am GBA namigitlhks y vlmkrlhks am asnuarzk y ml babiglgieba Mimile Wktk y Cljriaml Wgdvlrtzhle plrl prkbugir astl hirlbl quaek as axtarel lm tahl pmletalbk, siek qua sa ralmizl basba baetrk,

lpkrtlebk ba astl hlearl lmck ek nraguaeta, qua as ml raaxie y mlcaearlgie ba gkekgihiaetks skjra ml lgtiviblb pkmtigl pkr plrta basus prkpils prktlckeistls. Iculmhaeta, lcrlbagahks lm Nkebk NMKS

ba mibarlzck y kpkrtueiblbas plrl mls hufaras, ba Dkmlebl, gke guyk


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3lpkyk dl sibk pksijma astl ievasticlgie, ls gkhk l mls gkhplarlsba Gktibilek Hufar (Qruculy), bam Gaetrk Nahieistl ba Astubks a Ls-

sasskril GNAHAL(Jrlsim) y ba WKWGkrpk (Jrlsim), gke quiaeas dahksgkhplrtibk bajltas lgargl ba astl ievasticlgie y ue riqusihk trljl-

fk gkefuetk ba tras lks ae am hlrgk bam prkyagtk Ahpkbarlhiaetkba mls hufaras plrl mugdlr gketrl mls basiculmblbas. Rlhjie axpra-slhks euastrl crltitub l tkbls mls parskels qua jrieblrke su tiahpky sus paeslhiaetks plrl mls aetravistls y l quiaeas trljlflrke babigl-

blhaeta plrl qua asta mijrk sal pksijma.Asparlhks qua astl ievasticlgie lpkrta l ml prknuebizlgie ba ue

bajlta qua dky ast prasaeta ae ml skgiablb plrlculyl, park qua le

raquiara uel binusie lhpmil y ue gkhprkhisk bagibibk ba hugdkslgtkras plrl qua sal pksijma ml iculmblb ae ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl badkhjras y hufaras. As uel iculmblb eagaslril qua, gkhk mk axpraslemls lutkrls, sicua siaebk uel baubl qua ml skgiablb plrlculyl tiaeagke mls hufaras.

Gaetrk ba Bkguhaetlgie y Astubiks (GBA)


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PZMKCK

Hufar pkmtigl6

mks aeichls ba ml bulmiblb

Ml pkmtigl plrlculyl ek as ue asplgik plrtigumlrhaeta lhljma gkemls hufaras. Riaea uel guktl macismltivl ba plrtigiplgie huy jlfl si

ml gkhplrlhks gke ktrks plsas bam gketieaeta y ml prasaegil anagtivlba hufaras ae am Plrmlhaetk as le ienarikr l asa tarigk :0%. Astl

ievasticlgie ricurksl y lhael ba Mimile Wktk y Cljriaml Wgdvlrtzhle,ae tletk himitletas pkmtigls y nahieistls, dlga ue ragkrribk lplsik-eleta pkr ml maetl y bigumtksl avkmugie ba ml raprasaetlgie naha-eiel ae euastrl pkmtigl.

Asa itiearlrik ba paquaks park skstaeibks lvlegas ae ue lh-jiaeta baeslhaeta gkesarvlbkr y hlgdistl Plrlculy nua am mtihkpls ba Lhrigl Mltiel ae astljmagar am baragdk lm sunrlcik lgtivk

plrl mls hufaras eks huastrl mk mafks qua le astlhks ba mmaclr lmpmletak ba ml plriblb ae ml plrtigiplgie, ue bajlta ieigilbk gke mlBagmlrlgie ba Ltaels, ae


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% ba prasaegil na-haeiel ae


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ticlgie nua gulmitltivl, jusglebk ibaetiglr puetks ramavletas ba mlramlgie ba mls hufaras gke ml pkmtigl qua pksijimitae raspkebar l mlspracuetls priegiplmas bam astubik\u huavae mls hufaras ae ml pkmtigl y

qu huava ml pkmtigl ae mls hufaras;

Ml priharl pracuetl,\u huavae mls hufaras ae ml pkmtigl;, jus-g gkekgar lspagtks ramlgikelbks gke mls bahlebls ba ceark qua sahkvimizle gke ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras ae mks sagtkraspkmtigks y skgilmas. Lspagtks ranaribks l prkpuastls prkcrlhtigls, l

bisgursks y l uel hlykr prasaegil ba hufaras gkhk glebibltls, lsgkhk lm rkm ba mls krcleizlgikeas ba hufaras ae ml pkmtigl, tletk lmietarikr ba mls krcleizlgikeas pkmtigls gkhk ae krcleizlgikeas axtrl-plrtiblrils.

Ml sacuebl pracuetl, \u huava ml pkmtigl ae mls hufaras;, ih-

pmig ievasticlr bks bihaesikeas ba ml ramlgie ba mls hufaras gke mlpkmtigl. Pkr uel plrta, sa jusg ibaetiglr mks nlgtkras qua ieuyaeae mls hufaras plrl qua bagible plrtigiplr ae ml pkmtigl. Pkr ktrl, sa

ieblc ae gkekgar qu anagtks caearl ml pkmtigl ae mls hufaras quabagibae plrtigiplr6 si sa prkbugae glhjiks ae sus parspagtivls, ae susramlgikelhiaetks, ae sus glplgiblbas ba eackgilgie y ba afargigik bagiublblel k ae ktrks.

Mls pracuetls biricibls l raspkebar mls ietarrkcletas ba ml ievas-ticlgie nuarke raspkebibls pkr hufaras pkmtigls y ek pkmtigls, miba-

rasls y mbaras skgilmas y pkmtigks. Wa aetravist ae prknuebiblb l uetktlm ba hufaras sie himitlegil pkmtigllgtulm. Wa aetravist, lbahs, l 1 mbaras y mibarasls skgilmas y uelmibarasl y 1 mbaras pkmtigks. Mls/ks mbaras y mibarasls skgilmas nuarkesamaggikelbks gketahpmlebk ml bivarsiblb ba krcleizlgikeas qua axis-

ta ae ml skgiablb plrlculyl.Wa ralmizlrke tlhjie tras crupks nkglmas6 bks gke hufaras himitle-

tas bam Hkvihiaetk Pkmtigk Oul Pyraebl uek ba hufaras urjlels y

ktrk ba hufaras rurlmas, y ue crupk nkglm gke hufaras ba binaraetasasplgiks pkmtigks. Plrtigiplrke ue tktlm ba


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:0

Mls aetravistls cruplmas

Nuarke ralmizlbls tras aetravistls cruplmas, ba mls gulmas plrtigiplrkeue tktlm ba 3% ZQZLM

PZKGABAEGIL BA HQFAZAWBA OQL PYZAEBL AERZA^IWRLBLW

>3%

77%

:9% PZKCZAWIWRLW

3


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Mls hufaras pkmtigls y am nahieishk

Qel ba mls vlriljmas qua ietaras ievasticlr nua ml pksigie leta am na-hieishk, gkhk amahaetk qua pubiarl ieuir ae mls pksturls ranaribls

l pkmtigls ba iculmblb ba ceark. Plrl ammk sa ralmizlrke mls sicuiaetaspracuetls6 \u piaesl ustab bam nahieishk; y Wa gkesibarl k as ustab

nahieistl;Mls raspuastls iebigle qua ue >0% ba mls


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::

Ievasticlbkrls y lutkrraaxie

Astl ievasticlgie tiaea uel glrlgtarstigl plrtigumlr qua eks gkmkglleta ue lspagtk huy bajltibk ba ml ievasticlgie skgilm6 ml pksijimiblb

ba ml kjfativiblb y bam astubik basba lnuarl pkr plrta ba quiaeas ievas-ticle, sie ievkmugrlhiaetks qua ieuyle ae su glplgiblb ba lemisis kae su lbdasie l prkpuastls aspaggls. Ml axistaegil ba astl lsapsilek siahpra as lgaptlbl, gkhk mk axprasl ^zquaz ()6 Glbl

ievasticlbkr ragkestruya uel trlbigie batarhielbl sace su prkpilparspagtivl distrigl, su gkegaptk ba giaegil y sus ietarasas (gkesgiae-tas k iegkesgiaetas) ba gkekgihiaetk. Pkr mk qua ek axista uel trlbi-gie ba paeslhiaetk ihpkmutl, ae am saetibk ba ek gketlhielbl pkr

su ietrprata.

Am bajlta tkgl bivarsls lristls y aeglrlrahks lmcuels ba ammls ba-jibk l qua, ae asta astubik, mls ievasticlbkrls ske l ml vaz hufaraspkmtigls ba mlrcl trlyagtkril qua dle plrtigiplbk lgtivlhaeta ae am

mtihk prkgask amagtkrlm bam Plrlculy basba ml kpgie ba gkestruggieba ue prkyagtk pkmtigk skgilmistl y nahieistl. Astk vuamva l astl ievas-ticlgie prgtiglhaeta ue astubik basba baetrk ba ml plrtigiplgiepkmtigl ba mls hufaras y sa tkrel eagaslrik raaxikelr lm raspagtk.

Am prihar lspagtk qua surca ba astl plrtigumlriblb as qua am ietarsae ralmizlr ml ievasticlgie rasumtl nrutk ba ue prkgask ba raaxie ba

hugdks lks skjra ml pkmtigl, mls nkrhls ba axprasie ba ml plrtigipl-gie pkmtigl y ml iesargie ba mls hufaras ae astls axprasikeas. Lhjls

ievasticlbkrls himitle pkmtiglhaeta basba dlga vlrils bglbls, nra-guaetahaeta ae pksigikeas ba mibarlzck, y trljlfle l su vaz ae tahlsranaribks l ml nkrhlgie pkmtigl y l ml ievasticlgie skgilm. Astls gke-bigikeas mmavle l ue parhleaeta bimkck aetra lhjks tipks ba tlrals

baslrrkmmlbls, ls gkhk l ue bimkck aetra mls ievasticlbkrls basbahirlbls bisgipmielrils binaraetas ml skgikmkcl y mls pkmtigls pjmigls-park gkiegibaetas ae guletk lm kjfativk ba ml pkmtigl y ba mls lgtivi-

blbas lglbhigls baslrrkmmlbls6 ml jsquabl ba trlesnkrhlgie skgilmplrl ml iculmblb ba ceark y gmlsa. Astk ihpmigl qua mls ievasticlbkrlstlhjie sa dle dagdk mls pracuetls qua vuamgle ae ml ievasticlgie, yqua sa mls dle gketastlbk l mk mlrck ba su himitlegil ae pkmtigl. Parkasls raspuastls baflrke, ae hugdls kglsikeas, ml bubl skjra si sus

raaxikeas arle smk prkbugtk ba sus prkpils axpariaegils, sie elblae gkhe gke mls ba ktrls hufaras. As bagir, ue lspagtk gaetrlm ba mlsujfativiblb ba mls ievasticlbkrls nua am basak ba gkekgar hs skjra ampaeslhiaetk ba ktrls hufaras qua himitle ae am hjitk ba ml pkmtigl.


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Ktrk lspagtk ae am qua iegiba ba hlearl ihpkrtleta ml sujfativiblbba mls ievasticlbkrls as ml ibaetiglgie ba mks glhpks aspaggks ba

ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl axpmkrlbks, aspagilmhaeta ae mk qua sa raa-ra l kjstgumks y l nlgtkras iebugtkras. Mks glhpks asgkcibks nuarke,priegiplmhaeta, lquammks qua dljle haegikelbk hufaras gke mls quagketlgtlrke ae bivarsks hjitks ba ml glhpll pkmtigl qua ralmizlrke

mls ievasticlbkrls burleta mks lks :0


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Hlrgk tarigk plrl ml plrtigiplgiepkmtigl ba mls hufaras ae Plrlculy

Ml bahkgrlgil y am bajlta skjra mks gketaeibks baml bahkgrlgil gkhk hlrgk tarigk gaetrlm.

Asta astubik aehlrgl ml ramlgie ba mls hufaras gke ml pkmtigl ae am

Plrlculy ae am bajlta skjra ml bahkgrlgil y skjra am afargigik ba bara-gdks. Wi jiae sta sa dl blbk ae binaraetas hkhaetks l mk mlrck ba mldistkril plrlculyl, as ragie l plrtir ba ml elmizlgie ba ml bigtlburlstrkeistl ae


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:>

Mk qua ba tkbks hkbks rasumtl iebubljma, as qua ml bahkgrlgil asdky ml nkrhl ba ckjiarek hs lgaptlbl, gke uel bivarsiblb ba prk-puastls ba lrquitagturl iestitugikelm gkestruibls sace mls binaraetaspksigikeas ibakmcigls. Ae am hlrgk ba asta gkesaesk ihpkrtleta, lba-

hs ba mks lspagtks ranaribks l ml bahkgrlgil raprasaetltivl k plrti-gipltivl, am bajlta lpuetl l ml glmiblb ba ml bahkgrlgil y l sus gke-taeibks. Ae astls bihaesikeas, mls bahlebls ba mls hufaras dle sibkgmlvas, puas sa iesgrijae ae mls guastikeas gaetrlmas ba iegmusie y bam

ihplgtk qua tiaea am sistahl bahkgrtigk ae sus vibls.Ml iegmusie dl sibk raiviebiglbl pkr mls hufaras bahleblebk qua

am sistahl bahkgrtigk gkhpraebl ml pksijimiblb ba afargigik pmaekba baragdks k ba giublblel. Am baragdk l taear baragdks, sace

Dleeld Lraebt, sa gkevirti pkr tletk ae afa gaetrlm ba axicaegil l ml

bahkgrlgil pkr plrta ba mls hufaras.As ls qua, basba mks raquarihiaetks ba mls hufaras, ml bahkgrlgil

sa dl vistk guastikelbl tletk ae mk ranaribk l quieas ske titumlras ba

mls pksijimiblbas ba tkhlr mls bagisikeas qua ltlae lm Astlbk, gkhkl su anagtiviblb ae tletk sistahl plrl ljkrblr mks prkjmahls qua ie-tarasle l hs ba ml hitlb ba ml pkjmlgie. Qel pkjmlgie qua lnrketlsitulgikeas aspaggls tlmas gkhk ml vikmaegil ba ceark, ml raspkesl-

jimiblb glsi ae skmitlrik ba mls tlrals ba guiblbk, ml ievisijimiblb bam trl-jlfk bkhstigk, ml bigumtlb plrl am afargigik ba mks baragdks saxulmas

y raprkbugtivks k am gkeigtk qua susgitl ml bagisie skjra mks prkpiksguarpks. Mls mugdls ba mls hufaras sa nuarke suhlebk ls l mls ba ktrks

gkmagtivks, ae ragmlhk ba uel hirlbl aspaggl y ba ue sitik ae ml ba-hkgrlgil, dlgiebksa muclr ae mls bivarsls takrls plrl iegkrpkrlr uelvlrileta ba bahlebl qua sa dl vuamtk ieamubijma.

Aetra mks baragdks pkmtigks ragmlhlbks pkr mls hufaras, am baragdk l

ckjarelr as am hs ragiaetahaeta bahleblbk uel vaz axplebibk yl ambaragdk l bagibir quieas ckjiarele baragdk lm vktk plrl mls hufaras,afa ba mls mugdls sunrlcistls ba mks sicmks TITy TTburleta ml baekhielbl

priharl kml bam nahieishk. Ml axicaegil bam lggask ba mls hufaras l mksasplgiks ba pkbar pkmtigk sa baslrrkmm, nueblhaetlmhaeta, l trlvs baprkpuastls ba hagleishks ba prasaegil ba hufaras gkhk glebibltlsae nkrhl ba guktls k gupks kjmicltkriks y, hs ragiaetahaeta, gke mlbahlebl ba prasaegil plritlril, qua dl blbk kricae l mk qua iegmusk

lmcueks lutkras gkhiaezle l baekhielr bahkgrlgil plritlril.


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Ml pkmtigl gkhk bihaesie aspaggl.Ml plrtigiplgie skgilm y ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl.

Am baragdk l ckjarelr, gkhk bihaesie priegiplm ba mks baragdks pk-

mtigks, as pksijma afargarmk l trlvs ba ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl. Wi jiaepuaba aetaebarsa ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl gkhk uel nkrhl ba plrtigi-plgie skgilm, tlhjie as nlgtijma ml gkesibarlgie ba ml pkmtigl gkhkuel asnarl ba bkhieik aspaggk (Sajar,


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:4

gie skgilm, ls gkhk lquammk qua dlga l mls krcleizlgikeas pkmtiglsbasaljmas k lhljmas plrl mls hufaras aetaebiaebk astl lhljimiblbgkhk ml pksijimiblb ba iegmuirmas y parhitirmas uel plrtigiplgie aegkebigikeas ek lcrasivls.

Am lemisis ba ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras ihpmigl tlh-jie gkhpraebar qua am ievkmugrlhiaetk ae mks plrtibks k hkvihiae-tks pkmtigks ravista vlrils bihaesikeas. Am raguaetk vl basba am vktk,dlstl ml lsuegie ba glebiblturls k am afargigik ba ml biricaegil ba

uel lcruplgie pkmtigl(Himjrltd, 1, gitlbk ae Bamek y Vujia-tl, :0


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:9

Mls ibakmkcls pkmtigls y ml ramicie.

Ml axpmkrlgie ba mks lspagtks ibakmcigks viegumlbks gke ml plrtigipl-gie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras as ktrl parspagtivl gkegaptulm qua sa ljkr-

blr, priegiplmhaeta ae mk gkegareiaeta l ml ramicie. Y astk, pkrqua mksietarasas ba ceark, huy nraguaetahaeta, gkmisikele gke mls prkpuas-tls ba mls bivarsls ramicikeas ae glhpks gkhk mks baragdks saxulmas yraprkbugtivks, am rkm ba mls hufaras ae mls skgiablbas, k ml lutkekhl

skjra am prkpik guarpk. Ml axistaegil ba astls gkenrketlgikeas pkbrltaear pask ae ml baeigie ba ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufarasae sagtkras pkmtigks qua ljkrble tahls bingimas (gkhk ml pkmtigl gkeraspagtk bam ljkrtk k ml ueie aetra parskels bam hishk saxk, aetra

ktrls guastikeas), blbl ml ihpkrtlegil y ml axtaesie ba mls prgtigls

ramiciksls ae ml ae ml skgiablb plrlculyl. Ba dagdk, sace am lemisis baJkurbiau, ba ml ramicie sa asparle () skjra tkbk, fustiglgikeas sk-gilmas ba axistir ae guletk kgupleta ba uel pksigie batarhielbl ae ml

astrugturl skgilm (:007629). Ammk ihpmiglrl qua pksigikeas ibakmciglsk prkcrlhtigls rupturistls gke am krbae skgilm astljmagibk, bingimhaetasa gkhpltijimigae jiae gke mls prgtigls ramiciksls qua, lm bagir ba Jkur-biau, tiaebae l krcleizlrsa lmrababkr ba bks crlebas tipks ba situlgik-

eas skgilmas6 mls bahlebls ba macitihlgie bam krbae astljmagibk, prkpilsba mls gmlsas privimacilbls, ymls bahlebls ba gkhpaeslgie,prkpils ba mls

gmlsas basnlvkragibls (ramicikeas ba slmvlgie) (:00761


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glebiblturls, gkhk l ktrks guarpks gkmacilbks bam pkbar pjmigk k bamks sagtkras pkmtigks, sa baekhieleguktls macismltivlsgulebk kjmiclel ml iegkrpkrlgie ba hufaras ae mls mistls plrl mks glrcks amagtivks, sijiae tlhjie dle sibk lbkptlbls pkr mks plrtibks pkmtigks, l trlvs ba

sus astltutks, vkmuetlrilhaeta k pkr bispksigikeas maclmas.Am bajlta skjra am astljmagihiaetk ba mls guktls ba plrtigiplgie

pkmtigl ba mls hufaras ek dl sibk ngim. Ml eacltivl l astljmagarmls sadl jlslbk ae lmaclr qua, lm sar uel ihpksigie, vikmlrl priegipiks ba-

hkgrtigks. Wa lrcuhaet tlhjie qua mls guktls eaclrle am hritkeagaslrik plrl lggabar l mks asplgiks ba pkbar y qua sa nkrzlrle ls-pagtks gumturlmas ranaribks l ml prkpil rasistaegil ba mls hufaras l plr-tigiplr bam pkbar pkmtigk. Rkbls astls lrcuhaetlgikeas dle sibk rajl-

tibls pkr am hkvihiaetk nahieistl, am hkvihiaetk lhpmik ba hufaras

y mks sagtkras qua lgkhplle mls bahlebls ba iculmblb, mkcrebksauel axplesie ba ml lbkpgie ba astls habibls. Ae Lhrigl Mltiel yam Glrija displek, mls guktls sa axtaebiarke rpiblhaeta ae ml bglbl

ba mks ekvaetl, y nua Lrcaetiel am prihar pls qua lprkj ae


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7,gulebk nuarke utimizlbls plrl sammlr lmilezls, gkhk hlek ba kjrl ygkhk raprkbugtkrls.

Mks astubiks ba letrkpmkcls a distkrilbkrls gkhk Wuseio (1),Zkumat (


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7>

bls l ml vicaegil y am simaegik, nuarke sie ahjlrck quiaeas aesalrkeam culrle l sus difks hastizks, quiaeas gkesarvlrke am hlz y ml hle-bikgl ae sus gkgiels y sacurlhaeta quiaeas ieigilrke l mks jmlegks aeam lhlrck ritulm bam hlta.

As bagir, hs lmm ba qua mls hufaras iebcaels iegmusk nuarke gke-sibarlbls harglegl3ba ietarglhjik plrl mls lmilezls k dlstl plrl mlkjtaegie ba kjfatks, tuviarke am rkm gaetrlm, gmlrlhaeta pkmtigk, bagkevartir l ml maecul ba mks bkhielbks ae ibikhl ba ml elgie qua sa

astljl gkestruyaebk. Zijairk Bl Wimvl (:0


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73

vlmks, y ae mks bkguhaetks ba bajlta ba ml pkgl qua Jlrairk, Hketay Wktk (


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74

gl asta lggask. Zagie l plrtir bam elm bam parikbk strkeistl sa ieigilemks ragmlhks sistahtigks pkr ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufarasae am afargigik bam pkbar. Ae mks ieigiks ba mks lks 90 sa prkpkeaehagleishks gkhk mls guktls macismltivls qua mkcrle iegkrpkrlrsa ae

am Gbick Amagtkrlm ba y, l plrtir ba aetkegas, sa prkbuga ueluhaetk skstaeibk ba ml prasaegil ba hufaras ae ml pkmtigl y ae mksasplgiks ba pkbar pjmigk.

Mls bahlebls nahieistls ae am euavk sicmk sa vle kriaetlebk dlgil

uel bahkgrlgil plritlril, bkeba am baragdk l ckjarelr sal anagtivktletk plrl dkhjras gkhk plrl hufaras. Wie ahjlrck, am bajlta ek asngim y le ek ast axtaebibk ae ml skgiablb plrlculyl, bkeba sicuaprabkhielebk uel gumturl pkmtigl lutkritlril, pltrilrglm y axgmuyae-

ta. Asl gumturl qua, suhlbl l mks lspagtks astrugturlmas, sicua pkeiae-

bk iegketljmas kjstgumks l ml plrtigiplgie pmael ba mls hufaras ae mlbagisie skjra mk qua sugaba ae ml skgiablb plrlculyl.

Ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras aeml racie. Am gkekgihiaetk elgikelm y suviegumlgie gke am gkekgihiaetk racikelm.

Ml trlyagtkril ragkrribl pkr mls hufaras plrlculyls ae jusgl ba suplrtigiplgie baja sar mabl ae gmlva racikelm, ramlgikelbl gke mks prk-gasks ba lquammks plsas qua gkhplrtae uel hishl rlz distrigl bagkmkeizlgie y bkhielgie, ba ahlegiplgikeas, ba rachaeas raprasi-

vks y ba gkrriaetas bahkgrltizlbkrls.Plrl asjkzlr ue hlrgk caearlm ba asta ragkrribk gkhe mltiekl-

hariglek, gke sus racumlriblbas y plrtigumlriblbas, tkhlrahks gkhkamahaetks lelmtigks mks sicuiaetas6 l) am baragdk l amacir y sar amaci-

bls? j) ml lpmiglgie ba mls guktls y sus rasumtlbks? y g) ml prasaegil ba

mls hufaras ae mks plrmlhaetks, ae mks afagutivks elgikelmas y ae mksckjiareks mkglmas.


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Am baragdk l amacir y sar amacibls.

Wi jiae l elmas bam sicmk TITyl sa dljle ieigilbk mls bahlebls bambaragdk lm vktk plrl mls hufaras ae lmcueks plsas gkhk Jrlsim y Dke-

burls


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20

glsk ba Plelh, am hishk lk ae am qua sa racmlhaetl am vktk naha-eiek as amagtl uel biputlbl elgikelm plrl plrtigiplr ae ml LslhjmalGkestituyaeta. Plrlculy, ue lk baspus ba dljar ragkekgibk am ba-ragdk lm vktk l mls hufaras, tuvk yl bks ietacrletas ae am Plrmlhaetk

Elgikelm. Ae mks plsas qua tuviarke l uel hufar gkhk prasibaetl,plslrke bks bglbls pkstarikras l ml kjtaegie bam baragdk lm vktk,gkhk heihk, plrl am lggask ba hufaras l ml biraggie bam Pkbar Afa-gutivk ba sus plsas.

Ktrl ba mls jragdls ae am prkgask ba gkeskmiblgie ba ml giublblelpkmtigl nahaeiel sa ramlgikel gke mls bihaesikeas suparpuastls bakprasie


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22 hufaras iebcaels, ba mls 44

amagtls, y uel hufar ba kricae quagdul nua basicelbl gkhk prasibae-tl ba ml Lslhjmal Gkestituyaeta.

Ml lpmiglgie ba mls guktls y sus rasumtlbks.

Burleta ml bglbl ba mks ekvaetl, y ae am hlrgk ba mls rankrhls pk-

mtigls ihpmahaetlbls ae ml racie, ml bisgusie skjra ml plrtigiplgiepkmtigl ba mls hufaras cir ae tkrek l ml puastl ae hlrgdl ba hagl-eishks gkegratks qua mks Astlbks bajle lbkptlr gke am kjfativk babishieuir ml axgmusie nahaeiel ae mks asplgiks ba pkbar. Ae asta sae-

tibk, y gkhplrtiaebk am lemisis ba Gristiel Hkearak Ltiaezl (:003),sa ljriarke bks vartiaetas ihpkrtletas. Pkr ue mlbk, ml trlesvarslmiblb,y pkr ktrk mlbk, mls baekhielbls lggikeas pksitivls. Mls guktls k pkr-

gaetlfas sa ahpazlrke l astljmagar l ieigiks ba mks lks ekvaetl gkhklggikeas pksitivls, siaebk Lrcaetiel am prihar pls mltieklhariglek aeietrkbugirmls ae su macismlgie ae am lk


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2:

Ba tkbks hkbks, ml raprasaetlgie ba hufaras qua lsuhi am < bafumik ba :0


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Prasaegil ba mls hufaras ae mks afagutivkselgikelmas y ae mks ckjiareks mkglmas.

Wi gkesibarlhks l tkbl Lhrigl Mltiel y am Glrija, iegmuyaebk lm Gl-

rija lecmkslfe, aetra :00> y :0-:0


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miblrils y krcleizlgikeas skgilmas ba jlsa park, plrlbfiglhaeta, mksprkhabiks racikelmas ba pkrgaetlfas ba hufaras lm nraeta ba mks afa-gutivks hueigiplmas y ae mks gkegafks hueigiplmas as jlfk. Wace mksbltks bam Kjsarvltkrik ba Iculmblb ba Ceark ba Lhrigl Mltiel y am

Glrija ba ml GAPLMl kgtujra ba :0


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miel, y sus astrugturls ba pkbar ske tkblvl huy mihitletas plrl mlshufaras. Am crle bgit pkmtigk ast blbk ae ml jlfl plrtigiplgie ysujraprasaetlgie ba hufaras partaeagiaetas l mks sagtkras hs ax-gmuibks. Iebcaels, lnrkbasgaebiaetas, glhpasiels, trlesitle ue barrk-

tark hlrcielm ae am vlstk glhpk bahkgrtigk mltieklhariglek, mk quatrla l ml muz ml eagasiblb ba bisgutir mls trlesnkrhlgikeas eagaslrils bamks sistahls pkmtigks ae trhieks ba trlesnkrhlgie ba mls ramlgikeasba sujkrbielgie rlgilm, teigl, ba ceark y ba gmlsa.

Plrlculy gke prkgasks razlclbks ae am gketaxtk racikelm.

Ae am asgaelrik racikelm, Plrlculy ast pkr bajlfk ba tkbks mks prkha-biks ba plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras. Le gketlebk gke ha-gleishks ba guktls bam :0% plrl glrcks pmuriekhielmas, ae eiecuek

ba mks eivamas sa mkcrl lmglezlr uel hlsl grtigl qua parhitl basltlrprkgasks hs lhpmiks ba plrtigiplgie. Gke asta rithk ba gragihiaetk,si ml trlyagtkril nuarl miealm, tlrblrlhks hugdls bglbls ae mkcrlr mlplriblb ae mks asplgiks ba bagisie. Mks asnuarzks ievartibks ae nkrhl-

gie ba mibarlzcks nahaeieks basba mks asplgiks giublbleks ek plra-gae sar sugiaetas, y basba am hjitk ba mls pkmtigls pjmigls ek dly

ihpumsks siceigltivks.

Nuaeta6 amljkrlgie prkpil gke bltks ba Rrijuelm Wuparikr ba Fustigil Amagtkrlm ba Plrlculy,prkvabks plrl astl ievasticlgie, y bam bam Kjsarvltkrik ba Iculmblb ba Ceark plrl Lhrigl Mltiely am Glrija ba ml GAPLM, kjtaeibks am 1 ba ekviahjra ba :0,1% :>%

% Afagutivks hueigiplmas % 1,4%

% Macismltivk elgikelm :3,


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2>

Am gketaxtk pkmtigk. Mks plrtibks y hkvihiaetks pkmtigksae Plrlculy. ^isie y lggikeas ba mls krcleizlgikeaspkmtigls plrl ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras.

Ml distkril ba mks plrtibks pkmtigks ae Plrlculy iebigl qua ml hlykrlba ammks, y skjra tkbk mks bks crlebas plrtibks trlbigikelmas ml Lsk-gilgie Elgikelm Zapujmiglel (LEZk Plrtibk Gkmkrlbk) y am PlrtibkMijarlm Zlbiglm Lutetigk (PMZL) qua dlstl dky sujsistae, sa nkrhl-rke ae ml mcigl bam paeslhiaetk mijarlm y kmicrquigk prabkhieletaae ml pkgl ae ml qua nuarke nueblbks. Ml axgmusie ba mls hufarasnua uek ba mks lspagtks qua lhjks plrtibks gkhplrtiarke. Ba dagdk,

ae eiecuek ba ammks raslmtle mibarlzcks pkmtigks ba hufaras ae susraspagtivls distkrils dlstl ml sacuebl hitlb ba mks lks kgdaetl, si

jiae bastlglbls nahieistls ba ml priharl hitlb ba asl bglbl, gkhkWarlel Bvlmks y ktrls qua mugdlrke pkr ml kjtaegie bam vktk ba mls

hufaras ae am pls, nkrhljle plrta ba plrtibks pkmtigks. Qek ba mkslspagtks, qua prkjljmahaeta iegibl ae astl asglsl prasaegil ba hufa-ras, nua am lhjiaeta vikmaetk qua sa vivi ae mks plrtibks pkmtigks plrl-culyks prgtiglhaeta basba ml lplrigie ba mks hs leticuks, ae


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glebiblturls iebapaebiaetas y ktrls rankrhls gmlvas gkhk mk haegik-ele Jlrairk y Wktk (:00>6321)6

Ae asta hlrgk, sa slegikel ae


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mtigls qua ae lmcueks glsks dle sibk anharls y ae ktrks tiaebae l mlgkeskmiblgie, gke binaraetas tlhlks y bisputlebk dlstl ldkrl uepkrgaetlfa ek hlykr bam :0% bam amagtkrlbk. Ba dagdk, am 40% ba mksvktks sicua hkekpkmizlbk pkr mks bks plrtibks distrigks bam Plrlculy,

ml LEZy am PMZL. Ammk ihpmigl qua si jiae mks plrtibks prkcrasistls y mksplrtibks gkesarvlbkras paquaks gkhk ml QELGApuabae taear habi-bls gkhk ml plriblb, lm kjtaear asglsks pkrgaetlfas ba vktks sa gkh-pkrtle ae ralmiblb gkhk glebiblturls ba girguesgripgikeas paquals,

bkeba mls gljazls ba mistls ske mls ihpkrtletas.


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1

Hisikeas :

Plrlculr 2

Lmtk Plrle 4

Gaetrlm


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1>

Gkhk puaba varsa, mks bltks iebigle qua, anagtivlhaeta, sa dlprkbugibk ue luhaetk ba ml prasaegil pkmtigl ba hufaras ae as-tls bks mtihls bglbls, hs lmm bam asglsk pkrgaetlfa astljmagibkgkhk guktl kjmicltkril. Mls hufaras dle bahleblbk y mkcrlbk gkmk-

glr gkhk ue tahl ragkekgibk ml axicaegil ba hlykr prasaegil. Wieahjlrck, asta lvlega as maetk, gke ue rithk qua, ba hletaearsa,parhitir lmglezlr ml plriblb l eivam macismltivk ragie ae uels giegkbglbls hs.

Hs lmm ba mks eharks qua huastrle am gragihiaetk ba ml pra-saegil ba hufaras ae mks asplgiks ba pkbar pkmtigk luequa l uerithk maetk y ba ml parsistaegil ba kjstgumks, ml pargapgie baml biricaegil pkmtigl as qua, anagtivlhaeta, dly ue luhaetk ba ml

prasaegil ba hufaras, mk qua iebigl qua sa ektle mks lvlegas. Pkr

afahpmk, astl as ml magturl qua tiaea uel ba mls mibarasls pkmtigls baLsuegie aetravistlbl6

Ae astl atlpl, dly hs hufaras qua aste dlgiaebk pkmtigl,l paslr ba qua yk ek vak qua sa dlyle hkbiglbk mls astrugtu-rls ei rasuamtk mks kjstgumks plrl dlgar pkmtigl ae mks plrtibksk hkvihiaetks skgilmas. Park dly hugdls hs hufaras ae mu-

clras ba bagisie (hufar mibarasl pkmtigl).

Ml ieuaegil ba mls bahlebls ae mlraprasaetlgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras.

Am lvlega ba mls hufaras ae ml raprasaetlgie pkmtigl as, iebubl-jmahaeta, kjrl ba ml mugdl ba mls hufaras. Wie ahjlrck, tlhjie

rasumtl ihpkrtleta ibaetiglr si am ragmlhk nahaeiek guaetl gke uelragapgie pksitivl caearlmizlbl pkr plrta ba mls biricaegils pkmtigls

y ae ml skgiablb. Gkhk rasumtlbk ba astl ievasticlgie, as pksijmalrhlr qua mls bahlebls ba plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras

ske ragkekgibls, ae caearlm, gkhk fustls pkr plrta ba mks biricaetas(dkhjras) ba mks plrtibks pkmtigks aetravistlbks. Wa ragkekga lba-hs qua, si jiae dle axistibk lvlegas, ml prasaegil ba mls hufaras aeml pkmtigl gketiel siaebk asglsl, gkhk mk axprasl ue biricaeta pk-

mtigk prkcrasistl lm haegikelr ml gketrlbiggie aetra mk qua aeuegilsu sagtkr y ml ralmiblb6


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Ae am prkpik aeuegilbk ba su plrtibk y ae sus bagmlrlgik-eas dljml siahpra bam tahl ceark, gke am ragkekgihiaetk baml plrtigiplgie ba mls hufaras y ml eagasiblb ba qua ask saval raaflbk ae trhieks ba gkebuggie k ae trhieks ba

glebiblturls. Park ml ralmiblb as ktrl, ml gkebuggie ae s astgkhpuastl hlykritlrilhaeta pkr dkhjras _X, y ae ramlgiel mls glebiblturls mk hishk6 mls glebiblturls ba hufaras skejlstletas ektkrils pkr mk asglsls (dkhjra biricaeta pkmtigk

ba sagtkr prkcrasistl).

Ml prasie ba mls hufaras lm ietarikr ba mks plrtibks y hkvihiae-tks pkmtigks, ls gkhk ae ml skgiablb ae caearlm, as uek ba mks nlgtk-

ras gmlvas plrl ml lhpmilgie ba ml prasaegil pkmtigl ba mls hufaras6

am hpatu ba mls krcleizlgikeas ba hufaras parhiti qua sa lggabll ml bagisie ae mks plrtibks pkmtigks, tlm y gkhk mk haegikel uelbiricaeta pkmtigl. Mks crupks y hkvihiaetks ba hufaras nuarzle l

mks sagtkras pkmtigks, basba lnuarl k basba lbaetrk, l iegkrpkrlrhabibls lrhltivls, y nuarzle tlhjie am luhaetk ba glebiblturlsnahaeiels.

Astks rasumtlbks sa prkbugae hs lmm ba ml siegariblb gke ml

gulm sa axprasle mls biricaegils hlsgumiels gke ramlgie l ml plr-tigiplgie pkmtigl nahaeiel. Mls axprasikeas, ae hugdls kglsik-

eas, smk ihpmigle ue bisgursk pkmtiglhaeta gkrragtk, park ek uelietaegie ralm ba hkbiglr ml asglsl prasaegil ba hufaras, gkhk

mk ragkekgae mks biricaetas pkmtigks lm lelmizlr mls rlzkeas pkr mlsgulmas sa dljml ba ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl nahaeiel y ek sa lggikelplrl mkcrlrml6

Pkr uel guastie amagtkrlm, ba vktks6 as uel guastie ih-pkrtleta pkrqua raprasaetl lm 10% bam amagtkrlbk _X. Grakhs jiae qua, pkr ue guhpmihiaetk y ek baflr ba mlbk, siah-

pra sa dljml ba mls hufaras, ba ml fuvaetub, ba mks trljlflbk-ras, park ba uel hlearl huy aeuegiltivl y caearlm _X. Wadljmljl ba plrtigiplgie, park ek sa bagl ghk _X, ek sabagl gkegratlhaeta ba astl nkrhl, arle guastikeas huy ca-earlmas, dlstl guastikeas supargilmas birl (dkhjra biricaeta

pkmtigk ba sagtkr gkesarvlbkr).

Ae caearlm, as pksijma ibaetiglr ae mls kpieikeas ba mls parskels

aetravistlbls tras rlzkeas priegiplmas pkr mls gulmas sa prkbugae mks


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14

Wie ahjlrck, gkhk yl sa dl bigdk, am lvlega as maetk. Gumas skemls rlzkeas ba astl maetitub; Pkr qu, si ragkekgae ml basiculmblb, mks

sagtkras pkmtigks ek lpuastle pkr hkbiglr ml situlgie; Mls hufaraspkmtigls ibaetigle gmlrlhaeta am hlgdishk gkhk am priegiplm kjs-tgumk plrl qua mks sagtkras pkmtigks lpuastae l ml iculmblb pkmtiglaetra dkhjras y hufaras. Y astk aharca gke nuarzl gulebk sa trltl

ba lelmizlr qua mls hufaras s ske gkevkglbls plrl am trljlfk, park ekplrl mls bagisikeas ae mls krcleizlgikeas pkmtigls.

Plrl trljlflr, nlhksk6 ld s mls hufaras. \uie sa raspke-sljimizl ba mls gksls; Y numlel! Ld s. Asl as ml gumturl ba mksplrlculyks. Y plrl ml tkhl ba bagisikeas, ek (hufar pkmtiglba sagtkr gkesarvlbkr).

Wiahpra dly binaraegils gke mks vlrkeas pkrqua ske huyhlgdistls? si ievitle, s? k ,si ek, bl mk hishk, si as pkr ammksek vle l ievitlr. L vagas yk ha vky y aetrk ekhs, sa kmvible

qua mls hufaras tiaeae qua plrtigiplr, ek sljae qu dlgar sie

mls hufaras, park tlhpkgk mls sljae taear ae guaetl (hufarpkmtigl ba sagtkr gkesarvlbkr).

Ktrk lspagtk gmlrlhaeta ibaetigljma as qua ae mks plrtibks pkmti-gks dly asglsk bajlta skjra mks prkjmahls y mls bigumtlbas qua lnrke-tle mls hufaras plrl su plrtigiplgie pkmtigl, ls gkhk pkgk ietars ae

bisalr hagleishks plrl suparlr mks iegkevaeiaetas6

ZLVE LZCQHAERK

Prasie ba mls hufaras Mls hufaras krcleizlbls (k ek) axicae, tiaeae hpatu.

Kpkrtueishk amagtkrlmMls hufaras raprasaetle am 10% bam amagtkrlbk y ek sapuaba kjvilr qua raprasaetle pksijmas vktks.

As pkmtiglhaeta gkrragtkQel skgiablb qua lvlezl ek sa puaba eaclr l ragkekgarml eagasiblb ba plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras.

GQLBZK 1

PKZ \Q L^LEVL ML PLZRIGIPLGIE PKMRIGL BA MLW HQFAZAW;

lvlegas ae ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl nahaeiel6 ml prasie ba mls hu-faras, am kpkrtueishk amagtkrlm y ml eagasiblb ba ue bisgursk pkmti-glhaeta gkrragtk.


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Bisgusikeas gkhk ue ljkrblfa plrl hkbiglr situlgikeasek, ralmhaeta ek. Wke gkhaetlriks, ibals, jusgls raprasaetl-gie, qua sa jusqua dlgarmk gkhjielbk, qua gulebk dlyl gur-sks plrl fvaeas y ek fvaeas sa amifl pkr mk haeks ue targik ba

hufaras, park ek mmacl l sar ue gkekgihiaetk ae prknuebiblbba qu as mk qua ihpiba qua dlyl uel hlykr prasaegil y bie-higl ba ml hufar (dkhjra biricaeta pkmtigk prkcrasistl).

Ae am hkvihiaetk dljl guastikeas huy caearlmas, bkebasa dljmljl ba blrma am asplgik gkrraspkebiaeta l ml hufar, parkek guastikeas huy prknuebls, ek guastikeas huy gkegratls,arle guastikeas caearlmas ae nlvkr ba ml hufar y ba su plrtigi-

plgie ae ml pkmtigl k ae mks prkyagtks ba ckjiarek (dkhjra

biricaeta pkmtigk gkesarvlbkr).

Ml biricaegil hlsgumiel, y tlhjie lmcuels hufaras, gkesibarle

qua mls hishls hufaras sa axgmuyae ba ml pkmtigl, tletk pkr guastik-eas ranaribls l ml supuastl maflel ba ml pkmtigl ba sus vibls, gkhk l mlnuarta gkeskmiblgie ba mks rkmas ba ceark qua gketiele gkeelebkl mls hufaras lm hjitk bam dkclr, gkhk raspkesljmas ba mls tlrals

bkhstigls y ba grilezl.

GQLBZK >

PKZ \Q EK WA L^LEVL HW ZPIBK AE MLPLZRIGIPLGIE PKMRIGL BA MLW HQFAZAW;

GLQWL LZCQHAERK

Hlgdishk Mks dkhjras ek ihpumsle l mls hufaras l plrtigiplr.

Lusaegil ba bajltaskjra ml plrtigiplgiepkmtigl ba mls hufarasae mks plrtibks.

Plrtibks pkmtigks gke asglsk ietars plrl lelmizlr mlsbigumtlbas ba mls hufaras plrl ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl.

Plrtibks pkmtigks sie ietars ae bajltir hagleishks baihpumsk l ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras.

Nlmtl ba ietars ba mlshufaras ae ml pkmtigl.

Ek dly nkrhlgie pkmtigl plrl mls hufaras.Mls hufaras gketiele kguplebk rkmas trlbigikelmas ba ceark.

Gke ramlgie l mls habibls lrhltivls gkhk mls guktls k ml plriblb,mls hufaras pkmtigls ae caearlm lpkyle ml ihpmletlgie ba mls hishls,

y ae ml glhpll amagtkrlm ba :0


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>0

Wie ahjlrck, ae ml biricaegil pkmtigl hlsgumiel ek sa visulmizl ue

ietars ae qua astls habibls sale lpmiglbls, gkhk puaba gkestltlrsaae vlrils axprasikeas, iegmusk ae mls bam lgtulm prasibaeta ba ml Zap-jmigl, Dkrlgik Glrtas6

Burleta su lmkgugie, am glebibltk sa hkstr ae gketrl bamks nlhksks gupks nahaeieks, tletk baetrk bam Plrtibk Gk-mkrlbk gkhk ae am Gkecrask, y lsacur qua mls hufaras bajae

taear hs asplgiks pkr sus glplgiblbas y ek pkr ihpksigie.Ae euastrk plrtibk mk qua dly ske mks nlhksks gupks, bkeba :

Wace mks rasumtlbks ba astl ievasticlgie, sa ragkekga ml asglsl

prasaegil ba hufaras ae ml lrael pkmtigl y sa lsuha qua mls bahleblsba hlykr plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ske fustls. Astk ek ihpmigl, sie ahjlr-ck, qua sa vale gkhk eagaslrils mls habibls qua puable lgamarlr astlplrtigiplgie pkr plrta ba mls biricaegils pkmtigls. Qel hlykr prasae-

gil ba hufaras ae ml pkmtigl sa pmletal gkhk binaribl, l gkegratlrsa aeue tiahpk nuturk iebaeibk, y siahpra pkstarclbl pkr ktrls urcaegils.

Pkr ktrk mlbk, ek sa gkesibarl am tahl mk sugiaetahaeta ramavletagkhk plrl ihpumslrmk, hs lmm ba mk gkyueturlm a iegmusk bam kpkrtu-

eishk amagtkrlm.Rkbk astk iebigl ml eagasiblb ba bisalr astrltacils plrl qua ml

maetitub bam lvlega ek sa gkeviartl ae ue astleglhiaetk. Rlhjierasumtl uel gkegmusie ihpkrtleta axpraslr qua ek sa avibaegil uel

binaraegil sustlegilm aetra mibarlzcks y hufaras pkmtigls ba sagtkrasprkcrasistls k gkesarvlbkras raspagtk l ml pksigie skjra mls habiblslrhltivls k ba plriblb. Y glja pracuetlrsa si mks bisgursks l nlvkr ba

PKWIGIE LERAGQKRLW K PLZIBLB

BIHAEWIKEAW LZCQHAERKW

Kpksigie

Zamltivls lm hritk. Wa slglrl muclr l ml caeta qua tiaea hritks.

Zamltivls l ml glplgiblb.As eagaslrik bahkstrlr glplgiblb yml guktl ek clrletizl glplgiblb.

Ihpksigie. Ml guktl as bisgrihieltkril, kjmiclr ek as ml vl.

Zamltivls l ml utimiblb ralm ba ml guktlplrl uel hlykr prasaegil ba hufaras.

Ml gletiblb ba hufaras ek as clrletlba plrtigiplgie anagtivl.

Zamltivls l ml ihpkrtlegil ba ml gletiblb bahufaras plrl uel plrtigiplgie anagtivl.

As iekgul, ba jkgl plrl lnuarl, puas mlshufaras gketiele lpkylebk l mks dkhjras.

Pksigie iebaeibl/lhjicablb (s

park bingim).

Gumpljimizlgie ba mls hufaras. Mls hufaras ek quiarae bisputlr am pkbar pkmtigk.

Gritarik ba ralmiblb pkmtigl. Ek ast lgkrba l euastrl ralmiblb/ek as ralmistl.

Lpkyk, park pmletalebkguiblbks k tahkras.

Hagleishk eagaslrik. Ml guktl as eagaslril plrl qua mls hufarasplrtigipae.

Hagleishk qua puaba sar tagdk. Mls guktls l vagas ske tagdks plrl mls hufaras.

Lpkyk

Gritarik ba iculmblb.Mls hufaras tiaeae ml hishl glplgiblbqua mks dkhjras plrl dlgar pkmtigl.

Gritarik ba binaraegil.Mls hufaras gkekgae hs ml ralmiblb,sljae lbhieistrlr ue dkclr.Mls hufaras tiaeae uel visie binaraeta.

GQLBZK 4

PKWIGIKEAW Y LZCQHAERKW LERA GQKRLW K HABIBLW BA PLZIBLB


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ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls prkpils hufaras pkmtigls sa aeuegileae ralmiblb gke nuarzl y gke pask ihpkrtleta ae am gkefuetk ba susprkpuastls y prakguplgikeas.

Am rkm ba mks asplgiks ba hufaras lm ietarikr bamks plrtibks y hkvihiaetks pkmtigks. Am rkm ba mlskrcleizlgikeas ba hufaras axtrlplrtiblrils.

Ae am lemisis skjra ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras, as ama-haetlm axlhielr gke kfk grtigk mls astrltacils baspmaclbls lm ieta-rikr ba mks plrtibks y hkvihiaetks pkmtigks ae lrls bam iegrahaetk

ba mibarlzcks nahaeieks y su plrtigiplgie ae tkbks mks eivamas babiricaegil.

Ae asta lplrtlbk sa lelmizlr am rkm y ml utimiblb ba mks asplgiks as-paggks ba hufaras lm ietarikr ba mls krcleizlgikeas pkmtigls, gkhk

ske mls sagratlrls ba ml hufar, gkhits plrtiblriks ba hufaras, gkhi-sikeas ba ceark y lskgilgikeas ba blhls. Am lemisis plrta basba mlsvkgas ba mls prkpils hufaras pkmtigls qua dle sibk gkesumtlbls, aeaetravistls iebivibulmas y cruplmas, ae am hlrgk ba astl ievasticlgie.

Am sicuiaeta gulbrk rasuha mls kpieikeas ba mls aetravistlbls gkeramlgie lm rkm k nuegie qua basahpale astks crupks ietareks, jl-sebksa ae vivaegils gkegratls ba himitlegil plrtiblril.

ZKM KJFARI^KW PZGRIGLW IBAERINIGLBLW

Prkhkgie ba mibarlzcksnahaeieks a ihpumskba prkpuastls baiculmblb ba ceark.

- Iegrahaetlr ml plrtigiplgiepkmtigl ba mls hufaras.

- Ihpumslr pkmtigls ba iculmblb.

- Bktlr ba gkekgihiaetks l mls hufarasplrl ml banaesl ba sus baragdks pkrhabik ba tlmmaras, aeguaetrks, atg.

- Krcleizlr lggikeas gkegratls ba banaesl

pkr mks baragdks ba mls hufaras.- Nlgimitlr ml krcleizlgie ba mls hufaras ae mlastrugturl plrtiblril (pkr jlrriks, bistritks, atg.).

- Ihpumslr prkpuastls ba iculmblb ba cearkl sar iegkrpkrlbls ae mks prkcrlhlspkmtigks y astltutks plrtiblriks.

- Pktaegilr, bielhizlr y visijimizlrmibarlzcks nahaeieks.

- Caearlr kpkrtueiblbas ba trljlfk, bankrhlgie prknasikelm y ba prkbuggie.

- Baslrrkmmlr tahls y lggikeas ramlgikelbksgke mk skgilm y gkhueitlrik.

GQLBZK 9

ZKM BA MLW KZCLEIVLGIKEAW IERZLPLZRIBLZILW BA HQFAZAW.


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>2

Ml gkhpraesie ba mks rkmas ba asta tipk ba asplgiks ek puaba qua-

blr nuarl bam lemisis ba ml prkpil astrugturl plrtiblril, tletk ae subihaesie ibakmcigl gkhk ae ml biehigl ba mls ramlgikeas ba pkbarqua sa ble ae su ietarikr. Rletk plrtibks gkesarvlbkras gkhk prkcra-sistls, hs lmm ba sus ibalriks, hletiaeae prgtigls viegumlbls gke ml

trlbigie pkmtigl pltrilrglm qua parhale ae tkbks mks eivamas, iegmuskae mks asplgiks gralbks plrl ihpumslr ml plrtigiplgie ba mls hufaras

ae ml lrael pkmtigl.Gke asta aenkqua, sa puaba lsacurlr qua ek sar axgmusivlhaeta

basba astks asplgiks basba bkeba sa mkcrlr ravartir ml axgmusie bahufaras ba ml biricaegil pkmtigl. Park, lbahs, as ietarasleta var quamks hishks puabae taear am anagtk ba ramaclr uel saria ba tahls lmgkesibarlrmks tahls ba hufaras, y llbir l mls hufaras l ml as-

trugturl krcleizltivl ae eivamas supargilmas ba plrtigiplgie.Ba mks hmtipmas rkmas ibaetiglbks pkr habik ba mls aetravistls, sa

puabae kjsarvlr ae caearlm bks taebaegils ba kpieie6 lquamml qua


Pmltlnkrhl ba

trlesigie dlgil uehlykr prktlckeishk.

- Caearlr asplgiks prkviskriks y aspaggks

ba praplrlgie ba mls hufaras plrlbisputlr asplgiks ae ktrks eivamas.

- Nkrhlr asplgiks plrl qua mls hufaras ahpiagael plrtigiplr ae mk pkmtigk. Puetk ba plrtibl plrl mlhimitlegil, gke hlykr ramavlegil ae zkels rurlmas.

- Praplrlr pkmtiglhaeta l mls hufaras6

nkrhlgie y ahpkbarlhiaetk.- Nlgimitlr ml axprasie, ml asgugdl, amietarglhjik ba axpariaegils, am ramlgikelhiaetky ml gkelezl aetra gkhplarls.

- Lelmizlr y gkhpraebar mls ralmiblbas aspaggls bamls hufaras, tkhlr gkegiaegil ba sus kprasikeas.

Zastriggie ygkeelhiaetk.

- Mihitlr ml plrtigiplgie pkmtiglba mls hufaras, bastieebkmas ue

asplgik hlrcielm ae ml astrugturl.

- Bamaclr ae mls hufaras lgtiviblbas balsistaegilmishk, glriblb y lgtiviblbaskrcleizltivls gkhk jlrrar am muclr ba raueie,aeglrclrsa ba gkgielr plrl mks aeguaetrks,bagkrlr mls astls k avaetks, atg.

- Rrltlr ae astks asplgiks axgmusivlhaeta

mks tahls ba hufaras, hiaetrls qua mksvlrkeas trltle mks tahls elgikelmas.- Zabugir ml plrtigiplgie ba mls hufarasl astks asplgiks, axgmuyebkmls bamks asplgiks ba hlykr bagisie.

Macitihlgie/raprkbuggie ba mlsramlgikeas pltrilrglmas.

- Nkrtlmagar ml mcigl pltrilrglmlm ietarikr bam plrtibk.

- Gralr krcleizlgikeas ba hufarasnuegikelmas l mibarlzcks hlsgumieks.

- Gralr crupks ba hufaras bkeba mls aspksls ba mkspkmtigks mibarle lgtiviblbas ba lpkyk l sus hlribks(raglublgie ba nkebks, glptlgie ba vktks, atg.).

- Caearlr pmltlnkrhls basba bkeba mls mibaraslseackgile glrcks k asplgiks gke mks dkhjras, gkeeas iebivibulmas y sie gkhprkhisk gke mls pkmtiglsba iculmblb y mls krcleizlgikeas ba hufaras.


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>1

lsicel l mks asplgiks ietrlplrtiblriks ba hufaras nuegikeas ba prkhk-gie ba mibarlzcks nahaeieks y pkmtigls ba iculmblb, y ktrl qua bavamlmks hagleishks ba rastriggie l ml plrtigiplgie y macitihlgie ba mlmcigl pltrilrglm, aegujiartks jlfk ue bisgursk l nlvkr ba ml hlykr plr-

tigiplgie ba mls hufaras ae ml pkmtigl.Ls gkhk sa ragkekga qua astks asplgiks lyuble l gkevkglr l mls

hufaras l ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl, l kjtaear hlykr gkekgihiaetk basus baragdks, l tkhlr gkegiaegil ba sus kprasikeas k l prkpkear pkm-

tigls ba iculmblb ba ceark, guhpmae tlhjie -hugdls vagas- gke mlnuegie ba lplrtlr, aeglsimmlr y rastriecir l mls hufaras, a iegmusk bautimizlr l mks crupks ba hufaras plrl nkrtlmagar mibarlzcks hlsgumieks,raprkbugiaebk mks asquahls ba farlrquizlgie y sujkrbielgie ba mls

hufaras ae am sistahl pkmtigk. Ml nrlsa ba uel biricaeta ba izquiarbl

rasuha astks rkmas ba mls krcleizlgikeas ietrlplrtiblrils ba hufarasba ml sicuiaeta hlearl6 (dly qua var) si ma mmavl l ml hufar dlgil mlgkgiel k si ma slgl ba ml gkgiel (hufar prkcrasistl biricaeta skgilm y

pkmtigl).Ae guletk l ml utimiblb k gkevaeiaegil ba ml axistaegil ba asta tipk

ba krcleizlgie ietrlplrtiblril, mls hufaras aetravistlbls hleinastl-rke qua astk bapaeba ba qua sale kriaetlbls dlgil uel varblbarl

plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras y qua ek quabae skmk gkhk bis-gursk. \ua sale asplgiks smk ba hufaras sa fustigl gkhk astrltacil

prihlril6 mls hufaras gkhk ue sufatk lplrta k sufatk binaraegilbksmk gulebk astk as gkhpraebibk gkhk ue habik y ek ue e. Ae

caearlm, sa kptl pkrqua mls hufaras sa ietacrae l tkbls mls rals ba mlvibl plrtiblril, nkrhlebk aquipks hixtks a iegmuyaebk l mks dkhjrasae mls bisgusikeas ramlgikelbls gke mks tahls ba iculmblb ba ceark.

Am rkm ba mls krcleizlgikeas ba hufaras axtrlplrtiblrils.

Ktrl asnarl ba lemisis, ae ramlgie gke mls astrltacils ba prkhkgie ba

ml plrtigiplgie ba mls hufaras ae ml pkmtigl, ske mls krcleizlgikeas na-haeiels nuarl bam hjitk plrtiblrik, tlmas gkhk gkhits ba hufaras leivam gkhueitlrik, krcleizlgikeas ek cujarelhaetlmas, lskgilgikeasba prknasikelmas, crahiks y crupks k lrtigumlgikeas ibaetiglbks gkeam nahieishk.

Mls pargapgikeas ba mls aetravistlbls sa raafle ae am sicuiaetagulbrk lelmtigk6


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Wi jiae mls aetravistlbls ragkekgae ml ihpkrtlegil ba astls krcl-

eizlgikeas ba hufaras k aspagglhaeta nahieistls ae ml visijimizl-gie ba mibarlzcks y ml iestlmlgie ba tahls qua gkenrketle mls bas-iculmblbas ba ceark, ae caearlm ek aharca ue lemisis ba ml ramlgieaetra stls y mls astrugturls plrtiblrils, gkhk si nuarle hjitks qua

ek mmacle l ihpracelrsa. Am eigk glsk ae am qua astl ramlgie lplra-ga gmlrlhaeta as gulebk sa raarae l mls krcleizlgikeas ba hufaras

axtrlplrtiblrils gkhk amahaetks ba lismlhiaetk ba mls mibarasls y barastl ba vktks l mks plrtibks.

Am dagdk ba qua astls krcleizlgikeas guhpmle sus rkmas gkenrke-tlebk gke astrugturls rcibls y pltrilrglmas, baseublebk ralmiblbasskgilmas bkmkrksls, baeuegilebk ml axpmktlgie y kprasie, bisputlebkmibarlzcks trlbigikelmas y, ae hugdks glsks, prkpkeiaebk lmtarelti-

vls qua siceigle ml rupturl ba ue krbae astljmagibk, prkjljmahaetagketrijuyl l qua mls hufaras ek sa lbdiarle ngimhaeta l asta tipk balcruplgikeas. Wke gkhk qua bl hiabk lgarglrsa, axprasl pkr afah-pmk uel mibarasl gkhueitlril ba zkel urjlel.


Pmltlnkrhl plrl ml

banaesl ba mks bara-gdks ba mls hufaras.

- Arrlbiglr mls bisgrihielgikeas ybasiculmblbas jlslbls ae am ceark.

- Glplgitlr skjra giublblel y baragdks ba mls hufaras.- Blr l gkekgar mls hmtipmas

bisgrihielgikeas dlgil mls hufaras.- Jrieblr lsistaegil gkegratl ae glsks aspaggksba vikmlgikeas l mks baragdks ba mls hufaras.

Gkenrketlr mkstahls tlju.

- Iestlmlr am bajlta y mls prkpuastlsae tkrek l ml iculmblb ba ceark.

- Ihpumslr ml bisgusie skjra tahls saesijmas gkhk mlbaspaelmizlgie bam ljkrtk, hltrihkeik aetra parskels bamhishk saxk, baragdks saxulmas y raprkbugtivks, aetra ktrks.

- Blr l gkekgar prkpuastls prkcrlhtigls yhagleishks gkegratks plrl ml iculmblb ba ceark.

îsijimizlr l mls hufarasgkhk sufatk pkmtigk.

- îsijimizlr ml glplgiblb y ammibarlzck ba hufaras pkmtigls.

- Blr l gkekgar euavls vkgas.

- Dlgar sljar mk qua mls hufaras piaesleraspagtk l mks prkjmahls skgilmas.

- îsijimizlr ml trlyagtkril pkmtigl y skgilm ba mls hufaras.

- Caearlr asplgiks plrl qua mls hufarasieigiae uel himitlegil pkmtigl.

- Leihlr l mls hufaras l glebibltlrsa y kguplr asplgiks.- Blr asplgik l euavls vkgas, fvaeas,glhpasiels, iebcaels.

- Prkhkvar ml bivarsiblb y rkhpar astaraktipks.

Lismlhiaetk y baslrti-gumlgie ba nuarzls.

- Lismlr l mls mibarasls y rastlr nuarzlsl mls lrtigumlgikeas pkmtigls.

- Lismlr l mls hufaras qua plrtigiple ae krcleizlgikeasskmk ba hufaras ba ktrks hjitks hs lhpmiks.

- Ek luhaetle mks vktks plrl glebibltlshufaras y ae lmcueks glsks rastle vktks.

- Aeglsimmlr tahls gkhk tahls ba hufaras.- Bivibir l dkhjras y hufaras ae am lggikelr pkmtigk.

GQLBZK


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Wkjra ml utimiblb k gkevaeiaegil ba ml axistaegil ba krcleizlgikeasba hufaras axtrlplrtiblrils, mls aetravistlbls hleinastlrke lm haeksbks puetks ba vistl siceigltivks. Qek bastlgl ml ihpkrtlegil ba astatipk ba eugmalgikeas, siahpra y gulebk sale asplgiks ba tresitk dlgil

ml varblbarl lrael pkmtigl, dlgil ml bisputl ae mks hjitks plrtibl-riks y ae mks prkyagtks pkmtigks. Am ktrk ragdlzl k ek ma va saetibk lmdagdk ba qua sa krcleigae skmk hufaras6 praarae krcleizlgikeashixtls y qua mks tahls ramlgikelbks gke ml basiculmblb ba ceark sale

ljkrblbks pkr tkbl ml skgiablb.

Mks prkcrlhls ba mks plrtibks y hkvihiaetkspkmtigks y mls prkpuastls ba ceark.

Ml prasaegil ba hufaras ae am hjitk pkmtigk pkbrl sar uel kpkrtu-

eiblb plrl hkvimizlr mks tahls ranaribks l ml iculmblb ba ceark. Ammkihpmiglrl ml prasaegil ba prkpuastls ae mks prkcrlhls ba ckjiarek bamks prkyagtks amagtkrlmas, ls gkhk ml prasaegil ae am bisgursk ba gle-bibltks y glebibltls. Wie ahjlrck, uel priharl bigumtlb surca gke

ramlgie l mks prkcrlhls ba ckjiarek pkr am prkpik basgkekgihiaetkcaearlmizlbk ba mks hishks. Leta ml pracuetl skjra mls prkpuastlsplrl mls hufaras k mls ba iculmblb ba ceark ae mks prkcrlhls ba ck-

jiarek sa gkestltl hugdl basienkrhlgie. Mls hufaras gkesarvlbkrlsek mkcrle ibaetiglr pkmtigls ba ceark prkpuastls pkr sus plrtibksei puabae aeuegilr prkpuastls prkcrlhtigls caearlmas? mks mbaraspkmtigks, tletk gkesarvlbkras gkhk prkcrasistls, ragkekgae ml asglslprasaegil k prknuebiblb ba mks tahls ba ceark ae mls prkpuastls ba

ckjiarek.

Dljl guastikeas huy caearlmas, bkeba sa dljmljl ba blr-

ma am asplgik gkrraspkebiaeta l ml hufar, park ek guastikeas

huy prknuebls, ek guastikeas huy gkegratls6 arle guastikeascaearlmas ae nlvkr ba ml hufar y ba su plrtigiplgie ae ml pkm-tigl k ae mks prkyagtks ba ckjiarek (dkhjra biricaeta pkmtigk

gkesarvlbkr).

Nua huy pkjra euastrl prkpuastl ba ckjiarek gke am tahlceark. Eks ljkglhks hugdk ae abuglgie y eiaz, park ae

am tahl ceark eks quablhks gke ml prkpuastl hlrgk ue pkgkrapatibl ba siahpra, am tahl bam 10% (dkhjra biricaeta pk-mtigk gkesarvlbkr).


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Wie ahjlrck, pasa l astl pargapgie caearlmizlbl, am lemisis ba mksprkcrlhls ba ckjiarek ba mks plrtibks y hkvihiaetks pkmtigks quapucelrke ae mls amaggikeas ba :004 y :0


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>9

Mls kpieikeas y pksigikeas skjra ml pksijimiblb ba maclmizlgie bamljkrtk ske mls qua aeguaetrle kpksigie hs burl. Ae caearlm, mksdkhjras tletk prkcrasistls gkhk gkesarvlbkras avitle pksigikelr-sa skjra am tahl k biragtlhaeta sa kpkeae, ljriaebk lpaels paqua-

ls vaetlels plrl glsks tarlputigks. Mls pksigikeas (lplragibls aemks habiks ba gkhueiglgie) ba mks glebibltks l ml prasibaegil ba mlZapjmigl nuarke axpmgitls ae asa saetibk, gke ml axgapgie ba ml gle-bibltl bam Hkvihiaetk Oul Pyraebl y bam glebibltk bam Plrtibk ba

mks Rrljlflbkras (PR), gkhk puaba kjsarvlrsa ae am sicuiaeta gulbrk6

BIHAEWIE GABLS ^LZILJMAW GKERAEIBK

^ibl pkmtigly pjmigl.

Plriblb k guktls.Pksigie skjra plriblb k luhaetk ba prasaegilba hufaras ae asplgiks ba pkbar.

Habibls ba pkmtigl

Pkmtigls pjmigls ba ceark aemks prkcrlhls ba ckjiarek.

Pkmtigls aspaggls k trlesvarslmas ba cearkaxpmigitlbls ae mks prkcrlhls ba ckjiarek.

Ihpkrtlegil ba tahls ba ceark.Haegie aspketeal l prkjmahls aspaggks ba mls hufarask prkjmahls ramlgikelbks gke ml gkestruggie caerigl.

Wlmub Baragdks saxulmas y raprkbugtivks.Pksigie skjra maclmizlgie/baspaelmizlgie bam ljkrtk.Pksigie skjra prkcrlhls ba abuglgie saxulm.

Hltrihkeik y nlhimilBaragdks ba mls parskels clys,masjilels, jisaxulmas, trlvastis,

trlescearks a ietarsax (CMJRI).Pksigie skjra ml ueie aetra parskels bam hishk saxk.

Iculmblb aeam ahpmak

Rlrals ba guiblbk.Pkmtigls ba gkrraspkesljimiblb nlhimilr6Migaegils plraetlmas sihimlras l mls hltarelmas.Plrtigiplgie ba mks dkhjras ae mls tlrals bkhstigls.

GQLBZK


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Pkr su plrta, aetra mls hufaras pkmtigls sa kjsarvl uel gmlrl mealbiviskril aetra mls gkesarvlbkrls y mls prkcrasistls, gke mls priharls sks-taeiaebk uel pksigie ae gketrl y mls sacuebls gke uel pksigie nlvkrl-jma l ml baspaelmizlgie bam ljkrtk. Lue ls, iegmusk plrl mls hufaras pk-

mtigls prkcrasistls am ljkrtk as ue tahl bingim, qua gral gkeigtks, y dlyratigaegils l qua am tahl sal trltlbk pkrqua sa gkesibarl qua ae am sagtkrpkmtigk sarl bingim kjtaear lpkyks, gkhk mk axprasl uel ba mls hufaraspkmtigls prkcrasistls aetravistlbls6 Parskelmhaeta astky ba lguarbk

park, si mk mmavk lm hjitk ba hi plrtibk, ek s qu pksigie taebre.

GLEBIBLRK/L PKWIGIE ATPZAWIE NQAERA

Hicuam GlrrizkslPlrtibk Pltril \uaribl

Wkmk aeglskstarlputigks

---waj - L quieasamacihks; GIZB

Hlrik NarrairkLvlezl Pls

Ae gketrl

Yk prihark ta vky l bagir qua astky ae gketrlbam ljkrtk pkr baeigie, parskelm, mksgl ytlhjie ue pkgk ramiciksl, pkrqua yk taeck hiramicie, qua as ml ramicie gltmigl, park l plrtirba ld, bks gksls rpibls a ihpkrtletas, yk ekpuabk ihpkearma lm Astlbk plrlculyk hi na, gkhksi nuarl am astlbk gkenasikelm qua taelhks letasba ml gkestitugie bam 9:? sacuebk, ek pkbahkspkspkear hs am bajlta, yk mk ragdlzk ba pmlek,park ml skgiablb vl taear qua saetlrsa l dljmlrba asta tahl, hs tlrba k hs tahprlek.

Bilrik mtihl Dkrl (


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3 lks y asue gkhjlta qua uel tiaea qua dlgar ba hlearl gkesgiaeta

plrl pamalr pkr su lutkekhl6 qu sks, quie sks vks. Hs lmmba tus ramlgikeas ba lhicks, plrl mls hufaras ml ramlgie ba pl-rafl, skjra tkbk, as mk qua hs mls gkebigikel (hufar pkmtiglba sagtkr prkcrasistl).

Mls viegumlgikeas aetra ml plrtigiplgie skgilmy ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl ba mls hufaras.

Ae Plrlculy, mls hufaras plrtigiple lgtivlhaeta ae krcleizlgikeas

skgilmas ba tkbk tipk. Qe astubik bam Hieistarik ba ml Hufar (:0


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elgikelm y sa kguple ba bivarsks prkjmahls ba sus mkglmiblbas, ljkr-blebk tahls ranaribks l ml abuglgie, ml slmub, ml prkbuggie... Ldkrljiae, gulebk sa trltl ba ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl6 as ml plrtigiplgieba mls hufaras ae mls krcleizlgikeas skgilmas ue gketaxtk nlvkrljma

plrl su lggie l eivam pkmtigk;Plrl mls hufaras aetravistlbls ae astl ievasticlgie, ml plrtigipl-

gie skgilm y ml plrtigiplgie pkmtigl sa gkesibarle astragdlhaetaviegumlbls, y ae astk gkiegibae hufaras gke lgtivl himitlegil pkmtigk-

plrtiblril y hufaras qua plrtigiple ae krcleizlgikeas skgilmas, gkhkmk raara ml biricaeta ba uel ba mls krcleizlgikeas ba mks Jllbksba ml giublb ba Lsuegie6 skhks am 30% ba hufaras baetrk ba mlkrcleizlgie () y graahks qua ek sa puaba biskgilr mk pkmtigk ba mk

skgilm, tiaeae qua ir fuetks. Luequa ek ta custa am plrtibk tlm k gulm

dly qua jusglr ue plrtibk plrl pkbar iesartlrsa baetrk ba ml pkmtiglgke prkpuastls.

Am bisgursk ramltivk l astl viegumlgie ast gmlrlhaeta lgaetulbk

ae mls hufaras qua himitle ae mks baekhielbks sagtkras prkcrasistls.Ba dagdk, ml hlykrl ba mls aetravistlbls ba astls glrlgtarstigls plr-tigipl ae uel krcleizlgie pkmtigl y tlhjie ae hkvihiaetks skgilmasba bivarsks tipks6 glhpasieks, ba hufaras, prkslmub y ktrks. Ae mks

ramltks ba mls aetravistlbls, axistae ranaraegils huy axpmgitls lm plskbasba am hkvihiaetk skgilm lm pkmtigk. Ml himitlegil ae mks hkvihiae-

tks skgilmas as vistl gkhk ue amahaetk saesijimizlbkr dlgil ml pkmtiglpkr plrta ba hufaras qua himitle ae sagtkras pkmtigks prkcrasistls.

L plrtir ba asl himitlegil crahilm as qua yk saet ml eagasi-blb ba ml himitlegil pkmtigl park, pkr asa mlbk, yl ml tael ha-bik gargl pkrqua his plbras arle himitletas _X. Hi himitlegil

ae am crahik, ae am sagtkr skgilm hs lhpmik, as ml qua ha mmavl eagasitlr ba asl darrlhiaetl pkmtigl _X. Plrl h ek taebrlsaetibk hi himitlegil pkmtigl si yk ek ml gkhjielrl gke uel

himitlegil skgilm (hufar ba sagtkr pkmtigk prkcrasistl).

Astl viegumlgie tiaea tlhjie uel gketrlglrl6 sa ble glsks, glsikjmiclbks, ba plrtigiplgie pkmtigl iebugibl pkr biricaetas pkmtigksqua gkebigikele su lpkyk lm hkvihiaetk skgilm l glhjik ba astl plr-

tigiplgie qua, ae caearlm, iegmuya himitlegil ba jlsa plrl su plrtibk.Ae am sicuiaeta gulbrk sa rasuhae mks lspagtks l trlvs ba mks gul-

mas sa viegumle ml krcleizlgie skgilm y ml krcleizlgie pkmtigl, sacemls aetravistlbls.


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LWPAGRK BA IEGQMLGIE BAWBA ML PLZRIGIPLGIE WKGILMBAWBA ML PLZRIGI-PLGIE PKMRIGL

Eagasiblbas skgilmas

Wa visulmizle mls eagasiblbasskgilmas k mls situlgikeasgkesibarlbls iefustls y sapiaesl ae ml pkmtigl.

Wa raspkeba l mlseagasiblbas skgilmas.

Glplgiblb ba ragmlhk,ba krcleizlgie

Ml plrtigiplgie ae krcleizlgikeasskgilmas aesal l ragmlhlr, lbahleblr, l krcleizlrsa.

Ml plrtigiplgie pkmtiglvuamva ml hirlbl dlgilkrcleizlgikeas skgilmasqua sa basgkekgle.

^isijimizlgie

Ml plrtigiplgie skgilm visijimizl

l mls hufaras gke glplgiblbleta mks sagtkras pkmtigks.

GQLBZK


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Wicuiaebk astls ibals, ae am sicuiaeta gulbrk sa lelmizle mls vk-gas axpraslbls pkr mls hufaras qua dle sibk aetravistlbls, jusglebkibaetiglr gkegratlhaeta mks amahaetks qua ieuyae ae ml plrtigipl-gie pkmtigl nahaeiel.

LWPAGRKW BA MLPLZRIGIPLGIE PKMRIGL

ZKM BA ML ZAMICIE

MCIGL BA IEGMQWIE MCIGL BA ATGMQWIE

Lpkrta l ml gkestruggiepkmtigl prkcrlhtigl.

- Mks sagtkras prkcrasistls ba mlIcmasil prkhuavae ml rankrhl lcrlrily am gkhjlta l ml pkjrazl.

- Ml Icmasil sa iehisguya y pkeamhitas l lmcueks tahls6 bapaebaba qu sagtkr ba ml Icmasil sal.

- Ml Icmasil pkea hugdks nraeks lmnahieishk, skjra tkbk ae am tahl ba mlbaspaelmizlgie bam ljkrtk, qua as ueprkjmahl skjra tkbk ba mls hufaras pkjras.

Prkhkgie bam bajltay binusie ba ibals.

- Mks crupks ba gltaquasis ske asplgiks babisputl pkrqua ld sa jlfle ibals y raaxikeas.

- Wa utimizl l ml astrugturl ba ml Icmasil plrljlflr giartls ibals pkmtigls6 tiaeae caetagkevaegibl qua vl l rapmiglr am bisgursk.

- Ae hugdks glsks, ratrlsl mlgkegiaetizlgie ba ml caeta6 as raprasivl.

- Am pli hl dai (yl bifk am slgarbkta) sautimizl plrl leumlr ml gkegiaegil grtigl6sa tiaea qua lgaptlr mk qua bigae.

- ml ramicie tiaea su prkpil pkmigl6gketrkm skjra mls ibals y lggikeas.

- Nraeks l mls ibals nahieistls pkrltaetlr gketrl ml vibl y ml nlhimil.

Caearlgie ba asplgiksba plrtigiplgie.

- Ae mks crupks ramiciksks sa ljrae mks kfks l uelralmiblb skgilm y l ue gkhprkhisk pkmtigk.

- Ml Icmasil caearl asplgiks ba plrtigiplgieplrl mks fvaeas, bkeba sa vl gralebk uelibaetiblb, uel gumturl, y baspus sa plsll lgtulr ae ktrk tipk ba krcleizlgikeas.

- Hugdls vagas, ml ramicie mas dlgasaetir gumpljmas l mls hufaras pkrsu plrtigiplgie ae pkmtigl.

- Dly ramicikeas qua prkdjae mlplrtigiplgie pkmtigl y am vktk.

Nkrhlgie ba mibarlzcks.

- Hugdks gurls dle nkrhlbkhimas ba fvaeas mbaras.

- Mks crupks fuvaeimas ba ml icmasil ske aehugdks glsks am prihar asplgik ba himitlegil.

- Lpkyle skmk mibarlzcks qua mas gkeviaeae.

Lpkyk l prkyagtkspkmtigks y glebiblturls.

- Gurls y plstkras dlgae sus lpuastls pkmtiglsy utimizle su astrugturl ba jlsa plrl amlpkyk l giartks prkyagtks y glebiblturls.

- Wi mls lutkriblbas ba ml Icmasil ek asteba lguarbk gke giartls glebiblturls,dlgae glhpll ae gketrl.

Hkvimizlgie ae tkrek lbahlebls y eagasiblbas.

- Ml Icmasil as uel darrlhiaetl plrl quaml caeta sa krcleiga plrl hafkrlr susgkhueiblbas, skjra tkbk ae rals rurlmas.- Dly sagtkras prkcrasistls qua mmlhle l mlhkvimizlgie, l mugdlr gketrl mls iefustigils.

- Prkhuava ml plrtigiplgie ba mks fvaeasae tkrek l mls iefustigils6 afahpmk ske amHlrzk Plrlculyk y am glsk Guruculty.

- Ml ramicie lyubl l bashkvimizlr6 si mlglusl ek as bam lcrlbk bam sagtkr ramiciksk,aetkegas sa mmlhl l ml plz skgilm, l ml

rasicelgie, l lculetlr mls basiculmblbas.

GQLBZK :0

^IEGQMLGIE AERZA ZAMICIE, PKMRIGL YPLZRIGIPLGIE BA MLW HQFAZAW


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Ml viegumlgie aetra pkmtigl y ramicie lplraga gmlrlhaeta nueblblae mks tastihkeiks ba mls aetravistlbls, park astl viegumlgie as hum-

tibiraggikelm y hvim.Ktrls pracuetls ramlgikelbls lm rkm ba ml ramicie ae ml plrtigiplgie

pkmtigl ba mls hufaras nuarke dagdls ae mls aetravistls y crupks nk-glmas. Ba hlearl imustrltivl, lmcuels raspuastls sa baslrrkmmle l gke-

tieulgie.

Ml ramicie6 ml lgarg k ml lmaf ba ml pkmtigl;

Ahpag ae ml Icmasil gke ue crupk ba ml fuvaetub nrlegis-glel. Ml hlykrl ba mks gkhplarks qua astlhks ld tlhjieastlhks iegursikelebk ae krcleizlgikeas skgilmas y muack ae

ml pkmtigl (hufar pkmtigl ba sagtkr prkcrasistl, zkel rurlm).

Yk parskelmhaeta sky grayaeta, sky gltmigl, y grak qua aehi axpariaegil ml ramicie fustlhaeta nua hi hktkr priegiplm

Basba asl hirlbl ba ml Icmasil, asl hirlbl skgilm, hi gkhprkhi-

sk nua hs lmm ba hi gkhueiblb as mk qua ha bl asparlezl(mibarasl gkhueitlril, zkel urjlel).

Banaesl ba ietarasaspkmtigks/agkehigks/skgilmas.

- Wace qu sagtkr ba ml Icmasil sal, lpkyll mks sagtkras hs vumearljmas.

- Wke plrta ba ml mita, sa lmle gkemks crlebas pkbarksks.

^lmkras plrl mlprgtigl pkmtigl.

- Jiaeastlr, plz ae ml gkhueiblb, ueiblb ba mlsnlhimils.

- Lyubl lm prfihk, kpgie pranaraegilm pkr mkspkjras.

- Ml ramicie knraga ue ibalm ba vibl? ml pkmtigl ekmk dlga.

- eigk hkbamk ba nlhimil jlslbkae am hltrihkeik datarksaxulm.

- L trlvs ba sus pragaptks caearl uelgkshkvisie qua hlrciel y axgmuya l mlhufar y l tkbk mk qua ek as pkbarksk.

Baeuegil gketrl mlsiefustigils y ml gkrrupgie.

- Dly giartks tahls qua baeuegile, ae amglsk ba mls nuhiclgikeas gke lcrktxigksy ml gkrrupgie ba mks pkmtigks.

- Ml Icmasil as huy gkrruptl y sa lml gke mkspkmtigks plrl ml gkrrupgie6 si baeuegisml gkrrupgie quabs hlrglbl.

LWPAGRKW BA MLPLZRIGIPLGIE PKMRIGL

ZKM BA ML ZAMICIE

MCIGL BA IEGMQWIE MCIGL BA ATGMQWIE


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